7487:
7544:
7042:
7420:
7258:
5838:
4931:
7064:
7445:
132:
5704:
7522:
103:
5675:
7534:
7088:
6548:
9418:
7563:
5855:
5205:
9546:
5639:
5335:
4919:
9435:
benefited from slavery by being in a slaveowning household, e.g., the wife and children of an owner; in 1850, there was an average of 5.55 people per household, so on average, around 8.05% of free persons lived in a slave-owning household. In the South, 33% of families owned at least one slave. According to historian Joseph
Glatthaar, the number of soldiers of the Confederacy's Army of Northern Virginia who either owned slaves or came from slave owning households is "almost one of every two 1861 recruits". In addition he notes that, "Untold numbers of enlistees rented land from, sold crops to, or worked for slaveholders. In the final tabulation, the vast majority of the volunteers of 1861 had a direct connection to slavery."
7600:
6275:
72:
6171:
233:
5351:
123:
6953:
6296:
7346:
7466:
6086:
6048:
7361:
7580:
7166:
92:
5135:
6428:
7147:
6219:
3629:
5060:
63:
6359:
5473:
8205:
5089:
6120:
5964:
5268:
6532:
7390:
5318:
4964:
6489:
5912:
5614:
28358:
9598:
3558:
5602:
6387:
7303:
7926:
6931:
31973:
29022:
28668:
5736:
31983:
5528:
152:
5564:
24639:
83:
5995:
9570:
28674:
5548:
112:
6204:
13174:"Throughout the antebellum period, married women consistently asserted their rights to own and control human property without their husband's interference, and they exercised those rights as well." "White women were not anomalies at local slave auctions, either, and no group could testify more powerfully to white women's presence at and involvement in slave auctions than the enslaved people who were there.
9584:
6078:
13233:
methods of discipline than their husbands did...White southern women conducted transactions with slave traders...and they were not meek in their bargaining...slave-owning women brought legal suits against individuals, both male and female, who jeopardized their claims to human property, and others sued them in kind. They bought and sold slaves for profit, and, on rare occasions owned slave yards.
6104:
5588:
5033:
5378:
4996:
10475:
13843:. Cuffe believed that African Americans could more easily "rise to be a people" in Africa than in the United States because of the latter's slavery, racial discrimination, and limits on black rights. Although Cuffee died in 1817, his early efforts encouraged the ACS to promote further settlements. The
13232:
When we listen to what enslaved people had to say about white women and slave mastery, we find that articulated quite clearly their belief that slave-owning women governed their slaves in the same ways that white men did, sometimes they were more effective at slave management or they used more brutal
5321:
Confederate $ 100 bill, 1862–63, showing slaves farming; there were over 125 carefully wrought etchings of laboring slaves made for currency issued by 19th-century
Southern banks and the Confederate States, images that provided reassurance that slavery "was protected both by law and by tradition." In
16447:
American slave trade; or, An
Account of the Manner in which the Slave Dealers take Free People from some of the United States of America, and carry them away, and sell them as Slaves in other of the States; and of the horrible Cruelties practiced in the carrying on of this infamous Traffic: with
9753:
The United States continued to prohibit Royal Navy ships from investigating U.S.-flagged vessels – even in instances when the U.S. flag was being used fraudulently. The
British still insisted on the right to impress (i.e. force to serve in the Royal Navy) British citizens found on
9438:
It is estimated by the transcriber Tom Blake, that holders of 200 or more slaves, constituting less than 1% of all U.S. slaveholders (fewer than 4,000 persons, one in 7,000 free persons, or 0.015% of the population) held an estimated 20–30% of all slaves (800,000 to 1,200,000 slaves). Nineteen
143:
9434:
Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529; therefore, approximately 1.45% of free persons (roughly one in 69) was a named slaveholder (393,975 named slaveholders among 27,167,529 free persons). By counting only named slaveholders, this approach does not acknowledge people who
7476:
in
Monticello, Florida, with a black man in a sack used as the counterweight; when a New York reporter visited a cotton gin in South Carolina in 1851, the managers reported that it cost an average of $ 75 a year to staff the gin with black slaves, whereas it would have cost $ 116 to use free
18011:
6092:
is a cloth that recounts a slave sale separating a mother and her daughter. The sack belonged to a nine-year-old girl Ashley and was a parting gift from her mother, Rose, after Ashley had been sold. Rose filled the sack with a dress, braid of her hair, pecans, and "my love always".
15277:
Zakharia, Fouad; Basu, Analabha; Absher, Devin; Assimes, Themistocles L; Go, Alan S; Hlatky, Mark A; Iribarren, Carlos; Knowles, Joshua W; Li, Jun; Narasimhan, Balasubramanian; Sidney, Steven; Southwick, Audrey; Myers, Richard M; Quertermous, Thomas; Risch, Neil; Tang, Hua (2009).
13203:
South
Carolina has bills of sale for property transactions from the 1700s to pretty recently. I looked at a sample of 3,000 bills of sale involving enslaved people being purchased or sold. Close to 40 percent of the bills of sale included either a female buyer or a female
11285:
10182:
17230:
4930:
1731:
14366:... to slave sales." Ransome (p. 582) notes that Fogel and Engerman based their conclusions on the study of some counties in Maryland in the 1830s and attempted to extrapolate that analysis as reflective of the entire South over the entire period.
25782:
5208:
For sale: 51 head of slaves, 12 yoke of draught oxen, 32 horses or mules; 5 head of slaves, 2 yoke of draught oxen; 11 head of slaves, 4 yoke of oxen—in early
America, slaves were treated legally and socially as if they were farm animals
18861:
3493:
3380:
7521:
15565:
14217:
Kolchin p. 96. Through the domestic slave trade, about one million enslaved
African Americans were forcibly removed from the Upper South to the Deep South, with some transported by ship in the coastwise trade. In 1834,
13304:
In 1835, 7.4% of
Cherokee families held slaves. In comparison, nearly one-third of white families living in Confederate states owned slaves in 1860. Further analysis of the 1835 Federal Cherokee Census can be found in
18140:
9986:... overturned the policy of containment and effectively unlocked the gates of the Western territories (including both the old Louisiana Purchase lands and the Mexican Cession) to the legal expansion of slavery...."
29058:
13338:
4954:
7486:
23997:
18051:"Review of The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860 by Calvin Schermerhorn and The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism by Edward E. Baptist"
9430:
held 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, for an average of about ten slaves per holder. As some large holders held slaves in multiple counties and are thus multiply counted, this slightly overestimates the number of
6052:
5688:
called it "an abolitionist song" and according to the
Library of Congress, "the language of the song does not seem to match historic descriptions of songs coffle gangs were made to sing by slave traders"
27730:
27725:
21305:
6516:
23834:
1726:
6512:
21961:
5684:
that are not attributed to white abolitionists; the other one, "Stolen We Were," with "words by a colored man," starts with much the same language "...stolen from Africa...brought to America..."
7041:
5572:
4958:
27737:
22830:
7543:
3365:
15808:"You Want a Confederate Monument? My Body Is a Confederate Monument. The black people I come from were owned and raped by the white people I come from. Who dares to tell me to celebrate them?"
29051:
27478:
9447:, who in 1850 held 1,092 slaves, and whose heirs in 1860 held 1,130 or 1,131 slaves – he was dubbed "the king of the rice planters", and one of his plantations is now part of
6498:
10529:
6306:
in two Alabama newspapers in hopes of recovering a 20-year-old enslaved woman, whom he had purchased four years earlier, and her four-year-old daughter, who sometimes called herself Lolo
3297:
7547:
Market update, published on the eve of the American Civil War: Here the sell-side (Virginia) prepares the buy-side (Mississippi) for expected prices in the 1860–61 slave-trading season (
22385:
Cotton is king: or, The culture of cotton, and its relation to Agriculture, Manufactures and Commerce; to the free colored people; and to those who hold that slavery is in itself sinful
7151:
3375:
13847:
opposed slavery, but they believed that blacks would face better chances for freedom in Africa than in the United States. Slaveholders opposed abolition, but they wanted to get rid of
27742:
19501:
6917:
4584:
3360:
4894:
29044:
23954:
23581:
6269:
5195:
31631:
12739:
31950:
31777:
29492:
23849:
7026:
5976:
2013:
27413:
25774:
24284:
23784:
23739:
23654:
22503:
20029:
2659:
14362:, pp. 168–169. Kolchin p. 96. Kolchin notes that Fogel and Engerman maintained that 84% of slaves moved with their families but "most other scholars assign far greater weight
7257:
24289:
24279:
23694:
23659:
15858:
15561:
11122:...by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons."
9754:
American ships – something that was a continued cause of grievance. Despite the intent of the treaty, the opportunity for additional co-operation was missed.
6944:: "SLAVE STATES, once more let me repeat that the only way of preserving our slave property, or what we prize more than life, our LIBERTY, is by a UNION WITH EACH OTHER." (
24901:
14064:
10166:
7048:
of African-American woman with a flag, "believed to be a washerwoman for Union troops quartered outside Richmond, Virginia" (National Museum of American History 2005.0002)
5984:
3694:
2072:
2024:
14130:
24319:
13975:
10500:
3370:
3322:
13187:
24945:
5177:
3332:
3327:
1852:
7448:
Prices noted in pencil on slave sale broadside with listing of names, ages and special skills; a note was made on an outer page "average $ 623.45"(Hutson Lee papers,
5185:
3598:
3342:
32038:
25750:
24232:
16022:
Adler, Jeffrey S. (1995). "Black Violence in the New South. Patterns of Conflict in Late-Nineteenth-Century Tampa". In Colburn, David R.; Landers, Jane L. (eds.).
14165:
9638:
6369:
5837:
4853:
12155:
A legal argument before the Supreme court of the state of New Jersey, at the May term, 1845, at Trenton, for the deliverance of four thousand persons from bondage
31460:
15883:
5747:
5707:
3312:
17:
9475:
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia
7419:
5866:
gang was at work in Northwest Fork Hundred, Delaware until 1829, when four bodies were found buried on property they had owned ("Kidnapping 250 Dollars Reward"
30915:
30910:
28263:
28258:
27807:
26539:
26396:
24778:
24227:
24071:
24014:
18012:"The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. By Baptist Edward E. New York: Basic Books, 2014. pp. xxvii, 498. $ 35.00, cloth"
15179:"Racism, African American Women, and Their Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Review of Historical and Contemporary Evidence and Implications for Health Equity"
6910:
6460:
5680:
5448:
4802:
3889:
2215:
1716:
1247:
32043:
30920:
28070:
27942:
26527:
25862:
23574:
7063:
3247:
3237:
2056:
14622:
32028:
31681:
31570:
31555:
29399:
23924:
17121:
The Ordeal of the Reunion: A New History of Reconstruction (Littlefield History of the Civil War Era) by Mark Wahlgren Summers, 978-1-4696-1758-9, page=397
16935:
9671:
6583:
6536:
6299:
6038:
5902:
5420:
Said openly that slavery should by no means be limited to black people, since in their view it was beneficial. Northern white workers, who were allegedly "
5397:
4872:
3754:
3317:
1994:
1601:
973:
710:
28:
15818:
7444:
32113:
32058:
31347:
31267:
29795:
23909:
21973:
21717:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press (published for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Virginia).
17132:
9805:
9648:
5724:
4876:
3307:
3302:
1337:
978:
11139:
32018:
29529:
29096:
26637:
26318:
24918:
24911:
24076:
23939:
11583:
Schermerhorn, Calvin (2020). "Chapter 2: 'Cash for Slaves' The African American Trail of Tears". In Bond, Beverly Greene; O'Donovan, Susan Eva (eds.).
6028:
5250:
4792:
4665:
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32023:
31375:
27226:
26361:
24929:
20441:
7409:
6903:
4809:
4733:
4650:
3337:
3217:
13284:
Sturm, Circe (1998). "Blood Politics, Racial Classification, and Cherokee National Identity: The Trials and Tribulations of the Cherokee Freedmen".
7502: (equivalent to $ 1,761 in 2023) each, and resold in the United States where the fair-market price for a healthy young enslaved male was easily
29790:
29192:
27720:
24677:
24203:
24167:
24002:
23567:
9628:
9534:
6211:
6157:
5906:
5703:
5391:
5359:
5339:
5171:
4824:
4660:
4640:
3638:
670:
19545:
12695:
10629:
131:
32033:
31565:
31540:
31342:
31250:
29800:
29534:
28268:
27508:
26272:
23992:
12149:
10216:
Brown, Christopher. PBS Video "Liberty! The American Revolution", Episode 6, "Are We to be a Nation?", Twin Cities Public Television, Inc., 1997.
6002:
And why? Because it is said they can never attain to respectability or happiness here—among their own countrymen!!—Hail, Columbia! happy land!" (
5300:
2533:
12769:
Lindsay, Arnett G. (1920). "Diplomatic Relations Between the United States and Great Britain Bearing on the Return of Negro Slaves, 1783–1828".
32063:
32053:
31392:
31035:
30424:
30303:
29197:
28337:
28312:
24906:
24473:
24309:
23034:
14192:
13486:
7121:
6464:
6112:
3572:
3473:
2220:
2092:
1946:
1025:
13451:
5730:
32108:
31919:
31277:
31030:
31025:
30451:
28435:
28322:
28317:
27249:
26697:
24665:
24379:
23959:
13827:
12851:
11523:
10070:
9677:
7135:
5199:
4777:
4333:
3836:
3699:
3591:
21181:
16767:
32103:
30283:
29353:
28038:
27874:
27583:
27573:
27231:
27221:
24888:
23969:
23944:
19659:
18106:
mishandle historical evidence and mischaracterize important events in ways that affect their major interpretations on the nature of slavery
9540:
7297:
7293:
6552:
6032:
5859:
4880:
4846:
4819:
4753:
4589:
3914:
3527:
3507:
3267:
2759:
2744:
2231:
1721:
1571:
15483:
6390:
Tags to be used for identifying and tracking enslaved people of Charleston, South Carolina (National Museum of American History 1993.0503)
102:
32088:
32078:
31840:
31370:
30419:
30178:
29285:
28080:
27852:
24660:
24424:
24147:
23468:
22322:
Sweet, John Wood. "The Subject of the Slave Trade: Recent Currents in the Histories of the Atlantic, Great Britain, and Western Africa,"
15457:
9705:
7141:
6408:
4723:
4645:
3272:
3252:
1052:
17853:
10249:. "An Interview with Historian Gordon Wood on the New York Times "1619 Project," World Socialist Web Site, wsws.org, November 28, 2019.
5674:
5322:
1860, Southern slaveholders held slaves as personal property collectively valued at more than $ 3 billion (about $ 97 billion in 2022) (
32073:
32068:
32048:
31934:
31797:
31782:
30213:
29829:
28300:
27244:
27239:
24137:
23865:
23649:
23457:
13307:
McLoughlin, W. G.; Conser, W. H. (1977). "The Cherokees in Transition: a Statistical Analysis of the Federal Cherokee Census of 1835".
12852:"The Five Greatest Slave Rebellions in the United States | African American History Blog | The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross"
6024:
5556:
5077:
4948:
4944:
4738:
3899:
3739:
2538:
1999:
1798:
550:
10462:
9966:
6059:
4934:
Detail of the brickwork of a colonial-era church in Maryland; the brickmakers of Baltimore were predominantly black and often enslaved
32083:
31787:
31550:
31520:
31158:
31087:
29785:
29780:
28612:
27959:
27463:
26572:
26286:
25044:
22920:
21108:
Ohline, Howard A. (October 1971). "Republicanism and Slavery: Origins of the Three-Fifths Clause in the United States Constitution".
19483:
16911:
16494:
Acts, Resolutions, and Memorials Passed at the ... Annual, and Special Sessions, of the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah
9700:
6435:
3749:
3202:
3079:
2113:
1000:
18358:. New York, N.Y: Saint Martin's Press. pp. 101–102 (Portuguese-African market), 125–126 (prices), 250–253 (origin, biography).
16161:
10735:
7087:
5752:
5710:: Jackson, soon to be the "Hero of New Orleans," explains how much it should cost to take a shipment of slaves to Natchez for sale (
31701:
31636:
30338:
30313:
29549:
29524:
29474:
29454:
29260:
28307:
27937:
27458:
26680:
26512:
26267:
26041:
24101:
21236:
The War of Slavery upon the Constitution: Address of Charles E. Drake on the Anniversary of the Constitution Delivered in St. Louis
20993:
Cushing, John D. (1961). "The Cushing Court and the Abolition of Slavery in Massachusetts: More Notes on the 'Quock Walker Case'".
7533:
6889:
6715:
6547:
6526:
6185:, 1863; after the whipping, Peter's wounds were salted, a common practice; the overseer who whipped Peter was fired by slave owner
6147:
5820:
5262:
4977:
3584:
3522:
3287:
3242:
1771:
1591:
764:
23441:
15028:
5003:, who was an enslaved African-American man who purchased his freedom, became a soldier, and rose to fame as a war hero during the
31904:
31879:
31595:
31292:
31188:
31040:
30373:
30253:
29464:
28395:
28273:
28233:
28075:
27979:
27908:
27513:
24647:
24498:
24009:
23929:
19285:
17753:
13839:, a successful New England black shipping man, financed and captained a voyage for American blacks in 1815–1816 to British-ruled
13548:
12479:
9417:
7933:
7395:
6993:
6454:
4900:
4839:
3894:
3488:
3232:
3227:
3212:
1929:
30263:
14119:
7562:
6386:
6372:
for having helped 7 men to obtain 'Life Liberty, and Happiness.' SS Slave Saviour Northern Dist. SS Slave Stealer Southern Dist.
31845:
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30328:
30003:
28332:
28327:
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27969:
27932:
27879:
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26204:
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24810:
24747:
23090:
6153:
4698:
3207:
3192:
3099:
1035:
453:
32:
30173:
17587:
Tadman, M. (December 2000). "The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas".
14623:"Frontiersman or Southern Gentleman? Newspaper Coverage of Andrew Jackson during the 1828 Presidential Campaign | Readex"
14320:
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21360:(1). The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History: 18–25.
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13612:
13585:
13558:
13531:
13424:
13391:
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9948:
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3919:
3689:
3619:
3159:
2236:
2225:
2087:
2041:
2036:
2009:
1613:
1290:
1062:
17396:(March 1995). "Where is There Consensus among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions".
17348:(March 1995). "Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions".
16046:
7375:
in Louisiana, which was built on land that had formerly been plantations owned by hugely successful interstate slave trader
32093:
31676:
31380:
31352:
30591:
30399:
30368:
30298:
30158:
29732:
29320:
28807:
28785:
28238:
28223:
28087:
27996:
27991:
27925:
26386:
25822:
24822:
24563:
24508:
24490:
24329:
24172:
23799:
23764:
22536:, ed., Boston: John P. Jewett and Company, 1853. pp. 174–239. Available at the Documenting the American South website.
21281:
19439:
16448:
Reflections on the Project for forming a Colony of American Blacks in Africa, and certain Documents respecting that Project
14711:
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1979:
1805:
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1409:
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10818:
O'Malley, Gregory E. (2009). "Beyond the Middle Passage: Slave Migration from the Caribbean to North America, 1619–1807".
9545:
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30378:
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23519:
17071:
17044:
14877:
People Without Rights (Routledge Revivals): An Interpretation of the Fundamentals of the Law of Slavery in the U.S. South
14648:
13943:
A People's History of Florida 1513–1876. How Africans, Seminoles, Women, and Lower Class Whites Shaped the Sunshine State
10376:
7590:, New Orleans, La. The colored woman standing on the block was sold for $ 1500.00 on this same block when a little girl."
6257:
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1847:
1484:
1144:
995:
791:
700:
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9486:
Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia
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2108:
1867:
1561:
1315:
21483:
19286:"SAN FRANCISCO / Slavery in Gold Rush days / New discoveries prompt exhibition, re-examination of state's involvement"
19263:
12217:
10117:
5841:
Manumission papers of Phillis Murray, a black woman about 25 years old, signed by William Glasgow, December 31, 1833 (
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24044:
23719:
23634:
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22900:
Hilt, Eric. (2010). "Revisiting Time on the Cross After 45 Years: The Slavery Debates and the New Economic History."
22718:
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11270:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1999. pages=90 ("miraculous things"), 228 (property law status)
10923:
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7599:
7525:
Five-dollar banknote showing a plantation scene with enslaved people in South Carolina. Issued by the Planters Bank,
7449:
7014:
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5434:
5238:
5054:
4797:
4743:
4338:
3789:
3774:
2157:
1989:
1689:
1566:
990:
759:
626:
52:
22957:(December 2004). "Coming to Terms with Our Past, Part II: On the Morality and Politics of Reparations for Slavery".
22761:
19311:
17662:
12052:
Narrative of James Williams, an American slave: who was for several years a driver on a cotton plantation in Alabama
8208:
Evolution of the enslaved population of the United States as a percentage of the population of each state, 1790–1860
5334:
30323:
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26310:
26081:
24893:
24024:
23934:
23754:
23749:
23624:
23543:: a searchable database of 25,000 scholarly works on slavery and the slave trade in all western European languages.
23375:
22739:
22653:
18908:
18384:
18112:
18010:
Murray, John E.; Olmstead, Alan L.; Logan, Trevon D.; Pritchett, Jonathan B.; Rousseau, Peter L. (September 2015).
17793:
16881:
15177:
Prather, C.; Fuller, T. R.; Jeffries Wl, I. V.; Marshall, K. J.; Howell, A. V.; Belyue-Umole, A.; King, W. (2018).
15076:
10007:
7340:
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6018:
4955:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § American Revolution and Confederation period, 1776–1787
4908:
4693:
3794:
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3114:
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2077:
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1030:
1015:
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646:
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460:
316:
36:
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18089:
13916:
Hall, Robert L. (1995). "African Religious Retentions in Florida". In Colburn, David R.; Landers, Jane L. (eds.).
11996:
11885:
7936:; Lincoln kept a copy of this map in the White House and studied it often, using it to track Union troop movements
6210:, a branded slave from Louisiana—also exhibiting instruments of torture used to punish slaves (carte de visite by
1536:
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19552:, Transcribed by Tom Blake, April to July 2001, (updated October 2001 and December 2004; now includes 19 holders)
18869:
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3729:
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2754:
2681:
1815:
1586:
392:
24714:
22890:
Baker, Regina S. (2022) "The historical racial regime and racial inequality in poverty in the American south."
21524:
Knowles, Helen J. (August 2013). "Seeing the Light: Lysander Spooner's Increasingly Popular Constitutionalism".
20916:
Historians and Slavery; A Critical Analysis of Perspectives and Irony in American Slavery and Other Recent Works
14984:
Savitt, Todd (August 1982). "The Use of Blacks for Medical Experimentation and Demonstration in the Old South".
3628:
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23734:
23724:
23709:
23699:
23684:
23664:
23639:
23629:
23619:
21153:
Stampp, Kenneth M. "Interpreting the Slaveholders' World: a Review." Agricultural History 1970 44(4): 407–412,
20635:
18614:
17441:
Galenson, D.W. (March 1984). "The Rise and Fall of Indentured Servants in the Americas: An Economic Approach".
15807:
15226:
Bryc, Katarzyna; Durand, Eric Y.; Macpherson, J. Michael; Reich, David; Mountain, Joanna L. (January 8, 2015).
15148:
13656:
11976:
10501:"Tracing the lives and letters of the Black Loyalists – Part 1 The Journey to Sierra Leone - Untold lives blog"
10056:
9911:"More than 1,700 congressmen once enslaved Black people. This is who they were, and how they shaped the nation"
9643:
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3478:
3154:
3104:
1285:
1273:
853:
665:
311:
22519:
22337:
Tadman, Michael. "The Reputation of the Slave Trader in Southern History and the Social Memory of the South",
13683:
13252:
Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619–1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass
12910:
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27648:
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23824:
23729:
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23614:
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23393:
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22481:
22308:
Stuckey, P. Sterling. "Reflections on the Scholarship of African Origins and Influence in American Slavery",
20871:
20227:
18602:
13364:
12060:
9744:
Slaves were considered personal property in all slave states except Louisiana, which deemed them real estate.
9612:
6794:
5954:
5880:
5576:
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4703:
4688:
4490:
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2686:
2320:
2187:
1857:
1640:
501:
22565:. 19 vols. Greenwood Publishing Company, 1972. Collection of WPA interviews made in the 1930s with ex-slaves
17689:"Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions"
17527:"Where Is There Consensus Among American Economic Historians? The Results of a Survey on Forty Propositions"
16423:
An Inquiry Into the Character and Tendency of the American Colonization, and American Anti-slavery Societies
7603:"Fugitive Negroes, fording Rappahannock river following Pope's retreat, Aug. 1862" (New York Public Library)
7326:' old Senate seat, worked to realize the lofty goals of the abolitionists through Congressional legislation
5350:
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23104:
19154:
Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South
17787:
17176:
Acharya, Avidit; Blackwell, Matthew; Sen, Maya (May 19, 2016). "The Political Legacy of American Slavery".
16681:
16445:
15333:. Blackwell readers in American social and cultural history (2. ed.). Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.
14059:
14002:
13967:
13188:"In 'They Were Her Property,' a historian shows that white women were deeply involved in the slave economy"
11945:
9623:
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6829:
5382:
5228:
5143:
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4115:
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3197:
3089:
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2325:
1862:
1706:
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1237:
1005:
545:
513:
195:
122:
27:
This article is about slavery from the founding of the United States in 1776. For the colonial period, see
25194:
19984:
The Failure of Popular Sovereignty: Slavery, Manifest Destiny, and the Radicalization of Southern Politics
18903:
5063:
Arguments for and against slavery caused ongoing conflict during the first 89 years of the United States (
232:
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19331:
The Civil War Era and Reconstruction: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural and Economic History
18523:
17443:
17398:
12402:
Loveland, Anne C. (1966). "Evangelicalism and "Immediate Emancipation" in American Antislavery Thought".
7352:
transitioned effortlessly from being a slave trader before the war to using convict labor on his farm on
6952:
6945:
6710:
6517:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Election of 1860 to the Battle of Fort Sumter
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5579:
in 1842 for introducing anti-slavery resolution deemed to be incendiary, and in violation of the House's
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1872:
1596:
1514:
641:
422:
242:
71:
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22477:
Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk About Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Emancipation
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19708:
19542:
18659:
16827:
The Enemy in Our Hands: America's Treatment of Prisoners of War from the Revolution to the War on Terror
16421:
15539:
Letters on American slavery, addressed to Mr. Thomas Rankin, merchant at Middlebrook, Augusta County, Va
9421:
Sketches of enslaved Americans in Richmond and Charleston, made by British artist Eyre Crowe, March 1853
7345:
5642:
The shipping news in Charleston in December 1805 included 900 newly imported enslaved Africans from the
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24262:
24208:
24177:
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24106:
23819:
23774:
23674:
23508:
23170:
My Folks Don't Want Me to Talk about Slavery: Twenty-One Oral Histories of Former North Carolina Slaves
22959:
22767:
22546:
20508:
19693:
18878:
18798:
18607:"Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution"
18270:
17820:
17589:
16427:
15533:
12699:
12656:
11894:
11437:
de Tocqueville, Alexise (2007). "Chapter XVIII: Future Condition Of Three Races In The United States".
11286:
A key to Uncle Tom's cabin: presenting the original facts and documents upon which the story is founded
9663:
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2167:
1781:
1633:
1618:
1509:
705:
375:
22469:
21729:
21670:
21473:—— (Winter 2000). "Garrison's Constitution: The Covenant with Death and How It Was Made".
21240:
20946:
20907:
20895:
20878:
20549:
20464:
20321:
20080:
19976:
19852:
18110:
Alan L. Olmstead; Paul W. Rhode (January 2018). "Cotton, slavery, and the new history of capitalism".
14949:
Kenney, Stephen (March 2015). "Power, opportunism, racism: Human experiments under American slavery".
12153:
10465:, Jamestown Settlement and American Revolution Museum at Yorktown website. Retrieved October 21, 2020.
7579:
6513:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Compromise of 1850 to the Election of 1860
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26650:
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25766:
25531:
24815:
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24247:
22041:
21795:
20696:
20664:
20469:
19699:
19502:"The number of people in the average U.S. household is going up for the first time in over 160 years"
18598:
18431:
18258:
15945:
15802:
15228:"The Genetic Ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States"
14928:
13286:
13004:
11972:
11161:
7526:
7287:
7058:
6769:
6753:
6123:
6047:
5799:
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5517:
5021:
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3390:
3134:
3094:
2383:
1877:
1776:
1307:
1295:
885:
858:
363:
25309:
23343:. First published in 1842. See Louise H. Johnson, "The Source of the Chapter on Slavery in Dickens'
23124:
Before Freedom When I Just Can Remember: Twenty-seven Oral Histories of Former South Carolina Slaves
21656:
People Without Rights: An Interpretation of the Fundamentals of the Law of Slavery in the U.S. South
20598:
20296:
18426:
The Political Economy of the Cotton South: Households, Markets, and Wealth in the Nineteenth Century
18310:
David, Paul A., Herbert G. Gutman, Richard Sutch, and Peter Temin. "Reckoning with slavery." (1985).
17710:
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31746:
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25491:
25030:
24188:
22668:
22364:
20186:
18469:
17828:
16699:
15973:
Paludan, Phillip Shaw (Summer 2006). "Lincoln and Negro Slavery: I Haven't Got Time for the Pain".
13463:
12963:
12771:
11890:
11118:
I provides in part: "Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states
10067:
9720:
9454:
The percentage of families that owned slaves in 1860 in various groupings of states was as follows:
7100:
7096:
6817:
6730:
6705:
6670:
6645:
6103:
6085:
5580:
5410:
5355:
4495:
4365:
4350:
4197:
2969:
2749:
2596:
2480:
2254:
2135:
1963:
1657:
1526:
1079:
868:
353:
254:
165:
43:
25286:
22725:
22447:
22430:
22209:
22161:
Frey, Sylvia R. "The Visible Church: Historiography of African American Religion since Raboteau",
21953:
21846:
Masters, Slaves, & Subjects: The Culture of Power in the South Carolina Low Country, 1740–1790
20574:
20420:
Fruits of Merchant Capital: Slavery and Bourgeois Property in the Rise and Expansion of Capitalism
19467:
15789:
Some Enchanted Evening on the Auction Block: The Cultural Legacy of the New Orleans Quadroon Balls
13831:
11824:
11337:
6060:
5531:
Establishing the Northwest Territory as free soil – no slavery – by
4959:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Early Constitutional period, 1787–1811
533:
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21290:
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20176:
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Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II
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937:
368:
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Exposing Slavery: Photography, Human Bondage, and the Birth of Modern Visual Politics in America
21715:
Forced Founders: Indians, Debtors, Slaves, and the Making of the American Revolution in Virginia
21158:
20058:
19358:
A Peculiar Place for the Peculiar Institution: Slavery and Sovereignty in Early Territorial Utah
18496:
Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1968 edition edited by
16363:
14088:
13892:
The Slumbering Volcano: American Slave Ship Revolts and the Production of Rebellious Masculinity
13851:, whom they saw as potential leaders of rebellions and people who encouraged slaves to run away.
13416:
13383:
11073:
10976:
Keith L. Dougherty, and Jac C. Heckelman. "Voting on slavery at the Constitutional Convention."
7930:
Map showing the distribution of the slave population of the southern states of the United States
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A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation
22218:
20450:
The Birth of Black America: The First African Americans and the Pursuit of Freedom at Jamestown
20415:
20282:
The Black Image in the White Mind: The Debate on Afro-American Character and Destiny, 1817–1914
18781:
Anstey, Roger (1975). "The Volume and Profitability of the British Slave Trade, 1675–1800". In
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15543:
15537:
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7732:
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5998:"Only think of it!—There is actually a scheme on foot for transporting to the shores of Africa
5678:"Song of the Coffle Gang" is one of only two pieces of music in the 1845 abolitionist songbook
5481:
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190:
at age 100; "an overseer doing his duty" (1798); refugees from American slavery who settled in
173:
23447:
22232:
Laurie, Bruce. "Workers, Abolitionists, and the Historians: A Historiographical Perspective",
21853:
From Slavery to Agrarian Capitalism in the Cotton Plantation South, Central Georgia, 1800–1880
21059:
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Against brutal (often physically brutal) opposition from the whites of the late rebel states,
5362:, and at 54, 58, 68, and 78 Barrone represented but a slim fraction of the trade in the city (
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Slavery and Class in the American South: A Generation of Slave Narrative Testimony, 1840–1865
21769:
Slavery in the Cherokee Nation: The Keetoowah Society and the Defining of a People, 1855–1867
21564:
Maltz, Earl M. (October 1992). "Slavery, Federalism, and the Structure of the Constitution".
21302:
A Slaveholders' Union: Slavery, Politics, and the Constitution in the Early American Republic
20277:
18794:
18551:
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17859:
15859:"They were once America's cruelest, richest slave traders. Why does no one know their names?"
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Logan, Trevon D. (2022) "American Enslavement and the Recovery of Black Economic History."
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22455:
Families and Freedom: A Documentary History of African-American Kinship in the Civil War Era
22265:
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History of the Underground Railroad: In Chester and the Neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania
15949:
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Faces of the Revolution: Personalities and Themes in the Struggle for American Independence,
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Interpreting Southern History: Historiographical Essays in Honor of Sanford W. Higginbotham
21489:
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19098:"From '20. and odd' to 10 million: the growth of the slave population in the United States"
18463:
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11209:"From '20. and odd' to 10 million: the growth of the slave population in the United States"
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23465:, summaries, lesson plans, documents and illustrations for schools; focus on United States
20438:
American Abolitionism: Its Direct Political Impact from Colonial Times into Reconstruction
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19006:
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15646:"The Slave Trader, the White Slave, and the Politics of Racial Determination in the 1850s"
15510:
Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. and the Atlantic World. Slave Trader, Plantation Owner, Emancipator
12126:
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General Rufus Putnam: George Washington's Chief Military Engineer and the "Father of Ohio"
8:
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The Greatest Slave Rebellion in Modern History: Southern Slaves in the American Civil War
20769:
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17231:"Destined for Democracy? Labour Markets and Political Change in Colonial British America"
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Original caption: "Negro going in colored entrance of movie house on Saturday afternoon,
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1231–1249, examined historical and sociological studies since the influential 1982 book
21932:
Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the Stono Rebellion
19569:"Boundaries and Opportunities: Comparing Slave Family Formation in the Antebellum South"
19461:
17318:"P.J. Porcher and Baya slave sale broadside - Lowcountry Digital Library Catalog Search"
17317:
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10753:
Creating Black Americans: African-American History and Its Meanings, 1619 to the Present
7252: Territory incorporated into the U.S. after the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment
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Hettle, Wallace. "White Society in the Old South: The Literary Evidence Reconsidered",
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The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South
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basin—were purchased at a Portuguese-run African slave market in 1858 for an estimated
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Before Freedom: Forty-Eight Oral Histories of Former North & South Carolina Slaves
23097:
Goings, Henry (2012). Schermerhorn, Calvin; Plunkett, Michael; Gaynor, Edward (eds.).
22948:
21599:(Autumn 1987). "The Unholy Trinity: Freedom, Slavery, and the American Constitution".
21352:
David, C. W. A. (January 1924). "The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and its Antecedents".
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The River Flows On: Black Resistance, Culture, and Identity Formation in Early America
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Baker, H. Robert (2012). "The Fugitive Slave Clause and the Antebellum Constitution".
10091:
7494:: Ward Lee, Tucker Henderson, and Romeo—born Cilucängy, Pucka Gaeta, and Tahro in the
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Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § Colonial period, 1607–1775
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Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680–1800
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Major Problems in African-American History: From Freedom to "Freedom Now", 1865–1990s
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The making of a racist: a southerner reflects on family, history, and the slave trade
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13091:"Jan. 17, 1834 | Alabama Legislature Bans Free Black People from Living in the State"
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11137:"Interview: James Oliver Horton: Exhibit Reveals History of Slavery in New York City"
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7186: Gradual emancipation in New York (starting 1799) and New Jersey (starting 1804)
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Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, Interviews, and Autobiographies
22294:
Sidbury, James. "Globalization, Creolization, and the Not-So-Peculiar Institution",
21427:
20502:
20484:
19622:
The Myth of the Lost Cause: Why the South Fought the Civil War and Why the North Won
19603:
17262:
16857:
Confederate Emancipation: Southern Plans to Free and Arm Slaves during the Civil War
16400:"Slaves Are Prohibited to Read and Write by Law | North Carolina Law (1830-31)"
14962:
10868:, pp. 1–4, 105–106, McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, 2020.
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25907:
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23859:
23442:"Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936 to 1938"
23281:
23016:
22992:
22968:
22909:
22895:
22525:
22504:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (Written by Himself)
21573:
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17289:
17278:"The Long Shadow of Slavery: The Persistence of Slave Owners in Southern Lawmaking"
17242:
17195:
17010:
16750:
16126:
15982:
15879:
15659:
15384:
The delectable Negro: human consumption and homoeroticism within U.S. slave culture
15301:
15291:
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14993:
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14692:
14536:
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13255:
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13016:
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12780:
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12301:
pp. 1–3, 14–15, 24, 29–30, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, and London, 2020.
11650:
11608:
11333:
11236:
11220:
11173:
11047:
10999:
10892:
The Pioneers: The Heroic Story of the Settlers Who Brought the American Ideal West,
10838:
10531:
Black Patriots and Loyalists: Fighting for Emancipation in the War for Independence
9687:
9440:
7583:
7356:
near Memphis after the war (glass copy negative, Library of Congress LC-BH821-3061)
7318:, and black representatives elected by newly enfranchised former slaves, including
7311:
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19568:
19113:
16999:"Taking Profits, Making Myths: The Slave Trading Career of Nathan Bedford Forrest"
16800:
Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. Volume 7 [Nov. 5, 1863-Sept. 12, 1864]
14499:
Tadman, Michael (September 18, 2012). Smith, Mark M.; Paquette, Robert L. (eds.).
13020:
13005:"Trouble the water: The Baltimore to New Orleans coastwise slave trade, 1820–1860"
11854:
11412:
11224:
11177:
7849:
6531:
5559:, the highest court in Massachusetts. (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts)
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27479:
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)
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23098:
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22873:
A Hard Hight for We: Women's Transition from Slavery to Freedom in South Carolina
22624:
22618:
22533:
22426:
22190:
22000:
21206:
The Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Remade the Constitution
21186:
20723:
20473:
In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period.
20383:
20049:
19880:
19549:
19487:
19443:
19388:
19329:
18832:
18786:
18753:
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17491:
16813:
James McPherson, "Drawn With the Sword", from the article "Who Freed the Slaves?"
16716:
16550:
16492:
16467:"The Utah Territory Slave Code (1852) – The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed"
16291:
16047:"Slaves and the Courts, 1740–1860 Slave code for the District of Columbia, 1860."
16000:
15906:"Without the Civil War, who knows when Lexington's slave trade might have ended?"
15424:
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1449:
1419:
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1137:
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818:
523:
269:
169:
23206:
We Lived in a Little Cabin in the Yard: Personal Accounts of Slavery in Virginia
21679:
Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland During the Nineteenth Century
20814:
19435:
19043:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
19007:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18941:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" The Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18356:
The Wanderer: the last American slave ship and the conspiracy that set its sails
17663:"Historical Demographic, Economic and Social Data: the United States, 1790–1970"
16916:. The White House. June 17, 2021. Archived from the original on February 4, 2023
16064:
15164:
In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process. The Colonial Period
12537:
Opposing the Slavers. The Royal Navy's Campaign against the Atlantic Slave Trade
11654:
9439:
holders of 500 or more slaves have been identified. The largest slaveholder was
5409:
Wanted to reintroduce slavery in the Northern states, through federal action or
5317:
30992:
30940:
30779:
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25109:
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24593:
24548:
24543:
24538:
23559:
23227:
22684:
22222:
22003:"The American Civil War, Emancipation, and Reconstruction on the World Stage,"
21900:
Rearing Wolves to Our Own Destruction: Slavery in Richmond, Virginia, 1782–1865
21764:
21438:
21295:
The Crooked Path to Abolition: Abraham Lincoln and the Antislavery Constitution
21246:
21065:
21046:
20804:
Scott, Daryl Michael (2020). "The Social and Intellectual Origins of 13thism".
20119:
20085:
18681:
18594:
18460:"Volume I, Chapter XVIII: Future Condition Of Three Races In The United States"
17684:
17522:
17393:
17345:
16008:
15296:
15244:
14696:
14671:
14578:
14073:
12631:"Seeger Tribute: Pete, Mike and Peggy Seeger with the Short Sisters in concert"
11900:
9682:
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7903:
7865:
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6675:
6493:
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5911:
5811:
5743:
5647:
5613:
5521:
5413:
making slavery legal nationwide, thus overriding state anti-slavery laws. (See
5312:
5037:
5017:
4683:
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4283:
3966:
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3724:
3468:
2893:
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2621:
2611:
2442:
1894:
1788:
680:
321:
279:
22289:
Eighty-Eight Years: The Long Death of Slavery in the United States, 1777–1865.
22017:. "American Slavery in History and Memory and the Search for Social Justice",
21537:
21410:
21393:
18925:
18887:
18536:
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17996:
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15582:
14688:
Honor, Control, and Powerlessness: Plantation Whipping in the Antebellum South
14120:"272 Slaves Were Sold to Save Georgetown. What Does It Owe Their Descendants?"
12964:"Slave Revolt of 1842 | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture"
11051:
6251:
4999:
This postage stamp, which was created at the time of the Bicentennial, honors
4963:
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23254:
22972:
22793:
American Inheritance: Liberty and Slavery in the Birth of a Nation, 1765–1795
22736:
New Directions in Slavery Studies: Commodification, Community, and Comparison
22558:
22214:
21928:
21441:(April 2011). "Slavery, the Constitution, and the Origins of the Civil War".
21024:
20555:
19587:
19380:
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13028:
12696:"Potomac Books – University of Nebraska Press – University of Nebraska Press"
12518:
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11724:
11463:
11302:
11232:
11185:
11011:
10767:"An interview with historian Gordon Wood on the New York Times' 1619 Project"
10556:
10395:
7870:
7757:
7393:
An industrial school set up for ex-slaves in Richmond during Reconstruction (
7336:
7198: Effective abolition of slavery by Mexican or joint US/British authority
6981:
6961:
6845:
6607:
6483:
6364:
This Daguerreotype was taken by Southworth Aug. 1845 it is a copy of Captain
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570:
220:
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23546:
23432:
21454:
21255:. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research.
19744:
A Deplorable Scarcity: The Failure of Industrialization in the Slave Economy
19356:
18974:""Don't Let Nobody Bother Yo' Principle" Sexual Economy of American Slavery"
18862:"Economic History, Historical Analysis, and the "New History of Capitalism""
13968:"Alexandria to New Orleans: The Human Tragedy of the Interstate Slave Trade"
13756:
The Final Victims: Foreign Slave Trade to North America, 1783–1810, Volume 2
13339:"Historians and the extent of slave ownership in the Southern United States"
11524:"The Confederacy was about preserving slavery. The proof? It's on the money"
11310:
7146:
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22614:
22590:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
22393:
22123:
21820:
21710:
21323:
After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina During Reconstruction, 1861–1877
21310:
20922:
20912:
20579:
20143:
20007:
The Notorious Triangle: Rhode Island and the African Slave Trade, 1700–1807
19764:
19739:
19719:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
19595:
19139:
18473:
18419:
18379:
18175:"What Fraction of Antebellum US National Product did the Enslaved Produce?"
17783:
17755:
The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery And The Making Of American Capitalism
16913:
President Biden Signs the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act Into Law
16712:
16441:
15738:
15315:
15263:
15212:
15013:
14970:
13840:
13732:
Finkelman, Paul (2004). "Suppressing American Slave Traders in the 1790s".
13335:
A discussion on the total number of Slave holding families can be found in
12731:
12670:
12509:
Finkelman, Paul (2004). "Suppressing American Slave Traders in the 1790s".
12438:
11250:
10151:
7811:
7786:
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7319:
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808:
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744:
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609:
326:
306:
284:
274:
264:
259:
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187:
23308:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography, Volume II, 1992–1996
22913:
22432:
Free at Last: A Documentary History of Slavery, Freedom, and the Civil War
19543:
The Sixteen Largest American Slaveholders from 1860 Slave Census Schedules
18235:
17670:
17014:
16972:
The Ragged Road to Abolition; Slavery and Freedom in New Jersey, 1775–1865
15764:
Balancing Evils Judiciously: The Proslavery Writings of Zephaniah Kingsley
15194:
14686:
12454:
11395:"THE EXCUSE OF PATERNALISM IN THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH: IDEOLOGY OR PRACTICE?"
10960:
pp. 1-3, 26, 74-5, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 2020.
10012:
National Constitution Center – The 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution
9816:
by Peter H. Wood with permission from Oxford University Press. 1996, 2003.
7174: Abolition of slavery during or shortly after the American Revolution
7169:
Abolition of slavery in the various states of the United States over time:
6234:
on March 10, 1853, of 96 people who had previously been enslaved near the
4922:
Image marketing 18th-century tobacco produced by enslaved laborers in the
1089:
30501:
29539:
29519:
29182:
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28948:
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24852:
24754:
24568:
24518:
24198:
24091:
24086:
23371:
23287:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography, Volume I, 1900–1991
22731:
22593:
22539:——, Collected Articles of Frederick Douglass, A Slave (Project Gutenberg)
21176:
21116:(4). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 563–584.
21028:
20370:
20110:
Slavery, Law, and Politics: The Dred Scott Case in Historical Perspective
19481:
Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870
18715:
18555:
18515:
18223:
18066:
17932:
Wright, Gavin (2020). "Slavery and Anglo-American capitalism revisited".
17901:
17884:
17759:
17137:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 244–245.
17072:"La. voters keep 'slavery' at Angola prison, once and still a plantation"
16949:
15547:
14223:
13218:
They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South
13160:
They Were Her Property: White Women as Slave Owners in the American South
12823:(50th Anniversary ed.), New York: International Publishers, p.
12242:
pp. 1–3, Bartholomew Green & John Allen, Boston, Massachusetts, 1700.
12056:
10698:
The Battle of Negro Fort. The rise and fall of a fugitive slave community
9940:
Africana: the encyclopedia of the African and African American experience
9550:
9497:
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas
7898:
7886:
7828:
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7765:
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1679:
1667:
1020:
823:
813:
771:
585:
22317:
22303:
22282:
22255:
22107:
Complicity: How the North Promoted, Prolonged, and Profited from Slavery
22100:
22061:
21634:
On Slavery's Border: Missouri's Small Slaveholding Households, 1815–1865
21617:
21612:
21558:
21545:
21467:
21462:
21419:
19816:
Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America
19366:
18606:
18397:
16889:
15618:
Transatlantic spectacles of race: the tragic mulatta and the tragic muse
13144:
12274:"The House Censured Rashida Tlaib for Political Speech Plain and Simple"
12035:
11958:
11394:
9909:
Weil, Julie Zauzmer; Blanco, Adrian; Dominguez, Leo (January 10, 2022).
7925:
6930:
4995:
4972:, watercolor attributed to John Rose, possibly painted 1785–1795 in the
4938:
4899:
For the related topic of indentured servitude in the United States, see
31884:
30759:
30521:
29722:
29717:
29136:
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28958:
28667:
28586:
28566:
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26745:
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26116:
26065:
26001:
25728:
25603:
25516:
25500:
25408:
25157:
24451:
24399:
22831:
The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America
22418:
22217:. "American Historians and Antebellum Southern Slavery, 1959–1984", in
22184:
22086:
22026:
22014:
21518:
21513:
21432:
21386:
21373:
21201:
21148:
21129:
21102:
21089:
20982:
20182:
19789:
19211:
18405:
17727:
17610:
17565:
17419:
17371:
16146:
16059:
15671:
15645:
15005:
14864:
The Mark of Slavery: Disability, Race, and Gender in Antebellum America
14556:
13836:
13330:
13299:
13282:
A history of the descendants of the slaves of Cherokee can be found at
12792:
12630:
12616:
12581:
12423:
12020:
Nye, Russel B. (Summer 1946). "The Slave Power Conspiracy: 1830–1860".
10672:
The American Promise, Volume I: To 1877: A History of the United States
10423:
pp. 95, 300–303, 305, 308–310, Crown Publishing Group, New York, 2017.
9427:
7878:
7874:
7853:
7832:
7798:
7092:
7072:
6940:
graphic, advocating a confederation of slave states, with a quote from
6543:
seeking to buy slaves to resell in the lucrative the New Orleans market
6343:
5922:
5662:
cloth, which was traded for "prime negroes" in regions of Africa where
5099:
5000:
4238:
4228:
4213:
4169:
4137:
4086:
3956:
2292:
2031:
1827:
1124:
828:
695:
27414:
Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
24335:
22851:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
21590:
21585:
21014:
20961:
Cohen, William (1969). "Thomas Jefferson and the Problem of Slavery".
20798:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
17945:
17855:
The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860
16998:
16798:
16359:
History of Education in India under the rule of the East India Company
14759:
Slaves Waiting for Sale: Abolitionist Art and the American Slave Trade
14295:
5735:
31148:
29331:
29146:
27692:
27538:
27043:
26827:
26765:
26660:
23536:
22758:
Emancipating New York: The politics of slavery and freedom, 1777–1827
22091:
Dirck, Brian. "Changing Perspectives on Lincoln, Race, and Slavery,"
21214:
Dark Bargain: Slavery, Profits, and the Struggle for the Constitution
20840:
Speculators and Slaves: Masters, Traders, and Slaves in the Old South
20774:
Encyclopedia of Emancipation and Abolition in the Transatlantic World
14235:
14227:
13128:
12884:
American Uprising: The Untold Story of America's Largest Slave Revolt
12322:
pp. 206, 208–209, 210, The Beacon Press, Boston, Massachusetts, 1947.
12115:
Emancipating New York: The politics of slavery and freedom, 1777-1827
12090:
Encyclopedia of Emancipation and Abolition in the Transatlantic World
11825:"Report on the Diseases and Physical Peculiarities of the Negro Race"
7045:
6499:
Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Henry Bibb, An American Slave
5659:
5655:
5527:
5505:
5186:
Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War § 1812 1849
4450:
4445:
4435:
4258:
4248:
4164:
4153:
4026:
3517:
2858:
2591:
2370:
2197:
1072:
737:
599:
26339:
23453:
23407:
22650:
Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development
21779:
On the Threshold of Freedom: Masters and Slaves in Civil War Georgia
21505:
21365:
21315:
No Property in Man: Slavery and Antislavery at the Nation's Founding
21121:
21081:
21049:(2001). "The Founders and Slavery: Little Ventured, Little Gained".
20974:
17789:
Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development
17602:
16130:
15762:
Kingsley, Zephaniah Jr.; Stowell, Daniel W. (2000). "Introduction".
15663:
15359:
Sexuality and slavery: reclaiming intimate histories in the Americas
14997:
14540:
13452:"Interesting ante-bellum laws of the Cherokee, now Oklahoma history"
13322:
12784:
12608:
12573:
12439:"American Rum, African Consumers, and the Transatlantic Slave Trade"
12415:
11637:
9777:
Passionate Liberator. Theodore Dwight Weld and the Dilemma of Reform
9629:
Historiography of the United States § Slavery and black history
9535:
Historiography of the United States § Slavery and black history
5271:
One of the many defenses of American slavery was that the imagined "
754:
31153:
28165:
28160:
27670:
25883:
25567:
25525:
25022:
23525:
American Capitalism Is Brutal. You Can Trace That to the Plantation
23474:
23450:, audio interviews of former slaves, 1932–1975, Library of Congress
22066:
Campbell, Gwyn. "Children and slavery in the new world: A review",
21800:
American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia
21577:
21006:
20535:
The Black Presence in the Era of the American Revolution, 1770–1800
20090:
Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life.
18917:
18628:
18571:
18465:
Democracy in America: The Complete and Unabridged, Volumes I and II
17988:
17199:
16296:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. pp. 648–649.
13848:
12935:
12127:
J. D. B. DeBow, Superintendent of the United States Census (1854).
11783:
11781:
10368:
9840:
9838:
7761:
7222: Subsequent operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863
7152:
First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln
5994:
5424:" already, would allegedly have better lives if they were enslaved.
5285:
4455:
4273:
4157:
4149:
4125:
4120:
3859:
2903:
2828:
2821:
1662:
1220:
1164:
1116:
776:
621:
476:
382:
179:
from Virginia to Tennessee; freedmen leaving South Carolina on the
151:
27429:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
24638:
23048:
22689:
Slavery and the Founders: Race and Liberty in the Age of Jefferson
22371:. Oxford University Press, 1991. Primary sources with commentary.
21825:
Freedom by Degrees: Emancipation in Pennsylvania and Its Aftermath
21690:
Drift Toward Dissolution: The Virginia Slavery Debate of 1831–1832
21252:
Slavery and Its Consequences: The Constitution, Equality, and Race
21134:
20987:
20880:
The Sources of Antislavery Constitutionalism in America, 1760–1848
20213:
Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad
20147:
Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery
16603:
The Slave Power: The Free North and Southern Domination, 1780–1860
16577:
The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics
16552:
The Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics
15426:
The American Slave Coast: A History of the Slave-Breeding Industry
15280:"Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans"
14600:
13861:
6070:
based on a sketch made 1853 while visiting the United States with
5294:
4476:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
82:
29151:
28893:
28617:
28536:
28427:
26782:
25953:
23085:. Boston and New York: Mariner Books, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
22921:"Searching for Climax: Black Erotic Lives in Slavery and Freedom"
21019:
20728:
The Worlds of Unfree Labour: From Indentured Servitude to Slavery
19243:"Chapter V: Slave Population of the United States (through 1850)"
17885:"Slavery and the Rise of the Nineteenth-Century American Economy"
15721:
Birthing a Slave: Motherhood and Medicine in the Antebellum South
14219:
13844:
13772:
The Slave Trade. The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: 1440–1870
9694:
8214:
Total Slave Population in U.S., 1790–1860, by State and Territory
6302:, a 70-year-old physician, placed an unusually long and detailed
3884:
3879:
3854:
2991:
2297:
1645:
727:
407:
224:
28673:
25839:
Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States
22678:
22077:
Collins, Bruce. "Review: American Slavery and Its Consequences"
21736:
Cultivating Race: The Expansion of Slavery in Georgia, 1750–1860
20585:(1979), social history of how slavery ended in the Confederacy.
18382:(Summer 1987). "The Economic Revolution in the American South".
18259:"King Cotton; a historical and statistical review, 1790 to 1908"
15176:
13523:
Cultivating Race: The Expansion of Slavery in Georgia, 1750–1860
12741:
Rough Crossings: Britain, the Slaves and the American Revolution
12595:
Hopkins, Geraldine (June 1931). "A Rare Abolitionist Document".
12196:
12194:
11778:
11294:
10939:
Vol. I, p. 110, Tomas Nelson, Inc., Nashville, Tennessee, 2006.
10582:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 63.
9835:
7246: Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. constitution, 18 Dec 1865
7216: Emancipation Proclamation as originally issued, 1 Jan 1863
142:
31951:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
29119:
28404:
27616:
25915:
23513:
23500:
22475:——; Favreau, Marc; Miller, Steven F., eds. (1998).
21273:
A Necessary Evil?: Slavery and the Debate over the Constitution
21139:
Ransom, Roger L. "Was It Really All That Great to Be a Slave?"
15836:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. pp. 87–88.
15382:
Woodard, Vincent; Joyce, Justin A.; McBride, Dwight A. (2014).
15361:. Gender and slavery. Athens, Ga: University of Georgia Press.
10886:
10884:
10882:
10860:
10858:
10856:
10442:
Killing England: The Brutal Struggle for American Independence,
10146:. Williamsburg: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission.
9997:, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press (2009), p. 80.
9569:
7882:
7228: Abolition of slavery by state action during the Civil War
7027:
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War
6203:
5929:
5547:
2898:
1347:
1169:
749:
732:
594:
429:
397:
176:
25775:
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
22987:
Naidu, S. (2020). "American slavery and labour market power."
22772:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
20821:
The Power to Die: Slavery and Suicide in British North America
20513:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
20030:
Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World
19838:
Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South
19794:
Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves
17825:
River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom
14585:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. p. 154.
10229:
pp. 105–106, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
10049:
Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves
9848:
Slavery and Plantation Growth in Antebellum Florida, 1821–1860
7506: (equivalent to $ 35,215 in 2023) (Charles J. Montgomery,
6270:
Enslaved women's resistance in the United States and Caribbean
6077:
5147:
also depicts a man believed to be Washington's enslaved valet
111:
28832:
27428:
23955:
Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
23448:"Voices Remembering Slavery: Freed People Tell Their Stories"
23209:
23127:
22398:
Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems About Slavery, 1660–1810
22044:. "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery",
20066:
Death or Liberty: African Americans and Revolutionary America
19885:
The American Crucible: Slavery, Emancipation and Human Rights
19156:, p. 29. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, 1998.
18109:
18087:
16643:
The Impending Crisis: America Before the Civil War, 1848–1861
15484:"America's Breeding Farms: What History Books Never Told You"
14649:"The Realities of Slavery: To the Editor of the N.Y. Tribune"
13162:. New Haven London: Yale University Press. pp. 37, 134.
12191:
12075:
The First Emancipation: The Abolition of Slavery in the North
10910:
10908:
7753:
7613:
Slaves trafficked to the British colonies and United States:
5731:
Slavery in the colonial United States § Slave rebellions
5196:
Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
4475:
2671:
604:
590:
565:
29673:
24902:
Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park
22675:
Chained to History: Slavery and US Foreign Relations to 1865
20515:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
20351:
Water from the Rock: Black Resistance in a Revolutionary Age
19818:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
19796:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
19195:"The Cartography of Slavery and the Authority of Statistics"
18009:
14238:
had fallen to just 10% of the national total. Berlin p. 166.
14155:"A Glimpse Into the Life of a Slave Sold to Save Georgetown"
13220:. New Haven London: Yale University Press. pp. xv–xvi.
12560:
Bonham, Milledge L. (1921). "A Rare Abolitionist Document".
12055:. Authentic narrative of James Williams, an American slave.
10879:
10853:
10580:
Water From the Rock: Black Resistance in a Revolutionary Age
10305:
Major General Israel Putnam: Hero of the American Revolution
9851:. Gainesville: University of Florida Press. pp. 44–46.
6012:
3695:
Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
29141:
29131:
27473:
23478:
22174:
Southern Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the South
22135:
Deliver Us from Evil. The Slavery Question in the Old South
17476:
17474:
16162:"Pray with Our Lady of Stono to heal the wounds of slavery"
13631:
The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas
12859:
12474:
12472:
11330:
Deliver Us from Evil: The Slavery Question in the Old South
8211:
7939:
7516:
6252:
Sexual abuse, reproductive exploitation, and breeding farms
2701:
471:
301:
20830:
The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South
20656:
American Negro Slavery and Abolition: A Sociological Study
20648:, Merril D. Smith (Ed.), Greenwood Publishing Group, 2004.
20191:
Forever Free: The Story of Emancipation and Reconstruction
20162:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
18298:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
15408:
Slavery and Rice Culture in Low Country Georgia, 1750-1860
14925:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
14922:
14384:. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press. pp.
11803:
Look Away!: A History of the Confederate States of America
10905:
5178:
List of court cases in the United States involving slavery
5048:
23237:
Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself
22369:
The House of Bondage Or Charlotte Brooks and Other Slaves
20594:
North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790–1860
19860:
Slavery and Freedom in the Age of the American Revolution
16321:
16256:
16254:
16252:
16250:
15276:
15225:
14842:
Black Saga: The African American Experience: A Chronology
14271:
Language, Discourse and Power in African American Culture
14096:
12218:"Massachusetts Constitution and the Abolition of Slavery"
11763:
11729:
10894:
pp. 11, 13, 29–30, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2019.
9943:. Internet Archive. New York : Basic Civitas Books.
6492:
Allegorical liberation of a slave entering a free state,
5667:
5587:
4985:
Slaves and free blacks who supported the Continental Army
42:"Peculiar institution" redirects here. For the book, see
29067:
Plantation agriculture in the Southeastern United States
25751:
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
23368:
Calls and Responses: The American Novel of Slavery Since
22195:
Unfinished Business: Racial Equality in American History
22179:
King, Richard H. "Review: Marxism and the Slave South",
20750:
Slavery in the Structure of American Politics, 1765–1820
19972:
Slavery and the Constitution. Both Sides of the Question
19089:
17471:
16590:
The Liberty Line: The Legend of the Underground Railroad
15386:. Sexual cultures. New York: New York University Press.
13380:
Slavery and the Evolution of Cherokee Society, 1540–1866
12469:
11687:
The California Gold Rush and the Coming of the Civil War
10358:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. p. 205.
9639:
Lists of United States public officials who owned slaves
7537:
Soils of the cotton-growing regions of the United States
7240: Operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1865
7234: Operation of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1864
7210: Abolition of slavery by Congressional action, 1862
7204: Abolition of slavery by Congressional action, 1861
5832:
23005:(1995). "The Archaeology of Slavery in North America".
22919:
Lindsey, Treva B.; Johnson, Jessica Marie (Fall 2014).
22234:
Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas
22227:
A Master's Due: Essays in Honor of David Herbert Donald
19746:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
19459:
18593:
17517:
17515:
17340:
17338:
16741:
Lincoln's letter to O. H. Browning, September 22, 1861.
16388:. Richmond: William F. Ritchie. 1849. pp. 747–748.
15884:
National Museum of African-American History and Culture
15697:
Finding Florida. The True History of the Sunshine State
10793:"Interview with Gordon Wood on the American Revolution"
10307:, p. 98, McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, NC.
10092:"South Carolina - African-Americans - Slave Population"
6553:
A Ride for Liberty – The Fugitive Slaves
5708:
Andrew Jackson and the slave trade in the United States
22507:. Atlanta, GA: Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives.
22176:, Fall/Winter 2006, Vol. 13, Issue 3/4, pp. 29–44
20918:, Washington, D.C.: University Press of America, 1978.
20329:
The Road to Disunion, Volume II: Secessionists Triumph
18088:
Alan L. Olmstead; Paul W. Rhode (September 12, 2016).
17276:
Bellani, Luna; Hager, Anselm; Maurer, Stephan (2022).
16534:
Dred Scott v. Sandford: A Brief History with Documents
16269:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 447.
16247:
16194:. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. p. 446.
16117:
Gomez, Michael A. (1994). "Muslims in Early America".
15423:
Sublette, Ned; Sublette, Constance (October 1, 2015).
14182:"Georgetown Students Agree to Create Reparations Fund"
13681:
12983:
12981:
12979:
12977:
12539:(Kindle ed.). London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.
12059:
coordinated the publication. Boston: Published by the
11997:"Abraham Lincoln and the Fruitage of his Proclamation"
9659:
Slave narrative § North American slave narratives
6461:
Education during the slave period in the United States
5627:
5539:
proved to be crucial to the outcome of the Civil War (
5449:
African American founding fathers of the United States
3890:
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
23520:
1850: New Orleans woman and child she held in slavery
21692:. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press.
21492:(February 1972). "The Founding Fathers and Slavery".
20235:
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
19862:. Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia.
18291:
18289:
18287:
17386:
16241:
History of Salem Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan
13594:
12714:
The Slaves' Gamble: Choosing Sides in the War of 1812
12255:, pp. 132–133, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2001.
11638:"Mapping the slave trade in Richmond and New Orleans"
11430:
11332:, Oxford University PressNew York, pp. 143–172,
11268:
Soul by Soul: Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market
10444:
pp. 96, 308, Henry Holt and Company, New York, 2017.
10356:
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery
10283:
pp. 3-8, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, New York, 1992.
10262:
pp. 221-4, Vintage Books, New York, New York, 1992.
7557:
6177:, formerly enslaved on a cotton plantation along the
4939:
Slavery in the American Revolution and early republic
23925:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
23056:
Andrews, William L.; Mason, Regina E., eds. (2008).
22324:
Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal
21870:
Slavery in Florida: Territorial Days to Emancipation
21394:"Voting on Slavery at the Constitutional Convention"
20788:
The Overseer: Plantation Management in the Old South
20307:
The Road to Disunion, Volume I: Secessionists at Bay
19677:
Negro Slave Revolts in the United States (1526–1860)
19327:
18904:"Cotton, Slavery, and the New History of Capitalism"
18295:
18224:"Jim Crow and Black Economic Progress After Slavery"
18090:"Cotton, Slavery, and the New History of Capitalism"
17512:
17335:
15723:. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 10–11.
13621:
9874:
The Florida Negro. A Federal Writers' Project Legacy
9672:
Slavery and Slaving in World History: A Bibliography
9565:
9494:
7 states that seceded before Lincoln's inauguration
6506:
6039:
Bibliography of the slave trade in the United States
5903:
Post-1808 importation of slaves to the United States
5071:
4873:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
1602:
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery
29:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
22808:(Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press).
21031:. "Review: Slavery: The Progressive Institution?",
20706:
The Ruling Race: A History of American Slaveholders
20684:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
20605:
Slavery and Politics in the Early American Republic
20583:
Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery
20126:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
20124:
An Imperfect Union: Slavery, Federalism, and Comity
19664:
19624:. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing. p. 39.
19312:"Mormons Created And Then Abandoned San Bernardino"
17617:
17175:
16718:
Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery
16497:. Brigham H. Young, Printers. 1866. pp. 87–88.
16096:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 347.
15381:
15189:(1). National Institutes of Health (NIH): 249–259.
15029:"Nat Turner's Skull and My Student's Purse of Skin"
14937:
Project 2001: Significant Works in Economic History
14902:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 172.
14525:"Frederic Bancroft, Slave-Trading in the Old South"
14230:grew half the nation's cotton; by 1859, along with
12974:
11585:
Remembering the Memphis Massacre: An American Story
11289:. Boston: J. P. Jewett & Co. pp. 291–292.
11162:"The large Irish enslavers of antebellum Louisiana"
10990:Mason, Matthew (2006). "Slavery and the Founding".
10918:pp. 132–133, Simon & Schuster, New York, 2001.
10656:
The Hidden History of Guns and the Second Amendment
10227:
Moral Capital: Foundations of British Abolitionism,
9908:
9649:
Reparations for slavery debate in the United States
7529:, 1853. On display at the British Museum in London.
5725:
Slave rebellion and resistance in the United States
5338:Slave shackle found while digging in a property on
5275:" of planters was beneficial or necessary (Detail,
4877:
Slavery among Native Americans in the United States
3494:
Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
29097:Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
26319:Amazing Grace: An Anthology of Poems about Slavery
24919:Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center
23940:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
23471:, summaries and documents; focus on United States
23360:
23290:. Millwood, NY: Kraus International Publications.
23178:
23030:"The First Abolition Society in the United States"
21631:
21607:(3). The Johns Hopkins University Press: 543–577.
21532:(3). American Society for Legal History: 531–558.
21391:
19633:
19631:
18516:"American Incomes Before and After the Revolution"
18423:
18284:
17275:
16824:
16618:Abraham Lincoln and the Second American Revolution
16243:. Salem Area Historical Society. 1976. p. 56.
16063:
16026:. University Press of Florida. pp. 207–239 .
15933:
15806:
14377:
14180:
14153:
14118:
13769:
13700:
13408:
12881:
12846:
11801:Davis, William C. (2002). "Men but Not Brothers".
11636:
7128:Slave states and free states § End of slavery
6246:
6029:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
5385:, an aspirational empire for American slave owners
5251:Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
24930:The Railroad to Freedom: A Story of the Civil War
22806:Slavery and Servitude in North America, 1607–1800
22453:——; Rowland, Leslie S., eds. (1997).
18549:
18509:
17975:Clegg, John J. (2015). "Capitalism and Slavery".
17831:. pp. 86–87 (credit backed by slave labor).
16768:"The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, 1862"
16049:The Library of Congress. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
15357:Berry, Daina Ramey; Harris, Leslie Maria (2018).
14029:Curry, Richard O.; Cowden, Joanna Dunlop (1972).
12911:"The slave rebellion the country tried to forget"
12813:
11941:The Slave Power Conspiracy and the Paranoid Style
11715:
11713:
11711:
10142:Smith, Howard W. (1978). Riley, Edward M. (ed.).
7410:Public apologies for slavery in the United States
5417:.) This was described as "well underway" by 1858.
32005:
31637:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
29193:Slave health on plantations in the United States
27464:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
24678:British Methodist Episcopal Church, Salem Chapel
24204:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
23589:
23516:has information on almost 36,000 slaving voyages
21325:. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
21068:(October 1963). "On Turner, Beard and Slavery".
20868:Negro Population in the United States, 1790–1915
18656:The Freedom-of-Thought Struggle in the Old South
18221:
16934:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
15735:Blood at the Root. A Racial Cleansing in America
15422:
15125:
15123:
15121:
15056:. Philadelphia News. The Mercury. March 17, 1888
13628:Trigger, Bruce G.; Washburn, Wilcomb E. (1996).
13600:
13306:
13115:Cathey, Clyde W. (1944). "Slavery in Arkansas".
12530:
12528:
12299:Puritan Spirits in the Abolitionist Imagination,
11749:
11747:
11150:, January 25, 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
10958:Puritan Spirits in the Abolitionist Imagination,
10596:Revolutionary Virginia, the Road to Independence
7277:
6158:Slave health on plantations in the United States
6000:a large portion of the yeomanry of this country!
5907:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
5372:
5172:History of slavery in the United States by state
4825:List of Indian reservations in the United States
1717:13th Amendment to the United States Constitution
32039:Race-related controversies in the United States
27509:Black players in professional American football
27459:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
26273:List of last surviving American enslaved people
23993:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
23049:Oral histories and autobiographies of ex-slaves
22127:The Slavery Debates, 1952–1990: A Retrospective
21392:Dougherty, Keith L.; Heckelman, Jac C. (2008).
21194:
19628:
17134:The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935
16667:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2021, p. 342.
16513:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
15761:
14751:
14749:
14234:, they grew 78%. By 1859, cotton growth in the
13920:. University Press of Florida. pp. 42–70.
13627:
12675:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
12635:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
11621:. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 316.
11026:The American Past: A Survey of American History
10836:
10463:"African Americans and the American Revolution"
10421:Scars of Independence: America's Violent Birth,
10331:The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution
9553:, 500–506 Chartres, New Orleans (Richard Koch,
9426:Enumerating slave schedules by county, 393,975
9412:
7095:of a formerly enslaved family, photographed by
6473:
6362:The inscription on the back of the case reads:
5885:
5301:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
31461:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
29198:Treatment of the enslaved in the United States
25863:Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo"
24907:Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad State Park
23035:Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
22902:Capitalism: A Journal of History and Economics
22291:Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2015.
21963:A Moral Debt: The Legacy of Slavery in the USA
21746:Slavery in the South: A State-By-State History
20943:Cotton: The Biography of a Revolutionary Fiber
20781:Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion
20730:. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company.
19858:——; Hoffman, Ronald, eds. (1983).
19616:
19448:California Native American Heritage Commission
19192:
18454:
18322:"The Structure of Slave prices in New Orleans"
17782:
15611:
15609:
15607:
15605:
15603:
14762:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 129–.
13692:
13553:. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. p. 160.
12169:Miller, Randall M.; Smith, John David (1997).
11855:"Diseases and Peculiarities of the Negro Race"
11708:
11436:
11101:, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2021, p. 67.
10599:. University of Virginia Press. p. xxiv.
9964:Introduction – Social Aspects of the Civil War
9876:. University Press of Mississippi. p. 7.
9814:Strange New Land: Africans in Colonial America
9695:Histories of slavery in the Western Hemisphere
9508:Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia
7122:End of slavery in the United States of America
6934:Modification by G. W. Falen of Ben Franklin's
6465:Education of freed people during the Civil War
6113:Museum of African American History and Culture
5392:sought to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
5222:
5161:
4501:The International Indian Treaty Council (IITC)
2221:Education of freed people during the Civil War
29347:
29052:
28389:
26355:
25038:
24467:
23960:Slavery at American colleges and universities
23575:
23551:
23537:The Bibliography of Slavery and World Slaving
22563:The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography
20388:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
20353:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
20155:
19857:
19379:
19323:
19321:
18901:
18678:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
16318:"Abolition and the Splintering of the Church"
16005:Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made
15458:"Childbirth and Midwifery | Encyclopedia.com"
15270:
15118:
13675:
13526:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 132.
13513:
13345:. Archived from the original on July 20, 2007
13179:
13056:
12525:
12354:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011.
11789:Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia: A Biography
11744:
10740:. Duke University School of Law. p. 116.
10144:Benjamin Harrison and the American Revolution
10008:"The 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution"
9678:Slavery at American colleges and universities
9549:"Window grating of old slave prison cell" at
7691:
7136:Compensated emancipation in the United States
6911:
6571:
5200:Slavery at American colleges and universities
4847:
4820:List of federally recognized tribes by state
3592:
1923:
160:Whipping a slave (wood-engraving made 1834);
32044:Political controversies in the United States
27222:Historically black colleges and universities
24889:National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
23945:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
23386:Slavery and Race in American Popular Culture
23327:
23055:
21993:
21802:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
20854:Slave and Citizen, the Negro in the Americas
20056:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
19738:
19660:Bibliography of slavery in the United States
19646:Kolchin pp. 137–143. Horton and Horton p. 9.
19517:General Lee's Army: From Victory to Collapse
19436:"Short Overview of California Indian History
19264:"Population of Slaves in 1860: Introduction"
17851:
17655:
16545:
16208:
15583:"D'Iberville/St. Martin Chamber of Commerce"
15581:Commerce, D'Iberville/St Martin Chamber of.
15161:
14746:
13736:. Vol. 18, no. 3. pp. 51–55.
13580:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 25.
13215:
13157:
12992:. London: Seagull Edition. pp. 406–407.
12513:. Vol. 18, no. 3. pp. 51–55.
12212:
12210:
11582:
10817:
10811:
10164:
9937:Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis (1999).
9541:Bibliography of slavery in the United States
7932:(1861) created by Edwin Hergesheimer of the
7298:History of civil rights in the United States
7294:History of unfree labor in the United States
7052:
6033:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
5896:
5428:
4881:History of unfree labor in the United States
2232:Historically black colleges and universities
1722:Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom
32029:1865 disestablishments in the United States
24425:Family reunification ads after emancipation
22925:Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism
21276:. Madison, WI: Madison House. p. 256.
21076:(4). University of Chicago Press: 235–250.
20537:. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society.
20452:. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers.
20276:
19562:
19560:
19558:
19538:
19536:
16362:. Calcutta: Modern Review Office. pp.
16267:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History
16192:Christianity: A Social and Cultural History
16166:U.S. Catholic magazine – Faith in Real Life
15639:
15637:
15600:
15356:
14380:The Agrarian Origins of American Capitalism
14072:. December 10, 1836. p. 2 – via
14028:
13758:, Univ of South Carolina Press, 2004, p. 86
13688:. Oklahoma Historical Society. p. 522.
13648:
13634:. Cambridge University Press. p. 525.
13607:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 348–349.
13567:
12928:
12856:The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross
12671:"Songs Related to the Abolition of Slavery"
12177:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 471.
12168:
11464:"Robert E. Lee's opinion regarding slavery"
10353:
10118:"City of Brick: Bricks and Early Baltimore"
9936:
9706:Slavery in the British and French Caribbean
7594:
7142:Family reunification ads after emancipation
7099:on J. J. Smith's confiscated plantation at
6409:Marriage of enslaved people (United States)
6053:Slaves Waiting for Sale: Richmond, Virginia
5400:from the Caribbean and Africa, such as the
2216:Education during the slave period in the US
32114:Political compromises in the United States
32059:Economic history of the American Civil War
29354:
29340:
29059:
29045:
28436:A House Divided: Denmark Vesey's Rebellion
28396:
28382:
26362:
26348:
25045:
25031:
24474:
24460:
24138:Slavery and the United States Constitution
23582:
23568:
23458:University of North Carolina at Greensboro
23100:Rambles of a Runaway from Southern Slavery
22105:Farrow, Anne; Lang, Joel; Frank, Jenifer.
22031:Boles, John B. and Evelyn T. Nolen, eds.,
21855:University of North Carolina Press, 1992.
21758:University of North Carolina Press, 1986.
21624:
21320:
20848:
20181:
19704:Race, Equality, and the Burdens of History
19519:. New York: Free Press. pp. 20, 474.
19318:
18902:Olmstead, Alan L.; Rhode, Paul W. (2018).
18791:Race and Slavery in the Western Hemisphere
17667:Historical Statistics of the United States
16968:The Civil War and Readjustment in Kentucky
16807:
16293:A Religious History of the American People
15975:Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association
15766:. University Press of Florida. p. 2.
15690:
15688:
15615:
15587:D'Iberville/St. Martin Chamber of Commerce
15219:
12726:
12724:
12722:
11971:
11899:. October 22, 1859. p. 1 – via
11849:
11843:
11819:
11607:
11132:
11130:
11128:
10630:"George Washington's Runaway Slave, Harry"
10515:"Black Loyalists in British North America"
10299:
10297:
10281:The Radicalism of the American Revolution,
10168:The Reader's Companion to American History
10061:
9930:
9902:
7469:"Weighing cotton after the day's picking"
6918:
6904:
6025:List of slave traders of the United States
5557:Massachusetts Superior Court of Judicature
5476:Some 19th-century American abolitionists:
5113:
5078:Slavery and the United States Constitution
4949:Slavery and the United States Constitution
4945:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
4854:
4840:
3599:
3585:
2539:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
1930:
1916:
32019:Pre-emancipation African-American history
28613:Gullah/Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
27439:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
26287:Cotton Plantation Record and Account Book
23351:vol. 14, Jan. 1943, pp. 427–430. London:
23058:Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave
22875:(Chicago: University of Illinois Press).
22494:. Louisiana State University Press, 1977.
21863:Slaves and Freemen in Civil War Louisiana
21687:
21595:
21488:
21472:
21437:
21409:
21317:(2nd ed. Harvard University Press, 2019).
21045:
20489:Horton, James Oliver and Horton, Lois E.
20326:
20301:
20118:
20039:The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture
20010:. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
19953:: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South
19904:
19879:
19514:
19417:Blacks in Utah History: An Unknown Legacy
19210:
19129:
19086:Includes 10,000 to Louisiana before 1803.
18886:
18627:
18570:
18319:
18190:
17900:
17709:
17547:
17434:
17293:
17189:
16970:(1926), pp. 268–270; James J. Gigantino,
16755:Abraham Lincoln: The Man Behind the Myths
16614:
16024:The African Ameritage Heritage of Florida
15501:
15305:
15295:
15253:
15243:
15202:
15074:
14840:Christian, Charles M., and Bennet, Sari,
14646:
14089:"A Visit to the Real 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'"
14024:
14022:
13940:
13800:
13731:
13658:Westward Expansion in America (1803–1860)
13601:Deloria, Philip; Salisbury, Neal (2008).
13382:. University of Tennessee Press. p.
13371:
13186:McDonald, Soraya Nadia (March 15, 2019).
12879:
12508:
12207:
12086:
11366:
11338:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195118094.003.0006
11273:
11240:
10733:
10658:. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. p. 48.
9871:
9701:Slavery in the Spanish New World colonies
7920:
6013:Domestic slave trade and forced migration
5597:(1852), an influential abolitionist novel
5591:Simon Legree and Uncle Tom: a scene from
4810:Native American Medal of Honor recipients
3750:Cultural assimilation of Native Americans
1995:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
32099:Social history of the American Civil War
32024:1776 establishments in the United States
29550:Treatment of slaves in the United States
28403:
26268:Treatment of slaves in the United States
26042:Ama: A Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade
25356:(1766 Saint-Dominque – June 30, 1853 NY)
24773:Ann Maria Jackson and her seven children
24481:
24228:Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution
22824:
22713:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
22677:(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
22497:
22400:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
22350:The Debate on the American Civil War Era
21956:; 52 minutes DVD; on slavery in Missouri
21922:, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1914.
21234:Drake, Charles E. (September 17, 1862).
21051:Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities
20900:
20883:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
20747:
20624:The Complete History of American Slavery
20260:Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation
20048:
20003:
19986:. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
19981:
19969:
19706:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19686:
19671:
19555:
19533:
19453:
18672:
18353:
18222:Althoff, Lukas; Reichardt, Hugo (2024).
18048:
17440:
17228:
17130:
17069:
17045:"Convict Labor in Georgia and Tennessee"
16831:. University Press of Kentucky. p.
16787:, by Sr. Anne Francis Pulling, 2001, 10.
16621:. Oxford University Press. p. 134.
16289:
16159:
16070:. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall.
15999:
15856:
15801:
15786:
15732:
15634:
15075:Plaisance, Patrick (September 2, 1998).
14796:A History of American Law: Third Edition
14743:, New York: Scholastic Inc., 1999, p. 8.
14741:Scholastic Encyclopedia of the Civil War
14505:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press.
14375:
13945:(Revised 4th ed.). Adam Wasserman.
13934:
13918:The African American Heritage of Florida
13909:
13776:. New York: Simon and Schuster. p.
13707:. University of Oklahoma Press. p.
13519:
13400:
13185:
13002:
12597:The Mississippi Valley Historical Review
12562:The Mississippi Valley Historical Review
12401:
12357:
12048:
12042:
11939:Rabun, James (October 1970). "Review of
11829:New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal
11683:
11468:Shotgun's Home of the American Civil War
10727:
10653:
10592:
9826:
9544:
9416:
8203:
8188:"Distribution of Slaves in U.S. History"
7924:
7598:
7578:
7561:
7542:
7532:
7520:
7517:Effects on Southern economic development
7485:
7464:
7443:
7418:
7388:
7359:
7344:
7301:
7256:
7164:
7145:
7086:
7062:
7040:
6951:
6929:
6546:
6530:
6527:1860 United States presidential election
6487:
6426:
6385:
6357:
6294:
6273:
6217:
6202:
6169:
6148:Treatment of slaves in the United States
6118:
6107:Broadside for an 1858 slave sale at the
6102:
6084:
6081:Movement of slaves between 1790 and 1860
6076:
6046:
5993:
5962:
5948:
5910:
5853:
5836:
5821:1842 Slave Revolt in the Cherokee Nation
5734:
5702:
5673:
5637:
5612:
5609:routes, as mapped by a historian of 1898
5600:
5586:
5562:
5546:
5526:
5471:
5376:
5349:
5333:
5316:
5266:
5263:List of plantations in the United States
5203:
5133:
5087:
5058:
5031:
4994:
4978:Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum
4962:
4929:
4917:
4116:Post 1887 Apache Wars period (1887–1924)
1727:Abolition of slave trade in Persian gulf
1592:Advisory Committee of Experts on Slavery
1572:Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
31293:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
29465:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
23930:Indentured servitude in British America
23514:The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database
23333:
23251:God Struck Me Dead: Voices of Ex-Slaves
22834:. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
22501:(2017) . Morris, Kenneth B. Jr. (ed.).
22189:
22183:29 (1977), 117–131. focus on Genovese.
22048:, December 2009, Vol. 114, Issue 5, pp.
21986:Gannon is a descendant of Robert E. Lee
21865:Louisiana State University Press, 1976.
21572:(4). Oxford University Press: 466–498.
21523:
20992:
20842:, University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
20752:. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
20682:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
20596:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
20591:
20554:
20507:
20215:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
20063:
19763:
19713:
19361:(MA thesis). Brigham Young University.
19283:
19036:
19034:
18825:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
18746:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17819:
17748:
17683:
17627:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17580:
17521:
17484:(2005). "The Real History of Slavery".
17392:
17344:
17070:Brockell, Gillian (November 10, 2022).
16996:
16796:
16711:
16214:
16093:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
15972:
15857:Natanson, Hannah (September 14, 2019).
15834:A History of Florida through Black Eyes
15791:, PhD dissertation, New York University
15685:
15643:
15570:. Cambridge, Massachusetts. p. 44.
15560:
15526:
15507:
15352:
15350:
14899:Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860
14755:
14709:
14684:
14511:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199227990.013.0029
14263:
14261:
14259:
14257:
13854:
13407:Katz, William Loren (January 3, 2012).
12768:
12719:
12594:
12534:
12148:
12129:"Slave Population of the United States"
11719:
11631:
11125:
10750:
10724:, New York: Hill and Wang, 1994, p. 73.
10700:. New York: New York University Press.
10527:
10294:
9890:
9519:Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri
7460:
6535:1853 advertisement by the slave trader
6455:Anti-literacy laws in the United States
6448:
5049:Early abolitionism in the United States
4901:Indentured servitude in British America
18:History of slavery in the United States
14:
32034:African-American-related controversies
32006:
31278:Modern display of the Confederate flag
29361:
28338:Topics related to the African diaspora
27444:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
26205:Frederick Douglass and the White Negro
26026:Queen: The Story of an American Family
25946:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
24748:Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp
23340:American Notes for General Circulation
22989:Economic History of Developing Regions
22553:Slavery in America: a reader and guide
22392:
22341:, September 2007, Vol. 8, Issue 3, pp.
22250:, September 2009, Vol. 96 Issue 2, pp.
21912:. Louisiana Historical Society, 1963.
21794:
21744:Jewett, Clayton E. and John O. Allen;
21738:, University Press of Kentucky, 2012.
21709:
21107:
20876:
20722:
20679:
20621:
20532:
20447:
20164:. New York: W.W. Norton Company, Inc.
19835:
19813:
19788:
19698:
19691:. New York: Columbia University Press.
19566:
19284:Johnson, Jason B. (January 27, 2007).
19165:
19095:
18821:
18780:
18742:
18704:
18418:
18378:
17931:
17882:
17815:
17813:
17623:
17586:
17480:
17171:
17169:
16942:
16440:
16160:Costello, Damian (September 1, 2020).
16110:
16089:
15931:
15880:"Clary and the Fancy Girl Trade, 1806"
15694:
15532:
15481:
15232:The American Journal of Human Genetics
15101:Who Is Black?: One Nation's Definition
14983:
14948:
14895:
14498:
14494:
14492:
14267:
14178:
14151:
14116:
14086:
14019:
13959:
13767:
13698:
13654:
13604:A Companion to American Indian History
13573:
13546:
13449:
13377:
13245:
13243:
13241:
13114:
12730:
12559:
12436:
11991:
11487:
11324:Ford, Lacy K. Jr. (November 1, 2009),
11206:
11099:Salmon P. Chase: Lincoln's Vital Rival
10695:
10689:
10624:
10622:
10620:
10618:
10616:
10165:Foner, Eric; Garraty, John A. (2014).
10025:
9897:Chronology of U.S. Coast Guard history
7586:postcard: "The Old Slave Block in the
7159:(U.S. Senate Collection 33.00005.000)
7000:("Confederate chieftans" engraving by
6214:, Metropolitan Museum of Art 2019.521)
6154:Torture of slaves in the United States
5849:
5543:artist, 3¢ stamp issued July 13, 1937)
5381:Dark green indicates the reach of the
5286:American slavery as "a necessary evil"
5106:who had escaped from the household of
5098:, May 24, 1796, seeking the return of
33:Human trafficking in the United States
32064:Economic history of the United States
32054:Cultural history of the United States
31496:
30885:
30449:
29672:
29475:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
29373:
29335:
29040:
28377:
28318:Landmark African-American legislation
26369:
26343:
25978:Roots: The Saga of an American Family
25807:Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
25243:(c. 1745 Nigeria – 31 March 1797 Eng)
25026:
24455:
24370:Slavery during the American Civil War
24183:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
23563:
23550:
22883:
22848:
22197:. New York: Oxford University Press.
22095:, October 2007, Vol. 21, Issue 4, pp.
22007:, January 2006, Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp.
21872:, University Press of Florida, 2000.
21827:. New York: Oxford University Press.
21658:. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.
21566:The American Journal of Legal History
21563:
21500:(1). Oxford University Press: 81–93.
21449:(2). Oxford University Press: 14–18.
21351:
21344:
21304:(University of Chicago Press, 2019).
21233:
20995:The American Journal of Legal History
20960:
20803:
20644:Moon, Dannell, "Slavery", article in
20422:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20331:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20309:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20232:
20210:
20068:. New York: Oxford University Press.
20036:
19679:. New York: International Publishers.
19354:
19309:
19040:
19004:
18971:
18938:
18650:
18172:
18138:
17974:
17151:
16822:
16592:(University Press of Kentucky, 2013).
16555:. New York: Oxford University Press.
16349:
16263:"Christianity and Culture in America"
16260:
16188:"Christianity and Culture in America"
16185:
16116:
16058:
16021:
15903:
15850:
15097:
15026:
14816:Slave executions in the United States
14710:Collins, Kathleen (January 9, 1985).
13965:
13895:. Duke University Press. p. 45.
13484:
13336:
13283:
13003:Williams, Jennie K. (April 2, 2020).
12987:
12908:
12136:Statistical View of the United States
11938:
11913:
11800:
11690:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p.
11547:
11410:
11279:
11262:
11260:
11159:
11037:
10989:
10669:Roark, James L.; et al. (2008).
10668:
10141:
9899:on the USCG official history website.
9844:
9774:
7384:
7267:Emancipation: The Past and the Future
7132:Emancipation Day § United States
7067:Contrabands accompanying the line of
7008:
6890:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
6578:Slavery during the American Civil War
6370:U.S. Marshall of the Dist. of Florida
6043:Family separation in American slavery
5971:shows colonial settlements including
5874:
5833:Post-revolution Southern manumissions
5634:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
5541:U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing
5295:American slavery as "a positive good"
5130:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
4486:National Congress of American Indians
4401:American Indian Religious Freedom Act
3690:European colonization of the Americas
2737:Athletic associations and conferences
2226:History of African-American education
1614:Anglo-Egyptian Slave Trade Convention
1291:Human trafficking in Papua New Guinea
35:. For modern legal forced labor, see
32109:White supremacy in the United States
28786:Timeline of African-American history
27449:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
25823:Life and Times of Frederick Douglass
25318:(1783 England – 1821 United States)
25052:
23433:Slavery in America: A Resource Guide
23400:
22555:(University of Georgia Press, 2005.)
22388:. Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, Keys.
22298:, August 2007, Vol. 73, Issue 3, pp.
22246:"Lincoln, Slavery, and the Nation,"
22165:, January 2008, Vol. 29 Issue 1, pp.
22132:
22070:, August 2006, Vol. 27, Issue 2, pp.
21902:University Press of Virginia, 1999.
21819:
21653:
21064:
20921:
20823:, University of Chicago Press, 2015.
20348:
19390:Mormonism: A Historical Encyclopedia
19049:. Rutgers University Press. p.
19031:
19013:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18980:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18947:. Rutgers University Press. p.
18859:
18385:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
18300:. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.
18132:
17235:British Journal of Political Science
17160:George Eastman: The Kodak Camera Man
17157:
15831:
15616:Manganelli, Kimberly Snyder (2012).
15580:
15482:Spivey, William (January 23, 2023).
15347:
15328:
14822:, vol. 36, issue 1 (1999), pp. 1–31.
14678:
14640:
14254:
14195:from the original on April 12, 2019.
14168:from the original on March 12, 2017.
14152:Swarns, Rachel L. (March 12, 2017).
14117:Swarns, Rachel (February 14, 2018).
14031:Slavery in America: Theodore Weld's
13915:
13888:
13882:
13820:
13406:
13260:10.1093/acref/9780195167771.001.0001
12744:. New York: HarperCollins. pp.
12716:(St. Martin's Press, 2013) pp. 1–11.
11753:
11550:"When Dixie Put Slaves on the Money"
11521:
11323:
11207:Hacker, J. David (October 1, 2020).
10577:
10324:
10116:Mehr, Emmanuel (November 18, 2023).
10115:
9803:
9654:Slave insurance in the United States
7607:
7396:Frank Leslie's illustrated newspaper
7037:Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves
5826:Charleston Workhouse Slave Rebellion
5772:slave escape and mass suicide (1803)
5712:The Correspondence of Andrew Jackson
5182:Fugitive slaves in the United States
4905:Indentured servitude in Pennsylvania
4491:National Indian Youth Council (NIYC)
4198:Northern Cheyenne Exodus (1878-1879)
3820:Native American temperance activists
2660:Association for the Study of African
1806:Slave marriages in the United States
1410:Human trafficking in the Middle East
32104:Social history of the United States
31632:Committee on the Conduct of the War
31308:United Daughters of the Confederacy
27803:African-American Vernacular English
24375:End of slavery in the United States
23475:"Slavery and the Making of America"
23454:Digital Library on American Slavery
23021:10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.001003
22429:; Rowland, Leslie S., eds. (1992).
22339:American Nineteenth Century History
22310:Journal of African American History
22236:, Winter 2008, Vol. 5, Issue 4, pp.
22021:, March 2004, Vol. 90, Issue 4, pp.
21882:University of Alabama Press, 1950.
21781:University of Georgia Press, 1986.
21297:(W. W. Norton & Company, 2021).
21208:(W. W. Norton & Company, 2019).
20953:
20783:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007.
20237:. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
20092:University of Chicago Press, 1976,
19499:
19450:, 1998. Retrieved October 24, 2007.
19413:
19393:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 26.
19047:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
19011:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18978:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18945:Sister Circle: Black Women and Work
18563:NBER Working Paper Series No. 18396
18256:
18094:Center for Law and Economic Studies
17810:
17229:Nikolova, Elena (January 1, 2017).
17166:
16665:Samuel Chase: Lincoln's Vital Rival
16416:
15936:The town that started the Civil War
15821:from the original on June 26, 2020.
14856:
14844:, Basic Civitas Books, 1998, p. 90.
14577:
14489:
14268:Morgan, Marcyliena (July 4, 2002).
14133:from the original on April 16, 2016
14087:Elliot, Debbie (February 4, 2006).
13996:
13828:"Background on Conflict in Liberia"
13238:
13216:Jones-Rogers, Stephanie E. (2019).
13158:Jones-Rogers, Stephanie E. (2019).
12175:Dictionary of Afro-American Slavery
12138:. United States Senate. p. 82.
12019:
11576:
11166:American Nineteenth Century History
10613:
10440:O'Reilly, Bill and Dugard, Martin.
10377:Twin Cities Public Television, Inc.
9516:4 slave states that did not secede
7707:imported into British North America
7705:Origins and percentages of Africans
7481:
7427:, Mississippi Delta, Mississippi" (
7414:
7192: The Missouri Compromise, 1821
7180: The Northwest Ordinance, 1787
6258:Slave breeding in the United States
6162:Slave quarters in the United States
5862:a profitable criminal business—the
5718:
5628:Prohibiting the international trade
5328:National Museum of American History
5190:Female slavery in the United States
4815:List of federally recognized tribes
3474:Race and ethnicity in the US census
2975:African-American Vernacular English
2544:National Conference of Black Mayors
1145:Human trafficking in Southeast Asia
24:
32089:Politics of the American Civil War
32079:Labor history of the United States
31702:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
31497:
31041:impeachment managers investigation
29420:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
27721:U.S. cities with large populations
27424:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
26162:The Escape; or, A Leap for Freedom
26034:Hang a Thousand Trees with Ribbons
25312:(c. 1710 Portugal – 1734 Montreal)
25265:Nunzio Otello Francesco Gioacchino
24924:Underground Railroad Bicycle Route
24715:The South Bend Fugitive Slave Case
24656:List of Underground Railroad sites
24253:John Quincy Adams and abolitionism
22708:
22683:
22620:Empire of Cotton: A Global History
22570:
22357:
22277:, April 2009, Vol. 23 Issue 2, pp.
21960:Gannon, James (October 25, 2018).
21688:Freehling, Alice Goodyear (1982).
21216:. New York: Walker & Company.
21211:
20671:: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia
20669:American Slavery, American Freedom
19974:. Philadelphia: Unknown Publisher.
19769:Empire of Cotton: A Global History
19108:(4). Informa UK Limited: 840–855.
18341:10.1111/j.1465-7295.1979.tb00544.x
18228:The Quarterly Journal of Economics
18049:Engerman, Stanley L. (June 2017).
16997:Huebner, Timothy S. (March 2023).
16797:Lincoln, Abraham (June 15, 1953).
15877:
13803:"The Abolition of the Slave Trade"
12390:The antislavery impulse: 1830–1844
12087:Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. (2015).
11548:Levin, Kevin M. (April 21, 2016).
11326:"Chapter Five Paternalism Emerges"
11257:
10839:"The Abolition of The Slave Trade"
10225:Brown, Christopher Leslie (2006).
9555:Historic American Buildings Survey
9472:15 states where slavery was legal
7558:Sexual economy of American slavery
7330:
6800:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
6656:End of slavery in British colonies
5583:prohibiting discussion of slavery.
5011:
4926:(Colonial Williamsburg Foundation)
4526:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
4481:Native American Rights Fund (NARF)
2677:National Black Chamber of Commerce
1799:last survivors of American slavery
31:. For modern illegal slavery, see
25:
32125:
32074:19th century in the United States
32069:18th century in the United States
32049:African-American cultural history
31127:Reconstruction military districts
29575:Abolitionism in the United States
29530:Plantations in the American South
29445:Origins of the American Civil War
28487:Bruh Rabbit and the Tar Baby Girl
26594:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
26590:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009
26397:African American founding fathers
26263:Songs of the Underground Railroad
26223:Abolitionism in the United States
25731:(c. 1795 Nigeria – ? Brazil)
25362:(c. 1819 – ???, Puerto Rico)
24962:Freedom: The Underground Railroad
24865:Songs of the Underground Railroad
24796:Abolitionism in the United States
24420:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
24365:Origins of the American Civil War
24072:African American founding fathers
24015:Education during the slave period
23426:
23273:
22312:, Fall 2006, Vol. 91 Issue 4, pp.
21934:W.W. Norton & Company, 1974.
21791:, Indiana University Press, 1957.
21269:
20491:Slavery and the Making of America
20112:, Oxford University Press, 1981.
19907:The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery
19314:. San Bernardino County Sentinel.
19096:Hacker, J. David (May 13, 2020).
18828:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
18749:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
18320:Kotlikoff, L. J. (October 1979).
18145:The Chronicle of Higher Education
17630:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
17487:Black Rednecks and White Liberals
16886:Juneteenth World Wide Celebration
16356:Basu, B.D. Chatterjee, R. (ed.).
15027:Berry, Daina (October 18, 2016).
13117:The Arkansas Historical Quarterly
13088:
10557:"The Revolution's Black Soldiers"
10554:
10396:"The Revolution's Black Soldiers"
10185:from the original on July 7, 2021
10171:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 705.
9812:. (May 19, 2015): Reprinted from
9806:"The Birth of Race-Based Slavery"
9528:
7450:South Carolina Historical Society
7115:
7015:Origins of the American Civil War
6789:The Impending Crisis of the South
6631:Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
6507:1850 to the firing on Fort Sumter
6166:Field slaves in the United States
5435:Abolitionism in the United States
5406:slave shipment to Georgia in 1858
5239:Field slaves in the United States
5072:Constitution of the United States
5055:Abolitionism in the United States
5036:A smock similar to those worn by
3790:Native Americans and World War II
3775:Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
3381:Places by plurality of population
2047:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
2037:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
1990:Abolitionism in the United States
760:Field slaves in the United States
627:Slavery in the Rashidun Caliphate
53:Abolitionism in the United States
32084:Plantations in the United States
31981:
31972:
31971:
31110:Enforcement Act of February 1871
31083:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
29212:
29021:
29020:
28672:
28666:
28592:Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses
28356:
27474:United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
26619:Nadir of American race relations
26311:Slave Songs of the United States
25815:The Underground Railroad Records
25725:(? Puerto Rico – 1555 Venezuela)
24871:The Underground Railroad Records
24637:
24168:History of slavery by U.S. state
23935:Slave trade in the United States
23376:Louisiana State University Press
23311:. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.
22945:Journal of Economic Perspectives
22740:Louisiana State University Press
22654:University of Pennsylvania Press
22644:
22158:(Oxford University Press, 2019).
21245:
20776:, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
19665:National and comparative studies
19640:
19610:
19508:
19493:
19474:
19460:United States. Congress (1857).
19427:
19407:
19373:
19348:
19303:
19277:
19256:
19235:
19186:
19159:
19146:
19080:
19067:
18998:
18965:
18932:
18909:Explorations in Economic History
18895:
18853:
18815:
18774:
18736:
18698:
18666:
18644:
18587:
18543:
18503:
18490:
18448:
18412:
18372:
18347:
18313:
18304:
18250:
18215:
18179:Explorations in Economic History
18166:
18139:Parry, Marc (December 8, 2016).
18113:Explorations in Economic History
18081:
17968:
17925:
17889:Journal of Economic Perspectives
17876:
17845:
17794:University of Pennsylvania Press
17776:
17742:
17677:
17310:
17269:
17222:
17124:
17115:
17106:
17097:
17063:
17037:
16990:
16977:
16960:
16904:
16874:
16862:
16849:
16816:
16790:
16778:
16760:
16744:
16735:
16705:
16688:
16670:
16657:
16648:
16635:
16608:
16595:
16582:
16569:
16539:
16526:
16501:
16485:
16459:
16434:
16410:
16392:
16378:
16355:
16336:
16310:
16283:
16233:
16219:. Stackpole Books. p. xvi.
16179:
16153:
16083:
16074:
16052:
16040:
16015:
15993:
15966:
15925:
15897:
15871:
15825:
15795:
15780:
15755:
15726:
15719:Schwartz, Marie Jenkins (2004).
15713:
15574:
15554:
15475:
15450:
15416:
15400:
15375:
15322:
15170:
15155:
15141:
15132:
15104:. Penn State Press. p. 38.
15091:
15068:
15046:
15020:
14977:
14942:
14916:
14889:
14869:
14847:
14834:
14825:
14808:
14785:
14776:
14733:
14724:
14703:
14615:
14571:
14517:
14476:
14463:
14450:
14437:
14424:
14415:
14402:
14369:
14352:
14339:
14321:"American Civil War Census Data"
14313:
14288:
14241:
14211:
14199:
14179:Hassan, Adeel (April 12, 2019).
14172:
14145:
14110:
14080:
14052:
13990:
13889:Sale, Maggie Montesinos (1997).
13794:
13761:
13748:
13725:
13703:The Seminole Freedmen: A History
13661:. Palm & Enke. p. 147.
13577:The Seminole Freedmen: A History
13540:
13487:"Slavery in the Cherokee nation"
13478:
13443:
13411:Black Indians: A Hidden Heritage
13337:Olsen, Otto H. (December 2004).
13276:
13209:
13151:
13108:
13082:
13069:
13043:
12996:
12956:
12902:
12873:
12840:
12807:
12762:
12706:
12688:
12663:
12623:
12588:
12553:
12502:
12430:
12395:
12382:
12338:
12325:
12312:
12291:
12266:
12245:
12232:
12162:
12142:
11392:
11160:Regan, Joe (September 1, 2020).
11004:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2006.00345.x
10528:Gilbert, Alan (March 19, 2012).
10369:Liberty! The American Revolution
9747:
9596:
9582:
9568:
7569:, artist unknown, date unknown (
7549:The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer
7341:Penal labor in the United States
6380:Massachusetts Historical Society
6019:Slave trade in the United States
5215:, New Orleans, November 1, 1819)
4909:Indentured servitude in Virginia
4080:Buffalo Hunters' War (1876–1877)
4068:(1858)|Antelope Hills expedition
3795:American Indian boarding schools
3627:
3556:
2078:Black Belt in the American South
637:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
632:Slavery in the Umayyad Caliphate
461:Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate
231:
150:
141:
130:
121:
110:
101:
90:
81:
70:
61:
37:Penal labor in the United States
31895:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
31757:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
31318:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
26480:Civil rights movement 1954–1968
26470:Civil rights movement 1865–1896
25691:(19th century Indian Territory)
25665:(1766 Saint-Dominque – 1853 NY)
24673:Underground Railroad in Indiana
23501:North American Slave Narratives
23361:Literary and cultural criticism
23304:
23280:
23204:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1994).
23181:Slavery Time When I Was Chillun
23177:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1997).
23168:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1990).
23145:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1990).
23122:Hurmence, Belinda, ed. (1989).
23028:Turner, Edward Raymond (1912).
22816:Slavery: History and Historians
22730:
22474:
22452:
22417:
22273:. "Writing Slavery's History",
22262:Slavery: History and Historians
22248:The Journal of American History
22019:The Journal of American History
21848:Cornell University Press, 1998.
21681:, Yale University Press, 1985.
21636:. University of Georgia Press.
21270:Kaminski, John P., ed. (1995).
20963:The Journal of American History
20905:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
20901:Williams, Eric Eustace (1966).
20870:, New York: Arno Press, 1968.
20475:Oxford University Press, 1978,
20054:New Essays on the Abolitionists
19955:Oxford University Press, 1979,
19653:
19463:The Congressional Globe, Part 2
19073:Source: Miller and Smith, eds.
18870:The Journal of Economic History
18016:The Journal of Economic History
17697:The Journal of Economic History
17535:The Journal of Economic History
17351:The Journal of Economic History
16698:, pp. 355, 494–496, quote from
16119:The Journal of Southern History
15904:Eblen, Tom (February 1, 2012).
15651:The Journal of American History
15512:. University Press of Florida.
15410:University of Tennessee Press,
14986:The Journal of Southern History
14963:10.1016/j.endeavour.2015.02.002
14939:, EH.net (Economic History.net)
14866:. University of Illinois Press.
14647:Bostonian (December 3, 1863) .
14323:. Civil-war.net. Archived from
13682:James Shannon Buchanan (1955).
13310:The Journal of American History
12404:The Journal of Southern History
12365:"New York Divided: King Cotton"
12120:
12107:
12080:
12067:
12013:
11985:
11965:
11932:
11918:. University of Georgia Press.
11907:
11878:
11813:
11794:
11677:
11625:
11601:
11587:. University of Georgia Press.
11567:
11541:
11515:
11481:
11461:
11455:
11439:Democracy in America (Volume 1)
11413:"Like a fire bell in the night"
11404:
11386:
11360:
11317:
11200:
11153:
11104:
11091:
11066:
11031:
11018:
10983:
10970:
10950:
10929:
10830:
10785:
10759:
10744:
10714:
10662:
10647:
10586:
10571:
10548:
10534:. University of Chicago Press.
10521:
10507:
10493:
10468:
10455:
10434:
10413:
10388:
10362:
10347:
10318:
10303:Hubbard, Robert Ernest (2017).
10273:
10252:
10240:
10219:
10210:
10205:Growth of the American Republic
10197:
10158:
10135:
10109:
10084:
10041:
10000:
9976:
9738:
9618:American Descendants of Slavery
7271:Library Company of Philadelphia
7078:Frank Leslie's Illustrated News
7069:Sherman's march through Georgia
7023:Contraband (American Civil War)
6442:Smithsonian American Art Museum
6247:Commodification of human tissue
5654:, plus cotton shipping out for
5342:in New Orleans; donated to the
4496:Women of All Red Nations (WARN)
3755:Racism against Native Americans
3730:Native American slave ownership
2682:National Council of Negro Women
1587:Committee of Experts on Slavery
1138:East, Southeast, and South Asia
30998:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
27469:Thurgood Marshall College Fund
26475:Civil right movement 1896–1954
26295:Slave-Trading in the Old South
25349:(c. 1788 Bermuda – after 1833)
24030:List of American slave traders
23910:Slavery among Native Americans
23505:Documenting the American South
23491:"Slavery in the United States"
22818:(New York: Harper & Row).
22648:; Rockman, Seth, eds. (2016).
21920:Slavery in Missouri, 1804–1865
21494:The American Historical Review
21110:The William and Mary Quarterly
20800:, Yale University Press, 2015.
20284:. New York: Harper & Row.
19982:Childers, Christopher (2012).
19466:. Blair & Rives. pp.
19075:Dictionary of American Slavery
18615:Quarterly Journal of Economics
18472:(Reissue ed.). New York:
18055:Journal of Economic Literature
17786:; Rockman, Seth, eds. (2016).
16950:"America's Founding Documents"
16265:. In Kee, Howard Clark (ed.).
16190:. In Kee, Howard Clark (ed.).
15162:Higginbotham, A. Leon (1980).
15054:"Leather Made From Human Skin"
14798:. Simon and Schuster, p. 163.
14274:. Cambridge University Press.
13966:Sweig, Donald (October 2014).
13497:(4): 1056–1072. Archived from
13415:. Simon and Schuster. p.
12888:. HarperCollins. p. 288.
11759:"The Universal Law of Slavery"
10820:The William and Mary Quarterly
9957:
9865:
9829:"The Constitution and Slavery"
9820:
9797:
9768:
9644:Category:American slave owners
6434:'s 1863 oil painting painting
6323:
6240:Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes
6126:, a slave trading business in
5806:Black Seminole Slave Rebellion
5692:
5498:Pennsylvania Abolition Society
5324:National Numismatic Collection
4351:American Indian Movement (AIM)
3770:Indian Citizenship Act of 1924
3660:Archaic period in the Americas
3479:Racism against Black Americans
1286:Slave raiding in Easter Island
13:
1:
31413:Ladies' Memorial Associations
31115:Enforcement Act of April 1871
31011:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
30886:
27649:Cherokee freedmen controversy
26625:The Negro Motorist Green Book
25970:The Confessions of Nat Turner
25935:
25928:
25759:The Narrative of Robert Adams
25173:
24238:George Washington and slavery
24117:American Colonization Society
24112:African-American slave owners
23495:Economic History Encyclopedia
23394:University of Wisconsin Press
23008:Annual Review of Anthropology
22997:10.1080/20780389.2020.1734312
22892:American Journal of Sociology
22849:Schermerhorn, Calvin (2015).
22709:Finkelman, Paul, ed. (2002).
21249:; Kaufman, Art, eds. (1988).
20193:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
19970:Brewster, Francis E. (1850).
19771:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
19500:Fry, Richard (October 2019).
19328:Mary Ellen Snodgrass (2015).
19114:10.1080/0144039x.2020.1755502
18296:Fogel & Engerman (1974).
17852:Schermerhorn, Calvin (2015).
17669:. ICPSR Study. Archived from
15329:Reis, Elizabeth, ed. (2012).
14251:, pp. 168–169. Kolchin p. 96.
13862:"Map of Liberia, West Africa"
13021:10.1080/0144039X.2019.1660509
12158:. New York: Finch & Weed.
12093:. Routledge. pp. 34–35.
12061:American Anti-Slavery Society
11914:Wells, Tom Henderson (2009).
11684:Richards, Leonard L. (2007).
11225:10.1080/0144039X.2020.1755502
11178:10.1080/14664658.2020.1841939
9761:
9613:Abolition of slavery timeline
7470:
7365:
7278:Reconstruction to the present
6557:
5955:American Colonization Society
5881:African-American slave owners
5577:U.S. House of Representatives
5373:Proposed expansion of slavery
5307:Eugenics in the United States
4866:
4304:Battle of Kelley Creek (1911)
4072:Comanche Campaign (1867–1875)
4060:Texas–Indian wars (1836–1877)
2687:National Pan-Hellenic Council
32014:Slavery in the United States
31546:Confederate revolving cannon
31288:Sons of Confederate Veterans
31159:South Carolina riots of 1876
31137:Indian Council at Fort Smith
31088:South Carolina riots of 1876
31053:Knights of the White Camelia
29545:Slavery in the United States
29168:Slavery in the United States
28871:Slavery in the United States
28866:History of the United States
26303:Sarah Johnson's Mount Vernon
26258:Slavery in the United States
25615:Greensbury Washington Offley
25009:Slavery in the United States
24845:Reverse Underground Railroad
24709:Kentucky raid in Cass County
24243:Thomas Jefferson and slavery
23988:American proslavery movement
23950:Slave states and free states
23591:Slavery in the United States
23249:Johnson, Clifton H. (1993).
23105:University of Virginia Press
22774:. Harvard University Press.
21354:The Journal of Negro History
21212:Goldstone, Lawrence (2005).
21195:Slavery and the Constitution
21070:The Journal of Negro History
20856:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
20748:Robinson, Donald L. (1970).
20440:(U of Virginia Press, 2019)
20408:. New York: Vintage Books.
20390:. New York: Pantheon Books.
20064:Egerton, Douglas R. (2009).
19689:American Negro Slave Revolts
19567:Pargas, Damian Alan (2008).
19355:Ricks, Nathaniel R. (2007).
18556:"American Incomes 1774–1860"
16823:Doyle, Robert C. C. (2010).
16615:McPherson, James M. (1992).
16290:Ahlstrom, Sydney E. (1972).
15620:. Rutgers University Press.
15149:"Memoirs of Madison Hemings"
14529:The Journal of Negro History
14003:University of Virginia Press
13520:Jennison, Watson W. (2012).
13462:(2): 178–180. Archived from
12820:American Negro Slave Revolts
11946:Florida Historical Quarterly
11618:History of the United States
11367:Broussard, Joyce L. (2018).
10937:America: The Last Best Hope,
10751:Painter, Nell Irvin (2007).
10737:Slavery in the United States
10593:Scribner, Robert L. (1983).
10373:Blows Must Decide: 1774–1776
10079:U.S. News & World Report
9982:"n 1854, the passage of the
9827:Douglass, Frederick (1849).
9664:WPA Slave Narratives Project
9624:Glossary of American slavery
9505:4 states that seceded later
9413:Distribution of slaveholders
7913:
7892:
7859:
7838:
7817:
7792:
7771:
7738:
7439:
7433:Farm Security Administration
7403:
7105:U.S. Naval Hospital Beaufort
6764:Burning of Pennsylvania Hall
6726:Secession of Southern states
6474:Freedom suits and Dred Scott
6141:
5942:Africa and the American Flag
5886:Native American slave owners
5860:kidnapping children of color
5567:Abolitionist and politician
5229:American proslavery movement
4309:Battle of Bear Valley (1918)
4294:Crazy Snake Rebellion (1909)
4289:Battle of Sugar Point (1898)
4209:Rogue River Wars (1855–1856)
3815:Alcohol and Native Americans
3710:Slavery in the United States
3489:School segregation in the US
3027:Black American Sign Language
3001:Languages and other dialects
1577:Temporary Slavery Commission
1238:Slavery in the Mongol Empire
7:
32094:Slavery of Native Americans
31900:New York City riots of 1863
31725:Battle Hymn of the Republic
31476:United Confederate Veterans
31313:Children of the Confederacy
31303:United Confederate Veterans
31298:Southern Historical Society
30450:
29930:Price's Missouri Expedition
29400:Timeline leading to the War
29374:
28623:Michael Row the Boat Ashore
27519:Black players in ice hockey
27454:National Urban League (NUL)
27280:American Society of Muslims
26518:Selma to Montgomery marches
26438:Brown v. Board of Education
26327:The Hemingses of Monticello
26228:African-American literature
24268:Abraham Lincoln and slavery
23530:The New York Times Magazine
22691:. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
22577:Andrews, William L. (2019)
22457:. New York: The New Press.
22435:. New York: The New Press.
22296:Journal of Southern History
22137:. Oxford University Press.
21942:
21918:Trexler, Harrison Anthony.
21632:Burke, Diane Mutti (2010).
21300:Van Cleve, George William.
21034:Journal of Economic History
20877:Wiecek, William M. (1977).
20864:United States Census Bureau
20622:Miller, James, ed. (2001).
20562:. New York: Hill and Wang.
20560:American Slavery, 1619–1877
19909:. London; New York: Verso.
19887:. London; New York: Verso.
19840:. New York: The New Press.
18524:Journal of Economic History
17977:Critical Historical Studies
17934:The Economic History Review
17444:Journal of Economic History
17399:Journal of Economic History
17282:Journal of Economic History
17131:Anderson, James D. (1988).
17049:The Daily Memphis Avalanche
15508:Schafer, Daniel L. (2013).
15098:Davis, Floyd James (2001).
14756:McInnis, Maurie D. (2011).
12117:(LSU Press, 2006) pp. 1–11.
11663:10.5749/buildland.20.2.0102
11655:10.5749/buildland.20.2.0102
10722:American Slavery: 1619–1877
10696:Clavin, Matthew J. (2019).
10068:"The First Black Americans"
9872:McDonough, Gary W. (1993).
9845:Smith, Julia Floyd (1973).
9561:
6946:New-York Historical Society
6759:Martyrdom of Elijah Lovejoy
6603:End of Atlantic slave trade
6401:Religion of black Americans
6394:
5699:Black refugee (War of 1812)
5484:(with British abolitionist
5223:Justifications in the South
5162:Slavery in the 19th century
4218:Puget Sound War (1855–1856)
4202:Ghost Dance War (1890–1891)
4194:Great Sioux War (1876–1877)
4190:Red Cloud's War (1866–1868)
4174:First Sioux War (1854-1856)
4100:Chiricahua Wars (1860–1886)
2316:African-American businesses
1597:Ad Hoc Committee on Slavery
642:Volga Bulgarian slave trade
10:
32130:
31868:Confederate Secret Service
31456:Grand Army of the Republic
31348:Grand Army of the Republic
31166:Southern Claims Commission
29173:Children of the plantation
27676:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
27434:Nashville Student Movement
26445:Children of the plantation
26143:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
25249:(c. 1705 Bornu – 1775 Eng)
25065:Slave Narrative Collection
25006:
24811:African-American opponents
24694:Emeline and Samuel Hawkins
24342:Children of the plantation
24273:Andrew Johnson and slavery
24263:Zachary Taylor and slavery
24209:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
24178:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
24143:American slave court cases
24107:Amerindian slave ownership
23509:Louis Round Wilson Library
22871:Schwalm, Leslie A. (1997)
22756:Gellman, David Nathaniel.
22581:(Oxford University Press).
22479:. New York: The New Press.
22302:617–630, on colonial era.
22109:, Ballantine Books, 2006,
22046:American Historical Review
21949:Jenkins, Gary (director).
21910:Negro Slavery in Louisiana
20680:Morris, Thomas D. (1996).
20470:Higginbotham, A. Leon, Jr.
19657:
19515:Glatthaar, Joseph (2009).
19490:, by Tom Blake, 2001–2005.
19486:September 5, 2015, at the
19442:December 14, 2006, at the
19334:. Routledge. p. 556.
19172:. LSU Press. p. 126.
19166:Rucker, Walter C. (2006).
18879:Cambridge University Press
18799:Princeton University Press
18432:W. W. Norton & Company
17590:American Historical Review
16785:Images of America: Altoona
16426:(2nd ed.). New York:
16261:Frost, J. William (1998).
16186:Frost, J. William (1998).
16090:Morris, Thomas D. (1999).
15803:Williams, Caroline Randall
15787:Guillory, Monique (1999),
15733:Phillips, Patrick (2016).
15699:. Atlantic Monthly Press.
15406:Smith, Julia Floyd (1991)
15297:10.1186/gb-2009-10-12-r141
15245:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.11.010
14931:December 20, 2011, at the
14896:Morris, Thomas D. (1999).
14820:The Social Science Journal
14691:(Thesis). Boston College.
14535:(2): 240–241. April 1931.
14065:South Branch Intelligencer
13550:Letters from the Frontiers
13547:McCall, George A. (1868).
12880:Rasmussen, Daniel (2011).
12352:and the Battle for America
11978:John Brown and His Friends
11973:Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin
11895:Charleston, South Carolina
11142:December 23, 2013, at the
10675:. Macmillan. p. 206.
10400:www.americanrevolution.org
10371:(Documentary), Episode II:
10122:Baltimore Histories Weekly
9538:
9532:
9445:Georgetown, South Carolina
9381:
9323:
9294:
9265:
9236:
9207:
9178:
9149:
9120:
9091:
9062:
9033:
9004:
8975:
8946:
8917:
8888:
8859:
8830:
8801:
8772:
8743:
8714:
8685:
8656:
8627:
8598:
8569:
8540:
8511:
8482:
8453:
8424:
8395:
8366:
8337:
8308:
8279:
8250:
7934:United States Coast Survey
7698:African-American genealogy
7695:
7692:Origins of American slaves
7454:Lowcountry Digital Library
7407:
7334:
7291:
7281:
7265:'s 1863 woodblock etching
7157:Francis Bicknell Carpenter
7139:
7125:
7119:
7056:
7030:
7012:
6846:Recapture of Anthony Burns
6716:1860 presidential election
6691:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
6575:
6572:Civil War and emancipation
6520:
6510:
6477:
6458:
6452:
6412:
6398:
6368:'s hand as branded by the
6350:South Carolina slave codes
6347:
6333:
6327:
6262:Children of the plantation
6255:
6226:on the plaza north of the
6151:
6145:
6124:Crawford, Frazer & Co.
6095:Middleton Place Foundation
6036:
6022:
6016:
5952:
5900:
5892:Amerindian slave ownership
5889:
5878:
5782:1811 German Coast uprising
5728:
5722:
5696:
5631:
5438:
5432:
5310:
5304:
5298:
5236:
5226:
5193:
5175:
5165:
5153:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5123:
5117:
5081:
5075:
5052:
5025:
5015:
4988:
4952:
4942:
4913:Engagé system in Louisiana
4898:
4884:
4870:
4371:Occupation of Wounded Knee
4142:Black Hawk War (1865–1872)
4130:Battle at Fort Utah (1850)
4112:Geronimo's War (1881–1886)
4108:Victorio's War (1879–1880)
4007:American Revolutionary War
2854:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
2529:Congressional Black Caucus
2496:African Diaspora Religions
2283:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
1782:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1619:Anti-Slavery International
1384:North Africa and West Asia
50:
41:
26:
31967:
31943:
31856:Confederate States dollar
31828:
31770:
31715:
31667:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
31662:Emancipation Proclamation
31624:
31556:Medal of Honor recipients
31513:
31509:
31492:
31444:Confederate Memorial Hall
31426:
31405:
31363:
31335:
31326:
31246:Confederate Memorial Hall
31219:Confederate History Month
31199:Civil War Discovery Trail
31179:
31100:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
30931:
30906:Reconstruction Amendments
30896:
30892:
30881:
30803:
30672:
30665:
30605:
30469:
30462:
30458:
30445:
30387:
30134:
30127:
29958:
29814:
29773:
29741:
29708:
29701:
29697:
29668:
29565:
29515:Emancipation Proclamation
29483:
29384:
29380:
29369:
29259:
29238:
29160:
29112:
29072:
29018:
28881:
28773:
28765:South Carolina Lowcountry
28719:
28688:
28681:
28664:
28641:
28600:
28519:
28503:
28478:
28419:
28412:
28346:
28313:Index of related articles
28191:
28106:
27830:
27763:
27701:
27601:
27562:
27494:
27487:
27402:
27322:
27314:Doctrine of Father Divine
27260:
27202:
26851:
26706:
26698:Women's suffrage movement
26651:Reconstruction Amendments
26458:Voting Rights Act of 1965
26377:
26215:
26188:
26153:
26136:To a Southern Slaveholder
26127:
26092:
25924:The Bondwoman's Narrative
25873:
25799:My Bondage and My Freedom
25783:The Life of Josiah Henson
25767:American Slavery as It Is
25742:
25709:
25369:
25325:
25300:
25274:
25227:
25210:
25195:Andreas Matthäus Wolfgang
25084:
25073:
25060:
25004:
24881:
24788:
24761:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue
24686:
24646:
24635:
24489:
24395:Emancipation Proclamation
24355:
24320:Sexual relations and rape
24298:
24248:James Madison and slavery
24130:
23978:
23900:
23893:
23872:
23858:
23597:
23557:
23552:Links to related articles
23328:Discussions by foreigners
22904:, Volume 1, Number 2, pp.
22894:127.6 (2022): 1721–1781.
22791:Larson, Edward J. (2023)
22365:Albert, Octavia V. Rogers
21994:Historiography and memory
21954:(Lifedocumentaries, 2010)
21538:10.1017/S0738248013000242
21411:10.1007/s11127-008-9297-7
21321:Williamson, Joel (1990).
21169:
20658:, Ayer Publishing, 1980.
20626:. San Diego, California:
19721:. New York: Basic Books.
19618:Bonekemper III, Edward H.
19576:Journal of Family History
18926:10.1016/j.eeh.2017.12.002
18888:10.1017/S002205071700016X
18711:Ethnic America: A History
18537:10.1017/S0022050713000594
18192:10.1016/j.eeh.2023.101552
18126:10.1016/j.eeh.2017.12.002
18028:10.1017/S0022050715000996
17720:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17558:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17457:10.1017/S002205070003134X
17412:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17364:10.1017/S0022050700040602
17295:10.1017/S0022050721000590
17247:10.1017/S0007123415000101
17162:. Enslow Publishers, INC.
17051:. May 16, 1877. p. 2
16645:(Harper & Row, 1976).
15987:2027/spo.2629860.0027.203
15946:Syracuse University Press
15331:American sexual histories
15077:"A Museum for Nat Turner"
14685:Dickman, Michael (2015).
14033:American Slavery As It Is
13976:Alexandria Gazette-Packet
13655:Binder, Wolfgang (1987).
13363:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
13287:American Indian Quarterly
12480:"Regulation of the Trade"
12113:David Nathaniel Gellman,
11943:, by David Brion Davis".
11886:"The Slave Trade Meeting"
11643:Building & Landscapes
11052:10.1017/s0738248012000697
10841:. New York Public Library
10480:www.digitalhistory.uh.edu
10325:Nell, William C. (1855).
10073:February 2, 2011, at the
9973:, National Park Service.
9775:Abzug, Robert H. (1980).
8184:
7709:and Louisiana (1700–1820)
7288:Reconstruction Amendments
7273:1865-3 variant 101540.F)
7059:Emancipation Proclamation
7053:Emancipation Proclamation
6795:Oberlin–Wellington Rescue
6770:American Slavery As It Is
5897:High demand and smuggling
5620:The Anti-Slavery Alphabet
5555:was chief justice of the
5429:Abolitionism in the North
4803:congressional politicians
4565:Native American languages
4096:Jicarilla War (1849–1855)
4076:Red River War (1874–1875)
4064:Comanche Wars (1836–1877)
3760:Indian Appropriations Act
3361:US states and territories
2662:American Life and History
2384:Lift Every Voice and Sing
2093:Treatment of the enslaved
1878:Emancipation Proclamation
1550:Opposition and resistance
1308:Sex trafficking in Europe
1296:Blackbirding in Polynesia
859:Trans-Saharan slave trade
164:'s scourged back (1863);
31930:U.S. Sanitary Commission
31841:Battlefield preservation
31747:Marching Through Georgia
31672:Hampton Roads Conference
31647:Confiscation Act of 1862
31642:Confiscation Act of 1861
31418:U.S. national cemeteries
31224:Confederate Memorial Day
31209:Civil War Trails Program
31078:New Orleans riot of 1866
28818:History of Guinea-Bissau
28781:African-American history
28727:Beaufort, South Carolina
28649:African-American culture
28363:United States portal
27798:African-American English
27227:Inventors and scientists
26919:George Washington Carver
26523:Chicago Freedom Movement
26082:The Underground Railroad
25847:The Peculiar Institution
25492:Sarah Jane Woodson Early
24994:The Underground Railroad
24380:Compensated emancipation
23463:The Abolitionist Seminar
22973:10.1177/0090591704268924
22814:Parish, Peter J. (2022)
22673:Brady, Steven J. (2022)
22056:by American sociologist
22054:Slavery and Social Death
20786:Scarborough, William K.
20349:Frey, Sylvia R. (1991).
20327:—— (2007) .
20041:. London: Pelican Books.
20037:—— (1970) .
19836:—— (1992) .
19742:; Weiss, Thomas (1980).
19687:—— (1945) .
19588:10.1177/0363199008318919
19041:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
19005:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
18972:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
18939:Davis, Adrienne (2002).
17829:Harvard University Press
16404:www.historyisaweapon.com
15644:Johnson, Walter (2000).
15429:. Chicago Review Press.
14471:Generations of Captivity
14458:Generations of Captivity
14445:Generations of Captivity
14432:Generations of Captivity
14410:Generations of Captivity
14376:Kulikoff, Allan (1992).
14360:Generations of Captivity
14347:Generations of Captivity
14249:Generations of Captivity
14208:, 1994, by James Trager.
13997:Dew, Charles B. (2016).
13941:Wasserman, Adam (2010).
13801:Finkelman, Paul (2007).
12936:"Unidentified Young Man"
12772:Journal of Negro History
12637:. Starts timestamp 23:40
12443:African Economic History
12437:Kelley, Sean M. (2018).
12348:Mightier Than the Sword:
12333:Generations of Captivity
12318:Commager, Henry Steele.
12049:Williams, James (1838).
11891:Charleston Daily Courier
11373:Mississippi Encyclopedia
11028:(Cengage Learning, 2008)
10864:Hubbard, Robert Ernest.
10837:Finkelman, Paul (2007).
10797:World Socialist Web Site
10771:World Socialist Web Site
10734:Finkelman, Paul (2012).
10578:Frey, Sylvia R. (1991).
10559:. AmericanRevolution.org
9731:
9721:Slavery in Latin America
7595:Geography and demography
7101:Beaufort, South Carolina
6818:Trial of Reuben Crandall
6731:Peace Conference of 1861
6706:Caning of Charles Sumner
5411:Constitutional amendment
5356:New Orleans slave depots
4366:Trail of Broken Treaties
4254:Hualapai War (1865–1870)
4222:Coeur d'Alene War (1858)
4182:Colorado War (1863–1865)
3563:United States portal
2970:African-American English
2481:African-American Muslims
2042:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
1658:Compensated emancipation
869:Indian Ocean slave trade
168:'s painting inspired by
166:Thomas Satterwhite Noble
45:The Peculiar Institution
31851:Confederate war finance
31471:Southern Cross of Honor
31439:1938 Gettysburg reunion
31434:1913 Gettysburg reunion
31132:Reconstruction Treaties
31105:Enforcement Act of 1870
30988:Freedman's Savings Bank
29605:Lane Debates on Slavery
29430:Lincoln–Douglas debates
28854:History of Sierra Leone
28747:Golden Isles of Georgia
28286:African-American firsts
27335:Back-to-Africa movement
27304:Black Hebrew Israelites
27084:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
26632:Partus sequitur ventrem
26253:Films featuring slavery
25717:Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua
25641:William Henry Singleton
25446:Ellen and William Craft
24895:Harriet Tubman Memorial
24215:Partus sequitur ventrem
24158:Three-fifths Compromise
23305:—— (1999).
23062:Oxford University Press
22543:Missouri History Museum
22275:OAH Magazine of History
22221:, Michael F. Holt, and
22163:Slavery & Abolition
22093:OAH Magazine of History
22068:Slavery & Abolition
22005:OAH Magazine of History
21878:Sellers, James Benson;
21748:Greenwood Press, 2004.
21625:State and local studies
21443:OAH Magazine of History
20592:—— (1961).
20533:Kaplan, Sidney (1973).
20258:and Loren Schweninger.
20233:—— (2010).
20211:—— (2015).
19905:—— (1988).
19814:—— (1998).
19193:Susan Schulten (2010).
19102:Slavery & Abolition
18456:de Tocqueville, Alexise
18354:Calonius, Erik (2006).
18271:2027/njp.32101058916295
18173:Rhode, Paul W. (2023).
17178:The Journal of Politics
17158:Ford, Carin T. (2004).
17103:Litwack (1998), p. 271.
16882:"History of Juneteenth"
16509:"Image 74 of Page view"
16428:Leavitt, Lord & Co.
16215:Smedley, R. C. (2005).
16080:Rodriguez, pp. 616–617.
15911:Lexington Herald-Leader
14862:Barclay, J. L. (2021).
14206:The People's Chronology
13807:New York Public Library
13734:OAH Magazine of History
13009:Slavery & Abolition
12535:Grindal, Peter (2016).
12511:OAH Magazine of History
12484:New York Public Library
11916:The Slave Ship Wanderer
11213:Slavery & Abolition
10654:Hartmann, Thom (2019).
9781:Oxford University Press
9483:11 states that seceded
7509:American Anthropologist
7431:35mm nitrate negative,
7155:(1864) oil painting by
6711:Lincoln–Douglas debates
6437:The Lord is My Shepherd
6281:(1878) oil painting by
6134:just prior to the 1864
5843:Missouri History Museum
5740:Discovery of Nat Turner
5398:illegal slave shipments
5354:Newspaper listings for
5213:Louisiana State Gazette
5126:Slave Trade Act of 1794
5120:Three-fifths Compromise
5114:Three-fifths Compromise
4279:Bannock Uprising (1895)
4244:Yavapai Wars(1861–1875)
4234:Navajo Wars (1849–1866)
4186:Powder River War (1865)
4092:Apache Wars (1849–1924)
3900:Indigenous Peoples' Day
3715:Partus sequitur ventrem
3484:Reparations for slavery
2572:Back-to-Africa movement
2471:Black Hebrew Israelites
2349:African-American beauty
1582:1926 Slavery Convention
1338:Germany in World War II
955:North and South America
477:Contract of manumission
198:, abolitionist; ad for
31910:Richmond riots of 1863
31836:Baltimore riot of 1861
31616:U.S. Military Railroad
31536:Confederate Home Guard
31268:Historiographic issues
31234:Historical reenactment
29733:Revenue Cutter Service
29600:William Lloyd Garrison
29509:Dred Scott v. Sandford
28527:Afro-American religion
28254:Spingarn Medal winners
27743:States and territories
27514:Black NFL quarterbacks
27014:Martin Luther King Jr.
26546:Dred Scott v. Sandford
26485:Montgomery bus boycott
26101:Amos Fortune, Free Man
25335:Juan Francisco Manzano
25310:Marie-Joseph Angélique
25218:Brigitta Scherzenfeldt
25201:Johann Georg Wolffgang
25183:Guðríður Símonardóttir
25122:James Leander Cathcart
24290:Supreme Court Justices
24258:John Tyler and slavery
24233:Presidents and slavery
24222:Dred Scott v. Sandford
23541:University of Virginia
23487:at the History Channel
22530:Autographs for Freedom
22264:Westview Press. 1989.
22133:Ford, Lacy K. (2009).
21890:Slavery in Mississippi
21868:Rivers, Larry Eugene.
21526:Law and History Review
20903:Capitalism and Slavery
20796:Schermerhorn, Calvin.
20416:Elizabeth Fox-Genovese
20375:The Indian Slave Trade
20278:Fredrickson, George M.
20004:Coughtry, Jay (1981).
19548:July 19, 2013, at the
18552:Williamson, Jeffrey G.
18512:Williamson, Jeffrey G.
18141:"Shackles and Dollars"
17883:Wright, Gavin (2022).
17112:Blackmon (2008), p. 4.
16536:(Bedford Books, 1997).
15567:The Horrors of Slavery
14923:Thomas Weiss, Review:
14296:"Gun Reviews Archives"
13999:The Making of a Racist
13699:Mulroy, Kevin (2007).
13685:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13574:Mulroy, Kevin (2016).
13491:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13456:Chronicles of Oklahoma
13450:Duncan, J. W. (1928).
13378:Perdue, Theda (1979).
13062:Peter Kolchin (1993),
12655:: CS1 maint: others (
12388:Gilbert Hobbs Barnes,
12240:The Selling of Joseph,
12200:Peter Kolchin (1993),
11725:"The 'Mudsill' Theory"
11499:W. W. Norton & Co.
11281:Stowe, Harriet Beecher
11040:Law and History Review
10203:Morison and Commager:
9969:July 14, 2007, at the
9558:
9467:Slave-Owning Families
9422:
8209:
7937:
7921:Distribution of slaves
7604:
7591:
7577:
7574:
7571:Carnegie Museum of Art
7555:
7552:
7541:
7538:
7530:
7513:
7478:
7457:
7436:
7400:
7382:
7379:
7364:Prisoners pick cotton
7357:
7350:Nathan Bedford Forrest
7327:
7274:
7254:
7163:
7160:
7112:
7085:
7082:
7049:
7005:
6956:Pro-slavery activists
6949:
6859:Virginia v. John Brown
6852:Dred Scott v. Sandford
6754:Nat Turner's Rebellion
6568:
6544:
6503:
6480:Dred Scott v. Sandford
6471:
6469:
6445:
6391:
6383:
6376:Southworth & Hawes
6321:
6318:
6293:
6290:
6243:
6215:
6200:
6197:McPherson & Oliver
6183:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
6138:
6116:
6101:
6098:
6082:
6074:
6010:
6007:
5991:
5945:
5871:
5846:
5800:Nat Turner's Rebellion
5759:
5715:
5689:
5671:
5624:
5610:
5598:
5584:
5560:
5544:
5524:
5496:, 1851 meeting of the
5482:William Lloyd Garrison
5470:
5386:
5370:
5367:
5347:
5344:Kid Ory Historic House
5331:
5292:
5290:
5282:
5273:benevolent paternalism
5220:
5217:
5159:
5156:
5110:
5068:
5067:, John J. Smith, 1888)
5045:
5022:Dunmore's Proclamation
5008:
4981:
4935:
4927:
4661:Southeastern Woodlands
4641:Northeastern Woodlands
4426:Native American Church
4361:Occupation of Alcatraz
4214:Yakima War (1855–1858)
4170:Sioux Wars (1854–1891)
4146:White River War (1879)
4134:Walker War (1853–1854)
4012:Cherokee–American wars
3810:Native American rights
2954:Dialects and languages
2114:Second Great Migration
1063:British Virgin Islands
615:Circassian slave trade
581:Safavid imperial harem
576:Ottoman Imperial Harem
174:interstate slave trade
31875:Great Revival of 1863
31752:Maryland, My Maryland
31541:Confederate railroads
31204:Civil War Roundtables
31073:Meridian riot of 1871
31068:Memphis riots of 1866
29625:George Luther Stearns
29610:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
29503:Crittenden Compromise
28882:Related ethnic groups
28847:History of the Gambia
28706:Port Royal Experiment
28520:Religion and folklore
28460:Daughters of the Dust
27564:Athletic associations
27499:Negro league baseball
27270:African-American Jews
26989:Ketanji Brown Jackson
26954:Henry Highland Garnet
26813:Negro National Anthem
26563:George Floyd protests
26528:Post–civil rights era
26050:Walk Through Darkness
25986:Underground to Canada
25599:Jermain Wesley Loguen
25544:(1848/1854 VA – 1957)
25471:Ayuba Suleiman Diallo
25287:Konstantin Mihailović
25235:Lovisa von Burghausen
24954:The Quest for Freedom
24619:Charles Turner Torrey
24614:Harriet Beecher Stowe
24579:Harriet Forten Purvis
24163:Slave and free states
24153:Fugitive Slave Clause
24067:List of abolitionists
23920:Slavery in New France
23469:American Abolitionism
23444:, Library of Congress
23408:"Traces of the Trade"
23242:Thayer & Eldridge
23003:Singleton, Theresa A.
22914:10.1353/cap.2020.0000
22855:Yale University Press
22795:(W. W. Norton, 2023)
22711:Slavery & The Law
22551:Morgan, Kenneth, ed.
22425:; Miller, Steven F.;
21654:Fede, Andrew (1992).
21490:Freehling, William W.
21455:10.1093/oahmag/oar004
20673:, W.W. Norton, 1975.
20303:Freehling, William W.
20149:, W.W. Norton, 1989.
19433:Castillo, E.D. 1998.
18498:George M. Fredrickson
18096:. Columbia University
17860:Yale University Press
17322:lcdl.library.cofc.edu
17015:10.1353/cwh.2023.0009
16682:Battle Cry of Freedom
16601:Leonard L. Richards,
15832:Dunn, Marvin (2016).
15695:Allman, T.D. (2013).
15195:10.1089/heq.2017.0045
14502:Internal Slave Trades
14093:All Things Considered
14070:Romney, West Virginia
13867:World Digital Library
13768:Thomas, Hugh (1997).
13485:Davis, J. B. (1933).
12941:World Digital Library
12736:"Endings, Beginnings"
12455:10.1353/aeh.2018.0004
12023:Science & Society
11851:Cartwright, Samuel A.
11821:Cartwright, Samuel A.
11573:Johnson, Soul by Soul
11078:Encyclopedia Virginia
11074:"Fugitive Slave Laws"
10333:. Robert F. Wallcut.
10032:"Slavery in New York"
9548:
9420:
8207:
7928:
7696:Further information:
7602:
7582:
7576:
7565:
7554:
7546:
7540:
7536:
7524:
7489:
7468:
7447:
7422:
7399:, September 22, 1866)
7392:
7381:
7363:
7348:
7305:
7282:Further information:
7260:
7168:
7162:
7149:
7126:Further information:
7109:Port Royal Experiment
7097:Timothy H. O'Sullivan
7090:
7084:
7066:
7044:
6970:Alexander H. Stephens
6966:R. Barnwell Rhett Jr.
6955:
6933:
6885:Battle of Fort Sumter
6840:Prigg v. Pennsylvania
6721:Crittenden Compromise
6556:, oil on paperboard,
6550:
6534:
6511:Further information:
6491:
6470:
6468:
6459:Further information:
6430:
6399:Further information:
6389:
6361:
6334:Further information:
6320:
6298:
6292:
6287:Cincinnati Art Museum
6277:
6221:
6206:
6173:
6122:
6106:
6100:
6088:
6080:
6050:
6023:Further information:
6009:
5997:
5966:
5949:Colonization movement
5914:
5901:Further information:
5858:The slave trade made
5857:
5840:
5748:William Henry Shelton
5738:
5706:
5677:
5641:
5616:
5604:
5590:
5566:
5550:
5530:
5475:
5456:
5441:List of abolitionists
5439:Further information:
5415:Crittenden Compromise
5380:
5369:
5353:
5337:
5320:
5305:Further information:
5291:
5289:
5270:
5227:Further information:
5219:
5207:
5176:Further information:
5168:Slave and free states
5158:
5137:
5091:
5084:Fugitive Slave Clause
5082:Further information:
5062:
5035:
5005:Battle of Bunker Hill
4998:
4966:
4953:Further information:
4933:
4921:
4891:Slavery in New France
4885:Further information:
4421:Traditional religions
4329:Civil rights movement
4284:Yaqui Uprising (1896)
4259:Modoc War (1872–1873)
4249:Snake War (1864–1869)
4229:Mohave War(1858–1859)
4158:Bluff Skirmish (1921)
4154:Bluff War (1914–1915)
4104:Tonto War (1871–1875)
3845:Mississippian culture
3800:Civil rights movement
3366:US metropolitan areas
3193:List of neighborhoods
2807:Alabama Creole people
2797:African-American Jews
2729:Negro league baseball
2692:National Urban League
2644:Civic/economic groups
2476:African-American Jews
2366:African-American hair
2228:, after the Civil War
2057:Post–civil rights era
1302:Europe and North Asia
1262:Australia and Oceania
962:Pre-Columbian America
534:Slave raid of Suðuroy
466:Slavery in al-Andalus
388:Black Sea slave trade
317:21st-century jihadism
31762:Daar kom die Alibama
31677:National Union Party
31353:memorials to Lincoln
31273:Lost Cause mythology
30978:Eufaula riot of 1874
30966:Confederate refugees
30179:District of Columbia
29806:Union naval blockade
29652:Underground Railroad
29440:Nullification crisis
29261:Lists of plantations
29230:Underground Railroad
28793:Atlantic slave trade
28468:Gullah Gullah Island
27771:Afro-Seminole Creole
27297:Azusa Street Revival
27169:Booker T. Washington
26693:Underground Railroad
26558:Free people of color
26412:Atlantic slave trade
26248:Caribbean literature
26238:Atlantic slave trade
25791:Twelve Years a Slave
25684:Booker T. Washington
25486:Jordan Winston Early
24938:A Woman Called Moses
24806:opponents of slavery
24779:Thirteenth Amendment
24741:Joshua Glover rescue
24554:Laura Smith Haviland
24483:Underground Railroad
24189:Gag rule (1836–1840)
24050:Underground Railroad
24025:Domestic slave trade
24010:Mandatory illiteracy
23915:Slavery in New Spain
23866:District of Columbia
23370:Gone with the Wind.
23349:American Literature,
22947:36.2 (2022): 81–98.
22488:Blassingame, John W.
22382:An American (1855).
22154:Fox-Amato, Matthew.
21789:Slavery in Tennessee
21734:Jennison, Watson W.
21141:Agricultural History
20770:Rodriguez, Junius P.
20652:Moore, Wilbert Ellis
20646:Encyclopedia of Rape
20448:Hashaw, Tim (2007).
20158:Engerman, Stanley L.
20107:Fehrenbacher, Don E.
19947:Blassingame, John W.
19927:Blackmon, Douglas A.
18067:10.1257/jel.20151334
17902:10.1257/jep.36.2.123
16983:Thomas C. Holt, ed.
16924:– via YouTube.
16654:Potter, pp. 448–554.
16547:Fehrenbacher, Don E.
16386:The Code of Virginia
15932:Brandt, Nat (1990).
15462:www.encyclopedia.com
14879:. Routledge, p. 79.
14875:Andrew Fede (2012).
14792:Lawrence M. Friedman
14739:Clinton, Catherine,
13466:on December 19, 2007
12988:Foner, Eric (2009).
12850:(January 12, 2013).
12702:on October 15, 2007.
11807:Simon & Schuster
11721:Hammond, James Henry
10980:136.3–4 (2008): 293.
10935:Bennett, William J.
10354:Foner, Eric (2010).
9804:Wood, Peter (2003).
9634:List of slave owners
9604:United States portal
8425:District of Columbia
7461:Efficiency of slaves
7261:Color lithograph of
6824:Commonwealth v. Aves
6681:Nashville Convention
6671:Mexican–American War
6641:Nullification crisis
6563:by Eastman Johnson (
6449:Mandatory illiteracy
6354:New York slave codes
6222:Sale at auction, by
5796:'s conspiracy (1822)
5766:'s conspiracy (1800)
5681:The Liberty Minstrel
5664:Islamic dietary laws
5658:, and a delivery of
5607:Underground Railroad
5569:Joshua Reed Giddings
5445:Underground Railroad
5364:New Orleans Crescent
5278:Anti-Slavery Almanac
5095:Pennsylvania Gazette
5065:Historical Geography
4887:Atlantic slave trade
4602:Tribal disenrollment
4299:Last Massacre (1911)
4264:Nez Perce War (1877)
4017:Northwest Indian War
3765:Racial Integrity Act
3622:in the United States
3523:Criminal stereotypes
3298:District of Columbia
3015:Afro-Seminole Creole
2457:Non-Christian groups
2052:Black power movement
2016:during the Civil War
1985:Atlantic slave trade
1757:Indentured servitude
1685:Underground Railroad
1485:United Arab Emirates
874:Zanzibar slave trade
841:By country or region
654:Atlantic slave trade
556:Ma malakat aymanukum
440:Venetian slave trade
31920:Supreme Court cases
31687:Radical Republicans
31466:Old soldiers' homes
31450:Confederate Veteran
31376:artworks in Capitol
31095:Reconstruction acts
30956:Colfax riot of 1873
29920:Richmond-Petersburg
29525:Fugitive slave laws
29455:Popular sovereignty
29435:Missouri Compromise
29425:Kansas-Nebraska Act
29225:Fugitive slave laws
28608:Charleston red rice
28420:Film and television
28166:Trinidad and Tobago
27781:Black American Sign
27608:By African descent
27602:Ethnic subdivisions
27589:Southwestern (SWAC)
27504:Baseball color line
27419:Black Panther Party
27323:Political movements
27240:in computer science
26899:Carol Moseley Braun
26688:Tulsa race massacre
26681:Treatment of slaves
26513:March on Washington
26508:Birmingham movement
26243:Captivity narrative
26074:The Book of Negroes
25855:The Slave Community
25719:(1845–1847, Brazil)
25646:James Lindsay Smith
25553:John Andrew Jackson
25488:(1814 – after 1894)
25442:(1845 KY – 1938 OH)
25435:William Wells Brown
25394:Jared Maurice Arter
25389:William J. Anderson
25282:Johann Schiltberger
24946:Roots of Resistance
24828:Fugitive slave laws
24574:William Cooper Nell
24410:Radical Republicans
24357:Civil War and after
24285:Members of Congress
24102:List of plantations
23885:U.S. Virgin Islands
23437:Library of Congress
23412:Traces of the Trade
23382:Van Deburg, William
23337:(1913). "Slavery".
23187:G. P. Putnam's Sons
22499:Douglass, Frederick
22326:, Spring 2009, Vol.
22191:Klarman, Michael J.
21888:Sydnor, Charles S.
20384:Genovese, Eugene D.
20256:Franklin, John Hope
20050:Duberman, Martin B.
19951:The Slave Community
19414:Coleman, Ronald G.
18860:Hilt, Eric (2017).
18674:Genovese, Eugene D.
18550:Lindert, Peter H.;
18510:Lindert, Peter H.;
18398:10.1257/jep.1.1.161
18236:10.1093/qje/qjae023
17542:(1): 142, 147–148.
17358:(1): 141, 146–147.
16966:E. Merton Coulter.
16956:. October 30, 2015.
16721:. New York: Knopf.
16001:Genovese, Eugene D.
15864:The Washington Post
14712:"The Scourged Back"
13834:on January 8, 2011.
13754:James A. McMillin,
13254:. January 1, 2006.
12251:McCullough, David.
12171:"Gradual abolition"
12073:Arthur Zilversmit,
12002:American Missionary
11809:. pp. 130–162.
11417:Library of Congress
11411:Jefferson, Thomas.
10914:McCullough, David.
10890:McCullough, David.
10773:. November 28, 2019
9984:Kansas-Nebraska Act
9916:The Washington Post
8216:
7720:West-central Africa
7614:
7588:Old St. Louis Hotel
7551:, August 11, 1860).
7429:Marion Post Wolcott
7308:Radical Republicans
6696:Kansas–Nebraska Act
6636:Missouri Compromise
6626:Northwest Ordinance
6591:
6541:Lexington, Kentucky
6006:, December 1, 1832)
5977:Pennsylvania Colony
5868:Constitutional Whig
5850:Female slave owners
5490:William Wells Brown
5453:Radical Republicans
5366:, January 10, 1861)
4976:of South Carolina (
4607:Reservation poverty
4590:Societal statistics
4514:Ethnic subdivisions
4322:Political movements
4126:Ute Wars(1850–1923)
4043:Second Seminole War
3952:Anglo-Powhatan Wars
3614:Part of a series on
2919:Sierra Leone Creole
2880:Specific ancestries
2765:Southwestern (SWAC)
2288:Black History Month
2119:New Great Migration
2073:Agriculture history
1843:Slave Route Project
974:Americas indigenous
864:Red Sea slave trade
854:Contemporary Africa
717:Topics and practice
487:Crimean slave trade
482:Bukhara slave trade
435:Genoese slave trade
312:Contemporary Africa
292:Forced prostitution
31741:A Lincoln Portrait
31682:Politicians killed
31606:U.S. Balloon Corps
31601:Union corps badges
31381:memorials to Davis
31251:Disenfranchisement
31122:Reconstruction era
31003:Timber Culture Act
30961:Compromise of 1877
29925:Franklin–Nashville
29595:Frederick Douglass
29498:Cornerstone Speech
29415:Compromise of 1850
29363:American Civil War
29092:Plantation economy
28842:History of Senegal
28828:History of Nigeria
28823:History of Liberia
28577:John the Conqueror
28264:US representatives
28259:US cabinet members
28151:Dominican Republic
27738:Metropolitan areas
27579:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
27404:Civic and economic
27382:Self-determination
27203:Education, science
27124:Fred Shuttlesworth
27104:A. Philip Randolph
27009:Coretta Scott King
26934:Frederick Douglass
26761:Harlem Renaissance
26666:Separate but equal
26656:Reconstruction era
26644:Plessy v. Ferguson
26535:Cornerstone Speech
26449:Civil Rights Acts
26432:Black Lives Matter
26407:American Civil War
26197:Unchained Memories
25702:(b. c. 1780 Congo)
25476:Frederick Douglass
25247:Ukawsaw Gronniosaw
25146:Maria ter Meetelen
24949:(1989 documentary)
24609:Calvin Ellis Stowe
24529:Frederick Douglass
24524:Richard Dillingham
24405:Reconstruction era
23533:. August 14, 2019.
23485:Slavery in America
23353:Chapman & Hall
23232:Child, Lydia Maria
23091:978-0-15-101-232-9
22884:Scholarly articles
22802:Morgan, Kenneth O.
22760:(LSU Press, 2006)
22586:Baptist, Edward E.
22547:Slavery Collection
22423:Fields, Barbara J.
22271:Penningroth, Dylan
22244:Neely Jr., Mark E.
22181:American Quarterly
22079:Historical Journal
21908:Taylor, Joe Gray.
21880:Slavery in Alabama
21861:Ripley, C. Peter.
21777:Mohr, Clarence L.
21765:Minges, Patrick N.
21676:Fields, Barbara J.
21597:Patterson, Orlando
21247:Goldwin, Robert A.
21042:3 (September 1974)
20929:. Viking Penguin.
20827:Stampp, Kenneth M.
20436:Harrold, Stanley.
20025:Davis, David Brion
19715:Baptist, Edward E.
19212:10.1353/cwh.0.0141
19152:Gomez, Michael A:
18801:. pp. 22–23.
18603:Robinson, James A.
18554:(September 2012).
18265:. pp. 82–83.
18257:Watkins, James L.
17750:Baptist, Edward E.
16871:(1901), pp. 19–21.
16605:(LSU Press, 2000).
15942:Syracuse, New York
15814:The New York Times
15741:. pp. 78–79.
15033:The New York Times
14814:A. Aguirre, Jr., "
14717:The New York Times
14188:The New York Times
14161:The New York Times
14126:The New York Times
12848:Gates, Henry Louis
12712:Gene Allen Smith,
12350:Uncle Tom's Cabin
12345:Reynolds, David S.
11787:Schott, Thomas E.
11633:McInnis, Maurie D.
11024:Joseph R. Conlin,
10956:Gradert, Kenyon.
10327:"IV, Rhode Island"
10258:Bailyn, Bernard.
10038:, November 7, 2005
9559:
9449:Brookgreen Gardens
9423:
8212:
8210:
7938:
7612:
7605:
7592:
7575:
7553:
7539:
7531:
7514:
7479:
7458:
7437:
7401:
7385:Educational issues
7380:
7373:Angola Prison Farm
7358:
7354:President's Island
7328:
7284:Reconstruction Era
7275:
7255:
7161:
7113:
7083:
7050:
7019:American Civil War
7009:American Civil War
7006:
6950:
6686:Compromise of 1850
6589:American Civil War
6582:
6569:
6545:
6537:William F. Talbott
6504:
6446:
6415:Invisible churches
6392:
6384:
6319:
6300:Andreas Byrenheidt
6291:
6244:
6216:
6201:
6139:
6136:burning of Atlanta
6130:, photographed by
6117:
6099:
6083:
6075:
6008:
5992:
5981:Mississippi Colony
5967:The 1839 Mitchell
5959:History of Liberia
5946:
5875:Black slave owners
5872:
5847:
5760:
5716:
5690:
5672:
5625:
5611:
5599:
5585:
5561:
5545:
5525:
5494:Frederick Douglass
5387:
5368:
5348:
5332:
5283:
5218:
5157:
5111:
5069:
5046:
5042:Ethiopian Regiment
5009:
4982:
4969:The Old Plantation
4936:
4928:
4924:Colony of Virginia
4431:Longhouse Religion
4356:Red Power Movement
4334:Self-determination
4269:Bannock War (1878)
4055:American Civil War
4002:Lord Dunmore's War
3925:Tribal sovereignty
3805:Red Power movement
3785:Blood quantum laws
3740:American Civil War
3720:Indian Removal Act
3675:Post-Classic stage
2928:Sexual orientation
2802:Afro-Puerto Ricans
2755:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
2390:Self-determination
2354:Black is beautiful
2020:Reconstruction era
1624:Blockade of Africa
931:Somali slave trade
847:Sub-Saharan Africa
539:Turkish Abductions
497:Khivan slave trade
492:Khazar slave trade
445:Balkan slave trade
403:Prague slave trade
32001:
32000:
31995:
31994:
31963:
31962:
31959:
31958:
31793:Italian Americans
31778:African Americans
31735:John Brown's Body
31488:
31487:
31484:
31483:
31401:
31400:
31239:Robert E. Lee Day
30983:Freedmen's Bureau
30946:Brooks–Baxter War
30877:
30876:
30873:
30872:
30869:
30868:
30661:
30660:
30441:
30440:
30437:
30436:
30433:
30432:
29850:Northern Virginia
29796:Trans-Mississippi
29769:
29768:
29664:
29663:
29660:
29659:
29556:Uncle Tom's Cabin
29493:African Americans
29329:
29328:
29034:
29033:
29014:
29013:
28889:African Americans
28798:History of Angola
28754:(protected site)
28662:
28661:
28654:Culture of Africa
28633:Robot Hive/Exodus
28601:Music and culture
28494:Vibration Cooking
28444:A Soldier's Story
28371:
28370:
28199:African Americans
28071:Dallas–Fort Worth
27666:Black Southerners
27597:
27596:
27049:Thurgood Marshall
27019:Bernard Lafayette
26614:Million Man March
26371:African Americans
26337:
26336:
26109:I, Juan de Pareja
26093:Young adult books
25900:Uncle Tom's Cabin
25743:Non-fiction books
25738:
25737:
25695:Harriet E. Wilson
25579:Elizabeth Keckley
25425:Henry "Box" Brown
25343:(1860–1965, Cuba)
25337:(1797–1854, Cuba)
25292:George of Hungary
25267:(1792 – fl. 1828)
25020:
25019:
25013:Slavery in Canada
24997:(2021 miniseries)
24965:(2013 board game)
24941:(1978 miniseries)
24734:Uncle Tom's Cabin
24449:
24448:
24445:
24444:
24415:Freedmen's Bureau
23401:Documentary films
23282:Miller, Joseph C.
23264:978-0-8298-0945-9
23219:978-0-89587-118-3
23196:978-0-399-23194-0
23160:978-0-451-62781-0
23137:978-0-89587-069-8
23114:978-0-8139-3240-8
23071:978-0-19-534331-1
22864:978-0-300-19200-1
22841:978-0-544-94710-8
22781:978-0-674-04555-2
22749:978-0-8071-6115-9
22698:978-1-56324-590-9
22663:978-0-8122-4841-8
22634:978-0-385-35325-0
22603:978-0-465-00296-2
22559:Rawick, George P.
22514:978-0-9984730-2-4
22260:Parish; Peter J.
22219:William J. Cooper
22204:978-0-19-994203-9
22144:978-0-19-511809-4
22058:Orlando Patterson
21851:Reidy, Joseph P.
21796:Morgan, Edmund S.
21787:Mooney, Chase C.
21643:978-0-8203-3683-1
21475:Prologue Magazine
20850:Tannenbaum, Frank
20838:Tadman, Michael.
20819:Snyder, Terri L.
20665:Morgan, Edmund S.
20613:978-0-8078-3049-9
20522:978-0-674-04555-2
20459:978-0-7867-1718-7
20338:978-0-19-505815-4
20316:978-0-19-505814-7
20244:978-0-393-06618-0
20222:978-0-393-35219-1
20075:978-0-19-530669-9
19993:978-0-7006-1868-2
19938:978-0-385-50625-0
19894:978-1-84467-569-2
19778:978-0-375-41414-5
19728:978-0-465-04966-0
19673:Aptheker, Herbert
19526:978-1-4165-9697-4
19400:978-1-59884-107-7
19385:Parshall, Ardis E
19341:978-1-317-45791-6
19310:Gutglueck, Mark.
19199:Civil War History
19179:978-0-8071-3109-1
19060:978-0-8135-3061-1
19024:978-0-8135-3061-1
18991:978-0-8135-3061-1
18958:978-0-8135-3061-1
18846:978-1-59403-086-4
18808:978-0-691-04625-9
18783:Engerman, Stanley
18767:978-1-59403-086-4
18729:978-0-465-02075-1
18691:978-0-394-71652-7
18662:. pp. 39–40.
18483:978-0-553-21464-2
18441:978-0-393-09038-3
18365:978-0-312-34347-7
17946:10.1111/ehr.12962
17869:978-0-300-19200-1
17838:978-0-674-04555-2
17803:978-0-8122-2417-7
17769:978-0-465-09768-5
17673:on April 1, 2003.
17648:978-1-59403-086-4
17505:978-1-59403-086-4
17144:978-0-8078-1793-3
17003:Civil War History
16954:National Archives
16855:Bruce C. Levine,
16842:978-0-8131-3961-6
16728:978-0-394-50099-7
16641:David M. Potter,
16628:978-0-19-976270-5
16562:978-0-19-502403-6
16471:www.blackpast.org
16303:978-0-300-01762-5
16276:978-0-13-578071-8
16226:978-0-8117-3189-8
16201:978-0-13-578071-8
16103:978-0-8078-6430-2
16033:978-0-8130-1332-9
15959:978-0-8156-0243-9
15843:978-1-5193-7267-3
15805:(June 26, 2020).
15773:978-0-8130-1733-4
15748:978-0-393-29301-2
15706:978-0-8021-2076-2
15627:978-0-8135-4987-3
15519:978-0-8130-4462-0
15436:978-1-61373-893-1
15393:978-0-8147-9461-6
15368:978-0-8203-5403-3
15340:978-1-4443-3929-1
15111:978-0-271-04463-7
14909:978-0-8078-6430-2
14769:978-0-226-55933-9
14720:. pp. 43–45.
14697:2345/bc-ir:104219
14592:978-0-8139-3888-2
14395:978-0-8139-1388-9
14327:on March 22, 2016
14281:978-0-521-00149-6
14040:: F. E. Peacock.
14012:978-0-8139-3887-5
13952:978-1-4421-6709-4
13927:978-0-8130-1332-9
13902:978-0-8223-1992-4
13787:978-0-684-81063-8
13718:978-0-8061-3865-7
13668:978-3-7896-0171-2
13641:978-0-521-57392-4
13614:978-1-4051-4378-3
13587:978-0-8061-5588-3
13560:978-1-4290-2158-6
13533:978-0-8131-4021-6
13501:on March 10, 2015
13426:978-1-4424-4637-3
13393:978-0-87049-530-4
13343:Civil War History
13269:978-0-19-516777-1
13227:978-0-300-25183-8
13169:978-0-300-25183-8
12968:www.okhistory.org
12895:978-0-06-199521-7
12834:978-0-7178-0605-8
12815:Aptheker, Herbert
12755:978-0-06-053916-0
12546:978-0-85773-938-4
12307:978-0-226-69402-3
12297:Gradert, Kenyon.
12184:978-0-275-95799-5
12100:978-1-317-47180-6
11995:(February 1909).
11993:Grimké, Archibald
11925:9-780-8203-3457-8
11723:(March 4, 1858).
11701:978-0-307-26520-3
11609:Beard, Charles A.
11594:978-0-8203-5649-5
11522:McCauley, Byron.
11508:978-0-393-31631-5
11448:978-1-4209-2910-2
11441:. Digireads.com.
11347:978-0-19-511809-4
10966:978-0-226-69402-3
10945:978-1-59555-111-5
10900:978-1-5011-6868-0
10874:978-1-4766-7862-7
10707:978-1-4798-1110-6
10682:978-0-312-58552-5
10606:978-0-8139-0748-2
10555:Selig, Robert A.
10541:978-0-226-29309-7
10476:"Digital History"
10450:978-1-62779-064-2
10429:978-0-8041-3728-7
10340:978-0-557-53528-6
10313:978-1-4766-6453-8
10279:Wood, Gordon S.
10235:978-0-8078-3034-5
10178:978-0-547-56134-9
9995:as a Man of Ideas
9950:978-0-465-00071-5
9883:978-0-87805-588-3
9858:978-0-8130-0323-8
9726:Slavery in Canada
9716:Slavery in Brazil
9526:
9525:
9410:
9409:
8202:
8201:
7918:
7917:
7911:
7890:
7857:
7836:
7815:
7790:
7769:
7736:
7689:
7688:
7608:Slave importation
7490:Survivors of the
7081:, March 18, 1865)
7033:Confiscation Acts
6990:William L. Yancey
6958:Judah P. Benjamin
6928:
6927:
6777:Uncle Tom's Cabin
6584:Events leading to
6405:Black Catholicism
6279:The Quadroon Girl
6228:Exchange Building
6181:, photo taken at
6179:Atchafalaya River
6132:George N. Barnard
6097:, South Carolina)
6072:William Thackeray
5932:on June 6, 1850 (
5870:, April 27, 1827)
5594:Uncle Tom's Cabin
5465:Prudence Crandall
5461:William Ellsworth
5216:
5144:George Washington
5141:'s 1780 portrait
5108:George Washington
5092:Advertisement in
4974:Beaufort District
4864:
4863:
4762:
4761:
4651:Pacific Northwest
4646:Northwest Plateau
4441:Keetoowah Society
4411:Eagle Feather law
4339:Women in politics
4178:Dakota War (1862)
4138:Tintic War (1856)
4050:Osage Indian War
3977:King Philip's War
3827:
3826:
3609:
3608:
3546:
3545:
3444:
3443:
3218:Dallas-Fort Worth
3035:
3034:
2945:
2944:
2889:Americo-Liberians
2772:
2771:
2710:
2709:
2635:
2634:
2504:
2503:
2448:Womanist theology
2398:
2397:
2340:Symbols and ideas
2126:
2125:
2005:Antebellum period
2000:Revolutionary War
1955:African Americans
1940:
1939:
1890:Freedmen's Bureau
1712:Third Servile War
1707:International law
1274:Human trafficking
1036:Human trafficking
711:Thirteen colonies
529:Sack of Baltimore
297:Human trafficking
16:(Redirected from
32121:
31985:
31975:
31974:
31798:Native Americans
31783:German Americans
31576:Partisan rangers
31571:Official Records
31511:
31510:
31494:
31493:
31386:memorials to Lee
31333:
31332:
30894:
30893:
30883:
30882:
30670:
30669:
30467:
30466:
30460:
30459:
30447:
30446:
30420:Washington, D.C.
30214:Indian Territory
30174:Dakota Territory
30132:
30131:
30049:Chancellorsville
29840:Jackson's Valley
29830:Blockade runners
29706:
29705:
29699:
29698:
29670:
29669:
29630:Thaddeus Stevens
29620:Lysander Spooner
29580:Susan B. Anthony
29382:
29381:
29371:
29370:
29356:
29349:
29342:
29333:
29332:
29102:Plantation house
29061:
29054:
29047:
29038:
29037:
29024:
29023:
28813:History of Ghana
28808:History of Congo
28803:History of Benin
28737:Eulonia, Georgia
28732:Daufuskie Island
28686:
28685:
28676:
28670:
28417:
28416:
28398:
28391:
28384:
28375:
28374:
28361:
28360:
28359:
28323:Lynching victims
27822:Louisiana Creole
27793:American English
27681:Louisiana Creole
27654:Choctaw freedmen
27492:
27491:
27029:Huddie Ledbetter
26969:Fannie Lou Hamer
26939:W. E. B. Du Bois
26929:Claudette Colvin
26924:Shirley Chisholm
26741:Family structure
26609:Military history
26491:Browder v. Gayle
26364:
26357:
26350:
26341:
26340:
25940:
25937:
25933:
25930:
25908:The Heroic Slave
25663:Pierre Toussaint
25658:(1793 VA – 1860)
25622:(1827 VA – 1900)
25354:Pierre Toussaint
25189:Antoine Qaurtier
25178:
25175:
25082:
25081:
25054:Slave narratives
25047:
25040:
25033:
25024:
25023:
24981:(2016 TV series)
24641:
24499:William Brinkley
24476:
24469:
24462:
24453:
24452:
24131:Law and politics
24055:Freedmen's towns
24035:Runaway slave ad
23898:
23897:
23860:Federal district
23584:
23577:
23570:
23561:
23560:
23548:
23547:
23497:, March 26, 2008
23422:
23420:
23418:
23356:
23335:Dickens, Charles
23322:
23301:
23268:
23245:
23223:
23200:
23184:
23173:
23164:
23141:
23118:
23079:Blight, David W.
23075:
23043:
23024:
22984:
22960:Political Theory
22955:McCarthy, Thomas
22940:
22938:
22936:
22907:
22868:
22845:
22826:Reséndez, Andrés
22785:
22753:
22724:
22702:
22667:
22638:
22607:
22526:The Heroic Slave
22518:
22480:
22468:
22446:
22427:Reidy, Joseph P.
22411:
22394:Basker, James G.
22389:
22344:
22333:
22329:
22315:
22301:
22280:
22253:
22239:
22208:
22168:
22148:
22124:Fogel, Robert W.
22098:
22084:
22073:
22051:
22024:
22010:
22001:Ayers, Edward L.
21988:
21983:
21981:
21976:on July 22, 2019
21972:. Archived from
21898:Takagi, Midori.
21844:Olwell, Robert.
21838:
21813:
21754:Kulikoff, Alan.
21728:
21703:
21669:
21647:
21616:
21589:
21557:
21517:
21482:
21466:
21431:
21413:
21404:(3/4): 293–313.
21385:
21345:Journal articles
21336:
21287:
21283:978-0945-61216-2
21266:
21239:
21227:
21146:
21133:
21101:
21058:
21041:
21018:
20986:
20954:Journal articles
20940:
20906:
20894:
20857:
20813:
20763:
20741:
20724:Palmer, Colin A.
20695:
20641:
20628:Greenhaven Press
20603:Mason, Matthew.
20597:
20580:Litwack, Leon F.
20573:
20548:
20526:
20463:
20364:
20342:
20320:
20295:
20249:Pulitzer Prize.
20248:
20226:
20204:
20175:
20156:——;
20144:Fogel, Robert W.
20137:
20079:
20057:
20042:
20021:
19997:
19975:
19920:
19898:
19881:Blackburn, Robin
19873:
19851:
19829:
19807:
19782:
19757:
19732:
19707:
19692:
19680:
19647:
19644:
19638:
19635:
19626:
19625:
19614:
19608:
19607:
19573:
19564:
19553:
19540:
19531:
19530:
19512:
19506:
19505:
19497:
19491:
19478:
19472:
19471:
19457:
19451:
19431:
19425:
19424:
19422:
19411:
19405:
19404:
19377:
19371:
19370:
19352:
19346:
19345:
19325:
19316:
19315:
19307:
19301:
19300:
19298:
19296:
19281:
19275:
19274:
19268:
19260:
19254:
19253:
19247:
19239:
19233:
19232:
19214:
19190:
19184:
19183:
19163:
19157:
19150:
19144:
19143:
19133:
19093:
19087:
19084:
19078:
19071:
19065:
19064:
19038:
19029:
19028:
19002:
18996:
18995:
18969:
18963:
18962:
18936:
18930:
18929:
18899:
18893:
18892:
18890:
18866:
18857:
18851:
18850:
18819:
18813:
18812:
18787:Genovese, Eugene
18778:
18772:
18771:
18740:
18734:
18733:
18702:
18696:
18695:
18670:
18664:
18663:
18660:Harper & Row
18648:
18642:
18641:
18631:
18622:(4): 1231–1294.
18611:
18591:
18585:
18584:
18574:
18560:
18547:
18541:
18540:
18520:
18507:
18501:
18494:
18488:
18487:
18468:. Translated by
18452:
18446:
18445:
18429:
18416:
18410:
18409:
18376:
18370:
18369:
18351:
18345:
18344:
18329:Economic Inquiry
18326:
18317:
18311:
18308:
18302:
18301:
18293:
18282:
18281:
18279:
18277:
18254:
18248:
18247:
18219:
18213:
18212:
18194:
18170:
18164:
18163:
18161:
18159:
18136:
18130:
18129:
18108:
18103:
18101:
18085:
18079:
18078:
18047:
18008:
17972:
17966:
17965:
17929:
17923:
17922:
17904:
17880:
17874:
17873:
17849:
17843:
17842:
17817:
17808:
17807:
17780:
17774:
17773:
17746:
17740:
17739:
17713:
17693:
17681:
17675:
17674:
17659:
17653:
17652:
17621:
17615:
17614:
17597:(5): 1534–1575.
17584:
17578:
17577:
17551:
17531:
17519:
17510:
17509:
17478:
17469:
17468:
17438:
17432:
17431:
17390:
17384:
17383:
17342:
17333:
17332:
17330:
17328:
17314:
17308:
17307:
17297:
17273:
17267:
17266:
17226:
17220:
17219:
17193:
17173:
17164:
17163:
17155:
17149:
17148:
17128:
17122:
17119:
17113:
17110:
17104:
17101:
17095:
17094:
17092:
17090:
17067:
17061:
17060:
17058:
17056:
17041:
17035:
17034:
16994:
16988:
16981:
16975:
16964:
16958:
16957:
16946:
16940:
16939:
16933:
16925:
16923:
16921:
16908:
16902:
16901:
16899:
16897:
16888:. Archived from
16878:
16872:
16866:
16860:
16853:
16847:
16846:
16830:
16820:
16814:
16811:
16805:
16804:
16794:
16788:
16782:
16776:
16775:
16772:www.archives.gov
16764:
16758:
16751:Stephen B. Oates
16748:
16742:
16739:
16733:
16732:
16713:Litwack, Leon F.
16709:
16703:
16692:
16686:
16674:
16668:
16661:
16655:
16652:
16646:
16639:
16633:
16632:
16612:
16606:
16599:
16593:
16586:
16580:
16573:
16567:
16566:
16543:
16537:
16532:Paul Finkelman,
16530:
16524:
16523:
16521:
16519:
16505:
16499:
16498:
16489:
16483:
16482:
16480:
16478:
16463:
16457:
16456:
16438:
16432:
16431:
16414:
16408:
16407:
16396:
16390:
16389:
16382:
16376:
16375:
16373:
16371:
16353:
16347:
16340:
16334:
16333:
16331:
16329:
16314:
16308:
16307:
16287:
16281:
16280:
16258:
16245:
16244:
16237:
16231:
16230:
16212:
16206:
16205:
16183:
16177:
16176:
16174:
16172:
16157:
16151:
16150:
16114:
16108:
16107:
16087:
16081:
16078:
16072:
16071:
16069:
16056:
16050:
16044:
16038:
16037:
16019:
16013:
16012:
15997:
15991:
15990:
15970:
15964:
15963:
15939:
15929:
15923:
15922:
15920:
15918:
15901:
15895:
15894:
15892:
15890:
15875:
15869:
15868:
15854:
15848:
15847:
15829:
15823:
15822:
15810:
15799:
15793:
15792:
15784:
15778:
15777:
15759:
15753:
15752:
15730:
15724:
15717:
15711:
15710:
15692:
15683:
15682:
15680:
15678:
15641:
15632:
15631:
15613:
15598:
15597:
15595:
15593:
15578:
15572:
15571:
15558:
15552:
15551:
15530:
15524:
15523:
15505:
15499:
15498:
15496:
15494:
15479:
15473:
15472:
15470:
15468:
15454:
15448:
15447:
15445:
15443:
15420:
15414:
15404:
15398:
15397:
15379:
15373:
15372:
15354:
15345:
15344:
15326:
15320:
15319:
15309:
15299:
15274:
15268:
15267:
15257:
15247:
15223:
15217:
15216:
15206:
15174:
15168:
15167:
15159:
15153:
15152:
15151:. PBS Frontline.
15145:
15139:
15136:
15130:
15127:
15116:
15115:
15095:
15089:
15088:
15086:
15084:
15072:
15066:
15065:
15063:
15061:
15050:
15044:
15043:
15041:
15039:
15024:
15018:
15017:
14981:
14975:
14974:
14946:
14940:
14920:
14914:
14913:
14893:
14887:
14873:
14867:
14860:
14854:
14851:
14845:
14838:
14832:
14829:
14823:
14812:
14806:
14789:
14783:
14780:
14774:
14773:
14753:
14744:
14737:
14731:
14728:
14722:
14721:
14707:
14701:
14700:
14682:
14676:
14675:
14669:
14667:
14653:New-York Tribune
14644:
14638:
14637:
14635:
14633:
14619:
14613:
14612:
14575:
14569:
14568:
14521:
14515:
14514:
14496:
14487:
14482:Johnson (1999),
14480:
14474:
14467:
14461:
14454:
14448:
14441:
14435:
14428:
14422:
14419:
14413:
14406:
14400:
14399:
14383:
14373:
14367:
14365:
14356:
14350:
14343:
14337:
14336:
14334:
14332:
14317:
14311:
14310:
14308:
14306:
14292:
14286:
14285:
14265:
14252:
14245:
14239:
14215:
14209:
14203:
14197:
14196:
14184:
14176:
14170:
14169:
14157:
14149:
14143:
14142:
14140:
14138:
14122:
14114:
14108:
14107:
14105:
14103:
14084:
14078:
14077:
14056:
14050:
14049:
14038:Itasca, Illinois
14026:
14017:
14016:
13994:
13988:
13987:
13985:
13983:
13972:
13963:
13957:
13956:
13938:
13932:
13931:
13913:
13907:
13906:
13886:
13880:
13879:
13877:
13875:
13858:
13852:
13835:
13830:. Archived from
13824:
13818:
13817:
13815:
13813:
13798:
13792:
13791:
13775:
13765:
13759:
13752:
13746:
13745:
13729:
13723:
13722:
13706:
13696:
13690:
13689:
13679:
13673:
13672:
13652:
13646:
13645:
13625:
13619:
13618:
13598:
13592:
13591:
13571:
13565:
13564:
13544:
13538:
13537:
13517:
13511:
13510:
13508:
13506:
13482:
13476:
13475:
13473:
13471:
13447:
13441:
13440:
13435:
13433:
13414:
13404:
13398:
13397:
13375:
13369:
13368:
13362:
13354:
13352:
13350:
13334:
13303:
13294:(1/2): 230–258.
13280:
13274:
13273:
13247:
13236:
13235:
13213:
13207:
13206:
13200:
13198:
13183:
13177:
13176:
13155:
13149:
13148:
13129:10.2307/40027465
13112:
13106:
13105:
13103:
13101:
13095:calendar.eji.org
13086:
13080:
13077:American Slavery
13075:Kolchin (1993),
13073:
13067:
13064:American Slavery
13060:
13054:
13051:American Slavery
13049:Kolchin (1993),
13047:
13041:
13040:
13000:
12994:
12993:
12985:
12972:
12971:
12960:
12954:
12953:
12951:
12949:
12932:
12926:
12925:
12923:
12921:
12906:
12900:
12899:
12887:
12877:
12871:
12870:
12868:
12866:
12844:
12838:
12837:
12811:
12805:
12804:
12766:
12760:
12759:
12728:
12717:
12710:
12704:
12703:
12698:. Archived from
12692:
12686:
12685:
12683:
12681:
12667:
12661:
12660:
12654:
12646:
12644:
12642:
12627:
12621:
12620:
12592:
12586:
12585:
12557:
12551:
12550:
12532:
12523:
12522:
12506:
12500:
12499:
12497:
12495:
12486:. Archived from
12476:
12467:
12466:
12434:
12428:
12427:
12399:
12393:
12386:
12380:
12379:
12377:
12375:
12361:
12355:
12342:
12336:
12329:
12323:
12320:Theodore Parker,
12316:
12310:
12295:
12289:
12288:
12286:
12284:
12270:
12264:
12249:
12243:
12238:Sewall, Samuel.
12236:
12230:
12229:
12227:
12225:
12214:
12205:
12204:, pp. 77–78, 81.
12202:American Slavery
12198:
12189:
12188:
12166:
12160:
12159:
12146:
12140:
12139:
12133:
12124:
12118:
12111:
12105:
12104:
12084:
12078:
12071:
12065:
12064:
12046:
12040:
12039:
12017:
12011:
12010:
11989:
11983:
11982:
11969:
11963:
11962:
11936:
11930:
11929:
11911:
11905:
11904:
11882:
11876:
11875:
11873:
11871:
11847:
11841:
11840:
11838:
11836:
11817:
11811:
11810:
11798:
11792:
11785:
11776:
11775:
11773:
11771:
11755:Fitzhugh, George
11751:
11742:
11741:
11739:
11737:
11717:
11706:
11705:
11681:
11675:
11674:
11640:
11629:
11623:
11622:
11605:
11599:
11598:
11580:
11574:
11571:
11565:
11564:
11562:
11560:
11545:
11539:
11538:
11536:
11534:
11519:
11513:
11512:
11489:Thomas, Emory M.
11485:
11479:
11478:
11476:
11474:
11459:
11453:
11452:
11434:
11428:
11427:
11425:
11423:
11408:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11390:
11384:
11383:
11381:
11379:
11364:
11358:
11357:
11356:
11354:
11321:
11315:
11314:
11277:
11271:
11266:Walter Johnson,
11264:
11255:
11254:
11244:
11204:
11198:
11197:
11157:
11151:
11134:
11123:
11121:
11117:
11113:
11108:
11102:
11095:
11089:
11088:
11086:
11084:
11070:
11064:
11063:
11046:(4): 1133–1174.
11035:
11029:
11022:
11016:
11015:
10987:
10981:
10974:
10968:
10954:
10948:
10933:
10927:
10912:
10903:
10888:
10877:
10862:
10851:
10850:
10848:
10846:
10834:
10828:
10827:
10815:
10809:
10808:
10806:
10804:
10789:
10783:
10782:
10780:
10778:
10763:
10757:
10756:
10748:
10742:
10741:
10731:
10725:
10718:
10712:
10711:
10693:
10687:
10686:
10666:
10660:
10659:
10651:
10645:
10644:
10642:
10640:
10626:
10611:
10610:
10590:
10584:
10583:
10575:
10569:
10568:
10566:
10564:
10552:
10546:
10545:
10525:
10519:
10518:
10511:
10505:
10504:
10497:
10491:
10490:
10488:
10486:
10472:
10466:
10459:
10453:
10438:
10432:
10417:
10411:
10410:
10408:
10406:
10392:
10386:
10366:
10360:
10359:
10351:
10345:
10344:
10322:
10316:
10301:
10292:
10277:
10271:
10256:
10250:
10244:
10238:
10223:
10217:
10214:
10208:
10201:
10195:
10194:
10192:
10190:
10162:
10156:
10155:
10139:
10133:
10132:
10130:
10128:
10113:
10107:
10106:
10104:
10102:
10088:
10082:
10065:
10059:
10045:
10039:
10029:
10023:
10022:
10020:
10018:
10004:
9998:
9988:Guelzo, Allen C.
9980:
9974:
9961:
9955:
9954:
9934:
9928:
9927:
9925:
9923:
9906:
9900:
9894:
9888:
9887:
9869:
9863:
9862:
9842:
9833:
9832:
9824:
9818:
9817:
9801:
9795:
9794:
9772:
9755:
9751:
9745:
9742:
9688:Triangular trade
9606:
9601:
9600:
9599:
9592:
9587:
9586:
9585:
9578:
9573:
9572:
9464:States in Group
9461:Group of States
9458:
9457:
9441:Joshua John Ward
8217:
8198:
8196:
8194:
7940:
7901:
7899:Southeast Africa
7868:
7847:
7826:
7801:
7780:
7747:
7722:
7702:
7701:
7615:
7611:
7584:Divided-back era
7505:
7501:
7482:Prices of slaves
7475:
7472:
7415:Political legacy
7370:
7367:
7312:Thaddeus Stevens
7251:
7245:
7239:
7233:
7227:
7221:
7215:
7209:
7203:
7197:
7191:
7185:
7179:
7173:
6920:
6913:
6906:
6879:Star of the West
6736:Corwin Amendment
6701:Ostend Manifesto
6666:Texas annexation
6661:Texas Revolution
6592:
6581:
6562:
6559:
6317:
6316:, June 16, 1838)
6310:Cahawba Democrat
6308:("$ 100 Reward"
6304:runaway slave ad
6187:Capt. John Lyons
6111:in New Orleans (
6065:
6062:
5985:Louisiana Colony
5934:Sarony & Co.
5921:confronting the
5790:Rebellion (1815)
5778:Rebellion (1805)
5758:
5755:
5719:Slave rebellions
5478:Wendell Phillips
5468:
5210:
4856:
4849:
4842:
4778:Native Americans
4656:The Great Plains
4624:
4623:
4559:
4557:American English
4531:Louisiana Creole
4239:Paiute War(1860)
4165:Posey War (1923)
3860:Iroquois culture
3735:Indian Territory
3685:Age of Discovery
3644:
3643:
3631:
3620:Native Americans
3611:
3610:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3508:media depictions
3457:
3456:
3352:Population count
3048:
3047:
2982:Liberian English
2961:English dialects
2958:
2957:
2914:Samaná Americans
2839:Creoles of color
2785:
2784:
2723:
2722:
2667:Black conductors
2648:
2647:
2517:
2516:
2491:Louisiana Voodoo
2413:
2412:
2158:Family structure
2141:
2140:
2088:Military history
2083:Business history
2014:military history
1969:
1968:
1942:
1941:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1902:Emancipation Day
1735:
1702:Slave Trade Acts
393:Byzantine Empire
235:
208:
207:
192:Windsor, Ontario
154:
145:
134:
125:
114:
105:
94:
85:
74:
65:
21:
32129:
32128:
32124:
32123:
32122:
32120:
32119:
32118:
32004:
32003:
32002:
31997:
31996:
31991:
31955:
31939:
31824:
31788:Irish Americans
31766:
31711:
31620:
31611:U.S. Home Guard
31551:Field artillery
31505:
31504:
31480:
31422:
31397:
31359:
31328:
31322:
31214:Civil War Trust
31181:
31175:
31063:Ethnic violence
31048:Kirk–Holden war
30927:
30888:
30865:
30799:
30657:
30601:
30454:
30429:
30383:
30136:
30123:
29954:
29935:Sherman's March
29915:Bermuda Hundred
29810:
29765:
29737:
29693:
29692:
29656:
29615:J. Sella Martin
29585:James G. Birney
29561:
29479:
29405:Bleeding Kansas
29393:
29376:
29365:
29360:
29330:
29325:
29255:
29246:Convict leasing
29234:
29156:
29108:
29085:Ancient planter
29068:
29065:
29035:
29030:
29010:
28877:
28774:Related history
28769:
28715:
28711:Stono Rebellion
28696:Bilali Document
28677:
28671:
28658:
28642:Related culture
28637:
28596:
28572:Hot foot powder
28542:Flying Africans
28515:
28511:Gullah language
28499:
28474:
28408:
28402:
28372:
28367:
28357:
28355:
28342:
28308:Historic places
28301:US state firsts
28187:
28102:
27826:
27759:
27731:2010 majorities
27726:2000 majorities
27697:
27644:Black Seminoles
27593:
27584:Southern (SIAC)
27567:
27566:and conferences
27565:
27558:
27554:Serena Williams
27549:Jackie Robinson
27483:
27407:
27405:
27398:
27318:
27285:Nation of Islam
27256:
27204:
27198:
27139:Sojourner Truth
27129:Clarence Thomas
27094:Gabriel Prosser
26994:Michael Jackson
26869:Crispus Attucks
26859:Ralph Abernathy
26847:
26803:Musical theater
26702:
26568:Great Migration
26540:COVID-19 impact
26498:Sit-in movement
26373:
26368:
26338:
26333:
26279:Book of Negroes
26233:Anti-Tom novels
26211:
26184:
26149:
26123:
26088:
26058:The Known World
25938:
25931:
25869:
25831:Up from Slavery
25734:
25723:Miguel de Buría
25705:
25674:Wallace Turnage
25610:Solomon Northup
25542:Fountain Hughes
25384:Jordan Anderson
25371:
25365:
25341:Esteban Montejo
25327:
25321:
25302:
25296:
25270:
25241:Olaudah Equiano
25223:
25206:
25176:
25140:Elizabeth Marsh
25128:Ólafur Egilsson
25116:Felice Caronni
25077:
25075:
25069:
25056:
25051:
25021:
25016:
25015:
25000:
24877:
24823:Fugitive slaves
24784:
24721:Christiana Riot
24682:
24642:
24633:
24534:Calvin Fairbank
24485:
24480:
24450:
24441:
24430:Freedmen's town
24351:
24330:Slave marriages
24303:and procreation
24302:
24300:
24294:
24280:Vice presidents
24194:Nullifier Party
24173:Fugitive slaves
24126:
24122:Slave narrative
24060:Black Canadians
23980:
23974:
23889:
23868:
23854:
23593:
23588:
23553:
23481:(4-part series)
23429:
23416:
23414:
23406:
23403:
23363:
23330:
23325:
23319:
23298:
23276:
23271:
23265:
23248:
23228:Jacobs, Harriet
23226:
23220:
23203:
23197:
23176:
23167:
23161:
23144:
23138:
23121:
23115:
23096:
23072:
23051:
23046:
23027:
23001:
22991:, 35(1), 3–22.
22953:
22934:
22932:
22918:
22905:
22886:
22881:
22865:
22842:
22782:
22768:Johnson, Walter
22766:
22750:
22721:
22699:
22685:Finkelman, Paul
22679:Online Reviews.
22664:
22635:
22625:Knopf Doubleday
22613:
22604:
22584:
22573:
22571:Scholarly books
22568:
22534:Julia Griffiths
22515:
22465:
22443:
22408:
22381:
22360:
22358:Primary sources
22355:
22352:(1998), ch. 2–4
22348:Tulloch, Hugh.
22342:
22331:
22327:
22313:
22299:
22287:Rael, Patrick.
22278:
22251:
22237:
22205:
22166:
22145:
22096:
22082:
22081:(1979) 33#4 pp.
22071:
22049:
22022:
22008:
21996:
21991:
21979:
21977:
21959:
21951:Negroes To Hire
21945:
21940:
21835:
21810:
21725:
21700:
21666:
21644:
21627:
21622:
21601:Social Research
21506:10.2307/1856595
21439:Finkelman, Paul
21366:10.2307/2713433
21347:
21342:
21333:
21284:
21263:
21224:
21197:
21192:
21187:Southern Spaces
21172:
21167:
21144:
21122:10.2307/1922187
21082:10.2307/2716327
21066:Lynd, Staughton
21047:Finkelman, Paul
21039:
20975:10.2307/1904203
20956:
20951:
20941:Republished as
20937:
20891:
20760:
20738:
20692:
20638:
20570:
20545:
20523:
20509:Johnson, Walter
20460:
20361:
20339:
20317:
20292:
20245:
20223:
20201:
20172:
20134:
20120:Finkelman, Paul
20086:Elkins, Stanley
20076:
20018:
19994:
19917:
19895:
19870:
19848:
19826:
19804:
19779:
19754:
19729:
19667:
19662:
19656:
19651:
19650:
19645:
19641:
19637:Kolchin p. 134.
19636:
19629:
19615:
19611:
19571:
19565:
19556:
19550:Wayback Machine
19541:
19534:
19527:
19513:
19509:
19498:
19494:
19488:Wayback Machine
19479:
19475:
19458:
19454:
19444:Wayback Machine
19432:
19428:
19420:
19412:
19408:
19401:
19378:
19374:
19353:
19349:
19342:
19326:
19319:
19308:
19304:
19294:
19292:
19282:
19278:
19266:
19262:
19261:
19257:
19245:
19241:
19240:
19236:
19191:
19187:
19180:
19164:
19160:
19151:
19147:
19094:
19090:
19085:
19081:
19072:
19068:
19061:
19039:
19032:
19025:
19003:
18999:
18992:
18970:
18966:
18959:
18937:
18933:
18900:
18896:
18864:
18858:
18854:
18847:
18833:Encounter Books
18820:
18816:
18809:
18779:
18775:
18768:
18754:Encounter Books
18741:
18737:
18730:
18703:
18699:
18692:
18671:
18667:
18649:
18645:
18609:
18595:Acemoğlu, Daron
18592:
18588:
18558:
18548:
18544:
18518:
18508:
18504:
18495:
18491:
18484:
18476:. p. 419.
18453:
18449:
18442:
18417:
18413:
18377:
18373:
18366:
18352:
18348:
18324:
18318:
18314:
18309:
18305:
18294:
18285:
18275:
18273:
18255:
18251:
18220:
18216:
18171:
18167:
18157:
18155:
18137:
18133:
18099:
18097:
18086:
18082:
17973:
17969:
17930:
17926:
17881:
17877:
17870:
17850:
17846:
17839:
17821:Johnson, Walter
17818:
17811:
17804:
17781:
17777:
17770:
17747:
17743:
17711:10.1.1.482.4975
17691:
17685:Whaples, Robert
17682:
17678:
17661:
17660:
17656:
17649:
17635:Encounter Books
17622:
17618:
17603:10.2307/2652029
17585:
17581:
17549:10.1.1.482.4975
17529:
17523:Whaples, Robert
17520:
17513:
17506:
17492:Encounter Books
17479:
17472:
17439:
17435:
17394:Whaples, Robert
17391:
17387:
17346:Whaples, Robert
17343:
17336:
17326:
17324:
17316:
17315:
17311:
17274:
17270:
17227:
17223:
17191:10.1.1.397.3549
17174:
17167:
17156:
17152:
17145:
17129:
17125:
17120:
17116:
17111:
17107:
17102:
17098:
17088:
17086:
17076:Washington Post
17068:
17064:
17054:
17052:
17043:
17042:
17038:
16995:
16991:
16982:
16978:
16965:
16961:
16948:
16947:
16943:
16927:
16926:
16919:
16917:
16910:
16909:
16905:
16895:
16893:
16892:on May 27, 2007
16880:
16879:
16875:
16869:Up from Slavery
16867:
16863:
16854:
16850:
16843:
16821:
16817:
16812:
16808:
16795:
16791:
16783:
16779:
16766:
16765:
16761:
16749:
16745:
16740:
16736:
16729:
16710:
16706:
16693:
16689:
16675:
16671:
16663:Stahr, Walter,
16662:
16658:
16653:
16649:
16640:
16636:
16629:
16613:
16609:
16600:
16596:
16587:
16583:
16574:
16570:
16563:
16544:
16540:
16531:
16527:
16517:
16515:
16507:
16506:
16502:
16491:
16490:
16486:
16476:
16474:
16473:. June 27, 2007
16465:
16464:
16460:
16439:
16435:
16415:
16411:
16398:
16397:
16393:
16384:
16383:
16379:
16369:
16367:
16354:
16350:
16341:
16337:
16327:
16325:
16316:
16315:
16311:
16304:
16288:
16284:
16277:
16259:
16248:
16239:
16238:
16234:
16227:
16213:
16209:
16202:
16184:
16180:
16170:
16168:
16158:
16154:
16131:10.2307/2211064
16115:
16111:
16104:
16088:
16084:
16079:
16075:
16057:
16053:
16045:
16041:
16034:
16020:
16016:
15998:
15994:
15971:
15967:
15960:
15930:
15926:
15916:
15914:
15902:
15898:
15888:
15886:
15878:Bercaw, Nancy.
15876:
15872:
15855:
15851:
15844:
15830:
15826:
15800:
15796:
15785:
15781:
15774:
15760:
15756:
15749:
15731:
15727:
15718:
15714:
15707:
15693:
15686:
15676:
15674:
15664:10.2307/2567914
15642:
15635:
15628:
15614:
15601:
15591:
15589:
15579:
15575:
15559:
15555:
15531:
15527:
15520:
15506:
15502:
15492:
15490:
15480:
15476:
15466:
15464:
15456:
15455:
15451:
15441:
15439:
15437:
15421:
15417:
15405:
15401:
15394:
15380:
15376:
15369:
15355:
15348:
15341:
15327:
15323:
15275:
15271:
15224:
15220:
15175:
15171:
15160:
15156:
15147:
15146:
15142:
15138:Marable, p. 74.
15137:
15133:
15128:
15119:
15112:
15096:
15092:
15082:
15080:
15073:
15069:
15059:
15057:
15052:
15051:
15047:
15037:
15035:
15025:
15021:
14998:10.2307/2207450
14982:
14978:
14947:
14943:
14933:Wayback Machine
14921:
14917:
14910:
14894:
14890:
14874:
14870:
14861:
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14852:
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14620:
14616:
14593:
14579:Dew, Charles B.
14576:
14572:
14541:10.2307/2714086
14523:
14522:
14518:
14497:
14490:
14481:
14477:
14468:
14464:
14455:
14451:
14442:
14438:
14429:
14425:
14421:Kolchin, p. 98.
14420:
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14374:
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14344:
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13753:
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13730:
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13615:
13599:
13595:
13588:
13572:
13568:
13561:
13545:
13541:
13534:
13518:
13514:
13504:
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13469:
13467:
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13431:
13429:
13427:
13405:
13401:
13394:
13376:
13372:
13356:
13355:
13348:
13346:
13323:10.2307/1887236
13281:
13277:
13270:
13249:
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13239:
13228:
13214:
13210:
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13099:
13097:
13087:
13083:
13074:
13070:
13061:
13057:
13048:
13044:
13001:
12997:
12990:Give Me Liberty
12986:
12975:
12962:
12961:
12957:
12947:
12945:
12934:
12933:
12929:
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12917:
12907:
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12845:
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12835:
12812:
12808:
12785:10.2307/2713676
12767:
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12729:
12720:
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12707:
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12689:
12679:
12677:
12669:
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12664:
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12647:
12640:
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12629:
12628:
12624:
12609:10.2307/1897437
12593:
12589:
12574:10.2307/1889086
12558:
12554:
12547:
12533:
12526:
12507:
12503:
12493:
12491:
12490:on July 8, 2018
12478:
12477:
12470:
12435:
12431:
12416:10.2307/2204556
12400:
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11834:
11832:
11818:
11814:
11799:
11795:
11791:, 1996, p. 334.
11786:
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11733:
11718:
11709:
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11682:
11678:
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11581:
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11572:
11568:
11558:
11556:
11554:The Daily Beast
11546:
11542:
11532:
11530:
11520:
11516:
11509:
11486:
11482:
11472:
11470:
11462:Lee, Robert E.
11460:
11456:
11449:
11435:
11431:
11421:
11419:
11409:
11405:
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11391:
11387:
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11365:
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11352:
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11322:
11318:
11278:
11274:
11265:
11258:
11205:
11201:
11158:
11154:
11144:Wayback Machine
11135:
11126:
11119:
11115:
11111:
11109:
11105:
11097:Stahr, Walter,
11096:
11092:
11082:
11080:
11072:
11071:
11067:
11036:
11032:
11023:
11019:
10992:History Compass
10988:
10984:
10975:
10971:
10955:
10951:
10934:
10930:
10913:
10906:
10889:
10880:
10863:
10854:
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10842:
10835:
10831:
10816:
10812:
10802:
10800:
10799:. March 3, 2015
10791:
10790:
10786:
10776:
10774:
10765:
10764:
10760:
10749:
10745:
10732:
10728:
10720:Peter Kolchin,
10719:
10715:
10708:
10694:
10690:
10683:
10667:
10663:
10652:
10648:
10638:
10636:
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10494:
10484:
10482:
10474:
10473:
10469:
10461:Ayres, Edward.
10460:
10456:
10439:
10435:
10419:Hoock, Holger.
10418:
10414:
10404:
10402:
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10140:
10136:
10126:
10124:
10114:
10110:
10100:
10098:
10090:
10089:
10085:
10077:, Hashaw, Tim;
10075:Wayback Machine
10066:
10062:
10046:
10042:
10030:
10026:
10016:
10014:
10006:
10005:
10001:
9993:Abraham Lincoln
9981:
9977:
9971:Wayback Machine
9962:
9958:
9951:
9935:
9931:
9921:
9919:
9907:
9903:
9895:
9891:
9884:
9870:
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9798:
9791:
9773:
9769:
9764:
9759:
9758:
9752:
9748:
9743:
9739:
9734:
9711:Slavery in Cuba
9697:
9692:
9602:
9597:
9595:
9588:
9583:
9581:
9576:Business portal
9574:
9567:
9564:
9543:
9537:
9531:
9415:
8221:
8192:
8190:
8186:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7944:
7923:
7745:Bight of Biafra
7714:(exceeds 100%)
7713:
7708:
7706:
7700:
7694:
7610:
7597:
7560:
7519:
7503:
7499:
7484:
7473:
7463:
7442:
7435:, October 1939)
7417:
7412:
7406:
7387:
7368:
7343:
7335:Main articles:
7333:
7331:Convict leasing
7300:
7290:
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7138:
7124:
7118:
7061:
7055:
7039:
7029:
7013:Main articles:
7011:
6998:Isham G. Harris
6978:Jefferson Davis
6942:Jefferson Davis
6924:
6895:
6894:
6873:
6865:
6864:
6813:
6805:
6804:
6783:Bleeding Kansas
6749:
6741:
6740:
6621:
6613:
6612:
6598:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6565:Brooklyn Museum
6560:
6529:
6523:Bleeding Kansas
6519:
6509:
6486:
6478:Main articles:
6476:
6467:
6457:
6451:
6432:Eastman Johnson
6425:
6411:
6397:
6366:Jonathan Walker
6356:
6346:
6332:
6326:
6314:Cahaba, Alabama
6307:
6272:
6256:Main articles:
6254:
6249:
6242:, Havana, Cuba)
6224:Alonzo J. White
6192:carte de visite
6168:
6150:
6144:
6109:St. Louis Hotel
6057:
6045:
6035:
6021:
6015:
5989:Maryland Colony
5961:
5953:Main articles:
5951:
5938:Andrew H. Foote
5909:
5899:
5894:
5888:
5883:
5877:
5852:
5835:
5750:
5733:
5727:
5721:
5701:
5695:
5636:
5630:
5533:Manasseh Cutler
5486:George Thompson
5469:
5463:, attorney for
5459:
5455:
5437:
5431:
5375:
5358:at Barrone and
5315:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5288:
5265:
5255:American gentry
5235:
5225:
5202:
5192:
5174:
5166:Main articles:
5164:
5132:
5122:
5116:
5086:
5080:
5074:
5057:
5051:
5038:Black Loyalists
5030:
5028:Book of Negroes
5024:
5016:Main articles:
5014:
5012:Black Loyalists
4993:
4987:
4961:
4951:
4943:Main articles:
4941:
4916:
4897:
4883:
4871:Main articles:
4869:
4860:
4831:
4830:
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4772:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4670:
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4385:
4323:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4274:Crow War (1887)
3941:
3931:
3930:
3929:
3855:Hohokam culture
3839:
3829:
3828:
3680:Woodland period
3665:Formative stage
3641:
3605:
3557:
3555:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3498:
3454:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3385:
3347:
3323:Omaha, Nebraska
3288:Historic places
3282:
3174:
3045:
3037:
3036:
3031:
2996:
2955:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2923:
2875:
2817:Black Seminoles
2782:
2781:Sub-communities
2774:
2773:
2760:Southern (SIAC)
2720:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2661:
2645:
2637:
2636:
2631:
2548:
2514:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2486:Nation of Islam
2452:
2429:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2335:
2302:
2269:
2241:
2202:
2178:Musical theater
2138:
2128:
2127:
2109:Great Migration
1966:
1936:
1907:
1906:
1811:Slave narrative
1767:Fugitive slaves
1747:
1739:
1738:
1729:
1697:Slave rebellion
1552:
1542:
1541:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1312:United Kingdom
1248:Yankee princess
842:
834:
833:
561:Avret Pazarları
507:Avret Pazarları
376:Medieval Europe
342:
332:
331:
270:Forced marriage
245:
206:
205:
204:
203:
170:Margaret Garner
157:
156:
155:
147:
146:
137:
136:
135:
127:
126:
117:
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15:
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5:
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32026:
32021:
32016:
31999:
31998:
31993:
31992:
31990:
31989:
31979:
31968:
31965:
31964:
31961:
31960:
31957:
31956:
31954:
31953:
31947:
31945:
31941:
31940:
31938:
31937:
31935:Women soldiers
31932:
31927:
31922:
31917:
31912:
31907:
31902:
31897:
31892:
31890:Naming the war
31887:
31882:
31877:
31872:
31871:
31870:
31860:
31859:
31858:
31848:
31843:
31838:
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31583:
31578:
31573:
31568:
31563:
31558:
31553:
31548:
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31538:
31533:
31528:
31526:Campaign Medal
31523:
31517:
31515:
31507:
31506:
31503:
31502:
31501:Related topics
31498:
31490:
31489:
31486:
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31458:
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31241:
31236:
31231:
31229:Decoration Day
31226:
31221:
31216:
31211:
31206:
31201:
31196:
31185:
31183:
31182:Reconstruction
31177:
31176:
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31168:
31163:
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31055:
31050:
31045:
31044:
31043:
31038:
31036:second inquiry
31033:
31028:
31023:
31018:
31008:
31007:
31006:
31000:
30993:Homestead Acts
30990:
30985:
30980:
30975:
30974:
30973:
30963:
30958:
30953:
30948:
30943:
30941:Alabama Claims
30937:
30935:
30933:Reconstruction
30929:
30928:
30926:
30925:
30924:
30923:
30921:15th Amendment
30918:
30916:14th Amendment
30913:
30911:13th Amendment
30902:
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30878:
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30594:
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30584:
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30574:
30569:
30564:
30559:
30554:
30549:
30544:
30542:J. E. Johnston
30539:
30537:A. S. Johnston
30534:
30529:
30524:
30519:
30514:
30509:
30504:
30499:
30494:
30489:
30484:
30479:
30477:R. H. Anderson
30473:
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30371:
30366:
30361:
30356:
30351:
30346:
30341:
30339:South Carolina
30336:
30331:
30326:
30321:
30316:
30314:North Carolina
30311:
30306:
30301:
30296:
30291:
30286:
30281:
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30261:
30256:
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30091:
30086:
30081:
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30071:
30066:
30061:
30056:
30051:
30046:
30041:
30039:Fredericksburg
30036:
30031:
30026:
30021:
30016:
30011:
30006:
30001:
29996:
29991:
29986:
29981:
29979:Wilson's Creek
29976:
29971:
29965:
29963:
29956:
29955:
29953:
29952:
29947:
29942:
29937:
29932:
29927:
29922:
29917:
29912:
29907:
29902:
29897:
29892:
29887:
29882:
29877:
29872:
29867:
29862:
29857:
29852:
29847:
29842:
29837:
29832:
29827:
29821:
29819:
29812:
29811:
29809:
29808:
29803:
29798:
29793:
29791:Lower Seaboard
29788:
29783:
29777:
29775:
29771:
29770:
29767:
29766:
29764:
29763:
29758:
29753:
29747:
29745:
29739:
29738:
29736:
29735:
29730:
29725:
29720:
29714:
29712:
29703:
29695:
29694:
29691:
29690:
29687:
29684:
29681:
29678:
29674:
29666:
29665:
29662:
29661:
29658:
29657:
29655:
29654:
29649:
29647:Harriet Tubman
29644:
29643:
29642:
29635:Charles Sumner
29632:
29627:
29622:
29617:
29612:
29607:
29602:
29597:
29592:
29587:
29582:
29577:
29571:
29569:
29563:
29562:
29560:
29559:
29552:
29547:
29542:
29537:
29532:
29527:
29522:
29517:
29512:
29505:
29500:
29495:
29489:
29487:
29481:
29480:
29478:
29477:
29472:
29470:States' rights
29467:
29462:
29457:
29452:
29447:
29442:
29437:
29432:
29427:
29422:
29417:
29412:
29407:
29402:
29396:
29394:
29392:
29391:
29385:
29378:
29377:
29367:
29366:
29359:
29358:
29351:
29344:
29336:
29327:
29326:
29324:
29323:
29318:
29313:
29311:South Carolina
29308:
29306:North Carolina
29303:
29298:
29293:
29288:
29283:
29282:
29281:
29271:
29265:
29263:
29257:
29256:
29254:
29253:
29248:
29242:
29240:
29236:
29235:
29233:
29232:
29227:
29222:
29221:
29220:
29215:
29210:
29202:
29201:
29200:
29195:
29190:
29188:Slave breeding
29185:
29180:
29175:
29164:
29162:
29158:
29157:
29155:
29154:
29149:
29144:
29139:
29134:
29129:
29128:
29127:
29116:
29114:
29110:
29109:
29107:
29106:
29105:
29104:
29094:
29089:
29088:
29087:
29076:
29074:
29073:The plantation
29070:
29069:
29064:
29063:
29056:
29049:
29041:
29032:
29031:
29019:
29016:
29015:
29012:
29011:
29009:
29008:
29003:
29002:
29001:
28996:
28991:
28986:
28981:
28976:
28966:
28961:
28956:
28951:
28946:
28941:
28936:
28931:
28926:
28921:
28916:
28911:
28906:
28901:
28896:
28891:
28885:
28883:
28879:
28878:
28876:
28875:
28874:
28873:
28863:
28862:
28861:
28851:
28850:
28849:
28844:
28830:
28825:
28820:
28815:
28810:
28805:
28800:
28795:
28790:
28789:
28788:
28777:
28775:
28771:
28770:
28768:
28767:
28762:
28761:
28760:
28749:
28744:
28739:
28734:
28729:
28723:
28721:
28717:
28716:
28714:
28713:
28708:
28703:
28698:
28692:
28690:
28689:History topics
28683:
28679:
28678:
28665:
28663:
28660:
28659:
28657:
28656:
28651:
28645:
28643:
28639:
28638:
28636:
28635:
28630:
28625:
28620:
28615:
28610:
28604:
28602:
28598:
28597:
28595:
28594:
28589:
28584:
28579:
28574:
28569:
28564:
28559:
28557:Black cat bone
28554:
28549:
28544:
28539:
28534:
28529:
28523:
28521:
28517:
28516:
28514:
28513:
28507:
28505:
28501:
28500:
28498:
28497:
28490:
28482:
28480:
28476:
28475:
28473:
28472:
28464:
28456:
28448:
28440:
28432:
28423:
28421:
28414:
28410:
28409:
28401:
28400:
28393:
28386:
28378:
28369:
28368:
28366:
28365:
28353:
28347:
28344:
28343:
28341:
28340:
28335:
28330:
28325:
28320:
28315:
28310:
28305:
28304:
28303:
28298:
28293:
28283:
28282:
28281:
28276:
28274:Visual artists
28271:
28266:
28261:
28256:
28251:
28246:
28241:
28236:
28234:Mathematicians
28231:
28226:
28221:
28216:
28211:
28206:
28195:
28193:
28189:
28188:
28186:
28185:
28184:
28183:
28175:
28170:
28169:
28168:
28163:
28158:
28153:
28148:
28140:
28139:
28138:
28133:
28128:
28123:
28112:
28110:
28104:
28103:
28101:
28100:
28095:
28090:
28085:
28084:
28083:
28078:
28073:
28068:
28058:
28053:
28051:South Carolina
28048:
28043:
28042:
28041:
28033:
28028:
28023:
28021:North Carolina
28018:
28017:
28016:
28006:
28001:
28000:
27999:
27989:
27984:
27983:
27982:
27974:
27973:
27972:
27966:Massachusetts
27964:
27963:
27962:
27952:
27947:
27946:
27945:
27935:
27930:
27929:
27928:
27918:
27913:
27912:
27911:
27901:
27896:
27895:
27894:
27884:
27883:
27882:
27877:
27867:
27862:
27861:
27860:
27855:
27845:
27840:
27834:
27832:
27828:
27827:
27825:
27824:
27819:
27814:
27813:
27812:
27811:
27810:
27808:social context
27805:
27795:
27785:
27784:
27783:
27773:
27767:
27765:
27761:
27760:
27758:
27757:
27756:
27755:
27750:
27740:
27735:
27734:
27733:
27728:
27718:
27717:
27716:
27705:
27703:
27699:
27698:
27696:
27695:
27690:
27689:
27688:
27678:
27673:
27668:
27663:
27662:
27661:
27659:Creek Freedmen
27656:
27651:
27646:
27636:
27634:Alabama Creole
27631:
27630:
27629:
27624:
27619:
27614:
27605:
27603:
27599:
27598:
27595:
27594:
27592:
27591:
27586:
27581:
27576:
27574:Central (CIAA)
27570:
27568:
27563:
27560:
27559:
27557:
27556:
27551:
27546:
27541:
27536:
27531:
27526:
27521:
27516:
27511:
27506:
27501:
27495:
27489:
27485:
27484:
27482:
27481:
27476:
27471:
27466:
27461:
27456:
27451:
27446:
27441:
27436:
27431:
27426:
27421:
27416:
27410:
27408:
27403:
27400:
27399:
27397:
27396:
27391:
27390:
27389:
27379:
27374:
27369:
27367:Pan-Africanism
27364:
27359:
27354:
27349:
27348:
27347:
27337:
27332:
27326:
27324:
27320:
27319:
27317:
27316:
27311:
27309:Black theology
27306:
27301:
27300:
27299:
27289:
27288:
27287:
27282:
27272:
27266:
27264:
27258:
27257:
27255:
27254:
27253:
27252:
27250:in STEM fields
27247:
27242:
27234:
27229:
27224:
27219:
27214:
27208:
27206:
27205:and technology
27200:
27199:
27197:
27196:
27191:
27186:
27181:
27176:
27171:
27166:
27161:
27156:
27151:
27146:
27144:Harriet Tubman
27141:
27136:
27131:
27126:
27121:
27116:
27111:
27106:
27101:
27096:
27091:
27086:
27081:
27076:
27074:Michelle Obama
27071:
27066:
27061:
27056:
27051:
27046:
27041:
27036:
27031:
27026:
27021:
27016:
27011:
27006:
27004:Barbara Jordan
27001:
26999:Harriet Jacobs
26996:
26991:
26986:
26981:
26976:
26971:
26966:
26961:
26956:
26951:
26946:
26941:
26936:
26931:
26926:
26921:
26916:
26911:
26906:
26901:
26896:
26891:
26889:Amelia Boynton
26886:
26881:
26876:
26871:
26866:
26861:
26855:
26853:
26852:Notable people
26849:
26848:
26846:
26845:
26840:
26835:
26830:
26825:
26820:
26815:
26810:
26805:
26800:
26795:
26790:
26788:LGBT community
26785:
26780:
26775:
26770:
26769:
26768:
26758:
26753:
26748:
26743:
26738:
26733:
26728:
26723:
26718:
26712:
26710:
26704:
26703:
26701:
26700:
26695:
26690:
26685:
26684:
26683:
26673:
26668:
26663:
26658:
26653:
26648:
26640:
26635:
26628:
26621:
26616:
26611:
26606:
26601:
26596:
26587:
26582:
26581:
26580:
26575:
26565:
26560:
26555:
26550:
26542:
26537:
26532:
26531:
26530:
26525:
26520:
26515:
26510:
26505:
26503:Freedom Riders
26500:
26495:
26487:
26477:
26472:
26467:
26466:
26465:
26460:
26455:
26447:
26442:
26434:
26429:
26427:Black genocide
26424:
26419:
26414:
26409:
26404:
26399:
26394:
26389:
26383:
26381:
26375:
26374:
26367:
26366:
26359:
26352:
26344:
26335:
26334:
26332:
26331:
26323:
26315:
26307:
26299:
26291:
26283:
26275:
26270:
26265:
26260:
26255:
26250:
26245:
26240:
26235:
26230:
26225:
26219:
26217:
26213:
26212:
26210:
26209:
26201:
26192:
26190:
26186:
26185:
26183:
26182:
26174:
26166:
26157:
26155:
26151:
26150:
26148:
26147:
26139:
26131:
26129:
26125:
26124:
26122:
26121:
26113:
26105:
26096:
26094:
26090:
26089:
26087:
26086:
26078:
26070:
26062:
26054:
26046:
26038:
26030:
26022:
26018:Middle Passage
26014:
26006:
25998:
25990:
25982:
25974:
25966:
25958:
25950:
25942:
25920:
25912:
25904:
25896:
25888:
25879:
25877:
25875:Fiction/novels
25871:
25870:
25868:
25867:
25859:
25851:
25843:
25835:
25827:
25819:
25811:
25803:
25795:
25787:
25779:
25771:
25763:
25755:
25746:
25744:
25740:
25739:
25736:
25735:
25733:
25732:
25726:
25720:
25713:
25711:
25707:
25706:
25704:
25703:
25697:
25692:
25689:Wallace Willis
25686:
25681:
25676:
25671:
25669:Harriet Tubman
25666:
25659:
25656:Austin Steward
25653:
25648:
25643:
25638:
25633:
25628:
25626:William Parker
25623:
25617:
25612:
25607:
25601:
25596:
25594:J. Vance Lewis
25591:
25586:
25581:
25576:
25570:
25565:
25560:
25558:Harriet Jacobs
25555:
25550:
25545:
25539:
25534:
25532:William Grimes
25529:
25524:(19th century
25519:
25514:
25509:
25504:
25494:
25489:
25483:
25481:Kate Drumgoold
25478:
25473:
25468:
25463:
25458:
25453:
25448:
25443:
25437:
25432:
25427:
25422:
25416:
25411:
25406:
25401:
25399:Solomon Bayley
25396:
25391:
25386:
25381:
25375:
25373:
25370:North America:
25367:
25366:
25364:
25363:
25357:
25350:
25344:
25338:
25331:
25329:
25326:North America:
25323:
25322:
25320:
25319:
25316:John R. Jewitt
25313:
25306:
25304:
25301:North America:
25298:
25297:
25295:
25294:
25289:
25284:
25278:
25276:
25275:Ottoman Empire
25272:
25271:
25269:
25268:
25262:
25256:
25253:Jean Marteilhe
25250:
25244:
25238:
25231:
25229:
25225:
25224:
25222:
25221:
25214:
25212:
25208:
25207:
25205:
25204:
25198:
25192:
25186:
25180:
25167:
25161:
25155:
25149:
25143:
25137:
25136:(late 19th c.)
25131:
25125:
25119:
25113:
25110:Isaac Brassard
25107:
25101:
25095:
25088:
25086:
25079:
25078:of enslavement
25071:
25070:
25068:
25067:
25061:
25058:
25057:
25050:
25049:
25042:
25035:
25027:
25018:
25017:
25005:
25002:
25001:
24999:
24998:
24990:
24982:
24974:
24970:The North Star
24966:
24958:
24950:
24942:
24934:
24926:
24921:
24916:
24915:
24914:
24912:visitor center
24904:
24899:
24891:
24885:
24883:
24879:
24878:
24876:
24875:
24867:
24862:
24857:
24856:
24855:
24847:
24842:
24837:
24836:
24835:
24825:
24820:
24819:
24818:
24813:
24808:
24803:
24792:
24790:
24786:
24785:
24783:
24782:
24776:
24770:
24764:
24758:
24752:
24744:
24738:
24730:
24724:
24718:
24712:
24706:
24697:
24690:
24688:
24684:
24683:
24681:
24680:
24675:
24670:
24669:
24668:
24663:
24652:
24650:
24644:
24643:
24636:
24634:
24632:
24631:
24626:
24624:Harriet Tubman
24621:
24616:
24611:
24606:
24601:
24596:
24594:Hetty Reckless
24591:
24586:
24581:
24576:
24571:
24566:
24561:
24556:
24551:
24549:Frances Harper
24546:
24544:Thomas Garrett
24541:
24539:Isaac S. Flint
24536:
24531:
24526:
24521:
24516:
24511:
24506:
24501:
24495:
24493:
24487:
24486:
24479:
24478:
24471:
24464:
24456:
24447:
24446:
24443:
24442:
24440:
24439:
24438:
24437:
24427:
24422:
24417:
24412:
24407:
24402:
24397:
24392:
24390:Colored Troops
24387:
24382:
24377:
24372:
24367:
24361:
24359:
24353:
24352:
24350:
24349:
24344:
24339:
24332:
24327:
24325:Slave breeding
24322:
24317:
24315:Female slavery
24312:
24310:Sexual slavery
24306:
24304:
24301:sexual slavery
24296:
24295:
24293:
24292:
24287:
24282:
24277:
24276:
24275:
24270:
24265:
24260:
24255:
24250:
24245:
24240:
24230:
24225:
24218:
24211:
24206:
24201:
24196:
24191:
24186:
24180:
24175:
24170:
24165:
24160:
24155:
24150:
24145:
24140:
24134:
24132:
24128:
24127:
24125:
24124:
24119:
24114:
24109:
24104:
24099:
24094:
24089:
24084:
24079:
24074:
24069:
24064:
24063:
24062:
24057:
24047:
24042:
24037:
24032:
24027:
24022:
24020:Slave quarters
24017:
24012:
24007:
24006:
24005:
23995:
23990:
23984:
23982:
23981:social history
23976:
23975:
23973:
23972:
23967:
23962:
23957:
23952:
23947:
23942:
23937:
23932:
23927:
23922:
23917:
23912:
23906:
23904:
23895:
23891:
23890:
23888:
23887:
23882:
23876:
23874:
23870:
23869:
23864:
23862:
23856:
23855:
23853:
23852:
23847:
23842:
23837:
23832:
23827:
23822:
23817:
23812:
23807:
23802:
23800:South Carolina
23797:
23792:
23787:
23782:
23777:
23772:
23767:
23765:North Carolina
23762:
23757:
23752:
23747:
23742:
23737:
23732:
23727:
23722:
23717:
23712:
23707:
23702:
23697:
23692:
23687:
23682:
23677:
23672:
23667:
23662:
23657:
23652:
23647:
23642:
23637:
23632:
23627:
23622:
23617:
23612:
23607:
23601:
23599:
23595:
23594:
23587:
23586:
23579:
23572:
23564:
23558:
23555:
23554:
23545:
23544:
23534:
23522:
23517:
23511:
23498:
23488:
23482:
23472:
23466:
23460:
23451:
23445:
23439:
23428:
23427:External links
23425:
23424:
23423:
23402:
23399:
23398:
23397:
23379:
23362:
23359:
23358:
23357:
23345:American Notes
23329:
23326:
23324:
23323:
23317:
23302:
23296:
23277:
23275:
23274:Bibliographies
23272:
23270:
23269:
23263:
23246:
23224:
23218:
23201:
23195:
23174:
23165:
23159:
23142:
23136:
23119:
23113:
23094:
23076:
23070:
23052:
23050:
23047:
23045:
23044:
23025:
22999:
22985:
22967:(6): 750–772.
22951:
22941:
22916:
22898:
22887:
22885:
22882:
22880:
22879:
22869:
22863:
22846:
22840:
22822:
22812:
22799:
22789:
22780:
22764:
22754:
22748:
22728:
22719:
22706:
22697:
22681:
22671:
22662:
22642:
22633:
22611:
22602:
22582:
22574:
22572:
22569:
22567:
22566:
22556:
22549:
22540:
22537:
22522:
22513:
22495:
22485:
22472:
22463:
22450:
22441:
22415:
22406:
22390:
22379:
22361:
22359:
22356:
22354:
22353:
22346:
22335:
22330:7 Issue 1, pp.
22320:
22306:
22292:
22285:
22268:
22258:
22241:
22230:
22229:(1985), 87–111
22223:John McCardell
22215:Kolchin, Peter
22212:
22203:
22187:
22177:
22170:
22159:
22152:
22143:
22130:
22121:
22103:
22089:
22075:
22064:
22042:Brown, Vincent
22039:
22029:
22012:
21997:
21995:
21992:
21990:
21989:
21957:
21946:
21944:
21941:
21939:
21938:
21929:Wood, Peter H.
21926:
21916:
21906:
21896:
21886:
21876:
21866:
21859:
21849:
21842:
21833:
21817:
21808:
21792:
21785:
21775:
21762:
21752:
21742:
21732:
21723:
21707:
21698:
21685:
21673:
21664:
21651:
21642:
21628:
21626:
21623:
21621:
21620:
21593:
21578:10.2307/845555
21561:
21521:
21486:
21470:
21435:
21389:
21348:
21346:
21343:
21341:
21340:
21331:
21318:
21308:
21298:
21288:
21282:
21267:
21261:
21243:
21231:
21222:
21209:
21198:
21196:
21193:
21191:
21190:
21173:
21171:
21168:
21166:
21165:
21151:
21143:, Vol. 48, No.
21137:
21105:
21062:
21043:
21025:David, Paul A.
21022:
21007:10.2307/844116
21001:(2): 118–144.
20990:
20969:(3): 503–526.
20957:
20955:
20952:
20950:
20949:
20935:
20919:
20910:
20898:
20889:
20874:
20861:
20846:
20836:
20824:
20817:
20801:
20794:
20784:
20777:
20767:
20758:
20745:
20736:
20726:, ed. (1998).
20720:
20699:
20690:
20677:
20662:
20649:
20642:
20636:
20619:
20601:
20589:
20577:
20568:
20556:Kolchin, Peter
20552:
20543:
20530:
20521:
20505:
20487:
20467:
20458:
20445:
20434:
20412:
20402:
20381:
20368:
20359:
20346:
20337:
20324:
20315:
20299:
20290:
20274:
20253:
20243:
20230:
20221:
20208:
20199:
20179:
20170:
20153:
20141:
20132:
20116:
20104:
20083:
20074:
20061:
20052:, ed. (1965).
20046:
20034:
20022:
20016:
20001:
19992:
19979:
19967:
19944:
19924:
19915:
19902:
19893:
19877:
19868:
19855:
19846:
19833:
19824:
19811:
19802:
19786:
19777:
19761:
19752:
19736:
19727:
19711:
19696:
19684:
19668:
19666:
19663:
19658:Main article:
19655:
19652:
19649:
19648:
19639:
19627:
19609:
19582:(3): 316–345.
19554:
19532:
19525:
19507:
19492:
19473:
19452:
19426:
19406:
19399:
19381:Reeve, W. Paul
19372:
19347:
19340:
19317:
19302:
19276:
19255:
19234:
19185:
19178:
19158:
19145:
19088:
19079:
19066:
19059:
19030:
19023:
18997:
18990:
18964:
18957:
18931:
18894:
18852:
18845:
18823:Sowell, Thomas
18814:
18807:
18773:
18766:
18744:Sowell, Thomas
18735:
18728:
18706:Sowell, Thomas
18697:
18690:
18665:
18652:Eaton, Clement
18643:
18629:10.3386/w18396
18599:Johnson, Simon
18586:
18572:10.3386/w18396
18542:
18531:(3): 725–765.
18502:
18489:
18482:
18447:
18440:
18411:
18392:(1): 161–178.
18371:
18364:
18346:
18335:(4): 496–518.
18312:
18303:
18283:
18249:
18214:
18165:
18131:
18080:
18061:(2): 637–643.
18022:(3): 919–931.
17997:10.1086/683036
17989:10.1086/683036
17983:(2): 281–304.
17967:
17940:(2): 353–383.
17924:
17895:(2): 123–148.
17875:
17868:
17844:
17837:
17809:
17802:
17775:
17768:
17741:
17704:(1): 139–154.
17687:(March 1995).
17676:
17654:
17647:
17625:Sowell, Thomas
17616:
17579:
17525:(March 1995).
17511:
17504:
17482:Sowell, Thomas
17470:
17433:
17406:(1): 139–154.
17385:
17334:
17309:
17288:(1): 250–283.
17268:
17221:
17200:10.1086/686631
17184:(3): 621–641.
17165:
17150:
17143:
17123:
17114:
17105:
17096:
17062:
17036:
16989:
16976:
16959:
16941:
16903:
16873:
16861:
16848:
16841:
16815:
16806:
16789:
16777:
16759:
16743:
16734:
16727:
16704:
16687:
16669:
16656:
16647:
16634:
16627:
16607:
16594:
16581:
16575:Fehrenbacher,
16568:
16561:
16538:
16525:
16500:
16484:
16458:
16455:. p. 102.
16433:
16409:
16391:
16377:
16348:
16342:Frost (1998),
16335:
16309:
16302:
16282:
16275:
16246:
16232:
16225:
16207:
16200:
16178:
16152:
16125:(4): 671–710.
16109:
16102:
16082:
16073:
16051:
16039:
16032:
16014:
16011:. p. 416.
16009:Pantheon Books
15992:
15965:
15958:
15924:
15896:
15870:
15849:
15842:
15824:
15794:
15779:
15772:
15754:
15747:
15725:
15712:
15705:
15684:
15633:
15626:
15599:
15573:
15553:
15525:
15518:
15500:
15474:
15449:
15435:
15415:
15399:
15392:
15374:
15367:
15346:
15339:
15321:
15290:(R141): R141.
15284:Genome Biology
15269:
15218:
15169:
15154:
15140:
15131:
15117:
15110:
15090:
15067:
15045:
15019:
14992:(3): 331–348.
14976:
14941:
14915:
14908:
14888:
14868:
14855:
14853:Burke, p. 155.
14846:
14833:
14831:Davis, p. 124.
14824:
14807:
14784:
14782:Moore, p. 118.
14775:
14768:
14745:
14732:
14730:Moore, p. 114.
14723:
14702:
14677:
14672:Newspapers.com
14639:
14627:www.readex.com
14614:
14591:
14570:
14516:
14488:
14475:
14473:, pp. 179–180.
14462:
14460:, pp. 175–177.
14449:
14436:
14434:, pp. 168–171.
14423:
14414:
14412:, pp. 166–169.
14401:
14394:
14368:
14351:
14349:, pp. 161–162.
14338:
14312:
14287:
14280:
14253:
14240:
14210:
14198:
14171:
14144:
14109:
14079:
14074:newspapers.com
14051:
14018:
14011:
13989:
13958:
13951:
13933:
13926:
13908:
13901:
13881:
13853:
13819:
13793:
13786:
13760:
13747:
13724:
13717:
13691:
13674:
13667:
13647:
13640:
13620:
13613:
13593:
13586:
13566:
13559:
13539:
13532:
13512:
13477:
13442:
13438:black indians.
13425:
13399:
13392:
13370:
13317:(3): 678–703.
13275:
13268:
13237:
13226:
13208:
13178:
13168:
13150:
13107:
13081:
13068:
13055:
13042:
13015:(2): 275–303.
12995:
12973:
12955:
12927:
12901:
12894:
12872:
12839:
12833:
12806:
12779:(4): 391–419.
12761:
12754:
12718:
12705:
12687:
12662:
12622:
12587:
12568:(3): 266–273.
12552:
12545:
12524:
12501:
12468:
12429:
12410:(2): 172–188.
12394:
12381:
12356:
12337:
12324:
12311:
12290:
12265:
12244:
12231:
12206:
12190:
12183:
12161:
12150:Stewart, Alvan
12141:
12119:
12106:
12099:
12079:
12066:
12041:
12030:(3): 262–274.
12012:
11984:
11964:
11953:(2): 174–175.
11931:
11924:
11906:
11901:newspapers.com
11877:
11860:DeBow's Review
11842:
11812:
11793:
11777:
11743:
11707:
11700:
11676:
11649:(2): 102–125.
11624:
11613:Beard, Mary R.
11600:
11593:
11575:
11566:
11540:
11514:
11507:
11480:
11454:
11447:
11429:
11403:
11385:
11359:
11346:
11316:
11272:
11256:
11219:(4): 840–855.
11199:
11172:(3): 211–235.
11152:
11124:
11103:
11090:
11065:
11030:
11017:
10998:(5): 943–955.
10982:
10969:
10949:
10928:
10904:
10878:
10852:
10829:
10826:(1): 145, 150.
10810:
10784:
10758:
10743:
10726:
10713:
10706:
10688:
10681:
10661:
10646:
10612:
10605:
10585:
10570:
10547:
10540:
10520:
10506:
10492:
10467:
10454:
10433:
10412:
10387:
10361:
10346:
10339:
10317:
10293:
10272:
10251:
10239:
10218:
10209:
10207:, pp. 212–220.
10196:
10177:
10157:
10134:
10108:
10096:www.sciway.net
10083:
10060:
10040:
10024:
9999:
9975:
9956:
9949:
9929:
9901:
9889:
9882:
9864:
9857:
9834:
9819:
9796:
9789:
9783:. p. 87.
9766:
9765:
9763:
9760:
9757:
9756:
9746:
9736:
9735:
9733:
9730:
9729:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9708:
9703:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9690:
9685:
9683:Indian removal
9680:
9675:
9668:
9667:
9666:
9656:
9651:
9646:
9641:
9636:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9615:
9609:
9608:
9607:
9593:
9590:History portal
9579:
9563:
9560:
9533:Main article:
9530:
9529:Historiography
9527:
9524:
9523:
9520:
9517:
9513:
9512:
9509:
9506:
9502:
9501:
9498:
9495:
9491:
9490:
9487:
9484:
9480:
9479:
9476:
9473:
9469:
9468:
9465:
9462:
9456:
9455:
9452:
9436:
9432:
9414:
9411:
9408:
9407:
9404:
9401:
9398:
9395:
9392:
9389:
9386:
9383:
9379:
9378:
9375:
9372:
9369:
9366:
9363:
9360:
9357:
9354:
9353:West Virginia
9350:
9349:
9346:
9343:
9340:
9337:
9334:
9331:
9328:
9325:
9321:
9320:
9317:
9314:
9311:
9308:
9305:
9302:
9299:
9296:
9292:
9291:
9288:
9285:
9282:
9279:
9276:
9273:
9270:
9267:
9263:
9262:
9259:
9256:
9253:
9250:
9247:
9244:
9241:
9238:
9234:
9233:
9230:
9227:
9224:
9221:
9218:
9215:
9212:
9209:
9205:
9204:
9201:
9198:
9195:
9192:
9189:
9186:
9183:
9180:
9179:South Carolina
9176:
9175:
9172:
9169:
9166:
9163:
9160:
9157:
9154:
9151:
9147:
9146:
9143:
9140:
9137:
9134:
9131:
9128:
9125:
9122:
9118:
9117:
9114:
9111:
9108:
9105:
9102:
9099:
9096:
9093:
9089:
9088:
9085:
9082:
9079:
9076:
9073:
9070:
9067:
9064:
9060:
9059:
9056:
9053:
9050:
9047:
9044:
9041:
9038:
9035:
9034:North Carolina
9031:
9030:
9027:
9024:
9021:
9018:
9015:
9012:
9009:
9006:
9002:
9001:
8998:
8995:
8992:
8989:
8986:
8983:
8980:
8977:
8973:
8972:
8969:
8966:
8963:
8960:
8957:
8954:
8951:
8948:
8944:
8943:
8940:
8937:
8934:
8931:
8928:
8925:
8922:
8919:
8915:
8914:
8911:
8908:
8905:
8902:
8899:
8896:
8893:
8890:
8886:
8885:
8882:
8879:
8876:
8873:
8870:
8867:
8864:
8861:
8857:
8856:
8853:
8850:
8847:
8844:
8841:
8838:
8835:
8832:
8828:
8827:
8824:
8821:
8818:
8815:
8812:
8809:
8806:
8803:
8799:
8798:
8795:
8792:
8789:
8786:
8783:
8780:
8777:
8774:
8770:
8769:
8766:
8763:
8760:
8757:
8754:
8751:
8748:
8745:
8741:
8740:
8737:
8734:
8731:
8728:
8725:
8722:
8719:
8716:
8712:
8711:
8708:
8705:
8702:
8699:
8696:
8693:
8690:
8687:
8683:
8682:
8679:
8676:
8673:
8670:
8667:
8664:
8661:
8658:
8654:
8653:
8650:
8647:
8644:
8641:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8625:
8624:
8621:
8618:
8615:
8612:
8609:
8606:
8603:
8600:
8596:
8595:
8592:
8589:
8586:
8583:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8571:
8567:
8566:
8563:
8560:
8557:
8554:
8551:
8548:
8545:
8542:
8538:
8537:
8534:
8531:
8528:
8525:
8522:
8519:
8516:
8513:
8509:
8508:
8505:
8502:
8499:
8496:
8493:
8490:
8487:
8484:
8480:
8479:
8476:
8473:
8470:
8467:
8464:
8461:
8458:
8455:
8451:
8450:
8447:
8444:
8441:
8438:
8435:
8432:
8429:
8426:
8422:
8421:
8418:
8415:
8412:
8409:
8406:
8403:
8400:
8397:
8393:
8392:
8389:
8386:
8383:
8380:
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8364:
8363:
8360:
8357:
8354:
8351:
8348:
8345:
8342:
8339:
8335:
8334:
8331:
8328:
8325:
8322:
8319:
8316:
8313:
8310:
8306:
8305:
8302:
8299:
8296:
8293:
8290:
8287:
8284:
8281:
8277:
8276:
8273:
8270:
8267:
8264:
8261:
8258:
8255:
8252:
8248:
8247:
8244:
8241:
8238:
8235:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8223:
8200:
8199:
8182:
8181:
8178:
8175:
8172:
8169:
8166:
8163:
8159:
8158:
8155:
8152:
8149:
8146:
8143:
8140:
8136:
8135:
8132:
8129:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8113:
8112:
8109:
8106:
8103:
8100:
8097:
8094:
8090:
8089:
8086:
8083:
8080:
8077:
8074:
8071:
8067:
8066:
8063:
8060:
8057:
8054:
8051:
8048:
8044:
8043:
8040:
8037:
8034:
8031:
8028:
8025:
8021:
8020:
8017:
8014:
8011:
8008:
8005:
8002:
7998:
7997:
7994:
7991:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7979:
7975:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7946:
7922:
7919:
7916:
7915:
7912:
7895:
7894:
7891:
7866:Bight of Benin
7862:
7861:
7858:
7845:Windward Coast
7841:
7840:
7837:
7820:
7819:
7816:
7795:
7794:
7791:
7774:
7773:
7770:
7741:
7740:
7737:
7716:
7715:
7712:Amount %
7710:
7693:
7690:
7687:
7686:
7683:
7679:
7678:
7675:
7671:
7670:
7667:
7663:
7662:
7659:
7655:
7654:
7651:
7647:
7646:
7643:
7639:
7638:
7635:
7631:
7630:
7627:
7623:
7622:
7619:
7609:
7606:
7596:
7593:
7559:
7556:
7518:
7515:
7483:
7480:
7462:
7459:
7441:
7438:
7416:
7413:
7408:Main article:
7405:
7402:
7386:
7383:
7377:Isaac Franklin
7332:
7329:
7316:Charles Sumner
7279:
7276:
7248:
7242:
7236:
7230:
7224:
7218:
7212:
7206:
7200:
7194:
7188:
7182:
7176:
7170:
7120:Main article:
7117:
7116:End of slavery
7114:
7071:(unidentified
7057:Main article:
7054:
7051:
7010:
7007:
6974:James M. Mason
6926:
6925:
6923:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6900:
6897:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6874:
6871:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6863:
6862:
6855:
6848:
6843:
6836:
6827:
6820:
6814:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6806:
6803:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6785:
6780:
6773:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6750:
6747:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6739:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6676:Wilmot Proviso
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6651:Tariff of 1828
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6622:
6619:
6618:
6615:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6599:
6596:
6595:
6576:Main article:
6573:
6570:
6508:
6505:
6494:wood-engraving
6475:
6472:
6453:Main article:
6450:
6447:
6396:
6393:
6328:Main article:
6325:
6322:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6236:Combahee River
6212:Charles Paxson
6146:Main article:
6143:
6140:
6066:, painting by
6017:Main article:
6014:
6011:
5969:map of Liberia
5950:
5947:
5898:
5895:
5890:Main article:
5887:
5884:
5879:Main article:
5876:
5873:
5851:
5848:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5823:
5818:
5809:
5803:
5797:
5791:
5785:
5779:
5773:
5767:
5744:wood-engraving
5723:Main article:
5720:
5717:
5694:
5691:
5666:made American
5648:Windward Coast
5632:Main article:
5629:
5626:
5522:Harriet Tubman
5502:Oliver Johnson
5457:
5433:Main article:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5418:
5407:
5394:
5374:
5371:
5360:Gravier Street
5340:Baronne Street
5313:Mudsill theory
5299:Main article:
5296:
5293:
5287:
5284:
5224:
5221:
5163:
5160:
5118:Main article:
5115:
5112:
5104:fugitive slave
5076:Main article:
5073:
5070:
5053:Main article:
5050:
5047:
5018:Black Loyalist
5013:
5010:
4989:Main article:
4986:
4983:
4940:
4937:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4851:
4844:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4774:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4734:North Carolina
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4547:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4336:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4167:
4161:
4160:
4150:Ute War (1887)
4123:
4118:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4057:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3967:Peach Tree War
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3725:Trail of Tears
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3642:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3624:
3623:
3616:
3615:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3469:Black genocide
3465:
3462:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3376:US communities
3373:
3368:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3333:South Carolina
3330:
3328:North Carolina
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3150:South Carolina
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3130:North Carolina
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2987:Samaná English
2984:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2937:LGBT community
2933:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2894:Creek Freedmen
2891:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2864:Carmel Indians
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2745:Central (CIAA)
2739:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2612:Pan-Africanism
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2443:Black theology
2439:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2380:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2363:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2307:Economic class
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:Academic study
2243:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2139:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2017:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1789:List of slaves
1786:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1660:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1507:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:Dutch Republic
1330:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
983:
982:
981:
971:
970:
969:
958:
957:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
934:
933:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
877:
876:
866:
861:
856:
850:
849:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
832:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
805:
804:
800:
799:
794:
792:Child soldiers
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
768:
767:
757:
752:
747:
742:
741:
740:
735:
730:
719:
718:
714:
713:
708:
703:
701:Spanish Empire
698:
693:
688:
683:
681:Middle Passage
678:
673:
668:
663:
657:
656:
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
543:
542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
511:
510:
509:
502:Ottoman Empire
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
463:
457:
456:
450:
449:
448:
447:
437:
432:
427:
426:
425:
420:
415:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
378:
372:
371:
366:
361:
356:
350:
349:
343:
338:
337:
334:
333:
330:
329:
324:
322:Sexual slavery
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
288:
287:
282:
280:Child marriage
277:
267:
262:
257:
255:Child soldiers
252:
246:
241:
240:
237:
236:
228:
227:
217:
216:
159:
158:
149:
148:
140:
139:
138:
129:
128:
120:
119:
118:
109:
108:
100:
99:
98:
89:
88:
80:
79:
78:
69:
68:
60:
59:
58:
57:
56:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
32126:
32115:
32112:
32110:
32107:
32105:
32102:
32100:
32097:
32095:
32092:
32090:
32087:
32085:
32082:
32080:
32077:
32075:
32072:
32070:
32067:
32065:
32062:
32060:
32057:
32055:
32052:
32050:
32047:
32045:
32042:
32040:
32037:
32035:
32032:
32030:
32027:
32025:
32022:
32020:
32017:
32015:
32012:
32011:
32009:
31988:
31984:
31980:
31978:
31970:
31969:
31966:
31952:
31949:
31948:
31946:
31942:
31936:
31933:
31931:
31928:
31926:
31923:
31921:
31918:
31916:
31913:
31911:
31908:
31906:
31905:Photographers
31903:
31901:
31898:
31896:
31893:
31891:
31888:
31886:
31883:
31881:
31880:Gender issues
31878:
31876:
31873:
31869:
31866:
31865:
31864:
31861:
31857:
31854:
31853:
31852:
31849:
31847:
31844:
31842:
31839:
31837:
31834:
31833:
31831:
31827:
31819:
31816:
31814:
31811:
31809:
31806:
31804:
31801:
31800:
31799:
31796:
31794:
31791:
31789:
31786:
31784:
31781:
31779:
31776:
31775:
31773:
31769:
31763:
31760:
31758:
31755:
31753:
31750:
31748:
31745:
31743:
31742:
31738:
31736:
31733:
31731:
31728:
31726:
31723:
31722:
31720:
31718:
31714:
31708:
31707:War Democrats
31705:
31703:
31700:
31698:
31697:Union Leagues
31695:
31693:
31690:
31688:
31685:
31683:
31680:
31678:
31675:
31673:
31670:
31668:
31665:
31663:
31660:
31658:
31655:
31653:
31650:
31648:
31645:
31643:
31640:
31638:
31635:
31633:
31630:
31629:
31627:
31623:
31617:
31614:
31612:
31609:
31607:
31604:
31602:
31599:
31597:
31596:Turning point
31594:
31592:
31589:
31587:
31584:
31582:
31579:
31577:
31574:
31572:
31569:
31567:
31566:Naval battles
31564:
31562:
31559:
31557:
31554:
31552:
31549:
31547:
31544:
31542:
31539:
31537:
31534:
31532:
31529:
31527:
31524:
31522:
31519:
31518:
31516:
31512:
31508:
31500:
31499:
31495:
31491:
31477:
31474:
31472:
31469:
31467:
31464:
31462:
31459:
31457:
31454:
31452:
31451:
31447:
31445:
31442:
31440:
31437:
31435:
31432:
31431:
31429:
31425:
31419:
31416:
31414:
31411:
31410:
31408:
31404:
31394:
31391:
31387:
31384:
31382:
31379:
31377:
31374:
31373:
31372:
31369:
31368:
31366:
31362:
31354:
31351:
31349:
31346:
31345:
31344:
31341:
31340:
31338:
31334:
31331:
31329:and memorials
31325:
31319:
31316:
31314:
31311:
31309:
31306:
31304:
31301:
31299:
31296:
31294:
31291:
31289:
31286:
31284:
31281:
31279:
31276:
31274:
31271:
31269:
31266:
31262:
31259:
31257:
31254:
31253:
31252:
31249:
31247:
31244:
31240:
31237:
31235:
31232:
31230:
31227:
31225:
31222:
31220:
31217:
31215:
31212:
31210:
31207:
31205:
31202:
31200:
31197:
31195:
31192:
31191:
31190:
31189:Commemoration
31187:
31186:
31184:
31178:
31172:
31169:
31167:
31164:
31160:
31157:
31156:
31155:
31152:
31150:
31147:
31145:
31142:
31138:
31135:
31134:
31133:
31130:
31128:
31125:
31123:
31120:
31116:
31113:
31111:
31108:
31106:
31103:
31101:
31098:
31097:
31096:
31093:
31089:
31086:
31084:
31081:
31079:
31076:
31074:
31071:
31069:
31066:
31065:
31064:
31061:
31059:
31056:
31054:
31051:
31049:
31046:
31042:
31039:
31037:
31034:
31032:
31031:first inquiry
31029:
31027:
31024:
31022:
31019:
31017:
31014:
31013:
31012:
31009:
31004:
31001:
30999:
30996:
30995:
30994:
30991:
30989:
30986:
30984:
30981:
30979:
30976:
30972:
30969:
30968:
30967:
30964:
30962:
30959:
30957:
30954:
30952:
30951:Carpetbaggers
30949:
30947:
30944:
30942:
30939:
30938:
30936:
30934:
30930:
30922:
30919:
30917:
30914:
30912:
30909:
30908:
30907:
30904:
30903:
30901:
30899:
30895:
30891:
30884:
30880:
30862:
30859:
30857:
30854:
30852:
30849:
30847:
30844:
30842:
30839:
30837:
30834:
30832:
30829:
30827:
30824:
30822:
30819:
30817:
30814:
30812:
30809:
30808:
30806:
30802:
30796:
30793:
30791:
30788:
30786:
30783:
30781:
30778:
30776:
30773:
30771:
30768:
30766:
30763:
30761:
30758:
30756:
30753:
30751:
30748:
30746:
30743:
30741:
30738:
30736:
30733:
30731:
30728:
30726:
30723:
30721:
30718:
30716:
30713:
30711:
30708:
30706:
30703:
30701:
30698:
30696:
30693:
30691:
30688:
30686:
30683:
30681:
30678:
30677:
30675:
30671:
30668:
30664:
30654:
30651:
30649:
30646:
30644:
30641:
30639:
30636:
30634:
30631:
30629:
30626:
30624:
30621:
30619:
30616:
30614:
30611:
30610:
30608:
30604:
30598:
30595:
30593:
30590:
30588:
30585:
30583:
30580:
30578:
30575:
30573:
30570:
30568:
30565:
30563:
30560:
30558:
30555:
30553:
30550:
30548:
30545:
30543:
30540:
30538:
30535:
30533:
30530:
30528:
30525:
30523:
30520:
30518:
30515:
30513:
30510:
30508:
30505:
30503:
30500:
30498:
30495:
30493:
30490:
30488:
30485:
30483:
30480:
30478:
30475:
30474:
30472:
30468:
30465:
30461:
30457:
30453:
30448:
30444:
30426:
30423:
30421:
30418:
30416:
30413:
30411:
30408:
30406:
30403:
30401:
30398:
30396:
30393:
30392:
30390:
30386:
30380:
30377:
30375:
30374:West Virginia
30372:
30370:
30367:
30365:
30362:
30360:
30357:
30355:
30352:
30350:
30347:
30345:
30342:
30340:
30337:
30335:
30332:
30330:
30327:
30325:
30322:
30320:
30317:
30315:
30312:
30310:
30307:
30305:
30302:
30300:
30297:
30295:
30294:New Hampshire
30292:
30290:
30287:
30285:
30282:
30280:
30277:
30275:
30272:
30270:
30267:
30265:
30262:
30260:
30257:
30255:
30254:Massachusetts
30252:
30250:
30247:
30245:
30242:
30240:
30237:
30235:
30232:
30230:
30227:
30225:
30222:
30220:
30217:
30215:
30212:
30210:
30207:
30205:
30202:
30200:
30197:
30195:
30192:
30190:
30187:
30185:
30182:
30180:
30177:
30175:
30172:
30170:
30167:
30165:
30162:
30160:
30157:
30155:
30152:
30150:
30147:
30145:
30142:
30141:
30139:
30133:
30130:
30126:
30120:
30117:
30115:
30112:
30110:
30107:
30105:
30102:
30100:
30097:
30095:
30092:
30090:
30087:
30085:
30082:
30080:
30077:
30075:
30072:
30070:
30067:
30065:
30062:
30060:
30057:
30055:
30052:
30050:
30047:
30045:
30042:
30040:
30037:
30035:
30032:
30030:
30027:
30025:
30022:
30020:
30017:
30015:
30012:
30010:
30007:
30005:
30002:
30000:
29997:
29995:
29994:Hampton Roads
29992:
29990:
29987:
29985:
29984:Fort Donelson
29982:
29980:
29977:
29975:
29972:
29970:
29967:
29966:
29964:
29962:
29957:
29951:
29948:
29946:
29943:
29941:
29938:
29936:
29933:
29931:
29928:
29926:
29923:
29921:
29918:
29916:
29913:
29911:
29908:
29906:
29903:
29901:
29898:
29896:
29893:
29891:
29888:
29886:
29883:
29881:
29880:Morgan's Raid
29878:
29876:
29873:
29871:
29868:
29866:
29863:
29861:
29858:
29856:
29853:
29851:
29848:
29846:
29843:
29841:
29838:
29836:
29833:
29831:
29828:
29826:
29825:Anaconda Plan
29823:
29822:
29820:
29818:
29813:
29807:
29804:
29802:
29801:Pacific Coast
29799:
29797:
29794:
29792:
29789:
29787:
29784:
29782:
29779:
29778:
29776:
29772:
29762:
29759:
29757:
29754:
29752:
29749:
29748:
29746:
29744:
29740:
29734:
29731:
29729:
29726:
29724:
29721:
29719:
29716:
29715:
29713:
29711:
29707:
29704:
29700:
29696:
29688:
29685:
29682:
29679:
29676:
29675:
29671:
29667:
29653:
29650:
29648:
29645:
29641:
29638:
29637:
29636:
29633:
29631:
29628:
29626:
29623:
29621:
29618:
29616:
29613:
29611:
29608:
29606:
29603:
29601:
29598:
29596:
29593:
29591:
29588:
29586:
29583:
29581:
29578:
29576:
29573:
29572:
29570:
29568:
29564:
29558:
29557:
29553:
29551:
29548:
29546:
29543:
29541:
29538:
29536:
29535:Positive good
29533:
29531:
29528:
29526:
29523:
29521:
29518:
29516:
29513:
29511:
29510:
29506:
29504:
29501:
29499:
29496:
29494:
29491:
29490:
29488:
29486:
29482:
29476:
29473:
29471:
29468:
29466:
29463:
29461:
29458:
29456:
29453:
29451:
29450:Panic of 1857
29448:
29446:
29443:
29441:
29438:
29436:
29433:
29431:
29428:
29426:
29423:
29421:
29418:
29416:
29413:
29411:
29410:Border states
29408:
29406:
29403:
29401:
29398:
29397:
29395:
29390:
29387:
29386:
29383:
29379:
29372:
29368:
29364:
29357:
29352:
29350:
29345:
29343:
29338:
29337:
29334:
29322:
29321:West Virginia
29319:
29317:
29314:
29312:
29309:
29307:
29304:
29302:
29299:
29297:
29294:
29292:
29289:
29287:
29284:
29280:
29277:
29276:
29275:
29272:
29270:
29267:
29266:
29264:
29262:
29258:
29252:
29251:Sharecropping
29249:
29247:
29244:
29243:
29241:
29237:
29231:
29228:
29226:
29223:
29219:
29218:Interregional
29216:
29214:
29211:
29209:
29206:
29205:
29203:
29199:
29196:
29194:
29191:
29189:
29186:
29184:
29181:
29179:
29176:
29174:
29171:
29170:
29169:
29166:
29165:
29163:
29159:
29153:
29150:
29148:
29145:
29143:
29140:
29138:
29135:
29133:
29130:
29126:
29123:
29122:
29121:
29118:
29117:
29115:
29111:
29103:
29100:
29099:
29098:
29095:
29093:
29090:
29086:
29083:
29082:
29081:
29080:Planter class
29078:
29077:
29075:
29071:
29062:
29057:
29055:
29050:
29048:
29043:
29042:
29039:
29029:
29028:
29017:
29007:
29004:
29000:
28997:
28995:
28992:
28990:
28987:
28985:
28982:
28980:
28977:
28975:
28972:
28971:
28970:
28967:
28965:
28962:
28960:
28957:
28955:
28952:
28950:
28947:
28945:
28942:
28940:
28937:
28935:
28932:
28930:
28927:
28925:
28922:
28920:
28917:
28915:
28912:
28910:
28907:
28905:
28902:
28900:
28897:
28895:
28892:
28890:
28887:
28886:
28884:
28880:
28872:
28869:
28868:
28867:
28864:
28860:
28857:
28856:
28855:
28852:
28848:
28845:
28843:
28840:
28839:
28838:
28834:
28831:
28829:
28826:
28824:
28821:
28819:
28816:
28814:
28811:
28809:
28806:
28804:
28801:
28799:
28796:
28794:
28791:
28787:
28784:
28783:
28782:
28779:
28778:
28776:
28772:
28766:
28763:
28759:
28756:
28755:
28753:
28752:Sapelo Island
28750:
28748:
28745:
28743:
28740:
28738:
28735:
28733:
28730:
28728:
28725:
28724:
28722:
28718:
28712:
28709:
28707:
28704:
28702:
28699:
28697:
28694:
28693:
28691:
28687:
28684:
28680:
28675:
28669:
28655:
28652:
28650:
28647:
28646:
28644:
28640:
28634:
28631:
28629:
28626:
28624:
28621:
28619:
28616:
28614:
28611:
28609:
28606:
28605:
28603:
28599:
28593:
28590:
28588:
28585:
28583:
28582:Rabbit's foot
28580:
28578:
28575:
28573:
28570:
28568:
28565:
28563:
28560:
28558:
28555:
28553:
28550:
28548:
28545:
28543:
28540:
28538:
28535:
28533:
28530:
28528:
28525:
28524:
28522:
28518:
28512:
28509:
28508:
28506:
28502:
28496:
28495:
28491:
28489:
28488:
28484:
28483:
28481:
28477:
28470:
28469:
28465:
28462:
28461:
28457:
28454:
28453:
28449:
28446:
28445:
28441:
28438:
28437:
28433:
28430:
28429:
28425:
28424:
28422:
28418:
28415:
28411:
28406:
28405:Gullah people
28399:
28394:
28392:
28387:
28385:
28380:
28379:
28376:
28364:
28354:
28352:
28349:
28348:
28345:
28339:
28336:
28334:
28333:Neighborhoods
28331:
28329:
28326:
28324:
28321:
28319:
28316:
28314:
28311:
28309:
28306:
28302:
28299:
28297:
28296:Sports firsts
28294:
28292:
28289:
28288:
28287:
28284:
28280:
28277:
28275:
28272:
28270:
28267:
28265:
28262:
28260:
28257:
28255:
28252:
28250:
28247:
28245:
28242:
28240:
28237:
28235:
28232:
28230:
28227:
28225:
28222:
28220:
28217:
28215:
28212:
28210:
28207:
28205:
28202:
28201:
28200:
28197:
28196:
28194:
28190:
28182:
28179:
28178:
28176:
28174:
28171:
28167:
28164:
28162:
28159:
28157:
28154:
28152:
28149:
28147:
28144:
28143:
28141:
28137:
28134:
28132:
28129:
28127:
28124:
28122:
28119:
28118:
28117:
28114:
28113:
28111:
28109:
28105:
28099:
28098:West Virginia
28096:
28094:
28091:
28089:
28086:
28082:
28079:
28077:
28074:
28072:
28069:
28067:
28064:
28063:
28062:
28059:
28057:
28054:
28052:
28049:
28047:
28044:
28040:
28037:
28036:
28035:Pennsylvania
28034:
28032:
28029:
28027:
28024:
28022:
28019:
28015:
28014:New York City
28012:
28011:
28010:
28007:
28005:
28002:
27998:
27995:
27994:
27993:
27990:
27988:
27985:
27981:
27978:
27977:
27975:
27971:
27968:
27967:
27965:
27961:
27958:
27957:
27956:
27953:
27951:
27948:
27944:
27941:
27940:
27939:
27936:
27934:
27931:
27927:
27924:
27923:
27922:
27919:
27917:
27914:
27910:
27907:
27906:
27905:
27902:
27900:
27897:
27893:
27890:
27889:
27888:
27885:
27881:
27878:
27876:
27873:
27872:
27871:
27868:
27866:
27863:
27859:
27858:San Francisco
27856:
27854:
27851:
27850:
27849:
27846:
27844:
27841:
27839:
27836:
27835:
27833:
27831:By state/city
27829:
27823:
27820:
27818:
27815:
27809:
27806:
27804:
27801:
27800:
27799:
27796:
27794:
27791:
27790:
27789:
27786:
27782:
27779:
27778:
27777:
27776:American Sign
27774:
27772:
27769:
27768:
27766:
27762:
27754:
27751:
27749:
27746:
27745:
27744:
27741:
27739:
27736:
27732:
27729:
27727:
27724:
27723:
27722:
27719:
27715:
27712:
27711:
27710:
27709:Neighborhoods
27707:
27706:
27704:
27700:
27694:
27691:
27687:
27684:
27683:
27682:
27679:
27677:
27674:
27672:
27669:
27667:
27664:
27660:
27657:
27655:
27652:
27650:
27647:
27645:
27642:
27641:
27640:
27639:Black Indians
27637:
27635:
27632:
27628:
27625:
27623:
27620:
27618:
27615:
27613:
27610:
27609:
27607:
27606:
27604:
27600:
27590:
27587:
27585:
27582:
27580:
27577:
27575:
27572:
27571:
27569:
27561:
27555:
27552:
27550:
27547:
27545:
27542:
27540:
27537:
27535:
27532:
27530:
27527:
27525:
27522:
27520:
27517:
27515:
27512:
27510:
27507:
27505:
27502:
27500:
27497:
27496:
27493:
27490:
27486:
27480:
27477:
27475:
27472:
27470:
27467:
27465:
27462:
27460:
27457:
27455:
27452:
27450:
27447:
27445:
27442:
27440:
27437:
27435:
27432:
27430:
27427:
27425:
27422:
27420:
27417:
27415:
27412:
27411:
27409:
27401:
27395:
27392:
27388:
27385:
27384:
27383:
27380:
27378:
27375:
27373:
27370:
27368:
27365:
27363:
27360:
27358:
27355:
27353:
27350:
27346:
27343:
27342:
27341:
27338:
27336:
27333:
27331:
27328:
27327:
27325:
27321:
27315:
27312:
27310:
27307:
27305:
27302:
27298:
27295:
27294:
27293:
27290:
27286:
27283:
27281:
27278:
27277:
27276:
27273:
27271:
27268:
27267:
27265:
27263:
27259:
27251:
27248:
27246:
27243:
27241:
27238:
27237:
27235:
27233:
27230:
27228:
27225:
27223:
27220:
27218:
27217:Black schools
27215:
27213:
27212:Black studies
27210:
27209:
27207:
27201:
27195:
27194:Whitney Young
27192:
27190:
27187:
27185:
27184:Oprah Winfrey
27182:
27180:
27177:
27175:
27172:
27170:
27167:
27165:
27162:
27160:
27157:
27155:
27154:Denmark Vesey
27152:
27150:
27147:
27145:
27142:
27140:
27137:
27135:
27132:
27130:
27127:
27125:
27122:
27120:
27117:
27115:
27112:
27110:
27107:
27105:
27102:
27100:
27099:Joseph Rainey
27097:
27095:
27092:
27090:
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27082:
27080:
27077:
27075:
27072:
27070:
27067:
27065:
27062:
27060:
27057:
27055:
27054:Toni Morrison
27052:
27050:
27047:
27045:
27042:
27040:
27039:Joseph Lowery
27037:
27035:
27032:
27030:
27027:
27025:
27022:
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27012:
27010:
27007:
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26997:
26995:
26992:
26990:
26987:
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26984:Jesse Jackson
26982:
26980:
26977:
26975:
26974:Kamala Harris
26972:
26970:
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26965:
26962:
26960:
26959:Marcus Garvey
26957:
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26912:
26910:
26909:Blanche Bruce
26907:
26905:
26904:Edward Brooke
26902:
26900:
26897:
26895:
26894:James Bradley
26892:
26890:
26887:
26885:
26882:
26880:
26877:
26875:
26874:James Baldwin
26872:
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26844:
26841:
26839:
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26819:
26818:Neighborhoods
26816:
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26671:Silent Parade
26669:
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26599:Jim Crow laws
26597:
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26423:
26422:Black cowboys
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26408:
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26191:
26189:Documentaries
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25727:
25724:
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25712:
25710:South America
25708:
25701:
25700:Zamba Zembola
25698:
25696:
25693:
25690:
25687:
25685:
25682:
25680:
25679:Bethany Veney
25677:
25675:
25672:
25670:
25667:
25664:
25660:
25657:
25654:
25652:
25651:Venture Smith
25649:
25647:
25644:
25642:
25639:
25637:
25634:
25632:
25631:James Roberts
25629:
25627:
25624:
25621:
25618:
25616:
25613:
25611:
25608:
25605:
25602:
25600:
25597:
25595:
25592:
25590:
25589:Lunsford Lane
25587:
25585:
25582:
25580:
25577:
25574:
25573:Paul Jennings
25571:
25569:
25566:
25564:
25561:
25559:
25556:
25554:
25551:
25549:
25548:Omar ibn Said
25546:
25543:
25540:
25538:
25537:Josiah Henson
25535:
25533:
25530:
25527:
25523:
25522:William Green
25520:
25518:
25515:
25513:
25510:
25508:
25505:
25502:
25498:
25497:Peter Fossett
25495:
25493:
25490:
25487:
25484:
25482:
25479:
25477:
25474:
25472:
25469:
25467:
25464:
25462:
25459:
25457:
25456:Lucinda Davis
25454:
25452:
25451:Hannah Crafts
25449:
25447:
25444:
25441:
25438:
25436:
25433:
25431:
25428:
25426:
25423:
25420:
25419:James Bradley
25417:
25415:
25414:Leonard Black
25412:
25410:
25407:
25405:
25402:
25400:
25397:
25395:
25392:
25390:
25387:
25385:
25382:
25380:
25377:
25376:
25374:
25372:United States
25368:
25361:
25360:Marcos Xiorro
25358:
25355:
25351:
25348:
25345:
25342:
25339:
25336:
25333:
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25209:
25202:
25199:
25196:
25193:
25190:
25187:
25184:
25181:
25171:
25168:
25165:
25164:Thomas Pellow
25162:
25159:
25156:
25153:
25150:
25147:
25144:
25141:
25138:
25135:
25134:Petro Kilekwa
25132:
25129:
25126:
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24892:
24890:
24887:
24886:
24884:
24880:
24873:
24872:
24868:
24866:
24863:
24861:
24860:Slave catcher
24858:
24854:
24851:
24850:
24848:
24846:
24843:
24841:
24838:
24834:
24831:
24830:
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24728:
24725:
24722:
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24716:
24713:
24710:
24707:
24704:
24702:
24698:
24696:flight (1845)
24695:
24692:
24691:
24689:
24685:
24679:
24676:
24674:
24671:
24667:
24664:
24662:
24659:
24658:
24657:
24654:
24653:
24651:
24649:
24645:
24640:
24630:
24629:Delia Webster
24627:
24625:
24622:
24620:
24617:
24615:
24612:
24610:
24607:
24605:
24604:William Still
24602:
24600:
24597:
24595:
24592:
24590:
24587:
24585:
24584:Robert Purvis
24582:
24580:
24577:
24575:
24572:
24570:
24567:
24565:
24564:Daniel Hughes
24562:
24560:
24557:
24555:
24552:
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24542:
24540:
24537:
24535:
24532:
24530:
24527:
24525:
24522:
24520:
24517:
24515:
24514:Samuel Burris
24512:
24510:
24507:
24505:
24502:
24500:
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24488:
24484:
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24368:
24366:
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24362:
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24358:
24354:
24348:
24347:Shadow family
24345:
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24340:
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24151:
24149:
24148:Freedom suits
24146:
24144:
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24139:
24136:
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24133:
24129:
24123:
24120:
24118:
24115:
24113:
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24108:
24105:
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24100:
24098:
24097:Planter class
24095:
24093:
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24085:
24083:
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24078:
24075:
24073:
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24068:
24065:
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24056:
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24051:
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24046:
24043:
24041:
24040:Slave catcher
24038:
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24023:
24021:
24018:
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24013:
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23867:
23863:
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23846:
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23841:
23840:West Virginia
23838:
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23768:
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23756:
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23751:
23748:
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23745:New Hampshire
23743:
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23731:
23728:
23726:
23723:
23721:
23718:
23716:
23713:
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23708:
23706:
23705:Massachusetts
23703:
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23409:
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23391:
23387:
23383:
23380:
23377:
23373:
23369:
23366:Ryan, Tim A.
23365:
23364:
23354:
23350:
23346:
23342:
23341:
23336:
23332:
23331:
23320:
23318:0-765-60279-2
23314:
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23309:
23303:
23299:
23297:0-527-63660-6
23293:
23289:
23288:
23283:
23279:
23278:
23266:
23260:
23256:
23255:Pilgrim Press
23252:
23247:
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22763:
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22745:
22741:
22737:
22733:
22729:
22727:
22722:
22720:0-945612-36-2
22716:
22712:
22707:
22705:
22700:
22694:
22690:
22686:
22682:
22680:
22676:
22672:
22670:
22665:
22659:
22655:
22651:
22647:
22646:Beckert, Sven
22643:
22641:
22636:
22630:
22626:
22622:
22621:
22616:
22615:Beckert, Sven
22612:
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22496:
22493:
22489:
22486:
22483:
22478:
22473:
22471:
22466:
22464:1-56584-026-7
22460:
22456:
22451:
22449:
22444:
22442:1-56584-120-4
22438:
22434:
22433:
22428:
22424:
22420:
22416:
22414:
22409:
22407:0-300-09172-9
22403:
22399:
22395:
22391:
22387:
22386:
22380:
22378:
22377:0-19-506784-3
22374:
22370:
22366:
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22362:
22351:
22347:
22340:
22336:
22325:
22321:
22319:
22311:
22307:
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22297:
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22276:
22272:
22269:
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22213:
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22131:
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22120:
22116:
22115:0-345-46783-3
22112:
22108:
22104:
22102:
22094:
22090:
22088:
22080:
22076:
22069:
22065:
22063:
22059:
22055:
22047:
22043:
22040:
22038:
22034:
22030:
22028:
22020:
22016:
22013:
22006:
22002:
21999:
21998:
21987:
21975:
21971:
21970:
21965:
21964:
21958:
21955:
21952:
21948:
21947:
21937:
21933:
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21927:
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21921:
21917:
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21907:
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21897:
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21877:
21875:
21871:
21867:
21864:
21860:
21858:
21854:
21850:
21847:
21843:
21841:
21836:
21834:0-19-504583-1
21830:
21826:
21822:
21821:Nash, Gary B.
21818:
21816:
21811:
21809:0-393-31288-7
21805:
21801:
21797:
21793:
21790:
21786:
21784:
21780:
21776:
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21770:
21766:
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21761:
21757:
21753:
21751:
21747:
21743:
21741:
21737:
21733:
21731:
21726:
21724:0-8078-2501-8
21720:
21716:
21712:
21711:Holton, Woody
21708:
21706:
21701:
21699:0-8071-1035-3
21695:
21691:
21686:
21684:
21680:
21677:
21674:
21672:
21667:
21665:0-8153-0894-9
21661:
21657:
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21425:
21421:
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21407:
21403:
21399:
21398:Public Choice
21395:
21390:
21388:
21383:
21379:
21375:
21371:
21367:
21363:
21359:
21355:
21350:
21349:
21339:
21334:
21332:0-8195-6236-X
21328:
21324:
21319:
21316:
21312:
21311:Wilentz, Sean
21309:
21307:
21303:
21299:
21296:
21292:
21289:
21285:
21279:
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21274:
21268:
21264:
21262:0-8447-3649-X
21258:
21254:
21253:
21248:
21244:
21242:
21237:
21232:
21230:
21225:
21223:0-8027-1460-9
21219:
21215:
21210:
21207:
21203:
21200:
21199:
21188:
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21175:
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21099:
21095:
21091:
21087:
21083:
21079:
21075:
21071:
21067:
21063:
21061:
21057:(2): 413–449.
21056:
21052:
21048:
21044:
21037:
21035:
21030:
21026:
21023:
21021:
21016:
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20938:
20936:0-670-03367-7
20932:
20928:
20924:
20923:Yafa, Stephen
20920:
20917:
20914:
20913:Wright, W. D.
20911:
20909:
20904:
20899:
20897:
20892:
20890:0-8014-1089-4
20886:
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20761:
20759:0-15-182972-1
20755:
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20744:
20739:
20737:0-86078-515-7
20733:
20729:
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20715:
20714:0-393-31705-6
20711:
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20691:0-8078-4817-4
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20569:0-8090-1554-4
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20544:0-8212-0541-2
20540:
20536:
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20506:
20504:
20500:
20499:0-19-517903-X
20496:
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20488:
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20481:0-19-502745-0
20478:
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20471:
20468:
20466:
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20455:
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20443:
20439:
20435:
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20429:
20428:0-19-503157-1
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20411:
20407:
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20397:
20396:0-394-49131-9
20393:
20389:
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20360:0-691-04784-7
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20268:0-19-508449-7
20265:
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20240:
20236:
20231:
20229:
20224:
20218:
20214:
20209:
20207:
20202:
20200:0-375-40259-4
20196:
20192:
20188:
20187:Brown, Joshua
20184:
20180:
20178:
20173:
20171:0-393-31218-6
20167:
20163:
20159:
20154:
20152:
20148:
20145:
20142:
20140:
20135:
20133:0-8078-1438-5
20129:
20125:
20121:
20117:
20115:
20111:
20108:
20105:
20103:
20099:
20098:0-226-20477-4
20095:
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20077:
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20060:
20055:
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20026:
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20019:
20017:0-87722-218-5
20013:
20009:
20008:
20002:
20000:
19995:
19989:
19985:
19980:
19978:
19973:
19968:
19966:
19962:
19961:0-19-502563-6
19958:
19954:
19952:
19948:
19945:
19943:
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19935:
19931:
19928:
19925:
19923:
19918:
19916:0-86091-188-8
19912:
19908:
19903:
19901:
19896:
19890:
19886:
19882:
19878:
19876:
19871:
19869:0-8139-0969-4
19865:
19861:
19856:
19854:
19849:
19847:1-56584-028-3
19843:
19839:
19834:
19832:
19827:
19825:0-674-81092-9
19821:
19817:
19812:
19810:
19805:
19803:0-674-01061-2
19799:
19795:
19791:
19787:
19785:
19780:
19774:
19770:
19766:
19765:Beckert, Sven
19762:
19760:
19755:
19753:0-8078-1447-4
19749:
19745:
19741:
19740:Bateman, Fred
19737:
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19123:
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19111:
19107:
19103:
19099:
19092:
19083:
19077:(1988) p. 678
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18804:
18800:
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18795:Princeton, NJ
18792:
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18739:
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18717:
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18707:
18701:
18693:
18687:
18684:. p. 7.
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18420:Wright, Gavin
18415:
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18380:Wright, Gavin
18375:
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17784:Beckert, Sven
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16955:
16951:
16945:
16937:
16931:
16930:cite AV media
16915:
16914:
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16714:
16708:
16701:
16700:George Julian
16697:
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16449:
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16442:Torrey, Jesse
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15608:
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15568:
15563:
15562:Kenrick, John
15557:
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15419:
15413:
15409:
15403:
15395:
15389:
15385:
15378:
15370:
15364:
15360:
15353:
15351:
15342:
15336:
15332:
15325:
15317:
15313:
15308:
15303:
15298:
15293:
15289:
15285:
15281:
15273:
15265:
15261:
15256:
15251:
15246:
15241:
15237:
15233:
15229:
15222:
15214:
15210:
15205:
15200:
15196:
15192:
15188:
15184:
15183:Health Equity
15180:
15173:
15166:. p. 10.
15165:
15158:
15150:
15144:
15135:
15129:Moon, p. 234.
15126:
15124:
15122:
15113:
15107:
15103:
15102:
15094:
15079:. Daily Press
15078:
15071:
15055:
15049:
15034:
15030:
15023:
15015:
15011:
15007:
15003:
14999:
14995:
14991:
14987:
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14972:
14968:
14964:
14960:
14956:
14952:
14945:
14938:
14934:
14930:
14927:
14926:
14919:
14911:
14905:
14901:
14900:
14892:
14886:
14885:1-136-71610-6
14882:
14878:
14872:
14865:
14859:
14850:
14843:
14837:
14828:
14821:
14817:
14811:
14805:
14804:0-7432-8258-2
14801:
14797:
14793:
14788:
14779:
14771:
14765:
14761:
14760:
14752:
14750:
14742:
14736:
14727:
14719:
14718:
14713:
14706:
14698:
14694:
14690:
14689:
14681:
14673:
14662:
14658:
14655:. p. 4.
14654:
14650:
14643:
14628:
14624:
14618:
14610:
14606:
14602:
14598:
14594:
14588:
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14472:
14466:
14459:
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14326:
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14301:
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14260:
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14214:
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14175:
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14132:
14128:
14127:
14121:
14113:
14098:
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14090:
14083:
14075:
14071:
14067:
14066:
14061:
14055:
14047:
14043:
14039:
14035:
14032:
14025:
14023:
14014:
14008:
14005:. p. 2.
14004:
14000:
13993:
13978:
13977:
13969:
13962:
13954:
13948:
13944:
13937:
13929:
13923:
13919:
13912:
13904:
13898:
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13869:
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13863:
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13850:
13846:
13842:
13838:
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13779:
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13764:
13757:
13751:
13743:
13739:
13735:
13728:
13720:
13714:
13710:
13705:
13704:
13695:
13687:
13686:
13678:
13670:
13664:
13660:
13659:
13651:
13643:
13637:
13633:
13632:
13624:
13616:
13610:
13606:
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13597:
13589:
13583:
13579:
13578:
13570:
13562:
13556:
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13543:
13535:
13529:
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13524:
13516:
13500:
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13465:
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13439:
13428:
13422:
13418:
13413:
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13360:
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13340:
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13320:
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13301:
13297:
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13265:
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13253:
13246:
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13234:
13229:
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13219:
13212:
13205:
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13161:
13154:
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13142:
13138:
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13118:
13111:
13096:
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13085:
13078:
13072:
13065:
13059:
13052:
13046:
13038:
13034:
13030:
13026:
13022:
13018:
13014:
13010:
13006:
12999:
12991:
12984:
12982:
12980:
12978:
12969:
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12959:
12943:
12942:
12937:
12931:
12916:
12912:
12905:
12897:
12891:
12886:
12885:
12876:
12861:
12857:
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12849:
12843:
12836:
12830:
12826:
12822:
12821:
12816:
12810:
12802:
12798:
12794:
12790:
12786:
12782:
12778:
12774:
12773:
12765:
12757:
12751:
12747:
12743:
12742:
12737:
12733:
12732:Schama, Simon
12727:
12725:
12723:
12715:
12709:
12701:
12697:
12691:
12676:
12672:
12666:
12658:
12652:
12636:
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12626:
12618:
12614:
12610:
12606:
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12598:
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12583:
12579:
12575:
12571:
12567:
12563:
12556:
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12529:
12520:
12516:
12512:
12505:
12489:
12485:
12481:
12475:
12473:
12464:
12460:
12456:
12452:
12448:
12444:
12440:
12433:
12425:
12421:
12417:
12413:
12409:
12405:
12398:
12391:
12385:
12370:
12369:nydivided.org
12366:
12360:
12353:
12349:
12346:
12341:
12334:
12328:
12321:
12315:
12308:
12304:
12300:
12294:
12279:
12275:
12269:
12262:
12261:0-684-81363-7
12258:
12254:
12248:
12241:
12235:
12219:
12213:
12211:
12203:
12197:
12195:
12186:
12180:
12176:
12172:
12165:
12157:
12156:
12151:
12145:
12137:
12130:
12123:
12116:
12110:
12102:
12096:
12092:
12091:
12083:
12076:
12070:
12063:. p. iv.
12062:
12058:
12054:
12053:
12045:
12037:
12033:
12029:
12025:
12024:
12016:
12008:
12004:
12003:
11998:
11994:
11988:
11980:
11979:
11974:
11968:
11960:
11956:
11952:
11948:
11947:
11942:
11935:
11927:
11921:
11917:
11910:
11902:
11898:
11896:
11892:
11887:
11881:
11866:
11862:
11861:
11856:
11852:
11846:
11830:
11826:
11822:
11816:
11808:
11804:
11797:
11790:
11784:
11782:
11766:
11765:
11760:
11756:
11750:
11748:
11732:
11731:
11726:
11722:
11716:
11714:
11712:
11703:
11697:
11693:
11689:
11688:
11680:
11672:
11668:
11664:
11660:
11656:
11652:
11648:
11644:
11639:
11635:(Fall 2013).
11634:
11628:
11620:
11619:
11614:
11610:
11604:
11596:
11590:
11586:
11579:
11570:
11555:
11551:
11544:
11529:
11525:
11518:
11510:
11504:
11501:p. 173.
11500:
11496:
11495:
11494:Robert E. Lee
11490:
11484:
11469:
11465:
11458:
11450:
11444:
11440:
11433:
11418:
11414:
11407:
11396:
11389:
11374:
11370:
11369:"Paternalism"
11363:
11349:
11343:
11339:
11335:
11331:
11327:
11320:
11312:
11308:
11304:
11300:
11296:
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11167:
11163:
11156:
11149:
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11138:
11133:
11131:
11129:
11107:
11100:
11094:
11079:
11075:
11069:
11061:
11057:
11053:
11049:
11045:
11041:
11034:
11027:
11021:
11013:
11009:
11005:
11001:
10997:
10993:
10986:
10979:
10978:Public Choice
10973:
10967:
10963:
10959:
10953:
10946:
10942:
10938:
10932:
10925:
10924:0-684-81363-7
10921:
10917:
10911:
10909:
10901:
10897:
10893:
10887:
10885:
10883:
10875:
10871:
10867:
10861:
10859:
10857:
10840:
10833:
10825:
10821:
10814:
10798:
10794:
10788:
10772:
10768:
10762:
10755:. p. 72.
10754:
10747:
10739:
10738:
10730:
10723:
10717:
10709:
10703:
10699:
10692:
10684:
10678:
10674:
10673:
10665:
10657:
10650:
10635:
10631:
10625:
10623:
10621:
10619:
10617:
10608:
10602:
10598:
10597:
10589:
10581:
10574:
10558:
10551:
10543:
10537:
10533:
10532:
10524:
10516:
10510:
10502:
10496:
10481:
10477:
10471:
10464:
10458:
10451:
10447:
10443:
10437:
10430:
10426:
10422:
10416:
10401:
10397:
10391:
10385:
10384:1-4157-0217-9
10381:
10378:
10374:
10370:
10365:
10357:
10350:
10342:
10336:
10332:
10328:
10321:
10314:
10310:
10306:
10300:
10298:
10290:
10289:0-679-40493-7
10286:
10282:
10276:
10269:
10268:0-679-73623-9
10265:
10261:
10255:
10248:
10247:Mackaman, Tom
10243:
10236:
10232:
10228:
10222:
10213:
10206:
10200:
10184:
10180:
10174:
10170:
10169:
10161:
10153:
10149:
10145:
10138:
10123:
10119:
10112:
10097:
10093:
10087:
10080:
10076:
10072:
10069:
10064:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10044:
10037:
10033:
10028:
10013:
10009:
10003:
9996:
9994:
9989:
9985:
9979:
9972:
9968:
9965:
9960:
9952:
9946:
9942:
9941:
9933:
9918:
9917:
9912:
9905:
9898:
9893:
9885:
9879:
9875:
9868:
9860:
9854:
9850:
9849:
9841:
9839:
9830:
9823:
9815:
9811:
9807:
9800:
9792:
9790:0-19-502771-X
9786:
9782:
9778:
9771:
9767:
9750:
9741:
9737:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9707:
9704:
9702:
9699:
9698:
9689:
9686:
9684:
9681:
9679:
9676:
9674:
9673:
9669:
9665:
9662:
9661:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9650:
9647:
9645:
9642:
9640:
9637:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9610:
9605:
9594:
9591:
9580:
9577:
9571:
9566:
9557:, April 1934)
9556:
9552:
9547:
9542:
9536:
9521:
9518:
9515:
9514:
9510:
9507:
9504:
9503:
9499:
9496:
9493:
9492:
9488:
9485:
9482:
9481:
9477:
9474:
9471:
9470:
9466:
9463:
9460:
9459:
9453:
9450:
9446:
9442:
9437:
9433:
9431:slaveholders.
9429:
9428:named persons
9425:
9424:
9419:
9405:
9402:
9399:
9396:
9393:
9390:
9387:
9384:
9380:
9376:
9373:
9370:
9367:
9364:
9361:
9358:
9355:
9352:
9351:
9347:
9344:
9341:
9338:
9335:
9332:
9329:
9326:
9322:
9318:
9315:
9312:
9309:
9306:
9303:
9300:
9297:
9293:
9289:
9286:
9283:
9280:
9277:
9274:
9271:
9268:
9264:
9260:
9257:
9254:
9251:
9248:
9245:
9242:
9239:
9235:
9231:
9228:
9225:
9222:
9219:
9216:
9213:
9210:
9206:
9202:
9199:
9196:
9193:
9190:
9187:
9184:
9181:
9177:
9173:
9170:
9167:
9164:
9161:
9158:
9155:
9152:
9148:
9144:
9141:
9138:
9135:
9132:
9129:
9126:
9123:
9119:
9115:
9112:
9109:
9106:
9103:
9100:
9097:
9094:
9090:
9086:
9083:
9080:
9077:
9074:
9071:
9068:
9065:
9061:
9057:
9054:
9051:
9048:
9045:
9042:
9039:
9036:
9032:
9028:
9025:
9022:
9019:
9016:
9013:
9010:
9007:
9003:
8999:
8996:
8993:
8990:
8987:
8984:
8981:
8978:
8974:
8970:
8967:
8964:
8961:
8958:
8955:
8952:
8949:
8947:New Hampshire
8945:
8941:
8938:
8935:
8932:
8929:
8926:
8923:
8920:
8916:
8912:
8909:
8906:
8903:
8900:
8897:
8894:
8891:
8887:
8883:
8880:
8877:
8874:
8871:
8868:
8865:
8862:
8858:
8854:
8851:
8848:
8845:
8842:
8839:
8836:
8833:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8819:
8816:
8813:
8810:
8807:
8804:
8800:
8796:
8793:
8790:
8787:
8784:
8781:
8778:
8775:
8771:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8752:
8749:
8746:
8744:Massachusetts
8742:
8738:
8735:
8732:
8729:
8726:
8723:
8720:
8717:
8713:
8709:
8706:
8703:
8700:
8697:
8694:
8691:
8688:
8684:
8680:
8677:
8674:
8671:
8668:
8665:
8662:
8659:
8655:
8651:
8648:
8645:
8642:
8639:
8636:
8633:
8630:
8626:
8622:
8619:
8616:
8613:
8610:
8607:
8604:
8601:
8597:
8593:
8590:
8587:
8584:
8581:
8578:
8575:
8572:
8568:
8564:
8561:
8558:
8555:
8552:
8549:
8546:
8543:
8539:
8535:
8532:
8529:
8526:
8523:
8520:
8517:
8514:
8510:
8506:
8503:
8500:
8497:
8494:
8491:
8488:
8485:
8481:
8477:
8474:
8471:
8468:
8465:
8462:
8459:
8456:
8452:
8448:
8445:
8442:
8439:
8436:
8433:
8430:
8427:
8423:
8419:
8416:
8413:
8410:
8407:
8404:
8401:
8398:
8394:
8390:
8387:
8384:
8381:
8378:
8375:
8372:
8369:
8365:
8361:
8358:
8355:
8352:
8349:
8346:
8343:
8340:
8336:
8332:
8329:
8326:
8323:
8320:
8317:
8314:
8311:
8307:
8303:
8300:
8297:
8294:
8291:
8288:
8285:
8282:
8278:
8274:
8271:
8268:
8265:
8262:
8259:
8256:
8253:
8249:
8245:
8242:
8239:
8236:
8233:
8230:
8227:
8224:
8219:
8218:
8215:
8206:
8189:
8183:
8179:
8176:
8173:
8170:
8167:
8164:
8161:
8160:
8156:
8153:
8150:
8147:
8144:
8141:
8138:
8137:
8133:
8130:
8127:
8124:
8121:
8118:
8115:
8114:
8110:
8107:
8104:
8101:
8098:
8095:
8092:
8091:
8087:
8084:
8081:
8078:
8075:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8064:
8061:
8058:
8055:
8052:
8049:
8046:
8045:
8041:
8038:
8035:
8032:
8029:
8026:
8023:
8022:
8018:
8015:
8012:
8009:
8006:
8003:
8000:
7999:
7995:
7992:
7989:
7986:
7983:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7947:
7942:
7941:
7935:
7931:
7927:
7909:
7905:
7900:
7897:
7896:
7888:
7884:
7880:
7876:
7872:
7867:
7864:
7863:
7855:
7851:
7846:
7843:
7842:
7834:
7830:
7825:
7822:
7821:
7813:
7809:
7805:
7800:
7797:
7796:
7788:
7784:
7779:
7776:
7775:
7767:
7763:
7759:
7755:
7751:
7746:
7743:
7742:
7734:
7730:
7726:
7721:
7718:
7717:
7711:
7704:
7703:
7699:
7684:
7681:
7680:
7676:
7673:
7672:
7668:
7665:
7664:
7660:
7657:
7656:
7652:
7649:
7648:
7644:
7641:
7640:
7636:
7633:
7632:
7628:
7625:
7624:
7620:
7617:
7616:
7601:
7589:
7585:
7581:
7573:, Pittsburgh)
7572:
7568:
7564:
7550:
7545:
7535:
7528:
7523:
7511:
7510:
7497:
7493:
7488:
7467:
7455:
7451:
7446:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7421:
7411:
7398:
7397:
7391:
7378:
7374:
7362:
7355:
7351:
7347:
7342:
7338:
7337:Convict lease
7325:
7321:
7317:
7313:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7295:
7289:
7285:
7272:
7268:
7264:
7259:
7167:
7158:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7137:
7133:
7129:
7123:
7110:
7107:) during the
7106:
7102:
7098:
7094:
7089:
7080:
7079:
7074:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7047:
7043:
7038:
7034:
7028:
7024:
7020:
7016:
7003:
6999:
6995:
6994:Robert Toombs
6991:
6987:
6983:
6982:John B. Floyd
6979:
6975:
6971:
6967:
6963:
6962:Henry A. Wise
6959:
6954:
6947:
6943:
6939:
6938:
6932:
6921:
6916:
6914:
6909:
6907:
6902:
6901:
6899:
6898:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6880:
6876:
6875:
6869:
6868:
6861:
6860:
6856:
6854:
6853:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6841:
6837:
6835:
6833:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6815:
6809:
6808:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6790:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6778:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6745:
6744:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6623:
6617:
6616:
6609:
6608:Panic of 1857
6606:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6585:
6579:
6566:
6555:
6554:
6549:
6542:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6524:
6518:
6514:
6501:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6484:Freedom suits
6481:
6466:
6462:
6456:
6443:
6439:
6438:
6433:
6429:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6388:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6360:
6355:
6351:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6336:Slave catcher
6331:
6315:
6311:
6305:
6301:
6297:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6271:
6267:
6266:Shadow family
6263:
6259:
6241:
6238:(Eyre Crowe,
6237:
6233:
6229:
6225:
6220:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6198:
6194:
6193:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6172:
6167:
6163:
6159:
6155:
6149:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6115:2011.155.305)
6114:
6110:
6105:
6096:
6091:
6090:Ashley's Sack
6087:
6079:
6073:
6069:
6063:
6056:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6040:
6034:
6030:
6026:
6020:
6005:
6004:The Liberator
6001:
5996:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5956:
5943:
5939:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5920:
5919:
5913:
5908:
5904:
5893:
5882:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5856:
5844:
5839:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5795:
5794:Denmark Vesey
5792:
5789:
5788:George Boxley
5786:
5783:
5780:
5777:
5776:Chatham Manor
5774:
5771:
5768:
5765:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5737:
5732:
5726:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5700:
5687:
5683:
5682:
5676:
5669:
5665:
5661:
5657:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5622:
5621:
5615:
5608:
5605:Map of known
5603:
5596:
5595:
5589:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5565:
5558:
5554:
5553:Samuel Sewall
5551:Abolitionist
5549:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5529:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5514:Lucretia Mott
5511:
5510:Robert Purvis
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5483:
5479:
5474:
5466:
5462:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5436:
5423:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5383:Golden Circle
5379:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5345:
5341:
5336:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5314:
5308:
5302:
5280:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5260:
5259:Planter class
5256:
5252:
5248:
5244:
5240:
5234:
5230:
5214:
5206:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5173:
5169:
5154:
5150:
5146:
5145:
5140:
5139:John Trumbull
5136:
5131:
5127:
5121:
5109:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5090:
5085:
5079:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5023:
5019:
5006:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4991:Black Patriot
4979:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4950:
4946:
4932:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4878:
4874:
4857:
4852:
4850:
4845:
4843:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4768:
4767:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4673:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4630:
4626:
4625:
4617:
4616:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4585:Neighborhoods
4583:
4582:
4575:
4574:
4566:
4563:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4541:
4540:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4521:Black Indians
4519:
4518:
4511:
4510:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4466:
4465:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4391:
4390:
4381:
4380:Red handprint
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4318:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4040:
4039:Seminole Wars
4037:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3997:Pontiac's War
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3982:Tuscarora War
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3915:Neighborhoods
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3850:Adena culture
3848:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3780:Jim Crow laws
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3670:Classic stage
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3650:Paleo-Indians
3648:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3602:
3597:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3539:
3538:Minstrel show
3536:
3534:
3533:Magical Negro
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3450:
3449:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3344:
3343:West Virginia
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3279:
3278:San Francisco
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3258:New York City
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2950:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2909:Nova Scotians
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2812:Black Indians
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:HBCU (HBCUAC)
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2715:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2651:Organizations
2650:
2649:
2641:
2640:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2520:Organizations
2519:
2518:
2510:
2509:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Neighborhoods
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
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787:Slave raiding
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571:Abbasid harem
569:
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514:Barbary Coast
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230:
229:
226:
222:
219:
218:
214:
210:
209:
201:
200:slave auction
197:
196:Paul Jennings
193:
189:
185:
184:
178:
175:
171:
167:
163:
153:
144:
133:
124:
113:
104:
93:
84:
73:
64:
54:
47:
46:
38:
34:
30:
19:
31846:Bibliography
31829:Other topics
31771:By ethnicity
31739:
31692:Trent Affair
31591:Signal Corps
31448:
31171:White League
31058:Ku Klux Klan
30971:Confederados
30898:Constitution
30770:D. D. Porter
30623:Breckinridge
30334:Rhode Island
30329:Pennsylvania
30084:Spotsylvania
30044:Stones River
30024:2nd Bull Run
29974:1st Bull Run
29860:Stones River
29761:Marine Corps
29728:Marine Corps
29567:Abolitionism
29554:
29544:
29507:
29484:
29204:Slave trade
29178:Field slaves
29167:
29025:
28870:
28859:Bunce Island
28720:Demographics
28701:Igbo Landing
28532:Black church
28492:
28485:
28479:Publications
28466:
28458:
28450:
28442:
28434:
28426:
28249:Sportspeople
28219:Billionaires
28136:Sierra Leone
28039:Philadelphia
27875:Jacksonville
27702:Demographics
27534:Jack Johnson
27524:Muhammad Ali
27357:Conservatism
27292:Black church
27189:Andrew Young
27174:Ida B. Wells
27164:David Walker
27159:C. T. Vivian
27114:Paul Robeson
27109:Hiram Revels
27089:Colin Powell
27069:Barack Obama
27024:James Lawson
26979:Jimi Hendrix
26949:James Farmer
26944:Medgar Evers
26914:Ralph Bunche
26864:Maya Angelou
26838:Middle class
26716:Afrofuturism
26675:
26642:
26630:
26623:
26544:
26489:
26436:
26402:Afrocentrism
26392:Abolitionism
26325:
26317:
26309:
26301:
26293:
26285:
26277:
26257:
26203:
26195:
26176:
26170:The Octoroon
26168:
26160:
26141:
26115:
26107:
26099:
26080:
26072:
26064:
26056:
26048:
26040:
26032:
26024:
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26008:
26000:
25992:
25984:
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25960:
25952:
25944:
25922:
25914:
25906:
25898:
25890:
25882:
25861:
25853:
25845:
25837:
25829:
25821:
25813:
25805:
25797:
25789:
25781:
25773:
25765:
25757:
25749:
25563:Thomas James
25512:Moses Grandy
25507:David George
25466:Lucy Delaney
25440:Peter Bruner
25379:Sam Aleckson
25259:Roustam Raza
25170:Joseph Pitts
25092:Robert Adams
25076:by continent
25008:
24992:
24984:
24976:
24968:
24960:
24952:
24944:
24936:
24928:
24894:
24870:
24816:publications
24801:Abolitionism
24767:Tilly Escape
24746:
24732:
24727:Jerry Rescue
24700:
24599:Gerrit Smith
24559:David Hudson
24334:
24220:
24213:
24082:Field slaves
24045:Abolitionism
23979:Cultural and
23970:Bibliography
23901:
23805:South Dakota
23795:Rhode Island
23790:Pennsylvania
23770:North Dakota
23590:
23528:
23504:
23494:
23415:. Retrieved
23411:
23385:
23367:
23348:
23344:
23339:
23307:
23286:
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23236:
23205:
23180:
23169:
23151:Mentor Books
23146:
23123:
23099:
23082:
23057:
23039:
23033:
23012:
23006:
22988:
22964:
22958:
22944:
22933:. Retrieved
22928:
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22901:
22891:
22872:
22850:
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22815:
22805:
22792:
22771:
22757:
22735:
22732:Forret, Jeff
22710:
22688:
22674:
22649:
22619:
22589:
22578:
22562:
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22126:
22106:
22092:
22078:
22067:
22053:
22045:
22032:
22018:
22004:
21985:
21978:. Retrieved
21974:the original
21967:
21962:
21950:
21931:
21919:
21909:
21899:
21889:
21879:
21869:
21862:
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21401:
21397:
21357:
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21322:
21314:
21301:
21294:
21291:Oakes, James
21272:
21251:
21235:
21213:
21205:
21180:
21177:Hahn, Steven
21140:
21113:
21109:
21073:
21069:
21054:
21050:
21038:Vol. 34, No.
21032:
21029:Temin, Peter
20998:
20994:
20966:
20962:
20942:
20926:
20915:
20902:
20879:
20867:
20853:
20839:
20829:
20820:
20809:
20805:
20797:
20787:
20780:
20773:
20749:
20727:
20705:
20702:Oakes, James
20681:
20667:
20655:
20645:
20623:
20604:
20593:
20582:
20559:
20534:
20512:
20490:
20472:
20449:
20437:
20419:
20405:
20387:
20374:
20371:Gallay, Alan
20350:
20328:
20306:
20281:
20259:
20234:
20212:
20190:
20161:
20146:
20123:
20109:
20089:
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20053:
20038:
20028:
20006:
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19929:
19906:
19884:
19859:
19837:
19815:
19793:
19768:
19743:
19718:
19703:
19700:Arthur, John
19688:
19676:
19654:Bibliography
19642:
19621:
19612:
19579:
19575:
19516:
19510:
19495:
19476:
19462:
19455:
19447:
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19409:
19389:
19375:
19367:1877/etd1909
19357:
19350:
19330:
19305:
19295:December 29,
19293:. Retrieved
19289:
19279:
19270:
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19237:
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18907:
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18855:
18831:. New York:
18827:
18817:
18790:
18776:
18752:. New York:
18748:
18738:
18714:. New York:
18710:
18700:
18680:. New York:
18677:
18668:
18658:. New York:
18655:
18646:
18619:
18613:
18589:
18562:
18545:
18528:
18522:
18505:
18492:
18474:Bantam Books
18470:Reeve, Henry
18464:
18450:
18430:. New York:
18425:
18414:
18389:
18383:
18374:
18355:
18349:
18332:
18328:
18315:
18306:
18297:
18274:. Retrieved
18262:
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18227:
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18168:
18156:. Retrieved
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18098:. Retrieved
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17878:
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17788:
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17744:
17701:
17695:
17679:
17671:the original
17666:
17657:
17633:. New York:
17629:
17619:
17594:
17588:
17582:
17539:
17533:
17490:. New York:
17486:
17448:
17442:
17436:
17403:
17397:
17388:
17355:
17349:
17325:. Retrieved
17321:
17312:
17285:
17281:
17271:
17241:(1): 19–45.
17238:
17234:
17224:
17181:
17177:
17159:
17153:
17133:
17126:
17117:
17108:
17099:
17087:. Retrieved
17075:
17065:
17053:. Retrieved
17048:
17039:
17009:(1): 42–75.
17006:
17002:
16992:
16984:
16979:
16971:
16967:
16962:
16953:
16944:
16918:. Retrieved
16912:
16906:
16894:. Retrieved
16890:the original
16885:
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16856:
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16597:
16589:
16588:Larry Gara,
16584:
16576:
16571:
16551:
16541:
16533:
16528:
16516:. Retrieved
16512:
16503:
16493:
16487:
16475:. Retrieved
16470:
16461:
16446:
16436:
16430:p. 136.
16422:
16418:Jay, William
16412:
16403:
16394:
16385:
16380:
16368:. Retrieved
16358:
16351:
16344:Christianity
16343:
16338:
16326:. Retrieved
16312:
16292:
16285:
16266:
16240:
16235:
16216:
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16191:
16181:
16169:. Retrieved
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15978:
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15915:. Retrieved
15909:
15899:
15887:. Retrieved
15873:
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15852:
15833:
15827:
15812:
15797:
15788:
15782:
15763:
15757:
15739:W. W. Norton
15734:
15728:
15720:
15715:
15696:
15675:. Retrieved
15658:(1): 13–38.
15655:
15649:
15617:
15590:. Retrieved
15586:
15576:
15566:
15556:
15538:
15534:Rankin, John
15528:
15509:
15503:
15491:. Retrieved
15487:
15477:
15465:. Retrieved
15461:
15452:
15440:. Retrieved
15425:
15418:
15407:
15402:
15383:
15377:
15358:
15330:
15324:
15287:
15283:
15272:
15238:(1): 37–53.
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15100:
15093:
15081:. Retrieved
15070:
15058:. Retrieved
15048:
15036:. Retrieved
15032:
15022:
14989:
14985:
14979:
14957:(1): 10–20.
14954:
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14936:
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14898:
14891:
14876:
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14778:
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14740:
14735:
14726:
14715:
14705:
14687:
14680:
14670:– via
14664:. Retrieved
14652:
14642:
14632:December 29,
14630:. Retrieved
14626:
14617:
14582:
14573:
14532:
14528:
14519:
14501:
14484:Soul by Soul
14483:
14478:
14470:
14465:
14457:
14452:
14444:
14439:
14431:
14426:
14417:
14409:
14404:
14379:
14371:
14359:
14354:
14346:
14341:
14329:. Retrieved
14325:the original
14315:
14305:December 29,
14303:. Retrieved
14299:
14290:
14270:
14248:
14243:
14213:
14205:
14201:
14186:
14174:
14159:
14147:
14137:February 15,
14135:. Retrieved
14124:
14112:
14102:February 28,
14100:. Retrieved
14092:
14082:
14063:
14060:"(Untitled)"
14054:
14034:
14030:
13998:
13992:
13982:February 13,
13980:. Retrieved
13974:
13961:
13942:
13936:
13917:
13911:
13891:
13884:
13872:. Retrieved
13865:
13856:
13841:Sierra Leone
13832:the original
13822:
13812:February 14,
13810:. Retrieved
13806:
13796:
13771:
13763:
13755:
13750:
13733:
13727:
13702:
13694:
13684:
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13630:
13623:
13603:
13596:
13576:
13569:
13549:
13542:
13522:
13515:
13503:. Retrieved
13499:the original
13494:
13490:
13480:
13468:. Retrieved
13464:the original
13459:
13455:
13445:
13437:
13430:. Retrieved
13410:
13402:
13379:
13373:
13347:. Retrieved
13342:
13314:
13308:
13291:
13285:
13278:
13251:
13231:
13217:
13211:
13202:
13195:. Retrieved
13191:
13181:
13173:
13159:
13153:
13123:(1): 66–90.
13120:
13116:
13110:
13098:. Retrieved
13094:
13084:
13076:
13071:
13063:
13058:
13050:
13045:
13012:
13008:
12998:
12989:
12967:
12958:
12946:. Retrieved
12939:
12930:
12918:. Retrieved
12914:
12904:
12883:
12875:
12863:. Retrieved
12855:
12842:
12819:
12809:
12776:
12770:
12764:
12740:
12713:
12708:
12700:the original
12690:
12678:. Retrieved
12674:
12665:
12639:. Retrieved
12634:
12625:
12603:(1): 60–64.
12600:
12596:
12590:
12565:
12561:
12555:
12536:
12510:
12504:
12492:. Retrieved
12488:the original
12446:
12442:
12432:
12407:
12403:
12397:
12389:
12384:
12374:December 29,
12372:. Retrieved
12368:
12359:
12351:
12347:
12340:
12332:
12327:
12319:
12314:
12298:
12293:
12283:November 10,
12281:. Retrieved
12277:
12268:
12252:
12247:
12239:
12234:
12222:. Retrieved
12201:
12174:
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12154:
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12122:
12114:
12109:
12089:
12082:
12074:
12069:
12051:
12044:
12027:
12021:
12015:
12006:
12000:
11987:
11981:. p. 2.
11977:
11967:
11950:
11944:
11940:
11934:
11915:
11909:
11889:
11880:
11870:November 16,
11868:. Retrieved
11864:
11858:
11845:
11833:. Retrieved
11828:
11823:(May 1851).
11815:
11802:
11796:
11788:
11770:December 10,
11768:. Retrieved
11762:
11736:December 10,
11734:. Retrieved
11728:
11686:
11679:
11646:
11642:
11627:
11617:
11603:
11584:
11578:
11569:
11557:. Retrieved
11553:
11543:
11531:. Retrieved
11528:The Enquirer
11527:
11517:
11493:
11483:
11471:. Retrieved
11467:
11457:
11438:
11432:
11420:. Retrieved
11416:
11406:
11393:Cole, Josh.
11388:
11376:. Retrieved
11372:
11362:
11351:, retrieved
11329:
11319:
11284:
11275:
11267:
11216:
11212:
11202:
11169:
11165:
11155:
11147:
11114:2 of Article
11106:
11098:
11093:
11083:February 19,
11081:. Retrieved
11077:
11068:
11043:
11039:
11033:
11025:
11020:
10995:
10991:
10985:
10977:
10972:
10957:
10952:
10936:
10931:
10915:
10891:
10865:
10843:. Retrieved
10832:
10823:
10819:
10813:
10803:December 29,
10801:. Retrieved
10796:
10787:
10777:December 29,
10775:. Retrieved
10770:
10761:
10752:
10746:
10736:
10729:
10721:
10716:
10697:
10691:
10671:
10664:
10655:
10649:
10637:. Retrieved
10633:
10595:
10588:
10579:
10573:
10561:. Retrieved
10550:
10530:
10523:
10509:
10495:
10485:December 29,
10483:. Retrieved
10479:
10470:
10457:
10441:
10436:
10420:
10415:
10405:December 29,
10403:. Retrieved
10399:
10390:
10372:
10364:
10355:
10349:
10330:
10320:
10304:
10280:
10275:
10259:
10254:
10242:
10226:
10221:
10212:
10204:
10199:
10187:. Retrieved
10167:
10160:
10143:
10137:
10125:. Retrieved
10121:
10111:
10101:December 29,
10099:. Retrieved
10095:
10086:
10078:
10063:
10048:
10047:Ira Berlin,
10043:
10035:
10027:
10015:. Retrieved
10011:
10002:
9991:
9978:
9959:
9939:
9932:
9920:. Retrieved
9914:
9904:
9892:
9873:
9867:
9847:
9822:
9813:
9809:
9799:
9776:
9770:
9749:
9740:
9670:
9150:Rhode Island
9121:Pennsylvania
8213:
8191:. Retrieved
7929:
7778:Sierra Leone
7567:Slave Market
7566:
7548:
7507:
7491:
7394:
7320:Hiram Revels
7266:
7150:
7076:
6986:John Slidell
6937:Join, or Die
6935:
6877:
6857:
6850:
6838:
6831:
6822:
6787:
6775:
6768:
6551:
6497:
6436:
6423:Praise house
6363:
6340:Slave patrol
6309:
6283:Henry Mosler
6278:
6208:Wilson Chinn
6190:
6051:
6003:
5999:
5941:
5936:lithograph,
5925:
5916:
5867:
5864:Patty Cannon
5812:
5770:Igbo Landing
5739:
5711:
5679:
5618:
5592:
5537:Rufus Putnam
5401:
5363:
5276:
5212:
5142:
5093:
5064:
4967:
4595:Reservations
4578:Demographics
4406:Christianity
4220: /
4216: /
4200: /
4196: /
4192: /
4188: /
4184: /
4180: /
4176: /
4172: /
4156: /
4152: /
4148: /
4144: /
4140: /
4136: /
4132: /
4128: /
4114: /
4110: /
4106: /
4102: /
4098: /
4094: /
4078: /
4074: /
4070: /
4066: /
4062: /
4041: /
3992:Dummer's War
3709:
3655:Lithic stage
3436:Sierra Leone
3268:Philadelphia
3238:Jacksonville
2834:Brass Ankles
2587:Conservatism
2562:Afrocentrism
2534:Joint Center
2425:Black church
2416:Institutions
2331:Billionaires
2321:Middle class
2274:Celebrations
2237:Fraternities
2004:
1838:Slave patrol
1762:Forced labor
1675:Freedom suit
1651:Sierra Leone
1641:Colonization
1557:Abolitionism
1537:Baháʼí Faith
1510:Christianity
1460:Saudi Arabia
1281:Blackbirding
1187:Debt bondage
1175:penal system
1016:prison labor
1001:Contemporary
991:Field slaves
985:
979:U.S. Natives
938:South Africa
809:Galley slave
782:Slave market
772:House slaves
755:Corvée labor
745:Blackbirding
723:Conscription
647:21st century
610:Umm al-walad
454:Muslim world
423:Emancipation
327:Wage slavery
285:Wife selling
275:Bride buying
260:Conscription
243:Contemporary
221:Forced labor
188:Delia Garlic
182:
44:
31652:Copperheads
31364:Confederate
31256:Black Codes
30582:E. K. Smith
30463:Confederate
30410:New Orleans
30405:Chattanooga
30269:Mississippi
30169:Connecticut
30137:territories
30128:Involvement
30089:Cold Harbor
30079:Fort Pillow
30069:Chattanooga
30064:Chickamauga
30014:Seven Pines
30004:New Orleans
29969:Fort Sumter
29910:Valley 1864
29743:Confederacy
29540:Slave Power
29520:Fire-Eaters
29301:Mississippi
29239:Other labor
29183:House negro
29125:King Cotton
28758:Hog Hammock
28628:Ranky Tanky
28562:Goofer dust
28471:(1994–2000)
28269:US senators
28239:Republicans
28224:Journalists
28081:San Antonio
28046:Puerto Rico
27987:Mississippi
27880:Tallahassee
27853:Los Angeles
27544:Jesse Owens
27529:Arthur Ashe
27387:Nationalism
27377:Raised fist
27340:Black power
27245:in medicine
27179:Roy Wilkins
27134:Emmett Till
27119:Al Sharpton
26884:Julian Bond
26879:James Bevel
26843:Upper class
26833:Stereotypes
26726:Black mecca
26638:Plantations
26417:Black Codes
25939: 1861
25932: 1853
25636:Moses Roper
25620:John Parker
25606:(1790–1880)
25584:Boston King
25575:(1799–1874)
25404:Polly Berry
25347:Mary Prince
25261:(1783–1845)
25255:(1684-1777)
25237:(1698–1733)
25220:(1684–1736)
25203:(1644–1744)
25197:(1660–1736)
25191:(1632–1702)
25185:(1598–1682)
25177: 1735
25160:(1708–1754)
25152:Mende Nazer
25142:(1735–1785)
25130:(1564–1639)
25124:(1767–1843)
25118:(1747–1815)
25112:(1620–1702)
25104:Francis Bok
25100:(1714-1761)
25098:Marcus Berg
25094:(c. 1790–?)
25074:Individuals
24989:(2019 film)
24978:Underground
24973:(2016 film)
24957:(1992 film)
24933:(1932 book)
24874:(1872 book)
24853:lawn jockey
24755:Dover Eight
24751:(1856 book)
24737:(1852 book)
24589:John Rankin
24569:Peg Leg Joe
24519:Levi Coffin
24199:Fire-Eaters
24092:Task system
24087:Gang system
24077:Plantations
23880:Puerto Rico
23873:Territories
23720:Mississippi
23635:Connecticut
23372:Baton Rouge
23015:: 119–140.
22594:Basic Books
22419:Berlin, Ira
22025:1251–1268.
22015:Berlin, Ira
21980:October 28,
21481:(4): 14–18.
21202:Foner, Eric
20404:—— (1967).
20291:06-011343-X
20183:Foner, Eric
19790:Berlin, Ira
19205:(1): 5–32.
18881:: 511–536.
18835:. pp.
18716:Basic Books
17760:Basic Books
17494:. pp.
16757:, page 106.
16694:McPherson,
16453:J M Cobbett
16171:October 12,
16060:Foner, Eric
15981:(2): 1–23.
15442:October 15,
15083:October 16,
15060:October 16,
15038:October 16,
14224:Mississippi
12944:. 1839–1840
12909:J.B. Bird.
12865:October 11,
12449:(2): 1–29.
12224:February 8,
12057:Isaac Knapp
12009:(2): 51–53.
11975:(c. 1900).
11473:October 24,
11422:October 24,
10916:John Adams,
10563:October 18,
9922:January 11,
9551:Girod House
8831:Mississippi
8367:Connecticut
7618:Time period
7496:Congo River
7474: 1908
7369: 1900
7322:, who took
7263:Thomas Nast
7093:generations
7002:J.C. Buttre
6561: 1862
6419:Hush harbor
6330:Slave codes
6324:Slave codes
6058: [
5973:New Georgia
5808:(1835–1838)
5751: [
5693:War of 1812
5686:Mike Seeger
5670:undesirable
5623:(1846–1849)
5500:(including
5422:wage slaves
5247:Task system
5243:Gang system
5233:Fire-Eaters
5149:William Lee
4793:war leaders
4636:Great Basin
4344:Nationalism
4032:Arikara War
4022:War of 1812
3987:Yamasee War
3972:Esopus Wars
3962:Kieft's War
3947:Beaver Wars
3745:Dawes Rolls
3504:Stereotypes
3431:Nova Scotia
3313:Mississippi
3273:San Antonio
3253:Los Angeles
3188:Black mecca
3115:Mississippi
3022:Negro Dutch
2844:Dominickers
2788:Multiethnic
2697:TransAfrica
2607:Nationalism
2577:Black power
2361:Black pride
2326:Upper class
2025:Politicians
1853:court cases
1730: [
1680:Slave Power
1668:Manumission
1515:Catholicism
1390:Afghanistan
1316:Penal Labor
1131:Puerto Rico
1043:The Bahamas
1021:Slave codes
824:Shanghaiing
814:Impressment
706:Slave Coast
586:Qajar harem
546:Concubinage
519:slave trade
307:Penal labor
250:Child Labor
32008:Categories
31885:Juneteenth
31406:Cemeteries
31283:Red Shirts
31194:Centennial
31144:Red Shirts
30552:Longstreet
30482:Beauregard
30425:Winchester
30400:Charleston
30369:Washington
30304:New Mexico
30299:New Jersey
30159:California
30135:States and
30119:Five Forks
30104:Mobile Bay
30074:Wilderness
30054:Gettysburg
30034:Perryville
30019:Seven Days
29950:Appomattox
29875:Gettysburg
29835:New Mexico
29702:Combatants
29677:Combatants
29590:John Brown
29113:Cash crops
29006:Toucouleur
28837:Senegambia
28587:Ring shout
28567:Haint blue
28214:Astronauts
28004:New Jersey
27848:California
27352:Capitalism
27149:Nat Turner
27079:Rosa Parks
27064:Diane Nash
27034:John Lewis
26823:Newspapers
26793:Literature
26778:Juneteenth
26731:Businesses
26585:Exodusters
26553:Free Negro
26117:Copper Sun
26066:Unburnable
26002:Dessa Rose
25729:Osifekunde
25661:Venerable
25604:James Mars
25517:Lear Green
25501:Monticello
25461:Noah Davis
25430:John Brown
25409:Henry Bibb
25352:Venerable
25158:Hark Olufs
25007:See also:
24509:Owen Brown
24504:John Brown
24400:Juneteenth
24385:Contraband
23835:Washington
23755:New Mexico
23750:New Jersey
23625:California
21969:Al-Jazeera
20927:Big Cotton
20812:(2): 2–39.
20637:0737704241
19271:census.gov
19250:census.gov
18756:. p.
18718:. p.
18263:HathiTrust
17637:. p.
17327:August 27,
17089:August 24,
17055:August 24,
16696:Battle Cry
16518:August 28,
16477:August 28,
16451:. London:
16066:Nat Turner
15948:. p.
15542:. Boston:
14601:2015043815
14300:TheGunZone
13837:Paul Cuffe
13100:August 22,
12920:October 4,
12915:John Horse
12253:John Adams
12220:. Mass.gov
11559:August 24,
11533:August 24,
11378:August 22,
11353:August 22,
10057:0674010612
10036:The Nation
9762:References
9539:See also:
8976:New Jersey
8338:California
8275:3,953,820
8251:All States
8177:38,558,371
8154:31,443,321
8131:23,191,876
8108:17,063,353
8085:12,860,702
7971:% Africans
7968:population
7824:Gold Coast
7799:Senegambia
7324:Jeff Davis
7292:See also:
7140:See also:
7073:war artist
7031:See also:
6521:See also:
6444:1979.5.13)
6413:See also:
6374:(image by
6348:See also:
6344:Slave pass
6232:Charleston
6189:(original
6152:See also:
6068:Eyre Crowe
6037:See also:
5923:slave ship
5915:U.S. brig
5742:, an 1881
5729:See also:
5697:See also:
5644:Gold Coast
5617:Page from
5518:John Brown
5311:See also:
5237:See also:
5194:See also:
5155:24.109.88)
5124:See also:
5100:Oney Judge
5026:See also:
5001:Salem Poor
4867:Background
4694:California
4087:Cayuse War
3957:Pequot War
3905:Literature
3070:California
3044:Population
2617:Patriotism
2602:Liberalism
2582:Capitalism
2553:Ideologies
2434:Theologies
2293:Juneteenth
2265:Literature
2193:Newspapers
2101:Migrations
2032:Juneteenth
1868:J.Q. Adams
1858:Washington
1828:Slave name
1777:convention
1752:Common law
1125:Encomienda
921:Seychelles
906:Mauritania
829:Slave ship
696:Panyarring
691:New France
340:Historical
51:See also:
31863:Espionage
31657:Diplomacy
31625:Political
31581:POW camps
31327:Monuments
31154:Scalawags
31149:Redeemers
30887:Aftermath
30836:Pinkerton
30775:Rosecrans
30740:McClellan
30643:Memminger
30379:Wisconsin
30344:Tennessee
30264:Minnesota
30239:Louisiana
30114:Nashville
30059:Vicksburg
29989:Pea Ridge
29940:Carolinas
29895:Red River
29890:Knoxville
29870:Tullahoma
29865:Vicksburg
29845:Peninsula
29817:campaigns
29683:Campaigns
29460:Secession
29296:Louisiana
29147:Sugarcane
28328:Monuments
28204:Activists
28056:Tennessee
27976:Michigan
27960:Baltimore
27950:Louisiana
27943:Lexington
27926:Davenport
27865:Cleveland
27764:Languages
27693:Melungeon
27671:Blaxicans
27539:Joe Louis
27394:Socialism
27330:Anarchism
27059:Bob Moses
27044:Malcolm X
26964:Fred Gray
26828:Soul food
26766:New Negro
26751:Folktales
26661:Redlining
25842:(1936–38)
25328:Caribbean
25154:(b. 1982)
25106:(b. 1979)
24299:Marriage,
23998:Treatment
23845:Wisconsin
23810:Tennessee
23715:Minnesota
23690:Louisiana
23417:March 19,
23042:: 92–109.
22935:March 25,
22931:(2): 169+
22908:456–483.
22545:Archives
22316:425–443.
22254:456–458.
22085:997–1015
21798:(1995) .
21554:146391068
21382:149160543
21159:0002-1482
21147:4, 1974.
21098:149624479
20558:(1999) .
20305:(2007) .
19229:144587155
19221:1533-6271
19122:0144-039X
18638:153965760
18581:153965760
18458:(2004) .
18244:0033-5533
18209:262210797
18201:0014-4983
18153:0009-5982
18075:0022-0515
18044:154464892
18036:0022-0507
18005:155629580
17962:214142489
17954:1468-0289
17919:248716718
17911:0895-3309
17736:145691938
17706:CiteSeerX
17574:145691938
17544:CiteSeerX
17465:154682898
17428:145691938
17380:145691938
17304:211165817
17255:0007-1234
17216:222442945
17208:0022-3816
17186:CiteSeerX
17084:0190-8286
17031:256599213
17023:1533-6271
16685:, p. 495.
16677:McPherson
16139:0022-4642
14951:Endeavour
14661:2158-2661
14609:956713856
14565:153885388
14549:0022-2992
14447:, p. 174.
14236:Carolinas
14228:Louisiana
14046:699102217
13742:0882-228X
13250:"Class".
13137:0004-1823
13037:203494471
13029:0144-039X
12801:149894983
12519:0882-228X
12463:2163-9108
12335:, p. 104.
11831:: 691–715
11671:160472953
11311:21879838M
11303:317690900
11233:0144-039X
11194:228097042
11186:1466-4658
11060:145241006
11012:1478-0542
10639:March 29,
10081:, 1/21/07
9382:Wisconsin
9208:Tennessee
8802:Minnesota
8657:Louisiana
8272:3,204,215
8269:2,487,392
8266:2,009,079
8263:1,531,490
8260:1,191,338
8171:4,880,009
8168:4,880,009
8148:4,441,830
8142:3,953,760
8125:3,638,808
8119:3,204,313
8102:2,873,648
8096:2,487,355
8079:2,328,642
8073:2,009,043
8062:9,638,453
8056:1,771,656
8050:1,538,022
8039:7,239,881
8033:1,377,808
8027:1,191,362
8016:5,308,483
8010:1,002,037
7993:3,929,214
7973:of total
7733:S. Mbundu
7729:N. Mbundu
7674:1810–1865
7666:1801–1810
7658:1791–1800
7650:1771–1790
7642:1761–1770
7634:1701–1760
7626:1620–1700
7621:Quantity
7527:Winnsboro
7504:US$ 1,000
7440:Economics
7404:Apologies
7046:Ambrotype
6620:Political
6567:40.59a-b)
6142:Treatment
5660:salampore
5656:Liverpool
5506:Mary Grew
5390:Actively
4798:musicians
4754:Wisconsin
4666:Southwest
4627:by region
4620:Geography
4544:Languages
4451:Wabunowin
4446:Midewiwin
4436:Sun Dance
4416:Mormonism
4027:Creek War
3528:Hollywood
3518:Blackface
3453:Prejudice
3371:US cities
3248:Lexington
3223:Davenport
3203:Baltimore
3179:US cities
3155:Tennessee
3105:Louisiana
3051:US states
2859:Melungeon
2829:Blaxicans
2627:Socialism
2592:Garveyism
2567:Anarchism
2371:Good hair
2198:Soul food
2168:Folktales
1863:Jefferson
1520:Mormonism
1455:Palestine
1269:Australia
1199:Indonesia
1090:Lei Áurea
1073:Code Noir
1053:Caribbean
1026:Treatment
765:Treatment
738:Devshirme
600:Odalisque
418:In Russia
359:Babylonia
347:Antiquity
186:in 1862;
31977:Category
31818:Seminole
31808:Cherokee
31561:Medicine
31514:Military
31427:Veterans
31261:Jim Crow
31026:timeline
30821:Ericsson
30804:Civilian
30785:Sheridan
30745:McDowell
30705:Farragut
30690:Burnside
30680:Anderson
30673:Military
30653:Stephens
30613:Benjamin
30606:Civilian
30492:Buchanan
30470:Military
30415:Richmond
30364:Virginia
30309:New York
30284:Nebraska
30274:Missouri
30259:Michigan
30249:Maryland
30234:Kentucky
30209:Illinois
30184:Delaware
30164:Colorado
30149:Arkansas
30109:Franklin
30029:Antietam
29900:Overland
29855:Maryland
29774:Theaters
29680:Theaters
29316:Virginia
29291:Kentucky
29213:Internal
29208:Atlantic
29027:Category
28984:Niominka
28939:Mandinka
28504:Language
28351:Category
28142:America
28108:Diaspora
28093:Virginia
28026:Oklahoma
28009:New York
27992:Nebraska
27955:Maryland
27938:Kentucky
27904:Illinois
27843:Arkansas
27748:Illinois
27686:of color
27372:Populism
27345:Movement
27262:Religion
26604:Lynching
26387:Timeline
26138:" (1848)
25884:Oroonoko
25568:John Jea
25172:(1663 –
25166:(1705–?)
25148:(1704–?)
24897:(Boston)
24849:Signals
24703:incident
24666:churches
23965:Glossary
23830:Virginia
23780:Oklahoma
23760:New York
23735:Nebraska
23725:Missouri
23710:Michigan
23700:Maryland
23685:Kentucky
23665:Illinois
23640:Delaware
23630:Colorado
23620:Arkansas
23284:(1993).
23230:(1861).
23081:(2009).
22981:32786606
22877:Preview.
22828:(2016).
22820:Preview.
22810:Preview.
22797:Excerpt.
22787:Preview.
22770:(2013).
22734:(2015).
22726:Preview.
22704:Preview.
22687:(1996).
22669:Preview.
22640:Preview.
22617:(2014).
22609:Preview.
22588:(2014).
22520:Preview.
22470:Preview.
22448:Preview.
22413:Preview.
22396:(2002).
22318:Preview.
22304:Preview.
22283:Preview.
22266:Preview.
22256:Preview.
22225:, eds.,
22193:(2016).
22185:Preview.
22150:Preview.
22119:Preview.
22101:Preview.
22062:Preview.
22037:Preview.
22035:(1987).
22027:Preview.
21936:Preview.
21924:Preview.
21914:Preview.
21904:Preview.
21894:Preview.
21892:, 1933.
21884:Preview.
21874:Preview.
21857:Preview.
21840:Preview.
21823:(1991).
21815:Preview.
21783:Preview.
21773:Preview.
21771:, 2003.
21760:Preview.
21750:Preview.
21740:Preview.
21730:Preview.
21713:(1999).
21705:Preview.
21683:Preview.
21671:Preview.
21649:Preview.
21618:Preview.
21613:40970472
21591:Preview.
21559:Preview.
21546:23489502
21519:Preview.
21484:Preview.
21468:Preview.
21463:23210240
21433:Preview.
21428:14103553
21420:40270762
21387:Preview.
21338:Preview.
21241:Preview.
21229:Preview.
21163:Preview.
21149:Preview.
21135:Preview.
21103:Preview.
21060:Preview.
21020:Preview.
20988:Preview.
20945:(2006).
20925:(2006).
20908:Preview.
20896:Preview.
20859:Preview.
20852:(1946).
20844:Preview.
20834:Preview.
20832:, 1956.
20815:Preview.
20792:Preview.
20790:, 1984.
20779:——, ed.
20765:Preview.
20743:Preview.
20718:Preview.
20708:, 1982,
20697:Preview.
20675:Preview.
20660:Preview.
20617:Preview.
20607:, 2006,
20599:Preview.
20587:Preview.
20575:Preview.
20550:Preview.
20528:Preview.
20511:(2013).
20503:Preview.
20493:, 2005,
20485:Preview.
20465:Preview.
20432:Preview.
20418:(1983).
20410:Preview.
20400:Preview.
20386:(1974).
20379:Preview.
20377:, 2002.
20366:Preview.
20344:Preview.
20322:Preview.
20297:Preview.
20280:(1971).
20272:Preview.
20262:, 1999,
20251:Preview.
20228:Preview.
20206:Preview.
20189:(2005).
20177:Preview.
20160:(1995).
20151:Preview.
20139:Preview.
20122:(1981).
20114:Preview.
20102:Preview.
20059:Preview.
20044:Preview.
19999:Preview.
19977:Preview.
19965:Preview.
19942:Preview.
19932:, 2008,
19922:Preview.
19900:Preview.
19883:(2011).
19875:Preview.
19853:Preview.
19831:Preview.
19809:Preview.
19792:(2003).
19784:Preview.
19767:(2014).
19759:Preview.
19734:Preview.
19717:(2016).
19702:(2007).
19694:Preview.
19682:Preview.
19675:(1939).
19620:(2015).
19604:22302394
19596:18831111
19546:Archived
19484:Archived
19440:Archived
19387:(2010).
19140:33281246
18920:: 1–17.
18918:Elsevier
18789:(eds.).
18708:(1981).
18682:Pantheon
18676:(1974).
18654:(1964).
18605:(2002).
18514:(2013).
18422:(1978).
18276:July 14,
18158:June 12,
18120:: 1–17.
18100:June 23,
17823:(2013).
17752:(2016).
17263:17112994
16896:March 9,
16715:(1979).
16549:(1978).
16444:(1822).
16420:(1835).
16370:March 9,
16062:(1971).
16003:(1974).
15819:Archived
15592:June 21,
15564:(1817).
15544:Garrison
15536:(1833).
15316:20025784
15264:25529636
15213:30283874
15014:11645888
14971:25824012
14929:Archived
14794:(2005).
14666:July 27,
14581:(2016).
14469:Berlin,
14456:Berlin,
14443:Berlin,
14430:Berlin,
14408:Berlin,
14358:Berlin,
14345:Berlin,
14247:Berlin,
14193:Archived
14166:Archived
14131:Archived
13849:freedmen
13505:July 13,
13470:July 13,
13432:March 1,
13359:cite web
13197:July 14,
13192:Andscape
13145:40027465
13079:, p. 87.
13066:, p. 81.
13053:, p. 78.
12948:July 28,
12817:(1993),
12734:(2006).
12680:July 12,
12651:cite web
12641:July 12,
12494:June 23,
12331:Berlin,
12152:(1845).
12036:40399768
11959:30140388
11853:(1851).
11615:(1921).
11491:(1997).
11295:02004230
11283:(1853).
11251:33281246
11148:Newshour
11140:Archived
10845:June 25,
10183:Archived
10127:July 12,
10071:Archived
10051:, 2003.
10017:March 1,
9967:Archived
9562:See also
9348:472,494
9324:Virginia
9261:182,566
9232:275,719
9203:402,406
9058:331,059
9005:New York
8889:Nebraska
8884:114,931
8860:Missouri
8855:436,631
8773:Michigan
8715:Maryland
8681:331,726
8652:225,483
8628:Kentucky
8512:Illinois
8507:462,198
8396:Delaware
8333:111,115
8309:Arkansas
8304:435,080
7966:Total US
7963:Africans
7958:Africans
7953:Africans
7948:# Slaves
7908:Malagasy
7804:Mandinka
7762:Bamileke
7685:597,000
7669:124,000
7637:189,000
7492:Wanderer
7004:, 1864)
6872:Military
6812:Judicial
6646:Gag rule
6597:Economic
6395:Religion
6289:1976.25)
5784:, (1811)
5581:gag rule
5573:censured
5458:—
5403:Wanderer
4749:Virginia
4739:Oklahoma
4729:Nebraska
4724:Michigan
4719:Maryland
4699:Colorado
4675:by state
4456:Wocekiye
4394:Religion
4121:Yuma War
3700:Genocide
3568:Category
3391:Diaspora
3318:Missouri
3243:Kentucky
3170:Virginia
3140:Oklahoma
3125:New York
3120:Nebraska
3110:Maryland
3085:Illinois
3065:Arkansas
2904:Merikins
2849:Freedmen
2822:Mascogos
2622:Populism
2513:Politics
2408:Religion
2378:Stepping
2144:Lifeways
1980:Timeline
1947:a series
1945:Part of
1895:Iron bit
1885:40 acres
1848:breeding
1663:Freedman
1498:Religion
1358:Portugal
1243:Thailand
1233:Maldives
1228:Malaysia
1221:Kwalliso
1165:Booi Aha
1117:Restavek
1097:Colombia
1068:Trinidad
1058:Barbados
948:Zanzibar
896:Ethiopia
777:Saqaliba
671:Database
622:Saqaliba
383:Ancillae
213:a series
211:Part of
31944:Related
31813:Choctaw
31803:Catawba
31586:Rations
31531:Cavalry
31393:Removal
31021:efforts
31005:of 1873
30851:Stevens
30846:Stanton
30831:Lincoln
30790:Sherman
30725:Halleck
30715:Frémont
30700:Du Pont
30638:Mallory
30597:Wheeler
30532:Jackson
30512:Forrest
30452:Leaders
30395:Atlanta
30359:Vermont
30279:Montana
30219:Indiana
30194:Georgia
30189:Florida
30154:Arizona
30144:Alabama
30094:Atlanta
30009:Corinth
29961:battles
29905:Atlanta
29885:Bristoe
29786:Western
29781:Eastern
29686:Battles
29485:Slavery
29389:Origins
29375:Origins
29286:Georgia
29274:Florida
29269:Alabama
29161:Slavery
29152:Tobacco
28894:Ambundu
28742:Georgia
28682:History
28618:Kumbaya
28537:Boo Hag
28428:Conrack
28413:Culture
28279:Writers
28244:Singers
28229:Jurists
28177:Europe
28131:Liberia
28076:Houston
27980:Detroit
27916:Indiana
27909:Chicago
27892:Atlanta
27887:Georgia
27870:Florida
27838:Alabama
27788:English
27362:Leftism
27232:Museums
26783:Kwanzaa
26708:Culture
26676:Slavery
26379:History
26216:Related
26010:Beloved
25994:Kindred
25962:Jubilee
25954:Our Nig
24986:Harriet
24882:Related
24336:Plaçage
23902:History
23850:Wyoming
23825:Vermont
23730:Montana
23670:Indiana
23650:Georgia
23645:Florida
23615:Arizona
23605:Alabama
23396:, 1984.
23390:Madison
23378:, 2008.
23234:(ed.).
22804:(2000)
22762:Online.
22561:, ed.,
22490:, ed.,
22482:Preview
22345:247–271
22281:13–20.
22210:Preview
22129:, 2007.
22074:261–285
21514:1856595
21374:2713433
21189:, 2004.
21130:1922187
21090:2716327
20983:1904203
20947:Preview
20872:Preview
20806:Fire!!!
20414:—— and
20081:Preview
20033:, 2006.
19709:Preview
19131:7716878
18837:158–159
18406:1942954
17728:2123771
17611:2652029
17566:2123771
17496:157–158
17420:2123771
17372:2123771
16987:(2000),
16920:May 11,
16859:(2007).
16702:on 495.
16579:(2001).
16328:May 11,
16147:2211064
15917:May 15,
15889:May 15,
15677:May 25,
15672:2567914
15493:May 22,
15467:May 22,
15307:2812948
15255:4289685
15204:6167003
15006:2207450
14557:2714086
14486:, p. 2.
14331:May 27,
14232:Georgia
14220:Alabama
13874:June 3,
13845:Quakers
13349:June 8,
13331:1887236
13300:1185118
13204:seller.
13089:MADEO.
12793:2713676
12746:406–407
12617:1897437
12582:1889086
12424:2204556
12278:Esquire
12077:(1967).
11835:May 15,
11242:7716878
11110:Section
10375:. 1997
10189:July 4,
10152:4781472
9377:18,371
9374:20,428
9371:18,488
9368:17,673
9365:15,178
9362:10,836
9345:452,028
9342:431,873
9339:453,698
9336:411,886
9333:383,521
9330:339,499
9327:287,959
9295:Vermont
9229:239,459
9226:183,059
9223:141,603
9200:384,984
9197:327,038
9194:315,401
9191:251,783
9188:196,365
9185:146,151
9182:107,094
9055:288,548
9052:245,817
9049:245,601
9046:205,017
9043:168,824
9040:133,296
9037:100,783
8852:309,878
8849:195,211
8739:87,189
8730:102,994
8727:107,398
8724:111,502
8721:105,635
8718:103,036
8678:244,809
8675:168,452
8672:109,588
8649:210,981
8646:182,258
8643:165,213
8640:126,732
8541:Indiana
8504:381,682
8501:280,944
8498:217,531
8495:149,656
8492:105,218
8483:Georgia
8478:61,745
8454:Florida
8301:342,844
8298:253,532
8295:117,549
8280:Alabama
8257:893,308
8254:694,207
8193:May 13,
8185:Source:
8145:488,070
8122:434,495
8099:386,293
8076:319,599
8053:233,634
8030:186,446
8007:108,435
8004:893,602
7987:757,208
7981:697,681
7677:51,000
7661:79,000
7653:56,000
7645:63,000
7629:21,000
7512:, 1908)
7425:Belzoni
6832:Amistad
6128:Georgia
6055:
5944:, 1854)
5815:seizure
5813:Amistad
5764:Gabriel
5714:, 1926)
5575:in the
5396:Funded
5281:, 1840)
5040:in the
4783:artists
4704:Florida
4689:Arizona
4551:English
3910:Fashion
3880:Pow wow
3837:Culture
3705:Slavery
3639:History
3426:Liberia
3308:Georgia
3303:Florida
3233:Houston
3228:Detroit
3213:Chicago
3198:Atlanta
3090:Indiana
3080:Georgia
3075:Florida
3060:Alabama
2992:Tutnese
2871:Redbone
2597:Leftism
2298:Kwanzaa
2255:Studies
2207:Schools
2136:Culture
2065:Aspects
2010:Slavery
1972:Periods
1964:History
1873:Lincoln
1746:Related
1646:Liberia
1532:Judaism
1470:Tunisia
1445:Morocco
1435:Lebanon
1400:Bahrain
1395:Algeria
1363:Romania
1328:Denmark
1321:Slavery
1255:Vietnam
926:Somalia
916:Nigeria
891:Comoros
819:Pirates
728:Ghilman
661:Bristol
551:history
524:pirates
413:History
302:Peonage
225:slavery
183:Vermont
31987:Portal
31925:Tokens
30861:Welles
30841:Seward
30826:Hamlin
30795:Thomas
30730:Hooker
30695:Butler
30648:Seddon
30633:Hunter
30618:Bocock
30592:Taylor
30587:Stuart
30577:Semmes
30557:Morgan
30517:Gorgas
30497:Cooper
30388:Cities
30324:Oregon
30289:Nevada
30229:Kansas
30199:Hawaii
30099:Crater
29999:Shiloh
29959:Major
29945:Mobile
29815:Major
29689:States
29640:Caning
29137:Indigo
29120:Cotton
28974:Laalaa
28929:Kpelle
28547:Hoodoo
28463:(1991)
28455:(1989)
28447:(1984)
28439:(1982)
28431:(1974)
28407:topics
28291:Mayors
28209:Actors
28181:France
28173:Israel
28161:Mexico
28146:Canada
28121:Gambia
28116:Africa
28066:Austin
28031:Oregon
27970:Boston
27933:Kansas
27899:Hawaii
27817:Gullah
27627:Yoruba
27617:Gullah
27488:Sports
27406:groups
27236:Women
26773:Hoodoo
26647:(1896)
26573:Second
26549:(1857)
26494:(1956)
26441:(1954)
26330:(2008)
26322:(2002)
26314:(1867)
26306:(2008)
26298:(1931)
26290:(1847)
26282:(1783)
26208:(2008)
26200:(2003)
26181:(2022)
26173:(1859)
26165:(1858)
26146:(1853)
26128:Essays
26120:(2006)
26112:(1965)
26104:(1951)
26085:(2016)
26077:(2007)
26069:(2006)
26061:(2003)
26053:(2002)
26045:(2001)
26037:(1996)
26029:(1993)
26021:(1990)
26013:(1987)
26005:(1986)
25997:(1979)
25989:(1977)
25981:(1976)
25973:(1967)
25965:(1966)
25957:(1859)
25949:(1856)
25919:(1853)
25916:Clotel
25911:(1852)
25903:(1852)
25895:(1841)
25887:(1688)
25866:(2018)
25858:(1972)
25850:(1956)
25834:(1901)
25826:(1881)
25818:(1872)
25810:(1861)
25802:(1855)
25794:(1853)
25786:(1849)
25778:(1845)
25770:(1839)
25762:(1816)
25754:(1789)
25503:–1901)
25499:(1815
25421:(1834)
25303:Canada
25228:Europe
25085:Africa
24840:Quilts
24789:Topics
24781:(1865)
24775:(1859)
24769:(1856)
24763:(1858)
24757:(1857)
24743:(1854)
24729:(1851)
24723:(1851)
24717:(1849)
24711:(1847)
24705:(1848)
24687:Events
24661:houses
24648:Places
24491:People
24185:(1808)
24003:Health
23894:Topics
23785:Oregon
23740:Nevada
23680:Kansas
23655:Hawaii
23610:Alaska
23598:States
23315:
23294:
23261:
23216:
23193:
23157:
23134:
23111:
23089:
23068:
22979:
22949:online
22906:
22896:online
22861:
22838:
22778:
22746:
22717:
22695:
22660:
22631:
22600:
22511:
22461:
22439:
22404:
22375:
22343:
22332:
22328:
22314:
22300:
22279:
22252:
22238:
22201:
22169:83–110
22167:
22141:
22113:
22099:9–12.
22097:
22087:online
22083:
22072:
22050:
22023:
22009:
21943:Videos
21831:
21806:
21721:
21696:
21662:
21640:
21611:
21586:845555
21584:
21552:
21544:
21512:
21461:
21426:
21418:
21380:
21372:
21329:
21306:online
21280:
21259:
21220:
21170:Videos
21157:
21145:
21128:
21096:
21088:
21040:
21015:844116
21013:
20981:
20933:
20887:
20772:, ed.
20756:
20734:
20712:
20688:
20634:
20611:
20566:
20541:
20519:
20497:
20479:
20456:
20442:online
20426:
20394:
20357:
20335:
20313:
20288:
20266:
20241:
20219:
20197:
20168:
20130:
20096:
20072:
20014:
19990:
19959:
19936:
19913:
19891:
19866:
19844:
19822:
19800:
19775:
19750:
19725:
19602:
19594:
19523:
19397:
19338:
19290:SFGATE
19227:
19219:
19176:
19138:
19128:
19120:
19057:
19021:
18988:
18955:
18843:
18805:
18764:
18726:
18688:
18636:
18579:
18480:
18438:
18404:
18362:
18242:
18207:
18199:
18151:
18073:
18042:
18034:
18003:
17995:
17960:
17952:
17917:
17909:
17866:
17835:
17800:
17766:
17734:
17726:
17708:
17645:
17609:
17572:
17564:
17546:
17502:
17463:
17426:
17418:
17378:
17370:
17302:
17261:
17253:
17214:
17206:
17188:
17141:
17082:
17029:
17021:
16839:
16725:
16625:
16559:
16346:, 448.
16324:. 2003
16300:
16273:
16223:
16198:
16145:
16137:
16100:
16030:
15956:
15840:
15770:
15745:
15703:
15670:
15624:
15516:
15488:Medium
15433:
15390:
15365:
15337:
15314:
15304:
15262:
15252:
15211:
15201:
15108:
15012:
15004:
14969:
14906:
14883:
14802:
14766:
14659:
14607:
14599:
14589:
14563:
14555:
14547:
14392:
14388:–269.
14364:
14278:
14226:, and
14044:
14009:
13949:
13924:
13899:
13870:. 1830
13784:
13740:
13715:
13665:
13638:
13611:
13584:
13557:
13530:
13423:
13390:
13329:
13298:
13266:
13224:
13166:
13143:
13135:
13035:
13027:
12892:
12831:
12799:
12791:
12752:
12615:
12580:
12543:
12517:
12461:
12422:
12392:(1933)
12305:
12259:
12181:
12097:
12034:
11957:
11922:
11698:
11669:
11661:
11591:
11505:
11445:
11344:
11309:
11301:
11293:
11249:
11239:
11231:
11192:
11184:
11146:, PBS
11120:
11116:
11112:
11058:
11010:
10964:
10943:
10922:
10898:
10872:
10704:
10679:
10603:
10538:
10448:
10427:
10382:
10337:
10311:
10287:
10266:
10233:
10175:
10150:
10055:
9947:
9880:
9855:
9787:
9620:(ADOS)
9359:7,172
9356:4,668
9258:58,161
9220:80,107
9217:44,535
9214:13,584
9092:Oregon
9017:10,088
9014:15,017
9011:20,613
9008:21,193
8985:10,851
8982:12,422
8979:11,423
8918:Nevada
8881:87,422
8878:58,240
8875:25,096
8872:10,222
8846:65,659
8843:32,814
8840:14,523
8736:90,368
8733:89,737
8669:69,064
8666:34,660
8637:80,561
8634:40,343
8631:12,430
8599:Kansas
8489:59,699
8486:29,264
8475:39,310
8472:25,717
8469:15,501
8449:3,185
8420:1,798
8330:47,100
8327:19,935
8292:41,879
8220:Census
7984:59,527
7961:% Free
7951:# Free
7943:Census
7883:Allada
7871:Yoruba
7758:Ibibio
7500:US$ 50
7477:whites
7250:
7244:
7238:
7232:
7226:
7220:
7214:
7208:
7202:
7196:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7172:
7134:, and
7111:, 1862
7025:, and
6996:, and
6834:affair
6748:Social
6515:, and
6502:, 1849
6421:, and
6407:, and
6382:1.373)
6342:, and
6268:, and
6164:, and
6031:, and
5987:, and
5930:Ambriz
5926:Martha
5828:(1849)
5817:(1839)
5802:(1831)
5650:, and
5520:, and
5512:, and
5467:, 1834
5451:, and
5346:museum
5261:, and
5188:, and
4957:; and
4911:, and
4893:; and
4879:, and
4788:actors
4744:Oregon
4709:Hawaii
4684:Alaska
4469:Groups
3920:Health
3460:Racism
3421:Israel
3411:France
3406:Canada
3401:Africa
3208:Boston
3145:Oregon
3100:Kansas
3010:Gullah
2899:Gullah
2719:Sports
2466:Hoodoo
1794:owners
1430:Kuwait
1425:Jordan
1378:Sweden
1368:Russia
1353:Poland
1348:Norway
1170:Laogai
1155:Brunei
1150:Bhutan
1112:revolt
1085:Brazil
1048:Canada
1011:partus
996:female
881:Angola
750:Coolie
733:Mamluk
686:Nantes
666:Brazil
595:Cariye
430:Thrall
398:Kholop
364:Greece
202:(1769)
177:coffle
31730:Dixie
31717:Music
31336:Union
31180:Post-
31016:trial
30816:Chase
30811:Adams
30780:Scott
30755:Meigs
30750:Meade
30720:Grant
30710:Foote
30685:Buell
30666:Union
30628:Davis
30572:Price
30562:Mosby
30507:Ewell
30502:Early
30487:Bragg
30349:Texas
30244:Maine
30204:Idaho
29710:Union
28999:Saafi
28994:Palor
28969:Serer
28964:Wolof
28954:Temne
28944:Mende
28934:Limba
28924:Kongo
28919:Kissi
28833:Sahel
28452:Glory
28192:Lists
28156:Haiti
28126:Ghana
28061:Texas
27997:Omaha
27275:Islam
26808:Names
26798:Music
26736:Dance
26154:Plays
24701:Pearl
23815:Texas
23695:Maine
23660:Idaho
23210:Blair
23128:Blair
22977:S2CID
22524:——, "
22240:17–55
22011:54–60
21609:JSTOR
21582:JSTOR
21550:S2CID
21542:JSTOR
21510:JSTOR
21459:JSTOR
21424:S2CID
21416:JSTOR
21378:S2CID
21370:JSTOR
21126:JSTOR
21094:S2CID
21086:JSTOR
21011:JSTOR
20979:JSTOR
19600:S2CID
19572:(PDF)
19470:–288.
19421:(PDF)
19267:(PDF)
19246:(PDF)
19225:S2CID
18877:(2).
18865:(PDF)
18634:S2CID
18610:(PDF)
18577:S2CID
18559:(PDF)
18519:(PDF)
18402:JSTOR
18325:(PDF)
18205:S2CID
18040:S2CID
18001:S2CID
17993:JSTOR
17958:S2CID
17915:S2CID
17732:S2CID
17724:JSTOR
17692:(PDF)
17607:JSTOR
17570:S2CID
17562:JSTOR
17530:(PDF)
17461:S2CID
17451:: 1.
17424:S2CID
17416:JSTOR
17376:S2CID
17368:JSTOR
17300:S2CID
17259:S2CID
17212:S2CID
17027:S2CID
16143:JSTOR
15668:JSTOR
15548:Knapp
15002:JSTOR
14561:S2CID
14553:JSTOR
13971:(PDF)
13327:JSTOR
13296:JSTOR
13141:JSTOR
13033:S2CID
12797:S2CID
12789:JSTOR
12613:JSTOR
12578:JSTOR
12420:JSTOR
12132:(PDF)
12032:JSTOR
11955:JSTOR
11667:S2CID
11659:JSTOR
11398:(PDF)
11190:S2CID
11056:S2CID
9810:Slate
9732:Notes
9443:, of
9237:Texas
9211:3,417
9127:1,706
9124:3,707
8991:2,254
8988:7,557
8837:2,995
8686:Maine
8446:3,687
8443:3,320
8440:4,505
8437:4,520
8434:3,554
8431:2,072
8417:2,290
8414:2,605
8411:3,292
8408:4,509
8405:4,177
8402:6,153
8399:8,887
8370:2,648
8324:4,576
8321:1,617
8289:2,565
8246:1860
7956:Total
7904:Macua
7850:Mandé
7839:13.1
7818:14.5
7812:Wolof
7793:15.8
7787:Temne
7783:Mende
7772:24.4
7754:Tikar
7739:26.1
7725:Kongo
7682:Total
7310:like
7103:(now
7091:Four
7075:"F",
6496:from
6175:Peter
6064:]
5918:Perry
5757:]
5652:Bonny
4771:Lists
3885:Dance
3875:Music
3573:Index
3416:Ghana
3338:Texas
3263:Omaha
3160:Texas
2672:NAACP
2183:Names
2173:Music
2153:Dance
1821:songs
1816:films
1734:]
1690:songs
1527:Islam
1505:Bible
1480:Yemen
1475:Qatar
1465:Syria
1440:Libya
1405:Egypt
1373:Spain
1343:Malta
1216:Korea
1204:Japan
1182:India
1160:China
1107:Haiti
967:Aztec
943:Sudan
911:Niger
803:Naval
676:Dutch
605:Qiyan
591:Jarya
566:Harem
408:Serfs
354:Egypt
172:; an
162:Peter
31915:Salt
31521:Arms
31371:List
31343:List
30856:Wade
30765:Pope
30735:Hunt
30567:Polk
30527:Hood
30522:Hill
30354:Utah
30319:Ohio
30224:Iowa
29756:Navy
29751:Army
29723:Navy
29718:Army
29279:Leon
29142:Rice
29132:Hemp
28989:Noon
28979:Ndut
28949:Susu
28914:Jola
28909:Igbo
28904:Fula
28899:Baga
28552:Mojo
28088:Utah
27921:Iowa
27753:Ohio
27714:list
27622:Igbo
27612:Fula
26756:Hair
26746:Film
26463:1968
26453:1964
26178:Omar
25211:Asia
25011:and
24833:1850
24435:list
23820:Utah
23775:Ohio
23675:Iowa
23479:WNET
23419:2019
23313:ISBN
23292:ISBN
23259:ISBN
23214:ISBN
23191:ISBN
23155:ISBN
23132:ISBN
23109:ISBN
23087:ISBN
23066:ISBN
22937:2018
22859:ISBN
22836:ISBN
22776:ISBN
22744:ISBN
22715:ISBN
22693:ISBN
22658:ISBN
22629:ISBN
22598:ISBN
22509:ISBN
22459:ISBN
22437:ISBN
22402:ISBN
22373:ISBN
22334:1–45
22199:ISBN
22139:ISBN
22111:ISBN
21982:2018
21829:ISBN
21804:ISBN
21719:ISBN
21694:ISBN
21660:ISBN
21638:ISBN
21327:ISBN
21278:ISBN
21257:ISBN
21218:ISBN
21155:ISSN
21027:and
20931:ISBN
20885:ISBN
20754:ISBN
20732:ISBN
20710:ISBN
20686:ISBN
20632:ISBN
20609:ISBN
20564:ISBN
20539:ISBN
20517:ISBN
20495:ISBN
20477:ISBN
20454:ISBN
20424:ISBN
20392:ISBN
20355:ISBN
20333:ISBN
20311:ISBN
20264:ISBN
20239:ISBN
20217:ISBN
20195:ISBN
20166:ISBN
20128:ISBN
20094:ISBN
20070:ISBN
20012:ISBN
19988:ISBN
19957:ISBN
19934:ISBN
19911:ISBN
19889:ISBN
19864:ISBN
19842:ISBN
19820:ISBN
19798:ISBN
19773:ISBN
19748:ISBN
19723:ISBN
19592:PMID
19521:ISBN
19395:ISBN
19336:ISBN
19297:2022
19217:ISSN
19174:ISBN
19136:PMID
19118:ISSN
19055:ISBN
19019:ISBN
18986:ISBN
18953:ISBN
18841:ISBN
18803:ISBN
18762:ISBN
18724:ISBN
18686:ISBN
18478:ISBN
18436:ISBN
18360:ISBN
18278:2024
18240:ISSN
18197:ISSN
18160:2017
18149:ISSN
18102:2019
18071:ISSN
18032:ISSN
17950:ISSN
17907:ISSN
17864:ISBN
17833:ISBN
17798:ISBN
17764:ISBN
17643:ISBN
17500:ISBN
17329:2023
17251:ISSN
17204:ISSN
17139:ISBN
17091:2023
17080:ISSN
17057:2023
17019:ISSN
16936:link
16922:2024
16898:2014
16837:ISBN
16723:ISBN
16623:ISBN
16557:ISBN
16520:2023
16479:2017
16372:2009
16330:2021
16298:ISBN
16271:ISBN
16221:ISBN
16196:ISBN
16173:2020
16135:ISSN
16098:ISBN
16028:ISBN
15954:ISBN
15919:2018
15891:2018
15838:ISBN
15768:ISBN
15743:ISBN
15701:ISBN
15679:2018
15622:ISBN
15594:2024
15546:and
15514:ISBN
15495:2023
15469:2023
15444:2022
15431:ISBN
15412:104.
15388:ISBN
15363:ISBN
15335:ISBN
15312:PMID
15260:PMID
15209:PMID
15106:ISBN
15085:2022
15062:2022
15040:2022
15010:PMID
14967:PMID
14904:ISBN
14881:ISBN
14800:ISBN
14764:ISBN
14668:2023
14657:ISSN
14634:2022
14605:OCLC
14597:LCCN
14587:ISBN
14545:ISSN
14390:ISBN
14333:2014
14307:2022
14276:ISBN
14139:2018
14104:2018
14042:OCLC
14007:ISBN
13984:2018
13947:ISBN
13922:ISBN
13897:ISBN
13876:2013
13814:2012
13782:ISBN
13738:ISSN
13713:ISBN
13663:ISBN
13636:ISBN
13609:ISBN
13582:ISBN
13555:ISBN
13528:ISBN
13507:2007
13472:2007
13434:2019
13421:ISBN
13388:ISBN
13365:link
13351:2007
13264:ISBN
13222:ISBN
13199:2020
13164:ISBN
13133:ISSN
13102:2023
13025:ISSN
12950:2013
12922:2013
12890:ISBN
12867:2016
12860:WTTW
12829:ISBN
12750:ISBN
12682:2024
12657:link
12643:2024
12541:ISBN
12515:ISSN
12496:2014
12459:ISSN
12376:2022
12303:ISBN
12285:2023
12257:ISBN
12226:2024
12179:ISBN
12095:ISBN
11920:ISBN
11872:2011
11837:2018
11772:2017
11738:2017
11696:ISBN
11589:ISBN
11561:2023
11535:2023
11503:ISBN
11475:2007
11443:ISBN
11424:2007
11380:2023
11355:2023
11342:ISBN
11299:OCLC
11291:LCCN
11247:PMID
11229:ISSN
11182:ISSN
11085:2022
11008:ISSN
10962:ISBN
10941:ISBN
10920:ISBN
10896:ISBN
10870:ISBN
10847:2014
10805:2022
10779:2022
10702:ISBN
10677:ISBN
10641:2023
10601:ISBN
10565:2007
10536:ISBN
10487:2022
10446:ISBN
10425:ISBN
10407:2022
10380:ISBN
10335:ISBN
10309:ISBN
10285:ISBN
10264:ISBN
10231:ISBN
10191:2021
10173:ISBN
10148:OCLC
10129:2024
10103:2022
10053:ISBN
10019:2022
9945:ISBN
9924:2022
9878:ISBN
9853:ISBN
9785:ISBN
9522:16%
9511:25%
9500:37%
9489:31%
9478:26%
9266:Utah
9063:Ohio
8570:Iowa
8243:1850
8240:1840
8237:1830
8234:1820
8231:1810
8228:1800
8225:1790
8222:Year
8195:2010
8180:13%
8174:100%
8162:1870
8157:14%
8139:1860
8134:16%
8116:1850
8111:17%
8093:1840
8088:18%
8070:1830
8065:18%
8047:1820
8042:19%
8024:1810
8019:19%
8001:1800
7996:19%
7978:1790
7945:Year
7914:1.8
7893:4.3
7887:Mahi
7885:and
7860:5.2
7829:Akan
7808:Fula
7766:Bubi
7750:Igbo
7452:via
7339:and
7314:and
7296:and
7286:and
7035:and
6830:The
6587:the
6525:and
6482:and
6463:and
6352:and
6041:and
5957:and
5928:off
5905:and
5571:was
5535:and
5480:and
5231:and
5198:and
5170:and
5128:and
5102:, a
5020:and
4947:and
4714:Iowa
4376:MMIW
3939:Wars
3895:Film
3870:Food
3506:and
3165:Utah
3135:Ohio
3095:Iowa
2702:UNCF
2163:Film
2012:and
1772:laws
1634:U.S.
1629:U.K.
1567:U.S.
1562:U.K.
1450:Oman
1420:Iraq
1415:Iran
1102:Cuba
1006:maps
901:Mali
886:Chad
472:Baqt
369:Rome
265:Debt
223:and
181:USS
30760:Ord
30547:Lee
28959:Vai
26721:Art
26578:New
25892:Sab
23456:at
23347:",
23017:doi
22993:doi
22969:doi
22910:doi
22528:."
21574:doi
21534:doi
21502:doi
21451:doi
21406:doi
21402:136
21362:doi
21118:doi
21078:doi
21003:doi
20971:doi
20286:SBN
19584:doi
19468:287
19363:hdl
19207:doi
19126:PMC
19110:doi
19051:119
19015:109
18982:108
18949:107
18922:doi
18883:doi
18758:158
18720:190
18624:doi
18620:117
18567:doi
18533:doi
18394:doi
18337:doi
18267:hdl
18232:doi
18187:doi
18122:doi
18063:doi
18024:doi
17985:doi
17942:doi
17897:doi
17716:doi
17639:156
17599:doi
17595:105
17554:doi
17453:doi
17408:doi
17360:doi
17290:doi
17243:doi
17196:doi
17011:doi
16322:PBS
16127:doi
15983:hdl
15660:doi
15302:PMC
15292:doi
15250:PMC
15240:doi
15199:PMC
15191:doi
14994:doi
14959:doi
14818:",
14693:hdl
14537:doi
14507:doi
14386:226
14097:NPR
13778:568
13417:254
13384:207
13319:doi
13256:doi
13125:doi
13017:doi
12825:368
12781:doi
12605:doi
12570:doi
12451:doi
12412:doi
11764:PBS
11730:PBS
11692:125
11651:doi
11334:doi
11237:PMC
11221:doi
11174:doi
11048:doi
11000:doi
10634:PBS
9290:29
9159:108
9156:380
9153:958
9136:403
9133:211
9130:795
9000:18
8997:236
8994:674
8950:157
8913:15
8553:190
8550:237
8530:331
8527:747
8524:917
8521:168
8518:107
8376:310
8373:951
8318:136
8286:494
8151:11%
8128:12%
8105:13%
8082:14%
8059:13%
8036:14%
8013:11%
7879:Fon
7875:Ewe
7854:Kru
7833:Fon
7371:at
6539:of
6230:in
6195:by
5940:'s
5746:by
5668:rum
5516:),
5488:),
3865:Art
2260:Art
32010::
28835:/
26592:/
25936:c.
25934:–
25929:c.
25526:MD
25174:c.
23539:,
23527:.
23507:,
23503:,
23493:,
23477:,
23435:,
23410:.
23392::
23388:.
23384:.
23374::
23257:.
23253:.
23240:.
23212:.
23208:.
23189:.
23185:.
23153:.
23149:.
23130:.
23126:.
23107:.
23103:.
23064:.
23060:.
23040:36
23038:.
23032:.
23013:24
23011:.
22975:.
22965:32
22963:.
22929:12
22927:.
22923:.
22857:.
22853:.
22742:.
22738:.
22656:.
22652:.
22627:.
22623:.
22596:.
22592:.
22532:,
22421:;
22367:.
22117:.
22060:.
21984:.
21966:.
21767:;
21605:54
21603:.
21580:.
21570:36
21568:.
21548:.
21540:.
21530:31
21528:.
21508:.
21498:77
21496:.
21479:32
21477:.
21457:.
21447:25
21445:.
21422:.
21414:.
21400:.
21396:.
21376:.
21368:.
21356:.
21313:.
21293:.
21204:.
21185:,
21179:.
21161:.
21124:.
21114:28
21112:.
21092:.
21084:.
21074:48
21072:.
21055:13
21053:.
21009:.
20997:.
20977:.
20967:56
20965:.
20866:.
20808:.
20716:.
20704:.
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