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509:. Besides the Sikh shrines, Sirhind has an important Muslim monument Rauza Sharif Mujjadid Alf Sani, the mausoleum of Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi (1569-1624), the fundamentalist leader of the orthodox; Naqshbandi school of Sufism. There are a number of other tombs in the compound mostly of the members of Shaikh Ahmad's house.
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And the alleged prophecy of Guru Gobind Singh, has, of late, been recently fulfilled, as a railway contractor 'appeared on the scene and carried the mass of old
Sirhind as blast on which to lay the iron track'. And even to this day a pious Sikh, when travelling to the north or south of that city, may
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It was soon after (2 August 1764) transferred possession to Sardar Ala Singh, founder of the
Patiala family. Sirhind thereafter remained part of the Patiala territory until the state lapsed in 1948. Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala (1813–45) had gurdwaras constructed in Sirhind in memory of the young
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Guru Gobind Singh after a brief interval returned to
Anandpur but had to quit it again on 5–6 December 1705 under pressure of a prolonged siege by the hill chief supported by Sirhind troops. Under the orders of the faujdar, Nawab Wazir Khan, Guru Gobind Singh's two younger sons, aged nine and seven,
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The booty was donated for the repair and reconstruction of the sacred shrines at
Amritsar demolished by Ahmad Shah. The territories of the Sirhind sarkar were divided among the leaders of the Dal Khalsa, but no one was willing to take the town of Sirhind where Guru Gobind Singh's younger sons were
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who succeeded his master in the possession of the eastern part of his dominions. But Ahmad Shah
Durrani was defeated by the Mughal rulers of Delhi who reoccupied the town, although the invader reconquered it during his fourth invasion during 1756-57. Early in 1758, the Sikhs, in collaboration with
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Under the
Mughals, Sirhind was the second largest city of the Punjab and the strongest fortified town between Delhi and Lahore. The town also enjoyed considerable commercial importance. According to Nasir Ali Sirhindi, Tankhi Nasin, Sirhind at that time possessed buildings which had no parallel in
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were cruelly bricked to death. They were enclosed alive in a wall in
Sirhind and executed as the masonry rose up to their necks. Upon hearing the news of his sons' deaths, Guru Gobind Singh is reported to have prophesied the city of Sirhind being plundered, looted and devastated by his followers.
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in the closing decades of the seventeenth century. At the instance of one of the hill rulers, Raja Ajmer Chand, Wazir Khan, the faujdar of
Sirhind, despatched some troops along with a couple of artillery pieces to reinforce the hill army attacking Anandpur. An inconclusive encounter took place on
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It derives its name probably from
Sairindhas, a tribe that according to Varahamihira (AD 505-87), Brihat Samhita, once inhabited this part of the country. According to Hsuen Tsang, the Chinese traveller who visited India during the seventh century, Sirhind was the capital of the district of
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Ahmad Shah defeated the
Marathas at Panipat in January 1761. and struck the Sikhs a severe blow in what is known as Vadda Ghallughara, the 'Great Massacre', that took place on 5 February 1762. Sikhs rallied and attacked Sirhind on 17 May 1762. defeating its faujdar,
178:, Sirhind was an important outpost on the eastern frontier of the Hindu Shahi Empire. With the contraction of their territory under the Ghaznavid onslaught, the Hindu Shahi capital was shifted in 1012 to Sirhind, where it remained till the death of
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Shitotulo, or Shatadru (the River Sutlej), which was about 2000 H or 533 km in circuit. The Shatadru principality subsequently became part of the vast kingdom called Trigarta of which Jalandhar was the capital.
472:, who purchased peace by paying Rs 50,000 as a tribute to the Dal Khalsa. A more decisive battle took place on 14 January 1764 when Dal Khalsa. under Jassa Singh Ahluvalia, made another assault upon Sirhind.
182:, the last ruling king of the dynasty. After the Hindu Shahi dynasty fell, the outpost of Sirhind was captured by the Ghaznavids, but it was later abandoned due to its distance from the Ghaznavid capital,
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was killed in action and Sirhind was occupied and subjected to plunder and destruction. The booty was donated for the repair and reconstruction of the sacred shrines at Amritsar demolished by Ahmad Shah.
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was appointed governor. The city was plundered, razed and an immense loss of life and property occurred during Banda's siege. The town was, however, taken again by the Mughal imperial forces. The
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in 1361 AD at the behest of Sayyid Jalaluddin Bukhari, the spiritual guide of that king. The duty of building the town was given to Khwaja Fathallah, the brother of the ancestor of
302:, who made several visits to Sirhind, refers in his memoirs to the captivating beauty of its gardens. The jurisdiction of Sirhind sarkar extended to Anandpur which was the seat of
149:. It is situated on the Delhi to Lahore Highway. It has a population of about 60,851 . It is now a district headquarters in the state of Punjab; the name of the district is
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The original building of "Gurudwara Thanda Burj", where a Sikh Gurudwara was built over the original structure before it was completely destroyed and rebuilt in the 1900s
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martyrs and their grandmother, Mata Gujari. He changed the name of the nizamat or district from Sirhind to Fatehgarh Sahib, after the name of the
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295:(10 km approximately) on the banks of the River Hansala (now known as Sirhind Nala), it had many beautiful gardens and several canals.
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as a governor of Sirhind. In 1420, Khizr Khan defeated the insurgent Sarang Khan at Sirhind. In 1431, the city was invaded by the
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were subordinated to it and included in what was called Sirhind sarkar of the Subah of Delhi. It was refounded by Sultan
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be seen pulling out a brick or two from its ruins and conveying them to the waters of the Sutlej or the Jamuna.
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which means 'Revivor of the Faith in the Second Millennium'. The mausoleum of this saint is still there. Under
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subjected to a cruel fate. By a unanimous will it was made over to Buddha Singh, descendant of Bhai Bhagatu.
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When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799
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assumed the title of Sultan under the governorship of Malik Sultan Shah Lodi.
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Map of Sirhind with the locations of Sikh sites labelled, as published in the
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in the 17th century. This city was a home of sixteenth-century saint
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by dividing the old fief of Samana Firuz Shah dug a canal from the
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made a fierce attack upon Sirhind. The Mughal Army was routed and
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which means Sirhind Fifty-two because it yielded a revenue of 52
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History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh Confederacies (1708-69)
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Sharing the Sacred: Practicing Pluralism in Muslim North India
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In March 1748, Sirhind was seized, but only temporarily, by
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and he then captured Sirhind and finally Delhi. Under the
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291:the whole of India. Spread over a distance of 3
624:. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 14.
375:built a famous garden known as Aam Khas Bagh.
368:Rs, i.e. 5 million 200 thousand Rs per year.
595:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 51.
427:recaptured Sirhind and they also captured
529:Sirhind: A Monumental Example of Oblivion
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659:Memories of a town known as Sirhind
589:Dhavan, Purnima (3 November 2011).
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574:. Punjabi University. p. 49.
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543:Bigelow, Anna (4 February 2010).
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652:The Imperial Gazetteer of India
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57:"History of Sirhind"
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250:. In 1415
176:Ghaznavids
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