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1012:) expressed concerns that "a dangerous tendency has recently been manifesting itself by which entertainment ceases to be ancillary to news and either supersedes it or absorbs it; many people welcome a newspaper that under the guise of presenting news, enables them to escape from the grimness of actual events and the effort of thought by opening the backdoor of triviality and sex appeal. Such readers are left ill-informed and unable to participate intelligently in political debate." The report also contained worries about the fact that "general accuracy of the Press is comparatively low by scientific or administrative standards," and about early
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this failed to discourage untaxed newspapers. It was chiefly Milner Gibson and
Richard Cobden who advocated the case in parliament to first reduce in 1836 and, in 1855, totally repeal the tax on newspapers. The development of the press was greatly assisted by the gradual abolition of the taxes on periodicals as well as by the introduction of a cheap postal system. Both of these developments made the newspaper more affordable to a greater percentage of the population. The burden of the newspaper tax on publishers was heavy, resulting in 29,400,000 tax stamps being issued in 1820. In 1828 the proprietor of
240:
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467:
911:" who owned and closely supervised major newspapers were empire builders focused on making money and extending their audience. A few tried to exploit their captive audiences to help shape British politics, but they were largely unsuccessful. The large papers were all mildly conservative but none were organs of the Conservative Party. The Liberals lost nearly all their media and Labour had one small captive outlet,
1306:. Maxwell's untimely death triggered a flood of instability with banks frantically calling in their massive loans, and his publishing empire collapsed. It emerged that, without adequate prior authorisation, Maxwell had used hundreds of millions of pounds from his companies' pension funds to shore up the shares of the Mirror Group, to save his companies from bankruptcy.
796:, combining a low retail price with plenty of competitions, prizes and promotional gimmicks", and the first British paper to sell a million copies a day. It was, from the outset, a newspaper for women, being the first to provide features especially for them, and is the only British newspaper whose readership is more than 50% female, at 53%.
859:(1883-1968)–became the dominant figures in the inter-war press. In 1937, for instance, they owned nearly one in every two national and local daily papers sold in Britain, as well as one in every three Sunday papers that were sold. The combined circulation of all their newspapers amounted to over thirteen million.
534:
In 1802 and 1815 the tax on newspapers was increased to three pence and then four pence. Unable or unwilling to pay this fee, between 1831 and 1835 hundreds of untaxed newspapers made their appearance. The political tone of most of them was fiercely revolutionary. Their publishers were prosecuted but
1024:
recommended in 1949 that a
General Council of the Press should be formed to govern the behaviour of the print media. In response to a threat of statutory regulation, the voluntary General Council of the Press was formed in 1953, funded by newspaper proprietors. Membership was initially restricted to
409:
to hold out against the tax. This doubt was proved justified in
December 1712 by its discontinuance. However, some of the existing journals continued production and their numbers soon increased. Part of this increase was attributed to corruption and political connections of its owners. Later, toward
804:
With literacy rising sharply, the rapidly growing demand for news led to changes in the physical size, visual appeal, heavy use of war reporting, brisk writing style, and an omnipresent emphasis on speedy reporting thanks to the telegraph. Critics noted how London was echoing the emerging New York
812:
Newspapers increasingly made their profit from selling advertising. In the 1850s and 1860s the ads appealed to the increasingly affluent middle-class that sought out a variety of new products. The advertisements announced new health remedies as well as fresh foods and beverages. The latest London
821:
After the war, the major newspapers engaged in a large-scale circulation race. The political parties, which long had sponsored their own papers, could not keep up, and one after another their outlets were sold or closed down. Sales in the millions depended on popular stories, with a strong human
430:
The 18th century saw the gradual development of the purely political journal side by side with those papers which were primarily devoted to news, domestic and foreign, and commerce. It was left to Steele and
Addison to develop the social side of journalism in their respective papers. In 1761 the
754:
From 1860 until around 1910 is considered a 'golden age' of newspaper publication, with technical advances in printing and communication combined with a professionalisation of journalism and the prominence of new owners. Newspapers became more partisan and there was the rise of new or yellow
414:
were made more stringent, yet the number of newspapers continued to rise. In 1753 the total number of copies of newspapers sold yearly in
Britain amounted to 7,411,757. In 1760 it had risen to 9,464,790 and in 1767 to 11,300,980. In 1776 the number of newspapers published in London alone had
63:
began publication in 1785 and became the leading newspaper of the early 19th century, before the lifting of taxes on newspapers and technological innovations led to a boom in newspaper publishing in the late 19th century. Mass education and increasing affluence led to new papers such as the
519:
By the early 19th century, there were 52 London papers and over 100 other titles. As stamp, paper and other duties were progressively reduced from the 1830s onwards (all duties on newspapers were gone by 1855) there was a massive growth in overall circulation as major events and improved
1226:
was first published on 7 October 1986. The paper was created at a time of fundamental change and attracted staff from the two
Murdoch broadsheets who had chosen not to move to the new headquarters in Wapping. Launched with the advertising slogan "It is. Are you?", and challenging
664:, first published on 26 May 1838, was a pioneer of popular journalism but was very closely linked to the fortunes of the movement and was out of business by 1852. At the same time there was the establishment of more specialised periodicals and the first cheap newspaper in the
939:. It was alleged that he played favourites, giving publicity to politicians he supported, and largely ignoring his enemies. Beaverbrook vehemently denied the allegations. Beaverbrook in 1929 launched a new political party to promote free trade within the British Empire. His
922:
denounced the media barons who had become his enemies by repeated
Kipling's words: "What proprietorship of these papers is aiming at is power, and power without responsibility—the prerogative of the harlot throughout the ages." Lord Beaverbrook owned the best-selling
56:
begins in the 17th century with the emergence of regular publications covering news and gossip. The relaxation of government censorship in the late 17th century led to a rise in publications, which in turn led to an increase in regulation throughout the 18th century.
639:
in response to the "unblushing subservience" of competing newspapers to the
Edinburgh establishment. The paper was pledged to "impartiality, firmness and independence". Its modern editorial line is firmly anti-independence. After the abolition of newspaper
344:. The 76th issue of the original paper contained a paragraph mentioning the House of Lords, for which the publisher was told he would have to pay a fine. He preferred to discontinue his publication instead. In 1726 he in part revived it, under the title of
427:'s main daily newspapers, published Monday to Saturday. It is the oldest English-language general daily newspaper still in publication in the world, having first been printed in 1737. Originally published three times weekly, it became daily in 1855.
1205:
By 1988, nearly all the national newspapers had abandoned Fleet Street to relocate in the
Docklands, and had begun to change their printing practices to those being employed by News International. Even though the last major British news office,
1192:. It pioneered computer photosetting and full-colour offset printing at a time when national newspapers were still using Linotype machines and letterpress. Established national newspapers converted to electronic production and colour printing.
1016:
causing "considerable public indignation against sections of the press." They closed by advising "the formation of a Press
Tribunal to address complaints, and a Press Institute to provide continuous scientific study of the Press."
530:
from 1788. This was the most significant newspaper of the first half of the 19th century, but from around 1860 there were a number of more strongly competitive titles, each differentiated by its political biases and interests.
1422:
research found that people in the United Kingdom trusted the written press least of any European country, by a considerable margin. Within the United Kingdom the written press was trusted less than television and the radio.
398:
was proposed in 1711. The duty eventually imposed in 1712 was a halfpenny on papers of half a sheet or less and a penny on newspapers that ranged from half a sheet to a single sheet in size. Jonathan Swift expressed in his
705:
became the organ of the middle class and could claim the largest circulation in the world in 1890. It held a consistent Liberal Party allegiance until opposing Gladstone's foreign policy in 1878 when it turned Unionist.
1408:
During the early 21st century, newspaper circulation dropped rapidly. The sector's advertising revenues fell 15% during 2015 alone, with estimates of a further 20% drop over the course of 2016. ESI ceased print of
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had to pay the state more than ÂŁ68,000 in taxes. After the reduction of the stamp tax in 1836 from four pence to one penny, the circulation of English newspapers rose from 39,000,000 to 122,000,000 by 1854.
813:
fashions were featured in the regional press. The availability of repeated advertising permitted manufacturers to develop nationally known brand names that had a much stronger appeal than generic products.
158:
At the beginning of the 17th century, the right to print was strictly controlled in England. This was probably the reason why the first newspaper in the English language was printed in Rome by
1178:
government's trade union legislation to allow employers to de-recognise unions, enabling the company to use an alternative workforce and new technology in newspaper production. He launched
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that year- the newspaper having suffered a 94% drop in sales from its peak in the 1980s. The decline of the newspaper industry has been linked to the rise of internet usage in Britain.
822:
interesting theme, as well as detailed sports reports with the latest scores. Serious news was a niche market and added very little to the circulation base. The niche was dominated by
904:
from Berlin that warned of warmongering were rewritten in London to support the appeasement policy. In March 1939, however, it reversed course and called for urgent war preparations.
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135:. Even when news periodicals emerged, many of these co-existed with them. A news periodical differs from these mainly because of its periodicity. The definition for 17th century
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in 1962, with 20 per cent lay members. The council had a non-binding regulatory framework with the stated aim of maintaining high standards of ethics in journalism. In 1980 the
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was long the most influential prestige newspaper, although far from having the largest circulation. It gave far more attention to serious political and cultural news. In 1922,
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movement and of UK industrial relations. It started on 24 January 1986 when some 6,000 newspaper workers went on strike after protracted negotiation with their employers,
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in November 2012, which reviewed the general culture and ethics of the British media, and made recommendations for a new, The independent, body to replace the existing
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celebrated the tabloid's first anniversary by publishing a photograph of a model in the nude sitting in a field with one of her breasts visible from the side. The
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tabloids also began publishing images of topless women. The Mirror stopped featuring topless models in the 1980s, deeming the photographs demeaning to women.
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escalated the demand for news. News pamphlets or books reported the war, often supporting one side or the other. A number of publications arose after the
172:, they reverted to the pamphlet format used by contemporary books. The publication of these newsbooks was suspended between 1632 and 1638 by order of the
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gradually began to feature Page Three girls in more overtly topless poses. Although these photographs caused controversy at the time, and led to the
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the following year. Levy produced it as the first penny newspaper in London. His son, Edward Lawson soon became editor, a post he held until 1885.
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was a judicial public inquiry into the British press; a series of public hearings were held throughout 2011 and 2012. The Inquiry published the
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98:, the traditional home of the British national press since the 18th century. By the early 21st century newspaper circulation began to decline.
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The increasing popularity and influence of newspapers was problematic to the government of the day. The first bill in parliament advocating a
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Rachel Matthews, "The emergence of the news paradigm in the English provincial press: A case study of the Midland Daily Telegraph."
918:. The largely lower-middle-class readership wanted entertainment not political guidance. In 1931 Conservative former prime minister
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as a penny daily paper. It describes itself as "the national newspaper of Wales" (originally "the national newspaper of Wales and
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1959:
1381:, and exercising improper influence in the pursuit of publishing stories. Advertiser boycotts contributed to the closure of the
441:, and his campaign for increased freedom of the press that, in 1772 the right to publish parliamentary reports was established.
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and several other newspapers. Maxwell was litigious against those who would speak or write against him. The satirical magazine
77:. Many papers published more popular stories, including sports and other features, in an attempt to boost circulation. In 1969
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2017:
1945:
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1142:). News International had built and clandestinely equipped a new printing plant for all its titles in the London district of
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lampooned him as "Cap'n Bob" and the "bouncing Czech", the latter nickname having originally been devised by Prime Minister
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between 5 May and 8 November 1975. It was hailed as Britain's first worker-controlled, mass-circulation daily, formed as a
726:
was published weekly until 1971 when it became monthly; bimonthly from 1989; and then quarterly before publication ceased.
951:
By the 1930s, over two-thirds of the population read a newspaper every day, with "almost everyone" taking one on Sundays.
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Ryan J. Thomas, and Teri Finneman, "Who watches the watchdogs? British newspaper metadiscourse on the Leveson Inquiry."
1255:. It lasted from 11 May 1990 until December 1998. The circulation peaked at 180,000, over half of which was British. The
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2834:(Special Issue: The Historiography of the Media in the United Kingdom) (2012) 18#3-4, DOI: 10.1080/13688804.2012.723492
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being banned from some public libraries, they are partly credited with the increased circulation that established the
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photographs over the following year were often provocative, but did not feature nudity. On 17 November 1970, editor
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978:
969:
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Consolidation was rampant, as local dailies were bought up and added to chains based in London. James Curran and
327:
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started in 1710 as the chief Conservative political mouthpiece, which enjoyed as its most influential contributor,
1784:
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Beverley Ann Tudor, "Retail Trade Advertising in the 'Leicester Journal' and the 'Leicester Chronicle' 1855-71."
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319:. Swift had control of the journal for 33 issues between November 1710 and June 1711, but once he became dean of
123:
During the 17th century there were many kinds of news publications that told both the news and rumours, such as
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O'Malley, Tom. "History, Historians and of the Writing of Print and Newspaper History in the UK c. 1945–1962,"
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bought the newspaper in 1992, investing an estimated $ 110 million and in 1996 transforming it into a high-end
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as one of the most popular newspapers in the United Kingdom by the mid-1970s. In an effort to compete with the
545:
A number of press directories listing newspapers and periodicals were published in the 19th century, including
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as a newspaper of record, it reached a circulation of over 400,000 in 1989. Competing in a moribund market,
570:, Scotland. It had five daily editions for Dundee, Fife, Perth and Angus. It was established in 1801 as the
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ceased publication on 17 November 1995, the first long-running national newspaper title to close since the
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was Britain's first daily newspaper aimed at the newly literate "lower-middle class market resulting from
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981:(CPGB). is a left-wing British daily tabloid newspaper with a focus on social and trade union issues.
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1146:, and when the print unions announced a strike it activated this new plant with the assistance of the
261:
had been started as a daily paper (actually the first in London), but only four numbers appeared. The
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Adrian Bingham, "'An Organ of Uplift?' The popular press and political culture in interwar Britain."
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came to an end in 1713. Between 1716 and 1720 he published a monthly newspaper with old style title,
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mode of newspaper production was supplanted in the 1970s and 1980s by the cleaner, more economical
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The Americanization of the British Press, 1830s-1914: Speed in the Age of Transatlantic Journalism
215:, but the act's lapses from 1679 to 1685 and from 1695 onwards encouraged a number of new titles.
176:. After they resumed publication, the era of these newsbooks lasted until the publication of the
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style of journalism. The new news writing style first spread to the provincial press through the
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Linotype operators preparing hot-metal type 'slugs' to be assembled in columns and pages by hand
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Aspinall, Arthur. "Statistical Accounts of the London Newspapers in the Eighteenth Century,"
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2007:
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was unusual in maintaining this format until 1992, before adopting the headline-news format.
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1833:"Nineteenth-Century Newspaper Press Directories: The National Gallery of the British Press"
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by 500 of the 1,846 journalists, photographers, engineers, and print workers who were made
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338:, which had but a brief existence in its initial form, but was the precursor of the modern
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231:'s first but short-lived newspaper. Only 12 editions were published during 1660 and 1661.
8:
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1957:
Minutes of the Welsh Local Government Association Co-ordinating Committee, 26 March 2004
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had little success; Beaverbrook quickly lost interest, and the new party soon vanished.
549:, May's handbooks and guides, Deacon's Newspaper Handbook and the Handy Newspaper List.
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From Grub Street to Fleet Street: An Illustrated History of English Newspapers to 1899
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on Tuesday 4 March 1986, as a middle-market tabloid, a rival to the long-established
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257:(11 March 1702–1703) was the first successful daily newspaper in London. In 1695 the
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The March of Journalism: The Story of the British Press from 1622 to the Present Day
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574:. Like most papers the entire front page was devoted to classified advertisements;
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gives an insider's account of what to look for in British newspaper content. From
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377:(1701). The paper was produced twice weekly for five years, then continued as the
162:
around 1620. This followed the style established by Veseler's earlier Dutch paper
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2648:"Survey finds that UK written press is (by some way) the least trusted in Europe"
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Hampton, Mark. "Journalists' Histories of Journalism: Britain since the 1950s."
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Power Without Responsibility: The Press, Broadcasting, and New Media in Britain
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1302:(under whom Maxwell was an MP). Maxwell took out several libel actions against
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There were twelve London newspapers and 24 provincial papers by the 1720s. The
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1886:"The Scotsman Archive – 25 January 1817 (page 1 of 8) – The Scotsman launched"
782:. It became Britain's second biggest-selling daily newspaper, outsold only by
239:
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emerging at the end of the 19th century, aimed at lower middle-class readers.
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Power Without Responsibility: Press, Broadcasting and the Internet in Britain
1937:
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Hack Attack: The Inside Story of How the Truth Caught Up with Rupert Murdoch
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In the early 20th century, the British press was dominated by a few wealthy
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The Rise and Fall of the Political Press in Britain: The Twentieth Century
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The Rise and Fall of the Political Press in Britain: The Twentieth Century
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All the world and her husband: women in twentieth-century consumer culture
1848:
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printing process elsewhere, the Murdoch papers in common with the rest of
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began publishing photographs of clothed glamour models on its third page.
282:, which was eventually printed three times a week and was a forerunner of
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sparked a general freshening of newspaper design as well as a price war.
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withdrew from membership. In 1991, the Press Council was replaced by the
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41:
2708:
Dictionary of nineteenth-century journalism in Great Britain and Ireland
1658:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 554.
410:
the middle of the same century, the provisions and the penalties of the
373:. It was one of the country's first regional papers, second only to the
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714:, founded in 1842, was the world's first illustrated weekly newspaper.
491: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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The News Revolution in England: Cultural Dynamics of Daily Information
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1832:
1138:(parent of Times Newspapers and News Group Newspapers, and chaired by
759:). Socialist and labour newspapers also proliferated and in 1912 the
101:
In the early 2010s many British newspapers were implicated in a major
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4567:
4517:
4475:
4438:
4387:
4289:
4240:
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and the newspaper of the Crown. Publication was controlled under the
185:
The control over printing relaxed greatly after the abolition of the
59:
3572:
List of semi-national / regional analogue and digital radio stations
2792:
Walker, Robin B. "The newspaper press in the reign of William III."
1123:
closed its printing operations in Scotland and moved to Manchester.
997:) is a Welsh language national weekly paper first published in 1932.
677:
466:
4940:
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4507:
4495:
4367:
4049:
3989:
3860:
3777:
3762:
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2251:
Frank McDonough, "The Times, Norman Ebbut and the Nazis, 1927-37."
2070:
1315:
656:
366:
228:
136:
124:
1711:
Newspaper History: From the Seventeenth Century to the Present Day
91:. Within a few years the Sun was the UK's most popular newspaper.
5055:
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5000:
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4577:
4539:
4443:
4382:
4299:
4039:
4034:
3913:
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3737:
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2240:
The Times and Appeasement: The Journals of A L Kennedy, 1932-1939
2061:
Edmo nd D. Coblentz, University of California Press, 1954 page 88
1643:
1319:
1215:
1207:
1143:
1106:
989:
736:
632:
2746:
Politics and the Rise of the Press: Britain and France 1620-1800
270:
The first English journalist to achieve national importance was
5111:
4377:
4137:
3976:
3875:
2976:
1158:
continued to be produced by the hot-metal and labour-intensive
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567:
169:
168:
However, when the English started printing their own papers in
128:
88:
649:
369:. Its first issue was dated 14-19 Feb 1705 and was sold for a
5179:
4490:
4372:
3898:
3870:
3865:
3823:
3669:
2732:
Newspaper History from the Seventeenth Century to the Present
1709:
Boyce, George; Curran, James; Wingate, Pauline, eds. (1978).
1148:
Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union
843:
after the death of Lord Northcliffe in 1922, four men, Lords
627:
was launched in 1817 as a liberal weekly newspaper by lawyer
615:
into a world-famous newspaper in the 1890s. It is now called
370:
5218:
Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and Theatre Union
2096:
1170:'s Messenger group, in a long-running and bitter dispute at
520:
communications developed the public's need for information.
449:, first published on 4 December 1791, was the world's first
348:, published at first weekly, it would later become a daily.
5070:
5050:
4527:
4416:
4104:
3903:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3795:
3772:
1400:, which would be recognised by the state through new laws.
1373:. Employees of the newspaper were convicted of engaging in
1338:
155:
in 1605, is usually regarded as the first news periodical.
2337:
Minor Parties at British Parliamentary Elections 1885–1974
1270:
By the 1980s Robert Maxwell's various companies owned the
87:
as a tabloid and soon added pictures of topless models on
4995:
4930:
4532:
4433:
3850:
3403:
2882:
2366:"Monitoring the popular press: an historical perspective"
1788:
1323:
2967:
UK national newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals
2498:"Pink News five years on: 'revenue could rise ten-fold'"
25:. For information about current British newspapers, see
2699:
Boyce, George, James Curran, and Pauline Wingate, eds.
2289:
2198:
2034:
Milestones in 20th Century Newspaper history in Britain
590:
periodical founded in 1814 by the clergyman and writer
437:
came out and it was largely a result of its publisher,
243:
This plaque in London marks the publication in 1702 of
3708:
2811:
Read All About it: a History of the British Newspaper
2368:. United Kingdom: History & Policy. Archived from
1977:"First official figures give The Sun Sunday 3.2m circ"
1130:
was a significant turning point in the history of the
149:
Relation aller FĂĽrnemmen und gedenckwĂĽrdigen Historien
94:
In the 1980s national newspapers began to move out of
2899:
History of British Newspapers – The Newspaper Society
2804:
The English Newspaper: An Illustrated History to 1900
1696:
Read All About It: a History of the British Newspaper
1582:"The previous incarnations of the Caledonian Mercury"
718:, its art editor for thirty years, published in 1885
693:
was first published on 29 June 1855 and was owned by
2629:"Fleet Street rivals join forces to combat slowdown"
1562:"as The Oxford Gazette November 1665 issue 1 page 1"
1263:
format oriented at the business community edited by
524:
began life in 1785 and was later to become known as
2847:
Concise History of the British Newspaper Since 1620
2450:. Media skills. Taylor & Francis. p. 205.
2359:
2357:
267:was started by Henry Woodfall in the 18th century.
2596:
1708:
1385:on 10 July 2011, ending 168 years of publication.
747:"), although it has a very limited circulation in
334:" of commerce, started a thrice a week newspaper,
1117:in April 1974 by Beaverbrook Newspapers when the
765:was launched as the first daily newspaper of the
323:in Dublin, he gave up regular journalistic work.
143:is that they are published at least once a week.
5441:
2725:Journalism in Britain: A Historical Introduction
2354:
603:was founded in Manchester in 1821 by a group of
4896:
2953:
2489:
5315:
2384:
2333:
1940:, Menna Baines and Peredur Lynch (2008) pg615
1774:, 13 December 2004, accessed 25 September 2006
648:was relaunched as a daily newspaper priced at
278:for a political offence, he began his weekly,
2939:
2464:
1968:
385:began publication, and it survived until the
2077:, Continuum International Publishing Group,
2071:Margaret R. Andrews, Mary M. Talbot (2000),
2064:
2025:
2005:
1486:
1484:
1344:
1318:was established. It is targeted towards the
381:until April 1720. Later that same year, the
203:(first published on 18 November 1665 as the
5465:History of mass media in the United Kingdom
5208:British Academy of Film and Television Arts
4841:Edinburgh International Television Festival
2639:
2537:
1761:Research guide: Irish news & newspapers
1150:(EETPU). Despite the widespread use of the
23:History of journalism in the United Kingdom
21:For the context of journalism history, see
5450:Newspapers published in the United Kingdom
5165:Culture, Media, and Sport Select Committee
2946:
2932:
2739:A History of the London Gazette, 1665-1965
2472:"Journalism news and jobs for journalists"
1365:and other British newspapers published by
1025:newspaper editors but was reformed as the
741:John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute
405:on 7 August 1712, doubt in the ability of
2598:"Trinity Mirror aims to avoid Brexit hit"
2116:
2059:Newsmen speak: journalists on their craft
1481:
507:Learn how and when to remove this message
165:Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c.
5175:Independent Press Standards Organisation
3696:
2691:Newspapers and English Society 1695-1855
2645:
2436:Friday, 17 November 2000 – BBC News – UK
2125:"Women readers: the never-ending search"
2090:
1999:
1934:The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales
1910:
1785:Your place and mine: Belfast News Letter
1748:Newspapers, Politics and English Society
1693:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1470:period, favoured by the Parliament side.
1433:List of newspapers in the United Kingdom
1403:
1359:is an ongoing controversy involving the
1357:News International phone hacking scandal
1351:News International phone hacking scandal
983:
953:
676:
668:(1855), later to be known simply as the
238:
31:
27:List of newspapers in the United Kingdom
5268:United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting
5170:Department for Culture, Media and Sport
3567:List of local commercial radio stations
3208:List of magazines in the United Kingdom
2706:Brake, Laurel, and Marysa Demoor, eds.
2363:
1818:British Newspapers: A History and Guide
1800:
1314:In 2005, the UK-based online newspaper
892:was closely allied with Prime Minister
722:, a history of illustrated newspapers.
274:. On 19 February 1704, whilst still in
111:after 168 years of publication and the
5455:Cultural history of the United Kingdom
5442:
4791:Television Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne
4620:BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House
2445:
1745:
1515:
594:, the first Welsh-language newspaper.
5314:
5081:Paramount Networks UK & Australia
4895:
3695:
3233:
2965:
2927:
2609:from the original on 10 December 2022
2097:Hugo de Burgh, Paul Bradshaw (2008),
1830:
1824:
1630:
1608:"Rare Books Collections - Newspapers"
1251:", was a weekly newspaper founded by
607:businessmen. Its most famous editor,
330:, the virtual founder of the famous "
5155:British Board of Film Classification
2495:
2122:
1815:
489:adding citations to reliable sources
460:
5289:National Film and Television School
4946:Channel Four Television Corporation
3234:
1974:
1162:method, rather than being composed
652:and a circulation of 6,000 copies.
13:
5243:Federation Against Copyright Theft
5117:List of largest UK book publishers
4776:New Broadcasting House, Manchester
4265:Narrative Entertainment UK Limited
2669:
2418:Page Three girls – the naked truth
2199:James Curran; Jean Seaton (2009).
1516:Tobitt, Charlotte (14 June 2018).
14:
5476:
5294:National Science and Media Museum
5091:The Walt Disney Company (UK) Ltd.
3622:List of student and schools radio
2838:
2817:
2646:Ponsford, Dominic (26 May 2017).
2545:"Phone-hacking scandal: Timeline"
2320:Anne Chisholm and Michael Davie,
2123:Cole, Peter (18 September 2005).
1541:World Association of Newspapers:
1249:Europe's first national newspaper
900:in 1938. Candid news reports by
888:of Hitler's demands. Its editor
247:as London's first daily newspaper
5424:
5423:
4976:Global Media & Entertainment
3617:List of satellite radio stations
3562:List of community radio stations
3505:List of BBC Local Radio stations
3213:List of magazines by circulation
2677:A History of British journalism
2300:. Psychology Press. p. 37.
2158:Journal of Historical Pragmatics
1458:, an 18th-century hoax newsbook.
1218:for the British national press.
1040:When he relaunched the flagging
979:Communist Party of Great Britain
465:
105:which led to the closure of the
5135:Advertising Standards Authority
3594:List of hospital radio stations
2621:
2589:
2576:
2563:
2516:
2500:. Press Gazette. Archived from
2439:
2427:
2410:
2327:
2314:
2283:
2270:
2261:
2253:Journal of Contemporary History
2245:
2232:
2219:
2192:
2176:
2163:
2150:
2137:
2052:
1950:
1927:
1904:
1878:
1809:
1803:A History of British Journalism
1794:
1777:
1754:
1739:
1702:
1492:"History of British newspapers"
1309:
1010:Political and Economic Planning
946:
816:
778:was first published in 1896 by
552:
476:needs additional citations for
456:
234:
118:
4821:Television in Northern Ireland
4796:Television Centre, Southampton
4660:Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)
1687:
1662:
1600:
1574:
1554:
1543:"Newspapers: 400 Years Young!"
1535:
1509:
1440:, the newsboys who sold papers
1:
5253:National Union of Journalists
5213:British Phonographic Industry
5149:Board of Governors of the BBC
2919:The National Library of Wales
2770:News and Journalism in the UK
2496:Luft, Oliver (28 July 2010).
2171:European Journal of Marketing
2037:, Eurocosm UK, archived from
1713:. Communication and society.
1474:
1231:for centre-left readers, and
1105:daily newspaper published in
1031:National Union of Journalists
1022:Royal Commission on the Press
683:Daily Telegraph & Courier
391:came into existence in 1873.
54:history of British newspapers
5248:Independent Publishers Guild
4951:Daily Mail and General Trust
2730:George Boyce, James Curran.
2364:Bingham, Adrian (May 2005).
1837:Victorian Periodicals Review
1791:, accessed 25 September 2006
1612:National Library of Scotland
1369:, a subsidiary of Murdoch's
1050:format on 17 November 1969,
562:is a newspaper published by
547:Mitchell's Press Directories
522:The Daily Universal Register
7:
5096:Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA
4897:Companies and organisations
4736:Broadcasting House, Cardiff
4650:Broadcasting House, Bristol
4645:Broadcasting House, Belfast
3675:Most listened to programmes
2955:Media in the United Kingdom
2827:(2012) 118#3-4 pp: 327–340.
1801:Andrews, Alexander (2011).
1426:
1420:European Broadcasting Union
1398:Press Complaints Commission
1341:) in the UK and worldwide.
1035:Press Complaints Commission
1003:Report on the British Press
973:was founded in 1930 as the
724:The Illustrated London News
711:The Illustrated London News
666:Daily Telegraph and Courier
10:
5481:
5316:Regional and student media
5258:The Publishers Association
4459:Restricted Service Licence
3604:Restricted Service Licence
2147:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2011)
1348:
1214:continues to be used as a
896:, and pushed hard for the
681:1855 first edition of the
572:Dundee Courier & Argus
20:
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5390:
5325:
5321:
5310:
5276:
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5125:
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4720:Television Centre, London
4607:
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3884:
3832:
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3257:
3246:
3242:
3229:
3198:
3111:
3077:
3036:
2995:
2972:
2961:
2684:English Historical Review
2424:Online, 14 September 2004
2205:. Routledge. p. 72.
1518:"National newspaper ABCs"
1345:The phone hacking scandal
1210:, left in 2005, the term
941:Empire Free Trade Crusade
828:and, to a lesser extent,
619:and published in London.
383:Edinburgh Evening Courant
16:Dates to the 17th century
5263:Royal Television Society
4715:Space Studios Manchester
3665:Radio Independents Group
3302:BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra
2865:archives and history of
2586:(2014) 15#2 pp: 172-186.
2446:Keeble, Richard (2009).
2340:. Springer. p. 35.
2322:Lord Beaverbrook: a life
2280:(2013) 14#5 pp: 651-662.
2160:(2014) 15#2 pp: 165-186.
2100:Investigative journalism
1962:17 February 2012 at the
1915:Pulling Newspapers Apart
1715:Constable & Robinson
1694:Williams, Kevin (2010).
963:headlines on 7 July 2005
872:(1886-1971), son of the
799:
697:, who transferred it to
5185:Press Recognition Panel
4873:Most-watched broadcasts
4635:The Bottle Yard Studios
4231:Investigation Discovery
3424:Premier Christian Radio
2912:Welsh Newspapers Online
2719:excerpt and text search
2334:F. W. S. Craig (1975).
2267:Koss, 2:430-35, 473-75.
1746:Barker, Hannah (1999).
1670:"The Public Advertiser"
1655:Encyclopædia Britannica
1642:Chisholm, Hugh (1911).
1449:Welsh Newspapers Online
1174:had benefited from the
807:Midland Daily Telegraph
609:Charles Prestwich Scott
564:D. C. Thomson & Co.
321:St. Patrick's Cathedral
298:(started by Steele and
5160:British Film Institute
4921:Banijay UK Productions
4741:Dickenson Road Studios
4153:Warner Bros. Discovery
3515:BBC Radio nan GĂ idheal
3343:Absolute Radio Network
2796:17#4 (1974): 691–709.
2785:Sommerville, C. John.
2710:(Academia Press, 2009)
2448:Ethics for journalists
2434:Flirty not dirty at 30
2255:27#3 (1992): 407-424.
2173:20#9 (1986) pp: 41-56.
1911:Franklin, Bob (2008).
1831:Brake, Laurel (2015).
1496:News Media Association
1120:Scottish Daily Express
998:
964:
884:. The paper advocated
685:
248:
207:), the first official
115:into press standards.
81:bought and relaunched
49:
5460:History of newspapers
4986:Haymarket Media Group
4936:Bloomsbury Publishing
4675:The Maidstone Studios
4070:Sky Sports Box Office
2905:24 March 2011 at the
2009:News and news sources
2006:Paul Manning (2001),
1849:10.1353/vpr.2015.0055
1766:9 August 2007 at the
1548:10 March 2010 at the
1404:Declining circulation
987:
957:
769:and labour movement.
680:
644:in Scotland in 1855,
592:Joseph Harris (Gomer)
357:was published out of
242:
103:phone hacking scandal
35:
5031:Northern & Shell
4981:Guardian Media Group
4966:EMI Music Publishing
4956:Dentsu International
4926:Bauer Media Audio UK
4561:analogue terrestrial
3924:Comedy Central Extra
3698:Television in the UK
3658:Radio Academy Awards
3610:List of RSL stations
3020:The Sunday Telegraph
2853:4 March 2016 at the
2779:28 July 2012 at the
2762:28 July 2012 at the
2675:Andrews, Alexander.
2504:on 10 September 2012
1816:Lake, Brian (1984).
1466:—a newspaper of the
1455:The English Mercurie
1111:workers' cooperative
929:as well as London's
876:(1849-1919), bought
757:William Thomas Stead
485:improve this article
308:Mercurius Politicus.
220:Mercurius Caledonius
4781:Pebble Mill Studios
4771:MGM-British Studios
4690:Old Granada Studios
4356:digital terrestrial
3379:Greatest Hits Radio
3013:The Daily Telegraph
2238:Gordon Martel, ed.
1674:Library of Congress
1588:on 27 February 2014
1463:Perfect Occurrences
1098:Scottish Daily News
894:Neville Chamberlain
831:The Daily Telegraph
720:The Pictorial Press
703:The Daily Telegraph
690:The Daily Telegraph
613:Manchester Guardian
600:Manchester Guardian
5398:Student television
4868:Viewing statistics
4863:Student television
4801:Upper Boat Studios
4786:Teddington Studios
4766:The London Studios
4756:Lime Grove Studios
4680:Mailbox Birmingham
4665:Gas Street Studios
4640:Broadcasting House
4625:BBC Elstree Centre
4331:Amazon Prime Video
3638:Broadcasting House
3510:BBC Radio Scotland
3429:RNIB Connect Radio
3102:The Mail on Sunday
2794:Historical Journal
2686:63 (1948), 201–32.
2584:Journalism Studies
2278:Journalism Studies
1645:"Newspapers"
1567:The London Gazette
1367:News International
1136:News International
999:
965:
882:Northcliffe estate
874:1st Viscount Astor
686:
302:in 1711). Defoe's
249:
213:Licensing Act 1662
200:The London Gazette
50:
5437:
5436:
5415:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5353:Media in Scotland
5332:Media in England
5306:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5128:regulatory bodies
5016:News Broadcasting
5006:Narrative Capital
4887:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4809:
4808:
4761:Limehouse Studios
4751:The Hospital Club
4705:The Sharp Project
4695:Riverside Studios
4670:The Leeds Studios
4596:
4595:
4573:TalkTalk TV Store
4308:
4307:
4196:Discovery Science
4191:Discovery History
4186:Discovery Channel
4181:CNN International
4085:Sky Sports Racing
4015:Sky Documentaries
3687:
3686:
3683:
3682:
3580:
3579:
3478:
3477:
3317:BBC World Service
3312:BBC Asian Network
3307:BBC Radio 6 Music
3292:BBC Radio 4 Extra
3225:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3201:other periodicals
3194:
3193:
3157:Daily Star Sunday
3143:The Sunday People
2885:political editor
2877:Between the lines
2809:Williams, Kevin.
2802:Williams, Keith.
2748:(Routledge, 2008)
2737:Handover, P. M.
2701:Newspaper History
2573:(Macmillan, 2014)
2457:978-0-415-43074-6
2347:978-1-349-02346-2
2110:978-0-415-44144-5
2084:978-0-304-70152-0
2019:978-0-7619-5797-3
1946:978-0-7083-1953-6
1724:978-0-09-462300-2
1618:on 20 August 2010
1468:English Civil War
1383:News of the World
1362:News of the World
517:
516:
509:
415:increased to 53.
402:Journal to Stella
396:tax on newspapers
354:Edinburgh Courant
264:Public Advertiser
245:The Daily Courant
209:journal of record
191:English Civil War
108:News of the World
5472:
5427:
5426:
5323:
5322:
5312:
5311:
5228:Digital TV Group
4904:
4903:
4893:
4892:
4858:List of channels
4836:Defunct channels
4746:Fountain Studios
4630:BBC Pacific Quay
4605:
4604:
4481:Freesat from Sky
4469:List of channels
4429:local television
4405:List of channels
4361:List of channels
4321:
4320:
3721:
3720:
3706:
3705:
3693:
3692:
3520:BBC Radio Ulster
3493:
3492:
3322:BBC National DAB
3297:BBC Radio 5 Live
3255:
3254:
3244:
3243:
3231:
3230:
3027:The Sunday Times
2993:
2992:
2974:
2973:
2963:
2962:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2893:, September 2004
2845:British Library
2723:Conboy, Martin.
2689:Barker, Hannah.
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2600:
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2580:
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2530:
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2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
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2462:
2461:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2372:on 7 August 2011
2361:
2352:
2351:
2331:
2325:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2287:
2281:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2259:
2249:
2243:
2236:
2230:
2229:(1984) 2:516-17.
2223:
2217:
2216:
2196:
2190:
2189:(1984) 2:471-73.
2180:
2174:
2167:
2161:
2154:
2148:
2143:Joel H. Wiener,
2141:
2135:
2134:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2041:on 20 April 2008
2029:
2023:
2022:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1987:on 10 March 2012
1983:. Archived from
1975:Gazette, Press.
1972:
1966:
1954:
1948:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1647:
1639:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1614:. Archived from
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1584:. Archived from
1578:
1572:
1571:
1558:
1552:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1488:
1444:Online newspaper
1438:Newspaper hawker
1371:News Corporation
1257:Barclay brothers
960:Evening Standard
932:Evening Standard
898:Munich Agreement
870:John Jacob Astor
855:(1879-1954) and
780:Lord Northcliffe
755:journalism (see
637:Charles Maclaren
512:
505:
501:
498:
492:
469:
461:
451:Sunday newspaper
425:Northern Ireland
5480:
5479:
5475:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5440:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5407:
5386:
5317:
5298:
5272:
5200:
5194:
5127:
5121:
5100:
5086:Virgin Media O2
4961:Economist Group
4908:
4898:
4879:
4805:
4724:
4615:3 Mills Studios
4592:
4544:
4400:high-definition
4316:
4314:
4304:
4260:
4201:Discovery Turbo
4171:Cartoon Network
4147:
4143:U&Yesterday
4099:
4080:Sky Sports News
3971:
3880:
3828:
3782:
3712:
3710:
3700:
3679:
3643:FM broadcasting
3626:
3586:
3576:
3553:
3546:
3535:BBC Radio Cymru
3530:BBC Radio Wales
3525:BBC Radio Foyle
3487:
3485:
3474:
3465:Virgin Radio UK
3419:Magic Classical
3334:
3327:
3272:BBC Radio 1Xtra
3249:
3238:
3236:Radio in the UK
3217:
3200:
3190:
3107:
3073:
3032:
3006:Financial Times
2980:
2968:
2957:
2952:
2915:Digital archive
2907:Wayback Machine
2855:Wayback Machine
2841:
2820:
2781:Wayback Machine
2768:McNair, Brian.
2764:Wayback Machine
2672:
2670:Further reading
2667:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2644:
2640:
2635:. 19 June 2016.
2633:Financial Times
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2603:Financial Times
2595:
2594:
2590:
2581:
2577:
2568:
2564:
2554:
2552:
2549:BBC News Online
2543:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2507:
2505:
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2444:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2399:
2398:. 21 March 2005
2390:
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2266:
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2250:
2246:
2237:
2233:
2224:
2220:
2213:
2197:
2193:
2183:Stephen E. Koss
2181:
2177:
2168:
2164:
2155:
2151:
2142:
2138:
2130:The Independent
2121:
2117:
2111:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2053:
2044:
2042:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1973:
1969:
1964:Wayback Machine
1955:
1951:
1936:. John Davies,
1932:
1928:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1869:
1867:
1829:
1825:
1814:
1810:
1799:
1795:
1783:Ruth Johnston,
1782:
1778:
1768:Wayback Machine
1759:
1755:
1744:
1740:
1725:
1717:. p. 423.
1707:
1703:
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1500:
1498:
1490:
1489:
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1429:
1412:The Independent
1406:
1390:Leveson Inquiry
1353:
1347:
1312:
1280:, the Scottish
1237:The Independent
1223:The Independent
1128:Wapping dispute
1014:press intrusion
977:, organ of the
949:
920:Stanley Baldwin
890:Geoffrey Dawson
819:
802:
735:was founded in
671:Daily Telegraph
629:William Ritchie
555:
513:
502:
496:
493:
482:
470:
459:
420:The News Letter
237:
151:, published in
121:
113:Leveson Inquiry
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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5394:
5392:
5388:
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5375:Media in Wales
5372:
5371:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5329:
5327:
5326:Regional media
5319:
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5126:Government and
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5076:TalkTalk Group
5073:
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5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5041:Press Holdings
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5011:National World
5008:
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4325:
4318:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4284:
4282:Great! Romance
4279:
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4012:
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3987:
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3969:
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3956:
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3921:
3919:Comedy Central
3916:
3911:
3906:
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3896:
3890:
3888:
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3760:
3758:BBC Parliament
3755:
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3729:
3727:
3718:
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3689:
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3685:
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3329:
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3284:
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3269:
3263:
3261:
3252:
3240:
3239:
3227:
3226:
3223:
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3219:
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3023:
3016:
3009:
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2999:
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2970:
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2959:
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2950:
2943:
2936:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2909:
2895:
2873:
2857:
2840:
2839:External links
2837:
2836:
2835:
2828:
2819:
2818:Historiography
2816:
2815:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2790:
2783:
2766:
2751:Herd, Harold.
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2717:(2004)
2711:
2704:
2703:(London, 1978)
2697:
2687:
2680:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2638:
2620:
2588:
2575:
2562:
2551:. 12 July 2011
2536:
2515:
2488:
2463:
2456:
2438:
2426:
2409:
2383:
2353:
2346:
2326:
2313:
2306:
2290:James Curran;
2282:
2269:
2260:
2244:
2231:
2218:
2211:
2191:
2175:
2162:
2149:
2136:
2115:
2109:
2089:
2083:
2063:
2051:
2024:
2018:
1998:
1967:
1949:
1926:
1903:
1877:
1843:(4): 569–590.
1823:
1820:. p. 213.
1808:
1805:. p. 354.
1793:
1776:
1772:Boston College
1753:
1750:. p. 256.
1738:
1723:
1701:
1698:. p. 302.
1686:
1661:
1650:Chisholm, Hugh
1629:
1599:
1573:
1553:
1534:
1508:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1428:
1425:
1405:
1402:
1394:Leveson Report
1379:police bribery
1349:Main article:
1346:
1343:
1311:
1308:
1253:Robert Maxwell
1164:electronically
1140:Rupert Murdoch
1103:left-of-centre
1052:Rupert Murdoch
948:
945:
937:Sunday Express
861:
860:
818:
815:
801:
798:
794:mass education
605:non-conformist
588:Welsh language
554:
551:
515:
514:
473:
471:
464:
458:
455:
317:Jonathan Swift
300:Joseph Addison
290:Richard Steele
276:Newgate Prison
236:
233:
205:Oxford Gazette
179:Oxford Gazette
145:Johann Carolus
120:
117:
79:Rupert Murdoch
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5477:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5445:
5430:
5422:
5421:
5418:
5404:
5403:Student press
5401:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5391:Student media
5389:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
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5226:
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5201:trades bodies
5197:
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5190:S4C Authority
5188:
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4874:
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4859:
4856:
4852:
4851:List of years
4849:
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4319:
4311:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4277:Great! Movies
4275:
4273:
4272:Great! Action
4270:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4161:Animal Planet
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
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4119:
4116:
4114:
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4110:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4075:Sky Sports F1
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4025:Sky History 2
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
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3988:
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3897:
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3877:
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3807:
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3797:
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3694:
3690:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3653:Radio Academy
3651:
3649:
3646:
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3639:
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3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3434:Sound Digital
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3330:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3199:Magazines and
3197:
3187:
3186:
3185:Midweek Sport
3182:
3180:
3179:
3178:Weekend Sport
3175:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3129:Sunday Mirror
3126:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3088:Daily Express
3085:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3079:Middle-market
3076:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2842:
2833:
2832:Media History
2829:
2826:
2825:Media History
2822:
2821:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2744:Harris, Bob.
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2713:Clarke, Bob.
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2653:
2652:Press Gazette
2649:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2608:
2605:. July 2016.
2604:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2579:
2572:
2569:Nick Davies,
2566:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2525:
2519:
2503:
2499:
2492:
2477:
2476:Press Gazette
2473:
2467:
2459:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2430:
2423:
2419:
2416:Braid, Mary.
2413:
2397:
2393:
2392:"Pressing on"
2387:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2358:
2349:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2309:
2307:9780415243902
2303:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2273:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2222:
2214:
2212:9781135248581
2208:
2204:
2203:
2195:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2166:
2159:
2153:
2146:
2140:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2106:
2103:, Routledge,
2102:
2101:
2093:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2060:
2055:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2002:
1986:
1982:
1981:Press Gazette
1978:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1938:Nigel Jenkins
1935:
1930:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1907:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1786:
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1773:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1742:
1734:
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1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1697:
1690:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1538:
1523:
1522:Press Gazette
1519:
1512:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1480:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1375:phone hacking
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:Harold Wilson
1297:
1296:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1277:Sunday Mirror
1273:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1247:, billed as "
1246:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:Daily Express
1187:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1046:newspaper in
1045:
1044:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:Press Council
1023:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
996:
992:
991:
986:
982:
980:
976:
972:
971:
962:
961:
956:
952:
944:
942:
938:
934:
933:
928:
927:
926:Daily Express
921:
917:
916:
910:
907:Most of the "
905:
903:
902:Norman Ebbutt
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
866:
858:
854:
851:(1868-1940),
850:
847:(1879-1964),
846:
842:
841:
840:
838:
834:
832:
827:
826:
814:
810:
809:around 1900.
808:
797:
795:
791:
787:
786:
781:
777:
776:
770:
768:
764:
763:
758:
752:
750:
746:
745:Monmouthshire
742:
738:
734:
733:
727:
725:
721:
717:
716:Mason Jackson
713:
712:
707:
704:
700:
696:
695:Arthur Sleigh
692:
691:
684:
679:
675:
673:
672:
667:
663:
662:
661:Northern Star
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
601:
595:
593:
589:
585:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:
550:
548:
543:
540:
539:
532:
529:
528:
523:
511:
508:
500:
497:November 2022
490:
486:
480:
479:
474:This section
472:
468:
463:
462:
454:
452:
448:
447:
442:
440:
436:
435:
428:
426:
422:
421:
416:
413:
408:
407:The Spectator
404:
403:
397:
392:
390:
389:
384:
380:
379:Scots Courant
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
355:
349:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
296:
295:The Spectator
292:in 1709) and
291:
287:
286:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
265:
260:
256:
255:
254:Daily Courant
246:
241:
232:
230:
227:in 1660, was
226:
222:
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:
196:
192:
189:in 1641. The
188:
183:
181:
180:
175:
171:
167:
166:
161:
160:Joris Veseler
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
116:
114:
110:
109:
104:
99:
97:
92:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
71:
69:
68:
62:
61:
55:
47:
43:
39:
34:
28:
24:
19:
5199:Industry and
4583:Real Digital
4518:Virgin Media
4221:Food Network
4065:Sky Showcase
3995:Sky Atlantic
3968:Nick Jr. Too
3768:BBC Scotland
3599:Pirate radio
3554:/ commercial
3440:Smooth Radio
3399:Kiss Network
3358:Capital Xtra
3335:/ commercial
3183:
3176:
3171:Sunday Sport
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3136:Morning Star
3134:
3127:
3122:Daily Mirror
3120:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3068:The Observer
3066:
3061:The Guardian
3059:
3052:
3045:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2982:
2898:
2891:The Guardian
2881:
2876:
2871:The Observer
2867:The Guardian
2861:
2846:
2831:
2824:
2810:
2803:
2793:
2786:
2769:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2655:. Retrieved
2651:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2602:
2591:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2565:
2553:. Retrieved
2548:
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2518:
2506:. Retrieved
2502:the original
2491:
2481:18 September
2479:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2447:
2441:
2429:
2412:
2400:. Retrieved
2395:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2370:the original
2336:
2329:
2324:(1993) p 458
2321:
2316:
2296:
2285:
2277:
2272:
2263:
2252:
2247:
2239:
2234:
2226:
2221:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2165:
2157:
2152:
2144:
2139:
2128:
2118:
2099:
2092:
2073:
2066:
2054:
2043:, retrieved
2039:the original
2033:
2027:
2008:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1985:the original
1980:
1970:
1952:
1933:
1929:
1914:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1890:The Scotsman
1889:
1880:
1868:. Retrieved
1840:
1836:
1826:
1817:
1811:
1802:
1796:
1779:
1756:
1747:
1741:
1710:
1704:
1695:
1689:
1679:16 September
1677:. Retrieved
1673:
1664:
1653:
1620:. Retrieved
1616:the original
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1586:the original
1576:
1565:
1556:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1521:
1511:
1499:. Retrieved
1495:
1461:
1453:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1393:
1387:
1382:
1360:
1354:
1313:
1310:21st century
1303:
1293:
1287:
1283:Daily Record
1281:
1275:
1272:Daily Mirror
1271:
1269:
1248:
1244:The European
1242:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1229:The Guardian
1228:
1221:
1220:
1212:Fleet Street
1211:
1204:
1199:Daily Sketch
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1156:Fleet Street
1152:offset litho
1125:
1118:
1096:
1094:
1087:
1083:Daily Mirror
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1041:
1039:
1019:
1002:
1000:
995:The Welshman
994:
988:
975:Daily Worker
974:
970:Morning Star
968:
966:
958:
950:
947:Developments
936:
930:
924:
915:Daily Herald
914:
909:press barons
906:
877:
863:
862:
829:
823:
820:
817:20th century
811:
806:
803:
789:
783:
773:
771:
762:Daily Herald
760:
753:
732:Western Mail
730:
728:
723:
719:
709:
708:
702:
688:
687:
682:
669:
665:
659:
654:
646:The Scotsman
645:
624:The Scotsman
622:
621:
617:The Guardian
616:
612:
598:
596:
581:
580:
575:
571:
557:
556:
553:Major papers
544:
536:
533:
525:
521:
518:
503:
494:
483:Please help
478:verification
475:
457:19th century
446:The Observer
444:
443:
434:North Briton
432:
429:
418:
417:
406:
400:
393:
388:Evening News
386:
382:
378:
375:Norwich Post
352:
350:
346:Lloyd's List
345:
341:Lloyd's List
339:
336:Lloyd's News
335:
328:Edward Lloyd
325:
312:The Examiner
310:
307:
303:
293:
288:(started by
283:
279:
272:Daniel Defoe
269:
262:
258:
252:
250:
244:
235:18th century
218:
217:
204:
198:
197:, including
187:Star Chamber
184:
177:
174:Star Chamber
163:
157:
148:
122:
119:17th century
106:
100:
96:Fleet Street
93:
82:
75:press barons
72:
65:
58:
53:
51:
46:offset litho
18:
5284:BBC Academy
5238:Everyone TV
5142:(formerly:
5036:Pearson plc
4826:in Scotland
4685:MediaCityUK
4503:TalkTalk TV
4336:BBC iPlayer
4286:Great! Real
4216:Eurosport 2
4211:Eurosport 1
4133:U&Drama
4095:Sky Witness
4020:Sky History
3954:Nickelodeon
3552:Independent
3455:Times Radio
3436:(multiplex)
3370:(multiplex)
3368:Digital One
3333:Independent
3324:(multiplex)
3287:BBC Radio 4
3282:BBC Radio 3
3277:BBC Radio 2
3267:BBC Radio 1
2987:Circulation
2887:Andrew Marr
2508:21 December
2292:Jean Seaton
1919:. pp.
1896:20 December
1527:10 November
1501:10 November
1332:transgender
1304:Private Eye
1295:Private Eye
1289:Sunday Mail
1265:Andrew Neil
1132:trade union
886:appeasement
845:Beaverbrook
839:report:
837:Jean Seaton
767:trade union
749:North Wales
739:in 1869 by
699:Joseph Levy
611:, made the
583:Seren Gomer
576:The Courier
559:The Courier
439:John Wilkes
223:founded in
195:Restoration
42:letterpress
38:compositors
5444:Categories
5346:Manchester
5336:Birmingham
4971:Future plc
4710:Sky Campus
4700:Roath Lock
4454:Pop Player
4449:Paramount+
4422:STV Player
4256:TNT Sports
4176:Cartoonito
4128:U&Dave
4090:Sky Sports
4060:Sky Sci-Fi
4055:Sky Replay
4045:Sky Nature
4005:Sky Comedy
4000:Sky Cinema
3389:Hits Radio
3363:Classic FM
3348:BFBS Radio
3150:Daily Star
3095:Daily Mail
2997:Broadsheet
2978:Newspapers
2524:"PinkNews"
2376:9 December
1870:26 January
1622:25 January
1475:References
1186:Daily Mail
1172:Warrington
1089:Daily Star
1062:Larry Lamb
1020:The first
1007:think tank
1005:(from the
849:Rothermere
790:Daily Mail
775:Daily Mail
423:is one of
363:Midlothian
285:The Tatler
280:The Review
153:Strassburg
141:newspapers
67:Daily Mail
5223:Clearcast
5144:BBC Trust
5140:BBC Board
5105:Resources
5066:STV Group
5046:Reach plc
5026:Newsquest
4916:Ascential
4909:companies
4588:Top Up TV
4568:BBC Store
4486:On Demand
4476:Sky Group
4464:satellite
4346:Channel 4
4317:platforms
4290:Great! TV
4241:Quest Red
4166:Boomerang
4010:Sky Crime
3985:Challenge
3959:Nicktoons
3934:MTV Music
3894:Channel 5
3886:Paramount
3846:Channel 4
3834:Channel 4
3743:BBC Three
3709:Principal
3486:and local
3450:TalkRadio
3445:talkSPORT
3054:The Times
2860:Guardian
2657:13 August
1865:147287870
1857:1712-526X
1418:In 2017,
1335:community
1233:The Times
1202:in 1971.
1168:Eddy Shah
1115:redundant
880:from the
878:The Times
865:The Times
825:The Times
642:stamp tax
635:official
538:The Times
527:The Times
412:Stamp Act
359:Edinburgh
225:Edinburgh
182:in 1665.
137:newsbooks
125:pamphlets
60:The Times
5429:Category
5358:Aberdeen
4941:BT Group
4831:in Wales
4556:analogue
4523:FilmFlex
4508:TVPlayer
4395:Freeview
4388:Freesat+
4313:Services
4050:Sky News
4030:Sky Kids
3990:Sky Arts
3964:Nick Jr.
3939:MTV Hits
3861:E4 Extra
3778:CBeebies
3763:BBC Alba
3753:BBC News
3748:BBC Four
3711:channels
3587:stations
3488:stations
3484:Regional
3409:LBC News
3250:stations
3248:National
2903:Archived
2862:Newsroom
2851:Archived
2798:in JSTOR
2777:Archived
2760:Archived
2607:Archived
2529:28 April
2422:BBC News
2396:BBC News
2294:(2003).
2045:12 April
2012:, Sage,
1991:12 March
1960:Archived
1764:Archived
1592:15 April
1546:Archived
1427:See also
1328:bisexual
1316:PinkNews
1176:Thatcher
1160:Linotype
935:and the
657:Chartist
367:Scotland
326:In 1702
229:Scotland
48:process.
5380:Cardiff
5368:Glasgow
5056:Reuters
5021:News UK
5001:ITV plc
4991:Informa
4846:History
4729:Defunct
4608:Current
4601:Studios
4578:Film4oD
4549:Defunct
4540:YouView
4496:Sky+ HD
4444:Netflix
4383:Freesat
4368:Disney+
4351:digital
4324:Current
4300:Pop Max
4138:U&W
4040:Sky Mix
4035:Sky Max
3949:MTV 90s
3944:MTV 80s
3914:5Action
3909:5Select
3738:BBC Two
3733:BBC One
3540:Cymru 2
3470:Radio X
3394:Jazz FM
3353:Capital
3164:The Sun
3113:Tabloid
3038:Compact
2983:History
2772:(2003)
2695:excerpt
2693:(2000)
2555:16 July
2242:(2000).
1733:4664565
1652:(ed.).
1320:lesbian
1261:tabloid
1216:metonym
1208:Reuters
1144:Wapping
1107:Glasgow
1048:tabloid
1001:A 1938
990:Y Cymro
857:Kemsley
853:Camrose
785:The Sun
737:Cardiff
633:customs
332:Lloyd's
259:Postboy
133:ballads
129:posters
84:The Sun
40:. This
5363:Dundee
5341:London
5233:Equity
5112:Arqiva
4655:Dock10
4378:Freely
4246:Really
3977:Sky UK
3876:4seven
3648:Dock10
3606:(RSL)
3460:UCB UK
2813:(2010)
2806:(1977)
2789:(1996)
2774:online
2757:online
2755:1952.
2741:(1965)
2734:(1978)
2727:(2010)
2679:(2011)
2613:3 July
2454:
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2344:
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2257:online
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1101:was a
1080:, the
1057:Page 3
788:. The
586:was a
568:Dundee
304:Review
170:London
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5277:Other
5180:Ofcom
4907:Major
4814:Other
4373:EE TV
4341:cable
4236:Quest
4113:Alibi
3899:5Star
3871:More4
3866:Film4
3824:ITVBe
3670:RAJAR
3631:Other
3585:Other
3414:Magic
3384:Heart
2133:. UK.
1861:S2CID
1648:. In
1194:Today
1181:Today
800:Style
371:penny
5071:Syco
5051:RELX
4528:TiVo
4491:Sky+
4417:ITVX
4226:HGTV
4206:DMAX
4123:Gold
4118:Eden
4105:UKTV
3904:5USA
3819:ITV4
3814:ITV3
3809:ITV2
3796:ITV1
3773:CBBC
3715:List
3374:Gold
2869:and
2659:2018
2615:2016
2557:2011
2531:2015
2510:2011
2483:2011
2452:ISBN
2404:2010
2378:2010
2342:ISBN
2302:ISBN
2207:ISBN
2105:ISBN
2079:ISBN
2047:2008
2014:ISBN
1993:2012
1942:ISBN
1898:2009
1892:. UK
1872:2023
1853:ISSN
1729:OCLC
1719:ISBN
1681:2023
1624:2010
1594:2013
1529:2018
1503:2018
1388:The
1355:The
1339:LGBT
1330:and
1286:and
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1126:The
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967:The
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772:The
729:The
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631:and
597:The
351:The
139:and
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5061:Sky
4996:ITN
4931:BBC
4439:Now
4434:My5
4412:ITV
4315:and
4295:Pop
4251:TLC
3929:MTV
3851:S4C
3838:S4C
3804:UTV
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3788:ITV
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3497:BBC
3404:LBC
3259:BBC
2917:at
2883:BBC
1921:292
1845:doi
1789:BBC
1324:gay
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1074:Sun
1070:Sun
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