433:– the vote for both blacks and women. Blackwell served as secretary of this organization during its three-year existence. In the winter of 1866–67, Blackwell and Stone lectured together on universal suffrage and formed local Equal Rights Leagues in New York and New Jersey. They also traveled to Washington, D.C., to lobby Charles Sumner against inclusion of the word "male" in the proposed Fourteenth Amendment, which would penalize states for denying black suffrage but not woman suffrage. Unsuccessful in persuading Northern politicians to use this opportunity to extend the franchise to women, Blackwell published an open letter to Southern legislators titled "What the South Can Do," again arguing that woman suffrage was politically expedient no matter a party's (or in this case, a region's) goals or fears. Using estimated figures of a white male and female electorate and a black male and female electorate, he argued that the vote of white Southern women would counterbalance the combined vote of black men and women.
176:, England, the seventh of nine children of Samuel Blackwell and Hannah Lane Blackwell. Blackwell's father, a sugar refiner whose livelihood conflicted with his abolitionist principles, experimented with making beet sugar as an alternative to slave-grown cane sugar. In 1832, the family – including eight children and their father's sister Mary – emigrated to the United States. The family settled first in New York, where Blackwell's father established a sugar refinery and the ninth child was born, and then just outside New York in Jersey City. Blackwell's father took an interest in the nascent abolition movement. William Lloyd Garrison and other leaders of the movement were visitors in the family's home. Blackwell's eldest sister, Anna, participated in the emerging agitation for women's rights, attending the 1837 Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women and drafting its letter to John Quincy Adams thanking him for his support of women's right to petition.
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the mid-western states of
Indiana, Illinois, and western Ohio and Kentucky). She accepted, and he wrote to business acquaintances to engage halls and place newspaper notice while personally printing and mailing broadsides for posting. From mid-October 1853 through the first week of January 1854, Stone lectured on women's rights in more than ten cities in five states, including Cincinnati, Louisville, Indianapolis, St. Louis, and Chicago. Newspaper reports described her enthusiastic reception by the largest audiences ever assembled in some of the cities, as well as the deep influence she was having on those who heard her. During an intimate rendezvous before she returned east, Stone expressed not only her deep gratitude to Blackwell for making her success possible, but also a genuine affection. Nevertheless, she remained resolute about never placing herself in the legal position occupied by a married woman.
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lecture engagements for her in
Wisconsin, Indiana, and Ohio. In 1856, he lectured with her in the region around their summer residence in Viroqua, Wisconsin. In the winter of 1857, when the tax bill came for their newly purchased house in Orange, New Jersey, Stone refused to pay on the basis of "no taxation without representation." After submitting to a public auction of household items to pay the tax and attendant court costs, Blackwell and Stone lectured together in Orange on "Taxation without Representation." It was in these February 1858 speeches that Blackwell first argued that woman suffrage was politically expedient no matter a party's principles or goals: Enfranchising women, he said, would allow Republicans to more than double their influence toward abolishing slavery, the American Party to double the number of native-born voters, and Democrats to give votes to labor.
396:. Blackwell continued to dabble in business that interested him. In 1871 he was part of a presidential committee sent to Santo Domingo to explore commercial ramifications of a possible annexation, and even after annexation failed he continued to promote a model commercial base in the country. Blackwell continued to be keenly interested in developing a successful alternative to cane sugar as a means of combating slavery in the West Indies. After obtaining a patent for a new refining method, he established the Maine Sugar Beet Company in 1878. Although early in its operation he telegraphed Stone: "Beet sugar manufacture a success. Slavery in Cuba is doomed," he and his partners found it impossible to obtain the quantity of sugar beets to keep the enterprise going, and shut the operation down in 1882.
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the A.O. Moore
Company. Moore put Blackwell in charge of the "school libraries" enterprise, and in the spring of 1858 Blackwell established an office in Chicago from which he obtained endorsements, arranged publicity, corresponded with school officials in each of the state's one hundred counties, and hired agents to canvass the state. So successful was the venture that Blackwell contacted school officials in other states about introducing the books there and Moore doubled his salary to $ 3,000. The following year, Stone and their daughter accompanied him to Chicago, where the family lived for nine months while Blackwell managed the school libraries venture. When they returned in the fall of 1859, Moore's failing health forced him to sell the company, and Blackwell left as well.
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everything except the results of previous labors." Neither would have claim to lands belonging to the other, nor any obligation for the other's costs of holding them. While married and living together they would share earnings, but if they should separate, they would relinquish claim to the other's subsequent earnings. Each would have the right to will their property to whomever they pleased unless they had children. Blackwell advised Stone to secure all her money in the hands of a trustee for her benefit. Stone agreed to everything except the issue of marital support. She refused to be supported by
Blackwell and insisted on paying half of their mutual expenses. Despite Blackwell's strenuous objection, Stone remained adamant.
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conventions, at hearings before state legislatures and constitutional conventions, and at hearings before
Congressional committees. He and Stone worked together on several state campaigns, including Colorado in 1877 and Nebraska in 1882. After frail health kept Stone from traveling, Blackwell continued on without her, campaigning in Rhode Island in 1887 and South Dakota in 1890. One scholar characterized their work saying, "In the annals of the suffrage movement, Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell were as much a team as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony." Stone thanked Blackwell for the "abundant and unselfish work for women," saying, "Few men would have done it, leaving business, friends, pleasure for it."
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Garrison. Although Stone gladly accepted him as a friend, she rejected him as a suitor because she believed marriage would require her to surrender control over herself and prevent her from pursuing her chosen work. But
Blackwell, not having been rejected personally, determined to convince Stone that marriage to him would require sacrifice of neither individuality nor career. He maintained that a marriage based on equality would enable each of them to accomplish more than they could alone. He, too, wanted to work for the good of humanity, but believed he must wait until he had attained the freedom to command his own time and action—"pecuniary independence," which he expected to achieve in three years.
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payment on a farm in
Montclair, New Jersey, and traded more western land to purchase a neighboring tract. After their return from Illinois in September 1859, Blackwell opened a real estate business, through which, in addition to selling and trading for clients, he traded western land for eastern properties. In this way both he and Stone became owners of a string of rental properties. While they were "land rich," they were "cash poor," so to raise funds for tax and interest payments, Blackwell briefly sold kitchen stoves manufactured by fellow abolitionist Cornelius Bramhill and then, from 1862 to 1864, was bookkeeper for the sugar refining business of one of his father's former employees.
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chances for success were slim and devised a backup plan – persuading pro-suffrage delegates, if and when it became apparent a suffrage provision would fail, to push for a clause that would enable a future state legislature to extend suffrage to women by statute. Blackwell obtained endorsements for the strategy from leading politicians and judges in other states, traveled to the constitutional conventions, lobbied their leaders, got his resolution introduced, and was given a hearing at each one. Though the effort failed, North Dakota and
Montana came very close to adopting it.
201:, whose members discussed literature and debated issues of the day. He and fellow club member Ainsworth R. Spofford made business trips together, during which they relieved the tedium of slow travel by reading aloud to each other the works of Bacon, Shakespeare, Aristotle, and Plato. Through this club, whose early members included not only Spofford, who would become chief librarian of the Library of Congress, but also Rutherford B. Hayes and Salmon P. Chase, Blackwell formed lasting friendships with men who played prominent roles in the history of Ohio and the nation.
470:, which immediately came out as opposed to the Fifteenth Amendment. With no notice having been given that such a society was to be formed, their critics thus excluded, and no representation from state and local woman suffrage associations then in existence, many long-time suffragists did not view the organization as legitimately "national." The New England Woman Suffrage Association appointed a committee, headed by Stone, to call a convention to form a "truly national" woman suffrage organization with delegates from each state. The
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statute, he argued that such measures might be more readily gained than constitutional amendments, which after passage by a legislature had to then be ratified by the populace. He also noted that no constitutional amendment was required for
Congress to establish full woman suffrage in either the District of Columbia or the territories. Believing that achieving such measures would undercut arguments against women's voting and become a permanent wedge for full suffrage, he urged that "every point gained is a great step forward."
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return east, he and Stone turned their full attention to creating a demand for woman suffrage apart from the AERA's call for universal suffrage. After holding a series of woman's rights meetings across New Jersey, they called a state convention to form a state woman suffrage society. The object of the New Jersey Woman
Suffrage Association that formed in November 1867 with Lucy Stone as president was to use all available means to secure woman suffrage.
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selling books to farmers’ libraries, he developed a new venture for the company – selling a collection of books suitable as a basic library for district schools. After consulting with the Illinois superintendent of schools, he compiled a list of appropriate books, arranged for special terms from publishers, and obtained a contract from the state of Illinois authorizing the firm to sell to school districts. However, when the
489:, a weekly woman suffrage newspaper that became the organ of the American, New England, and Massachusetts woman suffrage associations. Henry Blackwell donated the first $ 1,000 of the $ 10,000 raised to start the paper, was one of three trustees under whom the joint stock company was incorporated, and was always the paper's largest shareholder. In 1872, both he and Stone became editors and thereafter edited the
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land trades over the next few years and the rental income they produced gave Blackwell, as his daughter termed it, a "competence" that enabled him "to devote himself fully to the progressive causes which he always had at heart." Around 1872, Stone told Francis J. Garrison in confidence that she and Blackwell could live on their income and thus "cheerfully give" their time and effort to the
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mounted a campaign opposing any suffrage amendment that did not enfranchise women – seen by many as overt opposition to the Fifteenth Amendment. Disagreement over that amendment divided the May 1869 convention of the AERA. The convention rejected resolutions opposing the Fifteenth Amendment, and when
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In the early years of Blackwell's marriage to Lucy Stone, he assisted her work whenever his business schedule permitted. In 1855, he lectured with her in and around Cincinnati during the summer, helped her manage the National Woman's Rights Convention held in Cincinnati that fall, and arranged winter
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Through correspondence over the summer, Blackwell and Stone discussed the nature and faults of the marriage institution and the benefits of a true, ideal marriage. Then, eager to demonstrate how he could help Stone accomplish more, Blackwell offered to arrange a lecture tour for her in the west (then
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In the spring of 1867, the AWSA received an appeal for help from Kansas, where voters would face two suffrage referendums in the fall: one for removing the word "male" from voter qualifications, along with one for removing the word "white." Blackwell and Stone left for Kansas in March and opened the
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In January 1856, Blackwell and his brother Sam sold their interests in the hardware company, and the entire family moved east. In October, Blackwell took a position with C. M. Saxton and Company, publisher of agricultural books. During his first year with the company, as he traveled through the west
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in St. Louis with the intent that he should become a lawyer. But financial difficulties forced him to return home and resume clerking. Around 1845, he became a partner in a flour mill business, in which he managed operations of three mills. Within a year he had made enough profit to purchase a small
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The AWSA campaigned widely for municipal and presidential suffrage, especially during the 1880s and 1890s. After the merger of the American and National wings in 1890, Blackwell was made chair of the united association's Committee on Presidential Suffrage. Before the woman suffrage amendment to the
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In the summer of 1864, Blackwell sold a large property whose proceeds allowed him to pay off all his debt, including the mortgage on a house he and brother George had purchased for their mother, as well as purchase property on Martha's Vineyard and invest a large sum in government bonds. Additional
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We believe that personal independence and equal human rights can never be forfeited except for crime; that marriage should be an equal and permanent partnership and so recognized by law; that until it is so recognized, married partners should provide against the radical injustice of present laws by
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All the Blackwell siblings had been imbued with a philosophy of personal improvement and working for the betterment of mankind, as well as a deep interest in literature, languages, music, and art. Possessing a special passion for literature, Henry Blackwell wrote poetry in his spare time and always
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Seeking a business in which he might achieve financial independence, Blackwell next tried sugar refining. When that failed, a visiting English cousin persuaded him to accept a loan with which he and brother Sam purchased half interest in a Cincinnati wholesale hardware business. In 1850, at the age
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After passage of the Fourteenth Amendment, Congressional Republicans began drafting a Fifteenth Amendment to explicitly prohibit states from denying the vote to black men. Again Blackwell and Stone traveled to Washington to lobby for the inclusion of woman suffrage, and again their efforts failed.
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After their return, Blackwell and Stone also addressed a committee of the Connecticut Legislature in support of removing the word "male" from the state constitution's voter qualifications. Blackwell served a second speaking stint in Kansas in the fall, during which defeat became apparent. Upon his
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threatened the firm's survival, Blackwell withdrew until the company could reorganize. During the interlude, he worked as a bookkeeper for the Vanderbilt steamship line. When he returned to the book company at the end of August 1857, Augustus Moore had taken sole ownership and the firm was renamed
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As the long-distance courtship continued, Blackwell shifted his arguments to how couples could shape their own marriages, regardless of society's laws. After nine additional months of correspondence and brief meetings, Blackwell met Stone in Pittsburgh for a clandestine three-day rendezvous, after
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Blackwell originated the AWSA's strategy of seeking partial suffrage by legislative action. Noting that state legislatures could establish women's right to both municipal suffrage (the right to vote in city elections) and presidential suffrage (the right to vote for presidential electors) through
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Wisconsin, which the government was selling on easy terms. As compensation, Blackwell received ten percent of the land he registered. By the time he married in the spring of 1855, Blackwell owned more than forty-eight hundred acres of Wisconsin land in addition to land he had purchased elsewhere.
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Blackwell also proposed that as part of their marriage ceremony, he would "renounce all the privileges which the law confers upon me which are not strictly mutual" and "pledge myself to never avail myself of them under any circumstances." The wedding took place at Stone's home in West Brookfield,
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In addition to financial independence, Blackwell and Stone agreed that each would enjoy personal independence and autonomy: "Neither partner shall attempt to fix the residence, employment, or habits of the other, nor shall either partner feel bound to live together any longer than is agreeable to
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Henry B. Blackwell, the venerable advocate of equal suffrage, and husband of the late Lucy Stone Blackwell, has written to Mrs. Alexander Christie, President of the Woman's Political Study Club of Bayonne, recounting some interesting researches he has made of the early struggles of women for the
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destroyed remaining resources, the family moved to Cincinnati in 1838, where Blackwell's father intended to establish another refinery. However, within months of their arrival, he died, leaving the family destitute. Blackwell's mother, aunt, and three elder sisters opened a school in their home,
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At the AERA convention in May 1868, Stone presented two forms of petition to Congress, one for woman suffrage in the District of Columbia and territories, which could be established by an Act of Congress, and the second for a separate woman suffrage amendment to the federal Constitution. As the
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While acknowledging our mutual affection by publicly assuming the relationship of husband and wife, yet in justice to ourselves and a great principle, we deem it our duty to declare that this act on our part implies no sanction of or promise of voluntary obedience to such of the present laws of
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Another strategy Blackwell devised was aimed at constitutional conventions. In 1889 when the territories of North Dakota, Montana, and Washington began drafting state constitutions for entry into the Union, the AWSA mobilized to press for inclusion of woman suffrage. But Blackwell realized the
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When Lucy Stone married into the Blackwell family, she became an eager investor too but kept her purchases and accounts separate from her husband's. In 1857 they took equal ownership in a house in Orange, New Jersey, for which they traded western lands. They later sold the house to make a down
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Through continued correspondence the couple set the terms of a private agreement aimed at protecting Stone's financial independence and personal liberty. Blackwell proposed that their marriage be like a business partnership in monetary matters, with husband and wife being "joint proprietors of
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Blackwell was smitten by Lucy Stone when he heard her speak at an antislavery meeting in New York in May 1853, moving her audience to tears with what became known as her "fugitive mother" speech. He followed her to Massachusetts and obtained a formal letter of introduction from William Lloyd
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During the 1850s land boom, the entire Blackwell family were avid land speculators, purchasing land first in Illinois and later in Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota. In December 1853, a group of Cincinnati businessmen hired Blackwell to be their agent in purchasing 640-acre sections of land in
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in Boston. Through involvement in Republican politics, he obtained a strong endorsement of woman suffrage from the Massachusetts Republican Party in 1872. As one of the American wing's most effective orators, Blackwell spoke on organizing tours, before state and local suffrage meetings and
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and in December they helped organize state societies in Rhode Island and New Hampshire. Believing their best chance for winning an amendment to a state constitution lay in Massachusetts, Blackwell spearheaded a movement to form Liberty Leagues across the state – local organizations of male
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marriage as refuse to recognize the wife as an independent, rational being, while they confer upon the husband an injurious and unnatural superiority, investing him with legal powers which no honorable man should possess. We protest especially against the laws which give the husband:
809:"The Literary Club of Cincinnati, 1849-1903: Constitution, Catalogue of Members, etc." The Literary Club of Cincinnati, 1903, pp. 8, 34, 29; Jones, Robert Ralston, "Papers Read before the Literary Club Historians Evening, 1921 and 1922," Literary Club of Cincinnati, 1922, pp. 8, 12.
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Stone to Francis J. Garrison, , cited in Million, 2003, p. 312, n. 21. In 1872, Blackwell estimated that he and Stone were each worth $ 50,000 (~$ 1.13 million in 2023) (Biography in Finding Aid to Blackwell Family Papers,1832-1981, Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library,
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Samuel Charles Blackwell (1823–1901), only a year and a half older than Henry, was bookkeeper and businessman, best known as the husband of Antoinette (Brown) Blackwell, the first woman ordained as a minister in the United States and prominent speaker and suffragist.
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6. Finally, against the whole system by which the legal existence of the wife is suspended during marriage, so that, in most States, she neither has a legal part in the choice of her residence, nor can she make a will, nor sue or be sued in her own name, nor inherit
242:(1826–1910), who was the third woman to earn a medical degree in the United States. In addition to co-founding the New York Infirmary, she helped organize the Women's Central Association of Relief, which selected and trained nurses for service in the Civil War.
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Blackwell was an officer of the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) for many years, including being its president in 1880. He was also an officer of the New England and Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Associations, all of which shared offices with the
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of twenty-four, Blackwell became the traveling partner of Coombs, Ryland, and Blackwells, making semi-annual two-month-long horseback journeys through Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, selling hardware to country merchants and collecting payments due the firm.
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George Washington Blackwell (1832–1912), the only Blackwell sibling born in the United States, became a land agent under Henry's tutelage in the 1850s, studied law in New York City, and took over Henry Blackwell's real estate business in the late 1860s.
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On Sunday, September 14, 1857, Blackwell was at home for the birth of the couple's daughter, Alice, delivered by Blackwell's sister Emily. Two years later, while the family was living temporarily in Chicago, Stone miscarried and they lost a baby boy.
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both." And Blackwell agreed that Stone would choose "when, where and how often" she would "become a mother." This was Blackwell's way of agreeing that Stone would control their sexual relations as advocated by Henry C. Wright, a copy of whose book
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Stanton and Anthony then proposed that the AERA reorganize as a woman suffrage society, the convention accepted Stone's motion that it wait until after ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment so as not to give the appearance of opposition.
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petitions circulated in both the east and the west during the following months, Blackwell and Stone continued organizing a woman suffrage movement separate from the AERA and its auxiliaries. In November 1868 they helped found a
213:(1816–1900), became a poet, translator, and journalist. She was a member of the Brook Farm community in 1845 but settled in France thereafter, where she translated the works of the French socialist Fourier and the novels of
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We believe that where domestic difficulties arise, no appeal should be made to legal tribunals under existing laws, but that all difficulties should be submitted to the equitable adjustment of arbitrators mutually
255:(John) Howard Blackwell (1831–1866) returned to England and worked in iron manufacturing with a cousin, then joined the East India Company. His death at the age of 36 was a blow to the entire family.
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together, joined by their daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell, in 1881. After Stone's death in 1893, Blackwell continued editing until his death in 1909. He never took a salary for his work on the
354:. While it drew amused ridicule from some commentators who viewed it as a protest against marriage itself, it inspired other couples to make similar protests part of their wedding ceremonies.
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5. Also against laws which give to the widower so much larger and more permanent interest in the property of the deceased wife than they give to the widow in that of the deceased husband.
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3. The sole ownership of her personal and use of her real estate, unless previously settled upon her or placed in the hands of trustees, as in the case of minors, idiots, and lunatics.
227:(1821–1910), the first woman to earn a medical degree in the United States. In 1853 she founded the New York Dispensary for Poor Women and Children, and in 1857, with sister Emily and
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was formed by a national convention meeting in Cleveland, Ohio, on October 24 and 25, 1869. Blackwell drafted its constitution and was elected recording secretary.
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Merk, 1961, p. 12. For the American wing's perspective on the division, see, Blackwell, 1930, pp. 206-231; Hays, 1960, pp. 202-09; and Merk, 1961, pp. 1-8, 370-75.
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Blackwell to Stone, Dec. 22, 1854, , and Feb. 7, 1856, in Wheeler, 1981, pp. 110, 144, 155-56; Blackwell to Stone, Aug. 29, 1855, quoted in Million, 2003, p. 198
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Proceedings of the Eleventh National Woman's Rights Convention, Held at the Church of the Puritans, New York, May 10, 1866. New York: Robert J. Johnson, 1866.
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federal Constitution passed in 1920, eleven states had established presidential suffrage, and four of those had granted municipal suffrage at the same time.
1296:, March 15, 1950 (AP) Alice Stone Blackwell, internationally known women's suffrage leader, died tonight at her home after a week's illness. Her age was 92.
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Wheeler, 1981, pp. 213-14, 217-22; McKenna, Sister Jeanne. "With the Help of God and Lucy Stone," Kansas Historical Quarterly 36 (spring 1970), pp. 13-16.
296:, Stone had earlier given to Blackwell and asked him to accept its principles as what she considered the relationship between husband and wife should be.
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History of Woman Suffrage, 3:479; Andrews, Frank D. "Cornelius Bowman Campbell, A Biographical Sketch." Vineland Historical Magazine 12 (1927): 247-49.
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ballot. He says that the time of the Revolution women in New Jersey had the right to vote, but later, by various enactments, they were disfranchised.
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Thus, reverencing law, we enter our protest against rules and customs which are unworthy of the name since they violate justice, the essence of law.
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Marian Blackwell (1818–1897) taught school in her younger years but became a semi-invalid and lived with and looked after other family members.
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campaign. They canvassed the state for two months, returned east full of optimism, and raised funds to send more speakers and tracts.
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Merk, Lois Bannister, "Massachusetts and the Woman Suffrage Movement." Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 1956, Revised, 1961. p. 105.
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Biography in Finding Aid to Blackwell Family Papers,1832-1981, Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library, 1992; Hays, Elinore Rice.
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News of the Stone-Blackwell marriage sped across the country after Higginson sent an announcement and copy of their protest to the
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Services for Henry B. Blackwell. Conducted by Rev Borden P. Bowne at Forest Hills. Ashes Will Rest in Urn With Those of his Wife.
138:(May 4, 1825 – September 7, 1909), was an American advocate for social and economic reform. He was involved in the nascent
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In 1866, the National Woman's Rights Convention, meeting for the first time since before the Civil War, voted itself into the
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brick house in Cincinnati's Walnut Hills section, which remained the Blackwell family home until they moved east in 1856.
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carried several books with him to make every spare moment "useful" and "self-improving." He was a founding member of the
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while thirteen-year-old Henry and his brother Sam took clerking jobs. In 1840 Blackwell was sent to the short-lived
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Holt, 1931, pp. 35–48. Reprint, with an introduction by Peter C. Engleman, Alice Stone Blackwell Trust: 1999.
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1285:"Alice Blackwell, Noted Suffragist; Daughter Of Lucy Stone And Abolitionist Leader Dies. Editor, Author Was 92".
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Marriage and Parentage; Or, The Reproductive Element in Man, as a Means to His Elevation and Happiness
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Marriage and Parentage; Or, The Reproductive Element in Man, as a Means to His Elevation and Happiness
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248:(1828–1901) was an artist and author best known for writing the first full-length biography of
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suffragists who pledged to vote only for pro-woman suffrage candidates to the legislature.
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Woman's Voice, Woman's Place: Lucy Stone and the Birth of the Women's Rights Movement.
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Woman's Voice, Woman's Place: Lucy Stone and the Birth of the Women's Rights Movement.
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officiating. During the ceremony, Blackwell read the protest that both had signed:
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Growing Up in Boston's Gilded Age: The Journal of Alice Stone Blackwell, 1872-1874
944:
Blackwell to Stone, Dec. 22, 1854, and Jan. 3 , in Wheeler, 1981, pp. 108, 115-16.
2473:
2147:
1935:
1511:
1487:
Loving Warriors: Selected Letters of Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell, 1853–1893
1454:
1396:
715:
Loving Warriors: Selected Letters of Lucy Stone and Henry B. Blackwell, 1853-1893
239:
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210:
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1308:
Aaron Macy Powell; American Purity Alliance; American Purity Alliance (1896).
542:, the daughter of Blackwell and Lucy Stone, helped her parents in editing the
2730:
1764:
497:, which became the longest-running suffrage paper in the nation (1870–1917).
368:
180:
375:
2649:
2641:
989:
Million, 2003, pp. 226-27, 243-44, 248, 253-57, 262; Wheeler, 1981, p. 185.
1445:
Those Extraordinary Blackwells: The Story of a Journey to a Better World."
32:
1769:
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553:
271:
214:
835:
Those Extraordinary Blackwells: The Story of a Journey to a Better World
1759:
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157:
93:
305:
Massachusetts, on May 1, 1855, with Stone's close friend and coworker
231:, established the New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children.
2458:
1705:
81:
548:; she became another leader for women's rights as well as for the
169:
46:
485:
The New England Woman Suffrage Association also established the
1311:
The National Purity Congress, Its Papers, Addresses, Portraits
2674:
1520:
1230:
Stone to Blackwell, 20, 1887, in Wheeler, 1981, pp. 296-97.
466:
Nevertheless, two days later Stanton and Anthony formed the
320:
2. The exclusive control and guardianship of their children.
1674:
2711:
Art in the women's suffrage movement in the United States
1257:
Merk, 1961, pp. 223-229; Wheeler, 1981, pp. 312, 319-28.
1122:
Hays, 1960, p. 190; History of Woman Suffrage, 2:929-31.
909:
Blackwell to Stone, Dec. 22, 1854, in Wheeler, p. 109-10
417:
Announcement of Blackwell/Stone speaking engagement in
685:
531:
Blackwell died of inflammation of the bowels in 1909.
1331:
For a transcript of Blackwell's article published in
1212:
Wheeler, 1981, pp. 258, 266-67, 280, 282-84, 296-303.
326:
4. The absolute right to the product of her industry.
2431:
Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain
1401:1930. Reprint, University Press of Virginia, 2001.
1421:Morning Star: A Biography of Lucy Stone 1818–1893.
935:Stone to Blackwell, April 23, , in Wheeler, p. 79
2728:
299:
2716:Music and women's suffrage in the United States
2337:Women's suffrage organizations and publications
1357:
2224:National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869)
791:Wheeler, 1981, pp. 27-28; Million, 2003, p.177
2797:American Woman Suffrage Association activists
1690:
1536:
1459:New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1992.
500:
361:
223:The best-known of Blackwell's siblings was
2367:Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial
1697:
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1543:
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1517:, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
1370:(2). Boston, Massachusetts. Archived from
1158:History of Woman Suffrage, vol. II, p. 309
686:Blackwell, Henry Brown (20 October 1877).
399:
179:After fire destroyed the refinery and the
31:
2700:Women's Suffrage Centennial silver dollar
262:
168:Henry Blackwell was born May 4, 1825, in
2782:First-wave feminism in the United States
2271:1920 United States presidential election
1314:. The American Purity Alliance. p.
998:Million, 2003, pp. 199, 192, 221-22, 224
412:
408:
374:
270:
113:
2511:Women's Rights National Historical Park
1360:"Objections to Woman Suffrage Answered"
1086:Million, 2003, pp. 197-98, 217, 219-22.
1077:Wheeler, 1981, pp. 258, 261-62, 267-69.
571:"Objections to Woman Suffrage Answered"
2767:English emigrants to the United States
2729:
2188:Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
1610:New England Woman Suffrage Association
1456:Lucy Stone: Speaking Out for Equality.
1398:Lucy Stone: Pioneer of Woman's Rights.
829:
827:
825:
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819:
817:
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628:
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477:
447:New England Woman Suffrage Association
2229:Trial of Susan B. Anthony (1872–1873)
2044:International Woman Suffrage Alliance
1678:
1659:Women's suffrage in the United States
1524:
204:
2582:"The March of the Women" (1910 song)
2310:List of suffragists and suffragettes
2173:Women's Coronation Procession (1911)
582:List of suffragists and suffragettes
317:1. The custody of the wife's person.
1571:American Woman Suffrage Association
1424:Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961.
812:
623:
472:American Woman Suffrage Association
468:National Woman Suffrage Association
144:American Woman Suffrage Association
109:
13:
2552:National Voting Rights Museum (US)
2516:Women's Suffrage National Monument
2332:Historiography of the Suffragettes
2286:Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)
1566:National Women's Rights Convention
1167:Wyman, 1: 309-11; HWS, 3:340, 370.
882:Million, 2003, pp. 182-85, 187-88.
873:Million, 2003, pp. 157-62; 181-82.
275:Blackwell with his family, c. 1890
14:
2813:
2444:Turning Point Suffragist Memorial
1507:LOC: The Blackwell Family archive
1500:
1239:Merk, 1961, pp. 211, 217-21, 222.
1140:History of Woman Suffrage, 3: 334
565:"Equal Suffrage vs. Prostitution"
427:American Equal Rights Association
284:which Stone agreed to marry him.
238:Henry had four younger siblings.
209:Henry Blackwell's eldest sister,
2595:"Sister Suffragette" (1964 song)
2393:Women's Rights Pioneers Monument
2239:Woman Suffrage Procession (1913)
2209:Declaration of Sentiments (1848)
1267:"Simple Tribute to his Memory".
1007:Million, 2003, pp. 199-200, 263.
587:List of women's rights activists
2408:Kate Sheppard National Memorial
2168:Battle of Downing Street (1910)
1811:1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act
1449:Harcourt, 1967. ASIN BOO1EVC4CG
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568:"The Lesson of Colorado" (1877)
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2757:Suffragists from Massachusetts
2219:Ohio Women's Convention (1850)
2204:Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
1550:
1358:Henry Blackwell (March 1895).
785:
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1605:Women's Loyal National League
1060:Yale University Press, 1990.
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300:Protest against marriage laws
163:
16:American activist (1825–1909)
2325:in majority-Muslim countries
2315:Timeline of women's suffrage
2254:Silent Sentinels (1917–1919)
2183:Open Christmas Letter (1914)
2132:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
1704:
971:Wheeler, 1981, pp. 173, 185.
592:Timeline of women's suffrage
7:
2695:New Zealand ten-dollar note
2362:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
2276:"Give Us the Ballot" (1957)
2214:Rochester Convention (1848)
1999:Constitutional amendments:
1785:Women's liberation movement
1016:Million, 2003, pp. 263, 269
922:, 2d ed., 1855; reprint as
575:
559:
339:every means in their power.
199:Literary Club of Cincinnati
10:
2818:
2234:Suffrage Hikes (1912–1914)
1413:"What I Owe to My Father."
1335:on October 20, 1877, see:
1095:Million, 2003, pp. 245-46.
307:Thomas Wentworth Higginson
2792:Massachusetts Republicans
2702:(2020 U.S. commemorative)
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2521:International Women's Day
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1053:Merrill, Marlene D., ed.
962:Million, 2003, pp. 195-96
924:Sex, Marriage and Society
864:Wheeler, 1981, pp. 35-62.
846:Million,2003, pp. 153-54.
534:
501:Campaigner and Strategist
123:
87:
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70:Dorchester, Massachusetts
58:
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30:
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2605:Women's suffrage in film
2576:The Women's Marseillaise
2464:Suffragette Handkerchief
2342:Women's rights activists
2122:Hong Kong 1 July marches
1411:Blackwell, Alice Stone.
1395:Blackwell, Alice Stone.
1338:"The Lesson of Colorado"
1294:Cambridge, Massachusetts
1113:Blackwell, 1930, 201-02.
855:Wheeler, 1981. p. 43-44.
782:Wheeler, 1981, pp. 24-26
688:"The Lesson of Colorado"
597:
526:
362:Business and investments
2787:American male feminists
2706:2020 US ten-dollar bill
2690:Susan B. Anthony dollar
2627:Not for Ourselves Alone
2249:Suffrage Special (1916)
2178:Great Pilgrimage (1913)
2127:2014 Hong Kong protests
1725:Right to run for office
1034:Blackwell, 1930, p.232.
635:Dr. Henry B. Blackwell.
610:Sometimes written Brown
400:Work for Woman Suffrage
2802:Woman's Journal people
2747:American abolitionists
2373:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
2022:1965 Voting Rights Act
1647:Henry Browne Blackwell
1194:Merrill, 1990, p. 103.
980:Million, 2003, p. 244.
456:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
422:
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276:
263:Courtship and marriage
152:, starting in 1870 in
136:Henry Browne Blackwell
25:Henry Browne Blackwell
2354:Belmont–Paul Monument
2281:Freedom Summer (1964)
2158:Women's Sunday (1908)
1653:Alice Stone Blackwell
1271:. 12 September 1909.
1203:Merk, 1961, pp.12-14.
800:Million, 2003, p. 178
540:Alice Stone Blackwell
416:
409:Reconstruction issues
378:
274:
246:Sarah Ellen Blackwell
154:Boston, Massachusetts
128:Alice Stone Blackwell
2619:Shoulder to Shoulder
2588:The Mother of Us All
2531:Women's Equality Day
2526:Susan B. Anthony Day
2380:Suffragette Memorial
1985:District of Columbia
1755:Non-resident citizen
1631:Lucy Stone Home Site
1489:. Dial Press, 1981.
1453:Kerr, Andrea Moore.
1374:on 24 September 2019
1221:Wheeler, 1981, p. 5.
953:Wheeler, pp. 135-36.
763:The Episcopal Church
717:, Dial Press, 1981.
419:Vineland, New Jersey
112:; died
2777:English suffragists
2486:Hunger Strike Medal
2163:Black Friday (1910)
1515:Schlesinger Library
1442:Hays, Elinor Rice.
1418:Hays, Elinor Rice.
1248:Merk, 1961, p. 221.
643:. 8 September 1909.
550:Temperance movement
429:(AERA) to work for
225:Elizabeth Blackwell
2752:American feminists
2629:(1999 documentary)
2496:Suffrage jewellery
1720:Universal suffrage
1512:Papers, 1832–1981.
1320:henry b blackwell.
918:Wright, Henry C.,
431:universal suffrage
423:
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277:
205:Blackwell siblings
2772:English feminists
2724:
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2635:Iron Jawed Angels
2557:Umbrella Movement
2501:Suffragette penny
2415:Millicent Fawcett
2386:Portrait Monument
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2148:WSPU march (1906)
1965:African Americans
1883:Spain (Civil War,
1775:Compulsory voting
1672:
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1626:Lucy Stone League
1485:Wheeler, Leslie.
1469:Million, Joelle.
1291:. 16 March 1950.
837:, Harcourt, 1967.
734:Million, Joelle.
713:Wheeler, Leslie,
379:Blackwell c. 1909
250:Anna Ella Carroll
133:
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62:September 7, 1909
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2762:Blackwell family
2547:Age of candidacy
2480:Holloway Jingles
2454:Pankhurst Centre
2425:(2008 sculpture)
2348:Leser v. Garnett
2153:Mud March (1907)
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146:. He published
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1496:
1495:0-8037-9469-X
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1481:0-275-97877-X
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1465:0-8135-1860-1
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1430:0-374-93756-7
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1407:0-8139-1990-8
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1066:0-300-04777-0
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748:. pp. 158-59.
747:
746:0-275-97877-X
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725:, pp. 21, 23.
724:
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369:Panic of 1857
359:
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352:Worcester Spy
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181:Panic of 1837
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22:
19:
2682:
2673:
2665:
2658:
2650:
2643:Up the Women
2642:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2590:(1947 opera)
2587:
2506:Suffrage Oak
2491:Justice Bell
2478:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2414:
2406:
2399:
2391:
2384:
2372:
2359:
2346:
2046:conferences
1713:Basic topics
1646:
1586:
1559:Co-initiated
1486:
1471:
1455:
1448:
1444:
1420:
1397:
1390:Bibliography
1376:. Retrieved
1372:the original
1367:
1363:
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1332:
1327:
1319:
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796:
787:
778:
766:. Retrieved
762:
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736:
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714:
709:
697:. Retrieved
691:
681:
672:
665:. Retrieved
658:
649:
638:
606:
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504:
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208:
195:
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178:
167:
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135:
134:
64:(1909-09-07)
18:
2742:1909 deaths
2737:1825 births
2661:(2015 film)
2659:Suffragette
2653:(2014 film)
2637:(2004 film)
2613:(1912 film)
2449:Eagle House
2302:(memorials)
1990:Puerto Rico
1901:Switzerland
1878:New Zealand
1770:Suffragette
1750:Non-citizen
699:14 February
554:Prohibition
454:Meanwhile,
215:George Sand
43:May 4, 1825
2731:Categories
2438:Resilience
1980:foreigners
1886:Francoist)
1816:aboriginal
1794:By country
1760:Voting age
1655:(daughter)
1552:Lucy Stone
618:References
164:Early life
158:Lucy Stone
94:Lucy Stone
78:Occupation
2459:Paulsdale
1891:Sri Lanka
1848:Hong Kong
1806:Australia
1649:(husband)
1068:, p. 49n.
421:, in 1866
333:property.
53:, England
1921:Scotland
1838:Colombia
1706:Suffrage
576:See also
560:Writings
142:and the
124:Children
82:Activist
2683:Lioness
2568:culture
2566:Popular
2540:Related
2400:Forward
1843:Ecuador
1801:Austria
1640:Related
1580:Founded
1378:9 April
1343:9 April
768:15 July
667:21 June
343:chosen.
170:Bristol
156:, with
118:
102:
98:
47:Bristol
2667:Sylvia
2417:statue
2402:statue
2375:statue
2033:Events
1995:states
1975:felons
1896:Sweden
1873:Mexico
1863:Kuwait
1828:Canada
1619:Legacy
1493:
1479:
1463:
1438:500879
1436:
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1405:
1064:
1044:1992).
744:
721:
535:Legacy
108:
88:Spouse
2675:Suffs
2651:Selma
2299:Women
1960:women
1932:laws
1926:Wales
1911:women
1858:Japan
1853:India
1833:Chile
1821:women
1745:Youth
1740:Black
1730:Women
598:Notes
527:Death
116:)
104:(
100:
2115:14th
2110:13th
2105:12th
2100:11th
2095:10th
2017:26th
2013:24th
2009:23rd
2005:19th
2001:15th
1946:1928
1941:1918
1936:1832
1491:ISBN
1477:ISBN
1461:ISBN
1434:OCLC
1426:ISBN
1403:ISBN
1380:2019
1345:2019
1062:ISBN
770:2024
742:ISBN
719:ISBN
701:2007
669:2007
552:and
478:The
458:and
114:1893
110:1855
59:Died
40:Born
2090:9th
2085:8th
2080:7th
2075:6th
2070:5th
2065:4th
2060:3rd
2055:2nd
2050:1st
2007:,
1735:Men
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2320:US
2197:US
2141:UK
2015:,
2011:,
2003:,
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