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considers it largely fictional. He sees the writer as having "been given the task of writing a life of the hermit Helier, who lived in Jersey and has a few bare facts known about him: the cave where he lived, healing of the sick, and death at the hands of pirates. He discovered a similar sounding name to Helier in the district of
Tongres, and also a hermit called Eletus in the Life of St. Marcouf. He did not hesitate to identify Helier with the near namesake in Tongres, or to make an identification with Eletus, taking the story of a miracle set on an island whose place-name was not to be found on the map."
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163:). His father was Sigebert, a nobleman from Tongres and his mother was Lusigard. Having had difficulties conceiving a child, they turned to a Christian teacher named Cunibert, who advised them to pray to God and that when they had a child they must hand him over to God, and that he, Cunibert, would bring him up in the
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According to A.M. Bellows, the oldest Life of St. Marculf mentions an island called Agna with only thirty inhabitants and a hermit called Eletus. This has been identified with Jersey and Helier, but this is largely a reading back into the story the identifications made in the
Passion of St. Helier, a
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That there was a town given the name "St. Helier" is not by itself proof that Helier existed, or, if he did exist, visited Jersey. The original attribution might have been to Hilary of
Poitiers, and became corrupted over time, particularly during the Dark Ages, when the Diocese of Dol was laid waste
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Further, the
Passion of St. Helier was written at a much later date, when the original attributions had been masked by time; it is clearly a work which draws upon any available sources of other saints for stories, and it is this Life that makes the identification of Marculf's Eletus with Helier.
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weakness, legend holds that he had the strength, when he was beheaded by attackers, to pick up his head and walk to shore. According to the hagiography, Romard discovered Helier's body on the beach still clutching his head in his hands, placed it in a boat and set off for the mainland. The boat,
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Charles
Grosset notes that the Passion of St. Helier, written in the 10th or 11th century, draws upon two very much earlier lives of Marculf (A and B), and amends them to suit the narrative. Grosset's conclusion is that the life of Helier is extremely poorly documented, and like Balleine, he
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From his vantage point on his rock, Helier could see the sails of approaching attackers and would signal to the shore, whereupon the inhabitants would scatter into the surrounding marshes, thereby frustrating the attackers' bloodlust. Small dark clouds on the horizon are still known in
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much later work. In
Bellows's opinion that Jersey could have so few inhabitants (thirty) at the time compared to Guernsey, in the much better documented visits of Sampson, stretches credulity too far. If a Channel Island is chosen, one the size of Herm would be more suitable.
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by invasions of pagans. However, the hermitage rock and linked Priory on the Islet of
Elizabeth Castle have a long history. There would certainly seem to be enough evidence to support the idea of a hermit, and later, an eremitic community which gradually evolved.
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Marculf sent Helier and a companion, Romard, to Jersey where he found a small community of fishermen on the sand dunes where the modern town of St Helier was to develop. Helier settled on a tidal islet, nowadays known as the
Hermitage Rock, next to L'Islet, the
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governor of that place, eventually grew angry at the influence
Cunibert exerted over his precocious son, who was already causing consternation with his youthful miracles. Helier's father had Cunibert killed, whereupon Helier fled.
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Helier remained at his hermitage in fasting and prayer for about fifteen years. The story is that around 555 he was martyred by marauding pirates who beheaded him with an axe – hence the crossed axes on the parish crest.
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community did not provide the quiet he required to devote himself fully to a life of contemplation. Marculf had received pleas from the few inhabitants of the island called Gersut, or Agna, now called
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arose on the spot where Helier's body rested overnight. A church was founded next to the spring, which is now topped by a statue and still attracts those seeking a cure.
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Once while
Marculf was visiting, a band of raiders arrived. They prayed and made the sign of the cross and a great storm arose that destroyed the raiders ships.
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A medieval chapel was constructed over "St. Helier's Bed", the hollow in the rock where Helier sheltered. The Hermitage rock is the focus of the annual pilgrimage
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G.R. Balleine was critical of the Passion of St. Helier, noting that "its chronology is absurd. St. Helier was born, we are told, 'after the death of wicked
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Marculf founded an abbey on L'Islet not far from Helier's hermitage and named it for his pupil. It was later visited by
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as a healing saint. Besides the healing springs at St. Hellier and Bréville, there is also a healing spring at
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A Theory on the Evangelisation of the Cotentin (Normandy Peninsula): St Marculf, M. Charles Grosset
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Helier is recorded as performing one healing miracle in Jersey, curing a lame man named Anquetil.
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faith. Their prayers having been answered, Helier was born, but Helier's father, the
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In 1870 Hermitage Rock was joined to L'Islet (Elizabeth Castle) by a breakwater.
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In 2005, the tides necessitated an early morning start to the pilgrimage.
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Bellows, A.M., "St. Helier: The Man and the Myth", Societe Jersiaise
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to the Hermitage, is on July 16. The Hermitage is depicted on the
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where he sought retreat from the distractions of the world in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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231:. The inhabitants requested someone to help them, and bring the
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565:"St Helier - The fabled life of St Helier", BBC - Local Legends
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Falle, Samuel. "Saint Helier the Martyr", Société Jersiaise
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Helier's relics were sent to the abbey of Bellus-Beccus at
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Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Saint Helier".
345:), Amécourt (Eure), Barentin (Seine-Maritime), Monhoudou (
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Butler, Alban. "St. Elier or Helier, Hermit and Martyr",
419:, marked in Jersey by an annual municipal and ecumenical
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in the church of St. John the Baptist links Helier with
349:). Evidence of veneration of the saint can be found in
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The traditional year of his martyrdom is AD 555. His
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and also at Omonville-la-Rogue where a 13th-century
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A Biographical Dictionary of Jersey, G. R. Balleine
368:Helier is remembered in Jersey for having brought
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247:. Romard would travel back and forth between the
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235:to them as they had no shepherd to guide them.
47:of Saint Helier in Liebfrauenbasilika, Tongeren
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333:Churches dedicated to Helier can be found in
388:), where Helier's name has been deformed by
466:was written in, or after the 10th century.
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650:Helier (Helerius), the 6th century saint
639:Elizabeth Castle by Major N. V. L. Rybot
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372:to the island, but is better known in
286:guided by the hand of God, arrived at
251:on this rock and the fishing village.
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655:Article on St Helier by G.R. Balleine
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290:where a reputedly miraculous healing
110:(died 555) was a 6th-century ascetic
126:, and in particular of the town and
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175:Helier's wanderings led him to the
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408:of St. Helier in the cathedral of
215:St. Helier's Bed inside the chapel
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604:"Saint Helier", Societe Jersiaise
314:Helier pilgrimage eucharist 2005
281:Though Helier starved himself to
243:now occupied by the 16th century
2010:
1391:Æbbe "the Younger" of Coldingham
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151:Hellerius or Helier was born to
1934:Hwita of Whitchurch Canonicorum
522:"How saintly was St. Helier?",
1386:Æbbe "the Elder" of Coldingham
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530:
475:Childebert governed the Francs
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1:
2043:6th-century Christian martyrs
691:Saints of Anglo-Saxon England
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457:
297:
1109:Edburga of Minster-in-Thanet
7:
2058:6th-century Frankish saints
1566:Eosterwine of Monkwearmouth
1074:Æbbe of Thanet (Domne Eafe)
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263:(the sails of St. Helier).
219:Helier, however, found the
10:
2074:
1677:Florentius of Peterborough
1496:Ceolfrith of Monkwearmouth
627:
16:6th century ascetic hermit
1967:
1834:Beorhthelm of Shaftesbury
1756:
1730:
1649:
1616:Sigfrith of Monkwearmouth
1373:
1225:Cyneswith of Peterborough
1142:
1066:
1025:
970:
939:
811:Æthelburh of Faremoutiers
806:Æthelberht of East Anglia
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437:
198:
187:at Nantus (Nanteuil, now
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21:
1919:Frithestan of Winchester
1904:Earmund of Stoke Fleming
1471:Billfrith of Lindisfarne
1426:Æthelwold of Lindisfarne
1335:Regenhere of Northampton
896:Sigeberht of East Anglia
851:Cuthbald of Peterborough
2053:Medieval Belgian saints
1990:Urith of Chittlehampton
1944:Margaret of Dunfermline
1839:Beornstan of Winchester
1824:Benignus of Glastonbury
1814:Æthelwold of Winchester
1804:Æthelnoth of Canterbury
1662:Firmin of North Crawley
1657:Augustine of Canterbury
1546:Eardwulf of Northumbria
1526:Eadfrith of Lindisfarne
1516:Eadberht of Lindisfarne
1501:Ceolwulf of Northumbria
1411:Æthelgyth of Coldingham
1250:Eadweard of Maugersbury
1104:Deusdedit of Canterbury
1099:Berhtwald of Canterbury
589:Encyclopedia Britannica
539:The Lives of the Saints
382:Saint-Jouan-des-Guérets
261:les vailes dé St. Hélyi
82:Eastern Orthodox Church
2033:Channel Islands saints
1980:Juthwara of Sherbourne
1949:Swithhun of Winchester
1889:Eadweard the Confessor
1799:Æthelgar of Canterbury
1779:Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury
1722:Theodore of Canterbury
1707:Mellitus of Canterbury
1702:Laurence of Canterbury
1687:Honorius of Canterbury
1531:Eadwine of Northumbria
1521:Eadfrith of Leominster
1401:Ælfwald of Northumbria
1285:Frithuwold of Chertsey
1220:Cynehelm of Winchcombe
1215:Cyneburh of Gloucester
1190:Beorhthelm of Stafford
1165:Æthelmod of Leominster
1129:Nothhelm of Canterbury
1114:Eanswith of Folkestone
1053:Indract of Glastonbury
876:Hiurmine of Blythburgh
856:Eadmund of East Anglia
775:Patrick of Glastonbury
427:and on the 2010 issue
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315:
307:
216:
208:
1954:Wulfsige of Sherborne
1879:Eadgyth of Polesworth
1869:Eadburh of Winchester
1864:Dunstan of Canterbury
1809:Æthelwine of Athelney
1789:Ælfheah of Winchester
1784:Ælfheah of Canterbury
1748:Lewina of Bishopstone
1738:Cuthflæd of Lyminster
1682:Hadrian of Canterbury
1667:Birinus of Dorchester
1606:Oswine of Northumbria
1601:Oswald of Northumbria
1446:Balthere of Tyningham
1431:Alchhild of Middleham
1406:Æthelburh of Hackness
1340:Rumbold of Buckingham
1280:Frithuswith of Oxford
1255:Ealdgyth of Stortford
1240:Eadburh of Southwell
1160:Æthelberht of Bedford
1155:Ælfthryth of Crowland
1094:Albinus of Canterbury
1058:Maildub of Malmesbury
1002:Grimbald of St Bertin
730:Congar of Congresbury
720:Branwalator of Milton
321:
313:
305:
214:
206:
189:St.-Marcouf-de-l'Isle
86:Roman Catholic Church
1959:Wulfthryth of Wilton
1929:Humbert of Stokenham
1859:Cwenburh of Wimborne
1844:Beornwald of Bampton
1819:Aldhelm of Sherborne
1743:Cuthmann of Steyning
1697:Justus of Canterbury
1511:Dryhthelm of Melrose
1466:Bercthun of Beverley
1275:Frithuric of Breedon
1260:Earconwald of London
1245:Eadgyth of Aylesbury
1175:Æthelwynn of Sodbury
1119:Eormengyth of Thanet
1033:Aidan of Lindisfarne
952:Hildelith of Barking
947:Æthelburh of Barking
871:Herefrith of Thorney
826:Æthelwine of Lindsey
760:Melorius of Amesbury
464:Life of Saint Helier
400:meaning to untie in
1924:Hædde of Winchester
1894:Eadweard the Martyr
1854:Cuthburh of Wimborn
1794:Æthelflæd of Romsey
1717:Peter of Canterbury
1596:Osthryth of Bardney
1486:Ceadda of Lichfield
1365:Wulfhild of Barking
1350:Werburgh of Chester
1325:Oswald of Worcester
1315:Milred of Worcester
1300:Mildburh of Wenlock
1290:Hæmma of Leominster
1235:Eadburh of Pershore
1230:Eadburh of Bicester
1017:Wulfram of Grantham
1007:Monegunda of Watton
916:Walstan of Bawburgh
906:Torthred of Thorney
866:Guthlac of Crowland
816:Æthelflæd of Ramsey
755:Judoc of Winchester
745:Elfin of Warrington
715:Brannoc of Braunton
524:Jersey Evening Post
425:Jersey 2 pence coin
410:Trenton, New Jersey
353:in the Cotentin at
322:Pilgrimage in 2009.
1985:Rumbold of Mechlin
1849:Centwine of Wessex
1829:Beocca of Chertsey
1631:Wilfrith of Hexham
1626:Wihtberht of Ripon
1536:Ealdberht of Ripon
1506:Cuthbert of Durham
1436:Alchmund of Hexham
1421:Æthelwold of Farne
1416:Æthelsige of Ripon
1330:Osburh of Coventry
1310:Mildrith of Thanet
1270:Freomund of Mercia
1210:Cyneburh of Castor
1195:Coenwulf of Mercia
1170:Æthelred of Mercia
1134:Sigeburh of Thanet
1124:Mildrith of Thanet
1084:Æthelburh of Kent
1079:Æthelberht of Kent
1026:Irish and Scottish
982:Balthild of Romsey
901:Tancred of Thorney
841:Botwulf of Thorney
831:Athwulf of Thorney
821:Æthelthryth of Ely
790:Sativola of Exeter
780:Rumon of Tavistock
765:Nectan of Hartland
740:Decuman of Watchet
526:, January 29, 2000
444:Beaubec-la-Rosière
324:
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217:
209:
1998:
1997:
1975:Arilda of Oldbury
1939:Mærwynn of Romsey
1884:Eadgyth of Wilton
1874:Eadgar of England
1774:Ælfgifu of Exeter
1769:Ælfgar of Selwood
1621:Tatberht of Ripon
1556:Ecgberht of Ripon
1491:Cedd of Lichfield
1396:Ælfflæd of Whitby
1360:Wigstan of Repton
1320:Oda of Canterbury
1205:Credan of Evesham
1185:Beonna of Breedon
1038:Boisil of Melrose
1012:Odwulf of Evesham
861:Eadnoth of Ramsey
846:Cissa of Crowland
735:Dachuna of Bodmin
710:Barloc of Norbury
452:French Revolution
105:
104:
78:Venerated in
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2015:
2014:
2013:
2006:
1909:Edor of Chertsey
1899:Eadwold of Cerne
1764:Æbbe of Abingdon
1712:Paulinus of York
1692:James the Deacon
1641:Wilgils of Ripon
1611:Sicgred of Ripon
1586:John of Beverley
1481:Botwine of Ripon
1456:Bega of Copeland
1441:Alkmund of Derby
1265:Egwin of Evesham
1200:Cotta of Breedon
1150:Ælfnoth of Stowe
1089:Æthelred of Kent
1048:Ultan the Scribe
997:Helier of Jersey
931:Wulfric of Holme
836:Blida of Martham
770:Neot of Cornwall
725:Credan of Bodmin
705:Aldate of Oxford
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483:Bishop Willebrod
477:'. This must be
288:Bréville-sur-Mer
245:Elizabeth Castle
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1591:Osana of Howden
1571:Hilda of Whitby
1461:Benedict Biscop
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1345:Tibba of Ryhall
1138:
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992:Felix of Dommoc
974:
972:
966:
962:Sæbbi of London
935:
926:Wihtburh of Ely
911:Tova of Thorney
891:Seaxburh of Ely
886:Pega of Peakirk
881:Huna of Thorney
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698:British / Welsh
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471:Queen Brunehild
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429:Jersey £10 note
386:Ille-et-Vilaine
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124:Channel Islands
90:Anglican Church
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132:Saint Helier
116:patron saint
114:. He is the
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1731:South Saxon
1636:Wilfrith II
450:during the
155:parents in
147:Early years
2038:555 deaths
2027:Categories
1757:West Saxon
940:East Saxon
505:References
458:Commentary
421:pilgrimage
394:St. Délier
339:Beuzeville
298:Veneration
1914:Evorhilda
971:Frisian,
417:feast day
249:hermitage
165:Christian
1305:Mildgyth
973:Frankish
921:Wendreda
378:Brittany
374:Normandy
351:La Hague
271:Miracles
257:Jèrriais
221:monastic
181:monastic
177:Cotentin
169:Frankish
159:(now in
157:Tongeren
61:(now in
59:Tongeren
1541:Eanmund
1355:Wærstan
1295:Merefin
1143:Mercian
1067:Kentish
628:Sources
473:, when
283:ascetic
229:Vikings
185:Marculf
161:Belgium
136:capital
122:in the
101:16 July
63:Belgium
56:unknown
2017:Saints
2003:Portal
1672:Blaise
1576:Hyglac
957:Osgyth
438:Relics
406:chapel
402:French
398:délier
347:Sarthe
335:Rennes
292:spring
233:gospel
225:Jersey
199:Jersey
193:Manche
142:Legend
128:parish
120:Jersey
112:hermit
108:Helier
29:Helier
1650:Roman
448:abbey
359:mural
153:pagan
97:Feast
24:Saint
1561:Eoda
462:The
376:and
343:Eure
70:Died
53:Born
45:icon
392:to
259:as
195:).
191:in
130:of
118:of
73:555
2029::
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2005::
683:e
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396:(
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