345:
119:
128:
22:
719:(loss of smell); later on, sinus and nose pain develops. With more severe inhalation exposure, the airway becomes inflamed, pneumonia develops, and the respiratory epithelium can begin to have necrosis and slough off, forming a pseudomembrane that can occlude the airway. This occlusion can be fatal, as can the pneumonia.
757:
Nitrogen mustard exposure does not cause symptoms until several hours to several days afterwards, but more severe exposure causes symptoms sooner. With severe exposure, eye injury can manifest within 1-2 hours, airway damage within 2-6 hours, and skin damage within 6-12 hours (sooner in hot or humid
625:
Nitrogen mustards react via an initial cyclization to the corresponding aziridinium salt. The rate of this reaction is pH dependent because the protonated amine cannot cyclize. The aziridinium ion reacts with water in a slower reaction. At pH 8, the nitrogen mustards are essentially quantitatively
653:, and causes injury to areas that come into contact with it. Exposure to HN1 can be fatal, and its effects on skin and mucous membranes are worsened when they are moist. The alkylation effects cause damage to the spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, which causes
626:
converted to the aziridinium ion for subsequent slow reaction with water. In contrast, at pH 4 cyclization and hydrolysis show the classic form of reactions in series. Hydrolysis of HN1 produces toxic intermediates.
722:
Skin contact with nitrogen mustard in low concentrations causes symptoms beginning with redness, then moving to blistering, itching, and burning pain. More severe exposure can cause
676:(eyelid twitching), irritation, itching, burning pain, dry feeling, and sometimes miosis (pinpoint pupils). More severe vapor exposure can also cause swelling and fluid buildup (
3234:
695:
Inhaling the vapor causes symptoms that begin in the upper airway and expand to the lower airway. Increased concentrations cause worse symptoms. Mild inhalation exposure causes
3194:
1541:
1622:
758:
weather). Mild exposure takes longer to manifest symptoms: eye injury within 3-12 hours, airway damage within 12-24 hours, and skin damage up to 48 hours post-exposure.
3161:
3229:
3209:
3189:
1379:
3166:
3204:
3126:
782:
and airway cancers in particular. Blindness from an acute exposure is usually temporary, resolving in days to months depending on severity. Chronic
3171:
734:. Skin exposure that causes symptoms over more than 25% of the body area is often fatal. Though ingestion is uncommon, nitrogen mustard can
3250:
384:
3156:
3043:
926:
3214:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
90:
3260:
62:
32:
842:), ventilatory support and oxygen therapy can be helpful. If HN1 has been ingested, emetics (agents that induce vomiting) and
602:. HN1 was developed in the 1920s and 1930s to remove warts and later as a military agent. Because of the latter use, it is a
69:
243:
118:
3291:
2138:
603:
1754:
790:
are also common after acute nitrogen mustard exposure. Other consequences of acute exposure include ageusia, anosmia,
76:
1769:
1759:
359:
846:
are contraindicated, and nothing should be consumed by mouth because they could damage the gastrointestinal system.
1597:
1040:
545:
3036:
3005:
1228:
58:
613:
It is an oily liquid with a colorless to pale yellow appearance and a faint fishy or musty odor. HN1 is also an
3296:
2486:
2295:
2049:
127:
47:
2481:
1729:
919:
680:) in the eyelids, increased pain, and redness. Very severe exposure to vapor or exposure to liquid can cause
904:
2081:
1627:
292:
1863:
1807:
1801:
1723:
1698:
1592:
1155:
783:
607:
323:
2471:
3029:
2992:
2702:
2170:
1749:
1496:
895:
2960:
2368:
2165:
826:, irrigation, removing the affected person from the source of exposure, immediate medical attention,
206:
3286:
2677:
2662:
2270:
2180:
2014:
1827:
1652:
912:
340:
237:
83:
3199:
2225:
2220:
1795:
524:
43:
3078:
3073:
2250:
1832:
1183:
1020:
775:
699:(runny nose), sneezing, barking cough (a harsh cough that sounds somewhat like a dog barking),
521:
515:
2622:
2149:
1950:
1858:
831:
771:
610:
and therefore use and production is strongly restricted. It has never been used in warfare.
140:
3224:
3118:
2949:
2777:
2697:
2358:
2285:
2240:
2205:
2185:
1734:
1233:
1103:
1097:
1035:
944:
301:
226:
668:
The symptoms of exposure depend on the route of exposure. Eye exposure to vapor can cause
8:
2982:
2642:
2410:
2338:
2333:
2265:
2190:
1873:
1822:
1693:
1683:
1453:
1264:
1091:
1065:
1055:
1025:
637:
them at and above 65 °C (149 °F), and reacts with metals in general, producing
344:
182:
172:
3010:
2868:
2823:
2782:
2682:
2160:
2127:
2054:
1868:
1662:
1030:
791:
766:
Effects of nitrogen mustard exposure can be long-term or permanent; it is also a known
39:
2828:
2687:
2607:
2255:
2215:
2175:
2029:
1848:
1843:
1789:
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827:
803:
689:
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2200:
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1425:
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1369:
1364:
1316:
1305:
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984:
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of respiratory and cardiac function. If the affected person has trouble breathing (
599:
595:
565:
561:
407:
1346:
1256:
265:
3281:
2848:
2627:
2343:
2096:
2019:
1999:
1921:
1015:
995:
898:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Accessed March 19, 2009.
823:
799:
2767:
2707:
2632:
2571:
2305:
2245:
1994:
1435:
1206:
1131:
1045:
843:
807:
751:
630:
539:
527:
518:
3275:
2971:
2918:
2913:
2843:
2787:
2652:
2637:
2591:
2416:
2379:
2348:
2195:
2044:
1927:
1853:
1779:
1150:
1075:
1000:
934:
735:
685:
673:
489:
479:
3146:
3136:
3131:
2923:
2873:
2657:
2647:
2602:
2596:
2566:
2561:
2319:
2230:
2132:
2076:
2039:
1988:
1967:
1916:
1883:
1812:
1774:
1713:
1678:
1576:
1198:
1178:
1050:
949:
512:
2933:
2908:
2863:
2726:
2692:
2556:
2551:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2476:
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2374:
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1817:
1708:
1703:
1637:
1336:
1321:
1293:
1275:
1247:
1139:
960:
787:
779:
681:
669:
568:
896:
The
Emergency Response Safety and Health Database: NITROGEN MUSTARD HN-1
3181:
2883:
2878:
2858:
2853:
2838:
2833:
2746:
2741:
2717:
2541:
2526:
2521:
2466:
2461:
2143:
2024:
1983:
1977:
1961:
1944:
1938:
1905:
1897:
1838:
1632:
1404:
1310:
1299:
1121:
1115:
795:
767:
708:
696:
658:
614:
438:
217:
818:
Treatment for HN1 exposure is primarily supportive, since there is no
3151:
2978:
2928:
2903:
2893:
2818:
2546:
2536:
2531:
2451:
2431:
2405:
2390:
2328:
2275:
2034:
1972:
1955:
1933:
1910:
1647:
1488:
1281:
1145:
1084:
1010:
700:
634:
312:
3021:
538:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
21:
3060:
2987:
2888:
2797:
2762:
2667:
2581:
2491:
2441:
2324:
2313:
2290:
2280:
2260:
2155:
2122:
2116:
2106:
1506:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1109:
968:
819:
806:. Consequences of chronic exposure beyond cancer include permanent
747:
743:
723:
638:
591:
726:(cell death) in the blisters, and systemic toxicity, which causes
205:
2736:
2731:
2446:
2436:
2426:
2421:
2111:
1739:
1657:
1642:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1409:
1399:
1359:
1354:
1331:
1326:
1060:
835:
727:
716:
712:
704:
469:
252:
665:. The vesicant effects cause blistering and damage to the skin.
3083:
2954:
2617:
2612:
2400:
1546:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1188:
990:
739:
654:
3219:
2898:
2813:
2772:
2059:
1463:
1458:
1448:
1287:
1270:
1223:
839:
731:
677:
276:
195:
1542:
Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
649:
Because HN1 is an alkylating agent, it damages DNA, causes
328:
2069:
2064:
1623:
2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonate
707:(shortness of breath) that affects smokers and asthmatics,
459:
2456:
2009:
3273:
368:InChI=1S/C6H13Cl2N/c1-2-9(5-3-7)6-4-8/h2-6H2,1H3
264:
830:(in cases of inhalation exposure), and medical
181:
3037:
920:
641:gas. This can potentially cause explosions.
48:introducing citations to additional sources
590:. Often abbreviated HN1, it is a powerful
494:85.5 °C (185.9 °F; 358.6 K)
3044:
3030:
927:
913:
778:after chronic and acute exposure, causing
343:
225:
300:
38:Relevant discussion may be found on the
339:
242:
3274:
1808:Methylphosphonyl dichloride (dichloro)
1802:Methylphosphonyl difluoride (difluoro)
484:−34 °C (−29 °F; 239 K)
454:Colourless to pale yellow oily liquid
3051:
3025:
2050:Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS)
908:
891:
761:
371:Key: UQZPGHOJMQTOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
871:
15:
2139:Dimethyl(trifluoromethylthio)arsine
255:
13:
1755:Dimethylamidophosphoric dichloride
14:
3308:
1770:Ethylphosphonoselenoic dichloride
1760:Dimethylamidophosphoric dicyanide
868:
1598:Dicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridate
1041:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
711:that turns into toneless voice,
431:
425:
419:
126:
117:
31:relies largely or entirely on a
20:
3006:List of chemical warfare agents
1229:Dibutylchloromethyltin chloride
798:, chronic respiratory disease,
542:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
413:
160:Bis(2-chloroethyl)(ethyl)amine
1:
3235:Propylbenzilylcholine mustard
861:
804:central nervous system damage
2082:Trimethylolpropane phosphite
1628:Neopentylene fluorophosphate
813:
730:, vomiting, exhaustion, and
620:
558:Bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine
474:1.0861 g mL (at 20 °C)
244:bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine
7:
1864:3,3,5-Trimethylcyclohexanol
1724:N,N-Diisopropylaminoethanol
1593:Diisopropyl fluorophosphate
849:
644:
608:Chemical Weapons Convention
59:"HN1" nitrogen mustard
10:
3313:
3292:Nitrogen mustard vesicants
3195:Acetylethylcholine mustard
2703:Hexamethylene diisocyanate
2171:Phenylcarbylamine chloride
1497:Dimethylcarbamoyl fluoride
3243:
3180:
3117:
3059:
3001:
2961:Fluoroethyl fluoroacetate
2942:
2806:
2755:
2716:
2580:
2357:
2304:
2166:Perchloromethyl mercaptan
2095:
1896:
1671:
1585:
1577:4-686-293-01 (Agent 1-10)
1487:
1434:
1418:
1345:
1255:
1246:
1216:
1197:
1164:
1130:
1083:
1074:
959:
536:
498:
400:
380:
355:
165:
157:
139:
134:
125:
116:
3162:Phenylenediamine mustard
2678:Chloroacetophenone oxime
2663:Bromomethyl ethyl ketone
2271:Trifluoroacetyl chloride
2181:Tetrachlorodinitroethane
1828:Phosphorus pentachloride
1653:Methanesulfonyl fluoride
516:Tris(2-chloroethylamine)
3200:Benzilylcholine mustard
2957:(variants and mixtures)
2226:Trichloronitrosomethane
2221:Trifluoronitrosomethane
1796:Methyldichlorophosphine
810:and immunosuppression.
525:Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine
112:HN1 (nitrogen mustard)
2756:Cornea-clouding agents
2251:Phosphorus trichloride
1833:Phosphorus trichloride
1567:Miotine (AR-28/T-1843)
1021:Phosphorus trifluoride
838:) or stops breathing (
522:Bis(chloroethyl) ether
3297:Chloroethyl compounds
3230:Hemicholinium mustard
3210:Decamethonium mustard
3190:Acetylcholine mustard
3119:Antineoplastic agents
2150:Disulfur decafluoride
1951:Chlorophenylsilatrane
1859:2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
822:. First aid involves
715:(loss of taste), and
684:(aversion to light),
659:low white cell counts
3225:Ethylcholine mustard
2950:Methyl fluoroacetate
2778:Methyl cyanoacrylate
2698:Allyl isothiocyanate
2286:Uranium hexafluoride
2241:Dinitrogen tetroxide
2186:Chlorine trifluoride
1234:Selenium oxychloride
1104:Phenyldichloroarsine
1098:Methyldichloroarsine
1036:Nickel tetracarbonyl
748:hemorrhagic diarrhea
44:improve this article
2643:Bromobenzyl cyanide
2411:Dimethylheptylpyran
2339:Diphenylcyanoarsine
2334:Diphenylchlorarsine
2266:Methyl vinyl ketone
2191:Perchloryl fluoride
2055:Bicyclic phosphates
1874:Trimethyl phosphite
1823:Phosphoryl chloride
1092:Ethyldichloroarsine
1066:Chloral cyanohydrin
1056:Acetone cyanohydrin
1026:Methyl cyanoformate
776:developmental toxin
604:Schedule 1 chemical
446: g·mol
113:
3167:Quinacrine mustard
3011:CB military symbol
2869:Enterotoxin type B
2824:Cyclopiazonic acid
2783:N-Methylmorpholine
2683:Ethyl bromoacetate
2161:Ethyl bromoacetate
2128:Perfluoroisobutene
1869:Triethyl phosphite
1140:Levinstein mustard
1031:Iron pentacarbonyl
792:pulmonary fibrosis
762:Long-term sequelae
686:corneal ulceration
546:Infobox references
513:Chlormethine (HN2)
499:Related compounds
111:
3269:
3268:
3053:Nitrogen mustards
3019:
3018:
2829:Histrionicotoxins
2807:Biological toxins
2688:Ethyl iodoacetate
2256:Methyl isocyanate
2216:Selenoyl fluoride
2206:Mercuric chloride
2176:Tetranitromethane
2030:Sulfuryl fluoride
2015:HN3 hydrochloride
2010:HN2 hydrochloride
2005:HN1 hydrochloride
1892:
1891:
1849:Phenacyl chloride
1844:Pinacolyl alcohol
1790:Isopropyl alcohol
1785:4-Hydroxycoumarin
1719:1,8-Dibromooctane
1242:
1241:
1166:Nitrogen mustards
979:Cyanogen chloride
828:airway management
736:burn the GI tract
663:internal bleeding
651:immunosuppression
554:Chemical compound
552:
551:
505:Related compounds
324:CompTox Dashboard
207:Interactive image
148:-(2-chloroethyl)-
109:
108:
94:
3304:
3256:Phenoxybenzamine
3142:Cyclophosphamide
3046:
3039:
3032:
3023:
3022:
2993:White phosphorus
2970:post-combustion
2966:Depleted uranium
2793:Osmium tetroxide
2673:Phenacyl bromide
2236:Nitrogen dioxide
2211:Selenium dioxide
2201:Cadmium chloride
1658:Dimefox (TL-792)
1253:
1252:
1081:
1080:
1006:Hydrogen sulfide
985:Hydrogen cyanide
974:Cyanogen bromide
940:chemical warfare
929:
922:
915:
906:
905:
899:
893:
856:Nitrogen mustard
629:HN1 reacts with
615:alkylating agent
600:chemical warfare
596:nitrogen mustard
562:organic compound
445:
433:
427:
421:
415:
408:Chemical formula
348:
347:
332:
330:
304:
268:
257:
246:
229:
209:
185:
152:-ethylethanamine
130:
121:
114:
110:
104:
101:
95:
93:
52:
24:
16:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3287:Organochlorides
3272:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3239:
3205:Choline mustard
3176:
3127:Aniline mustard
3113:
3055:
3050:
3020:
3015:
2997:
2938:
2849:Botulinum toxin
2802:
2751:
2712:
2628:Benzyl chloride
2583:
2576:
2360:
2353:
2344:Cacodyl cyanide
2306:Vomiting agents
2300:
2098:
2091:
2000:Dimethylmercury
1922:Botulinum toxin
1888:
1667:
1581:
1483:
1436:Novichok agents
1430:
1414:
1341:
1238:
1212:
1193:
1160:
1132:Sulfur mustards
1126:
1070:
1016:Carbon monoxide
996:Cacodyl cyanide
955:
954:
938:Agents used in
933:
903:
902:
894:
869:
864:
852:
824:decontamination
816:
764:
647:
623:
589:
585:
581:
576:
572:
555:
548:
543:
532:
506:
443:
430:
424:
418:
410:
396:
393:
388:
387:
376:
373:
372:
369:
363:
362:
351:
333:
326:
307:
287:
271:
258:
232:
212:
199:
188:
175:
161:
153:
105:
99:
96:
53:
51:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
3310:
3300:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2972:uranium oxides
2963:
2958:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2708:Crotonaldehyde
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2633:Benzyl bromide
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2572:Chlorpromazine
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2363:
2359:Incapacitating
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2322:
2317:
2310:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2246:Sulfur dioxide
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2099:choking agents
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1995:Tetraethyllead
1992:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:A.P.C. complex
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1410:V-sub x (GD-7)
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1268:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1207:Phosgene oxime
1203:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1087:
1078:
1076:Blister agents
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1046:Glycolonitrile
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
982:
976:
971:
965:
963:
957:
956:
953:
952:
947:
945:incapacitation
942:
935:
932:
931:
924:
917:
909:
901:
900:
866:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
851:
848:
844:gastric lavage
815:
812:
800:mental illness
788:eye infections
763:
760:
752:abdominal pain
646:
643:
622:
619:
587:
583:
579:
574:
570:
553:
550:
549:
544:
540:standard state
537:
534:
533:
531:
530:
528:Diethanolamine
519:Sulfur mustard
509:
507:
504:
501:
500:
496:
495:
492:
486:
485:
482:
476:
475:
472:
466:
465:
462:
456:
455:
452:
448:
447:
441:
435:
434:
428:
422:
416:
411:
406:
403:
402:
398:
397:
395:
394:
391:
383:
382:
381:
378:
377:
375:
374:
370:
367:
366:
358:
357:
356:
353:
352:
350:
349:
336:
334:
322:
319:
318:
315:
309:
308:
306:
305:
297:
295:
289:
288:
286:
285:
281:
279:
273:
272:
270:
269:
261:
259:
251:
248:
247:
240:
234:
233:
231:
230:
222:
220:
214:
213:
211:
210:
202:
200:
193:
190:
189:
187:
186:
178:
176:
171:
168:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
143:
137:
136:
132:
131:
123:
122:
107:
106:
42:. Please help
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3309:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3042:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2983:its compounds
2980:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2919:Tetanospasmin
2917:
2915:
2914:T-2 mycotoxin
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Batrachotoxin
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Allyl alcohol
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Chloroacetone
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:Benzyl iodide
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:Xylyl bromide
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:Butyrophenone
2378:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2350:
2349:o-Dianisidine
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:Cadmium oxide
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2045:Batrachotoxin
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1928:Tetanospasmin
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1199:Nettle agents
1196:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1001:Cacodyl oxide
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
966:
964:
962:
958:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
937:
936:
930:
925:
923:
918:
916:
911:
910:
907:
897:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
867:
857:
854:
853:
847:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
811:
809:
808:kidney damage
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
759:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
703:(nosebleed),
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
674:blepharospasm
671:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
642:
640:
636:
632:
627:
618:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
598:gas used for
597:
593:
577:
567:
563:
559:
547:
541:
535:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
510:
508:
503:
502:
497:
493:
491:
490:Boiling point
488:
487:
483:
481:
480:Melting point
478:
477:
473:
471:
468:
467:
464:Fishy, musty
463:
461:
458:
457:
453:
450:
449:
442:
440:
437:
436:
412:
409:
405:
404:
399:
392:CCN(CCCl)CCCl
390:
389:
386:
379:
365:
364:
361:
354:
346:
342:
341:DTXSID0060220
338:
337:
335:
325:
321:
320:
316:
314:
311:
310:
303:
299:
298:
296:
294:
291:
290:
283:
282:
280:
278:
275:
274:
267:
263:
262:
260:
254:
250:
249:
245:
241:
239:
236:
235:
228:
224:
223:
221:
219:
216:
215:
208:
204:
203:
201:
197:
192:
191:
184:
180:
179:
177:
174:
170:
169:
164:
156:
151:
147:
142:
138:
133:
129:
124:
120:
115:
103:
100:February 2023
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68:
64:
61: –
60:
56:
55:Find sources:
49:
45:
41:
35:
34:
33:single source
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
3172:Spiromustine
3147:Mannomustine
3137:Chlorambucil
3132:Bendamustine
3068:
2924:Tetrodotoxin
2874:Grayanotoxin
2658:Bromoacetone
2648:Thiophosgene
2603:Mace (spray)
2597:Pepper spray
2582:Lachrymatory
2567:Fluphenazine
2562:Procarbazine
2472:Sleeping gas
2320:Chloropicrin
2231:Nitric oxide
2133:Chloropicrin
2077:Cloflubicyne
2040:Oxotremorine
2004:
1989:Antillatoxin
1968:Tetrodotoxin
1917:Bungarotoxin
1813:Nitromethane
1775:Formaldoxime
1714:Cyclohexanol
1679:Acetonitrile
1426:GV (EA-5365)
1248:Nerve agents
1173:
1051:Lactonitrile
961:Blood agents
950:riot control
817:
794:, scarring,
765:
756:
721:
694:
667:
648:
628:
624:
612:
557:
556:
277:RTECS number
166:Identifiers
158:Other names
149:
145:
97:
87:
80:
73:
66:
54:
30:
3182:Neurotoxins
2934:Veratridine
2909:Shiga toxin
2864:Domoic acid
2727:Thioacetone
2693:Iodoacetone
2557:Pentazocine
2552:Sevoflurane
2517:CAR-302,668
2512:CAR-302,282
2507:CAR-302,196
2502:CAR-301,060
2497:CAR-226,086
2477:Carfentanil
2375:Apomorphine
2296:Green Cross
2087:Domoic acid
1898:Neurotoxins
1818:OPA mixture
1709:Chlorosoman
1704:Chlorosarin
1638:Phospholine
1337:Crotylsarin
1322:Fluorotabun
1294:Chlorosoman
1276:Chlorosarin
784:respiratory
780:skin cancer
682:photophobia
670:lacrimation
631:iron alloys
606:within the
451:Appearance
401:Properties
3276:Categories
3251:Dibenamine
2884:Maitotoxin
2879:Guanitoxin
2859:Ciguatoxin
2854:Brevetoxin
2839:Anatoxin-a
2834:Aflatoxins
2747:Putrescine
2742:Cadaverine
2718:Malodorant
2542:Isoflurane
2527:Desflurane
2522:Benperidol
2467:Psilocybin
2462:PAVA spray
2144:Diphosgene
2097:Pulmonary/
2025:Picrotoxin
1984:Strychnine
1978:Brevetoxin
1962:Maitotoxin
1945:Guanitoxin
1939:Ciguatoxin
1906:Anatoxin-a
1839:Pinacolone
1672:Precursors
1633:Selenophos
1489:Carbamates
1405:Chinese VX
1311:Cyclosarin
1300:Ethylsarin
1271:Sarin (GB)
1122:Lewisite 3
1116:Lewisite 2
1085:Arsenicals
862:References
832:monitoring
796:bronchitis
772:reprotoxin
768:carcinogen
738:and cause
709:hoarseness
697:rhinorrhea
439:Molar mass
302:B75ZZA7WIG
218:ChemSpider
194:3D model (
173:CAS Number
141:IUPAC name
70:newspapers
3157:Mustamine
3152:Melphalan
3061:Vesicants
2979:Plutonium
2929:Volkensin
2904:Saxitoxin
2894:Palytoxin
2819:Aconitine
2547:Halothane
2537:Bufotenin
2532:Enflurane
2452:Kolokol-1
2432:Pethidine
2406:Etoxadrol
2391:Etorphine
2387:(CS-4640)
2371:(CS-4030)
2329:glycerine
2276:Salcomine
2035:Tremorine
1973:Aconitine
1956:Palytoxin
1934:Ryanodine
1911:Saxitoxin
1648:Ro 3-0422
1419:GV agents
1282:Thiosarin
1011:Phosphine
814:Treatment
701:epistaxis
690:blindness
672:(tears),
635:corroding
621:Reactions
564:with the
313:UN number
284:YE1225000
144:2-Chloro-
40:talk page
2988:Polonium
2889:Modeccin
2798:Acrolein
2763:Lewisite
2668:Acrolein
2492:CS-27349
2442:Ibogaine
2325:Litharge
2314:Adamsite
2291:Diborane
2281:Fluomine
2261:Ethenone
2156:Acrolein
2123:Fluorine
2117:Phosgene
2107:Chlorine
1507:EA-3887A
1479:C01-A042
1474:C01-A039
1469:C01-A035
1347:V-agents
1257:G-agents
1142:(EA-229)
1110:Lewisite
969:Cyanogen
850:See also
820:antidote
744:vomiting
724:necrosis
645:Toxicity
639:hydrogen
592:vesicant
183:538-07-8
2737:Skatole
2732:Allicin
2447:EA-3834
2437:EA-3580
2427:EA-3443
2422:EA-3167
2417:EA-2148
2401:CS-4297
2396:EA-2092
2385:EA-4941
2112:Bromine
1750:EA-1224
1730:EA-1250
1643:R-16661
1618:EA-2613
1613:EA-2098
1608:EA-2054
1603:EA-2012
1572:3152 CT
1562:TL-1317
1557:TL-1299
1552:TL-1238
1522:EA-4056
1517:EA-3990
1512:EA-3966
1502:EA-3887
1400:EA-1763
1360:EA-3148
1355:EA-2192
1332:EA-4352
1327:EA-1356
1061:Stibine
836:dyspnea
728:malaise
717:anosmia
713:ageusia
705:dyspnea
566:formula
560:is the
470:Density
253:PubChem
84:scholar
3282:Amines
3109:TL-995
3104:TL-695
3099:TL-513
3094:TL-512
3089:TL-481
3084:TL-301
2955:Napalm
2720:agents
2584:agents
2487:JB-336
2482:JB-318
2457:LSD-25
2413:(DMHP)
2361:agents
2020:A-8564
1980:(PbTX)
1930:(TeNT)
1547:TL-599
1537:T-1194
1532:T-1152
1527:T-1123
1296:(ClGD)
1278:(ClGB)
1189:TL-301
991:Arsine
802:, and
774:, and
750:, and
740:nausea
688:, and
661:, and
655:anemia
594:and a
444:170.08
385:SMILES
135:Names
86:
79:
72:
65:
57:
3261:SY-28
3244:Other
3220:DSP-4
2943:Other
2899:Ricin
2814:Abrin
2773:KB-16
2060:IPTBO
1991:(ATX)
1964:(MTX)
1958:(PTX)
1947:(GTX)
1941:(CTX)
1924:(BTX)
1780:Nital
1586:Other
1464:A-262
1459:A-242
1454:A-234
1449:A-232
1444:A-208
1288:Soman
1284:(SGB)
1265:Tabun
1224:KB-16
1217:Other
840:apnea
732:fever
678:edema
360:InChI
317:2810
266:10848
227:10391
196:JSmol
91:JSTOR
77:books
3215:DMEA
2981:and
2599:(OC)
2316:(DM)
2146:(DP)
2135:(PS)
2119:(CG)
2070:TBPS
2065:TBPO
1913:(TZ)
1835:(TH)
1804:(DF)
1798:(SW)
1792:(TB)
1765:DMHP
1745:DEHP
1735:DIHP
1726:(KB)
1663:MSPI
1313:(GF)
1302:(GE)
1290:(GD)
1267:(GA)
1209:(CX)
1156:CEES
1124:(L3)
1118:(L2)
1106:(PD)
1100:(MD)
1094:(ED)
987:(AC)
981:(CK)
786:and
578:N(CH
460:Odor
293:UNII
238:MeSH
63:news
3079:HN3
3074:HN2
3069:HN1
2623:CNS
2152:(Z)
1694:AlP
1689:ATO
1184:HN3
1179:HN2
1174:HN1
1112:(L)
586:Cl)
329:EPA
256:CID
46:by
3278::
2768:CX
2618:CR
2613:CS
2608:CN
2369:BZ
1884:TG
1879:TC
1854:QL
1740:ZS
1684:AT
1395:VX
1390:VS
1385:VR
1380:VP
1375:VM
1370:VG
1365:VE
1317:GP
1306:GH
870:^
770:,
754:.
746:,
742:,
692:.
657:,
633:,
617:.
582:CH
426:Cl
423:13
3045:e
3038:t
3031:v
2327:-
1151:Q
1146:T
928:e
921:t
914:v
588:2
584:2
580:2
575:5
573:H
571:2
569:C
432:N
429:2
420:H
417:6
414:C
331:)
327:(
198:)
150:N
146:N
102:)
98:(
88:·
81:·
74:·
67:·
50:.
36:.
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