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Gwenddydd

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three different occasions, dressed in different costume every time to disguise his identity, and asks her brother each time how he will die. The first time Merlinus says he will die in a fall from a rock, the second time that he will die in a tree, and the third time that he will die in a river. Rodarchus is thus persuaded that Merlinus can be fooled, and that his judgement is not to be trusted. The author now explains that in later years the boy fell from a rock, was caught in the branches of a tree beneath it, and being entangled there upside down with his head in a river he drowned.
182:("The Conversation of Myrddin and His Sister Gwenddydd") establishes their family relationship, and is unique among the Welsh Myrddin poems in showing Gwenddydd and her brother on friendly terms. Myrddin prophesies political events culminating in his own death and the end of the world, while Gwenddydd, herself a seer in this poem, questions him in a respectful manner and shows herself concerned about Myrddin's welfare. The poem ends with them commending each other to heaven. 3124: 3112: 304:, includes a collection of traditional stories about Myrddin. In one section we learn that Myrddin ran mad in the wilds of Nant Conwy in North Wales, that he prophesied, and that his sister Gwenddydd supplied him with food and drink. Gwenddydd has five dreams at various times, and eventually she comes to Myrddin and asks him to explain them, which he does in a vein of social criticism that calls to mind 22: 343:
folk-tale in which a young man, the young woman he loves, a middle-aged woman and a widow are in contention as to which of them the man should marry, and consult Myrddin and his sister Gwenddydd to resolve the issue. There are points of similarity which suggest some relationship with Elis Gruffydd's
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When Merlinus sees a leaf in Ganieda's hair he laughs, but refuses to explain his laughter unless he is freed. When this is done he tells Rodarchus that the leaf got into Ganieda's hair when she lay outdoors with her lover. Ganieda then seeks to discredit Merlinus by a trick. She produces a boy on
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Merlinus returns to the woods, but after various adventures he is captured and taken back to Rodarchus's court. There he sees first a beggar and then a young man buying leather to patch his shoes, and he laughs at each of them. Rodarchus again offers Merlinus his freedom if he will explain why he
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s editor Basil Clarke, the best-realised character in the poem apart from Merlinus himself, being shown as intelligent, practical, resourceful and, unusually for a female character in medieval literature, prophetic. Her name and much of her story demonstrate her identity with the Gwenddydd of the
314:. A somewhat expanded version of the account of the five dreams also occurs in a late 17th-century manuscript written by Thomas ab Ieuan of Tre'r Bryn. Both seem to derive from an orally transmitted version which cannot be dated, though it seems to be quite independent of the 417:, Geoffrey's Ganieda is split into two characters, Merlin's sister Gwyndyth and Redderch's queen Langoreth. Their attitudes to Merlin in his madness are contrasted: Gwyndyth patient and comforting, Langoreth exasperated with how well he is being treated. 268:
go to the woods to see Merlinus, and they discourse on various subjects. It is resolved that they will all remain together in the woods, in retirement from the secular world. The poem ends with a prophecy from Ganieda detailing events in the reign of
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laughed, and Merlinus answers that the beggar was unknowingly standing over buried treasure and that the young man's fate was to drown before he could wear his repaired shoes. When Merlinus' words are confirmed Rodarchus lets him go.
155:(southern Scotland and northern England); he is not identified in either poem, but later generations were agreed in identifying him, correctly or not, with Myrddin. Gwenddydd is not said to be the wild man's sister in 368:, it promotes the author's creed of "Nature-worship of Heathenism and the Fraternal Sentiment of Christianity", which is to be embodied in Merlin. One of its characters is Ganieda, who tells her brother that 390:(The Gleam) - His early love". Gwendydd is in Veitch's words "redolent of the nature-worship and the poetry of the time"; she redeems her brother from madness. It was one of the sources of 568: 281:
Myrddin poems, but her position as wife of Rodarchus and as the adulteress with the leaf in her hair both have analogues in the character of Languoreth in the early Welsh story of
159:, and indeed it has been argued that in the original form of the legend she was Myrddin's fairy lover; however she is twice mentioned in the poem, the poet complaining that 3150: 1694: 923: 498: 249:, king of the Cumbrians, discover his whereabouts and bring him back to their court, where he has to be chained to prevent him returning to the woods. 3127: 260:
Back in the woods Merlinus watches the stars in an observatory Ganieda has made for him, and prophesies the future history of Britain as far as the
1936: 237:
is a Latin poem by Geoffrey of Monmouth, written probably in 1150 or 1151, describing events in the life of Myrddin, or as Geoffrey calls him,
1990: 515: 3070: 3115: 3165: 549:
engraving of Gwenddydd. His interest in the subject was confirmed in 1893 when he chose the same name for his lastborn daughter.
86:, and even as late as the 18th century. Since the late 19th century she has occasionally appeared as Merlin's sister or lover in 2295: 118:
Gwenddydd first appears in literature as a character in those early Welsh poems that became associated with the poet and warrior
1464: 1953: 178: 55: 3025: 2285: 434:(1951), a historical novel set in the year 499. She has been described as "one of the most memorable minor characters". 3020: 1929: 1538: 1105: 823: 430: 775: 1898: 1851: 1788: 1724: 785: 601: 241:. The poem begins with Merlinus going mad after a horrendous battle, and running off to live as a wild man in the 485:, Merlin has a twin-sister called Ganicenda, described as "Divine Wisdom, with her head in heaven and her feet in 3175: 1332: 514:
who escapes from a military hospital and reunites with his sister Gwen in the family's home village. It won the
285:. It has also been suggested that Geoffrey's Ganieda may in part be inspired by the example of his contemporary 3091: 1752: 1474: 1402: 1308: 1267: 1219: 1179: 1145: 1013: 736: 211:("Commanding Youth") contains more prophecies and mentions both Myrddin and Gwenddydd. Gwenddydd predicts that 1636: 3160: 3155: 1922: 511: 474:, introduces the character of Ganieda in one episode as the title-character's lover rather than his sister. 3185: 1359: 526: 336: 2950: 1874:. University of Illinois Studies in Language and Literature. Vol. X, no. 3. Urbana: University of Illinois 1052: 3170: 3085: 2385: 1561: 87: 542: 3075: 353: 1970: 1334:
Memories of England: British identity and the rhetoric of decline in postwar British drama, 1956–1982
449: 387: 1613: 289:, a well-born Anglo-Saxon lady who escaped an arranged marriage to become a hermit and clairvoyant. 3065: 1660: 1587: 482: 270: 1523:
Bednarski, Aleksander (2016). "A Quilt of Shadowy Pictures – Aesthetic Strategy in Jerry Hunter's
596:. Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages IX. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. pp. 42–46. 2200: 2110: 3009: 2800: 2795: 1497: 726: 325: 1806: 1292: 1169: 1129: 1003: 2840: 2745: 2290: 1837: 1386: 1203: 1089: 589: 391: 286: 2955: 2945: 2750: 2575: 2500: 2375: 2300: 2170: 2145: 2070: 1945: 1527:". In Bloch-Trojnar, Maria; Looby, Robert; Ă“ Fionnáin, Mark; Bednarski, Aleksander (eds.). 809: 445: 219: 123: 103: 67: 3123: 8: 2976: 2855: 2555: 2440: 2310: 2305: 2195: 1807:"The story of Myrddin and the five dreams of Gwenddydd in the chronicle of Elis Gruffudd" 1093: 594:
Arthur in the Celtic Languages: The Arthurian Legend in Celtic Literatures and Traditions
538: 471: 78:, and a prophet in her own right. Geoffrey also makes her the wife of the northern king 33: 2028: 557: 2935: 2875: 2780: 2730: 2465: 2355: 2160: 1962: 1774: 1048: 678: 520: 510:, and transposes it to the Second World War, Myrddin becoming a soldier suffering from 467: 383: 107: 1426: 506:(2010) takes the story of Gwenddydd and Myrddin from the earliest Welsh poems and the 360:, the first in a projected but uncompleted cycle of five dramas collectively entitled 3035: 2997: 2991: 2986: 2850: 2815: 2685: 2635: 2525: 2060: 2014: 2005: 1894: 1847: 1784: 1769:
Jarman, A. O. H. (1991). "The Merlin legend and the Welsh tradition of prophecy". In
1748: 1720: 1534: 1528: 1470: 1398: 1304: 1215: 1175: 1141: 1101: 1009: 819: 781: 732: 597: 553: 421: 261: 242: 95: 386:, with only three characters: Merlin, "Gwendydd (The Dawn) - His twin sister", and " 189: 3097: 2835: 2810: 2570: 2515: 2490: 2115: 1818: 1460: 928: 670: 410: 305: 1695:"A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A.D. 1000" 940: 628: 3180: 2981: 2905: 2765: 2755: 2655: 2645: 2640: 2620: 2565: 2510: 2435: 2210: 1888: 1869: 1841: 1778: 1770: 1742: 1714: 813: 457: 453: 402: 322: 196:. In a passage of reminiscence Myrddin makes one obscure reference to Gwenddydd: 91: 51: 3040: 2845: 2820: 2660: 2535: 2280: 2235: 2205: 2175: 2165: 1390: 1296: 1207: 1171:
The Return of King Arthur: British and American Arthurian Literature Since 1800
1133: 932: 246: 79: 2021: 529:, and has been called "an important contribution to war literature in Wales". 3144: 2870: 2725: 2580: 2370: 1999: 1690: 1269:
The interaction between landscape and myth in the novels of John Cowper Powys
310: 301: 119: 83: 1822: 3060: 2865: 2735: 2670: 2665: 2540: 1978: 1466:
The Arthurian Companion: The Legendary World of Camelot and the Round Table
722: 624: 503: 493: 128: 62: 1780:
The Arthur of the Welsh: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval Welsh Literature
273:, and a renunciation by Merlinus of his own prophetic gift in her favour. 264:. Rodarchus dies and Ganieda grieves for him. She and Rodarchus' visitor 82:. She was remembered in Welsh traditions recorded in the 16th century by 3080: 2930: 2885: 2860: 2680: 2455: 2335: 2095: 2050: 2690: 2495: 2485: 2345: 2340: 2325: 2320: 2125: 2100: 2075: 2055: 1914: 683: 441: 152: 99: 71: 3055: 3003: 2920: 2915: 2805: 2790: 2775: 2760: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2420: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2260: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2190: 2130: 2085: 2080: 365: 674: 3015: 2925: 2880: 2785: 2720: 2715: 2695: 2675: 2630: 2625: 2600: 2595: 2450: 2430: 2390: 2360: 2350: 2315: 2270: 2265: 2255: 2245: 2240: 2155: 2120: 2105: 2090: 2065: 546: 340: 282: 265: 148: 29: 3050: 3045: 2910: 2900: 2890: 2830: 2770: 2710: 2610: 2605: 2590: 2585: 2560: 2550: 2545: 2520: 2460: 2445: 2150: 2135: 569:
International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts
815:
Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages: A Collaborative History
448:, first performed, in a truncated form, in December 1972 by the 3030: 2971: 2895: 2825: 2705: 2700: 2650: 2425: 2415: 2365: 2330: 2275: 2250: 2215: 2140: 2045: 629:"Geoffrey of Monmouth and the development of the Merlin legend" 238: 75: 1247: 1174:. Arthurian Studies IX. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer. p. 225. 460:, is not in this play Merlin's sister but his estranged wife. 2940: 2740: 2395: 2380: 2185: 2180: 486: 174:
refers to her in the phrase "Gwenddydd does not come to me".
728:
Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. Volume 1: A–Celti
21: 2615: 2530: 1638:
Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Companionage
1614:"Gwenddydd, 1891 Sir Hubert von Herkomer RA (1849 - 1914)" 1235: 1783:. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. pp. 117–146. 1498:"Extending the Reach of Welsh-language Creative Writing" 983: 959: 428:
as the basis of his Gwendydd, sister of Myrddin, in his
844: 842: 808:
Jarman, A. O. H. (1959). "The Welsh Myrddin Poems". In
757: 755: 188:("The Diffused Song of Myrddin in the Grave"), another 54:. She first appears in the early Welsh poems like the 971: 902: 854: 456:, London. Gwenddydd, played in the RSC production by 409:, was posthumously published in 1947 in an edition by 132:. The relationship between these poems is contested. 1069: 1029: 947: 890: 878: 731:. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 1323. 691: 661:
Paton, Lucy Allen (June 1903). "Merlin and Ganieda".
1272:(Ph.D.). University of British Columbia. p. 251 866: 839: 752: 703: 537:
In 1891 the German-born, British-naturalized artist
70:, where she is represented as being a figure in the 3151:
Fictional characters introduced in the 12th century
1340:(Ph.D.). University of Texas at Austin. p. 255 777:
The Oxford Guide to Arthurian Literature and Legend
147:("The Greetings") both give us the prophecies of a 1661:"Louis Nicot TaliĂ©sin et GaniĂ©da bas-relief, 1925" 592:. In Lloyd-Morgan, Ceridwen; Poppe, Erich (eds.). 164:Now Gwenddydd loves me not, and does not greet me; 3142: 1562:"Jerry Hunter wins 2010 Eistedddfod Prose Medal" 1002:Howey, Ann F.; Reimer, Stephen R., eds. (2006). 780:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 330. 818:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 24. 1005:A Bibliography of Modern Arthuriana, 1500–2000 1930: 1530:New Trails and Beaten Paths in Celtic Studies 1843:Merlin: Knowledge and Power Through the Ages 1167: 927:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 413:. In this verse play, based largely on the 362:King Arthur; or, The Drama of the Revolution 321:A manuscript dated to c.1640, now among the 1533:. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL. pp. 18–20. 1168:Taylor, Beverly; Brewer, Elisabeth (1983). 1001: 330:Prophetic Mabinogi of Merddin and Gwenddydd 3071:Locations associated with Arthurian legend 1937: 1923: 1057:. Edinburgh: William Blackwood. p. 10 218:because of the killing of my brothers and 1634: 1522: 682: 201:Gwasawg, I was told your cry to Gwenddydd 1944: 1424: 1290: 1201: 1087: 1008:. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer. p. 151. 401:The first part of an unfinished work by 375:the bond of their new brotherhood to be. 373:all the people, Merlin, are seeking thee 292: 20: 2296:Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor) 1689: 1330: 977: 924:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 697: 587: 352:In 1870 the Scottish Arthurian scholar 166:I have killed her son and her daughter. 3143: 3111: 1886: 1836: 1768: 1740: 1719:. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 1712: 1253: 1241: 1127: 1075: 1047: 1035: 953: 896: 884: 872: 848: 807: 773: 761: 709: 245:. His sister Ganieda and her husband 216:Myrddin will come, with great purpose, 1918: 1867: 1804: 1635:Hesilrige, Arthur G. M., ed. (1920). 1384: 1265: 989: 965: 908: 860: 660: 623: 424:used the Gwenddydd of the Welsh poem 382:(1889), is a verse play by Professor 179:Cyfoesi Myrddin a Gwenddydd ei Chwaer 74:of Britain, the sister of Myrddin or 3026:List of legendary rulers of Cornwall 2286:Constans II (son of Constantine III) 1846:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1594:. South Wiltshire Community Web. n.d 1459: 1387:"Arden, John, and Margaretta D'Arcy" 721: 347: 300:, by the early 15th-century soldier 203:by the mountain madmen in Aber Craf. 113: 1100:. New York: Routledge. p. 26. 440:is an epic drama in three parts by 192:poem, has been seen as a sequel to 88:Arthurian fiction, poetry and drama 13: 3021:List of legendary kings of Britain 1469:. Oakland: Chaosium. p. 179. 1303:. New York: Garland. p. 367. 1140:. New York: Garland. p. 487. 328:at Add MS 14973, includes a prose 14: 3197: 1397:. New York: Garland. p. 11. 1214:. New York: Garland. p. 38. 57:Dialogue of Myrddin and Gwenddydd 3122: 3110: 1293:"Powys, John Cowper (1872–1963)" 636:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 3166:Female characters in literature 1700:. The National Library of Wales 1653: 1628: 1606: 1580: 1554: 1516: 1490: 1453: 1418: 1378: 1352: 1324: 1284: 1259: 1195: 1161: 1121: 1081: 1041: 995: 914: 532: 479:Namer of Beasts, Maker of Souls 226: 3092:Vera historia de morte Arthuri 1893:. Taipei: Showwe Information. 1395:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia 1301:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia 1212:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia 1204:"Binyon, Laurence (1869–1943)" 1138:The New Arthurian Encyclopedia 801: 767: 715: 654: 617: 581: 344:account of Myrddin's madness. 60:and in the 12th-century Latin 1: 1683: 1331:Knowles, Adam Daniel (2003). 1202:Whitaker, Muriel A. (1996) . 335:In the 18th century the poet 298:The Chronicle of the Six Ages 276:Ganieda is, according to the 186:Gwasgargedd Fyrddin yn y Bedd 1641:. London: Dean. p. 1155 1502:Ref 2014 Impact Case Studies 941:UK public library membership 590:"The earliest Myrddin poems" 574: 527:National Eisteddfod of Wales 466:(1988), the second novel in 7: 3086:Trojan genealogy of Nennius 2386:Eldol, Consul of Gloucester 1741:Curley, Michael J. (1994). 1713:Clarke, Basil, ed. (1973). 1088:Goodrich, Peter H. (2003). 426:Cyfoesi Myrddin a Gwenddydd 364:. Set during the reign of 16:Character from Welsh legend 10: 3202: 3076:Treason of the Long Knives 1385:Walsh, Martin W. (1996) . 1360:"The Island of the Mighty" 1291:Rutledge, Amelia (1996) . 1266:Miles, Gwyneth F. (1973). 1130:"Veitch, John (1829–1894)" 921:"Markyate, Christina of". 3106: 2964: 2951:Æthelfrith of Northumbria 2038: 1989: 1971:Historia Regum Britanniae 1952: 1425:Ragusoni, Silvia (n.d.). 1092:. In Goodrich, Peter H.; 588:Bollard, John K. (2019). 563:(1925) forms part of the 450:Royal Shakespeare Company 3066:Siege of Exeter (c. 630) 1887:Skupin, Michael (2009). 1868:Parry, John Jay (1925). 1256:, pp. 178–179, 181. 496:'s Welsh-language novel 483:Jessica Amanda Salmonson 438:The Island of the Mighty 139:("The Apple-trees") and 2201:Camber (legendary king) 2111:Augustine of Canterbury 1823:10.3406/ecelt.1959.1317 1128:Hughes, Linda (1996) . 3176:Legendary Welsh people 3010:Gesta Regum Britanniae 2801:Quintus Laberius Durus 2796:Publius Septimius Geta 1890:Merlin, Merlin, Merlin 1805:Jones, Thomas (1959). 1054:Merlin and Other Poems 933:10.1093/ref:odnb/37281 492:The American academic 477:In the 1995 novelette 377: 326:Additional manuscripts 224: 205: 168: 50:, is a character from 36: 2746:Oswald of Northumbria 2291:Constantine the Great 1429:Il Ritorno di Myrddin 810:Loomis, Roger Sherman 774:Lupack, Alan (2005). 663:Modern Language Notes 407:The Madness of Merlin 371: 293:Later Welsh tradition 287:Christina of Markyate 214: 199: 162: 24: 3161:Britons of the North 3156:Arthurian characters 2751:Oswiu of Northumbria 2576:Julius Asclepiodotus 2501:Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio 2376:Edwin of Northumbria 2301:Constantine (Briton) 2171:Budic II of Brittany 2146:Bledric ap Custennin 2071:Ambrosius Aurelianus 1946:Geoffrey of Monmouth 1773:; Jarman, A. O. H.; 1747:. New York: Twayne. 1744:Geoffrey of Monmouth 1616:. Royal Academy. n.d 1094:Thompson, Raymond H. 565:Monument nĂ©oceltique 552:The Breton sculptor 396:Merlin and the Gleam 358:The Quest for Merlin 124:Geoffrey of Monmouth 68:Geoffrey of Monmouth 3186:Mythological queens 2977:Battle of Arfderydd 2856:Silvius (mythology) 2556:Ingenius of Britain 2441:Gogmagog (folklore) 2311:Cordelia of Britain 2306:Constantius Chlorus 2196:Cadwallon ap Cadfan 1775:Roberts, Brynley F. 1244:, pp. 177–178. 992:, pp. 325–326. 968:, pp. 315–345. 561:TaliĂ©sin et GaniĂ©da 354:John Stuart-Glennie 90:by writers such as 34:Hubert von Herkomer 3171:Fictional prophets 2956:Ĺ’thelwald of Deira 2946:Æthelberht of Kent 2936:Wulfhere of Mercia 2876:Son of Gorbonianus 2781:Pir of the Britons 2731:Nennius of Britain 2466:Gracianus Municeps 2356:Dunvallo Molmutius 2161:Brutus Greenshield 1963:Prophetiae Merlini 1665:Le Corpus Étampois 1098:Merlin: A Casebook 468:Stephen R. Lawhead 108:Stephen R. Lawhead 37: 3138: 3137: 3036:Matter of Britain 2998:Brut y Tywysogion 2992:Battle of Guoloph 2987:Battle of Camlann 2851:Septimius Severus 2816:Regan (King Lear) 2686:Marius of Britain 2636:Lucius of Britain 2526:Hengist and Horsa 2061:Alhfrith of Deira 2015:Brut y Brenhinedd 1691:Bartrum, Peter C. 1588:"Hubert Herkomer" 1461:Karr, Phyllis Ann 1431:di Sthephen [ 939:(Subscription or 911:, pp. 16–17. 863:, pp. 14–15. 567:produced for the 554:Louis-Henri Nicot 543:Royal Academician 505: 446:Margaretta D'Arcy 422:John Cowper Powys 348:Modern literature 243:Caledonian Forest 151:somewhere in the 114:Early Welsh verse 104:Margaretta D'Arcy 96:John Cowper Powys 32:engraving by Sir 3193: 3129:Wikisource texts 3126: 3114: 3113: 3098:Walter of Oxford 2836:Rud Hud Hudibras 2811:Redon of Britain 2571:Julius and Aaron 2516:Helena (empress) 2491:Gurguit Barbtruc 2116:Aurelius Conanus 1939: 1932: 1925: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1871:The Vita Merlini 1864: 1862: 1860: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1811:Études celtiques 1801: 1799: 1797: 1771:Bromwich, Rachel 1765: 1763: 1761: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1709: 1707: 1705: 1699: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1657: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1599: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1566:Welsh Icons News 1558: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1520: 1514: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1494: 1488: 1487: 1485: 1483: 1457: 1451: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1422: 1416: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1382: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1371: 1356: 1350: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1339: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1317: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1245: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1165: 1159: 1158: 1156: 1154: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1085: 1079: 1073: 1067: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1045: 1039: 1033: 1027: 1026: 1024: 1022: 999: 993: 987: 981: 975: 969: 963: 957: 951: 945: 944: 936: 918: 912: 906: 900: 894: 888: 882: 876: 870: 864: 858: 852: 846: 837: 836: 834: 832: 805: 799: 798: 796: 794: 771: 765: 759: 750: 749: 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17: 12: 11: 5: 3199: 3189: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3153: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3120: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3041:Molmutine Laws 3038: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3006: 3001: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2968: 2966: 2962: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2846:Sawyl Penuchel 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2821:Rhydderch Hael 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2673: 2668: 2663: 2661:Magnus Maximus 2658: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2536:Humber the Hun 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2281:Conan Meriadoc 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2236:Cassivellaunus 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2206:Cap of Britain 2203: 2198: 2193: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2176:Cadfan ap Iago 2173: 2168: 2166:Brutus of Troy 2163: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2032: 2025: 2018: 2011: 2003: 1995: 1993: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1983: 1975: 1967: 1958: 1956: 1950: 1949: 1942: 1941: 1934: 1927: 1919: 1913: 1912: 1899: 1884: 1865: 1852: 1834: 1817:(2): 315–345. 1802: 1789: 1766: 1753: 1738: 1725: 1716:Life of Merlin 1710: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1652: 1627: 1605: 1579: 1553: 1540:978-8380613249 1539: 1515: 1489: 1475: 1452: 1435:] Lawhead" 1417: 1403: 1377: 1351: 1323: 1309: 1283: 1258: 1246: 1234: 1220: 1194: 1180: 1160: 1146: 1120: 1107:978-0815306580 1106: 1090:"Introduction" 1080: 1078:, p. 153. 1068: 1040: 1038:, p. 187. 1028: 1014: 994: 982: 980:, p. 357. 970: 958: 956:, p. 121. 946: 913: 901: 899:, p. 184. 889: 887:, p. 127. 877: 865: 853: 838: 825:978-0198115885 824: 800: 786: 766: 764:, p. 120. 751: 737: 725:, ed. (2006). 714: 712:, p. 119. 702: 700:, p. 356. 690: 669:(6): 163–169. 653: 616: 602: 579: 578: 576: 573: 534: 531: 349: 346: 294: 291: 230: 225: 115: 112: 80:Rhydderch Hael 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3198: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3131: 3130: 3125: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3011: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2963: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2932: 2929: 2927: 2924: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2871:Sisillius III 2869: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2726:Myrddin Wyllt 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2669: 2667: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2581:Julius Caesar 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 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2030: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2012: 2010: 2009: 2004: 2002: 2001: 2000:Roman de Brut 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1960: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1940: 1935: 1933: 1928: 1926: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1902: 1900:9789862212196 1896: 1892: 1891: 1885: 1873: 1872: 1866: 1855: 1853:9780801443657 1849: 1845: 1844: 1839: 1835: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1803: 1792: 1790:9780708311073 1786: 1782: 1781: 1776: 1772: 1767: 1756: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1728: 1726:9780708305201 1722: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1687: 1666: 1662: 1656: 1640: 1639: 1631: 1615: 1609: 1593: 1592:The Idyllists 1589: 1583: 1567: 1563: 1557: 1542: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1526: 1519: 1503: 1499: 1493: 1478: 1472: 1468: 1467: 1462: 1456: 1440: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1421: 1406: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1381: 1365: 1361: 1355: 1336: 1335: 1327: 1312: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1287: 1271: 1270: 1262: 1255: 1250: 1243: 1238: 1223: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1198: 1183: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1164: 1149: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1124: 1109: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1084: 1077: 1072: 1056: 1055: 1050: 1044: 1037: 1032: 1017: 1011: 1007: 1006: 998: 991: 986: 979: 974: 967: 962: 955: 950: 942: 934: 930: 926: 925: 917: 910: 905: 898: 893: 886: 881: 875:, p. 20. 874: 869: 862: 857: 851:, p. 10. 850: 845: 843: 827: 821: 817: 816: 811: 804: 789: 787:9780199215096 783: 779: 778: 770: 763: 758: 756: 740: 734: 730: 729: 724: 723:Koch, John T. 718: 711: 706: 699: 694: 685: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 657: 641: 637: 630: 626: 620: 605: 603:9781786833433 599: 595: 591: 584: 580: 572: 570: 566: 562: 559: 555: 550: 548: 545:, produced a 544: 540: 530: 528: 522: 517: 513: 509: 504: 501: 500: 495: 490: 488: 484: 480: 475: 473: 469: 465: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 433: 432: 427: 423: 418: 416: 412: 408: 404: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 376: 370: 367: 363: 359: 355: 345: 342: 338: 333: 331: 327: 324: 319: 317: 313: 312: 311:Piers Plowman 307: 303: 302:Elis Gruffydd 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Retrieved 1889: 1876:. Retrieved 1870: 1857:. Retrieved 1842: 1826:. Retrieved 1814: 1810: 1794:. Retrieved 1779: 1758:. Retrieved 1743: 1730:. Retrieved 1715: 1702:. Retrieved 1669:. Retrieved 1664: 1655: 1643:. Retrieved 1637: 1630: 1618:. Retrieved 1608: 1596:. Retrieved 1591: 1582: 1570:. Retrieved 1565: 1556: 1544:. Retrieved 1529: 1524: 1518: 1506:. Retrieved 1501: 1492: 1480:. Retrieved 1465: 1455: 1443:. Retrieved 1441:(in Italian) 1438: 1432: 1428: 1420: 1408:. Retrieved 1394: 1380: 1368:. Retrieved 1364:Theatricalia 1363: 1354: 1342:. Retrieved 1333: 1326: 1314:. Retrieved 1300: 1286: 1274:. Retrieved 1268: 1261: 1249: 1237: 1225:. Retrieved 1211: 1197: 1185:. Retrieved 1170: 1163: 1151:. Retrieved 1137: 1123: 1111:. Retrieved 1097: 1083: 1071: 1059:. Retrieved 1053: 1049:Veitch, John 1043: 1031: 1019:. Retrieved 1004: 997: 985: 978:Bartrum 2009 973: 961: 949: 922: 916: 904: 892: 880: 868: 856: 829:. Retrieved 814: 803: 791:. Retrieved 776: 769: 742:. 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Retrieved 593: 583: 564: 560: 551: 536: 533:Works of art 525:at the 2010 508:Vita Merlini 507: 497: 494:Jerry Hunter 491: 478: 476: 463: 462: 437: 436: 429: 425: 419: 415:Vita Merlini 414: 406: 400: 395: 379: 378: 372: 361: 357: 351: 339:recorded an 337:Lewis Morris 334: 329: 320: 316:Vita Merlini 315: 309: 297: 296: 277: 275: 271:King Stephen 262:Norman kings 259: 255: 251: 235:Vita Merlini 234: 232: 228:Vita Merlini 227: 215: 208: 206: 200: 193: 190:vaticinatory 185: 184: 177: 176: 171: 169: 163: 156: 144: 140: 136: 134: 129:Vita Merlini 127: 117: 63:Vita Merlini 61: 56: 52:Welsh legend 47: 43: 39: 38: 25: 18: 3081:Trinovantum 2931:Vortiporius 2886:Tasciovanus 2861:Sisillius I 2681:Marganus II 2456:Gorbonianus 2336:Saint David 2096:King Arthur 2051:Saint Alban 2029:MerlĂ­nĂşsspá 2022:Breta sögur 1254:Skupin 2009 1242:Skupin 2009 1076:Skupin 2009 1036:Knight 2009 954:Curley 1994 897:Clarke 1973 885:Curley 1994 873:Clarke 1973 849:Knight 2009 762:Jarman 1991 710:Jarman 1991 519: [ 516:Prose Medal 420:The writer 384:John Veitch 170:Similarly, 3145:Categories 2691:Mempricius 2496:Gurgustius 2486:Gurgintius 2346:Diocletian 2341:Digueillus 2326:Cunobeline 2321:Cunedagius 2126:Beldgabred 2101:Arvirargus 2076:Amphibalus 2056:Albanactus 2039:Characters 2006:Layamon's 1754:0805770550 1684:References 1476:1568820968 1404:0815323034 1310:0815323034 1221:0815323034 1181:0859911365 1147:0815323034 1015:1843840685 990:Jones 1959 966:Jones 1959 943:required.) 909:Parry 1925 861:Parry 1925 738:1851094407 571:in Paris. 558:bas-relief 442:John Arden 356:published 266:Telgesinus 220:Gwenddolau 157:Afallennau 137:Afallennau 135:The poems 100:John Arden 28:(1891), a 3117:Wikiquote 3056:Riothamus 3004:Excalibur 2921:Vortigern 2916:Vespasian 2806:Redechius 2791:Porrex II 2776:Peredurus 2761:Pandrasus 2506:Gwenddydd 2481:Guithelin 2476:Guinevere 2471:Guiderius 2421:Fulgenius 2411:Eudaf Hen 2406:Estrildis 2401:Enniaunus 2261:Cledaucus 2231:Carausius 2226:Caradocus 2221:Caracalla 2191:Cadwaladr 2131:Beli Mawr 2086:Archgallo 2081:Andragius 1982:(c. 1150) 1974:(c. 1136) 1966:(c. 1135) 1525:Gwenddydd 575:Footnotes 499:Gwenddydd 388:Hwimleian 366:Vortigern 247:Rodarchus 207:Finally, 153:Old North 122:, and in 72:Old North 40:Gwenddydd 26:Gwenddydd 3016:Lailoken 2926:Vortimer 2881:Taliesin 2786:Porrex I 2721:Morvidus 2716:Morgause 2696:Merianus 2676:Marganus 2631:King Lot 2626:Locrinus 2601:Kinarius 2596:Kimarcus 2451:Gorboduc 2431:Gerennus 2391:Elidurus 2361:Ebraucus 2351:Dionotus 2316:Corineus 2271:Coel Hen 2266:Clotenus 2256:Claudius 2246:Catigern 2241:Catellus 2156:Brennius 2121:Bedivere 2106:Ascanius 2091:Archmail 2066:Allectus 1840:(2009). 1777:(eds.). 1693:(2009). 1463:(1997). 1096:(eds.). 1051:(1889). 547:drypoint 394:'s poem 392:Tennyson 341:Anglesey 283:Lailoken 239:Merlinus 149:wild man 44:Gwendydd 30:drypoint 3051:Pridwen 3046:Nennius 2911:Venissa 2901:Urianus 2891:Trahern 2831:Rivallo 2771:Peredur 2711:Mordred 2611:Lavinia 2606:Latinus 2591:Keredic 2586:Sir Kay 2561:Innogen 2551:Igraine 2546:Idvallo 2521:Helenus 2461:Gorlois 2446:Goneril 2151:Bledudo 2136:Belinus 1439:Myrddin 1393:(ed.). 1299:(ed.). 1210:(ed.). 1136:(ed.). 812:(ed.). 684:2917618 642:: 40–41 452:at the 194:Cyfoesi 145:Hoianau 48:Ganieda 3181:Merlin 3031:Logres 2972:Avalon 2965:Topics 2896:Turnus 2826:Rience 2706:Millus 2701:Merlin 2651:Maddan 2426:Gawain 2416:Ferrex 2366:Edadus 2331:Danius 2276:Coilus 2251:Cherin 2216:Capoir 2141:Bladud 2046:Aeneas 1906:20 May 1897:  1878:17 May 1859:17 May 1850:  1828:17 May 1796:17 May 1787:  1760:17 May 1751:  1732:17 May 1723:  1704:17 May 1671:23 May 1645:23 May 1620:23 May 1598:23 May 1572:23 May 1546:23 May 1537:  1508:23 May 1482:23 May 1473:  1445:23 May 1410:23 May 1401:  1370:23 May 1344:23 May 1316:23 May 1307:  1276:23 May 1227:23 May 1218:  1187:23 May 1178:  1153:23 May 1144:  1113:23 May 1104:  1061:23 May 1021:22 May 1012:  937: 831:22 May 822:  793:22 May 784:  744:21 May 735:  681:  646:21 May 609:21 May 600:  464:Merlin 431:Porius 380:Merlin 172:Oianau 141:Oianau 76:Merlin 2941:Ywain 2741:Oenus 2396:Eliud 2381:Eldol 2186:Cador 2181:Cadoc 1954:Works 1698:(PDF) 1667:. n.d 1504:. n.d 1389:. In 1366:. n.d 1338:(PDF) 1295:. In 1206:. In 1132:. In 679:JSTOR 632:(PDF) 523:] 487:Sheol 481:, by 278:Vita' 2841:Runo 2616:Leil 2531:Hoel 2008:Brut 1908:2020 1895:ISBN 1880:2020 1861:2020 1848:ISBN 1830:2020 1798:2020 1785:ISBN 1762:2020 1749:ISBN 1734:2020 1721:ISBN 1706:2020 1673:2020 1647:2020 1622:2020 1600:2020 1574:2020 1548:2020 1535:ISBN 1510:2020 1484:2020 1471:ISBN 1447:2020 1412:2020 1399:ISBN 1372:2020 1346:2020 1318:2020 1305:ISBN 1278:2020 1229:2020 1216:ISBN 1189:2020 1176:ISBN 1155:2020 1142:ISBN 1115:2020 1102:ISBN 1063:2020 1023:2020 1010:ISBN 833:2020 820:ISBN 795:2020 782:ISBN 746:2020 733:ISBN 648:2020 611:2020 598:ISBN 541:, a 512:PTSD 444:and 233:The 106:and 46:and 1819:doi 1433:sic 929:doi 671:doi 556:'s 489:". 470:'s 308:'s 143:or 66:by 3147:: 1813:. 1809:. 1663:. 1590:. 1564:. 1500:. 1437:. 1362:. 841:^ 754:^ 677:. 667:18 665:. 640:51 638:. 634:. 521:cy 405:, 398:. 332:. 318:. 110:. 102:, 98:, 94:, 1938:e 1931:t 1924:v 1910:. 1882:. 1863:. 1832:. 1821:: 1815:8 1800:. 1764:. 1736:. 1708:. 1675:. 1649:. 1624:. 1602:. 1576:. 1550:. 1512:. 1486:. 1449:. 1427:" 1414:. 1374:. 1348:. 1320:. 1280:. 1231:. 1191:. 1157:. 1117:. 1065:. 1025:. 935:. 931:: 835:. 797:. 748:. 687:. 673:: 650:. 613:. 222:.

Index


drypoint
Hubert von Herkomer
Welsh legend
Dialogue of Myrddin and Gwenddydd
Vita Merlini
Geoffrey of Monmouth
Old North
Merlin
Rhydderch Hael
Elis Gruffydd
Arthurian fiction, poetry and drama
Laurence Binyon
John Cowper Powys
John Arden
Margaretta D'Arcy
Stephen R. Lawhead
Myrddin Wyllt
Geoffrey of Monmouth
Vita Merlini
wild man
Old North
Cyfoesi Myrddin a Gwenddydd ei Chwaer
vaticinatory
Gwenddolau
Merlinus
Caledonian Forest
Rodarchus
Norman kings
Telgesinus

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