671:
774:
293:
619:
518:
43:
1426:
1021:
grain elevators and elaborate tourist hotels such as the Château
Laurier in Ottawa. Hays blundered in 1903 by building a subsidiary, the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company some 4,800 kilometres (3,000 mi) long; it reached Prince Rupert in northern British Columbia in 1914. The government built and the Grand Trunk was to operate the National Transcontinental to link the main Grand Trunk with its Pacific subsidiary. The very expensive subsidiary was far north of major population centres and had too little traffic.
1974:
1398:
988:
2016:
1412:
1187:
714:
1024:
Nearing bankruptcy in 1919, the entire system was nationalized: the government merged the Grand Trunk, the Grand Trunk
Pacific, and the National Transcontinental lines into the new Canadian National Railways. The process was completed in 1923. The Grand Trunk lines in the United States, however, kept
1004:
speculated in 1963 that an independent GTR might have survived had it always used standard gauge. The GTR was a private company headquartered in
England that received heavy Canadian government subsidies and was never profitable because of competition from shipping and American railways. (In 1880 40%
898:
The routing of these systems was extremely speculative, as GTPR's main line was located farther north than the profitable CPR main line in the
Prairies, and NTR was located even farther north of populous centres in Ontario and Quebec. Construction costs on the GTPR escalated, despite having the most
812:
The company sold the line along the St. Lawrence River between Rivière-du-Loup and Lévis in 1879 to the federal government-owned
Intercolonial Railway (IRC), and granted running rights in 1889 to the IRC on trackage between LĂ©vis and Montreal (via Richmond); however, the IRC's construction of a more
1020:
Charles
Melville Hays joined the Grand Trunk in 1895 as general manager (and in 1909, president, based in Montreal). Hays was the architect of the great expansion during a colourful and free-spending era. He upgraded the tracks, bridges, shops and rolling stock, but was best known for building huge
682:
The end of the
American Civil War saw British North America on the verge of uniting in a single federation, and the GTR's financial prospects improved as the railway was well-positioned to take advantage of increased population and economic growth. By 1867, it had become the largest railroad system
1119:
Following deregulation of the railway industry in Canada and the United States, CN has abandoned or sold many former GTR and GTW branch lines in recent decades, including the former
Portland–Montreal main line which had instigated the development of the system to a large degree. As well, a part of
1012:
was a key executive from 1874 to 1890 based in
Montreal who kept it afloat financially and formed an alliance with the Conservative party. Carlos and Lewis (1995) show that it managed to survive because its British investors accurately assessed the corporation's value and prospects, which included
936:
The first indication the arrangement with the government was faltering came when GTR refused to operate the NTR, citing economic reasons. With the enormous cost of building the GTPR and the limited financial returns being realized, GTR defaulted on loan payments to the federal government in 1919.
658:
Such security concerns led to demands for a year-round transportation system that
British reinforcements could use should their territory be attacked during winter when the St. Lawrence River was frozen, and the only railway for British reinforcements to use would be the Grand Trunk connection at
1091:
Grand Trunk Railway was built fully a century before major property and highway development took place in the various jurisdictions it crossed and as such had the choice of geography in selecting the most direct routes. As a result, significant sections of GTR mainlines in Canada and Grand Trunk
947:
GTR underwent serious financial difficulties as a result of the GTPR, and its shareholders, primarily in the United Kingdom, were determined to prevent the company from being nationalized as well. Eventually on July 12, 1920, GTR was placed under control of another federal government Board of
687:, its river port at Rivière-du-Loup, the three northern New England states, and much of the southern areas of the new provinces of Quebec and Ontario. By 1880, the Grand Trunk Railway system stretched all the way from Portland in the east to Chicago, Illinois, in the west (by means of the
1005:
of the Grand Trunk traffic was from one or another American city to and from Chicago, taking a shortcut across Ontario.) Inflated construction costs, overestimated revenues, and an inadequate initial capitalization threatened bankruptcy for the Grand Trunk.
789:, western Quebec, and the U.S. state of Michigan over the years by purchasing and absorbing numerous smaller railway companies, as well as building new lines. GTR's largest purchase came on August 12, 1882, when it bought the 1,371-kilometre (852 mi)
659:
Portland, in the United States. Many citizens thought that the only way to finish the Grand Trunk – and protect the country – would be to unite all the colonies into a federation so that they could share the costs of an expanded railway system. Thus the
951:
At the time that the GTR was fully merged into CNR, approximately 125 smaller railway companies comprised the Grand Trunk system, totalling 12,800 kilometres (8,000 mi) in Canada and 1,873 kilometres (1,164 mi) in the United States.
841:, particularly given the virtual monopoly of service that CPR maintained and the lucrative increasing flows of immigrants west of Ontario. The federal government encouraged GTR to co-operate with a local railway company operating on the
642:
in the west to Rivière-du-Loup in the east and Portland in the southeast. Colonists in the United Province of Canada, some of whom had experienced their territory being attacked by the United States fifty years earlier (in the
948:
Management while legal battles continued for several more years. Finally, on January 20, 1923, GTR was fully absorbed into the CNR on a date when all constituent companies were merged into the Crown corporation.
584:-bound traffic. In October of 1856, the section from Montreal to Toronto opened, while the line from Toronto to Sarnia was finished in November of 1859. Also in 1859, a ferry service was established across the
710:; and the construction of a tunnel beneath the St. Clair River, connecting Sarnia, Ontario, and Port Huron, Michigan. The latter work opened in August 1890 and replaced the railcar ferry at the same location.
966:
Canada's worst railway accident based on loss of life happened on the GTR, occurring on June 29, 1864, when a passenger train operating between LĂ©vis and Montreal missed a signal for an open drawbridge on the
1044:
Like the CPR and CNR, the GTR began building and operating hotels during the first two decades of the 20th century. Most of the hotels survived the takeover of the GTR by CNR in 1923 and were operated by
929:
Construction started on the GTPR/NTR in 1905, and the GTPR opened to traffic in 1914, followed by the NTR in 1915. It was a transcontinental system, with the only exception being the NTR's ill-fated
107:
1160:, was to make GTW profitable and keep parent CN from having to subsidize GTW's losses. CN sold off the Central Vermont in 1995 when CN became a public traded company instead of a crown corporation.
1013:
the likelihood that the Canadian government would bail out the railway should it ever default on its bonds. The government had guaranteed a very large loan and had enacted legislation authorizing
856:'s government to build a third railway system from the Atlantic to the Pacific. GTR would build (with federal assistance) and operate the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTPR) from
694:
Several impressive construction feats were associated with the GTR: the first successful bridging of the St. Lawrence River on August 25, 1860, with the opening of the first
1844:
1226:
918:
on April 15, 1912. His death is speculated to have contributed to poor management of GTR over the ensuing decade, and also contributed to the abandonment of the uncompleted
611:
and further east by water to the Maritimes demanded that a railway link the entire geopolitical region. During this time the GTR extended its line to LĂ©vis further east to
577:
1236:
580:, whose railway was already under construction. But the Grand Trunk Railway Company changed the original route of the T&G and extended the line to Sarnia, a hub for
825:
As the dominant railway in British North America, GTR was reportedly asked by the federal government soon after Confederation to consider building a rail line to the
1216:
1335:
1310:
937:
GTPR was nationalized on March 7 of that year, being operated under a federal government Board of Management until finally being placed under the control of the
2543:
2528:
1325:
1345:
1285:
1255:
2578:
2005:
1471:
336:
1379:
1364:
on Cockspur Street. CN no longer owns the building. The current tenant on the lower floor is The Original London Tour Centre at 17–19 Cockspur Street.
1383:
2538:
1070:(Edmonton) 1912-1923 - acquired by Canadian National Hotels and later by Canadian Pacific Hotels; now part of the Fairmont Hotels and Resorts chain
2563:
2168:
1460:
2533:
1679:
Carlos, Ann M.; Lewis, Frank D. (1995). "The Creative Financing of an Unprofitable Enterprise: the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada, 1853-1881".
1567:
2568:
2364:
2558:
2548:
1017:. These arrangements allowed the company to float new bond issues to replace existing debt and to issue securities in lieu of interest.
2573:
1916:
1449:
2467:
2513:
1578:
371:, United Kingdom (4 Warwick House Street). It cost an estimated $ 160 million to build. The Grand Trunk, its subsidiaries, and the
2087:
1998:
683:
in the world by accumulating more than 2,055 km (1,277 mi) of track that connected locations between its ocean port at
2223:
1832:
1781:
1753:
1490:
For pictures of the Grand Trunk in New England, see Hastings, Philip R. "Grand Trunk Heritage" (1987, Carstens Publications).
1827:
Canada. Legislature. Legislative Assembly. Special Committee on the Condition, Management and Prospects of the Grand Trunk.
837:(CPR) to meet British Columbia's conditions for joining Confederation. By the early 20th century, GTR desired to operate in
2308:
2137:
2082:
607:
was greatly expanded by the duplicate route of the Grand Trunk. The explosive growth in trade during the 1850s within the
17:
1855:
2553:
2163:
1983:
1466:
623:
324:
852:
CNoR decided to build its own transcontinental system at this time, forcing GTR in 1903 to enter into an agreement with
670:
2518:
2195:
2119:
1991:
1202:
1121:
557:
549:
2498:
2077:
2050:
1728:
1517:
1176:
865:
86:
64:
57:
2508:
2503:
1808:
1629:
1444:
1535:
2245:
2218:
1745:
861:
790:
660:
2395:
2200:
1909:
778:
2417:
1149:
2523:
2493:
2129:
2055:
2037:
1163:
CN continued to place its US acquisitions as subsidiaries under the Grand Trunk Corporation which includes
919:
688:
489:
469:
372:
1850:
Grand Trunk Railway Engineer Department: Road section foreman's wage and material book for years 1866-1874
1642:
Baskerville, Peter (1981). "Americans in Britain's backyard: the railway era in Upper Canada, 1850–1880".
1197:
The Portland, Maine-Chicago, Illinois mainline of the Grand Trunk is or was known by the following names:
2114:
1813:
1634:
1061:
443:
398:, Ontario. Over time it added many subsidiary lines and branches, including four important subsidiaries:
728:
2422:
2210:
1172:
972:
695:
526:
2456:
2446:
2432:
2426:
2240:
2155:
2069:
2020:
2015:
1902:
1718:
1540:
961:
941:
846:
675:
630:
By 1860, the Grand Trunk was on the verge of bankruptcy and in no position to expand further east to
608:
376:
221:
2437:
2373:
2314:
2265:
1882:
1046:
923:
834:
501:
51:
1582:
2442:
2109:
1454:
1439:
1245:
1220:
1153:
1144:. The corporation was created in 1971 to provide autonomy in operation for CN's US subsidiaries:
1141:
1057:
1028:
The Grand Trunk legacy seeped into late 20th century popular culture, when a hard rock trio from
880:
726:
Common during 19th century railway construction in British colonies, GTR built to a broad gauge (
421:
273:
31:
1803:
1352:
The Grand Trunk Railway Building on Warwick House Street in London continues to stand. Built by
2462:
2284:
2190:
2182:
1957:
1304:
1168:
1113:
891:. The GTR took effective control of the CAR in 1905, although the purchase was not ratified by
794:
596:
283:
68:
1861:
Grand Trunk Railway Collection Finding Aid, Special Collections, University of Vermont Library
2045:
1945:
1860:
1739:
1129:
908:
773:
664:
573:
497:
599:. The original colonial economy structured along the water route from the Maritimes up the
2250:
1300:
1210:
892:
767:
631:
589:
447:
292:
2013:
1894:
1076:(Winnipeg) 1913-1923 - acquired by Canadian National Hotels and now independently operated
8:
1624:
1339:
1269:
1145:
1033:
517:
618:
2388:
1667:
1659:
1279:
1275:
1265:
1014:
900:
857:
762:) between 1872 and 1885 to facilitate interchange with U.S. railroads. To overcome the
703:
635:
600:
569:
387:
1053:
612:
595:
The Grand Trunk was one of the main factors that pushed British North America towards
1749:
1724:
1696:
1671:
1296:
1157:
1105:
1093:
938:
842:
707:
1973:
1849:
1787:
106:
2472:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1741:
Grand Trunk Corporation: Canadian National Railways in the United States, 1971-1992
1688:
1651:
1545:
1180:
1164:
1073:
879:
As part of this program, the federal government encouraged the GTR to purchase the
830:
802:
786:
565:
463:
171:
1783:
A Thousand Blunders: The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and Northern British Columbia
561:
2279:
2274:
1521:
1403:
1289:
1206:
1125:
1109:
1067:
1029:
968:
904:
853:
814:
806:
798:
684:
585:
493:
391:
312:
1417:
1009:
838:
763:
320:
305:
261:
137:
2487:
2381:
1700:
1431:
1374:
1191:
1097:
1000:
930:
826:
699:
698:
at Montreal (replaced by the present structure in 1898); the bridging of the
433:
411:
356:
352:
183:
179:
1876:
Report for submission to the shareholders of the Grand Trunk Railway in 1860
1692:
1382:
learns that he has lost most of the fortune that he received from his wife
1079:
888:
652:
455:
163:
1514:
1132:, was sold or abandoned, using the Great Western Railway routing instead.
987:
544:
The charter was soon extended east to Portland, Maine and west to Sarnia,
2405:
1386:, which Lord Grantham had largely invested in Grand Trunk Railway stock.
912:
873:
644:
604:
553:
545:
437:
340:
233:
187:
1082:(Algonquin Park) 1905–1923; sold to Government of Ontario and demolished
560:
through to the harbour facilities at Portland. A line was also built to
2288:
1663:
1353:
1329:
1140:
CN continues to use the "Grand Trunk" name for its holding company the
1056:(Ottawa) 1912-1923 - acquired by Canadian National Hotels and later by
651:
and faced terrorist attacks during the mid-19th century in the form of
648:
833:
but refused, forcing the government to enact legislation creating the
2348:
2270:
492:, chartered in 1910, which would have run from a connection with the
2403:
1655:
1320:
The Montreal-Toronto segment had been known by the following names:
1096:(CN) today, particularly the Quebec City–Chicago corridor by way of
2353:
2293:
1259:
1230:
1101:
481:
473:
451:
364:
348:
203:
191:
159:
129:
2332:
1314:
1249:
976:
869:
581:
538:
477:
459:
429:
407:
383:
360:
332:
195:
175:
167:
151:
115:
Map of the Grand Trunk system, including a connection via the NTR
1871:
Maps of the Grand Trunk Railway 1857, and its connections, c1860
1866:
Scans of the prospectus documents circulated by Barings in 1853
1240:
992:
884:
770:
called "adjustable gauge trucks", but these proved unreliable.
639:
425:
403:
395:
368:
328:
155:
415:
382:
The original charter was for a line running from Montreal to
344:
199:
1924:
817:
in 1899 saw most of this traffic transferred to that line.
1356:, the 7 storey building was built in 1907 with the banner
1186:
713:
533:
The company was incorporated on November 10, 1852, as the
1498:
1496:
933:, which would not be completed for several more years.
512:
296:
The Grand Trunk Head Office in Montreal, built in 1900.
1845:
Collections Canada: History of the Grand Trunk Railway
1600:
1493:
1092:
Western routes in the U.S. are still in active use by
740:); however, this was changed to the standard gauge of
568:
from Montreal in 1855, part of the much-talked about "
1156:. The main goal of the corporation, headquartered in
1393:
1472:
Grand Trunk Railway Literary and Scientific Society
820:
667:to link with the Grand Trunk at Rivière-du-Loup.
2485:
1891:, illustrated account of the Grand Trunk Railway
363:. The railway was operated from headquarters in
2169:Edmonton, Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway
1812:. Vol. XIV (1911–1920) (online ed.).
1633:. Vol. XII (1891–1900) (online ed.).
1378:, which takes place during the spring of 1920,
975:, plunging onto a passing barge and killing 99
864:, while the government would build and own the
27:British-owned railway in Canada and New England
390:. It quickly expanded its charter eastward to
2544:5 ft 6 in gauge railways in the United States
2529:Predecessors of the Canadian National Railway
2389:
1999:
1910:
1559:
991:Former Grand Trunk corporate headquarters in
537:to build a railway line between Montreal and
2365:List of Canadian National Railways companies
849:(CNoR), but an agreement was never reached.
1707:
1678:
1641:
1622:
1606:
1568:"The Rise and Fall of the Provincial Gauge"
1179:considers the Grand Trunk Corporation as a
488:A fifth subsidiary was the never-completed
2579:Companies based in the City of Westminster
2396:
2382:
2006:
1992:
1917:
1903:
1524:. Home.cogeco.ca. Retrieved on 2013-07-26.
1450:List of defunct railroads of North America
1135:
674:Group of men working on GTR construction,
1806:. In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.).
1737:
1502:
647:), were uncomfortably close to the giant
556:– Vermont border, and the parent company
500:, to the deep-water, all-weather port of
367:, Quebec, with corporate headquarters in
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
2539:Railway companies disestablished in 1923
1579:Canadian Railroad Historical Association
1565:
1185:
1120:the original Toronto–Sarnia routing via
986:
772:
712:
669:
617:
516:
291:
50:This article includes a list of general
2088:Lake Manitoba Railway and Canal Company
1779:
14:
2564:Canadian companies established in 1852
2486:
2224:Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway
1880:
1801:
1716:
1150:Duluth, Winnipeg & Pacific Railway
766:, the GTR experimented with a form of
402:Grand Trunk Eastern which operated in
2534:Railway companies established in 1852
2377:
1987:
1898:
1533:
1367:
535:Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada
2138:Detroit, Toledo and Ironton Railroad
2083:Duluth, Winnipeg and Pacific Railway
1770:
1708:Clegg, Anthony; Corley, Ray (1969).
1086:
887:to Vermont, and west from Ottawa to
876:, which the GTR would also operate.
576:. In the same year it purchased the
513:Charter, construction, and expansion
386:mostly along the north shore of the
36:
2569:Transport companies based in London
2196:Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway
2164:Alberta and Great Waterways Railway
1527:
1467:History of rail transport in Canada
785:The GTR system expanded throughout
24:
2559:5 ft 6 in gauge railways in Canada
2549:Defunct New York (state) railroads
2120:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
1821:
1566:Lavallee, O.S.A. (February 1963).
558:Atlantic and St. Lawrence Railroad
550:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
2590:
2574:Defunct companies based in London
2078:Canadian Northern Pacific Railway
2051:National Transcontinental Railway
1838:
1720:The Grand Trunk Railway of Canada
1627:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
1358:The Grand Trunk Railway of Canada
1177:Association of American Railroads
907:. GTR's cost-conscious president
866:National Transcontinental Railway
691:between Port Huron and Chicago).
2014:
1972:
1809:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1681:Explorations in Economic History
1630:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1445:Pontiac Pacific Junction Railway
1424:
1410:
1396:
1380:Robert Crawley, Earl of Grantham
911:was one of the victims on board
883:(CAR) with lines southeast from
548:. In 1853 the GTR purchased the
105:
41:
2514:Defunct New Hampshire railroads
2246:London and Port Stanley Railway
2219:Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad
1746:Michigan State University Press
1723:. University of Toronto Press.
1616:
1536:"Grand Trunk Railway of Canada"
1534:Marsh, James H. (3 June 2015).
862:Prince Rupert, British Columbia
661:British North America Act, 1867
2201:Green Bay and Western Railroad
1773:The Grand Trunk in New England
1508:
1484:
1360:on 4 Warwick House Street and
821:Bankruptcy and nationalization
797:to Toronto, and connecting to
717:Map of the Grand Trunk in 1885
663:included the provision for an
13:
1:
1881:Talbot, Frederick A. (1913),
1710:Canadian National Steam Power
1039:
971:near the present-day town of
2130:Grand Trunk Western Railroad
2056:Prince Edward Island Railway
2038:Canadian Government Railways
1887:Railway Wonders of the World
1802:Regehr, Theodore D. (1998).
1515:Niagara Rails - Introduction
1477:
1146:Grand Trunk Western Railroad
920:Southern New England Railway
781:at Portland, Maine, in 1906.
689:Grand Trunk Western Railroad
490:Southern New England Railway
470:Grand Trunk Western Railroad
373:Canadian Government Railways
323:system that operated in the
7:
2115:Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
1852:(Trent University Archives)
1814:University of Toronto Press
1635:University of Toronto Press
1623:Baskerville, Peter (1990).
1389:
1227:Saint-Hyacinthe Subdivision
1062:Fairmont Hotels and Resorts
955:
899:favourable crossing of the
578:Toronto and Guelph Railroad
444:Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
375:were precursors of today's
10:
2595:
2554:Defunct Michigan railroads
2404:Major railroad systems in
2211:Great Lakes Transportation
1883:"The opening-up of Canada"
1744:, East Lansing, Michigan:
1738:Hofsommer, Don L. (1995),
1463:, chief engineer from 1896
1372:In Series 3, Episode 1 of
1173:Great Lakes Transportation
973:Mont-Saint-Hilaire, Quebec
959:
942:Canadian National Railways
813:direct line from LĂ©vis to
507:
150:The Canadian provinces of
29:
2519:Defunct Vermont railroads
2413:
2362:
2341:
2325:
2309:Toronto Terminal Railways
2301:
2259:
2241:Illinois Central Railroad
2209:
2181:
2156:Northern Alberta Railways
2154:
2128:
2100:
2070:Canadian Northern Railway
2068:
2036:
2027:
2021:Canadian National Railway
1970:
1935:
1541:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1362:Canadian National Railway
982:
962:St-Hilaire train disaster
847:Canadian Northern Railway
805:, and communities in the
721:
676:Glengarry County, Ontario
609:United Province of Canada
377:Canadian National Railway
268:
232:
227:
222:Canadian National Railway
217:
209:
146:
136:
125:
120:
113:
104:
2499:Defunct Ontario railways
2315:Canadian Pacific Railway
2266:Canadian National Hotels
1804:"Hays, Charles Melville"
1765:– via Google Books
1712:. Trains & Trolleys.
1520:August 26, 2013, at the
1047:Canadian National Hotels
1025:their distinctive name.
944:(CNR) on July 20, 1920.
924:Providence, Rhode Island
835:Canadian Pacific Railway
734:5 ft 6 in
502:Providence, Rhode Island
275:5 ft 6 in
30:Not to be confused with
2509:Defunct Maine railroads
2504:Defunct Quebec railways
2110:Central Vermont Railway
1780:Leonard, Frank (1996).
1644:Business History Review
1607:Carlos & Lewis 1995
1455:Edson Joseph Chamberlin
1440:Guelph Junction Railway
1348:, Belleville to Toronto
1246:CN Kingston Subdivision
1154:Central Vermont Railway
1142:Grand Trunk Corporation
1136:Grand Trunk Corporation
1058:Canadian Pacific Hotels
881:Canada Atlantic Railway
868:(NTR) from Winnipeg to
678:, between 1895 and 1910
521:Grand Trunk Locomotive
422:Central Vermont Railway
71:more precise citations.
32:Grand Trunk Corporation
2418:Bangor & Aroostook
2285:Trans-Canada Air Lines
2191:Algoma Central Railway
2183:Wisconsin Central Ltd.
1717:Currie, A. W. (1957).
1693:10.1006/exeh.1995.1012
1303:(St. Clair Tunnel) to
1217:Sherbrooke Subdivision
1194:
996:
782:
718:
679:
627:
530:
316:
297:
174:and the U.S states of
2326:Under long-term lease
2046:Intercolonial Railway
1946:International Limited
1625:"Hickson, Sir Joseph"
1336:Gananoque Subdivision
1311:Southbend Subdivision
1229:, Saint-Hyacinthe to
1189:
1130:Point Edward, Ontario
990:
909:Charles Melville Hays
791:Great Western Railway
776:
716:
673:
665:Intercolonial Railway
621:
588:to Fort Gratiot (now
574:British North America
552:from Montreal to the
520:
498:Palmer, Massachusetts
295:
2251:Newfoundland Railway
1925:Named trains of the
1581:: 22. Archived from
1326:Cornwall Subdivision
1237:Montreal Subdivision
903:in North America at
872:, New Brunswick via
768:variable-gauge axles
638:, it stretched from
634:. On the eve of the
590:Port Huron, Michigan
448:Northwestern Ontario
18:Grand Trunk Railroad
2524:History of Montreal
2494:Grand Trunk Railway
2423:Boston & Albany
2260:Former subsidiaries
2102:Grand Trunk Railway
1928:Grand Trunk Railway
1771:Holt, Jeff (1986).
1122:St. Mary's Junction
1108:, Toronto, London,
1034:Grand Funk Railroad
779:Grand Trunk station
624:Bonaventure Station
302:Grand Trunk Railway
101:
100:Grand Trunk Railway
2302:Joint Partnerships
2030:component railways
1940:Inter-City Limited
1889:, pp. 348–358
1368:In popular culture
1346:Oshawa Subdivision
1313:, Battle Creek to
1292:(St. Clair Tunnel)
1286:Forest Subdivision
1276:Guelph Subdivision
1266:Halton Subdivision
1256:Weston Subdivision
1203:Berlin Subdivision
1195:
1060:; now part of the
1015:debt restructuring
997:
901:Continental Divide
858:Winnipeg, Manitoba
783:
719:
704:Fort Erie, Ontario
680:
636:American Civil War
628:
601:St. Lawrence River
531:
472:which operated in
446:which operated in
424:which operated in
394:, and westward to
388:St. Lawrence River
325:Canadian provinces
298:
210:Dates of operation
99:
2481:
2480:
2371:
2370:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2177:
2176:
2150:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2096:
2095:
2064:
2063:
1981:
1980:
1755:978-0-87013-406-7
1297:Flint Subdivision
1219:, Island Pond to
1169:Wisconsin Central
1112:/Port Huron, and
1094:Canadian National
1087:Grand Trunk today
939:Crown corporation
926:, begun in 1910.
708:Buffalo, New York
626:, Montreal, 1900s
529:, Montreal, 1859.
290:
289:
97:
96:
89:
16:(Redirected from
2586:
2438:Canadian Pacific
2433:Boston and Maine
2398:
2391:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2207:
2206:
2179:
2178:
2152:
2151:
2126:
2125:
2098:
2097:
2066:
2065:
2034:
2033:
2018:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1976:
1929:
1919:
1912:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1831:1857, 263 pages
1817:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1786:. Archived from
1776:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1734:
1713:
1704:
1675:
1638:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1572:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1546:Historica Canada
1531:
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1512:
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1491:
1488:
1434:
1429:
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1427:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1338:, Brockville to
1278:, Georgetown to
1181:Class I railroad
1165:Illinois Central
1074:Fort Garry Hotel
1032:, called itself
831:British Columbia
787:southern Ontario
764:gauge difference
761:
757:
755:
754:
750:
747:
739:
735:
729:Provincial Gauge
525:utilized on the
464:British Columbia
281:
276:
264:
258:
254:
252:
251:
247:
244:
172:British Columbia
109:
102:
98:
92:
85:
81:
78:
72:
67:this article by
58:inline citations
45:
44:
37:
21:
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2477:
2443:Central Vermont
2409:
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2358:
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2321:
2297:
2280:Terra Transport
2275:Marine Atlantic
2255:
2228:
2205:
2173:
2142:
2124:
2092:
2060:
2029:
2023:
2012:
1982:
1977:
1968:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1841:
1824:
1822:Primary sources
1793:
1791:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1731:
1656:10.2307/3114127
1619:
1614:
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1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1588:on 25 July 2020
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1522:Wayback Machine
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1409:
1404:Railways portal
1402:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1370:
1288:, St. Marys to
1221:Saint-Hyacinthe
1138:
1089:
1068:Hotel Macdonald
1054:Château Laurier
1042:
1030:Flint, Michigan
985:
969:Richelieu River
964:
958:
905:Yellowhead Pass
854:Wilfrid Laurier
823:
815:Saint-Hyacinthe
807:Bruce Peninsula
793:, running from
759:
752:
748:
745:
743:
742:4 ft
741:
737:
733:
724:
696:Victoria Bridge
685:Portland, Maine
613:Rivière-du-Loup
586:St. Clair River
572:connection" in
527:Victoria Bridge
515:
510:
494:Central Vermont
392:Portland, Maine
337:American states
279:
274:
260:
256:
249:
245:
242:
240:
239:4 ft
238:
213:1852–1923
116:
93:
82:
76:
73:
63:Please help to
62:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
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2011:
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1996:
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1840:
1839:External links
1837:
1836:
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1777:
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1705:
1687:(3): 273–301.
1676:
1639:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1599:
1558:
1526:
1507:
1505:, pp. 10.
1503:Hofsommer 1995
1492:
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1418:History portal
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1239:, Montreal to
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1137:
1134:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
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1065:
1041:
1038:
1010:Joseph Hickson
984:
981:
960:Main article:
957:
954:
839:Western Canada
822:
819:
723:
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622:Grand Trunk's
603:and the lower
514:
511:
509:
506:
486:
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467:
441:
419:
306:reporting mark
288:
287:
270:
269:Previous gauge
266:
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262:standard gauge
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148:
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138:Reporting mark
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26:
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2500:
2497:
2495:
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2471:
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2463:Maine Central
2461:
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2127:
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2017:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1986:
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1962:
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1815:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1790:on 2008-06-21
1789:
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1769:
1757:
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1650:(3): 314–36.
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1640:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1626:
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1620:
1608:
1603:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1575:Canadian Rail
1569:
1562:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1461:Joseph Hobson
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
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1438:
1437:
1433:
1432:Canada portal
1422:
1419:
1408:
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1394:
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1377:
1376:
1375:Downton Abbey
1365:
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1294:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1258:, Toronto to
1257:
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1251:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1192:Dubuque, Iowa
1188:
1184:
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1159:
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1123:
1117:
1115:
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1107:
1103:
1099:
1098:Drummondville
1095:
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1066:
1063:
1059:
1055:
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1048:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:Canadian Rail
994:
989:
980:
978:
974:
970:
963:
953:
949:
945:
943:
940:
934:
932:
931:Quebec Bridge
927:
925:
921:
917:
916:
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906:
902:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
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836:
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816:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
795:Niagara Falls
792:
788:
780:
775:
771:
769:
765:
760:1,435 mm
738:1,676 mm
731:
730:
715:
711:
709:
705:
701:
700:Niagara River
697:
692:
690:
686:
677:
672:
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646:
641:
637:
633:
625:
620:
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597:Confederation
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583:
579:
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563:
559:
555:
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439:
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434:Massachusetts
431:
427:
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412:New Hampshire
409:
405:
401:
400:
399:
397:
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389:
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357:New Hampshire
354:
353:Massachusetts
350:
346:
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294:
285:
280:1,676 mm
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257:1,435 mm
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180:New Hampshire
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39:
38:
33:
19:
2452:
2101:
1963:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1939:
1926:
1886:
1828:
1807:
1792:. Retrieved
1788:the original
1782:
1772:
1759:, retrieved
1740:
1719:
1709:
1684:
1680:
1647:
1643:
1628:
1617:Bibliography
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1583:the original
1574:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1539:
1529:
1510:
1486:
1373:
1371:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1328:, Dorval to
1319:
1305:Battle Creek
1248:, Dorval to
1196:
1190:GTW 4934 at
1162:
1139:
1118:
1114:Battle Creek
1090:
1080:Highland Inn
1043:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1007:
999:
998:
979:immigrants.
965:
950:
946:
935:
928:
914:
897:
895:until 1914.
889:Georgian Bay
878:
851:
824:
811:
784:
727:
725:
693:
681:
657:
653:Fenian raids
629:
594:
543:
534:
532:
522:
487:
456:Saskatchewan
381:
308:
301:
299:
164:Saskatchewan
126:Headquarters
83:
74:
55:
2453:Grand Trunk
2408:, pre-1930s
2406:New England
1856:GTR History
1775:. Railfare.
1457:, president
1211:Island Pond
874:Quebec City
645:War of 1812
605:Great Lakes
554:Canada East
546:Canada West
438:Connecticut
341:Connecticut
335:and in the
317:Grand Tronc
234:Track gauge
188:Connecticut
69:introducing
2488:Categories
2289:Air Canada
1958:Maple Leaf
1794:2017-08-29
1761:13 October
1592:17 January
1354:Aston Webb
1340:Belleville
1330:Brockville
1301:Port Huron
1270:Georgetown
1152:; and the
1040:GTR hotels
995:, England.
893:Parliament
649:Union Army
523:Trevithick
52:references
2468:New Haven
2349:CN Police
2271:CN Marine
1701:0014-4983
1672:155762840
1478:Footnotes
1280:St. Marys
1036:in 1969.
829:coast at
284:converted
272:Built to
228:Technical
218:Successor
77:June 2022
2354:CN Tower
2294:Via Rail
1952:La Salle
1551:25 March
1518:Archived
1390:See also
1260:Brampton
1231:Montreal
1207:Portland
1106:Kingston
1102:Montreal
956:Accident
843:Prairies
756: in
702:between
570:Maritime
566:Richmond
482:Illinois
474:Michigan
452:Manitoba
365:Montreal
349:Michigan
319:) was a
253: in
204:Illinois
192:Michigan
160:Manitoba
132:, Quebec
130:Montreal
121:Overview
2473:Rutland
2333:BC Rail
2019:
1664:3114127
1577:(143).
1315:Chicago
1250:Toronto
1158:Detroit
915:Titanic
870:Moncton
827:Pacific
803:Windsor
751:⁄
632:Halifax
582:Chicago
539:Toronto
508:History
478:Indiana
460:Alberta
430:Vermont
408:Vermont
384:Toronto
361:Vermont
333:Ontario
321:railway
286:by 1873
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