367:
344:
266:
241:
618:
373:
272:
43:
149:
3422:
Chegini N, Rong H, Dou Q, Kipersztok S, Williams RS (September 1996). "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor gene expression in human myometrium and leiomyomata and the direct action of GnRH analogs on myometrial smooth muscle cells and interaction with ovarian steroids in vitro".
1428:. During the reproductive years, pulse activity is critical for successful reproductive function as controlled by feedback loops. However, once a pregnancy is established, GnRH activity is not required. Pulsatile activity can be disrupted by hypothalamic-pituitary disease, either dysfunction (i.e.,
1691:
A Cochrane Review is available which investigates whether GnRH analogues, given before or alongside chemotherapy, could prevent damage to women's ovaries caused by chemotherapy. GnRH agonists appear to be effective in protecting the ovaries during chemotherapy, in terms of menstruation recovery or
1622:
Multiple neuronal regions in the limbic system send signals to the hypothalamus to modulate the amount of GnRH production and the frequency of pulses. This provides a possible explanation for why psychic influences typically affect female sexual function.
1475:
There are differences in GnRH secretion between females and males. In males, GnRH is secreted in pulses at a constant frequency; however, in females, the frequency of the pulses varies during the menstrual cycle, and there is a large surge of GnRH just before ovulation.
1606:
fish that become socially dominant in turn experience an upregulation of GnRH secretion whereas cichlid fish that are socially subordinate have a down regulation of GnRH secretion. Besides secretion, the social environment as well as their behavior affects the size of
1309:
representation, the sequence is given from amino terminus to carboxyl terminus; also standard is omission of the designation of chirality, with assumption that all amino acids are in their L- form. The abbreviations are the standard abbreviations for the corresponding
1726:
capacity beyond a male's natural testosterone level. Injections of GnRH in male birds immediately after an aggressive territorial encounter results in higher testosterone levels than is observed naturally during an aggressive territorial encounter.
2467:
Comite F, Cutler GB, Rivier J, Vale WW, Loriaux DL, Crowley WF (December 1981). "Short-term treatment of idiopathic precocious puberty with a long-acting analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. A preliminary report".
1700:
GnRH activity influences a variety of sexual behaviors. Increased levels of GnRH facilitate sexual displays and behavior in females. GnRH injections enhance copulation solicitation (a type of courtship display) in
380:
279:
2673:
DeVries MS, Winters CP, Jawor JM (June 2012). "Testosterone elevation and response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge by male northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) following aggressive behavior".
2339:
Chee SS, Espinoza WA, Iwaniuk AN, Pakan JM, Gutiérrez-Ibáñez C, Wylie DR, Hurd PL (January 2013). "Social status, breeding state, and GnRH soma size in convict cichlids (Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus)".
2253:
Franceschini I, Lomet D, Cateau M, Delsol G, Tillet Y, Caraty A (July 2006). "Kisspeptin immunoreactive cells of the ovine preoptic area and arcuate nucleus co-express estrogen receptor alpha".
2883:
Limonta P, Moretti RM, Montagnani
Marelli M, Motta M (December 2003). "The biology of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone: role in the control of tumor growth and progression in humans".
1742:
are poor caregivers to their offspring. These mice are more likely to leave their pups scattered rather than grouped together, and will take significantly longer to retrieve their pups.
1586:
GnRH is found in organs outside of the hypothalamus and pituitary, and its role in other life processes is poorly understood. For instance, there is likely to be a role for GnRH1 in the
5537:
2423:
Mills EGA, O'Byrne KT, Comninos AN. The Roles of the
Amygdala Kisspeptin System. Semin Reprod Med. 2019 Mar;37(2):64-70. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3400462. Epub 2019 Dec 17. PMID 31847026.
3016:
Williamson P, Lang J, Boyd Y (November 1991). "The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh) gene maps to mouse chromosome 14 and identifies a homologous region on human chromosome 8".
3340:
Kakar SS, Jennes L (November 1995). "Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor mRNAs in various non-reproductive human tissues".
3194:
Yang-Feng TL, Seeburg PH, Francke U (January 1986). "Human luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone gene (LHRH) is located on short arm of chromosome 8 (region 8p11.2----p21)".
2587:
Maney DL, Richardson RD, Wingfield JC (August 1997). "Central administration of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone-II enhances courtship behavior in a female sparrow".
1531:
originate in the nose and migrate into the brain, where they are scattered throughout the medial septum and hypothalamus and connected by very long >1-millimeter-long
5963:
5953:
1788:
Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone–releasing factor (LH/FSH-RF); Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH)
1785:
Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone–releasing factor (FSH/LH-RF); Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (FSH/LH-RH)
1772:
As with many hormones, GnRH has been called by various names in the medical literature over the decades since its existence was first inferred. They are as follows:
3096:
Nikolics K, Mason AJ, Szönyi E, Ramachandran J, Seeburg PH (1985). "A prolactin-inhibiting factor within the precursor for human gonadotropin-releasing hormone".
5530:
3143:"Isolation of the gene and hypothalamic cDNA for the common precursor of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prolactin release-inhibiting factor in human and rat"
3307:"Identification of a major up-stream transcription start site for the human progonadotropin-releasing hormone gene used in reproductive tissues and cell lines"
5897:
5882:
2630:
Schiml PA, Rissman EF (May 2000). "Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormones, corticotropin-releasing hormone, and vasopressin on female sexual behavior".
961:
5523:
4167:
942:
3371:"Cytotoxic analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing doxorubicin or 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin, a derivative 500-1000 times more potent"
202:
5460:
5455:
5445:
2772:
Flanagan CA, Millar RP, Illing N (May 1997). "Advances in understanding gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor structure and ligand interactions".
2503:
Sonis WA, Comite F, Pescovitz OH, Hench K, Rahn CW, Cutler GB, Loriaux DL, Klein RP (September 1986). "Biobehavioral aspects of precocious puberty".
1358:
3615:
1562:
appears to stimulate LH release (through GnRH) in estrogen-progesterone-primed females; dopamine may inhibit LH release in ovariectomized females.
5794:
60:
5490:
2540:"Adjuvant gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure in premenopausal women"
17:
5655:
1918:
107:
1900:
5738:
5665:
5515:
5410:
79:
1808:
1409:. This results in the activation of proteins involved in the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins LH and FSH. GnRH is degraded by
5913:
5748:
5743:
5728:
5708:
5693:
4533:
4505:
4402:
3276:
Tan L, Rousseau P (December 1982). "The chemical identity of the immunoreactive LHRH-like peptide biosynthesized in the human placenta".
1472:. Low-frequency GnRH pulses are required for FSH release, whereas high-frequency GnRH pulses stimulate LH pulses in a one-to-one manner.
1271:
2719:"Maternal behavior in transgenic mice with reduced fibroblast growth factor receptor function in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons"
5718:
5640:
5590:
5585:
4185:
3785:
1602:
GnRH production/release is one of the few confirmed examples in which behavior influences hormones, rather than the other way around.
86:
5723:
3735:
3369:
Nagy A, Schally AV, Armatis P, Szepeshazi K, Halmos G, Kovacs M, Zarandi M, Groot K, Miyazaki M, Jungwirth A, Horvath J (July 1996).
1645:
hydrochloride (Factrel) and gonadorelin diacetate tetrahydrate (Cystorelin) for use in treating human diseases. Modifications of the
1483:
in all vertebrates, and is necessary for correct reproductive function. Thus, a single hormone, GnRH1, controls a complex process of
1176:
1169:
3641:
5566:
5546:
5036:
4361:
3649:
1394:
3532:"The presence and ancestral role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the reproduction of scleractinian coral, Euphyllia ancora"
93:
5968:
3900:
3659:
1636:
3497:"Characterization of multiple promoters directing tissue-specific expression of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene"
5958:
5843:
4603:
4134:
2920:
Janáky T, Juhász A, Bajusz S, Csernus V, Srkalovic G, Bokser L, Milovanovic S, Redding TW, Rékási Z, Nagy A (February 1992).
2072:
1823:
1267:
1883:
5938:
4285:
4180:
4175:
3608:
75:
5943:
3966:
3870:
1862:
1779:
Follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing factor (FRF, FSH-RF); Follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (FRH, FSH-RH)
3231:
Seeburg PH, Adelman JP (1984). "Characterization of cDNA for precursor of human luteinizing hormone releasing hormone".
4246:
4218:
366:
1792:
1236:
126:
2214:"Minireview: kisspeptin neurons as central processors in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion"
4706:
4151:
1398:
343:
2296:
Schally AV (1999). "Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs: their impact on the control of tumorigenesis".
5400:
4280:
3601:
1887:
1866:
1834:
1615:
than males that are less territorial. Differences are also seen in females, with brooding females having smaller
2090:"Role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse frequency in differential regulation of gonadotropins in the gilt"
4812:
4435:
4371:
3593:
1006:
64:
4827:
4295:
4270:
5545:
987:
100:
5867:
5818:
5415:
4884:
4879:
4621:
4336:
4083:
3822:
3817:
1998:
1619:
than either spawning or control females. These examples suggest that GnRH is a socially regulated hormone.
1464:(LH). These processes are controlled by the size and frequency of GnRH pulses, as well as by feedback from
1457:
1240:
265:
240:
182:
2801:
Leung PC, Cheng CK, Zhu XM (April 2003). "Multi-factorial role of GnRH-I and GnRH-II in the human ovary".
1326:
at the carboxyl terminus indicates that rather than terminating as a free carboxylate, it terminates as a
5978:
5029:
4366:
4346:
4091:
1839:
379:
278:
5948:
4992:
4874:
2130:
1738:
behavior. In comparison to female mice with a normal GnRH system, female mice with a 30% decrease in
372:
271:
5983:
5973:
5435:
4997:
3982:
1594:. GnRH and GnRH receptors are also found in cancers of the breast, ovary, prostate, and endometrium.
1441:
1374:
4555:
169:
4626:
3809:
1969:
1782:
Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF, LHRF); Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH, LHRH)
1429:
1311:
1131:
1076:
190:
1546:
are regulated by many different afferent neurons, using several different transmitters (including
5813:
4855:
4139:
1731:
1390:
53:
3530:
Twan WH, Hwang JS, Lee YH, Jeng SR, Yueh WS, Tung YH, Wu HF, Dufour S, Chang CF (January 2006).
1661:) the gonadotropins. These synthetic analogs have replaced the natural hormone in clinical use.
1152:
1127:
1101:
1080:
5670:
5485:
5022:
4701:
4678:
4430:
4211:
4045:
173:, GNRH, GRH, HH12, LHRH, LNRH, gonadotropin releasing hormone 1, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
2003:"Dendro-dendritic bundling and shared synapses between gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons"
1756:
The natural hormone is also used in veterinary medicine as a treatment for cattle with cystic
1397:(GnRHR), a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor that stimulates the beta isoform of
5993:
5988:
5785:
5555:
4447:
4075:
4037:
1702:
4410:
1566:
appears to be an important regulator of GnRH release. GnRH release can also be regulated by
5862:
5430:
4087:
3382:
3240:
3154:
3105:
2933:
2014:
1709:, GnRH injections facilitate sexual behavior of female display behaviors as shown with the
254:
210:
8:
5823:
5287:
4987:
4593:
4588:
4560:
4523:
4356:
4341:
4305:
4079:
4003:
3923:
3827:
2383:
1480:
1461:
1244:
3386:
3244:
3158:
3109:
2937:
2018:
5558:
5119:
5094:
4328:
4057:
4007:
3448:
3264:
3219:
3129:
3041:
2908:
2826:
2745:
2718:
2699:
2655:
2612:
2564:
2539:
2364:
2321:
2278:
2189:
2164:
2037:
2002:
1685:
1248:
214:
3353:
3177:
3142:
3079:
3054:
2999:
2974:
2866:
2839:
2814:
2516:
2309:
1937:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
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841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
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811:
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766:
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5063:
4515:
4204:
4095:
3582:
3573:
3553:
3518:
3483:
3440:
3410:
3405:
3370:
3357:
3328:
3293:
3289:
3256:
3211:
3182:
3121:
3084:
3033:
3004:
2961:
2956:
2921:
2900:
2871:
2818:
2789:
2750:
2691:
2647:
2604:
2569:
2520:
2485:
2406:
2356:
2313:
2270:
2235:
2194:
2111:
2068:
2042:
1776:
Gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF, GRF); Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, GRH)
1575:
1520:
1445:
1319:
1296:
1290:
162:
3452:
3045:
2912:
2830:
2616:
2325:
2282:
5877:
5872:
5595:
4482:
4477:
4053:
3986:
3978:
3956:
3670:
3543:
3508:
3473:
3432:
3400:
3390:
3349:
3318:
3285:
3268:
3248:
3223:
3203:
3172:
3162:
3133:
3113:
3074:
3066:
3055:"The complete nucleotide sequence of the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene"
3025:
2994:
2986:
2951:
2941:
2892:
2861:
2851:
2810:
2781:
2740:
2730:
2703:
2683:
2639:
2596:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2512:
2477:
2398:
2368:
2348:
2305:
2262:
2225:
2184:
2176:
2138:
2101:
2032:
2022:
1949:
1484:
1437:
1406:
459:
390:
334:
289:
2659:
194:
5450:
5175:
5165:
4807:
4440:
4235:
4049:
3860:
2266:
1954:
1818:
1757:
1681:
1677:
1658:
1496:
1382:
1378:
1286:
1255:
434:
218:
3623:
2922:"Analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing cytotoxic groups"
2896:
2687:
2481:
2106:
2089:
1923:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1905:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1764:
is used in veterinary reproductive control through a sustained-release implant.
5892:
5470:
5465:
5198:
5193:
5170:
5072:
4959:
4928:
4900:
4845:
4457:
4388:
4145:
4061:
4027:
4015:
3837:
3375:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3147:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2926:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2007:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1938:"Evolution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) structure and its receptor"
1813:
1715:
1547:
1440:
increases pulse activity leading to disorderly LH and FSH activity, as seen in
1283:
1252:
535:
4740:
3436:
3323:
3306:
2352:
1719:) reduced latency in displaying rump presents and tail wagging towards males.
617:
5932:
5828:
5147:
5142:
5109:
4969:
4745:
3070:
2990:
2180:
1673:
1669:
1524:
1492:
1354:
646:
3513:
3496:
3462:"Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery"
3395:
2454:
2402:
2027:
595:
473:
5475:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5303:
5298:
5049:
4752:
4688:
4673:
4636:
4583:
4550:
4290:
4257:
3933:
3896:
3890:
3886:
3878:
3800:
3633:
3557:
2904:
2875:
2856:
2822:
2754:
2735:
2695:
2651:
2643:
2600:
2573:
2410:
2360:
2317:
2274:
2239:
2198:
2046:
1723:
1654:
1508:
1350:. In mammals, the linear decapeptide end-product is synthesized from an 89-
1347:
1263:
452:
231:
5014:
3522:
3487:
3444:
3414:
3361:
3332:
3297:
3260:
3215:
3186:
3167:
3125:
3088:
3037:
3008:
2965:
2946:
2793:
2785:
2608:
2524:
2489:
2115:
1216:
1211:
30:
This article is about GnRH as a hormone. For its use as a medication, see
5660:
5635:
5620:
5480:
5390:
5318:
5293:
5229:
5214:
5134:
5104:
5089:
4936:
4913:
4415:
4318:
4116:
4067:
4023:
4019:
4011:
3996:
3990:
3927:
3917:
3725:
3710:
3690:
3548:
3531:
2437:
2230:
2213:
1751:
1739:
1665:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1571:
1543:
1528:
1425:
1410:
1386:
1327:
1259:
1051:
1032:
31:
2142:
1527:
of the hypothalamus, which contains most of the GnRH-secreting neurons.
5887:
5833:
5795:
5760:
5698:
5610:
5605:
5282:
5246:
5236:
5219:
5185:
5157:
5114:
4964:
4850:
4500:
4452:
4381:
4376:
4111:
4041:
3832:
3776:
3751:
3685:
3680:
3478:
3461:
3207:
3029:
2165:"GnRH pulsatility, the pituitary response and reproductive dysfunction"
1761:
1710:
1563:
1351:
351:
248:
198:
5495:
5775:
5770:
5713:
5703:
5650:
5645:
5630:
5625:
5600:
5420:
5405:
5251:
5241:
5224:
5081:
4767:
4696:
4578:
4490:
4425:
4351:
4071:
4031:
3913:
3909:
3882:
3781:
3761:
3756:
3720:
3715:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3675:
3252:
3117:
2882:
2449:
2432:
2131:"Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) and the GnRH Receptor (GnRHR)"
1555:
1539:
input, a process that allows them to synchronize their GnRH release.
1488:
1469:
1465:
1433:
1417:
906:
418:
405:
317:
304:
206:
1680:, and following research in the 1980s by researchers, including Dr.
42:
5765:
5755:
5733:
5683:
5395:
5374:
5369:
5313:
4918:
4817:
4799:
4757:
4735:
4658:
4650:
4631:
4613:
4542:
4420:
4313:
4275:
3974:
3771:
3746:
1735:
1587:
1567:
1559:
1532:
1362:
1357:
in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus. It is the target of various
1200:
148:
5688:
5440:
5425:
5045:
4822:
4789:
4784:
4776:
4663:
4598:
4469:
4227:
4106:
3587:
3577:
2840:"Role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in ovarian cancer"
1706:
1603:
1536:
1512:
1456:
At the pituitary, GnRH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of
1421:
1402:
1306:
1018:
973:
891:
887:
1359:
regulatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
186:
5567:
5547:
5361:
4946:
4908:
4727:
4668:
3095:
1591:
1516:
1184:
928:
626:
3901:
3141:
Adelman JP, Mason AJ, Hayflick JS, Seeburg PH (January 1986).
5844:
5274:
4979:
4954:
4865:
4837:
4570:
2252:
1828:
3572:
Overview of all the structural information available in the
3368:
1997:
1611:. Specifically, males that are more territorial have larger
4196:
3140:
2972:
1551:
1339:
3495:
Dong KW, Yu KL, Chen ZG, Chen YD, Roberts JL (July 1997).
5500:
2973:
Healey SC, Martin NG, Chenevix-Trench G (November 1991).
2919:
2502:
3421:
2586:
2338:
726:
cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane
442:
5800:
Tooltip
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor
3193:
5905:
4168:
3967:
3941:
3934:
3871:
3642:
3625:
3052:
2466:
1692:
maintenance, premature ovarian failure and ovulation.
4245:
2384:"Social regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone"
607:
3425:
The
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
2771:
2211:
2087:
1649:
structure of GnRH to increase half life have led to
862:
negative regulation of cell population proliferation
747:
negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation
3965:Sex steroid agonists (via negative feedback on the
3459:
3278:
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
3053:Hayflick JS, Adelman JP, Seeburg PH (August 1989).
2975:"NcoI RFLP of the human LHRH gene on chromosome 8p"
2672:
2538:Chen H, Xiao L, Li J, Cui L, Huang W (March 2019).
2505:
Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry
2058:
2056:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3869:Sex steroid antagonists (via disinhibition of the
3460:Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996).
3015:
2381:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1809:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor § Agonists
5964:Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis
2716:
2382:White SA, Nguyen T, Fernald RD (September 2002).
1730:A compromised GnRH system has adverse effects on
1444:(PCOS). GnRH formation is congenitally absent in
389:
288:
5954:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropins
5930:
3529:
2212:Dungan HM, Clifton DK, Steiner RA (March 2006).
2088:Jayes FC, Britt JH, Esbenshade KL (April 1997).
2053:
2001:, Gaidamaka G, Han SK, Herbison AE (June 2009).
1970:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977"
5572:Tooltip Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor
5552:Tooltip Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor
2162:
2128:
1872:
1851:
1535:. These bundle together so they receive shared
1432:) or organic lesions (trauma, tumor). Elevated
1282:The identity of GnRH was clarified by the 1977
670:gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding
665:gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity
5491:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide
4104:Others (mixed or unknown mechanism of action):
3906:Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators
3494:
3230:
1993:
1991:
1884:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000015812
5849:Tooltip Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor
5531:
5411:Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript
5030:
4212:
3609:
3304:
2837:
2800:
2629:
2537:
2067:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3305:Dong KW, Yu KL, Roberts JL (December 1993).
2717:Brooks LR, Le CD, Chung WC, Tsai PS (2012).
2710:
2666:
2623:
2375:
2332:
2289:
2246:
2205:
1436:levels decrease GnRH activity. In contrast,
872:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
5044:
3808:
3339:
3275:
2580:
2544:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1988:
1863:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147437
1523:. A key area for production of GnRH is the
1381:. The portal blood carries the GnRH to the
5888:Menotropin (human menopausal gonadotropin)
5834:Menotropin (human menopausal gonadotropin)
5538:
5524:
5037:
5023:
4219:
4205:
3616:
3602:
1668:is used for continuous infusion, to treat
1641:Natural GnRH was previously prescribed as
852:regulation of ovarian follicle development
3547:
3512:
3477:
3404:
3394:
3322:
3176:
3166:
3078:
2998:
2955:
2945:
2865:
2855:
2744:
2734:
2563:
2229:
2188:
2105:
2036:
2026:
1953:
1695:
1684:of Yale University, it was used to treat
1270:. It constitutes the initial step in the
867:regulation of signaling receptor activity
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2062:
1451:
807:negative regulation of apoptotic process
2460:
2295:
2163:Tsutsumi R, Webster NJ (17 July 2009).
1935:
1395:gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor
1361:, such as being inhibited by increased
1346:, for the GnRH precursor is located on
1299:-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH
757:negative regulation of neuron migration
27:Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
14:
5931:
3946:Tooltip gonadotropin-releasing hormone
3630:Tooltip Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
2844:Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
2135:The Global Library of Women's Medicine
1637:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist
1597:
1570:. It has been reported that there are
5519:
5018:
4200:
3597:
2453:
2436:
2065:An introduction to Neuroendocrinology
1824:Gonadotropin surge-attenuating factor
1322:, a derivative of glutamic acid. The
1268:gonadotropin-releasing hormone family
394:
355:
350:
293:
252:
247:
4171:and gonadotropin receptor modulators
2838:GrĂĽndker C, Emons G (October 2003).
2803:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
2496:
1389:cells, where GnRH activates its own
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
3196:Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics
3018:Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics
2470:The New England Journal of Medicine
2391:The Journal of Experimental Biology
1942:Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
1722:An elevation of GnRH raises males’
1653:medications that either stimulate (
1272:hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
767:response to organic cyclic compound
24:
2764:
817:multicellular organism development
25:
6005:
4186:Progestogens and antiprogestogens
3786:+estradiol/norethisterone acetate
3566:
2455:FDA Professional Drug Information
1745:
1416:GnRH activity is very low during
4707:5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
1399:Phosphoinositide phospholipase C
616:
378:
371:
365:
342:
277:
270:
264:
239:
147:
76:"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone"
41:
5401:Calcitonin gene-related peptide
2885:Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
2531:
2443:
2426:
2417:
2156:
2122:
1835:Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone
1626:
1581:
1502:
1495:maintenance in the female, and
1239:responsible for the release of
52:needs additional citations for
2723:Behavioral and Brain Functions
2556:10.1002/14651858.cd008018.pub3
2129:Ehlers K, Halvorson L (2013).
2081:
1962:
1929:
1911:
1893:
1767:
1258:synthesized and released from
1229:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
827:response to lipopolysaccharide
627:More reference expression data
596:More reference expression data
512:right hemisphere of cerebellum
18:Gonadotropin releasing hormone
13:
1:
5969:Human female endocrine system
3354:10.1016/S0304-3835(06)80010-8
2815:10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00076-5
2517:10.1016/S0002-7138(09)60293-4
2310:10.1016/S0196-9781(99)00130-8
1845:
837:regulation of gene expression
363:
262:
5959:Gynaecological endocrinology
5868:Follicle-stimulating hormone
5819:Human chorionic gonadotropin
5416:Delta-sleep-inducing peptide
4226:
4084:hydroxyprogesterone caproate
3823:Human chorionic gonadotropin
3818:Follicle-stimulating hormone
3586:(Progonadoliberin-1) at the
3290:10.1016/0006-291X(82)92047-2
2267:10.1016/j.neulet.2006.03.039
1572:kisspeptin-producing neurons
1458:follicle-stimulating hormone
1401:, which goes on to mobilize
1333:
1277:
1241:follicle-stimulating hormone
7:
5939:Genes on human chromosome 8
4181:Estrogens and antiestrogens
4176:Androgens and antiandrogens
4092:medroxyprogesterone acetate
2897:10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.10.003
2688:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.05.008
2482:10.1056/NEJM198112243052602
2107:10.1095/biolreprod56.4.1012
1840:Breastfeeding and fertility
1802:
1368:
822:response to prostaglandin E
802:response to peptide hormone
792:response to steroid hormone
10:
6010:
5944:Animal reproductive system
4875:Insulin-like growth factor
2341:Behavioural Brain Research
1749:
1630:
1377:portal bloodstream at the
832:response to corticosteroid
508:mucosa of transverse colon
29:
5842:
5793:
5784:
5565:
5436:Gastrin-releasing peptide
5383:
5360:
5329:
5273:
5264:
5207:
5184:
5156:
5133:
5080:
5071:
5056:
4978:
4945:
4927:
4899:
4864:
4836:
4798:
4775:
4766:
4726:
4719:
4687:
4649:
4612:
4569:
4541:
4532:
4514:
4468:
4401:
4327:
4304:
4256:
4234:
4129:
3955:
3859:
3850:
3799:
3734:
3658:
3640:
3437:10.1210/jcem.81.9.8784072
3324:10.1210/mend.7.12.8145771
2438:Consumer Drug Information
2353:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.023
1919:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1901:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1760:. The synthetic analogue
1442:polycystic ovary syndrome
1312:proteinogenic amino acids
1266:. The peptide belongs to
1215:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1183:
1164:
1149:
1145:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1098:
1094:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1049:
1045:
1030:
1026:
1017:
1004:
1000:
985:
981:
972:
959:
955:
940:
936:
927:
912:
905:
901:
885:
762:response to potassium ion
645:
641:
624:
615:
606:
593:
542:
533:
504:Descending thoracic aorta
480:
471:
441:
433:
429:
412:
399:
362:
341:
332:
328:
311:
298:
261:
238:
229:
225:
180:
177:
167:
160:
155:
146:
141:
5636:Leuprorelin (leuprolide)
3711:Leuprorelin (leuprolide)
2181:10.1507/endocrj.K09E-185
1955:10.22358/jafs/66031/2012
1795:for pharmaceutical form)
1430:hypothalamic suppression
1373:GnRH is secreted in the
1177:Chr 14: 67.98 – 67.99 Mb
772:response to testosterone
696:Golgi-associated vesicle
5814:Choriogonadotropin alfa
3514:10.1210/endo.138.7.5249
3396:10.1073/pnas.93.14.7269
3311:Molecular Endocrinology
2774:Reviews of Reproduction
2403:10.1242/jeb.205.17.2567
2094:Biology of Reproduction
2028:10.1073/pnas.0903463106
1732:reproductive physiology
1576:estrogen receptor alpha
1515:produced in a specific
1170:Chr 8: 25.42 – 25.42 Mb
5671:Zoptarelin doxorubicin
5486:Pancreatic polypeptide
4702:N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
4679:Pancreatic polypeptide
3071:10.1093/nar/17.15.6403
3059:Nucleic Acids Research
2991:10.1093/nar/19.21.6059
2979:Nucleic Acids Research
2857:10.1186/1477-7827-1-65
2736:10.1186/1744-9081-8-47
2644:10.1006/hbeh.2000.1575
2601:10.1006/hbeh.1997.1399
1703:white-crowned sparrows
1696:Animal sexual behavior
1420:, and is activated at
1413:within a few minutes.
812:male sex determination
706:neurosecretory vesicle
570:neural layer of retina
5749:Teverelix (antarelix)
5556:gonadotropin receptor
4076:chlormadinone acetate
3168:10.1073/pnas.83.1.179
2947:10.1073/pnas.89.3.972
2786:10.1530/ror.0.0020113
2676:Hormones and Behavior
2632:Hormones and Behavior
2589:Hormones and Behavior
1976:. Nobel Media AB 2014
1507:GnRH is considered a
1452:Control of FSH and LH
1385:, which contains the
752:response to prolactin
492:cerebellar hemisphere
357:Chromosome 14 (mouse)
5863:Corifollitropin alfa
5729:Ornirelix (ornitide)
5431:Galanin-like peptide
4088:gestonorone caproate
3924:Aromatase inhibitors
3549:10.1210/en.2005-0584
2255:Neuroscience Letters
2231:10.1210/en.2005-1282
1519:and released at its
1365:levels in the body.
701:extracellular region
255:Chromosome 8 (human)
61:improve this article
5898:Varfollitropin alfa
5883:Follitropin epsilon
5824:Luteinizing hormone
4988:Natriuretic peptide
4306:Posterior pituitary
4291:Somatostatin (GHIH)
4080:cyproterone acetate
4008:prolactin releasers
3828:Luteinizing hormone
3387:1996PNAS...93.7269N
3245:1984Natur.311..666S
3159:1986PNAS...83..179A
3110:1985Natur.316..511N
2938:1992PNAS...89..972J
2143:10.3843/GLOWM.10285
2019:2009PNAS..10610835C
1598:Effects of behavior
1462:luteinizing hormone
1305:As is standard for
1245:luteinizing hormone
857:signal transduction
847:response to ethanol
787:cell-cell signaling
731:extracellular space
5979:Precursor proteins
4329:Anterior pituitary
4156:Never to phase III
4058:diethylstilbestrol
3479:10.1101/gr.6.9.791
3208:10.1007/BF01560732
3030:10.1007/BF01233626
2397:(Pt 17): 2567–81.
1974:www.nobelprize.org
1936:Kochman K (2012).
1686:precocious puberty
1574:that also express
1479:GnRH secretion is
1318:, which refers to
1249:anterior pituitary
1007:ENSMUSG00000015812
740:Biological process
679:Cellular component
653:Molecular function
5949:Antigonadotropins
5926:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5719:Iturelix (antide)
5513:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5260:
5259:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5007:
4895:
4894:
4715:
4714:
4645:
4644:
4397:
4396:
4194:
4193:
4125:
4124:
4096:megestrol acetate
3987:nandrolone esters
3979:anabolic steroids
3957:Antigonadotropins
3846:
3845:
3795:
3794:
2169:Endocrine Journal
2074:978-0-521-42665-7
2063:Brown RM (1994).
1558:). For instance,
1446:Kallmann syndrome
1320:pyroglutamic acid
1291:Andrew V. Schally
1237:releasing hormone
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1195:
1194:
1160:
1159:
1139:
1138:
1109:
1108:
1088:
1087:
1058:
1057:
1039:
1038:
1013:
1012:
994:
993:
968:
967:
949:
948:
897:
896:
721:neuron projection
637:
636:
633:
632:
602:
601:
589:
588:
527:
526:
425:
424:
324:
323:
219:GNRH1 - orthologs
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
6001:
5984:Progonadotropins
5974:Peptide hormones
5907:
5878:Follitropin beta
5873:Follitropin alfa
5850:
5846:
5801:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5596:Azagly-nafarelin
5573:
5569:
5553:
5549:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5517:
5516:
5271:
5270:
5078:
5077:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5016:
5015:
4773:
4772:
4768:Digestive system
4724:
4723:
4539:
4538:
4478:Thyroid hormones
4254:
4253:
4243:
4242:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4198:
4197:
4170:
4054:ethinylestradiol
4050:estradiol esters
3969:
3947:
3943:
3936:
3907:
3903:
3873:
3861:Progonadotropins
3857:
3856:
3806:
3805:
3671:Azagly-nafarelin
3656:
3655:
3644:
3631:
3627:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3595:
3594:
3561:
3551:
3526:
3516:
3491:
3481:
3456:
3418:
3408:
3398:
3365:
3336:
3326:
3301:
3272:
3253:10.1038/311666a0
3227:
3190:
3180:
3170:
3137:
3118:10.1038/316511a0
3092:
3082:
3049:
3012:
3002:
2969:
2959:
2949:
2916:
2879:
2869:
2859:
2834:
2797:
2759:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2567:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2388:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2233:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2192:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2109:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2040:
2030:
2013:(26): 10835–40.
1995:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1897:
1891:
1881:
1870:
1860:
1831:, a similar gene
1659:GnRH antagonists
1438:hyperinsulinemia
1407:protein kinase C
1208:
1207:
1179:
1172:
1155:
1143:
1142:
1134:
1118:
1117:
1114:RefSeq (protein)
1104:
1092:
1091:
1083:
1067:
1066:
1043:
1042:
1024:
1023:
998:
997:
979:
978:
953:
952:
934:
933:
903:
902:
782:female pregnancy
660:hormone activity
643:
642:
629:
620:
613:
612:
598:
562:secondary oocyte
538:
536:Top expressed in
531:
530:
516:popliteal artery
476:
474:Top expressed in
469:
468:
448:
447:
431:
430:
421:
408:
397:
382:
375:
369:
358:
346:
330:
329:
320:
307:
296:
281:
274:
268:
257:
243:
227:
226:
221:
172:
165:
151:
139:
138:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
6009:
6008:
6004:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5999:
5998:
5929:
5928:
5927:
5918:
5848:
5838:
5799:
5780:
5571:
5561:
5551:
5544:
5514:
5505:
5461:Neuropeptide VF
5456:Neuropeptide SF
5451:Neuropeptide FF
5446:Neuropeptide AF
5379:
5356:
5325:
5266:
5256:
5203:
5180:
5152:
5129:
5098:
5073:Opioid peptides
5067:
5052:
5043:
5013:
5004:
4974:
4941:
4923:
4891:
4860:
4832:
4794:
4762:
4711:
4683:
4641:
4608:
4565:
4528:
4510:
4494:
4486:
4464:
4448:Adrenal medulla
4441:Androstenedione
4393:
4323:
4300:
4248:
4237:
4230:
4225:
4195:
4190:
4161:
4146:Clinical trials
4121:
4000:
3951:
3945:
3905:
3852:
3842:
3791:
3730:
3647:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3569:
3564:
3466:Genome Research
3381:(14): 7269–73.
3317:(12): 1654–66.
3239:(5987): 666–8.
3104:(6028): 511–7.
2809:(1–2): 145–53.
2767:
2765:Further reading
2762:
2715:
2711:
2671:
2667:
2628:
2624:
2585:
2581:
2550:(8): CD008018.
2536:
2532:
2501:
2497:
2476:(26): 1546–50.
2465:
2461:
2448:
2444:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2386:
2380:
2376:
2337:
2333:
2304:(10): 1247–62.
2294:
2290:
2251:
2247:
2210:
2206:
2161:
2157:
2147:
2145:
2127:
2123:
2086:
2082:
2075:
2061:
2054:
1996:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1934:
1930:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1882:
1873:
1861:
1852:
1848:
1819:Progonadotropin
1805:
1770:
1758:ovarian disease
1754:
1748:
1698:
1682:Florence Comite
1678:prostate cancer
1657:) or suppress (
1639:
1631:Main articles:
1629:
1600:
1584:
1521:neural terminal
1505:
1497:spermatogenesis
1454:
1383:pituitary gland
1379:median eminence
1371:
1336:
1303:
1302:
1287:Roger Guillemin
1284:Nobel Laureates
1280:
1256:peptide hormone
1217:View/Edit Mouse
1212:View/Edit Human
1175:
1168:
1165:Location (UCSC)
1151:
1130:
1126:
1100:
1079:
1075:
988:ENSG00000147437
881:
842:ovulation cycle
735:
674:
625:
594:
585:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
534:
523:
520:tibial arteries
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
500:ascending aorta
498:
494:
490:
486:
472:
416:
403:
395:
385:
384:
383:
376:
356:
333:Gene location (
315:
302:
294:
284:
283:
282:
275:
253:
230:Gene location (
181:
168:
161:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6007:
5997:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5924:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5917:
5916:
5901:
5900:
5895:
5893:Urofollitropin
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5853:
5851:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5804:
5802:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5576:
5574:
5563:
5562:
5543:
5542:
5535:
5528:
5520:
5511:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5471:Neuropeptide Y
5468:
5466:Neuropeptide S
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5377:
5372:
5366:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5308:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5285:
5279:
5277:
5268:
5262:
5261:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5222:
5217:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5199:Leu-enkephalin
5196:
5194:Met-enkephalin
5190:
5188:
5182:
5181:
5179:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5162:
5160:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5150:
5145:
5139:
5137:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5125:β-Neoendorphin
5122:
5120:α-Neoendorphin
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5101:
5100:
5096:
5086:
5084:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5053:
5042:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5019:
5010:
5009:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4984:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4951:
4949:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4933:
4931:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4905:
4903:
4901:Adipose tissue
4897:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4871:
4869:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4846:Enteroglucagon
4842:
4840:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4787:
4781:
4779:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4746:Beta thymosins
4743:
4732:
4730:
4721:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4693:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4655:
4653:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4618:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4547:
4545:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4520:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4458:Norepinephrine
4455:
4445:
4444:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4411:Adrenal cortex
4407:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4333:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4310:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4251:
4240:
4232:
4231:
4224:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4201:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4165:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4154:
4143:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4100:
4099:
4065:
4062:paroxypropione
4035:
4028:chlorpromazine
4016:metoclopramide
3998:
3994:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3931:
3921:
3894:
3865:
3863:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3838:Urofollitropin
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3814:
3812:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3779:
3774:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3740:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3664:
3662:
3653:
3638:
3637:
3621:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3568:
3567:External links
3565:
3563:
3562:
3542:(1): 397–406.
3527:
3507:(7): 2754–62.
3492:
3472:(9): 791–806.
3457:
3431:(9): 3215–21.
3419:
3366:
3342:Cancer Letters
3337:
3302:
3284:(3): 1061–71.
3273:
3228:
3191:
3138:
3093:
3065:(15): 6403–4.
3050:
3013:
2970:
2917:
2880:
2835:
2798:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2709:
2665:
2622:
2579:
2530:
2495:
2459:
2442:
2425:
2416:
2374:
2331:
2288:
2245:
2204:
2155:
2121:
2080:
2073:
2052:
1987:
1961:
1928:
1910:
1892:
1871:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1814:GnRH modulator
1811:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1769:
1766:
1750:Main article:
1747:
1746:Veterinary use
1744:
1716:Suncus murinus
1697:
1694:
1655:GnRH1 agonists
1628:
1625:
1599:
1596:
1583:
1580:
1548:norepinephrine
1504:
1501:
1453:
1450:
1370:
1367:
1335:
1332:
1300:
1295:
1279:
1276:
1247:(LH) from the
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1204:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1122:
1121:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1002:
1001:
995:
992:
991:
983:
982:
976:
970:
969:
966:
965:
957:
956:
950:
947:
946:
938:
937:
931:
925:
924:
919:
914:
910:
909:
899:
898:
895:
894:
883:
882:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
743:
741:
737:
736:
734:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
682:
680:
676:
675:
673:
672:
667:
662:
656:
654:
650:
649:
639:
638:
635:
634:
631:
630:
622:
621:
610:
604:
603:
600:
599:
591:
590:
587:
586:
584:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
554:embryonic cell
551:
547:
546:primary oocyte
543:
540:
539:
528:
525:
524:
522:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
478:
477:
465:
464:
456:
445:
439:
438:
435:RNA expression
427:
426:
423:
422:
414:
410:
409:
401:
398:
393:
387:
386:
377:
370:
364:
360:
359:
354:
348:
347:
339:
338:
326:
325:
322:
321:
313:
309:
308:
300:
297:
292:
286:
285:
276:
269:
263:
259:
258:
251:
245:
244:
236:
235:
223:
222:
179:
175:
174:
166:
158:
157:
153:
152:
144:
143:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6006:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5915:
5912:
5911:Non-peptides:
5909:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5829:Lutropin alfa
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5798:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:Non-peptides:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5570:
5564:
5560:
5557:
5550:
5541:
5536:
5534:
5529:
5527:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5386:
5382:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5367:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5267:neuropeptides
5263:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5206:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5183:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5149:
5148:Endomorphin-2
5146:
5144:
5143:Endomorphin-1
5141:
5140:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5110:Big dynorphin
5108:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5066:
5065:
5059:
5055:
5051:
5050:neuropeptides
5047:
5040:
5035:
5033:
5028:
5026:
5021:
5020:
5017:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4970:Prostaglandin
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4797:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4718:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4652:
4648:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4531:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4489:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4390:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:Hypothalamic–
4244:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4229:
4222:
4217:
4215:
4210:
4208:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4005:
4002:
3995:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3904:
3898:
3897:Antiestrogens
3895:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3879:Antiandrogens
3877:
3875:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3849:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3801:Gonadotropins
3798:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3639:
3635:
3634:gonadotropins
3628:
3619:
3614:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3596:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3536:Endocrinology
3533:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3501:Endocrinology
3498:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3202:(1): 95–100.
3201:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3153:(1): 179–83.
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3024:(6): 609–15.
3023:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2891:(4): 279–95.
2890:
2886:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2780:(2): 113–20.
2779:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2682:(1): 99–105.
2681:
2677:
2669:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2638:(3): 212–20.
2637:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2534:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2463:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2420:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2261:(3): 225–30.
2260:
2256:
2249:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2224:(3): 1154–8.
2223:
2219:
2218:Endocrinology
2215:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:(6): 729–37.
2174:
2170:
2166:
2159:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2100:(4): 1012–9.
2099:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1798:Gonadoliberin
1797:
1794:
1791:Gonadorelin (
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:endometriosis
1671:
1670:breast cancer
1667:
1664:Its analogue
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1638:
1634:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1525:preoptic area
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1499:in the male.
1498:
1494:
1493:corpus luteum
1490:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:preprohormone
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1314:, except for
1313:
1308:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1063:RefSeq (mRNA)
1061:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1008:
1003:
999:
996:
990:
989:
984:
980:
977:
975:
971:
964:
963:
958:
954:
951:
945:
944:
939:
935:
932:
930:
926:
923:
920:
918:
915:
911:
908:
904:
900:
893:
889:
884:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
777:estrous cycle
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
742:
739:
738:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
716:mitochondrion
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
686:axon terminus
684:
683:
681:
678:
677:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
655:
652:
651:
648:
647:Gene ontology
644:
640:
628:
623:
619:
614:
611:
609:
605:
597:
592:
582:preoptic area
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
544:
541:
537:
532:
529:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:
479:
475:
470:
467:
466:
463:
461:
457:
455:
454:
450:
449:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
420:
415:
411:
407:
402:
396:14|14 D1
392:
388:
381:
374:
368:
361:
353:
349:
345:
340:
336:
331:
327:
319:
314:
310:
306:
301:
291:
287:
280:
273:
267:
260:
256:
250:
246:
242:
237:
233:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
176:
171:
164:
159:
154:
150:
145:
140:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5994:Decapeptides
5989:Sex hormones
5910:
5904:
5859:
5856:
5810:
5807:
5786:Gonadotropin
5752:
5680:
5678:Antagonists:
5677:
5615:
5582:
5579:
5476:Neurophysins
5304:Neurokinin B
5299:Neurokinin A
5135:Endomorphins
5061:
4753:Thymopoietin
4689:Pineal gland
4674:Somatostatin
4637:Progesterone
4584:Progesterone
4551:Testosterone
4534:Gonadal axis
4506:Thyroid axis
4403:Adrenal axis
4265:
4258:Hypothalamus
4103:
4068:Progestogens
3983:testosterone
3964:
3940:
3891:enzalutamide
3887:bicalutamide
3868:
3810:Preparations
3769:Non-peptide:
3768:
3743:
3667:
3624:
3581:
3539:
3535:
3504:
3500:
3469:
3465:
3428:
3424:
3378:
3374:
3348:(1): 57–62.
3345:
3341:
3314:
3310:
3281:
3277:
3236:
3232:
3199:
3195:
3150:
3146:
3101:
3097:
3062:
3058:
3021:
3017:
2985:(21): 6059.
2982:
2978:
2932:(3): 972–6.
2929:
2925:
2888:
2884:
2847:
2843:
2806:
2802:
2777:
2773:
2726:
2722:
2712:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2511:(5): 674–9.
2508:
2504:
2498:
2473:
2469:
2462:
2452:Cystorelin:
2445:
2428:
2419:
2394:
2390:
2377:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2172:
2168:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2134:
2124:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2064:
2010:
2006:
1978:. Retrieved
1973:
1964:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1771:
1755:
1740:GnRH neurons
1729:
1724:testosterone
1721:
1714:
1699:
1690:
1663:
1651:GnRH1 analog
1640:
1627:Medical uses
1621:
1617:GnRH neurons
1613:GnRH neurons
1609:GnRH neurons
1601:
1585:
1582:Other organs
1544:GnRH neurons
1541:
1529:GnRH neurons
1509:neurohormone
1506:
1503:Neurohormone
1478:
1474:
1455:
1415:
1372:
1348:chromosome 8
1343:
1337:
1323:
1315:
1304:
1281:
1264:hypothalamus
1260:GnRH neurons
1251:. GnRH is a
1232:
1228:
1227:
1150:
1132:NP_001076580
1125:
1099:
1077:NM_001083111
1074:
1050:
1031:
1005:
986:
960:
941:
921:
916:
877:reproduction
797:human ageing
484:tibial nerve
458:
451:
178:External IDs
123:
117:January 2013
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
5661:Triptorelin
5656:Salmon GnRH
5621:Gonadorelin
5481:Neurotensin
5391:Angiotensin
5330:Neuromedins
5319:Physalaemin
5294:Substance P
5288:Tachykinins
5283:Bradykinins
5230:Hemorphin-4
5215:Adrenorphin
5186:Enkephalins
5176:Îł-Endorphin
5171:β-Endorphin
5166:α-Endorphin
5105:Dynorphin B
5095:Dynorphin A
5090:Dynorphin A
4937:Osteocalcin
4914:Adiponectin
4741:Thymosin α1
4516:Parathyroid
4416:Aldosterone
4319:Vasopressin
4142:from market
4117:Metallibure
4024:haloperidol
4020:risperidone
4012:domperidone
4004:antagonists
3991:oxandrolone
3928:anastrozole
3918:enclomifene
3736:Antagonists
3726:Triptorelin
3691:Gonadorelin
2595:(1): 11–8.
1999:Campbell RE
1768:Other names
1752:Gonadorelin
1666:leuprorelin
1647:decapeptide
1643:gonadorelin
1633:Gonadorelin
1590:and in the
1517:neural cell
1426:adolescence
1411:proteolysis
1387:gonadotrope
1375:hypophysial
1328:carboxamide
1262:within the
574:granulocyte
550:bone marrow
417:67,986,888
404:67,982,630
316:25,424,654
303:25,419,258
156:Identifiers
32:Gonadorelin
5933:Categories
5761:Linzagolix
5739:Prazarelix
5699:Cetrorelix
5666:Zoptarelin
5611:Fertirelin
5606:Deslorelin
5559:modulators
5310:amphibian
5247:Spinorphin
5237:Nociceptin
5220:Amidorphin
5158:Endorphins
5115:Leumorphin
5082:Dynorphins
4965:Calcitriol
4851:Peptide YY
4501:Calcitonin
4453:Adrenaline
4382:Lipotropin
4377:Endorphins
4112:Gestrinone
4072:progestins
4042:bifluranol
4010:) (incl.,
3853:(indirect)
3833:Menotropin
3777:Linzagolix
3752:Cetrorelix
3686:Fertirelin
3681:Deslorelin
3645:modulators
2347:: 318–24.
2148:5 November
1890:, May 2017
1869:, May 2017
1846:References
1762:deslorelin
1711:musk shrew
1564:Kisspeptin
1485:follicular
1460:(FSH) and
1352:amino acid
1243:(FSH) and
691:perikaryon
462:(ortholog)
199:HomoloGene
87:newspapers
5914:ADX-61623
5860:Peptides:
5857:Agonists:
5811:Peptides:
5808:Agonists:
5776:Sufugolix
5771:Relugolix
5744:Ramorelix
5714:Ganirelix
5709:Detirelix
5704:Degarelix
5694:Azaline B
5681:Peptides:
5651:Peforelin
5646:Nafarelin
5631:Histrelin
5626:Goserelin
5601:Buserelin
5583:Peptides:
5580:Agonists:
5421:FMRFamide
5406:Carnosine
5290:: mammal
5252:Valorphin
5242:Opiorphin
5225:Hemorphin
4736:Thymosins
4697:Melatonin
4579:Estradiol
4426:Cortisone
4352:Prolactin
4249:pituitary
4236:Endocrine
4152:Phase III
4140:Withdrawn
4046:estradiol
4038:Estrogens
4032:sulpiride
3975:Androgens
3914:clomifene
3910:tamoxifen
3883:flutamide
3782:Relugolix
3762:Ganirelix
3757:Degarelix
3721:Peforelin
3716:Nafarelin
3706:Lecirelin
3701:Histrelin
3696:Goserelin
3676:Buserelin
3650:analogues
2450:Drugs.com
2435:Factrel:
2433:Drugs.com
1556:glutamate
1533:dendrites
1489:ovulation
1481:pulsatile
1470:estrogens
1466:androgens
1434:prolactin
1418:childhood
1334:Synthesis
1278:Structure
1153:NP_032171
1128:NP_000816
1102:NM_008145
1081:NM_000825
907:Orthologs
207:GeneCards
5766:Opigolix
5756:Elagolix
5734:Ozarelix
5684:Abarelix
5641:Lutrelin
5591:Avorelin
5586:Alarelin
5396:Bombesin
5314:Kassinin
5064:hormones
5057:Hormones
5046:Peptides
4929:Skeleton
4919:Resistin
4818:Secretin
4800:Duodenum
4758:Thymulin
4659:Glucagon
4651:Pancreas
4632:Estrogen
4614:Placenta
4421:Cortisol
4314:Oxytocin
4276:Dopamine
4228:Hormones
4164:See also
4074:, e.g.,
4040:(incl.,
4001:receptor
3937:agonists
3772:Elagolix
3747:Abarelix
3744:Peptide:
3668:Peptide:
3660:Agonists
3558:16195400
3453:45976322
3046:41687915
2913:33327806
2905:14726258
2876:14594454
2831:24945436
2823:12770744
2755:22950531
2696:22613708
2652:10868484
2617:31523984
2574:30827035
2411:12151363
2361:23000535
2326:37855824
2318:10573298
2298:Peptides
2283:37619383
2275:16621281
2240:16373418
2199:19609045
2047:19541658
1948:(1): 6.
1886:–
1865:–
1803:See also
1736:maternal
1588:placenta
1568:estrogen
1560:dopamine
1537:synaptic
1487:growth,
1391:receptor
1369:Function
1363:estrogen
1201:Wikidata
886:Sources:
711:dendrite
488:testicle
5724:LXT-101
5689:Acyline
5496:RVD-Hpα
5441:Ghrelin
5426:Galanin
5362:Orexins
4823:Motilin
4790:Ghrelin
4785:Gastrin
4777:Stomach
4664:Insulin
4599:Relaxin
4594:Inhibin
4589:Activin
4561:Inhibin
4470:Thyroid
4107:Danazol
4070:(incl.
3981:(e.g.,
3939:(e.g.,
3926:(e.g.,
3908:(e.g.,
3881:(e.g.,
3648:(incl.
3588:PDBe-KB
3578:UniProt
3523:9202214
3488:8889548
3445:8784072
3415:8692981
3383:Bibcode
3362:8529206
3333:8145771
3298:6760865
3269:4286007
3261:6090951
3241:Bibcode
3224:2067940
3216:3511544
3187:2867548
3155:Bibcode
3134:4276604
3126:2863757
3106:Bibcode
3089:2671939
3038:1767338
3009:1682898
2966:1310542
2934:Bibcode
2794:9414473
2746:3503805
2704:5551538
2609:9344687
2565:6397718
2525:3760417
2490:6458765
2369:9918871
2190:4307809
2116:9096885
2038:2705602
2015:Bibcode
1980:24 June
1888:Ensembl
1867:Ensembl
1707:mammals
1604:Cichlid
1513:hormone
1422:puberty
1403:calcium
1316:pyroGlu
1307:peptide
1297:pyroGlu
1235:) is a
1019:UniProt
974:Ensembl
913:Species
892:QuickGO
496:putamen
437:pattern
163:Aliases
101:scholar
5796:LH/hCG
5275:Kinins
5208:Others
4947:Kidney
4909:Leptin
4868:/other
4728:Thymus
4669:Amylin
4543:Testis
4436:DHEA-S
4238:glands
4135:WHO-EM
3851:Others
3583:P01148
3556:
3521:
3486:
3451:
3443:
3413:
3403:
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2045:
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1592:gonads
1491:, and
1253:tropic
1187:search
1185:PubMed
1052:P13562
1033:P01148
929:Entrez
608:BioGPS
578:thymus
566:morula
558:zygote
295:8p21.2
187:152760
103:
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5384:Other
5265:Other
4980:Heart
4955:Renin
4885:IGF-2
4880:IGF-1
4866:Liver
4856:GLP-1
4838:Ileum
4720:Other
4604:GnSAF
4571:Ovary
3902:SERMs
3449:S2CID
3406:38972
3265:S2CID
3220:S2CID
3130:S2CID
3042:S2CID
2957:48367
2909:S2CID
2827:S2CID
2700:S2CID
2656:S2CID
2613:S2CID
2387:(PDF)
2365:S2CID
2322:S2CID
2279:S2CID
1829:GNRH2
1705:. In
1344:GNRH1
962:14714
922:Mouse
917:Human
888:Amigo
460:Mouse
453:Human
400:Start
335:Mouse
299:Start
232:Human
211:GNRH1
195:95789
170:GNRH1
142:GNRH1
108:JSTOR
94:books
5906:NAMs
5616:GnRH
5568:GnRH
5554:and
5548:GnRH
5062:see
4431:DHEA
4367:ACTH
4362:CLIP
4357:POMC
4286:GHRH
4266:GnRH
4169:GnRH
3970:axis
3942:GnRH
3935:GnRH
3874:axis
3643:GnRH
3632:and
3626:GnRH
3576:for
3554:PMID
3519:PMID
3484:PMID
3441:PMID
3411:PMID
3358:PMID
3329:PMID
3294:PMID
3257:PMID
3212:PMID
3183:PMID
3122:PMID
3085:PMID
3034:PMID
3005:PMID
2962:PMID
2901:PMID
2872:PMID
2819:PMID
2790:PMID
2751:PMID
2692:PMID
2648:PMID
2605:PMID
2570:PMID
2521:PMID
2486:PMID
2407:PMID
2357:PMID
2314:PMID
2271:PMID
2236:PMID
2195:PMID
2150:2014
2112:PMID
2069:ISBN
2043:PMID
1982:2016
1734:and
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1635:and
1552:GABA
1542:The
1511:, a
1468:and
1405:and
1340:gene
1338:The
1289:and
1233:GnRH
943:2796
443:Bgee
391:Band
352:Chr.
290:Band
249:Chr.
183:OMIM
80:news
5845:FSH
5501:VGF
5097:1–8
4998:BNP
4993:ANP
4960:EPO
4828:VIP
4813:GIP
4808:CCK
4627:HPL
4622:hCG
4556:AMH
4524:PTH
4372:MSH
4347:TSH
4337:FSH
4296:MCH
4281:CRH
4271:TRH
3968:HPG
3872:HPG
3574:PDB
3544:doi
3540:147
3509:doi
3505:138
3474:doi
3433:doi
3401:PMC
3391:doi
3350:doi
3319:doi
3286:doi
3282:109
3249:doi
3237:311
3204:doi
3173:PMC
3163:doi
3114:doi
3102:316
3075:PMC
3067:doi
3026:doi
2995:PMC
2987:doi
2952:PMC
2942:doi
2893:doi
2862:PMC
2852:doi
2811:doi
2807:202
2782:doi
2741:PMC
2731:doi
2684:doi
2640:doi
2597:doi
2560:PMC
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2478:doi
2474:305
2399:doi
2395:205
2349:doi
2345:237
2306:doi
2263:doi
2259:401
2226:doi
2222:147
2185:PMC
2177:doi
2139:doi
2102:doi
2033:PMC
2023:doi
2011:106
1950:doi
1793:INN
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1324:NH2
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