28:
101:
3531:
128:
went from "wooden, clumsily painted stock-figures" to realistic and increasingly large representations of people, eventually developing into half- or full-length portraits. Simultaneously, but probably unrelatedly, the border decoration of the manuscripts developed towards greater realism and came to
144:
has on the other hand pointed out that while manuscripts produced in both cities during this time were stylistically similar, illuminators rarely moved between them and they served different markets. Book production in Ghent, at the time the administrative capital of the region, was oriented towards
137:
The term has been criticised for diverting attention too much to the cities of Ghent and Bruges at a time when manuscript production often was an international or regional undertaking with craftsmen operating in many different urban centres and often collaborating on the same projects.
113:
The style developed around the mid-1470s to the 1480s through a break with the earlier, "courtly style" of about 1440 to 1474 which is closely associated with the aristocratic book collection of the
129:
occupy a larger part of the page. Both in the miniatures and the border decoration, artists displayed a "concern with verisimilitude" and the use of shaded, pastel colors.
3373:
104:
Flemish miniature (1510) with a realistic family at the foreground and a farmer and donkey going to the wind mill (at the back), (Breviarium
Grimaldi - 1510).
1998:
960:
469:
79:
2875:
2327:
2361:
2868:
3150:
1685:
1119:
3555:
2088:
1170:
886:
417:
398:
730:
1468:
1451:
852:
462:
17:
2437:
797:
2505:
1356:
125:
825:
2584:
2579:
1424:
915:
438:
379:
3560:
842:
218:
1590:
3010:
2483:
774:
690:
2763:
2312:
2171:
1935:
955:
791:
500:
455:
190:
1852:
1605:
3234:
2606:
2447:
2275:
1080:
992:
965:
223:
145:
a domestic, Flemish market while manuscripts made in Bruges were intended mainly for international export.
124:. The patronage of Charles continued to play an important role, but the depiction of human figures in the
2895:
2596:
1262:
54:(mainly present-day Belgium) from about 1475 to about 1550. Though the name highlights the importance of
2549:
3192:
2808:
2631:
2005:
1619:
1595:
1148:
1107:
820:
203:
1543:
2391:
2270:
2226:
1634:
1277:
1245:
1143:
629:
428:
3155:
3138:
2793:
2636:
2621:
2432:
2302:
2176:
1968:
1923:
1884:
1825:
1796:
1196:
537:
447:
2332:
2292:
3316:
2653:
2493:
2248:
1857:
1803:
1407:
1250:
1165:
1031:
2425:
2243:
1735:
3565:
3534:
3427:
3075:
3025:
2985:
2948:
2848:
2488:
1808:
1786:
1646:
614:
213:
47:
27:
62:
as centres for manuscript production, manuscripts in the style were produced in a wider area.
3065:
3040:
3005:
2975:
2941:
2863:
2641:
2616:
2231:
2110:
2015:
574:
496:
228:
1493:
3187:
2768:
2537:
2442:
2236:
2166:
2082:
1956:
1759:
1585:
1385:
1075:
910:
815:
749:
680:
599:
589:
579:
141:
51:
8:
3410:
2995:
2911:
2880:
2758:
2721:
2522:
2408:
2255:
1928:
1614:
1600:
1206:
1129:
1007:
927:
905:
97:
has described the Ghent–Bruges school as "one of the last great styles of illumination."
3489:
2733:
1267:
3452:
3060:
3000:
2743:
2665:
2601:
2415:
2376:
2219:
2120:
2047:
1874:
1661:
1436:
1310:
1240:
1102:
1097:
874:
639:
604:
3510:
2691:
2371:
3180:
3133:
3103:
2963:
2833:
2748:
2738:
2403:
2386:
2260:
1879:
1842:
1813:
1766:
1629:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1446:
1124:
1036:
1026:
1013:
1002:
665:
594:
569:
525:
434:
413:
394:
375:
175:
93:
in his overview of
Flemish illuminated manuscripts from the 15th and 16th centuries.
90:
1417:
837:
71:
3516:
3462:
3420:
3123:
2916:
2554:
2461:
2339:
2052:
2035:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1901:
1847:
1570:
1515:
1412:
1380:
1351:
1230:
1223:
1218:
1191:
1053:
1048:
725:
486:
165:
155:
121:
114:
31:
3244:
430:
Illuminating the
Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe
3437:
3294:
3269:
3219:
3143:
2968:
2958:
2853:
2838:
2818:
2701:
2611:
2574:
2559:
2307:
2214:
2156:
1978:
1973:
1730:
1699:
1651:
1341:
1272:
1257:
1085:
1063:
984:
932:
922:
894:
847:
830:
754:
695:
685:
624:
208:
185:
170:
117:
94:
84:
1321:
100:
3499:
3467:
3415:
3363:
3346:
3336:
3264:
2926:
2803:
2773:
2670:
2658:
2532:
2466:
2398:
2265:
2161:
1864:
1560:
1500:
1441:
1305:
1235:
942:
864:
781:
634:
3080:
949:
3549:
3400:
3368:
3229:
3224:
3207:
3035:
3030:
3015:
2990:
2980:
2931:
2591:
2569:
2500:
2366:
2195:
2098:
2074:
2057:
2025:
2010:
1791:
1781:
1776:
1680:
1429:
1390:
1329:
1155:
1112:
881:
810:
742:
584:
562:
478:
2885:
2030:
1692:
3479:
3432:
3388:
3378:
3341:
3311:
3274:
3249:
3239:
3202:
3045:
2828:
2696:
2420:
2349:
2146:
2069:
1820:
1771:
1675:
1656:
1624:
1521:
1461:
1456:
1201:
1021:
859:
717:
700:
660:
655:
609:
547:
180:
160:
3474:
1335:
3395:
3358:
3299:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3113:
3108:
3050:
2953:
2890:
2843:
2783:
2753:
2675:
2517:
2355:
2344:
2317:
2287:
2151:
2125:
2042:
1963:
1951:
1906:
1896:
1891:
1869:
1830:
1666:
1641:
1526:
1488:
1395:
1363:
1315:
1043:
971:
764:
705:
619:
557:
517:
3442:
3254:
3214:
3160:
3128:
3020:
2858:
2813:
2706:
2512:
2322:
2190:
1911:
1713:
1505:
1346:
1134:
900:
805:
769:
759:
737:
552:
542:
530:
482:
3504:
3494:
3457:
3289:
3279:
3259:
3085:
3055:
2788:
2711:
2130:
1916:
1753:
1510:
1211:
1160:
1058:
869:
675:
646:
477:
3484:
3405:
3353:
3284:
3197:
3118:
3070:
2936:
2921:
2778:
2716:
2648:
2542:
2527:
2201:
2115:
2105:
2093:
1837:
1300:
997:
937:
2823:
2626:
2564:
2381:
2280:
2020:
1747:
1580:
1186:
786:
670:
1742:
3447:
3306:
2798:
2728:
2297:
2209:
2064:
1295:
301:
299:
59:
1531:
55:
323:
296:
3383:
2185:
335:
347:
3374:
Art in the
Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
70:
The term was first used in 1891 by
Belgian art historian
272:
262:
260:
258:
256:
311:
284:
253:
241:
391:The Grove Encyclopedia of Northern Renaissance Art
78:, and later the same year by French art historian
3547:
393:. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
426:
341:
329:
305:
463:
427:Kren, Thomas; McKendrick, Scot, eds. (2003).
410:The Posthumous Papers of the Manuscript Club
89:; later it was used by German art historian
470:
456:
369:
317:
290:
407:
388:
353:
278:
266:
247:
99:
26:
14:
3548:
3151:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
76:Recherches sur les elumineurs flamands
1171:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
451:
433:. Los Angeles: Getty Publications.
24:
2506:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
1357:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
148:
25:
3577:
2580:American Figurative Expressionism
916:International Gothic art in Italy
3530:
3529:
2089:Neue Künstlervereinigung München
363:
219:The Hours of Joanna I of Castile
3011:Tunisian collaborative painting
2484:International Typographic Style
2764:The Caribbean Artists Movement
408:de Hamel, Christopher (2022).
389:Campbell, Gordon, ed. (2009).
191:Master of the Flemish Boethius
13:
1:
1120:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
234:
65:
3556:Flemish Renaissance painters
3235:Modern European ink painting
2607:Bay Area Figurative Movement
224:Mayer van den Bergh Breviary
132:
38:before 1483, British Library
7:
2896:Artificial intelligence art
197:
50:which was prevalent in the
10:
3582:
2809:Post-painterly abstraction
2632:Situationist International
2006:Pennsylvania Impressionism
372:The Illuminated Manuscript
342:Kren & McKendrick 2003
330:Kren & McKendrick 2003
306:Kren & McKendrick 2003
204:Artists of the Tudor court
46:is a distinctive style of
3525:
3329:
3094:
2904:
2684:
2476:
2460:
2392:California Scene Painting
2271:California Scene Painting
2227:Figurative Constructivism
2139:
1944:
1723:
1712:
1542:
1479:
1372:
1288:
1278:Poussinists and Rubenists
1179:
983:
716:
516:
507:
494:
374:. Oxford: Phaidon Press.
370:Backhouse, Janet (1979).
3490:Prehistoric European art
3139:Contemporary African art
2622:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
2550:Generación de la Ruptura
2177:Universal Constructivism
1969:California Impressionism
1924:American Barbizon school
108:
3561:Manuscript illuminators
3317:Walking Artists Network
2654:Letterist International
2494:Washington Color School
1408:Arts in the Philippines
48:manuscript illumination
3428:Illuminated manuscript
3076:The Designers Republic
3026:Neue Slowenische Kunst
2949:Pattern and Decoration
2849:Institutional critique
2489:Abstract expressionism
1469:Latin American Baroque
1425:Colonial Asian Baroque
214:Raphael de Mercatellis
105:
39:
36:Adoration of the Magi,
3066:Artist-run initiative
3041:Young British Artists
3006:New European Painting
2942:Moscow Conceptualists
2864:Feminist art movement
2642:Ukrainian underground
2617:Gutai Art Association
2016:Ten American Painters
1520:Western influence in
497:List of art movements
229:Rothschild Prayerbook
103:
30:
2876:Saqqakhaneh movement
2769:Chicano art movement
2637:Soviet Nonconformist
2443:Boston Expressionism
2426:Abstraction-Création
2244:Arbeitsrat für Kunst
2237:Cologne Progressives
1957:Art Nouveau in Milan
1760:Anglo-Japanese style
1736:National romanticism
1166:Fontainebleau School
1076:Northern Renaissance
911:International Gothic
142:Christopher de Hamel
52:Southern Netherlands
3411:Hierarchy of genres
2976:Saint Soleil School
2912:Post-conceptual art
2881:The Stars Art Group
2759:Black Arts Movement
2722:Neo-Dada Organizers
2523:Lyrical abstraction
2256:Australian tonalism
1929:California Tonalism
1601:Hudson River School
1404:Colonial Asian art
1144:English Renaissance
1093:Ghent–Bruges school
1081:Early Netherlandish
993:Italian Renaissance
906:Gothic art in Milan
356:, pp. 139–142.
44:Ghent–Bruges school
18:Ghent-Bruges school
3453:Landscape painting
3061:New Leipzig School
3001:Neo-conceptual art
2749:Art & Language
2744:Capitalist realism
2666:Florida Highwaymen
2602:Hard-edge painting
2416:Streamline Moderne
2377:Harlem Renaissance
2220:Novecento Italiano
2048:Deutscher Werkbund
1875:Post-Impressionism
1437:Latin American art
1241:Guild of Romanists
1103:German Renaissance
1098:Northern Mannerism
106:
40:
3543:
3542:
3325:
3324:
3181:Corporate Memphis
3134:Classical Realism
3104:Amazonian pop art
2996:Appropriation art
2964:Neo-expressionism
2834:Environmental art
2739:Nouvelle tendance
2456:
2455:
2404:Socialist realism
2261:Dresden Secession
1880:Neo-Impressionism
1843:Decadent movement
1814:Heidelberg School
1708:
1707:
1606:American luminism
1591:Düsseldorf School
1586:Shoreham Ancients
1576:Nazarene movement
1566:Danish Golden Age
1447:Indochristian art
1125:Antwerp Mannerism
1014:Pittura infamante
1008:Florentine School
1003:Proto-Renaissance
419:978-0-241-30437-2
400:978-0-19-533466-1
281:, pp. 91–92.
176:Susanna Hornebolt
115:Dukes of Burgundy
91:Friedrich Winkler
74:, in his article
16:(Redirected from
3573:
3533:
3532:
3517:Western painting
3463:Modern sculpture
3421:History painting
3124:Art intervention
2917:Installation art
2734:Nouveau réalisme
2474:
2473:
2448:Leningrad School
2340:Mexican muralism
2313:Grosvenor School
2053:American Realism
2036:Der Blaue Reiter
1994:Berlin Secession
1989:Vienna Secession
1984:Munich Secession
1902:Pont-Aven School
1721:
1720:
1571:Troubadour style
1549:(c. 1770 – 1862)
1516:Qing handicrafts
1482:Western elements
1413:Letras y figuras
1386:African-American
1381:African diaspora
1352:Directoire style
1263:Heptanese school
1246:Dutch Golden Age
1231:Stroganov School
1224:Lutheran Baroque
1219:Louis XIII style
1192:Baroque in Milan
1054:Bolognese School
1049:High Renaissance
1032:Forlivese School
1027:Ferrarese School
750:Migration Period
514:
513:
472:
465:
458:
449:
448:
444:
423:
404:
385:
357:
351:
345:
339:
333:
327:
321:
315:
309:
303:
294:
288:
282:
276:
270:
264:
251:
245:
166:Gerard Horenbout
156:Alexander Bening
122:Charles the Bold
88:
32:Alexander Bening
21:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3521:
3438:Interactive art
3321:
3295:SoFlo Superflat
3220:Kitsch movement
3144:Africanfuturism
3096:
3090:
2969:Transavantgarde
2900:
2854:Light and Space
2839:Performance art
2819:Psychedelic art
2702:Nueva Presencia
2692:Otra Figuración
2680:
2612:Les Plasticiens
2597:New York School
2575:Action painting
2560:Metcalf Chateau
2469:
2464:
2452:
2372:Cercle et Carré
2308:New Objectivity
2215:Return to order
2157:School of Paris
2135:
1979:School of Paris
1940:
1826:Arts and Crafts
1731:Neo-romanticism
1716:
1704:
1700:Etching revival
1652:Barbizon school
1596:Pre-Raphaelites
1548:
1545:
1538:
1481:
1475:
1368:
1342:Louis XVI style
1284:
1273:Louis XIV style
1236:Animal painting
1197:Flemish Baroque
1175:
1086:World landscape
1037:Venetian School
979:
966:Majorcan school
933:Novgorod School
923:Lucchese School
895:Opus Anglicanum
887:Norman-Sicilian
831:Italo-Byzantine
731:Early Christian
712:
696:Pompeian Styles
509:
503:
490:
476:
441:
420:
401:
382:
366:
361:
360:
352:
348:
340:
336:
328:
324:
316:
312:
304:
297:
289:
285:
277:
273:
265:
254:
246:
242:
237:
209:Johannes Crabbe
200:
195:
186:Levina Teerlinc
171:Lucas Horenbout
151:
149:Notable artists
135:
118:Philip the Good
111:
95:Janet Backhouse
82:
68:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3579:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3468:Late modernism
3465:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3416:Genre painting
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3364:Ballets Russes
3361:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3347:Asemic writing
3339:
3337:History of art
3333:
3331:
3330:Related topics
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3265:Relational art
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3188:Hypermodernism
3185:
3184:
3183:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2929:
2927:Postminimalism
2924:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2804:Generative art
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:Conceptual art
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2671:Cybernetic art
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2659:Ultra-Lettrist
2656:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2533:Arte Informale
2530:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2486:
2480:
2478:
2471:
2470:(1945–present)
2458:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2399:Heroic realism
2396:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2333:Latin American
2330:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2303:Group of Seven
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2273:
2268:
2266:Social realism
2263:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2249:November Group
2241:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2212:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2172:Latin American
2167:Constructivism
2164:
2162:Crystal Cubism
2159:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2086:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1872:
1867:
1865:Volcano School
1862:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1727:
1725:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1659:
1654:
1644:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1627:
1622:
1620:Norwich School
1617:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1561:Fairy painting
1552:
1550:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1485:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:Chilote School
1444:
1442:Casta painting
1434:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1418:Tipos del País
1415:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Louis XV style
1303:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1199:
1194:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1108:Cologne School
1100:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1005:
989:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
976:
975:
968:
963:
961:Italian school
952:
947:
946:
945:
943:Sienese School
935:
930:
925:
920:
919:
918:
913:
908:
898:
891:
890:
889:
879:
878:
877:
872:
862:
857:
856:
855:
853:Pre-Romanesque
850:
845:
835:
834:
833:
828:
823:
818:
808:
803:
802:
801:
789:
784:
782:Donor portrait
779:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
747:
746:
745:
735:
734:
733:
722:
720:
714:
713:
711:
710:
709:
708:
703:
698:
693:
691:Julio-Claudian
688:
683:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
652:
651:
650:
649:
644:
643:
642:
640:Greco-Buddhist
632:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
580:Protogeometric
577:
567:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
540:
535:
534:
533:
522:
520:
511:
505:
504:
495:
492:
491:
475:
474:
467:
460:
452:
446:
445:
439:
424:
418:
412:. Allen Lane.
405:
399:
386:
380:
365:
362:
359:
358:
346:
334:
332:, p. 123.
322:
318:Backhouse 1979
310:
308:, p. 122.
295:
291:Backhouse 1979
283:
271:
252:
239:
238:
236:
233:
232:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
199:
196:
194:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
152:
150:
147:
134:
131:
110:
107:
72:Joseph Destrée
67:
64:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3578:
3567:
3566:Art movements
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3536:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3401:Fantastic art
3399:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:Christian art
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Skeuomorphism
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3230:Massurrealism
3228:
3226:
3225:Lightpainting
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3208:Post-Internet
3206:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3081:Grunge design
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Retrofuturism
3034:
3032:
3031:Scratch video
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3016:Memphis Group
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Telematic art
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2981:Guerrilla art
2979:
2977:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2932:Endurance art
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:New media art
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2570:Nanyang Style
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2501:Visionary art
2499:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2367:Scuola Romana
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2293:Anthropophagy
2291:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2276:Functionalism
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2196:Neoplasticism
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2099:Cubo-Futurism
2097:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:Ashcan School
2056:
2055:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2026:Expressionism
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2011:Mir iskusstva
2009:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1797:Boston School
1795:
1793:
1792:Hoosier Group
1790:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:Impressionism
1780:
1778:
1777:Peredvizhniki
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:Beuron School
1765:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1681:Munich School
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1480:Art borrowing
1478:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1430:Company style
1428:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1330:Neoclassicism
1328:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:Cretan School
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1113:Danube school
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
982:
974:
973:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
957:
953:
951:
948:
944:
941:
940:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
902:
899:
897:
896:
892:
888:
885:
884:
883:
880:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
861:
858:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
840:
839:
836:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
807:
804:
800:
799:
795:
794:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
751:
748:
744:
741:
740:
739:
736:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
723:
721:
719:
715:
707:
704:
702:
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590:Orientalizing
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575:Sub-Mycenaean
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364:Sources cited
355:
354:de Hamel 2022
350:
344:, p. 12.
343:
338:
331:
326:
320:, p. 72.
319:
314:
307:
302:
300:
293:, p. 68.
292:
287:
280:
279:Campbell 2009
275:
269:, p. 92.
268:
267:Campbell 2009
263:
261:
259:
257:
250:, p. 91.
249:
248:Campbell 2009
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19:
3511:Trompe-l'œil
3509:
3480:Outsider art
3433:Illustration
3389:Lutheran art
3379:Catholic art
3342:Abstract art
3312:Unilalianism
3275:Software art
3250:Neosymbolism
3240:Neo-futurism
3203:Internet art
3193:Hyperrealism
3046:Superfiction
2829:Photorealism
2697:Afrofuturism
2462:Contemporary
2438:Dimensionism
2421:Concrete art
2354:
2350:Precisionism
2200:
2147:Sosaku-hanga
2121:Productivism
2111:Metaphysical
2081:
2070:Proto-Cubism
1974:Secessionism
1936:Costumbrismo
1821:Aestheticism
1772:Hague School
1752:
1676:Academic art
1657:Costumbrismo
1625:Empire style
1462:Quito School
1457:Cusco School
1373:Colonial art
1334:
1322:Fête galante
1320:
1289:18th century
1251:Delft School
1202:Caravaggisti
1180:17th century
1092:
1065:
1022:Quattrocento
1012:
970:
893:
796:
726:Late antique
610:Severe style
600:Black-figure
487:Contemporary
429:
409:
390:
371:
349:
337:
325:
313:
286:
274:
243:
181:Jan Provoost
161:Simon Bening
140:
136:
112:
80:Paul Durrieu
75:
69:
43:
41:
35:
3396:Digital art
3359:Avant-garde
3300:Superstroke
3176:Flat design
3171:Fictive art
3166:Excessivism
3114:Art for art
3109:Altermodern
3051:Taring Padi
2986:Lowbrow art
2954:Pliontanism
2891:Yoru no Kai
2844:Process art
2784:Systems art
2754:Arte Povera
2676:Antipodeans
2585:in New York
2555:Jikken Kōbō
2518:Color field
2387:Regionalism
2356:Aeropittura
2345:Neo-Fauvism
2318:Neues Sehen
2288:Kinetic art
2152:Suprematism
2126:Synchromism
2043:Noucentisme
1964:Primitivism
1952:Art Nouveau
1907:Cloisonnism
1897:Pointillism
1892:Divisionism
1870:Incoherents
1831:Art pottery
1717:(1863–1944)
1667:Macchiaioli
1642:Biedermeier
1630:Historicism
1615:Orientalism
1556:Romanticism
1527:Akita ranga
1379:Art of the
1364:Picturesque
1316:Chinoiserie
1311:Frederician
1149:Tudor court
1044:Cinquecento
985:Renaissance
972:Mappa mundi
956:cartography
848:Carolingian
843:Merovingian
826:Palaeologan
798:Repoblación
755:Anglo-Saxon
686:Gallo-Roman
625:Hellenistic
620:Kerch style
558:Minyan ware
83: [
3550:Categories
3443:Jewish art
3255:Passionism
3215:iPhone art
3161:Cyborg art
3156:Crypto art
3129:Brandalism
3021:Cyberdelic
2886:Tropicália
2859:Street art
2814:Intermedia
2794:Minimalism
2513:Spatialism
2467:Postmodern
2323:Surrealism
2191:Shin-hanga
2031:Die Brücke
1999:Sonderbund
1912:Synthetism
1635:Revivalism
1544:Transition
1501:Manichaean
1347:Adam style
1268:Classicism
1207:in Utrecht
1135:Still life
865:Romanesque
821:Macedonian
816:Iconoclast
775:Visigothic
681:Republican
635:Indo-Greek
605:Red-figure
235:References
126:miniatures
66:Background
3505:Shock art
3495:Queer art
3475:Naïve art
3458:Modernism
3290:Superflat
3280:Sound art
3260:Post-YBAs
3245:Neomodern
3086:Verdadism
3056:Superflat
2905:1970–1999
2869:in the US
2789:Video art
2712:Happening
2685:1960–1969
2477:1945–1959
2140:1915–1944
2131:Vorticism
2083:A Nyolcak
1945:1900–1914
1917:Les Nabis
1848:Symbolism
1804:Amsterdam
1754:Japonisme
1724:1863–1899
1686:in Greece
1546:to modern
1391:Caribbean
1336:Goût grec
1258:Capriccio
1212:Tenebrism
1161:Turquerie
1059:Mannerism
954:Medieval
811:Byzantine
792:Mozarabic
743:Ethiopian
647:Neo-Attic
630:"Baroque"
615:Classical
585:Geometric
563:Mycenaean
510:(Western)
508:Premodern
479:Premodern
133:Criticism
3535:Category
3485:Portrait
3406:Folk art
3354:Anti-art
3285:Stuckism
3198:Idea art
3119:Art game
3071:Artivism
2959:Punk art
2937:Sots Art
2922:Artscene
2779:Land art
2717:Neo-Dada
2649:Lettrism
2543:Nuagisme
2528:Tachisme
2409:Nazi art
2202:De Stijl
2116:Rayonism
2106:Art Deco
2094:Futurism
1885:Luminism
1853:Romanian
1838:Tonalism
1809:Canadian
1787:American
1693:Neo-Grec
1301:Rocaille
1130:Romanism
1064:Counter-
998:Trecento
938:Duecento
928:Crusades
860:Ottonian
838:Frankish
718:Medieval
701:Trajanic
661:Scythian
656:Etruscan
548:Cycladic
526:Thracian
198:See also
3500:Realism
3097:present
2824:Nut Art
2627:Pop art
2565:Mono-ha
2433:The Ten
2382:Kapists
2328:Iranian
2281:Bauhaus
2075:Orphism
2021:Fauvism
1858:Russian
1748:Nihonga
1662:Verismo
1647:Realism
1581:Purismo
1494:Moorish
1489:Islamic
1396:Haitian
1187:Baroque
1066:Maniera
950:Mudéjar
875:Spanish
787:Pictish
770:Lombard
765:Insular
706:Severan
671:Gaulish
666:Iberian
595:Archaic
538:Nuragic
518:Ancient
501:periods
3448:Kitsch
3307:Toyism
2799:Fluxus
2729:Op art
2298:Mingei
2232:Stupid
2210:Purism
2065:Cubism
1714:Modern
1506:Mughal
1296:Rococo
901:Gothic
882:Norman
806:Viking
760:Hunnic
738:Coptic
553:Minoan
543:Aegean
531:Dacian
483:Modern
437:
416:
397:
378:
60:Bruges
3095:2000–
2538:COBRA
1532:Uki-e
1522:Japan
1511:Qajar
870:Mosan
676:Roman
570:Greek
109:Style
87:]
56:Ghent
3384:Icon
2707:ZERO
2465:and
2362:Asso
2186:Dada
1743:Yōga
485:and
435:ISBN
414:ISBN
395:ISBN
376:ISBN
120:and
58:and
42:The
3552::
481:,
298:^
255:^
85:fr
34:,
499:/
471:e
464:t
457:v
443:.
422:.
403:.
384:.
20:)
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