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416:, a swimmer who had attempted to swim the English Channel 22 times. On August 18, 1925, Ederle made her first attempt at swimming the Channel whereupon she was disqualified when Wolffe ordered another swimmer (who was keeping her company in the water), Ishak Helmy, to recover her from the water. She bitterly disagreed with Wolffe's decision and it was speculated that he did not want Ederle to succeed.
640:
889:, Downtown Alliance. Accessed September 12, 2023. "In the 1920s, with ticker tape seen as a modernization of the ancient ritual of strewing flowers before conquerors, it became routine to hail arriving heads-of-state with a paper shower. The city started a tradition of recognizing champion athletes with the ticker-tape parade for the American Olympic team in 1924."
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530:, and by the 1940s she was almost completely deaf. Aside from her time in vaudeville, she taught swimming to deaf children. She never married and she was living in a nursing home in 2001. She died on November 30, 2003, in
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to make a personal appearance at the
Brooklyn Mark Strand Theatre, and she was paid a far greater amount than they had ever paid an individual performer. Subsequently, she went on to play herself in a movie
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also diminished her financial rewards. A fall down the steps of her apartment building in 1933 twisted her spine and left her bedridden for several years, but she recovered well enough to appear at the
1020:. Accessed September 12, 2023. "The feat had been completed by 5 men before this, but Ederle not only completed the swim but beat the record, set by Enrique Tirabocchi in 1923, by more than two hours."
303:. The same year, she set her first world record in the 880-yard freestyle, becoming the youngest world record holder in swimming. She set eight more world records after that, seven of them in 1922 at
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and Ederle for an attempt at swimming across the
English Channel. Helen Wainwright cancelled due to an injury, so Ederle decided to go to France on her own. She trained with
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which paid her expenses and provided her with a modest salary. Approximately one year after her first attempt, she was successful in swimming the
Channel. She started at
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1136:"Disney Takes Plunge on 'Young Woman and the Sea'; 'Star Wars' Daisy Ridley, 'Kon-Tiki's Joachim Rønning Team on Tale of First Woman to Swim English Channel"
295:. Ederle later trained at the Women's Swimming Association (WSA). Ederle joined the club when she was only twelve and immediately took to learning the
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603:, was first broadcast on September 1, 2010, and repeated on January 23, 2012. It dramatizes Ederle's record-breaking crossing of the English Channel.
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Prior to Ederle, only five men had completed the swim across the
English Channel, with the best time of 16 hours, 33 minutes by
330:, she set a new world record of 4:58.8 in the event final. Individually, she received bronze medals for finishing third in the
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271:, Olympic champion, and world record-holder in five events. On August 6, 1926, she became the first woman to
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in 7 hours and 11 minutes, a record time which stood for 81 years before being broken by
Australian swimmer
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396:. Ederle's nephew Bob later described his aunt's swim as a "midnight frolic" and a "warm-up" for her later
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573:, New Jersey, is called the Ederle Swim in memory of Gertrude Ederle, and follows the course she swam.
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Young Woman and the Sea: How Trudy Ederle
Conquered the English Channel and Inspired the World
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who had successfully swum the
Channel in 1911. Ederle also received a contract from both the
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In 1925, Ederle turned professional. The same year she swam the 22 miles (35 km) from
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Girls swimming: Charlotte
Samuels of Ridgewood featured in 'Faces in the Crowd' – NJ.com
361:
Gertrude Ederle: "People said women couldn't swim the
Channel, but I proved they could."
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America's Girl: The
Incredible Story of How Swimmer Gertrude Ederle Changed the Nation
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America's Girl: The Incredible Story of How Swimmer Gertrude Ederle Changed the Nation
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1175:. Ward, Mary Ederle., Greene, Brenda (1st ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press.
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The Gertrude Ederle Recreation Center, which opened in 2013 and is located in the
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in Paris, Ederle won a gold medal as a member of the first-place U.S. team in the
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749:"Gertrude Ederle, the First Woman to Swim Across the English Channel, Dies at 98"
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307:. In total, Ederle held 29 US national and world records from 1921 until 1925.
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275:. Among other nicknames, the press sometimes called her "Queen of the Waves".
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of Manhattan, was named for Ederle, and includes an indoor swimming pool.
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1097:"Dive Right Into the Upper West Side's Brand New Pool and Fitness Center"
592:
1031:"Developments of Screen and Stage Shows Traced in Career of E. L. Hyman"
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in Manhattan, with more than two million people along the parade route.
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1062:. Newyork.cbslocal.com (October 24, 2010). Retrieved on May 20, 2014.
612:, based on the book of the same name by Glenn Stout, was produced by
539:
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1014:"Remembering Gertrude Ederle: the swimmer who proved everyone wrong"
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Gertrude Ederle becomes the first woman to swim the English Channel
267:(October 23, 1905 – November 30, 2003) was an American competition
30:
527:
599:, by Anita Sullivan, based on the 2008 book of the same name by
904:"NY To Highlands Swim A Tribute To Olympian Gertrude Ederle"
497:
and had a song and a dance step named for her. Her manager,
440:
in France at 07:08 am on August 6, 1926, and came ashore at
4703:
Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in swimming
1124:. Bbc.co.uk (January 23, 2012). Retrieved on May 20, 2014.
1060:
Swimmers Brave Chill For NY-NJ Course « CBS New York
989:"Gertrude Ederle, Olympic Champion and Gritty New Yorker"
558:
as an "Honor Swimmer" in 1965. She was inducted into the
4708:
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in swimming
1039:, New York, January 7, 1928. Retrieved on June 13, 2018.
419:
She returned to New York and began training with coach
1573:
Olympic champions in women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay
1049:
National Women's Hall of Fame, Gertrude "Trudy" Ederle
1074:. Highschoolsports.nj.com. Retrieved on May 20, 2014.
448:
swam the Channel in 1950 in 13 hours and 23 minutes.
1263:
Women's Sports History: a Heritage of Mixed Messages
635:
580:
The Gertrude Ederle Recreation Center on 60th Street
408:
In 1925, the Women's Swimming Association sponsored
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1199:
628:as Ederle. The film was released on May 31, 2024.
458:When Ederle returned home, she was greeted with a
237:
216:
4649:
1206:(1st U.S. ed.). New York: Walker & Co.
829:Sports-Reference.com, Olympic Sports, Athletes,
195:
887:"The History of New York's Ticker-Tape Parades"
526:Ederle had poor hearing since childhood due to
4673:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
848:
846:
2583:
1557:
1354:
1122:BBC Radio 4 – Afternoon Drama, The Great Swim
1086:. Nycgovparks.org. Retrieved on May 20, 2014.
673:List of Olympic medalists in swimming (women)
318:. Together with her American relay teammates
1152:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1084:Gertrude Ederle Recreation Center: NYC Parks
825:
823:
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534:, at the age of 98. She was interred in the
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1564:
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1361:
1347:
1293:
796:Dahlberg, Time; Ward, Mary Ederle (2009).
29:
818:
777:. History.com. Retrieved on May 20, 2014.
338:races. The U.S. Olympic team had its own
1197:
1170:
986:
927:
897:
895:
575:
517:
1134:Fleming, Mike, Jr. (December 9, 2020).
1133:
287:where her father ran a butcher shop on
56:"Trudy", "Gertie", "Queen of the Waves"
4693:American female long-distance swimmers
4650:
1259:
930:"When Gertrude Ederle turned the tide"
746:
742:
740:
345:
4698:Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics
4468:
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2970:
2801:
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2571:
1545:
1342:
1237:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
1228:
923:
921:
901:
892:
4728:Swimmers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
747:Severo, Richard (December 1, 2003).
565:An annual swim from New York City's
862:International Swimming Hall of Fame
737:
693:"Gertrude Ederle: American swimmer"
556:International Swimming Hall of Fame
13:
4723:Sportspeople from Queens, New York
4668:American female freestyle swimmers
1457:
1164:
928:Mortimer, Gavin (April 26, 2008).
918:
14:
4759:
4748:20th-century American sportswomen
4738:American people of German descent
4713:People from Highlands, New Jersey
2750:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias
1321:world record-holder (long course)
1271:
1266:, National Women's History Museum
780:
278:
105:5 ft 5 in (165 cm)
4688:World record setters in swimming
2522:
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2311:
2268:
2225:
2182:
2147:
2112:
2077:
2042:
2007:
1972:
1937:
1902:
1867:
1832:
1797:
1762:
1727:
1692:
1657:
1622:
1587:
987:Pressman, Gabe (July 26, 2012).
652:
638:
366:
354:
236:
215:
194:
4718:People from Wyckoff, New Jersey
3820:Harriet Williams Russell Strong
1127:
1115:
1089:
1077:
1065:
1053:
1042:
1023:
1006:
980:
955:
465:
398:swim across the English Channel
273:swim across the English Channel
4733:American vaudeville performers
3499:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose
1370:1924 USA Olympic swimming team
1325:June 30, 1923 – July 19, 1924
880:
768:
712:
685:
1:
4469:
4141:
3646:
2971:
2802:
2611:
2600:National Women's Hall of Fame
678:
560:National Women's Hall of Fame
554:Ederle was inducted into the
470:She made an arrangement with
3846:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis
522:The grave of Gertrude Ederle
373:Parade for Ederle along the
150:Women's Swimming Association
16:American swimmer (1905–2003)
7:
4029:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright
3433:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin
1319:Women's 100-meter freestyle
840:. Retrieved March 16, 2015.
631:
336:women's 400-meter freestyle
332:women's 100-meter freestyle
316:4×100 meter freestyle relay
10:
4764:
3585:Katharine Dexter McCormick
2883:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones
668:List of female adventurers
508:1939 New York World's Fair
299:, developed at the WSA by
4576:
4520:
4479:
4475:
4464:
4395:
4334:
4273:
4217:
4151:
4147:
4136:
4067:
4011:
3950:
3879:
3838:
3762:
3656:
3652:
3641:
3517:
3451:
3443:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon
3350:
3214:
3028:
3012:
2981:
2977:
2966:
2922:
2896:
2875:
2854:
2833:
2812:
2808:
2797:
2758:
2732:
2621:
2617:
2606:
1579:
1468:
1455:
1376:
1327:
1316:
1308:
1303:
549:
489:circuit, including later
291:, and learned to swim in
186:
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173:
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158:
154:
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136:
132:
122:
117:
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101:
82:
60:
50:
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37:
28:
4683:English Channel swimmers
3674:Marjory Stoneman Douglas
3484:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay
3257:Charlotte Perkins Gilman
1198:Mortimer, Gavin (2008).
513:
404:English Channel crossing
265:Gertrude Caroline Ederle
113:141 lb (64 kg)
46:Gertrude Caroline Ederle
4164:Dorothy Harrison Eustis
4054:Catherine Filene Shouse
3907:Patricia Roberts Harris
3545:Mary Steichen Calderone
3413:Lillian Moller Gilbreth
3282:Frances Wisebart Jacobs
3086:Martha Wright Griffiths
1260:Morris, Bonnie (2016),
854:"Gertrude Ederle (USA)"
836:April 24, 2014, at the
609:Young Woman and the Sea
4110:Rebecca Talbot Perkins
3605:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
3469:Frances Xavier Cabrini
3383:Elizabeth Hanford Dole
3161:Ellen Swallow Richards
3131:Constance Baker Motley
2781:Elizabeth Bayley Seton
2714:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
2209:Crissy Ahmann-Leighton
1462:
1171:Dahlberg, Tim (2009).
581:
523:
4624:Anna Wessels Williams
4311:Carlotta Walls LaNier
4044:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
3902:Martha Matilda Harper
3866:Mary Engle Pennington
3704:Frances Oldham Kelsey
3489:Anne Morrow Lindbergh
3242:Jane Cunningham Croly
3171:Katherine Siva Saubel
3066:Marian Wright Edelman
2989:Margaret Bourke-White
2914:Harriet Beecher Stowe
1461:
1229:Stout, Glenn (2009).
967:www.dovermuseum.co.uk
868:on September 23, 2019
579:
521:
491:Billy Rose's Aquacade
293:Highlands, New Jersey
4743:American deaf people
4321:Mary Harriman Rumsey
4159:St. Katharine Drexel
4003:Mary Burnett Talbert
3998:Blanche Stuart Scott
3983:Mother Marianne Cope
3963:Ruth Fulton Benedict
3922:Mildred Robbins Leet
3620:Angelina Grimké Weld
3494:Maria Goeppert Mayer
3464:Charlotte Anne Bunch
3041:Antoinette Blackwell
3020:Gertrude Belle Elion
2950:Ida B. Wells-Barnett
2719:Helen Brooke Taussig
2709:Margaret Chase Smith
914:on October 29, 2013.
902:Lynch, Matt (2008).
614:Walt Disney Pictures
606:A biographical film,
312:1924 Summer Olympics
38:Personal information
4538:Rebecca S. Halstead
4512:Mary Church Terrell
4199:Barbara A. Mikulski
3927:Patsy Takemoto Mink
3912:Stephanie L. Kwolek
3851:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
3825:Emily Howell Warner
3770:Dorothy H. Andersen
3744:Annie Dodge Wauneka
3739:Mary Edwards Walker
3664:Faye Glenn Abdellah
3595:Edith Nourse Rogers
3575:Shirley Ann Jackson
3550:Mary Ann Shadd Cary
3428:Sandra Day O'Connor
3408:Matilda Joslyn Gage
3004:Florence B. Seibert
2841:Carrie Chapman Catt
2771:Juliette Gordon Low
2654:Elizabeth Blackwell
2649:Mary McLeod Bethune
2373:Hinkelien Schreuder
2361:Ranomi Kromowidjojo
1629:Margaret Woodbridge
1036:Motion Picture News
934:The Daily Telegraph
908:The Two River Times
532:Wyckoff, New Jersey
499:Dudley Field Malone
346:Professional career
94:Wyckoff, New Jersey
25:
4497:Barbara Rose Johns
4448:Flossie Wong-Staal
4423:Nicole Malachowski
4352:Lorraine Hansberry
4296:Marcia Greenberger
4250:Mary Joseph Rogers
4189:Coretta Scott King
4174:Abby Kelley Foster
4090:Susan Kelly-Dreiss
3978:Rita Rossi Colwell
3754:Frances E. Willard
3590:Rozanne L. Ridgway
3540:Lydia Moss Bradley
3525:Madeleine Albright
3418:Nannerl O. Keohane
3388:Anne Dallas Dudley
3317:Betty Bone Schiess
3287:Susette La Flesche
3272:Zora Neale Hurston
3267:Helen LaKelly Hunt
3191:Madam C. J. Walker
3106:Mary Putnam Jacobi
3056:Jacqueline Cochran
3036:Ethel Percy Andrus
2904:Barbara McClintock
2529:Mollie O'Callaghan
2502:Mollie O'Callaghan
2123:Carrie Steinseifer
1676:Mariechen Wehselau
1664:Euphrasia Donnelly
1531:Mariechen Wehselau
1491:Euphrasia Donnelly
1463:
1444:Johnny Weissmuller
1331:Mariechen Wehselau
1018:University of Kent
802:St. Martin's Press
754:The New York Times
582:
524:
495:President Coolidge
460:ticker-tape parade
453:Enrique Tirabocchi
340:ticker-tape parade
328:Mariechen Wehselau
320:Euphrasia Donnelly
283:Ederle grew up in
75:New York, New York
21:
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4367:Clare Boothe Luce
4179:Helen Murray Free
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3993:Patricia A. Locke
3958:Florence E. Allen
3942:Sheila E. Widnall
3887:Linda G. Alvarado
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3830:Victoria Woodhull
3815:Barbara Holdridge
3810:Beatrice A. Hicks
3785:Lydia Maria Child
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3252:Geraldine Ferraro
3237:Annie Jump Cannon
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2598:Inductees to the
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2412:Melanie Schlanger
2377:Manon van Rooijen
2166:Manuela Stellmach
2096:Sarina Hülsenbeck
2057:Shirley Babashoff
2014:Shirley Babashoff
1641:Ethelda Bleibtrey
1539:
1538:
1521:Matilda Scheurich
1481:Florence Chambers
1404:Samuel Kahanamoku
1337:
1336:
1328:Succeeded by
1312:Ethelda Bleibtrey
1244:978-0-618-85868-2
1213:978-0-8027-1595-1
1182:978-0-312-38265-0
720:"Gertrude Ederle"
618:Jerry Bruckheimer
536:Woodlawn Cemetery
446:Florence Chadwick
262:
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209:4×100 m freestyle
181:the United States
174:Women's swimming
86:November 30, 2003
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4433:Louise Slaughter
4357:Victoria Jackson
4316:Philippa Marrack
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3856:Katharine Graham
3800:Marian de Forest
3719:Anna Howard Shaw
3669:Emma Smith DeVoe
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3555:Joan Ganz Cooney
3479:Oveta Culp Hobby
3474:Mary A. Hallaren
3337:Sarah Winnemucca
3206:Gloria Yerkovich
3201:Rosalyn S. Yalow
3156:Jeannette Rankin
3136:Georgia O'Keeffe
3091:Fannie Lou Hamer
3051:Shirley Chisholm
2999:Billie Jean King
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963:"Early Attempts"
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910:. Archived from
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864:. Archived from
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410:Helen Wainwright
375:Canyon of Heroes
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4019:Eleanor K. Baum
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3897:Gertrude Ederle
3892:Donna de Varona
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3780:Rosalynn Carter
3758:
3734:Wilma L. Vaught
3689:Crystal Eastman
3684:Sylvia A. Earle
3648:
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3625:Chien-Shiung Wu
3600:Felice Schwartz
3570:Julia Ward Howe
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3504:Maria Tallchief
3447:
3403:Margaret Fuller
3398:Ella Fitzgerald
3393:Mary Baker Eddy
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3126:Wilma Mankiller
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1738:Eleanor Saville
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1707:Eleanor Saville
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1496:Gertrude Ederle
1486:Eleanor Coleman
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1414:Bill Kirschbaum
1399:Duke Kahanamoku
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1278:Gertrude Ederle
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1165:Further reading
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1103:. June 17, 2013
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586:Upper West Side
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485:) and tour the
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472:Edward L. Hyman
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433:Chicago Tribune
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1202:The Great Swim
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1101:West Side Rag
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27:
19:
4614:Loretta Ross
4589:Ruby Bridges
4533:Judy Chicago
4428:Rose O'Neill
4408:Angela Davis
4387:Alice Waters
4382:Janet Rowley
4377:Carol Mutter
4265:Emma Willard
4245:Nancy Pelosi
4240:Kate Millett
4105:Ruth Patrick
4100:Emma Lazarus
4085:Karen DeCrow
4080:Mildred Cohn
3896:
3775:Lucille Ball
3749:Eudora Welty
3724:Sophia Smith
3709:Kate Mullany
3565:Sarah Grimké
3530:Maya Angelou
3363:Ann Bancroft
3342:Fanny Wright
3262:Grace Hopper
3186:Lillian Wald
3141:Annie Oakley
3121:Mary Mahoney
2945:Mary Risteau
2935:Willa Cather
2888:Bessie Smith
2766:Dorothea Dix
2694:Helen Keller
2669:Mary Cassatt
2644:Clara Barton
2420:Yolane Kukla
2322:Libby Lenton
2154:Kristin Otto
2053:Jill Sterkel
2018:Jane Barkman
1979:Jane Barkman
1917:Carolyn Wood
1672:Ethel Lackie
1667:
1602:Annie Speirs
1506:Ethel Lackie
1495:
1469:Women's Team
1439:Lester Smith
1419:Henry Luning
1389:Harry Glancy
1384:Ralph Breyer
1317:
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998:November 14,
996:. Retrieved
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866:the original
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729:November 16,
727:. Retrieved
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702:. Retrieved
696:
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626:Daisy Ridley
607:
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567:Battery Park
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483:Bebe Daniels
476:
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466:Later career
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421:Bill Burgess
418:
414:Jabez Wolffe
407:
386:Battery Park
383:
324:Ethel Lackie
309:
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264:
263:
162:Medal record
88:(2003-11-30)
18:
4663:2003 deaths
4658:1905 births
4619:Sandy Stone
4563:Indra Nooyi
4235:Julie Krone
4034:Swanee Hunt
4024:Julia Child
3988:Maya Y. Lin
3861:Bertha Holt
3795:Dorothy Day
3729:Ida Tarbell
3694:Jeanne Holm
3423:Maggie Kuhn
3222:Bella Abzug
3111:Mae Jemison
3081:Ella Grasso
3071:Alice Evans
3061:Ruth Colvin
2689:Helen Hayes
2629:Jane Addams
2537:Emma McKeon
2533:Shayna Jack
2494:Emma McKeon
2447:Emma McKeon
2357:Inge Dekker
2330:Jodie Henry
2318:Alice Mills
2291:Erin Phenix
2287:Dara Torres
2201:Dara Torres
2127:Dara Torres
1956:Kathy Ellis
1878:Faith Leech
1874:Dawn Fraser
1843:Judit Temes
1839:Ilona Novák
1773:Tini Wagner
1734:Helen Johns
1637:Irene Guest
1606:Irene Steer
1594:Belle Moore
1476:Sybil Bauer
1429:Bob Skelton
1394:Dick Howell
1107:January 19,
704:February 8,
593:BBC Radio 4
52:Nickname(s)
4652:Categories
4418:Jane Fonda
4413:Sarah Deer
4225:Betty Ford
3714:Janet Reno
3560:Gerty Cori
3535:Nellie Bly
3227:Ella Baker
3146:Rosa Parks
2940:Sally Ride
2909:Lucy Stone
2776:Alice Paul
2541:Meg Harris
2490:Meg Harris
2334:Sarah Ryan
2248:Lisa Jacob
2092:Ines Diers
2049:Kim Peyton
2022:Jenny Kemp
1816:Ann Curtis
1449:Paul Wyatt
1434:Adam Smith
1377:Men's Team
760:August 11,
698:Britannica
679:References
571:Sandy Hook
493:. She met
487:vaudeville
427:Daily News
390:Sandy Hook
245:1924 Paris
224:1924 Paris
203:1924 Paris
67:1905-10-23
4548:Joy Harjo
4470:2020–2029
4142:2010–2019
3932:Sacagawea
3679:Mary Dyer
3647:2000–2009
3116:Mary Lyon
2972:1990–1999
2803:1980–1989
2612:1970–1979
1991:Jan Henne
1291:Olympedia
1253:288377749
1222:166378101
1191:269455470
947:August 6,
942:0307-1235
872:March 16,
858:ISHOF.org
724:Olympedia
562:in 2003.
540:the Bronx
481:starring
425:New York
342:in 1924.
285:Manhattan
141:Freestyle
4543:Mia Hamm
1304:Records
1148:cite web
1140:Deadline
834:Archived
632:See also
127:Swimming
972:May 29,
528:measles
310:At the
269:swimmer
137:Strokes
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595:play,
550:Legacy
377:, 1926
110:Weight
102:Height
96:, U.S.
77:, U.S.
514:Death
123:Sport
118:Sport
4577:2024
4521:2022
4480:2020
4396:2019
4335:2017
4274:2015
4218:2013
4152:2011
4068:2009
4012:2007
3951:2005
3880:2003
3839:2002
3763:2001
3657:2000
3518:1998
3452:1996
3351:1995
3215:1994
3029:1993
3013:1991
2982:1990
2923:1988
2897:1986
2876:1984
2855:1983
2834:1982
2813:1981
2759:1979
2733:1976
2622:1973
2519:2024
2476:2020
2437:2016
2390:2012
2347:2008
2308:2004
2265:2000
2222:1996
2179:1992
2144:1988
2109:1984
2074:1980
2039:1976
2004:1972
1969:1968
1934:1964
1899:1960
1864:1956
1829:1952
1794:1948
1759:1936
1724:1932
1689:1928
1654:1924
1619:1920
1584:1912
1249:OCLC
1239:ISBN
1218:OCLC
1208:ISBN
1187:OCLC
1177:ISBN
1154:link
1109:2024
1000:2023
974:2024
949:2018
938:ISSN
874:2015
806:ISBN
762:2009
731:2021
706:2024
616:and
430:and
334:and
326:and
147:Club
83:Died
61:Born
2555:AUS
2512:AUS
2469:AUS
2430:AUS
2383:NED
2340:AUS
2301:USA
2258:USA
2215:USA
2172:GDR
2137:USA
2102:GDR
2067:USA
2032:USA
1997:USA
1962:USA
1927:USA
1892:AUS
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1822:USA
1787:NED
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