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252:, an African American faculty member from Atlanta Baptist, to offer him the position of president for this new college. Holmes had been the first African American faculty member at Atlanta Baptist and had worked there for over two decades at the time, and while he initially agreed to remain at Atlanta Baptist, he changed his mind and joined Love after then-Atlanta Baptist President George Sale asked him to publicly denounce the formation of the new school. Some time prior to this, Holmes had been involved in an effort to ouster Sale from his position as president, and Holmes's decision to accept the presidency at the new school may have been due in part to him being passed over for the presidency of Atlanta Baptist in favor of Sale in 1890.
241:, the white superintendent of education for the ABHMS, gave a speech where he said it would take a century before African Americans could be capable of managing their own churches and schools. In 1897, seeking to defuse the tension, the ABHMS agreed to work with African Americans to ensure increased representation on the colleges' boards of trustees. That same year, Atlanta Baptist was re-incorporated as a college, though African Americans were still largely excluded from leadership positions, a trend that would continue through 1899. That year, Love announced the formation of an African American Baptist college to rival the ABHMS-affiliated Atlanta Baptist.
402:(GEB, a private organization that supported schools for African Americans) and the Reverend M. W. Reddick (president of the Missionary Baptist Convention), who came to discuss the possible future of the school. While they stated that the school was "poorly managed, and educationally amounts to very little", they were interested in redeveloping the school as "a good secondary school, linked up with the Morehouse-Americus-Spelman system". In 1924, Holmes retired as president of the school and was replaced by the Reverend J. H. Gadson, who had been an educator at a school in
368:, who were collecting information on African American education in the United States. As part of their report, they recorded an enrollment of 40 primary school students and 25 high school students, though they stated that the number was usually larger in the winter months, taught by four full-time teachers and two volunteer teachers. They valued the school's assets, including the property, buildings, and materials, at about $ 16,000 and noted that the school was in $ 5,000 of debt due mostly to back pay and other general expenses. Assessing the state of education in
265:
256:, a friend of Holmes's and fellow faculty member at Atlanta Baptist, opted to remain in Atlanta, where he was now the only African American faculty member. He would later become Atlanta Baptist's first African American president in 1906. Additionally, while there had been concerns that Holmes would recruit students from Atlanta Baptist to the new school, many opted to remain at Atlanta Baptist.
183:
356:, equal to about $ 5 per student at the time. The school received some financial support from the Missionary Baptist Association to help it continue its operations, and additionally, the school farmed some of its large campus. By 1908, of the school's 325-acre (132 ha) campus, approximately 100 acres (40 ha) were used as farmland.
386:, destroyed most of the school's infrastructure, as well as "our Records and nearly everything else we had". In the aftermath of the destruction, community farmers sold some of their produce to raise money for the school's reconstruction, collecting about $ 164.34 for the school, while the Reverend T. J. Goodall (preacher at
347:
By the school's third year of operation, it had an enrollment of 365 students, and by 1908 it employed 11 teachers and enrolled 325 students. The school struggled financially for most of its existence, with one biography of the school by historian
Willard Range stating that it "remained perpetually
426:
and came under the ownership of Porter, who placed the school under the control of the
Georgia Baptist Missionary and Educational Convention. The next year, the school was renamed to Georgia Baptist College. The school continued to operate and promote fundraising efforts, including staging musical
381:
In 1919, the school had 14 instructors. By the following year, the school officially began its college department, and the number of teachers had risen to eight. However, in May of the following year, Central City
College's school buildings were destroyed in a fire. According to Holmes, the fire,
390:
in
Savannah and a board member of Central City College) personally donated $ 50 to the cause. For the fall semester that year, the school enrolled 204 students, with classes being held in tents set up on the campus. 161 students commuted, while the 43 who lived on campus stayed either in the
372:
as a whole, the report stated that, "The
Central City College, a private school located in the suburbs, is of slight educational value to the community", and additionally recommended "hat the plant be sold and the work transferred to some of the stronger Baptist schools of the State".
418:, and he committed his entire year's salary of $ 1,800 to the fundraising efforts. Additional contributions came from members of the Macon community and statewide Baptist groups, and James H. Porter, a local industrialist and philanthropist who was the head of Central City's white
467:
in
Georgia, reflected on the school by saying it was created "in the spirit of antagonism" which left it "without universal sanction or support", which caused it "to fight for its existence" while "its work at higher learning remained a petty and pitiful affair". In 2003, the
406:
for about 18 years. Gadson requested support from the GEB to help fund
Central City and even proposed a new direction for the school to focus more on industrial education at the high school level, though ultimately the GEB did not offer the school its financial support.
149:). They argued that Atlanta Baptist should have more African American representation in its leadership, and in 1899, Central City College was formed as an African American-led alternative to Atlanta Baptist, with the project spearheaded by noted Baptist preacher
323:. The primary school offered sources in geometry, grammar, history, mathematics, penmanship, and reading, while the high school courses included additional history courses, advanced mathematics, bookkeeping, physiology, physics, and language courses on English,
169:
for its first few decades of operation, adding a college department in 1920. In 1921, a fire destroyed much of the school, though it was later rebuilt. The school struggled financially for much of its existence and in 1937, it went into
462:
said the following regarding
Central City College: "Hailed as a grand venture in self-help and independence, Central City College soon faded into a marginal secondary school and eventually collapsed". Range, in a 1951 book about
2526:
2516:
307:, although the theology program was only offered to men, and only a small number of students participated in it. From its beginning, the school attempted to follow the educational model found in the
213:-based Baptist organization, was an influential group that supported several African American Baptist institutions throughout the state, including several institutions of higher learning such as the
244:
Love, acting under the auspices of the
Missionary Baptist Convention of Georgia (a statewide Baptist group that Love was the president of), acquired about 235 acres (95 ha) of land near
229:, was an outspoken advocate for more African American leadership in Baptist institutions and he had unsuccessfully sought positions on the board of trustees at both Atlanta Baptist and
398:
1921, Holmes was visited at
Central City College by Hope (who by this time was president of Atlanta Baptist, which had since been renamed to Morehouse College), E. C. Sage of the
438:
served on the school's faculty, and for one year he was the school's Dean of Religion. However, the school never fully recovered financially, and it finally closed in 1956.
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Goatley, David Emmanuel (2008). "J. Deotis Roberts (1927–): Theologian of African American Liberation Ethics". In McSwain, Larry L.; Allen, Wm. Loyd (eds.).
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and closure". By 1908, the school had an annual operating expense of about $ 4,000, while records from 1916 show that the school collected only $ 307 in
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In late 1933, Gadson launched a large fundraising campaign for improvements to the school that would elevate it to the same level of prestige as
2143:
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A Clashing of the Soul: John Hope and the Dilemma of African American Leadership and Black Higher Education in the Early Twentieth Century
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An Era of Progress and Promise, 1863–1910: The Religious, Moral, and Educational Development of the American Negro Since His Emancipation
217:. However, many African American Baptists were critical of the organization's leadership of these institutions, which were often led by
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414:, another African American educational institute in Atlanta. During a trip to New York City, he was able to secure donations from the
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The new school, named Central City College, was officially established in October 1899. It was part of a regional trend of
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161:, an instructor from Atlanta Baptist, served as its first president. The school functioned primarily as a
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to serve as the site of a new college. In September 1899, a representative of the school reached out to
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Negro Education: A Study of the Private and Higher Schools for Colored People in the United States
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Eversley, Carlton A. G. (2010). "American Baptist Home Mission Society". In Lomotey, Kofi (ed.).
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Entrepreneurship and Self-Help among Black Americans: A Reconsideration of Race and Economics
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colleges that formed around the late 1800s and early 1900s to serve African Americans in the
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137:(ABHMS), a Baptist organization that was affiliated with the Atlanta Baptist Seminary (now
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New Life for Historically Black Colleges and Universities: A 21st Century Perspective
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Sacred Mission, Worldly Ambition: Black Christian Nationalism in the Age of Jim Crow
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president's house or in tents. Fundraising efforts continued through at least 1923.
174:. The school continued on for several years after this, but finally closed in 1956.
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Righteous Discontent: The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880–1920
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The idea for the school originated in the 1890s due to internal conflicts among
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The idea for the school arose in the 1890s due to disagreements between some
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and was renamed in 1938. It closed due to financial difficulties in 1956.
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Macon Black and White: An Unutterable Separation in the American Century
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331:. Only two faculty members held college degrees—Holmes and the Reverend
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Herd-Clark, Dawn J. (2012). "Appendix: Profiles of Closed HBCUs". In
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1508:(2012). "Dignity and destiny: black reflections on eschatology". In
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Defunct private universities and colleges in Georgia (U.S. state)
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291:. In its initial form, the institution functioned primarily as a
234:
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1623:
Frustrated Fellowship: The Black Baptist Quest for Social Power
508:, another African American educational institution in Georgia.
1483:
The Rise and Progress of Negro Colleges in Georgia, 1865–1949
1271:. Edited with a foreword by Jonathan Grant. Athens, Georgia:
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The Way It Was in the South: The Black Experience in Georgia
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Mercer University § Georgia Baptist College of Nursing
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was instrumental in the formation of Central City College.
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The Abolitionist Legacy: From Reconstruction to the NAACP
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served as the first president of Central City College.
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Congregation and Campus: Baptists in Higher Education
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1243:Twentieth-Century Shapers of Baptist Social Ethics
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364:In 1914, the school was visited by members of the
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2507:African-American history of Georgia (U.S. state)
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2522:Educational institutions disestablished in 1956
2419:North Carolina Central University School of Law
2502:1956 disestablishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1215:"Central City College/Georgia Baptist College"
237:. Tensions were further inflamed in 1894 when
2537:Universities and colleges established in 1899
1660:
1604:. Atlanta: Bennett Brothers Printing Company.
382:which had been started by someone accused of
359:
295:, with the school offering a primary school,
2471:Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
2466:Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association
1676:Historically black colleges and universities
1348:
1299:. Boston: The Priscilla Publishing Company.
596:
465:historically black colleges and universities
454:for the school was erected in Macon in 2003.
2542:Universities and colleges in Macon, Georgia
2512:Defunct Christian universities and colleges
2497:1899 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1544:Lugenia Burns Hope, Black Southern Reformer
119:, United States. It was founded in 1899 as
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1653:
1616:
1319:
1195:. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, California:
1192:Encyclopedia of African American Education
865:
2409:Florida A&M University College of Law
1515:The Cambridge Companion to Black Theology
1408:
613:
319:favored by noted African American leader
18:Defunct American grade school and college
1577:United States Government Printing Office
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263:
181:
1504:
1486:(Paperback ed.). Athens, Georgia:
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2019:Interdenominational Theological Center
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1227:from the original on February 16, 2022
1141:(Revised ed.). Albany, New York:
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919:United States Office of Education 1917
907:United States Office of Education 1917
895:United States Office of Education 1917
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283:, with similar institutions including
233:, another Baptist seminary located in
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207:American Baptist Home Mission Society
135:American Baptist Home Mission Society
1293:; Penniman, George W., eds. (1910).
431:audiences. During this time, noted
13:
1610:
1601:Profiles of Black Georgia Baptists
1390:(First ed.). Macon, Georgia:
1246:(First ed.). Macon, Georgia:
1143:State University of New York Press
14:
2553:
1573:United States Office of Education
476:in Macon in honor of the school.
366:United States Office of Education
2461:Southwestern Athletic Conference
1446:. Vol. One. New York City:
259:
41:Central City College (1899–1938)
2456:Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference
2451:Florida's Black Junior Colleges
2429:Thurgood Marshall School of Law
2414:Howard University School of Law
1541:Rouse, Jacqueline Anne (1989).
673:Georgia Historical Society 2014
504:"Americus" here references the
498:
2424:Southern University Law Center
2317:Mississippi Industrial College
1388:Tubman African American Museum
376:
342:
225:, a noted Baptist leader from
1:
2403:David A. Clarke School of Law
1512:; Antonio, Edward P. (eds.).
1330:. Jefferson, North Carolina:
700:Hartshorn & Penniman 1910
515:
177:
2327:Mount Hermon Female Seminary
2069:Morehouse School of Medicine
1598:Wagner, Clarence M. (1980).
1358:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1135:Butler, John Sibley (2005).
388:First African Baptist Church
7:
2227:Central Mississippi College
1999:Florida Memorial University
1549:University of Georgia Press
1488:University of Georgia Press
1463:University of Georgia Press
1350:Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks
1273:University of Georgia Press
1172:University of Georgia Press
479:
416:National Baptist Convention
10:
2558:
1524:Cambridge University Press
1420:Princeton University Press
1220:Georgia Historical Society
1099:
470:Georgia Historical Society
458:In a 1975 book, historian
360:Office of Education report
143:historically black college
22:
2532:Schools in Macon, Georgia
2446:Atlanta University Center
2438:
2395:
2202:
1934:
1687:
1443:A Cyclopedia of Education
1418:. Princeton, New Jersey:
1265:Grant, Donald L. (1993).
474:Georgia historical marker
452:Georgia historical marker
441:
94:
78:
66:
58:
45:
35:
2476:HBCU Athletic Conference
1832:Mississippi Valley State
1618:Washington, James Melvin
1480:Range, Willard (2009) .
1360:Harvard University Press
491:
303:program. The school was
215:Atlanta Baptist Seminary
23:Not to be confused with
1827:Maryland, Eastern Shore
1628:Mercer University Press
1392:Mercer University Press
1332:McFarland & Company
1248:Mercer University Press
1118:Mercer University Press
400:General Education Board
315:, in opposition to the
105:Georgia Baptist College
31:Georgia Baptist College
2332:New Orleans University
2312:Miner Teachers College
2297:Lincoln Junior College
2129:Southwestern Christian
1852:North Carolina Central
1847:North Carolina A&T
1589:: CS1 maint: others (
1455:Oltman, Adele (2008).
455:
339:from Atlanta Baptist.
272:
191:
98:235 acres (95 ha)
2124:Simmons College (Ky.)
1822:Lincoln, Pennsylvania
1448:The MacMillan Company
1160:Davis, Leroy (1998).
449:
309:liberal arts colleges
267:
201:in the U.S. state of
185:
133:in the state and the
68:Religious affiliation
2302:Louisville Municipal
2217:Booker T. Washington
1882:Southern–New Orleans
1872:South Carolina State
1857:Prairie View A&M
1762:Elizabeth City State
1575:. Washington, D.C.:
1526:. pp. 211–220.
1520:Cambridge Companions
1334:. pp. 239–244.
1250:. pp. 120–136.
1108:Brackney, William H.
370:Bibb County, Georgia
321:Booker T. Washington
317:industrial education
121:Central City College
2174:Virginia University
1926:Winston-Salem State
1921:West Virginia State
1887:Southern–Shreveport
1717:Arkansas–Pine Bluff
1547:. Athens, Georgia:
1461:. Athens, Georgia:
1410:McPherson, James M.
1170:. Athens, Georgia:
1092:, pp. 110–111.
1029:, pp. 144–145.
897:, pp. 194–195.
801:, pp. 180–181.
753:, pp. 133–134.
741:, pp. 131–132.
538:, pp. 130–131.
429:racially segregated
299:, and a three-year
277:independent Baptist
205:. At the time, the
32:
2372:Terrell Law School
2194:Xavier (Louisiana)
1767:Fayetteville State
1626:. Macon, Georgia:
1510:Hopkins, Dwight N.
1506:Roberts, J. Deotis
1223:. June 16, 2014 .
1199:. pp. 43–44.
1168:John Hope Franklin
1116:. Macon, Georgia:
506:Americus Institute
460:James M. McPherson
456:
412:Atlanta University
335:, who also held a
273:
192:
30:
2484:
2483:
2277:Immanuel Lutheran
2237:Concordia Alabama
1817:Lincoln, Missouri
1777:Fort Valley State
1637:978-0-86554-192-4
1558:978-0-8203-2386-2
1533:978-0-521-87986-6
1497:978-0-8203-3452-3
1472:978-0-8203-3661-9
1429:978-0-691-10039-5
1401:978-0-86554-958-6
1369:978-0-674-76977-9
1341:978-0-7864-9099-8
1282:978-0-8203-2329-9
1257:978-0-88146-100-8
1206:978-1-4129-4050-4
1181:978-0-8203-1987-2
1152:978-0-7914-8604-7
1127:978-0-88146-130-5
597:Higginbotham 1993
436:J. Deotis Roberts
337:bachelor's degree
285:Guadalupe College
269:William E. Holmes
250:William E. Holmes
227:Savannah, Georgia
159:William E. Holmes
155:Savannah, Georgia
139:Morehouse College
102:
101:
62:October 1899–1956
2549:
2431:(Texas Southern)
2272:Haygood Seminary
2029:Johnson C. Smith
2024:Jarvis Christian
2014:Huston–Tillotson
1949:Arkansas Baptist
1867:Shelton State CC
1782:Gadsden State CC
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533:
509:
502:
348:on the verge of
239:Malcolm MacVicar
231:Spelman Seminary
196:African American
167:secondary school
128:African American
33:
29:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2434:
2391:
2352:SCSU Law School
2252:Georgia Baptist
2232:Collier-Blocker
2204:
2198:
2144:St. Augustine's
2104:Philander Smith
1969:Bethune–Cookman
1936:
1930:
1892:Tennessee State
1787:Grambling State
1772:Florida A&M
1727:Bluefield State
1722:Bishop State CC
1697:Alabama A&M
1689:
1683:
1673:
1638:
1613:
1611:Further reading
1608:
1582:
1581:
1559:
1534:
1498:
1473:
1430:
1402:
1370:
1342:
1283:
1258:
1230:
1228:
1207:
1197:SAGE Publishing
1182:
1153:
1128:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1076:
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1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
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1025:
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1013:
1009:
1001:
994:
986:
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961:
952:
944:
937:
929:
925:
917:
913:
905:
901:
893:
884:
876:
872:
866:Herd-Clark 2012
864:
855:
847:
838:
830:
817:
809:
805:
797:
793:
785:
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773:
769:
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499:
494:
482:
444:
394:Shortly before
379:
362:
345:
333:James M. Nabrit
262:
223:Emanuel K. Love
221:. The Reverend
219:white Americans
188:Emanuel K. Love
180:
151:Emanuel K. Love
90:
86:
69:
38:
28:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2555:
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2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2382:Volusia County
2379:
2374:
2369:
2367:Suwannee River
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
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2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
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2289:
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2279:
2274:
2269:
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2259:
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2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2208:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2169:Virginia Union
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1916:Virginia State
1913:
1908:
1899:
1897:Texas Southern
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1862:Savannah State
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Kentucky State
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1757:Delaware State
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1595:
1563:
1557:
1538:
1532:
1502:
1496:
1477:
1471:
1452:
1440:, ed. (1919).
1434:
1428:
1406:
1400:
1374:
1368:
1346:
1340:
1317:
1287:
1281:
1262:
1256:
1237:
1211:
1205:
1186:
1180:
1166:. Foreword by
1157:
1151:
1132:
1126:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1082:
1080:, p. 211.
1070:
1068:, p. 121.
1058:
1056:, p. 123.
1046:
1044:, p. 122.
1031:
1019:
1007:
1005:, p. 144.
992:
990:, p. 143.
967:
950:
948:, p. 230.
935:
933:, p. 555.
923:
921:, p. 195.
911:
909:, p. 193.
899:
882:
880:, p. 207.
870:
868:, p. 240.
853:
851:, p. 142.
836:
834:, p. 127.
815:
803:
791:
779:
777:, p. 130.
767:
765:, p. 134.
755:
743:
731:
729:, p. 125.
716:
704:
702:, p. 275.
677:
650:
648:, p. 110.
633:
631:, p. 131.
618:
616:, p. 290.
614:McPherson 1975
601:
589:
587:, p. 109.
574:
572:, p. 270.
559:
540:
520:
519:
517:
514:
511:
510:
496:
495:
493:
490:
489:
488:
481:
478:
443:
440:
427:events before
420:advisory board
378:
375:
361:
358:
344:
341:
289:Morris College
281:American South
261:
258:
246:Macon, Georgia
179:
176:
117:Macon, Georgia
107:was a private
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:Macon, Georgia
82:
80:
76:
75:
70:
67:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
47:
43:
42:
39:
36:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2554:
2543:
2540:
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2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
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2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
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2400:
2398:
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2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
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2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2247:Frelinghuysen
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2154:Texas College
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2099:Pensole Lewis
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:Edward Waters
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1979:Clark Atlanta
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:Barber–Scotia
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:Norfolk State
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1802:Jackson State
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1737:Central State
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1702:Alabama State
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1639:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1603:
1602:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1522:. Cambridge:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1238:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1091:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1017:, p. 34.
1016:
1011:
1004:
999:
997:
989:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
965:, p. 80.
964:
959:
957:
955:
947:
942:
940:
932:
927:
920:
915:
908:
903:
896:
891:
889:
887:
879:
874:
867:
862:
860:
858:
850:
845:
843:
841:
833:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
813:, p. 95.
812:
807:
800:
799:Brackney 2008
795:
789:, p. 44.
788:
787:Eversley 2010
783:
776:
771:
764:
759:
752:
747:
740:
735:
728:
723:
721:
714:, p. 79.
713:
708:
701:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
674:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
647:
642:
640:
638:
630:
625:
623:
615:
610:
608:
606:
599:, p. 57.
598:
593:
586:
581:
579:
571:
566:
564:
557:, p. 27.
556:
551:
549:
547:
545:
537:
532:
530:
528:
526:
521:
507:
501:
497:
487:
484:
483:
477:
475:
471:
466:
461:
453:
448:
439:
437:
434:
430:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
405:
404:Rome, Georgia
401:
397:
392:
389:
385:
374:
371:
367:
357:
355:
351:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:coeducational
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
270:
266:
260:Establishment
257:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:New York City
208:
204:
200:
197:
189:
186:The Reverend
184:
175:
173:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
97:
93:
89:United States
85:
81:
77:
74:
71:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
48:
44:
40:
34:
26:
21:
16:
2347:Saint Paul's
2251:
2242:Daniel Payne
2205:institutions
2074:Morris Brown
2044:LeMoyne–Owen
1937:institutions
1837:Morgan State
1792:Harris–Stowe
1752:Coppin State
1712:Alcorn State
1707:Albany State
1690:institutions
1622:
1600:
1567:
1543:
1514:
1482:
1457:
1442:
1438:Monroe, Paul
1414:
1382:
1354:
1326:
1295:
1267:
1242:
1231:February 16,
1229:. Retrieved
1218:
1191:
1162:
1137:
1112:
1085:
1078:Roberts 2012
1073:
1066:Goatley 2008
1061:
1049:
1022:
1010:
926:
914:
902:
873:
806:
794:
782:
770:
758:
746:
734:
707:
592:
500:
457:
409:
393:
380:
363:
346:
293:grade school
274:
243:
193:
125:
120:
109:grade school
104:
103:
20:
15:
2396:Law Schools
2184:Wilberforce
2049:Livingstone
1732:Bowie State
1027:Oltman 2008
1015:Oltman 2008
1003:Oltman 2008
988:Oltman 2008
931:Monroe 1919
849:Oltman 2008
832:Oltman 2008
811:Butler 2005
727:Oltman 2008
712:Wagner 1980
424:foreclosure
377:Later years
354:school fees
343:Early years
313:New England
297:high school
209:(ABHMS), a
172:foreclosure
37:Former name
2491:Categories
2322:Morristown
2094:Paul Quinn
1747:Coahoma CC
1090:Range 2009
1054:Manis 2004
1042:Manis 2004
963:Manis 2004
946:Grant 1993
878:Range 2009
775:Davis 1998
763:Davis 1998
751:Davis 1998
739:Davis 1998
646:Range 2009
629:Davis 1998
585:Range 2009
570:Grant 1993
555:Rouse 1989
536:Davis 1998
516:References
472:erected a
433:theologian
350:bankruptcy
178:Background
2439:Consortia
2342:Rosenwald
2337:Roosevelt
2262:Guadalupe
2149:Talladega
2064:Morehouse
2034:Knoxville
1585:cite book
396:Christmas
254:John Hope
2362:Straight
2292:Kittrell
2179:Voorhees
2164:Tuskegee
2159:Tougaloo
2139:Stillman
1959:Benedict
1877:Southern
1812:Langston
1797:Hinds CC
1620:(1986).
1412:(1975).
1380:(2004).
1352:(1993).
1305:10009507
1225:Archived
1110:(2008).
480:See also
384:insanity
301:theology
199:Baptists
131:Baptists
79:Location
2387:Western
2287:Johnson
2282:Jackson
2267:Hampton
2203:Defunct
2134:Spelman
2084:Oakwood
2054:Meharry
2004:Hampton
1984:Dillard
1974:Claflin
1964:Bennett
1935:Private
1742:Cheyney
1579:. 1917.
1324:(ed.).
1313:5343815
1100:Sources
235:Atlanta
203:Georgia
163:primary
147:Atlanta
113:college
73:Baptist
50:Private
2377:Turner
2357:Storer
2307:Luther
2222:Carver
2212:Bishop
2079:Morris
2009:Howard
1906:UDC-CC
1688:Public
1634:
1555:
1530:
1494:
1469:
1426:
1398:
1366:
1338:
1311:
1303:
1279:
1254:
1203:
1178:
1149:
1124:
442:Legacy
327:, and
95:Campus
59:Active
2405:(UDC)
2257:Gibbs
2189:Wiley
2114:Selma
2089:Paine
2059:Miles
1944:Allen
492:Notes
329:Latin
325:Greek
2119:Shaw
2109:Rust
2039:Lane
1994:Fisk
1680:List
1632:ISBN
1591:link
1553:ISBN
1528:ISBN
1492:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1424:ISBN
1396:ISBN
1364:ISBN
1336:ISBN
1309:OCLC
1301:LCCN
1277:ISBN
1252:ISBN
1233:2022
1201:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1147:ISBN
1122:ISBN
287:and
165:and
141:, a
111:and
53:HBCU
46:Type
1911:UVI
1902:UDC
311:of
153:of
145:in
115:in
2493::
1630:.
1587:}}
1583:{{
1551:.
1518:.
1490:.
1465:.
1422:.
1394:.
1386:.
1362:.
1307:.
1275:.
1217:.
1174:.
1145:.
1120:.
1034:^
995:^
970:^
953:^
938:^
885:^
856:^
839:^
818:^
719:^
680:^
653:^
636:^
621:^
604:^
577:^
562:^
543:^
524:^
450:A
157:.
87:,
1904:/
1682:)
1678:(
1668:e
1661:t
1654:v
1640:.
1593:)
1561:.
1536:.
1500:.
1475:.
1450:.
1432:.
1404:.
1372:.
1344:.
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1260:.
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1184:.
1155:.
1130:.
675:.
27:.
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