Knowledge

Generalizations of the derivative

Source 📝

4206:
information needed, given a particular subtree, to construct its parent tree. This information is a tuple that contains a binary indicator of whether the child is on the left or right, the value at the parent, and the sibling subtree. This type can be represented as 2×A×T, which looks very much like the derivative of the transformation that generated the tree type.
4873: 1651:), the Fréchet derivative corresponds to taking the derivative of each component separately. The resulting derivative can be mapped to a vector. This is useful, for example, if the vector-valued function is the position vector of a particle through time, then the derivative is the velocity vector of the particle through time. 5091:
Multiplicative calculus replaces addition with multiplication, and hence rather than dealing with the limit of a ratio of differences, it deals with the limit of an exponentiation of ratios. This allows the development of the geometric derivative and bigeometric derivative. Moreover, just like the
4201:
containing values of type A can be represented as the algebra generated by the transformation 1+A×T→T. The "1" represents the construction of an empty tree, and the second term represents the construction of a tree from a value and two subtrees. The "+" indicates that a tree can be constructed
4205:
The derivative of such a type is the type that describes the context of a particular substructure with respect to its next outer containing structure. Put another way, it is the type representing the "difference" between the two. In the tree example, the derivative is a type that describes the
4710: 4679: 3835: 1677:
satisfies a weaker form of the Leibniz (product) rule. It specializes the Fréchet derivative to the objects of geometric algebra. Geometric calculus is a powerful formalism that has been shown to encompass the similar frameworks of differential forms and differential geometry.
4127: 2252: 2503: 2623:
In the real numbers one can iterate the differentiation process, that is, apply derivatives more than once, obtaining derivatives of second and higher order. Higher derivatives can also be defined for functions of several variables, studied in
3493: 4565: 3616: 1722:
are special cases of the exterior derivative. An intuitive interpretation of the gradient is that it points "up": in other words, it points in the direction of fastest increase of the function. It can be used to calculate
1310: 2648:. One of the subtle points is that the higher derivatives are not intrinsically defined, and depend on the choice of the coordinates in a complicated fashion (in particular, the Hessian matrix of a function is not a 1998: 4892:
are a set of differential operators that permit the construction of a differential calculus for complex functions that is entirely analogous to the ordinary differential calculus for functions of real variables.
2609: 4868:{\displaystyle \square ={\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial x^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial y^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial z^{2}}}-{\frac {1}{c^{2}}}{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial t^{2}}}.} 4425: 3579: 1434: 2080: 3191: 2143: 4439:
of zeroth, first and second order derivatives "all at once". This allows us to think of the set of solutions of this differential equation as a "generalized antiderivative" of its right hand side 4
136: 3906: 2374: 2342: 1928: 2138: 4302: 2971: 1488: 3325: 2999: 2932: 3377: 3372: 3077: 2824: 5418: 5336: 4511: 4161: 2279: 2542: 2722: 4346: 3043: 2366: 1186: 1081: 2615:, the dual space of test functions. Weak derivatives are particularly useful in the study of partial differential equations, and within parts of functional analysis. 1191: 1151: 5093: 3611: 1049: 2299: 2022: 1336: 1121: 1101: 4909:
defines the derivative with respect to a function of a functional on a space of functions. This is an extension of the directional derivative to an infinite
5065:
and others the derivative can be used to develop notions of smoothness, analycity, integration, Taylor series as well as a theory of differential equations.
1550:, specifying the rate of change of one range coordinate with respect to a change in a domain coordinate. Of course, the Jacobian matrix of the composition 4980:. Fréchet differentiability is a strictly stronger condition than Gateaux differentiability, even in finite dimensions. Between the two extremes is the 5329: 4177:
The notion of derivation applies to noncommutative as well as commutative rings, and even to non-associative algebraic structures, such as Lie algebras.
5216:, Garrett Sobczyk: Clifford Algebra to Geometric Calculus, a Unified Language for mathematics and Physics (Dordrecht/Boston:G.Reidel Publ.Co., 1984, 1769:(a degree -1 derivation on the exterior algebra defined by contraction with a vector field), the exterior derivative and the Lie derivative form a 5068:
It may be possible to combine two or more of the above different notions of extension or abstraction of the original derivative. For example, in
5057:(it is known that any local field of positive characteristic is isomorphic to a Laurent series field). Along with suitably defined analogs to the 4351: 3232:-analogues that were discovered in the 19th century, but remained relatively obscure for a big part of the 20th century, outside of the theory of 3502: 4674:{\displaystyle \Delta ={\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial x^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial y^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial z^{2}}}.} 1632:
takes into account changes due to time dependence and motion through space along a vector field, and is a special case of the total derivative.
5322: 1355: 1945: 3095: 1731:
functions or normal directions. Divergence gives a measure of how much "source" or "sink" near a point there is. It can be used to calculate
4229:
combines several derivatives, possibly of different orders, in one algebraic expression. This is especially useful in considering ordinary
3830:{\displaystyle \lim _{z\to x}{\frac {f(z)-f(x)}{z-x}}=\lim _{q\to 1}{\frac {f(qx)-f(x)}{qx-x}}=\lim _{q\to 1}{\frac {f(qx)-f(x)}{(q-1)x}}.} 232: 5754: 2551: 1750:
is the rate of change of a vector or tensor field along the flow of another vector field. On vector fields, it is an example of a
5643: 5498: 4999:, used for changing variables, to measures. It expresses one measure μ in terms of another measure ν (under certain conditions). 2247:{\textstyle D^{\alpha }\varphi :={\frac {\partial ^{|\alpha |}\varphi }{\partial x_{1}^{\alpha _{1}}\dotsm x_{n}^{\alpha _{n}}}}} 17: 2027: 5633: 5302: 4122:{\displaystyle \left(a_{d}x^{d}+a_{d-1}x^{d-1}+\cdots +a_{1}x+a_{0}\right)'=da_{d}x^{d-1}+(d-1)a_{d-1}x^{d-2}+\cdots +a_{1}.} 3262: 2498:{\displaystyle \int _{\mathbb {R} ^{n}}u\ D^{\alpha }\!\varphi \ dx=(-1)^{|\alpha |}\int _{\mathbb {R} ^{n}}v\ \varphi \ dx} 5390: 493: 473: 5423: 4688:
or wave operator is similar to the Laplacian, but acts on functions of four variables. Its definition uses the indefinite
4450: 2304: 1890: 3329:
The q-derivative, the difference operator and the standard derivative can all be viewed as the same thing on different
969: 532: 55: 5221: 4951:. They can be used to define an analogue of exterior derivative from differential geometry that applies to arbitrary 3581:
The Hahn difference is not only a generalization of the q-derivative but also an extension of the forward difference.
2085: 488: 4197:
generated by a transformation that maps structures based on the type back into the type. For example, the type T of
2940: 478: 5035:
is an operation similar to usual differentiation but with the usual context of real or complex numbers changed to
5692: 5467: 4996: 4214: 3874: 1533: 809: 483: 463: 145: 5687: 5519: 3885:, but also turn up in many other areas, where they often agree with less algebraic definitions of derivatives. 2632:
with respect to different variables. For example, the second order partial derivatives of a scalar function of
2724:
are not commutative, the limit of the difference quotient yields two different derivatives: A left derivative
4516: 3866: 1876: 591: 538: 424: 5544: 4992: 4532: 4230: 2976: 2657: 1447: 250: 222: 5628: 2835: 333: 5536: 5147: 4885:, in much the same way that a normal derivative describes how a function is approximated by a linear map. 3336: 3048: 2730: 1931: 1315: 842: 455: 293: 265: 31: 5611: 5540: 3878: 2612: 1869: 1821: 1674: 1339: 713: 677: 459: 338: 227: 217: 2679:, there are various ways to define derivatives of fractional or negative orders, which are studied in 1824:
of a map between manifolds is the induced map between tangent spaces of those maps. It abstracts the
5682: 5595: 5524: 5238: 5162: 5111: 4244: 2511: 2257: 1942:. First define test functions, which are infinitely differentiable and compactly supported functions 318: 5616: 5503: 5349: 5040: 4977: 612: 177: 4881:
is a non-linear differential operator which describes how a complex function is approximated by a
2705: 5718: 4963: 4210: 4135: 1636: 1154: 926: 718: 607: 5621: 5450: 5368: 5194: 5180: 5153: 5141: 5092:
classical differential operator has a discrete analog, the difference operator, there are also
4914: 4307: 3584:
Also note that the q-derivative is nothing but a special case of the familiar derivative. Take
3004: 2625: 1865: 1814: 1802: 1724: 1494: 962: 891: 852: 736: 672: 596: 4940: 2351: 1159: 1054: 5510: 5440: 5363: 5345: 5117: 5105: 5081: 5044: 5010: 4906: 4889: 4882: 4878: 4226: 2696: 1837: 1782: 1629: 995: 991: 936: 602: 378: 323: 284: 190: 5428: 4523:
which assigns to each function its derivative is an example of a differential operator on a
3488:{\displaystyle {\frac {f(qx)-f(x)}{(q-1)x}}={\frac {f(x+\varepsilon )-f(x)}{\varepsilon }}.} 1130: 1019: 5638: 5552: 5493: 5385: 5267: 5185: 5168: 5085: 5058: 5025: 5018: 3889: 3870: 3256: 2001: 1939: 1841: 1801:
may be defined as a derivation at a point. This allows the abstraction of the notion of a
1759: 1728: 1659: 1529: 1521:
of a function. If such an operator exists, then it is unique, and can be represented by an
941: 921: 847: 516: 440: 414: 328: 3587: 8: 5674: 5664: 5547: 5462: 4952: 4936: 4902: 3330: 3252: 2680: 1857: 1703: 1699: 1622: 1028: 1023: 916: 886: 876: 763: 617: 419: 275: 158: 153: 5728: 5314: 5280: 5028:. There is no completely satisfactory analog of the first-order derivative or gradient. 5590: 5445: 5129: 5014: 4970: 4436: 4190: 3850: 2699:, derivatives can be defined in a similar way to real and complex functions. Since the 2629: 2284: 2007: 1736: 1715: 1691: 1670: 1547: 1321: 1106: 1086: 881: 784: 768: 708: 703: 698: 662: 543: 467: 373: 368: 172: 167: 2628:. In this case, instead of repeatedly applying the derivative, one repeatedly applies 5298: 5255: 5217: 4528: 4194: 4171: 3233: 2653: 2545: 955: 789: 567: 450: 403: 260: 255: 5733: 5580: 5570: 5472: 5433: 5247: 5135: 5069: 4981: 4948: 4944: 4685: 4543: 3225: 3221: 1853: 1770: 1766: 1687: 1655: 1648: 1614: 799: 693: 667: 528: 445: 409: 4962:, the usual definition of derivative is not quite strong enough, and one requires 5708: 5585: 5575: 5400: 5395: 5263: 5123: 4959: 4929: 4697: 4693: 4520: 4164: 1935: 1825: 1790: 1695: 1663: 1510: 1342: 931: 804: 758: 753: 640: 553: 498: 4241:) is a twice differentiable function of one variable, the differential equation 1305:{\displaystyle \lim _{\|h\|\to 0}{\frac {\|f(x+h)-f(x)-Ah\|_{W}}{\|h\|_{V}}}=0.} 5723: 5529: 5213: 4988: 4974: 4524: 4209:
This concept of a derivative of a type has practical applications, such as the
2937:
The existence of these limits are very restrictive conditions. For example, if
2684: 2652:). Nevertheless, higher derivatives have important applications to analysis of 2645: 1861: 1798: 1747: 1497:, in the context of differential equations defined by a vector valued function 814: 622: 394: 3845:
In algebra, generalizations of the derivative can be obtained by imposing the
1848:. This extends the directional derivative of scalar functions to sections of 5748: 5712: 5488: 5380: 5375: 5259: 5251: 5233: 4921: 4689: 3496: 3241: 3237: 3217: 2683:. The −1 order derivative corresponds to the integral, whence the term 1849: 1706:
and squares to zero. It is a grade 1 derivation on the exterior algebra. In
999: 794: 558: 313: 270: 4681:
Analogous operators can be defined for functions of any number of variables.
3873:
which satisfies the Leibniz law (the product rule). Higher derivatives and
5659: 5514: 5174: 5077: 5048: 5036: 5003: 3846: 3089: 2665: 1786: 1610: 1606: 548: 298: 30:
This article is about the term as used in mathematics. For other uses, see
1338:, rather than at individual points, as not doing so tends to lead to many 5236:(1949). "Über Orthogonalpolynome, die q-Differenzengleichungen genügen". 4925: 4700: 4538:
Some of these operators are so important that they have their own names:
4198: 4186: 3854: 1844:
makes a choice for taking directional derivatives of vector fields along
1755: 1751: 983: 911: 2548:. This definition coincides with the classical derivative for functions 1993:{\displaystyle \varphi \in C_{c}^{\infty }\left(\mathbb {R} ^{n}\right)} 5410: 5062: 4555: 3893: 3877:
can also be defined. They are studied in a purely algebraic setting in
3220:. A large body of results from ordinary differential calculus, such as 2700: 1719: 1591: 1349: 987: 657: 581: 308: 303: 207: 5165: – Use of numerical analysis to estimate derivatives of functions 4515:
Combining derivatives of different variables results in a notion of a
4913:
vector space. An important case is the variational derivative in the
4910: 586: 576: 5562: 5080:. Thus one might want a derivative with some of the features of a 4559: 4444: 3882: 3082: 2661: 1805:
of a scalar function to general manifolds. For manifolds that are
1794: 1740: 1711: 1618: 1007: 652: 399: 356: 45: 5073: 5024:
Laplacians and differential equations using the Laplacian can be
1517:
considered as a vector space over itself, and corresponds to the
1003: 5120: – Function defined on formal languages in computer science 2611:, and can be extended to a type of generalized functions called 3244:
have changed the situation dramatically, and the popularity of
2649: 2604:{\displaystyle u\in C^{|\alpha |}\left(\mathbb {R} ^{n}\right)} 1806: 1348:
The Fréchet derivative is quite similar to the formula for the
4429:
second order linear constant coefficient differential operator
2660:. For an advanced application of this analysis to topology of 1762:
of the manifold). It is a grade 0 derivation on the algebra.
994:
and admits many possible generalizations within the fields of
2973:
has left-derivatives at every point on an open connected set
1845: 4420:{\displaystyle L={\frac {d^{2}}{dx^{2}}}+2{\frac {d}{dx}}-3} 5419:
Differentiable vector–valued functions from Euclidean space
3574:{\displaystyle {\frac {f(qx+\omega )-f(x)}{qx+\omega -x}}.} 1732: 1314:
Functions are defined as being differentiable in some open
4562:
of a scalar function of three variables, or explicitly as
2618: 5344: 5114: – Numerical calculations carrying along derivatives 1681: 1429:{\displaystyle \lim _{h\to 0}{\frac {f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}}=A,} 2075:{\displaystyle \alpha =(\alpha _{1},\dots ,\alpha _{n})} 1879:
extends the exterior derivative to vector valued forms.
5158:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
3259:
is another discrete analog of the standard derivative.
3186:{\displaystyle D_{q}f(x)={\frac {f(qx)-f(x)}{(q-1)x}}.} 1860:, the existence of a metric chooses a unique preferred 1440:
to the left hand side. However, the Fréchet derivative
5283:, Robert S. Strichartz - Article in Notices of the AMS 2260: 2146: 2088: 1558:
is a product of corresponding Jacobian matrices: J
5108: – Function defined on integers in number theory 4713: 4568: 4453: 4435:. The key idea here is that we consider a particular 4354: 4310: 4247: 4138: 3909: 3619: 3590: 3505: 3380: 3339: 3265: 3098: 3051: 3007: 2979: 2943: 2838: 2733: 2708: 2554: 2514: 2377: 2354: 2307: 2287: 2030: 2010: 1948: 1893: 1450: 1358: 1324: 1194: 1162: 1133: 1109: 1089: 1057: 1031: 58: 5190:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
5094:
discrete analogs of these multiplicative derivatives
4535:
can be defined which allow for fractional calculus.
1934:, but not necessarily classically differentiable, a 1590:(ƒ). This is a higher-dimensional statement of the 5126: – Class of generalisations of the derivative 4867: 4673: 4505: 4419: 4340: 4296: 4155: 4121: 3829: 3605: 3573: 3487: 3366: 3319: 3185: 3071: 3037: 2993: 2965: 2926: 2818: 2716: 2603: 2536: 2497: 2360: 2337:{\displaystyle v:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} } 2336: 2293: 2273: 2246: 2132: 2074: 2016: 1992: 1923:{\displaystyle u:\mathbb {R} ^{n}\to \mathbb {R} } 1922: 1482: 1428: 1330: 1304: 1180: 1145: 1115: 1095: 1075: 1043: 130: 2413: 27:Fundamental construction of differential calculus 5746: 5132: – Generalization of derivative to fractals 4550:is a second-order partial differential operator 3753: 3684: 3621: 3083:Difference operator, q-analogues and time scales 2840: 2735: 2133:{\textstyle |\alpha |:=\sum _{1}^{n}\alpha _{i}} 1360: 1196: 131:{\displaystyle \int _{a}^{b}f'(t)\,dt=f(b)-f(a)} 5171: – Type of derivative of a linear operator 5150: – Method of mathematical differentiation 2966:{\displaystyle f:\mathbb {H} \to \mathbb {H} } 1789:may be defined as a derivation on the ring of 5330: 2675: th derivatives for any natural number 963: 4233:with constant coefficients. For example, if 3212:we obtain the ordinary derivative, thus the 1662:, which are complex-valued functions on the 1284: 1277: 1266: 1220: 1206: 1200: 5177: – Q-analog of the ordinary derivative 2690: 1702:is the unique linear map which satisfies a 1609:), the Fréchet derivative corresponds to a 1352:found in elementary one-variable calculus, 5337: 5323: 5144: – Mathematical operation in calculus 5009:is a notion of derivative in the study of 3495:The q-derivative is a special case of the 1813:, this tangent vector will agree with the 970: 956: 4928:are generalizations of the derivative to 4443: − 1, by analogy with ordinary 4220: 3840: 3065: 2987: 2959: 2951: 2710: 2587: 2465: 2385: 2330: 2316: 1976: 1916: 1902: 1864:-free covariant derivative, known as the 1546:. Each entry of this matrix represents a 91: 5634:No infinite-dimensional Lebesgue measure 5297:. New York: Cambridge University Press. 5292: 5188: – generalization of the derivative 4896: 3092:of a function is defined by the formula 1776: 5644:Structure theorem for Gaussian measures 4180: 3320:{\displaystyle \Delta f(x)=f(x+1)-f(x)} 2619:Higher-order and fractional derivatives 1831: 494:Differentiating under the integral sign 14: 5747: 4170:. This definition can be extended to 1682:Exterior derivative and Lie derivative 5520:infinite-dimensional Gaussian measure 5318: 3849:in an algebraic structure, such as a 2994:{\displaystyle U\subset \mathbb {H} } 1872:for a treatment oriented to physics. 1666:where the Fréchet derivative exists. 1483:{\displaystyle t\mapsto f'(x)\cdot t} 1013: 5391:Infinite-dimensional vector function 5232: 4955:, instead of just smooth manifolds. 2927:{\displaystyle \lim _{h\to 0}\left.} 5295:Analysis in Positive Characteristic 3367:{\displaystyle \varepsilon =(q-1)x} 3072:{\displaystyle a,b\in \mathbb {H} } 2819:{\displaystyle \lim _{h\to 0}\left} 2636:variables can be organized into an 1882: 1743:" a vector field has near a point. 1658:, the central objects of study are 1022:defines the derivative for general 24: 4973:extends the Fréchet derivative to 4846: 4836: 4797: 4787: 4765: 4755: 4733: 4723: 4652: 4642: 4620: 4610: 4588: 4578: 4569: 4506:{\displaystyle f(x)=L^{-1}(4x-1).} 3266: 2191: 2167: 1965: 1621:but it is more natural to use the 40:Part of a series of articles about 25: 5766: 5755:Generalizations of the derivative 5458:Generalizations of the derivative 5424:Differentiation in Fréchet spaces 3216:-derivative may be viewed as its 1704:graded version of the Leibniz law 1617:. This can be interpreted as the 990:is a fundamental construction of 5072:, one studies spaces which look 4215:functional programming languages 3875:algebraic differential operators 3201:is a differentiable function of 2508:If such a function exists, then 2274:{\textstyle \alpha ^{\text{th}}} 5693:Holomorphic functional calculus 4943:are universal derivations of a 4297:{\displaystyle f''+2f'-3f=4x-1} 3847:Leibniz rule of differentiation 2537:{\displaystyle D^{\alpha }u:=v} 1597:For real valued functions from 5688:Continuous functional calculus 5286: 5274: 5226: 5207: 5017:. It is used in the study of 4497: 4482: 4463: 4457: 4320: 4314: 4304:may be rewritten in the form 4142: 4062: 4050: 3869:is a linear map on a ring or 3860: 3815: 3803: 3798: 3792: 3783: 3774: 3760: 3729: 3723: 3714: 3705: 3691: 3663: 3657: 3648: 3642: 3628: 3542: 3536: 3527: 3512: 3473: 3467: 3458: 3446: 3428: 3416: 3411: 3405: 3396: 3387: 3358: 3346: 3314: 3308: 3299: 3287: 3278: 3272: 3171: 3159: 3154: 3148: 3139: 3130: 3118: 3112: 3017: 3011: 2955: 2895: 2889: 2880: 2868: 2847: 2803: 2797: 2788: 2776: 2742: 2575: 2567: 2452: 2444: 2439: 2429: 2326: 2301:exists if there is a function 2180: 2172: 2098: 2090: 2069: 2037: 1912: 1542:(ƒ) of the mapping ƒ at point 1471: 1465: 1454: 1408: 1402: 1393: 1381: 1367: 1253: 1247: 1238: 1226: 1209: 1172: 1067: 125: 119: 110: 104: 88: 82: 13: 1: 5293:Kochubei, Anatoly N. (2009). 5156: – Branch of mathematics 4533:pseudo-differential operators 4517:partial differential operator 4231:linear differential equations 2140:. Applied to test functions, 1877:exterior covariant derivative 425:Integral of inverse functions 5138: – Mathematical concept 4163:is then a derivation on the 2717:{\displaystyle \mathbb {H} } 7: 5148:Logarithmic differentiation 5099: 4156:{\displaystyle f\mapsto f'} 1938:may be defined by means of 1822:differential or pushforward 843:Calculus on Euclidean space 266:Logarithmic differentiation 32:derivative (disambiguation) 10: 5771: 5047:with coefficients in some 3879:differential Galois theory 3248:-analogues is on the rise. 1870:gauge covariant derivative 1739:. Curl measures how much " 29: 5701: 5683:Borel functional calculus 5673: 5652: 5604: 5561: 5481: 5409: 5356: 5350:topological vector spaces 5239:Mathematische Nachrichten 5163:Numerical differentiation 5112:Automatic differentiation 4978:topological vector spaces 4932:used in convex analysis. 4341:{\displaystyle L(f)=4x-1} 3038:{\displaystyle f(q)=a+qb} 1519:best linear approximation 1505:, the Fréchet derivative 577:Summand limit (term test) 5617:Inverse function theorem 5504:Classical Wiener measure 5252:10.1002/mana.19490020103 5200: 4993:Radon–Nikodym derivative 4964:strict differentiability 4193:can be described as the 3896:over a commutative ring 2691:Quaternionic derivatives 2361:{\displaystyle \varphi } 1754:(vector fields form the 1181:{\displaystyle A:V\to W} 1076:{\displaystyle f:U\to W} 261:Implicit differentiation 251:Differentiation notation 178:Inverse function theorem 5719:Convenient vector space 4431:acting on functions of 2829:and a right derivative 1725:directional derivatives 1637:vector-valued functions 1155:bounded linear operator 719:Helmholtz decomposition 5612:Cameron–Martin theorem 5369:Classical Wiener space 5195:Topological derivative 5181:Semi-differentiability 5154:Non-classical analysis 5142:Logarithmic derivative 5011:abstract Wiener spaces 4915:calculus of variations 4869: 4675: 4507: 4447:, and formally write 4421: 4342: 4298: 4221:Differential operators 4157: 4123: 3841:Derivatives in algebra 3831: 3607: 3575: 3489: 3368: 3333:. For example, taking 3321: 3187: 3073: 3039: 2995: 2967: 2928: 2820: 2718: 2626:multivariable calculus 2605: 2538: 2499: 2362: 2338: 2295: 2275: 2248: 2134: 2119: 2076: 2018: 1994: 1924: 1866:Levi-Civita connection 1815:directional derivative 1803:directional derivative 1495:multivariable calculus 1484: 1430: 1332: 1306: 1182: 1147: 1146:{\displaystyle x\in U} 1125:Fréchet differentiable 1117: 1097: 1077: 1051:. Briefly, a function 1045: 853:Limit of distributions 673:Directional derivative 334:Faà di Bruno's formula 132: 18:Generalized derivative 5629:Feldman–Hájek theorem 5441:Functional derivative 5364:Abstract Wiener space 5118:Brzozowski derivative 5106:Arithmetic derivative 5082:functional derivative 5045:formal Laurent series 4907:functional derivative 4897:Other generalizations 4890:Wirtinger derivatives 4883:fractional-linear map 4879:Schwarzian derivative 4870: 4676: 4508: 4422: 4343: 4299: 4227:differential operator 4158: 4124: 3832: 3608: 3576: 3490: 3369: 3322: 3240:and the discovery of 3205:then in the limit as 3188: 3074: 3040: 2996: 2968: 2929: 2821: 2719: 2697:quaternionic analysis 2656:of a function at its 2606: 2539: 2500: 2363: 2339: 2296: 2276: 2249: 2135: 2105: 2077: 2019: 1995: 1925: 1838:differential geometry 1783:differential topology 1777:Differential topology 1660:holomorphic functions 1630:convective derivative 1485: 1444:denotes the function 1431: 1333: 1307: 1183: 1148: 1118: 1103:is an open subset of 1098: 1078: 1046: 996:mathematical analysis 992:differential calculus 937:Mathematical analysis 848:Generalized functions 533:arithmetico-geometric 379:Leibniz integral rule 133: 5553:Radonifying function 5494:Cylinder set measure 5386:Cylinder set measure 5281:Analysis on Fractals 5186:Symmetric derivative 5169:Pincherle derivative 5086:covariant derivative 5059:exponential function 5019:stochastic processes 4941:Kähler differentials 4711: 4566: 4451: 4352: 4308: 4245: 4181:Derivative of a type 4136: 3907: 3617: 3606:{\displaystyle z=qx} 3588: 3503: 3378: 3337: 3263: 3257:difference equations 3096: 3049: 3005: 2977: 2941: 2836: 2731: 2706: 2552: 2512: 2375: 2352: 2305: 2285: 2258: 2144: 2086: 2028: 2008: 1946: 1940:integration by parts 1891: 1842:covariant derivative 1832:Covariant derivative 1760:diffeomorphism group 1675:geometric derivative 1448: 1356: 1322: 1192: 1160: 1131: 1107: 1087: 1055: 1029: 1024:normed vector spaces 942:Nonstandard analysis 415:Lebesgue integration 285:Rules and identities 56: 5675:Functional calculus 5665:Covariance operator 5586:Gelfand–Pettis/Weak 5548:measurable function 5463:Hadamard derivative 5026:defined on fractals 4953:algebraic varieties 4937:commutative algebra 4903:functional analysis 4191:abstract data types 3253:difference operator 2681:fractional calculus 2630:partial derivatives 2281:weak derivative of 2240: 2215: 2004:, which are length 1969: 1858:Riemannian geometry 1700:exterior derivative 1623:exterior derivative 1044:{\displaystyle V,W} 613:Cauchy condensation 420:Contour integration 146:Fundamental theorem 73: 5622:Nash–Moser theorem 5499:Canonical Gaussian 5446:Gateaux derivative 5429:Fréchet derivative 5130:Fractal derivative 5033:Carlitz derivative 5015:Malliavin calculus 4971:Gateaux derivative 4865: 4671: 4527:. By means of the 4503: 4437:linear combination 4417: 4338: 4294: 4213:technique used in 4172:rational functions 4153: 4119: 3881:and the theory of 3827: 3767: 3698: 3635: 3603: 3571: 3485: 3364: 3317: 3236:. The progress of 3183: 3069: 3035: 2991: 2963: 2924: 2854: 2816: 2749: 2714: 2601: 2544:, which is unique 2534: 2495: 2358: 2334: 2291: 2271: 2244: 2219: 2194: 2130: 2072: 2024:lists of integers 2014: 1990: 1955: 1932:locally integrable 1920: 1765:Together with the 1737:divergence theorem 1692:differential forms 1671:geometric calculus 1548:partial derivative 1480: 1426: 1374: 1328: 1302: 1216: 1178: 1153:if there exists a 1143: 1113: 1093: 1073: 1041: 1020:Fréchet derivative 1014:Fréchet derivative 785:Partial derivative 714:generalized Stokes 608:Alternating series 489:Reduction formulae 464:tangent half-angle 451:Cylindrical shells 374:Integral transform 369:Lists of integrals 173:Mean value theorem 128: 59: 5742: 5741: 5639:Sazonov's theorem 5525:Projection-valued 5304:978-0-521-50977-0 4860: 4831: 4811: 4779: 4747: 4696:, instead of the 4666: 4634: 4602: 4529:Fourier transform 4409: 4388: 3890:formal derivative 3888:For example, the 3822: 3752: 3747: 3683: 3678: 3620: 3566: 3480: 3435: 3234:special functions 3178: 2839: 2734: 2546:almost everywhere 2488: 2482: 2419: 2402: 2294:{\displaystyle u} 2268: 2242: 2017:{\displaystyle n} 1887:Given a function 1854:principal bundles 1649:parametric curves 1436:and simply moves 1415: 1359: 1331:{\displaystyle x} 1294: 1195: 1116:{\displaystyle V} 1096:{\displaystyle U} 980: 979: 860: 859: 822: 821: 790:Multiple integral 726: 725: 630: 629: 597:Direct comparison 568:Convergence tests 506: 505: 479:Partial fractions 346: 345: 256:Second derivative 16:(Redirected from 5762: 5734:Hilbert manifold 5729:Fréchet manifold 5513: like  5473:Quasi-derivative 5339: 5332: 5325: 5316: 5315: 5309: 5308: 5290: 5284: 5278: 5272: 5271: 5230: 5224: 5211: 5191: 5159: 5136:Hasse derivative 5070:Finsler geometry 4995:generalizes the 4982:quasi-derivative 4945:commutative ring 4930:convex functions 4874: 4872: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4857: 4844: 4843: 4834: 4832: 4830: 4829: 4817: 4812: 4810: 4809: 4808: 4795: 4794: 4785: 4780: 4778: 4777: 4776: 4763: 4762: 4753: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4744: 4731: 4730: 4721: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4650: 4649: 4640: 4635: 4633: 4632: 4631: 4618: 4617: 4608: 4603: 4601: 4600: 4599: 4586: 4585: 4576: 4553: 4546:or Laplacian on 4544:Laplace operator 4512: 4510: 4509: 4504: 4481: 4480: 4426: 4424: 4423: 4418: 4410: 4408: 4397: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4385: 4372: 4371: 4362: 4347: 4345: 4344: 4339: 4303: 4301: 4300: 4295: 4269: 4255: 4162: 4160: 4159: 4154: 4152: 4128: 4126: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4114: 4096: 4095: 4080: 4079: 4046: 4045: 4030: 4029: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4005: 4004: 3989: 3988: 3970: 3969: 3954: 3953: 3935: 3934: 3925: 3924: 3836: 3834: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3821: 3801: 3769: 3766: 3748: 3746: 3732: 3700: 3697: 3679: 3677: 3666: 3637: 3634: 3613:. Then we have, 3612: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3580: 3578: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3565: 3545: 3507: 3494: 3492: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3441: 3436: 3434: 3414: 3382: 3373: 3371: 3370: 3365: 3326: 3324: 3323: 3318: 3226:Taylor expansion 3222:binomial formula 3211: 3192: 3190: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3157: 3125: 3108: 3107: 3078: 3076: 3075: 3070: 3068: 3044: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3000: 2998: 2997: 2992: 2990: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2964: 2962: 2954: 2933: 2931: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2915: 2914: 2902: 2898: 2853: 2825: 2823: 2822: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2810: 2806: 2767: 2766: 2748: 2723: 2721: 2720: 2715: 2713: 2610: 2608: 2607: 2602: 2600: 2596: 2595: 2590: 2580: 2579: 2578: 2570: 2543: 2541: 2540: 2535: 2524: 2523: 2504: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2486: 2480: 2476: 2475: 2474: 2473: 2468: 2457: 2456: 2455: 2447: 2417: 2412: 2411: 2400: 2396: 2395: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2367: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2343: 2341: 2340: 2335: 2333: 2325: 2324: 2319: 2300: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2280: 2278: 2277: 2272: 2270: 2269: 2266: 2253: 2251: 2250: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2238: 2237: 2227: 2214: 2213: 2212: 2202: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2183: 2175: 2164: 2156: 2155: 2139: 2137: 2136: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2118: 2113: 2101: 2093: 2081: 2079: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2067: 2049: 2048: 2023: 2021: 2020: 2015: 1999: 1997: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1984: 1979: 1968: 1963: 1929: 1927: 1926: 1921: 1919: 1911: 1910: 1905: 1883:Weak derivatives 1791:smooth functions 1771:Lie superalgebra 1767:interior product 1688:exterior algebra 1656:complex analysis 1615:total derivative 1489: 1487: 1486: 1481: 1464: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1416: 1411: 1376: 1373: 1337: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1303: 1295: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1275: 1274: 1273: 1218: 1215: 1187: 1185: 1184: 1179: 1152: 1150: 1149: 1144: 1122: 1120: 1119: 1114: 1102: 1100: 1099: 1094: 1082: 1080: 1079: 1074: 1050: 1048: 1047: 1042: 972: 965: 958: 906: 871: 837: 836: 833: 800:Surface integral 743: 742: 739: 647: 646: 643: 603:Limit comparison 523: 522: 519: 410:Riemann integral 363: 362: 359: 319:L'Hôpital's rule 276:Taylor's theorem 197: 196: 193: 137: 135: 134: 129: 81: 72: 67: 37: 36: 21: 5770: 5769: 5765: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5760: 5759: 5745: 5744: 5743: 5738: 5709:Banach manifold 5697: 5669: 5648: 5600: 5576:Direct integral 5557: 5477: 5405: 5401:Vector calculus 5396:Matrix calculus 5352: 5343: 5313: 5312: 5305: 5291: 5287: 5279: 5275: 5231: 5227: 5212: 5208: 5203: 5189: 5157: 5124:Dini derivative 5102: 5056: 5043:in the form of 4960:p-adic analysis 4899: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4839: 4835: 4833: 4825: 4821: 4816: 4804: 4800: 4796: 4790: 4786: 4784: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4758: 4754: 4752: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4726: 4722: 4720: 4712: 4709: 4708: 4694:Minkowski space 4659: 4655: 4651: 4645: 4641: 4639: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4609: 4607: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4577: 4575: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4551: 4521:linear operator 4473: 4469: 4452: 4449: 4448: 4401: 4396: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4367: 4363: 4361: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4309: 4306: 4305: 4262: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4242: 4223: 4183: 4165:polynomial ring 4145: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4110: 4106: 4085: 4081: 4069: 4065: 4035: 4031: 4025: 4021: 4000: 3996: 3984: 3980: 3959: 3955: 3943: 3939: 3930: 3926: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3904: 3863: 3843: 3802: 3770: 3768: 3756: 3733: 3701: 3699: 3687: 3667: 3638: 3636: 3624: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3589: 3586: 3585: 3546: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3500: 3442: 3440: 3415: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3375: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3264: 3261: 3260: 3228:, have natural 3206: 3158: 3126: 3124: 3103: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3093: 3085: 3064: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3006: 3003: 3002: 2986: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2958: 2950: 2942: 2939: 2938: 2907: 2903: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2855: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2833: 2772: 2768: 2759: 2755: 2754: 2750: 2738: 2732: 2729: 2728: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2703: 2693: 2671:In addition to 2658:critical points 2621: 2591: 2586: 2585: 2581: 2574: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2553: 2550: 2549: 2519: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2469: 2464: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2451: 2443: 2442: 2438: 2407: 2403: 2389: 2384: 2383: 2382: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2348:test functions 2329: 2320: 2315: 2314: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2265: 2261: 2259: 2256: 2255: 2233: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2208: 2204: 2203: 2198: 2190: 2179: 2171: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2163: 2151: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2124: 2120: 2114: 2109: 2097: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2063: 2059: 2044: 2040: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2009: 2006: 2005: 1980: 1975: 1974: 1970: 1964: 1959: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1936:weak derivative 1915: 1906: 1901: 1900: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1834: 1826:Jacobian matrix 1779: 1696:smooth manifold 1684: 1664:complex numbers 1589: 1579: 1569: 1563: 1555: 1541: 1534:Jacobian matrix 1511:linear operator 1457: 1449: 1446: 1445: 1377: 1375: 1363: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1343:counterexamples 1323: 1320: 1319: 1287: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1265: 1219: 1217: 1199: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1132: 1129: 1128: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1030: 1027: 1026: 1016: 976: 947: 946: 932:Integration Bee 907: 904: 897: 896: 872: 869: 862: 861: 834: 831: 824: 823: 805:Volume integral 740: 735: 728: 727: 644: 639: 632: 631: 601: 520: 515: 508: 507: 499:Risch algorithm 474:Euler's formula 360: 355: 348: 347: 329:General Leibniz 212:generalizations 194: 189: 182: 168:Rolle's theorem 163: 138: 74: 68: 63: 57: 54: 53: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5768: 5758: 5757: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5724:Choquet theory 5721: 5716: 5705: 5703: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5679: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5662: 5656: 5654: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5625: 5624: 5614: 5608: 5606: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5567: 5565: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5534: 5533: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5501: 5491: 5485: 5483: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5454: 5453: 5443: 5438: 5437: 5436: 5426: 5421: 5415: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5360: 5358: 5357:Basic concepts 5354: 5353: 5342: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5319: 5311: 5310: 5303: 5285: 5273: 5234:Hahn, Wolfgang 5225: 5214:David Hestenes 5205: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5198: 5197: 5192: 5183: 5178: 5172: 5166: 5160: 5151: 5145: 5139: 5133: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5109: 5101: 5098: 5052: 5041:characteristic 4989:measure theory 4975:locally convex 4898: 4895: 4894: 4893: 4886: 4875: 4864: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4838: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4815: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4789: 4783: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4716: 4682: 4670: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4616: 4612: 4606: 4598: 4594: 4590: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4571: 4554:given by the 4525:function space 4502: 4499: 4496: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4479: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4416: 4413: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4395: 4392: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4370: 4366: 4360: 4357: 4337: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4278: 4275: 4272: 4268: 4265: 4261: 4258: 4254: 4251: 4222: 4219: 4182: 4179: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4130: 4129: 4118: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4102: 4099: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4034: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3992: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3958: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3933: 3929: 3923: 3919: 3914: 3900:is defined by 3862: 3859: 3842: 3839: 3838: 3837: 3826: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3811: 3808: 3805: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3641: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3602: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3582: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3374:, we may have 3363: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3327: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3249: 3242:quantum groups 3182: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3123: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3106: 3102: 3084: 3081: 3067: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2935: 2934: 2923: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2897: 2894: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2842: 2827: 2826: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2771: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2712: 2692: 2689: 2685:differintegral 2646:Hessian matrix 2620: 2617: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2564: 2560: 2557: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2522: 2518: 2506: 2505: 2494: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2472: 2467: 2461: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2406: 2399: 2392: 2387: 2381: 2357: 2344:such that for 2332: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2310: 2290: 2264: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2211: 2207: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2188: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2169: 2162: 2159: 2154: 2150: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2071: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2013: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1973: 1967: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1951: 1918: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1896: 1884: 1881: 1850:vector bundles 1833: 1830: 1799:tangent vector 1778: 1775: 1748:Lie derivative 1683: 1680: 1585: 1573: 1567: 1559: 1553: 1537: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1362: 1327: 1301: 1298: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1279: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1198: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1112: 1092: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1015: 1012: 978: 977: 975: 974: 967: 960: 952: 949: 948: 945: 944: 939: 934: 929: 927:List of topics 924: 919: 914: 908: 903: 902: 899: 898: 895: 894: 889: 884: 879: 873: 868: 867: 864: 863: 858: 857: 856: 855: 850: 845: 835: 830: 829: 826: 825: 820: 819: 818: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 779: 778: 774: 773: 772: 771: 766: 761: 756: 748: 747: 741: 734: 733: 730: 729: 724: 723: 722: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 688: 687: 683: 682: 681: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 645: 638: 637: 634: 633: 628: 627: 626: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 571: 570: 564: 563: 562: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 521: 514: 513: 510: 509: 504: 503: 502: 501: 496: 491: 486: 484:Changing order 481: 476: 471: 453: 448: 443: 435: 434: 433:Integration by 430: 429: 428: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 397: 395:Antiderivative 389: 388: 384: 383: 382: 381: 376: 371: 361: 354: 353: 350: 349: 344: 343: 342: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 288: 287: 281: 280: 279: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 253: 245: 244: 240: 239: 238: 237: 236: 235: 230: 225: 215: 202: 201: 195: 188: 187: 184: 183: 181: 180: 175: 170: 164: 162: 161: 156: 150: 149: 148: 140: 139: 127: 124: 121: 118: 115: 112: 109: 106: 103: 100: 97: 94: 90: 87: 84: 80: 77: 71: 66: 62: 52: 49: 48: 42: 41: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5767: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5714: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5651: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5603: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5568: 5566: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5517: 5516: 5515:set functions 5512: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5489:Besov measure 5487: 5486: 5484: 5482:Measurability 5480: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5452: 5449: 5448: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5435: 5432: 5431: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5408: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5381:Convex series 5379: 5377: 5376:Bochner space 5374: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5335: 5333: 5328: 5326: 5321: 5320: 5317: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5289: 5282: 5277: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5246:(1–2): 4–34. 5245: 5241: 5240: 5235: 5229: 5223: 5222:90-277-2561-6 5219: 5215: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5193: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5170: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5155: 5152: 5149: 5146: 5143: 5140: 5137: 5134: 5131: 5128: 5125: 5122: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5097: 5095: 5089: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5078:Banach spaces 5075: 5071: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5029: 5027: 5022: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4985: 4983: 4979: 4976: 4972: 4967: 4965: 4961: 4956: 4954: 4950: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4922:subderivative 4918: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4891: 4887: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4862: 4854: 4850: 4840: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4813: 4805: 4801: 4791: 4781: 4773: 4769: 4759: 4749: 4741: 4737: 4727: 4717: 4714: 4706: 4702: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4690:metric tensor 4687: 4686:d'Alembertian 4683: 4668: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4636: 4628: 4624: 4614: 4604: 4596: 4592: 4582: 4572: 4561: 4557: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4540: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4513: 4500: 4494: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4477: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4460: 4454: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4414: 4411: 4405: 4402: 4398: 4393: 4390: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4368: 4364: 4358: 4355: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4317: 4311: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4266: 4263: 4259: 4256: 4252: 4249: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4212: 4207: 4203: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4166: 4149: 4146: 4139: 4116: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4082: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4066: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4047: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3990: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3956: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3917: 3912: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3899: 3895: 3891: 3886: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3858: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3795: 3789: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3771: 3763: 3757: 3749: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3726: 3720: 3717: 3711: 3708: 3702: 3694: 3688: 3680: 3674: 3671: 3668: 3660: 3654: 3651: 3645: 3639: 3631: 3625: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3583: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3539: 3533: 3530: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3509: 3498: 3482: 3477: 3470: 3464: 3461: 3455: 3452: 3449: 3443: 3437: 3431: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3408: 3402: 3399: 3393: 3390: 3384: 3361: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3332: 3328: 3311: 3305: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3284: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3238:combinatorics 3235: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3218:q-deformation 3215: 3209: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3180: 3174: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3151: 3145: 3142: 3136: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3104: 3100: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3080: 3061: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3014: 3008: 2983: 2980: 2947: 2944: 2921: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2865: 2861: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2832: 2831: 2830: 2812: 2807: 2800: 2794: 2791: 2785: 2782: 2779: 2773: 2769: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2702: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2654:local extrema 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2616: 2614: 2613:distributions 2597: 2592: 2582: 2571: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2547: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2492: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2470: 2459: 2448: 2435: 2432: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2414: 2408: 2404: 2397: 2390: 2379: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2355: 2347: 2321: 2311: 2308: 2288: 2262: 2234: 2230: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2209: 2205: 2199: 2195: 2186: 2176: 2160: 2157: 2152: 2148: 2125: 2121: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2034: 2031: 2011: 2003: 2002:multi-indices 1986: 1981: 1971: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1949: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1907: 1897: 1894: 1880: 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1607:scalar fields 1604: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1577: 1571: 1562: 1557: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1532:known as the 1531: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1491: 1477: 1474: 1468: 1461: 1458: 1451: 1443: 1439: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1412: 1405: 1399: 1396: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1378: 1370: 1364: 1351: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1325: 1317: 1316:neighbourhood 1312: 1299: 1296: 1288: 1280: 1270: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1250: 1244: 1241: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1223: 1212: 1203: 1175: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1156: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1126: 1110: 1090: 1070: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1025: 1021: 1011: 1009: 1005: 1001: 1000:combinatorics 997: 993: 989: 985: 973: 968: 966: 961: 959: 954: 953: 951: 950: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 909: 901: 900: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 874: 866: 865: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 840: 839: 838: 828: 827: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 795:Line integral 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 782: 781: 780: 776: 775: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 751: 750: 749: 745: 744: 738: 737:Multivariable 732: 731: 720: 717: 715: 712: 710: 707: 705: 702: 700: 697: 695: 692: 691: 690: 689: 685: 684: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 650: 649: 648: 642: 636: 635: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 578: 575: 574: 573: 572: 569: 566: 565: 560: 557: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 534: 530: 527: 526: 525: 524: 518: 512: 511: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 469: 465: 461: 460:trigonometric 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 438: 437: 436: 432: 431: 426: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 405: 401: 398: 396: 393: 392: 391: 390: 386: 385: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 367: 366: 365: 364: 358: 352: 351: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 291: 290: 289: 286: 283: 282: 277: 274: 272: 271:Related rates 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 248: 247: 246: 242: 241: 234: 231: 229: 228:of a function 226: 224: 223:infinitesimal 221: 220: 219: 216: 213: 209: 206: 205: 204: 203: 199: 198: 192: 186: 185: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 165: 160: 157: 155: 152: 151: 147: 144: 143: 142: 141: 122: 116: 113: 107: 101: 98: 95: 92: 85: 78: 75: 69: 64: 60: 51: 50: 47: 44: 43: 39: 38: 33: 19: 5702:Applications 5660:Crinkled arc 5596:Paley–Wiener 5457: 5294: 5288: 5276: 5243: 5237: 5228: 5209: 5175:q-derivative 5090: 5067: 5053: 5049:finite field 5039:of positive 5037:local fields 5032: 5030: 5023: 5004: 5001: 4986: 4968: 4957: 4934: 4919: 4900: 4704: 4547: 4537: 4514: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4238: 4234: 4224: 4208: 4204: 4202:either way. 4199:binary trees 4184: 4176: 4167: 4132:The mapping 4131: 3897: 3887: 3864: 3844: 3499:difference, 3245: 3229: 3213: 3207: 3202: 3198: 3197:nonzero, if 3194: 3090:q-derivative 2936: 2828: 2694: 2676: 2672: 2670: 2666:Morse theory 2644:matrix, the 2641: 2637: 2633: 2622: 2507: 2345: 1886: 1874: 1868:. See also 1835: 1819: 1810: 1787:vector field 1780: 1764: 1745: 1707: 1685: 1668: 1653: 1644: 1640: 1634: 1627: 1611:vector field 1602: 1598: 1596: 1586: 1581: 1575: 1565: 1560: 1551: 1543: 1538: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1492: 1441: 1437: 1347: 1340:pathological 1313: 1124: 1123:, is called 1017: 981: 456:Substitution 218:Differential 211: 191:Differential 5468:Holomorphic 5451:Directional 5411:Derivatives 5007:-derivative 4926:subgradient 4911:dimensional 4701:dot product 4445:integration 4187:type theory 3861:Derivations 3855:Lie algebra 3331:time scales 2701:quaternions 2368:, we have 2254:. Then the 1756:Lie algebra 1752:Lie bracket 1613:called the 984:mathematics 912:Precalculus 905:Miscellanea 870:Specialized 777:Definitions 544:Alternating 387:Definitions 200:Definitions 5063:logarithms 4556:divergence 3894:polynomial 3867:derivation 1720:divergence 1592:chain rule 1350:derivative 1188:such that 988:derivative 892:Variations 887:Stochastic 877:Fractional 746:Formalisms 709:Divergence 678:Identities 658:Divergence 208:Derivative 159:Continuity 5591:Regulated 5563:Integrals 5260:0025-584X 4966:instead. 4847:∂ 4837:∂ 4814:− 4798:∂ 4788:∂ 4766:∂ 4756:∂ 4734:∂ 4724:∂ 4715:◻ 4698:Euclidean 4653:∂ 4643:∂ 4621:∂ 4611:∂ 4589:∂ 4579:∂ 4570:Δ 4492:− 4475:− 4412:− 4348:, where 4333:− 4289:− 4271:− 4174:as well. 4143:↦ 4101:⋯ 4090:− 4074:− 4057:− 4040:− 3975:⋯ 3964:− 3948:− 3883:D-modules 3810:− 3787:− 3761:→ 3741:− 3718:− 3692:→ 3672:− 3652:− 3629:→ 3560:− 3557:ω 3531:− 3525:ω 3478:ε 3462:− 3456:ε 3423:− 3400:− 3353:− 3341:ε 3303:− 3267:Δ 3166:− 3143:− 3062:∈ 2984:⊂ 2956:→ 2909:− 2884:− 2848:→ 2792:− 2761:− 2743:→ 2662:manifolds 2572:α 2559:∈ 2521:α 2484:φ 2460:∫ 2449:α 2433:− 2415:φ 2409:α 2380:∫ 2356:φ 2327:→ 2263:α 2231:α 2217:⋯ 2206:α 2192:∂ 2187:φ 2177:α 2168:∂ 2158:φ 2153:α 2122:α 2107:∑ 2095:α 2061:α 2054:… 2042:α 2032:α 1966:∞ 1953:∈ 1950:φ 1930:which is 1913:→ 1475:⋅ 1455:↦ 1397:− 1368:→ 1285:‖ 1278:‖ 1267:‖ 1257:− 1242:− 1221:‖ 1210:→ 1207:‖ 1201:‖ 1173:→ 1138:∈ 1068:→ 882:Malliavin 769:Geometric 668:Laplacian 618:Dirichlet 529:Geometric 114:− 61:∫ 5749:Category 5545:Strongly 5346:Analysis 5100:See also 5084:and the 5013:and the 4997:Jacobian 4560:gradient 4267:′ 4253:″ 4150:′ 4012:′ 1797:, and a 1795:manifold 1741:rotation 1712:gradient 1619:gradient 1462:′ 1083:, where 1008:geometry 922:Glossary 832:Advanced 810:Jacobian 764:Exterior 694:Gradient 686:Theorems 653:Gradient 592:Integral 554:Binomial 539:Harmonic 404:improper 400:Integral 357:Integral 339:Reynolds 314:Quotient 243:Concepts 79:′ 46:Calculus 5711: ( 5653:Related 5605:Results 5581:Dunford 5571:Bochner 5537:Bochner 5511:Measure 5268:0030647 5074:locally 4558:of the 4195:algebra 4189:, many 3871:algebra 3001:, then 2664:, see 1862:torsion 1807:subsets 1758:of the 1694:over a 1686:On the 1647:(i.e., 1010:, etc. 1004:algebra 917:History 815:Hessian 704:Stokes' 699:Green's 531: ( 458: ( 402: ( 324:Inverse 299:Product 210: ( 5713:bundle 5541:Weakly 5530:Vector 5301:  5266:  5258:  5220:  4991:, the 4949:module 4905:, the 4519:. The 4211:zipper 2650:tensor 2487:  2481:  2418:  2401:  2000:, and 1856:. In 1846:curves 1840:, the 1729:scalar 1718:, and 1710:, the 1698:, the 1673:, the 1530:matrix 986:, the 759:Tensor 754:Matrix 641:Vector 559:Taylor 517:Series 154:Limits 5434:Total 5201:Notes 5076:like 4427:is a 3892:of a 3853:or a 2082:with 1793:on a 1639:from 1509:is a 582:Ratio 549:Power 468:Euler 446:Discs 441:Parts 309:Power 304:Chain 233:total 5299:ISBN 5256:ISSN 5218:ISBN 5031:The 5002:The 4969:The 4924:and 4920:The 4888:The 4877:The 4684:The 4542:The 3851:ring 3497:Hahn 3251:The 3224:and 3193:For 3088:The 3045:for 1875:The 1820:The 1785:, a 1746:The 1733:flux 1716:curl 1635:For 1628:The 1572:) =J 1018:The 663:Curl 623:Abel 587:Root 5348:in 5248:doi 4987:In 4958:In 4947:or 4935:In 4917:. 4901:In 4703:of 4692:of 4185:In 3754:lim 3685:lim 3622:lim 3255:of 3210:→ 1 2841:lim 2736:lim 2695:In 2640:by 2346:all 1852:or 1836:In 1809:of 1781:In 1735:by 1727:of 1690:of 1669:In 1654:In 1643:to 1601:to 1525:by 1513:on 1501:to 1493:In 1361:lim 1318:of 1197:lim 1127:at 982:In 294:Sum 5751:: 5543:/ 5539:/ 5264:MR 5262:. 5254:. 5242:. 5096:. 5088:. 5061:, 5021:. 4984:. 4939:, 4707:: 4531:, 4225:A 4217:. 3865:A 3857:. 3079:. 2687:. 2668:. 2529::= 2267:th 2161::= 2103::= 1828:. 1817:. 1773:. 1714:, 1625:. 1594:. 1584:)J 1574:ƒ( 1490:. 1345:. 1300:0. 1006:, 1002:, 998:, 466:, 462:, 5715:) 5338:e 5331:t 5324:v 5307:. 5270:. 5250:: 5244:2 5054:q 5051:F 5005:H 4863:. 4855:2 4851:t 4841:2 4827:2 4823:c 4819:1 4806:2 4802:z 4792:2 4782:+ 4774:2 4770:y 4760:2 4750:+ 4742:2 4738:x 4728:2 4718:= 4705:R 4669:. 4661:2 4657:z 4647:2 4637:+ 4629:2 4625:y 4615:2 4605:+ 4597:2 4593:x 4583:2 4573:= 4552:Δ 4548:R 4501:. 4498:) 4495:1 4489:x 4486:4 4483:( 4478:1 4471:L 4467:= 4464:) 4461:x 4458:( 4455:f 4441:x 4433:x 4415:3 4406:x 4403:d 4399:d 4394:2 4391:+ 4383:2 4379:x 4375:d 4369:2 4365:d 4359:= 4356:L 4336:1 4330:x 4327:4 4324:= 4321:) 4318:f 4315:( 4312:L 4292:1 4286:x 4283:4 4280:= 4277:f 4274:3 4264:f 4260:2 4257:+ 4250:f 4239:x 4237:( 4235:f 4168:R 4147:f 4140:f 4117:. 4112:1 4108:a 4104:+ 4098:+ 4093:2 4087:d 4083:x 4077:1 4071:d 4067:a 4063:) 4060:1 4054:d 4051:( 4048:+ 4043:1 4037:d 4033:x 4027:d 4023:a 4019:d 4016:= 4008:) 4002:0 3998:a 3994:+ 3991:x 3986:1 3982:a 3978:+ 3972:+ 3967:1 3961:d 3957:x 3951:1 3945:d 3941:a 3937:+ 3932:d 3928:x 3922:d 3918:a 3913:( 3898:R 3825:. 3819:x 3816:) 3813:1 3807:q 3804:( 3799:) 3796:x 3793:( 3790:f 3784:) 3781:x 3778:q 3775:( 3772:f 3764:1 3758:q 3750:= 3744:x 3738:x 3735:q 3730:) 3727:x 3724:( 3721:f 3715:) 3712:x 3709:q 3706:( 3703:f 3695:1 3689:q 3681:= 3675:x 3669:z 3664:) 3661:x 3658:( 3655:f 3649:) 3646:z 3643:( 3640:f 3632:x 3626:z 3601:x 3598:q 3595:= 3592:z 3569:. 3563:x 3554:+ 3551:x 3548:q 3543:) 3540:x 3537:( 3534:f 3528:) 3522:+ 3519:x 3516:q 3513:( 3510:f 3483:. 3474:) 3471:x 3468:( 3465:f 3459:) 3453:+ 3450:x 3447:( 3444:f 3438:= 3432:x 3429:) 3426:1 3420:q 3417:( 3412:) 3409:x 3406:( 3403:f 3397:) 3394:x 3391:q 3388:( 3385:f 3362:x 3359:) 3356:1 3350:q 3347:( 3344:= 3315:) 3312:x 3309:( 3306:f 3300:) 3297:1 3294:+ 3291:x 3288:( 3285:f 3282:= 3279:) 3276:x 3273:( 3270:f 3246:q 3230:q 3214:q 3208:q 3203:x 3199:f 3195:x 3181:. 3175:x 3172:) 3169:1 3163:q 3160:( 3155:) 3152:x 3149:( 3146:f 3140:) 3137:x 3134:q 3131:( 3128:f 3122:= 3119:) 3116:x 3113:( 3110:f 3105:q 3101:D 3066:H 3059:b 3056:, 3053:a 3033:b 3030:q 3027:+ 3024:a 3021:= 3018:) 3015:q 3012:( 3009:f 2988:H 2981:U 2960:H 2952:H 2948:: 2945:f 2922:. 2918:] 2912:1 2905:h 2900:) 2896:) 2893:a 2890:( 2887:f 2881:) 2878:h 2875:+ 2872:a 2869:( 2866:f 2862:( 2857:[ 2851:0 2845:h 2813:] 2808:) 2804:) 2801:a 2798:( 2795:f 2789:) 2786:h 2783:+ 2780:a 2777:( 2774:f 2770:( 2764:1 2757:h 2752:[ 2746:0 2740:h 2711:H 2677:n 2673:n 2642:n 2638:n 2634:n 2598:) 2593:n 2588:R 2583:( 2576:| 2568:| 2563:C 2556:u 2532:v 2526:u 2517:D 2493:x 2490:d 2478:v 2471:n 2466:R 2453:| 2445:| 2440:) 2436:1 2430:( 2427:= 2424:x 2421:d 2405:D 2398:u 2391:n 2386:R 2331:R 2322:n 2317:R 2312:: 2309:v 2289:u 2235:n 2225:n 2221:x 2210:1 2200:1 2196:x 2181:| 2173:| 2149:D 2126:i 2116:n 2111:1 2099:| 2091:| 2070:) 2065:n 2057:, 2051:, 2046:1 2038:( 2035:= 2012:n 1987:) 1982:n 1977:R 1972:( 1961:c 1957:C 1917:R 1908:n 1903:R 1898:: 1895:u 1811:R 1708:R 1645:R 1641:R 1605:( 1603:R 1599:R 1587:x 1582:g 1580:( 1578:) 1576:x 1570:f 1568:° 1566:g 1564:( 1561:x 1556:f 1554:° 1552:g 1544:x 1539:x 1536:J 1527:n 1523:m 1515:R 1507:A 1503:R 1499:R 1478:t 1472:) 1469:x 1466:( 1459:f 1452:t 1442:A 1438:A 1424:, 1421:A 1418:= 1413:h 1409:) 1406:x 1403:( 1400:f 1394:) 1391:h 1388:+ 1385:x 1382:( 1379:f 1371:0 1365:h 1326:x 1297:= 1289:V 1281:h 1271:W 1263:h 1260:A 1254:) 1251:x 1248:( 1245:f 1239:) 1236:h 1233:+ 1230:x 1227:( 1224:f 1213:0 1204:h 1176:W 1170:V 1167:: 1164:A 1141:U 1135:x 1111:V 1091:U 1071:W 1065:U 1062:: 1059:f 1039:W 1036:, 1033:V 971:e 964:t 957:v 535:) 470:) 406:) 214:) 126:) 123:a 120:( 117:f 111:) 108:b 105:( 102:f 99:= 96:t 93:d 89:) 86:t 83:( 76:f 70:b 65:a 34:. 20:)

Index

Generalized derivative
derivative (disambiguation)
Calculus
Fundamental theorem
Limits
Continuity
Rolle's theorem
Mean value theorem
Inverse function theorem
Differential
Derivative
generalizations
Differential
infinitesimal
of a function
total
Differentiation notation
Second derivative
Implicit differentiation
Logarithmic differentiation
Related rates
Taylor's theorem
Rules and identities
Sum
Product
Chain
Power
Quotient
L'Hôpital's rule
Inverse

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.