Anti-gender movement

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affected and undermines social cohesion in general." The Commissioner said that "by permeating the political scene, the anti-gender movements are increasingly well-placed to erode the protection of human rights in Europe" and concluded that "by standing up for LGBTI people, we defend the equal human dignity of all, protect our societies' wellbeing and the strength of our precious human rights system."

2056:. According to Kuhar and Paternotte, "anti-gender campaigns are the direct consequence of the right-wing populist wave, but the shift towards the Right reinforces these campaigns and provides them with new supporters who took over a concept of 'gender ideology' which shares some ideological structures with right-wing populist ideology". In line with their populist framing, 2566:". There, the AfD states that "gender ideology, early sexualisation, governmental funding of gender studies, quota systems and the deprivation of the German language with gender-conforming words have to be terminated". The AfD has organized anti-gender rallies in cities such as Munich in 2023, emphasizing the perceived threat of "gender propaganda" towards children. 2609:, writing in 2017, there was "no significant anti-gender movement" in the country, but "a palpable anti-gender discourse", especially in the later 2010s, which to date had only sporadically intersected with the national public debate. They write that the Hungarian anti-gender discourse emerged in 2008, when a textbook was published that was criticized by a 1715:

from around 2016. Claire Thurlow noted that "despite efforts to obscure the point, gender critical feminism continues to rely on transphobic tropes, moral panics and essentialist understandings of men and women. These factors also continue to link trans-exclusionary feminism to anti-feminist reactionary politics and other 'anti-gender' movements."

2562:), displays its alignment with the anti-gender movement in its "Key Points for Germany" brochure. In the brochure, the AfD positions itself against post-secondary gender studies programs, "gender-mainstreaming", and the discussion of sexuality at early ages in school. The AfD further illustrates its anti-gender position in its 2017 " 2857:. At least 63 counter-protests were planned or carried out in response to the march. On 19 September 2023, an educational union in Ontario had three offices vandalized with anti-LGBTQ messages. In response to the march, various school boards in Ontario expressed their support for LGBTQ schoolchildren, staff, and families. In 2614:

national curriculum stating that early childhood educators should "deliberately avoid any strengthening of gender stereotypes and facilitate the dismantling of the prejudices concerning the social equality of genders". Right-wing media gave the change much coverage; it was alleged to promote "gender ideology".

2640:

and traditionalist values surrounding family, tieing such issues to the protection of the Italian state and religious apparati. At a 2019 rally, Meloni proclaimed: "I am Giorgia, I am a woman, I am a mother, I am Italian, I am Christian." Meloni employs her position as a mother situate herself as the

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and Paweł Żuk wrote that: "The right in Poland perceives both feminist and homosexual circles as a threat to the national identity associated with the Catholic religion and as a threat to the traditional family model and social order." Anti-LGBT rhetoric from the Polish right increased following the

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as anti-rights movements that have taken attempts to "frame equality for women and LGBTIQ+ people as a threat to so-called 'traditional' family values to new extremes" and that "use hateful propaganda and disinformation to target and attempt to delegitimize people with diverse sexual orientations,

1714:

and the so-called anti-gender movement are only rarely distinguished as movements with distinct constitutions and aims." Pearce et al. posits that the concept of "gender ideology" long employed by the anti-gender movement "saw increasing circulation in trans-exclusionary radical feminist discourse"

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said the anti-gender movement are "instrumentalising existing societal prejudices and verbally attacking LGBTI people to achieve political objectives for their own benefit" and said the targeting of "LGBTI people for political gain is a costly strategy which harms the lives and well-being of those

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as the "symbolic glue" of the anti-gender movement, which unites different political and religious actors who would otherwise not cooperate with each other. They view the "gender ideology" that these actors mobilize against as a metaphor for the insecurity and unfairness produced by the neoliberal

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In 2023, the "1 Million March 4 Children" was a series of anti-LGBTQ protests carried out in various cities throughout Canada. Protesters advocated removing "pronouns, gender ideology and mixed bathrooms" in the educational environment. Protesters claimed children were exposed to "inappropriate"

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did not correlate with religiosity; it was strongly associated with the belief that the Catholic Church should occupy a privileged position in society and rejection of LGBT people as neighbors. Marta Rawłuszko suggests that Polish people may be prone to finding conspiracies because of the actual

1667:. Although the ideas of the anti-gender movement were developed by 2003, protests related to the movement first emerged in some European countries around 2012–2013. Although it is still promoted by Catholic actors, the anti-gender movement spread more generally throughout the right-wing by 2019. 2027:

the Holy See's perspective deeply depends on a stable and predictably correlated relationship between biological sex, gender identity, and heterosexual orientation, which is expressed in the Catholic Church's terms as the one and only natural unity of mind, body, and soul. Because this unity is

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counterclaim to emancipatory conceptions of gender, sex, and sexuality". She adds that the anti-gender movement combines "gender ideology" rhetoric with attempts to exploit the existing divisions within LGBT and feminist movements. The movement accuses various actors of being bearers of "gender

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MP. The politician said that the textbook contained "gender ideology" and that "the greatest danger of this trend is that society will lose its sexual identity". In politics, the anti-gender discourse first attained prominence in 2010, when the left-wing government inserted a sentence into the

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An EU-funded research project into the anti-gender movement titled RESIST examined anti-gender rhetoric in parliamentary debates and media coverage in Hungary, Poland and the United Kingdom, and found that key actors in promoting and perpetuating anti-gender politics are primarily "men in the

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after being attacked at an airport in São Paulo by "anti-gender" protesters in 2017. Butler uses the phrase "anti-gender ideology movement" to describe the transnational phenomenon of far-right actors turning "gender ideology" into a "psychosocial fantasy" that plays into anxieties and fears

2214:

Pető argues that "The anti-gender movement is not merely another offshoot of centuries-old anti-feminism... The anti-gender movement is a fundamentally new phenomenon that was launched to establish a new world order." She also argues that the movement "is saturated with hatred"—citing online

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However, Paternotte argues that picturing the anti-gender movement as a "backlash" is "conceptually flawed, empirically weak and politically problematic", because comparative research has shown that in different countries, the anti-gender activism is "sparked by extremely different issues".

1691:. Researcher Mary Anne Case therefore argues that "Trans rights claims were, together with feminist claims, thus a foundational component, not a recent addition, to the Vatican's sphere of concern around 'gender' and to the focusing of that concern on developments in secular law." 2097:

conservative and radical/extreme right in Europe," and that media played a roled in "deliberately stoking up a damaging moral panic targeting transgender identities" that makes transgender people the subject of “relentless ‘debate’ about the legitimacy of their rights and lives”.

2332:

Before the emergence of the anti-gender movement, activists and scholars believed that Europe was on an inexorable course towards complete gender equality and full LGBT rights, serious opposition to which was deemed a holdover from the past or else a phenomenon confined to

2019:, and said it was one of the "Herods that destroy, that plot designs of death, that disfigure the face of man and woman, destroying creation". In 2019, the Catholic Church released the first major document dealing specifically with "gender ideology", which states that 2230:

released an assessment, finding that "the ecosystem of violent rhetoric within the anti-gender movement, compounded with other extreme worldviews, can lead to serious violence." In June 2023, an associate professor and two students were stabbed while attending a

2418:, better known as the Istanbul Convention. While lauded by women's rights associations, this move caused intense criticism from the Croatian Bishop's Conference, the Catholic Church, and various conservative and right-wing figures and associations such as 2415: 2437:) was founded with the aim of "explaining to Croatian citizens the true purpose" of the convention, which was supposedly about "gender ideology" and an "attack on Croatian, Catholic, and family values". The initative organized protests and rallies in 2239:. In 2023, Elżbieta Korolczuk argued that "while the activities of the anti-gender movement are generally non-violent, its discursive strategies and campaigns should be further analysed as possible conveyor belt to engagement in violent extremism". 2445:, attended by around 15 thousand people. The iniative aimed to organize a referendum for citizens to decide whether the convention should be ratified, but failed to collect enough signatures required to hold a referendum. Croatian LGBT association 1384:

is an international movement that opposes what it refers to as "gender ideology", "gender theory", or "genderism", terms which cover a variety of issues, and do not have a coherent definition. Members of the anti-gender movement are largely on the

2519:

and pivoted to opposing equality curricula after same-sex marriage was legalized in May 2013. The anti-gender movement in France has spread false rumors and hoaxes, such as the claim that masturbation is being taught in French kindergartens.

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argues that the anti-gender movement relies on what she calls "troll science", that she describes as "(distorted) scientific arguments moulded into populist discourse, creating an alternative narrative on the conceptions of gender equality".

9318: 2749:, which had been confined to academic discourse, became popularized as part of an anti-gender campaign by the right-wing and the Catholic Church. The campaign against "gender ideology" was promoted by the national-conservative 2452:

In April 2018, the Croatian parliament voted in favor of ratifying the Istanbul Convention. Signing the convention has been a major factor in the rise of political parties on the further right-wing in Croatia in 2020s, such as

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Sauer, Birgit (2019). "Cultural war 2.0? The relevance of gender in the radical populist-nationalist right". In Atzmüller, Roland; Aulenbacher, Brigitte; Brand, Ulrich; Décieux, Fabienne; Fischer, Karin; Sauer, Birgit (eds.).

2941:, evangelical Christian groups and right-wing politicians who opposed the peace agreement argued that protections for LGBT people in the treaty were "an instrument to impose gender ideology". This helped motivate much of the 2146:

is a punishment for gender theory". An Ipsos survey in October 2019 found that a plurality of Polish men under 40 believe that "the LGBT movement and gender ideology" is the "biggest threat facing them in the 21st century".

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exclaimed that the German state "grabs for the children to sexualize and reeducate them", playing into the notion of a loss of "parental rights" in educating their own children that the AfD has also used more recently.

6031: 2422:, for being a convention that supposedly fights violence against women while "secretly introducing gender ideology" to Croatian legislature. This was explained by the critics due to the convention text using the terms 1574:, within which significant controversies and disagreements exist. Anti-gender proponents are often unaware of these debates and disagreements. Elizabeth Corredor writes: "gender ideology serves as both a political and 2430:

in certain sentences, although there had been multiple Croatian laws dating back to at least 2008 already using these terms. Later that year, a citizens' initative called "The Truth about the Istanbul Convention"

4449: 5680:"Understanding populist far-right anti-immigration and anti-gender stances beyond the paradigm of gender as 'a symbolic glue': Giorgia Meloni's modern motherhood, neo-Catholicism, and reproductive racism" 2711:"happened in a context" and that "the anti-gender movement has also shifted boundaries in the public debate in Norway in recent years," resulting in "a harsher climate of debate where primarily organized 1655:: "the Gender Agenda sails into communities not as a tall ship, but as a submarine, determined to reveal as little of itself as possible". In Catholic thought, the concept of gender ideology emerged from 5576: 469: 6504:

Donà, Alessia (2020). "The populist Italian Lega from ethno-regionalism to radical right-wing nationalism: backsliding gender-equality policies with a little help from the anti-gender movement".

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In 2023, the Iraqi government issued an order officially prohibiting media from using the word "gender". It also mandated that the word "homosexuality" be avoided, in favor of "sexual deviance".

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argues that the term "gender ideology" "functions as a broad projection area for racism, anti-Semitism, homophobia and transphobia, ethnicnationalist ideas as well as hostility towards elites."

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that "use hateful propaganda and disinformation to target and attempt to delegitimize people with diverse sexual orientations, gender identities, gender expressions, and sex characteristics."

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The emergence and success of anti-gender movements is considered by political scientist Eszter Kováts to be a symptom of a deeper underlying socioeconomic, political, and cultural crisis of

3861: 7050:Żuk, Piotr; Żuk, Paweł (2019). "'Murderers of the unborn' and 'sexual degenerates': analysis of the 'anti-gender' discourse of the Catholic Church and the nationalist right in Poland". 957: 1551:

does not have a coherent definition and covers a variety of issues; for this reason, it has been described by academics Stefanie Mayer and Birgit Sauer as an "empty signifier" and by

5348: 2316:, with campaigns in different countries borrowing strategies and rhetoric from other countries. However, in individual countries the anti-gender movement overlaps with appeals to 6731:

Kováts, Eszter (2016). "The Emergence of Powerful Anti-Gender Movements in Europe and the Crisis of Liberal Democracy". In Köttig, Michaela; Bitzan, Renate; Petö, Andrea (eds.).

2861:, two protesters were arrested for "inciting hatred" by "displaying hateful material". Another person was arrested for disturbance. The protests were condemned by Ottawa mayor 5583:

Patterns of interpretation of gender relations in "anti-genderist" discourse using the example of protests ("Demo für Alle") against the 2015 Baden-Württemberg education plan.

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Kováts, Eszter (2017), Köttig, Michaela; Bitzan, Renate; Petö, Andrea (eds.), "The Emergence of Powerful Anti-Gender Movements in Europe and the Crisis of Liberal Democracy",

974: 9361: 5166: 4783: 1211: 2774:, during which anti-migrant rhetoric was prominent. With anti-gender rhetoric, the LGBT community served as the scapegoat or demonized enemy required by populist politics. 9366: 5578:

Deutungsmuster des Geschlechterverhältnisses im "anti-genderistischen" Diskurs am Beispiel der Proteste ("Demo für Alle") gegen den Bildungsplan von Baden-Württemberg 2015

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party which ruled Poland between 2015 and 2023, by the Catholic Church's hierarchy, and more radically nationalist groups with which Law and Justice had a fluid boundary:

2473:. The members of these two parties often criticize and attack the "gender ideology", transgender individuals, LGBT rights, and the Istanbul Convention, in their speeches. 4898: 5404: 4440: 1719:

said that "the anti-gender ideology movement should be considered a neo-fascist phenomenon" and cautioned those on the left against joining forces with the movement.

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It is disputed the extent to which the anti-gender movement is a reaction to events and other movements, or a proactive movement attempting to create social change.

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has characterized "gender ideologists" as a force that is opposed to conservative Christianity. He has also said that he wants to ban "gender ideology in schools".

2978:. The government has supported anti-LGBT marches with the name of "The Great Family Meeting" by airing public statements on national TV. The state also suppresses 2569:

The anti-gender movement has proven key to the rapid rise of the AfD, with the party projecting the protection of the "traditional family" as key to its platform.

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The conservative government of Turkey has recently ramped up anti-LGBT rhetoric. The opposition to gender and sexuality related progressive movements comes from

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in higher education. According to Kováts, not all the movements fitting under the "anti-gender" label (by opposing "gender" or "gender ideology") are overtly

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against the devolution of power from democratically elected national governments to unelected equality bodies and international organizations, such as the

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This article is about the movement often associated with conservative or religious views. For the anti-trans movement with roots in radical feminism, see

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Mayer, Stefanie; Sauer, Birgit (2017). "'Gender ideology' in Austria: Coalitions around an empty signifier". In Kuhar, Roman; Paternotte, David (eds.).

9481: 7623: 5086: 4974: 3635: 1164: 544: 5854: 2602: 2577: 9035: 6750:

Kováts, Eszter; Pető, Andrea (2017). "Anti-gender discourse in Hungary: A discourse without a movement?". In Kuhar, Roman; Paternotte, David (eds.).

3317:"Opposition to gender equality around the world is connected, well funded and spreading. Here's what you need to know about the anti-gender movement" 732: 6190: 5548: 5218: 2529: 1835: 6266: 2641:"harbinger of a conservative, yet modern, nation" while playing up the need to shelter the "natural family" from the threat of "gender ideology." 2532:

mobilized against the concept of "gender madness", which was characterized as a "weapon" against "the German people" in a 2013 call by neo-Nazis.

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and can be dated to the late 20th century, but the protests that brought the movement to attention did not start until around 2012–2013. Besides

8661: 6477: 6163: 6562: 3974: 1206: 6344: 4218: 2766: 8747: 3072: 2878: 1355: 6969:

Rawłuszko, Marta (2019). "And If the Opponents of Gender Ideology Are Right? Gender Politics, Europeanization, and the Democratic Deficit".

5296: 2785:, "defined as a secret plan to destroy Christian tradition partly by taking control over public media". The survey found that belief in the 2207:(SIM), states that the anti-gender movement has challenged human rights, such as protection from violence against women, and contributed to 9376: 8391: 5979: 2825:. The term invokes the idea that Western European civilization is facing decadence and decay, symbolized in the dissolution of traditional 2551:

debated "political gender reassignment". Right-wing extremists used this as a prelude to a targeted campaign against gender mainstreaming.

774: 521: 2636:(Brothers of Italy), has placed gender front and centre in its politics. Meloni has frequently emphasized the importance of upholding the 9391: 9261: 9105: 8620: 7034: 5100: 3663: 3622: 3316: 2884: 1827: 694: 644: 534: 6138: 5529: 2223:

trend and cautioned self-declared feminists against allying with such movements in targeting trans, non-binary, and genderqueer people.

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have been given space to set the agenda for the 'debate on gender' and the alleged threat of 'gender ideology' to the natural order."

8493: 4669: 3969: 2938: 1196: 1108: 414: 407: 6419: 3554:

Zottola, Angela; Borba, Rodrigo (2022). ""Gender ideology" and the discursive infrastructure of a transnational conspiracy theory".

2729: 1776: 935: 9526: 9303: 9080: 3708: 3017: 1201: 1098: 1011: 873: 607: 516: 6929:"Feminist Stories from an Illiberal State: Revoking the License to Teach Gender Studies in Hungary at a University in Exile (CEU)" 6005: 4341: 3685:

Fetner, Tina (August 2001). "Working Anita Bryant: The Impact of Christian Anti-Gay Activism on Lesbian and Gay Movement Claims".

2821:

as an "ideological construction" created by the Western Europe, playing into the complex meanings of the Russian derogatory term,

2563: 9148: 9126: 8468: 5499: 3052: 1115: 539: 1368: 1152: 9456: 8819: 8707: 8590: 6593: 2665: 2397: 2373: 2350: 2248: 2227: 2215:

harassment against gender researchers—and argues that it "attacks liberalism and therefore democracy". In 2021 the philosopher

1984: 1434: 799: 742: 617: 503: 6803:

Gender as Symbolic Glue. The Position and Role of Conservative and Far Right Parties in the Anti-gender Mobilisation in Europe

9251: 9215: 7261: 7242: 7222: 7203: 7154: 7131: 7102: 6951: 6917: 6850: 6831: 6759: 6740: 6494: 5837: 4918: 4719: 4041: 3572: 6082: 2108:, which demand changes. Because these policies are not approved by voters or their elected representatives, they generate a 9491: 9351: 8835: 6769:

Kováts, Eszter (2018). "Questioning Consensuses: Right-Wing Populism, Anti-Populism, and the Threat of 'Gender Ideology'".

5652: 3172: 2697: 1830:(ECR) parliamentary groups. However, there are also members of the European Parliament representing these views within the 1468:

as a "great name for all that conservative Catholics despise". The idea of gender ideology has been described by some as a

888: 684: 5114: 2985:

One of the primary sources of anti-gender action is religious congregations in Turkey. All major parties of the governing

2704:, as key anti-gender actors in Norway. According to Engebretsen these groups are part of a "complex threat to democracy". 2272:

organised a public hearing on "Countering the anti-gender movement", highlighting the anti-gender movement as a threat to

9386: 9075: 8786: 8772: 8541: 7665: 6710: 2712: 1822:

contributed to a surge of the anti-gender movement. Most of these MEPs belong to the right-wing populist and nationalist

1410: 639: 5470: 9050: 9040: 8916: 8855: 8367: 8207: 7171:

Krampl, Ulrike; von Tippelskirch, Xenia (2017). "Anti-Gender-Bewegungen in Europa. Erste kritische Bestandsaufnahmen".

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against the introduction of a "Gender Perspective curriculum" in public schools that was created under former Governor

2392:

as a new mandatory school subject in Croatian schools. The program of the school subject was heavily criticized by the

2385: 2346: 1936:, rather than a translation into the local language. Proponents present themselves as the defenders of the freedoms of 1909: 1787:

scholars and anti-gender proponents, because for the former, gender is a scientific concept that can be researched and

1688: 1186: 858: 727: 722: 486: 8604: 6708:

Harsin, Jayson (2018). "Post-Truth Populism: The French Anti-Gender Theory Movement and Cross-Cultural Similarities".

2112:. She notes that "gender equality policies have been implemented without engaging a wider audience or public debate". 1641:"was understood by the Holy See as a strategic means to attack and destabilize the natural family". In 1997, American 9471: 8968: 8926: 8326: 6928: 3832: 2803: 2676:, which shares a positive stance on LGBT-related policies, led to the formation of anti-gender movements such as the 1348: 1083: 1053: 913: 8904: 8872: 8850: 8551: 8152: 7385: 6869: 6394: 4600: 4244: 3841: 2192: 1159: 1147: 1130: 1001: 759: 371: 6862:"In search of an imaginary enemy: Catholic collective narcissism and the endorsement of gender conspiracy beliefs" 9298: 9276: 9230: 9203: 9045: 8562: 8536: 7660: 7559: 7367: 7319: 7193: 6907: 5270: 3820: 3000: 2393: 2183:

in 2018, sociologist Weronika Grzebalska and political scientists Eszter Kováts and Andrea Pető analyze the term

1616: 1068: 1061: 942: 930: 925: 764: 114: 17: 6861: 6560:

Corredor, Elizabeth S. (2019). "Unpacking 'Gender Ideology' and the Global Right's Antigender Countermovement".

6319: 2296: 1885:, as not all far-right movements espouse anti-gender views, and anti-gender themes extend beyond the far-right. 556: 9271: 9030: 8935: 8531: 8420: 7685: 7616: 7297: 2546: 1181: 1125: 969: 804: 689: 430: 2656:, Lega Nord placed members of Catholic organizations on its electoral lists, sealing an anti-gender alliance. 2163:. Similarly, political scientist Birgit Sauer refers to these movements as, among other things, a reaction to 1543:

In non-English speaking countries, many anti-gender activists avoid using vernacular translations of the word

9461: 9070: 8973: 8899: 8715: 8546: 8416: 8396: 7495: 6215: 5797: 4642: 4144: 3185: 2986: 2681: 2653: 2627: 2255: 1971:) for the purpose of weakening, undermining, or destroying families, the Catholic Church, the nation, and/or 1286: 1171: 1033: 986: 382: 104: 67: 6108: 5349:"Domovinski pokret obećava poništavanje Istanbulske konvencije: 'To je zloćudna tvorba u hrvatskom društvu'" 5192: 4850: 979: 9521: 9511: 9506: 9476: 9466: 9338: 9308: 9134: 9055: 8732: 8381: 8266: 7490: 6771: 5862: 4784:"Gender as symbolic glue. How 'gender' became an umbrella term for the rejection of the (neo)liberal order" 2771: 2033: 1341: 1176: 952: 947: 769: 352: 6591:

Dahl, Ulrika; kennedy-macfoy, madeleine (2020). "(Anti) Gender Studies and Populist movements in Europe".

1877:

or anti-LGBT, and the anti-gender movement is a novel phenomenon distinct from previous anti-feminism and

9486: 9085: 8921: 8799: 8630: 7633: 7601: 7566: 4876: 3983: 3429: 2791: 2516: 2462: 1913: 1831: 1580: 1216: 1103: 964: 709: 511: 423: 7094: 3168:"What is hiding behind the rainbow plot? The gender ideology and LGBTQ+ lobby conspiracies (GILC) scale" 2894: 9225: 8498: 8386: 8066: 7655: 7282: 6860:

Marchlewska, Marta; Cichocka, Aleksandra; Łozowski, Filip; Górska, Paulina; Winiewski, Mikołaj (2019).

6820:"Post-Socialist Conditions and the Orbán Government's Gender Politics between 2010 and 2019 in Hungary" 6810: 6191:"Hundreds of protesters and counter-protesters rally in Kitchener, Guelph over LGBTQ rights in schools" 6032:"Police close George Street for 1 Million March 4 Children protest and counter-protest in Peterborough" 5073: 3773: 3037: 2758: 2734: 2677: 2137: 1925: 1532: 1276: 1028: 996: 991: 793: 747: 679: 529: 493: 377: 242: 7143:

Anti-Genderismus: Sexualität und Geschlecht als Schauplätze aktueller politischer Auseinandersetzungen

3756:

Ibrahim, Nur Amali (October 2016). "Homophobic Muslims: Emerging Trends in Multireligious Singapore".

2902: 1900:

The anti-gender movement often uses the term "gender ideology". Anti-gender activists may portray the

9501: 8911: 8840: 8580: 8478: 8377: 7611: 2673: 2470: 2416:

Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence

2411: 2369: 2308:

The anti-gender movement emerged in Europe in the early 2010s and, as of 2019, was making headway in

1964: 1862: 1632: 1402: 1021: 752: 457: 48: 9208: 9060: 8697: 8677: 8463: 7781: 6938:. Societies and Political Orders in Transition. Springer International Publishing. pp. 35–44. 6216:"Ontario school union tells premier to speak out after offices vandalized with anti-LGBTQ messages" 4575: 3077: 2842: 2693: 2573: 2433: 2076: 2007:, "the invention of 'gender ideology' is closely connected to debates within the Catholic Church". 1811: 1705: 1450: 612: 584: 400: 31: 6240: 5167:"Žao nam je svih koji luduju oko Istanbulske, ali rodni identitet u našem je zakonu već 10 godina" 4524:"Right-wing populism in New Turkey: Leading to all new grounds for troll science in gender theory" 1547:

in favor of the English word to promote the idea that gender is a foreign concept. The concept of

8411: 7771: 7352: 7252:

Towns, Ann (2020). "Gender, Nation and the Generation of Cultural Difference across 'The West'".

7090:

Anti-Gender Movements on the Rise? Strategising for Gender Equality in Central and Eastern Europe

4222: 3704: 3350: 2555: 1846: 1603:

Some scholars studying the anti-gender movement date its origins to 1990s discussions within the

1504: 1413:(TERF) discourse since 2016. Different members of the anti-gender movement variously oppose some 329: 139: 7088: 2376:

ruling that only biological sex can be listed on government documents and could not be changed.

1791:, whereas anti-gender proponents derive their arguments from transcendent truths handed down by 1464:

has been described by academics Stefanie Mayer and Birgit Sauer as an "empty signifier", and by

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to oppose the agreement, which was ultimately rejected by voters, 50.22% (No) to 49.78% (Yes).

2372:

called for a national referendum on "Gender Ideology". Later in the month, the party praised a

2338: 2236: 2133: 2012: 1850: 1823: 1819: 1736: 1684: 1485: 737: 634: 338: 6624:"L'école à l'épreuve de la 'théorie du genre' : les effets d'une polémique: Introduction" 3617: 8930: 8867: 8809: 8794: 8727: 8473: 8231: 8227: 7929: 7670: 7628: 7532: 7000:"Beyond gender equality? Anti-gender campaigns and the erosion of human rights and democracy" 6446:"LGBTİ+ dernekleri, seçim kampanyasındaki nefret dilinden şikayetçi: 'Biz kime güveneceğiz?'" 5679: 4183: 2778: 2762: 1858: 1454: 1372:"Gender is death — it kills identity, soul and body": picketing against "gender ideology" in 1261: 656: 446: 6801: 2481: 2400:

for introducing what they called "gender ideology" and "homosexualism" to Croatian schools.

2360:

passed a resolution against the "backlash in women's rights and gender equality in the EU".

9531: 9496: 8692: 8640: 8341: 8212: 8011: 7909: 7554: 7278: 2536: 2454: 2321: 2101: 1972: 1783:. According to Łukasz Wawrowski, it is not possible to have a scientific discourse between 1660: 1426: 1398: 1394: 1331: 629: 569: 146: 5943: 2449:

sued the initiative for discriminating against transgender people in their communication.

8: 9191: 8804: 8301: 7816: 7522: 7312: 6241:"Arrests, heated exchanges mark rallies for and against teaching LGBTQ rights in schools" 4978: 3057: 3032: 3022: 2989:, and some prominent people from opposition parties also engage in anti-gender rhetoric. 2923: 2404: 2357: 2342: 2266: 2045: 1894: 1842: 1799: 1728: 1624: 1481: 1418: 1409:

and towards right-wing populism. Anti-gender rhetoric has seen increasing circulation in

1386: 1241: 1140: 878: 649: 109: 7288: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3523: 2341:. The anti-gender movement proved this perception to be incorrect. Since the 1990s, the 43: 9291: 9176: 9090: 9018: 8993: 8978: 8958: 8877: 8217: 8099: 8036: 7796: 7786: 7517: 7415: 7067: 7037:[Does it make sense to debate the opponents of the so-called gender ideology?] 7021: 6986: 6957: 6894: 6788: 6669: 6610: 6579: 6521: 6362: 6109:"Hundreds show up at rallies for and against teaching gender diversity in B.C. schools" 4851:"Judith Butler says the 'anti-gender ideology movement' is a dangerous 'fascist trend'" 4765: 4557: 4200: 4163: 4003: 3801: 3793: 3738: 3655: 3379: 3215: 3124: 3027: 3012: 3007: 2708: 2567: 2511: 2494: 2349:

conditional on local gender equality policies, which led to rapid changes after Poland

2208: 2109: 1941: 1882: 1664: 1390: 1307: 1281: 162: 7113: 6164:"Cross-country rallies against 'gender ideology' in schools met with counter-protests" 6057:"Cross-country rallies against 'gender ideology' in schools met with counter-protests" 4736:"Anti-feministische Mobilisierung in Europa. Kampf um eine neue politische Hegemonie?" 2258: 1675:

Alternately, the anti-gender movement has been dated to the early 1980s when Cardinal

9381: 9181: 9161: 8983: 8894: 8882: 8721: 8655: 8645: 8321: 8311: 8306: 8177: 7924: 7257: 7238: 7218: 7199: 7150: 7127: 7098: 7071: 7025: 6990: 6961: 6947: 6913: 6886: 6846: 6827: 6792: 6755: 6736: 6673: 6614: 6583: 6525: 6517: 6490: 5833: 5814:"Scientizing Gender? An Examination of Anti-Gender Campaigns on Social Media, Norway" 5709: 4960: 4957:"Pride vs. indignity: political manipulation of homophobia and transphobia in Europe" 4914: 4769: 4757: 4715: 4677: 4561: 4404: 4204: 4167: 4037: 4026:

Abdou, Leila Hadj (14 August 2021). "Religion and Gender". In Haynes, Jeffrey (ed.).

4007: 3995: 3853: 3845: 3805: 3785: 3742: 3730: 3647: 3520: 3383: 3219: 3207: 3199: 3135: 3042: 2649: 2632: 2581: 2419: 2196: 2176: 2156: 2143: 2142:, the conspiracy theory contributed to a debate in Poland in 2020 about "whether the 2129: 1988: 1937: 1854: 1680: 1595:

There are various theories about when and where the anti-gender movement originated.

1496: 1473: 1438: 1406: 847: 841: 302: 167: 133: 6898: 2011:

has stated that "gender ideology" would undermine the Catholic Church's position on

9198: 9166: 9156: 8359: 8286: 8192: 7863: 7828: 7821: 7606: 7427: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7180: 7119: 7059: 7011: 6978: 6939: 6878: 6780: 6719: 6694: 6661: 6635: 6602: 6571: 6546: 6513: 6445: 5825: 5817: 5699: 5691: 5405:""Masturbation", "théorie du genre" à l'école... Décryptage de cinq folles rumeurs" 4906: 4747: 4707: 4547: 4537: 4519: 4192: 4153: 3987: 3777: 3720: 3712: 3639: 3369: 3359: 3189: 2754: 2313: 2089: 2004: 1759: 1676: 1635:, delegitimization of motherhood, and the normalization of homosexuality. The term 699: 345: 7165:

Transnational Anti-Gender Politics: Feminist Solidarity in Times of Global Attacks

7063: 6882: 5375:"Grmoja: 'Kad postanem premijer, znat će se da postoje dva roda - muški i ženski'" 3166:

Salvati, M.; Pellegrini, V.; De Cristofaro, V.; Giacomantonio, M. (January 2024).

1699: 1587:, gender policy officers of public administrations, and gender studies scholars". 9516: 9346: 9171: 9100: 8950: 8635: 8488: 8271: 8222: 8140: 8090: 7877: 7858: 7853: 7806: 7586: 7463: 6649: 6139:"Counter-rallies set amid Canada-wide protests against gender identity education" 4877:"CSIS warns that the 'anti-gender movement' poses a threat of 'extreme violence'" 4711: 4027: 3687: 3430:"CSIS warns that the 'anti-gender movement' poses a threat of 'extreme violence'" 3181: 3102: 2967: 2898: 2854: 2750: 2724: 2589: 2506: 2273: 2072: 2053: 2016: 1952: 1945: 1747: 1604: 1552: 1500: 1465: 1446: 1422: 1221: 895: 863: 853: 390: 172: 126: 7850: 7327: 7235:

Capitalism in Transformation: Movements and Countermovements in the 21st Century

7184: 6943: 6483:. In Kovala, Urpo; Palonen, Emilia; Ruotsalainen, Maria; Saresma, Tuija (eds.). 5829: 5473:['Gender' and 'Gender madness' – latest bogeyman of the extreme right]. 5297:"Velikom većinom izglasana Istanbulska konvencija. Dalić tijesno dobila podršku" 5245:"'Istina o Istanbulskoj' prikupila 371.821 potpis, nedostaje im nekoliko tisuća" 2906: 9434: 8988: 8963: 8672: 8526: 8483: 8291: 7811: 7761: 7743: 7537: 7410: 7390: 7305: 6294:"Three arrests made at 'Million March for Children' protest on Parliament Hill" 6267:"Three arrests made at 'Million March for Children' protest on Parliament Hill" 5219:"Policijske brojke: "Na prosvjedu u Splitu približno je bilo oko 15.000 ljudi"" 4752: 4735: 3047: 2926: 2862: 2830: 2814: 2669: 2623: 2442: 2334: 2232: 2105: 1968: 1960: 1901: 1870: 1788: 1784: 1763: 1608: 1584: 1571: 1430: 1251: 819: 814: 361: 7123: 6982: 6652:(2014). "Report from the gender trenches: War against 'genderism' in Poland". 5813: 5695: 4196: 4181:

Thurlow, Claire (2022). "From TERF to gender critical: A telling genealogy?".

3781: 3573:"Disinformation campaigns about LGBTI+ people in the EU and foreign influence" 2606: 1524: 9450: 9323: 8742: 8615: 8455: 8443: 8401: 8331: 8296: 8187: 8145: 8117: 7904: 7801: 7791: 7776: 7738: 7710: 7596: 7468: 7442: 7432: 7147:

Anti-genderism: Sexuality and gender as arenas of current political conflicts

7016: 6999: 6784: 6665: 6606: 5713: 5087:"The Bulgarian Socialist Party wants to Hold a Referendum on Gender Ideology" 4910: 4821: 4761: 4681: 4158: 4139: 3999: 3849: 3789: 3769: 3734: 3716: 3700: 3651: 3364: 3345: 3203: 2975: 2826: 2799: 2637: 2309: 2280: 2216: 2172: 2160: 2020: 1917: 1874: 1866: 1767: 1716: 1642: 1620: 1531:

but instead "a fundamentally new phenomenon that was launched to establish a

1528: 900: 883: 868: 829: 622: 564: 157: 35: 8021: 6484: 3857: 2648:

party as well as the groups Pro Vita (associated with the neo-fascist party

2040:—it transcends political, historical, and social arrangements shaped by man. 1893:"Gender ideology" redirects here. For the sociological study of gender, see 201: 9422: 9313: 9281: 9220: 9065: 8737: 8256: 8197: 8130: 7998: 7944: 7766: 7700: 7695: 7680: 7648: 7576: 7437: 6890: 5793:"Politinės partijos "Nacionalinis susivienijimas" programa (in Lithuanian)" 5115:"GROZD: Predmet je besmislen; Jovanović: Ne želim trošiti vrijeme na njih!" 4542: 4523: 4140:"Introduction: TERFs, Gender-Critical Movements, and Postfascist Feminisms" 3643: 3211: 3165: 2979: 2795: 2701: 2493:

is not my gender / gender, that is not my kind of thing), demonstration of

2408: 2164: 2060:

are often used to secure the outcomes desired by the anti-gender movement.

2008: 1928:. To promote the idea that gender is a foreign concept imposed by a secret 1807: 1656: 1575: 1319: 835: 498: 440: 308: 191: 8026: 7690: 6640: 6623: 3279:"The transnational anti-gender movement in Europe | Gunda-Werner-Institut" 276: 9356: 9328: 8845: 8575: 8570: 8316: 8112: 8031: 7961: 7956: 7939: 7894: 7675: 7643: 7638: 7571: 7510: 7340: 7336: 7292: 6723: 4552: 3062: 2901:. Marchers said they opposed "Gender Ideology". Speakers included Bishop 2890: 2317: 2125: 2057: 2049: 2037: 2029: 2000: 1777: 1570:, used interchangeably, are not equivalent to the academic discipline of 1469: 1414: 704: 602: 316: 297: 271: 227: 208: 75: 5704: 4441:"Pope Francis compares arguments for transgender rights to nuclear arms" 3797: 3659: 2652:) and Manif pour Tous Italia, later called Generazione Famiglia. In the 9286: 9017: 8862: 8687: 8352: 8261: 8162: 8135: 8107: 8071: 8056: 8046: 7988: 7753: 7591: 7547: 7527: 7485: 5076:, Experiencing backlash in women's rights and gender equality in the EU 4576:"Hostile anti-trans politics on the rise in Europe, new research finds" 3725: 3194: 3167: 2866: 2540: 1921: 1878: 1508: 824: 247: 232: 6699: 6682: 6551: 6534: 5980:"What is 'LGBT ideology', and why are Polish people talking about it?" 5792: 3374: 2738: 2535:

Even outside the extreme right, there has been critical discussion of

2100:

According to Marta Rawłuszko, the anti-gender movement is, in part, a

1802:, the strong election results of national parties such as the Italian 9246: 8625: 8503: 8276: 8051: 7951: 7899: 7889: 7542: 7372: 6320:"Whitehorse Daily Star: City, YEU condemn 'Million March 4 Children'" 5553: 4033: 3765: 2645: 2200: 2168: 1944:, and conscience against the "gender ideology", which they label as " 1803: 1744: 1302: 1091: 809: 266: 221: 186: 152: 6819: 6006:"LGBT campaigners denounce President Duda's comments on "communism"" 3618:"The New Christian Right in America as a Social and Political Force" 3458:"LGBTIQ+ communities and the anti-rights pushback: 5 things to know" 2515:(LMPT), a protest movement which originated in early 2013 to oppose 1951:

Some in the anti-gender movement consider "gender ideology" to be a

9266: 8346: 7966: 7581: 6575: 6381:"Iraq bans media usage of words 'homosexuality', 'gender': reports" 5101:"Bulgarian Supreme Court Rules Against Transgender People's Rights" 4601:

ANTI-GENDER TACTICS IN EUROPE The RESIST project: research findings

3991: 3461: 2971: 2068: 1905: 1647: 1628: 1555:

as a catch-all term "for all that conservative Catholics despise".

1442: 1256: 282: 259: 52: 4364: 4362: 4092: 3128:("protest for all"), which in turn was named after the expression 2191:

Those said to support gender ideology are delegitimized, negating

8182: 8172: 8041: 7914: 7723: 7505: 7332: 7328: 7215:

Protesting Gender: The LGBTIQ Movement and its Opponents in Italy

7035:"Czy jest sens dyskutować z przeciwnikami tzw. ideologii gender?" 5678:

Indelicato, Maria Elena; Magalhães Lopes, Maíra (February 2024).

2822: 2220: 2080:

gender identities, gender expressions, and sex characteristics."

1758:

Key proponents of the anti-gender movement include Dale O'Leary,

1520: 289: 215: 180: 6824:

Right-Wing Populism and Gender: European Perspectives and Beyond

4826:"Why is the idea of 'gender' provoking backlash the world over?" 4668:

Walker, Shaun; Tait, Christian Davies Robert (25 October 2019).

4109: 4107: 4080: 3902: 3900: 3587: 3585: 2300:"Marcha contra la Ideología de Género" or "Marcha por Jesús" in 1987:

said in 2024 that the "anti-gender movement" poses a threat of "

1904:

and other international organizations as manipulated by several

1527:

states that the anti-gender movement is not a form of classical

27:

International movement opposed to the concept of gender identity

9123: 8682: 8406: 8281: 8157: 8076: 7934: 7733: 7728: 6478:"New faces of populism: the Italian 'anti-gender' mobilization" 5045: 5043: 5041: 4476: 4394: 4392: 4359: 4055: 4053: 3696: 3495: 3493: 2858: 2610: 2438: 1815: 1740: 1732: 1700:

Trans-exclusionary radical feminism or gender-critical feminism

1637: 1512: 1489: 1373: 1246: 253: 6345:"March against gender ideology in schools held in Puerto Rico" 5633: 5597: 5549:"Protesters take to streets over French govt's 'familyphobia'" 5530:"The AfD and right-wing (anti-)gender mobilisation in Germany" 4379: 4377: 4342:"How a gender conspiracy theory is spreading across the world" 1687:

were bestsellers in Germany and noticed changes in German law

8202: 8016: 8006: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7348: 7344: 4706:, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 175–189, 4500: 4488: 4104: 3897: 3631: 3582: 2781:

of 1,000 Poles found that 30% believed in the existence of a

2498: 2301: 1956: 1929: 1598: 1579:

ideology", including "liberal, green or leftist politicians,

1477: 196: 7195:

Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe: Mobilizing against Equality

6909:

Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe: Mobilizing against Equality

6843:

Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe: Mobilizing against Equality

6752:

Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe: Mobilizing against Equality

5038: 5026: 4420: 4389: 4050: 3970:"Trans Formations in the Vatican's War on 'Gender Ideology'" 3490: 8372: 8061: 5774: 5743: 5014: 4607: 4374: 3067: 2021:

there are only two biologically determined genders or sexes

1711: 1516: 1266: 237: 56: 7163:

Aiko Holvikivi, Billy Holzberg, Tomás Ojeda, eds. (2024):

5621: 5609: 5585:] (Master's thesis) (in German). University of Potsdam 5500:"Programm-Faltblatt "Kernpunkte für Deutschland" (indiv.)" 5447: 4340:

Cichocka, Aleksandra; Marchlewska, Marta (23 March 2020).

4288: 4286: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3134:("marriage for all") used in France as a popular name for 1689:

allowing transgender people to legally change their gender

8167: 7919: 6083:"Why were there anti-LGBTQ2S+ demonstrations in Toronto?" 5677: 5055: 4975:"Public Hearing on "Countering the anti-gender movement"" 4119: 4029:

The Routledge Handbook of Religion, Politics and Ideology

2396:

and other conservative or religious associations such as

1792: 1484:

linked the rise of the anti-gender movement in Europe to

1271: 6841:

Kuhar, Roman; Paternotte, David (2017). "Introduction".

5959: 5931: 4899:"Anti-gender Campaigns as a Threat to Liberal Democracy" 4070: 4068: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3409: 3407: 3405: 3296: 2249:

Gunda Werner Institute for feminism and gender democracy

1810:(having left parliament on 31 January 2020), the Polish 6363:

Gender Ideology and the Peace Plebiscite: Colombia 2016

5423: 4464: 4283: 4271: 4245:"Who's financing the 'anti-gender' movement in Europe?" 3924: 3597: 3480: 3478: 3390: 3249: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3229: 7170: 5271:"Tužba protiv GROZD-a zbog diskriminacije trans osoba" 4670:"Anti-LGBT rhetoric stokes tensions in eastern Europe" 4619: 3912: 3510: 3508: 3343: 2696:

has identified groups such as the Norwegian branch of

1881:. The anti-gender movement is not synonymous with the 1683:, noticed that feminist books arguing that gender was 1613:

International Conference on Population and Development

34:. For opposition to the concept of binary gender, see 6683:"'Gender Ideology': Weak Concepts, Powerful Politics" 5914:"Poland's Populists Pick a New Top Enemy: Gay People" 5869: 4310: 4259: 4065: 3941: 3887: 3885: 3825:, Homosexuality, and LGBT Rights in the Muslim World" 3402: 3344:

Pearce, Ruth; Erikainen, Sonja; Vincent, Ben (2020).

2707:

Gender studies scholar Janne Bromseth wrote that the

2505:

The anti-gender movement in France is spearheaded by

5893: 5881: 5755: 5720: 5435: 4298: 4219:"Professor Judith Butler 'Who Is Afraid of Gender?'" 3818: 3475: 3226: 2700:

and LLH2019, a self-declared sister organization of

2124:

The idea of gender ideology has been described as a

1795:, which are not subject to empirical verification. 1437:

has linked the anti-gender movement to the risk of "

6395:"Thousands gather at anti-LGBTI+ rally in İstanbul" 4339: 3505: 2469:), who took the most conservative voters away from 1959:of corrupt elites or foreign entities (such as the 1932:of corrupt elites, they often use the English word 1731:found that the rise of the anti-gender movement in 8098: 7149:] (in German and English). transcript Verlag. 6859: 6809:. Foundation for European Progressive Studies and 6590: 6535:"Moral Panic and Gender Ideology in Latin America" 6356: 6354: 5949: 4935:"The transnational anti-gender movement in Europe" 4482: 4439: 4410: 3882: 3812: 3537: 2543:commented on the role of women in society and the 2242: 1663:, in which the sexes are held to be different and 1645:journalist Dale O'Leary, who is affiliated to the 7364: 7093:. Publication Series on Democracy. Vol. 38. 4802: 4740:Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 3567: 3565: 2798:of Law and Justice drew attention when he called 2083: 9448: 7256:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 271–293. 6420:"Police detain 50 after Pride march in Istanbul" 1841:Members of the anti-gender movement oppose some 1836:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats 206: 7141:Hark, Sabine; Villa, Paula-Irene, eds. (2017). 6840: 6489:. Nykykulttuurin tutkimuskeskuksen julkaisuja. 6351: 5049: 5032: 4506: 4494: 4426: 4398: 4368: 4335: 4333: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4325: 4113: 4098: 4059: 3906: 3591: 3578:. European Parliament. 2021. pp. 4, 21–22. 2270:Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality 2044:The anti-gender movement is closely related to 9319:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 7876: 7192:Kuhar, Roman; Paternotte, David, eds. (2017). 7112:Graff, Agnieszka; Korolczuk, Elżbieta (2021). 7111: 6754:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 117–132. 6621: 6563:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 6235: 6233: 5568: 5453: 3975:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 3819:Rehman, Javaid; Polymenopoulou, Eleni (2013). 3562: 2733:Catholic anti-LGBT protesters during the 2018 2530:right-wing extremists and right-wing populists 1888: 8769: 8748:2020s anti-LGBT movement in the United States 7313: 7237:. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 169–182. 6532: 6030:Week, Peterborough This (20 September 2023). 5855:"'Nu följer ilskan mot medias ansvarslöshet'" 5653:"Italy's far-right 'Christian mother' Meloni" 5464: 5462: 5141:"Rodna ideologija u Istanbulskoj konvenciji?" 4636: 4634: 4086: 3499: 3073:2020s anti-LGBT movement in the United States 2879:2020s anti-LGBT movement in the United States 2802:and a form of "neo-Bolshevism", ahead of the 1753: 1735:was linked to a large degree by funding from 1349: 8392:Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures 7167:, Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 978-3-031-54222-0 5805: 4322: 4137: 3749: 3553: 3129: 2544: 1619:, following which the UN began to recognize 9106:Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine 8621:Florida Legislative Investigation Committee 7115:Anti-Gender Politics in the Populist Moment 6822:. In Dietze, Gabriele; Roth, Julia (eds.). 6475: 6230: 5811: 5749: 4903:Routledge Handbook of Non-Violent Extremism 3678: 3623:Archives de sciences sociales des religions 3609: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 2885:Anti-abortion movement in the United States 2668:and the formation of coalition between the 2644:Anti-gender in Italy has been sponsored by 2150: 1991:" that could target the LGBTQI+ community. 1712:trans-exclusionary feminist (TERF) movement 1631:feared that this recognition would lead to 9372:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 8611:Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany 7320: 7306: 6905: 6800:Kováts, Eszter; Põim, Maari, eds. (2015). 6799: 6749: 6132: 6130: 5639: 5627: 5615: 5603: 5540: 5459: 5398: 5396: 5193:"Neprihvatljivo u istanbunskoj konvenciji" 4814: 4667: 4640: 4631: 4518: 3758:Comparative Studies in Society and History 3452: 3450: 3396: 3302: 3262: 3109:, rendered in numerous English sources as 2345:has made eligibility for funding from the 2203:. Lorena Sosa, assistant professor at the 1599:International conferences in the mid-1990s 1480:out to undermine society. A report by the 1405:. It has been linked to a shift away from 1356: 1342: 9482:Discrimination against transgender people 8662:Front homosexuel d'action révolutionnaire 8494:History of Christianity and homosexuality 7460: 7212: 7140: 7032: 7015: 6968: 6698: 6639: 6550: 5965: 5739:Tutti i legami tra Pro Vita e Forza Nuova 5703: 5061: 4896: 4751: 4625: 4613: 4551: 4541: 4277: 4157: 3724: 3616:Gannon, Thomas M. (July–September 1981). 3413: 3373: 3363: 3193: 2939:2016 Colombian peace agreement referendum 2630:, the far-right Italian political party, 2063: 9304:Discrimination against non-binary people 6559: 6188: 6003: 5852: 5824:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 185–206. 5775:"Lietuvos šeimų sąjūdis (in Lithuanian)" 5574: 5020: 4470: 4383: 4292: 3935: 3709:Society for the Study of Social Problems 3603: 3339: 3337: 3152: 3018:Discrimination against non-binary people 2728: 2480: 2295: 2219:described the anti-gender movement as a 1367: 42: 8469:History of gay men in the United States 6733:Gender and Far Right Politics in Europe 6506:European Journal of Politics and Gender 6360:William Mauricio Beltrán, Sian Creely, 6127: 5977: 5971: 5911: 5402: 5393: 5323:"Penava: 'Rodna ideologija neće proći'" 4704:Gender and Far Right Politics in Europe 4180: 3963: 3961: 3755: 3447: 3053:Societal attitudes toward homosexuality 3004:– a non-fiction book about the movement 2666:2020 Lithuanian parliamentary elections 2228:Integrated Terrorism Assessment Centre 1955:. This is allegedly pushed by a secret 1476:, as it alleges that there is a secret 14: 9449: 8820:List of LGBT rights articles by region 7049: 6817: 6768: 6730: 6707: 6622:Gallot, Fanny; Pasquier, Gaël (2018). 6476:Bellè, Elisa; Poggio, Barbara (2018). 6317: 5937: 5899: 5887: 5523: 5521: 5441: 5429: 5005: 4875:Tunney, Catharine (15 February 2024). 4874: 4843: 4701: 4316: 4304: 4265: 4138:Bassi, Serena; LaFleur, Greta (2022). 4125: 4074: 3952: 3918: 3684: 3615: 3514: 3424: 3422: 3243: 2554:The far-right German political party, 2288:surrounding the "traditional family." 2254:In August 2021, the Council of Europe 1985:Canadian Security Intelligence Service 1670: 1435:Canadian Security Intelligence Service 9122: 9016: 8768: 8441: 7849: 7459: 7363: 7301: 7251: 7231: 7004:Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 6826:. transcript Verlag. pp. 75–99. 6680: 6648: 6373: 6291: 5875: 5536:. London: London School of Economics. 5528:Hajek, Katharina (27 February 2020). 5527: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4733: 4131: 4025: 4021: 4019: 4017: 3484: 3334: 3273: 3271: 2205:Netherlands Institute of Human Rights 1694: 51:("Don't mess with my kids") during a 47:"Gender no more": demonstrators from 9392:Unlawfully killed transgender people 9377:Acts of violence against LGBT people 9352:Capital punishment for homosexuality 8836:Capital punishment for homosexuality 6997: 6926: 6503: 6189:Bueckert, Kate (20 September 2023). 6136: 6029: 5761: 5726: 5546: 5468: 5403:Caldini, Camille (28 January 2014). 4808: 3967: 3958: 3891: 3558:. John Benjamins. pp. 465–488 . 3173:British Journal of Social Psychology 2626:, who was elected prime-minister in 1978: 1857:, along with some campaigns against 1828:European Conservatives and Reformers 1739:that are sponsored in large part by 1722: 1633:abortion being seen as a human right 1488:that are sponsored in large part by 9387:Violence against transgender people 8787:LGBT rights by country or territory 7254:Culture and Order in World Politics 6711:Communication, Culture and Critique 6654:European Journal of Women's Studies 6594:European Journal of Women's Studies 5684:European Journal of Women's Studies 5518: 4641:Paternotte, David (30 March 2020). 3419: 2414:announced that it would ratify the 1994: 1411:trans-exclusionary radical feminist 391:Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy 24: 8917:Legal status of transgender people 8368:Legal status of transgender people 7080: 6936:Gender and Power in Eastern Europe 6318:Giilck, T.S. (19 September 2023). 6004:Dellanna, Alessio (15 June 2020). 5812:Engebretsen, Elisabeth L. (2022). 5479:Federal Agency for Civic Education 5469:Lang, Juliane (20 November 2017). 4992: 4820: 4643:"Backlash: A misleading narrative" 4014: 3314: 3268: 2388:-led Croatian government proposed 2347:Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund 1590: 1503:, anti-gender rhetoric is used by 25: 9543: 7999:Third sex / Third gender 7272: 6292:Média, Bell (20 September 2023). 3864:from the original on 21 July 2018 3833:Fordham International Law Journal 3821:"Is Green a Part of the Rainbow? 2897:and being enacted under Governor 2804:2020 Polish presidential election 2794:. In June 2020, Polish president 2698:Women's Declaration International 2351:joined the European Union in 2004 1908:, such as American billionaires, 1861:. They may also campaign against 1710:Bassi and LaFleur note that "the 1441:" against the LGBTQI+ community. 9429: 9428: 9416: 9021:— Medicine, science and sexology 8851:Criminalization of homosexuality 8153:Attraction to transgender people 6870:The Journal of Social Psychology 6518:10.1332/251510819X15657567135115 6438: 6412: 6387: 6337: 6311: 6285: 6259: 6208: 6182: 6156: 6101: 6075: 6049: 6023: 5997: 5978:Hoffman, Steven (20 June 2020). 5905: 5846: 5785: 5767: 5732: 5671: 5645: 5575:Schlegel, Theresa (9 May 2018). 5492: 5006:Butler, Judith (19 March 2024). 3842:Fordham University School of Law 3666:from the original on 2 June 2018 3116: 2912: 2872: 2836: 1326: 1325: 1313: 1301: 452:Assisted reproductive technology 9527:Transgender topics and religion 9299:Discrimination against lesbians 9231:Transgender people and religion 9046:Disability and LGBTQ identities 8605:Institut für Sexualwissenschaft 6137:Kaul, Aru (20 September 2023). 5853:Bromseth, Janne (7 July 2022). 5367: 5341: 5315: 5289: 5263: 5237: 5211: 5185: 5159: 5133: 5107: 5093: 5079: 5067: 4967: 4949: 4927: 4905:. Routledge. pp. 347–359. 4890: 4868: 4776: 4727: 4695: 4661: 4593: 4568: 4512: 4452:from the original on 7 May 2022 4432: 4237: 4211: 4174: 3876: 3547: 3096: 3001:Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe 2909:, and other religious leaders. 2853:topics regarding sexuality and 2680:and political parties like the 2584:and gender mainstreaming. At a 2243:LGBT rights and gender equality 2119: 2071:has described the anti-gender, 1445:has described the anti-gender, 8421:Sexual practices between women 6735:. Springer. pp. 175–189. 6533:Careaga-Pérez, Gloria (2016). 5912:Santora, Marc (7 April 2019). 5822:Populism and Science in Europe 4790:(in German). 26 September 2018 4483:Dahl & kennedy-macfoy 2020 3308: 2948: 2889:In 2021, there was a march in 2547:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 2084:Backlash or proactive movement 1607:to counter the results of the 1538: 1421:, government gender policies, 810:Cisgender / cissexual 805:Childhood gender nonconformity 431:Facial masculinization surgery 13: 1: 9457:21st-century social movements 9367:History of violence in the US 9362:History of violence in the UK 8846:Civil unions and partnerships 8716:Timeline of same-sex marriage 8417:Women who have sex with women 8397:Social construction of gender 7064:10.1080/17405904.2019.1676808 7043:Chorzowskie Studia Polityczne 6883:10.1080/00224545.2019.1586637 5504:www.wir-lieben-deutschland.de 4145:Transgender Studies Quarterly 3186:British Psychological Society 3122:Named after the French group 3084: 2654:2018 Italian general election 2628:2022 Italian general election 2256:Commissioner for Human Rights 2177:gap between the rich and poor 2028:believed to be rooted within 1727:A report commissioned by the 1287:Social construction of gender 9339:Violence against LGBT people 9240:Prejudice and discrimination 9056:Homosexuality and psychology 8733:Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014 8668:Florida orange juice boycott 8382:Sexual practices between men 8267:Erotic target location error 7198:. Rowman & Littlefield. 6912:. Rowman & Littlefield. 6845:. Rowman & Littlefield. 6772:Sociological Research Online 5547:Ball, Sam (5 October 2014). 4897:Korolczuk, Elżbieta (2023). 4712:10.1007/978-3-319-43533-6_12 4649:. London School of Economics 3556:Conspiracy Theory Discourses 3346:"TERF wars: An introduction" 2865:, as well as cities such as 2772:2015 European migrant crisis 2659: 2394:Croatian Bishops' Conference 2291: 2283:published their book titled 1393:political spectrum, such as 859:Gender-sexuality questioning 7: 9492:LGBTQ-related controversies 9101:Sexual orientation identity 8922:Transgender rights movement 8442: 8287:Gender and sexual diversity 7656:Queerplatonic relationships 7185:10.14220/lhom.2017.28.2.101 6944:10.1007/978-3-030-53130-0_4 5830:10.1007/978-3-030-97535-7_9 5471:"'Gender' und 'Genderwahn'" 5050:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 5033:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 5010:(1 ed.). Knopf Canada. 4507:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4495:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4427:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4399:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4369:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4114:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4099:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 4060:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 3984:University of Chicago Press 3907:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 3592:Kuhar & Paternotte 2017 2992: 2932: 2560:Alternative für Deutschland 2517:same-sex marriage in France 2363: 2279:In March 2024, philosopher 2226:In February 2024, Canada's 424:Facial feminization surgery 10: 9548: 9277:Grooming conspiracy theory 9226:Homosexuality and religion 8499:History of same-sex unions 7283:London School of Economics 7052:Critical Discourse Studies 7033:Wawrowski, Łukasz (2017). 6811:Friedrich Ebert Foundation 6468: 6370:(2018), volume 9, issue 10 5454:Gallot & Pasquier 2018 4753:10.1007/s12286-019-00430-8 3774:Cambridge University Press 3038:Homosexuality and religion 2882: 2876: 2840: 2829:triumphed by contemporary 2759:National Rebirth of Poland 2722: 2678:Lithuanian Family Movement 2596: 2588:rally in 2014, journalist 2523: 2379: 2199:, in a similar way to the 1999:According to sociologists 1892: 1754:Central figures and issues 1703: 1495:The movement derives from 1433:academic departments. The 794:Androphilia and gynephilia 494:Gender self-identification 29: 9410: 9337: 9239: 9147: 9143: 9118: 9026: 9012: 8949: 8841:Censorship of LGBT issues 8828: 8785: 8781: 8764: 8706: 8589: 8581:First homosexual movement 8560: 8519: 8454: 8450: 8437: 8378:Men who have sex with men 8244: 8126: 8089: 7997: 7885: 7872: 7845: 7752: 7709: 7481: 7477: 7455: 7381: 7359: 7289:Responding to anti-gender 6983:10.1017/S1743923X19000576 6681:Graff, Agnieszka (2016). 6452:(in Turkish). 10 May 2023 6036:The Peterborough Examiner 5696:10.1177/13505068241230819 4197:10.1177/13634607221107827 3782:10.1017/S0010417516000499 2961: 2917: 2847: 2833:and queer mainstreaming. 2718: 2687: 2476: 2370:Bulgarian Socialist Party 2327: 2023:. According to Corredor, 1965:World Health Organization 1617:World Conference on Women 1403:Christian fundamentalists 168:Non-binary or genderqueer 49:Con mis hijos no te metas 9472:Christian fundamentalism 9209:Suicide among LGBT youth 9061:Homosexuality in the DSM 8698:Bar Abanicos police raid 8678:Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS 8651:Festival of Light action 8631:Compton's Cafeteria riot 8464:History of homosexuality 7925:Non-binary / genderqueer 7782:Gay flag of South Africa 7386:LGBT topics in education 7213:Lavizzari, Anna (2019). 7095:Heinrich Böll Foundation 7017:10.1177/0924051921996697 6785:10.1177/1360780418764735 6666:10.1177/1350506814546091 6607:10.1177/1350506820929220 4911:10.4324/9781003032793-27 4159:10.1215/23289252-9836008 3968:Case, Mary Anne (2019). 3717:10.1525/sp.2001.48.3.411 3365:10.1177/0038026120934713 3078:Parental rights movement 2895:Alejandro García Padilla 2843:Parental rights movement 2765:. In 2019, sociologists 2694:Elisabeth L. Engebretsen 2617: 2574:fundamentalist Christian 2489:, c'est pas mon genre" ( 2339:Roman Catholic countries 2175:and the widening of the 2151:Democracy and liberalism 1737:disinformation campaigns 1706:Gender-critical feminism 1581:women's rights activists 1486:disinformation campaigns 613:Parental rights movement 522:Political office-holders 401:Gender-affirming surgery 32:Gender-critical feminism 9216:Monuments and memorials 9204:Suicides of LGBT people 8941:Commonwealth of Nations 8773:Rights and legal issues 8412:Transgender health care 6818:Kováts, Eszter (2020). 5750:Bellè & Poggio 2018 5008:Who's Afraid of Gender? 4223:University of Cambridge 3705:Oxford University Press 3351:The Sociological Review 2953: 2903:Daniel Fernández Torres 2745:In late 2013, the term 2692:Gender studies scholar 2285:Who's Afraid of Gender? 2247:Marie Wittenius of the 2134:political psychologists 1832:European People’s Party 207: 140:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai 9187:LGBT rights opposition 9096:Split attraction model 8599:Dance of the Forty-One 8510:Category:LGBTQ history 8479:LGBTQ history timeline 8387:Sex–gender distinction 8337:Human female sexuality 7671:Same-sex relationships 7045:(in Polish) (14): 13–. 5779:Lietuvos šeimų sąjūdis 5640:Kováts & Pető 2017 5628:Kováts & Pető 2017 5616:Kováts & Pető 2017 5604:Kováts & Pető 2017 4734:Sauer, Birgit (2019). 4543:10.4102/hts.v76i3.6005 4529:HTS Teologiese Studies 3644:10.3406/assr.1981.2226 3397:Kováts & Põim 2015 3303:Kováts & Põim 2015 3283:Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung 3263:Mayer & Sauer 2017 3130: 3106: 2943:evangelical electorate 2905:, political scientist 2742: 2580:has mobilized against 2545: 2502: 2368:In February 2023, the 2356:In February 2019, the 2305: 2265:In February 2022, the 2237:University of Waterloo 2169:precarization of labor 2077:men’s rights movements 2064:Analyses and responses 2042: 2013:gender complementarity 1824:Identity and Democracy 1820:Rassemblement National 1651:, wrote a book titled 1451:men's rights movements 1377: 1308:Transgender portal 1277:Sex–gender distinction 836:Gender detransitioning 723:Anatomical terminology 60: 8974:LGBT rights activists 8951:LGBT rights movements 8931:Yogyakarta Principles 8890:Assisted reproduction 8868:Intersex human rights 8728:Russian anti-LGBT law 8474:History of lesbianism 7930:Queer heterosexuality 6998:Sosa, Lorena (2021). 6971:Politics & Gender 6927:Pető, Andrea (2021). 6641:10.3917/cdge.065.0005 6486:Populism on the loose 6324:Whitehorse Daily Star 5820:; Giorgi, A. (eds.). 5197:Istina o Istanbulskoj 4788:Zeitschrift LuXemburg 2883:Further information: 2841:Further information: 2779:representative sample 2763:National-Radical Camp 2732: 2723:Further information: 2564:Manifesto for Germany 2484: 2434:Istina o Istanbulskoj 2299: 2188:socioeconomic order. 2171:, the erosion of the 2025: 1953:totalitarian ideology 1859:gender-based violence 1455:anti-rights movements 1371: 1262:Queer heterosexuality 874:Rapid-onset dysphoria 657:Yogyakarta Principles 46: 9462:Anti-gender movement 9257:Anti-gender movement 8693:Tasty nightclub raid 8641:Gay Liberation Front 8342:Human male sexuality 8213:Romantic orientation 8012:Balkan sworn virgins 7910:Gender nonconformity 7279:Anti-gender politics 4448:. 21 February 2015. 2537:gender mainstreaming 2322:national sovereignty 2144:coronavirus pandemic 1973:Western civilization 1685:socially constructed 1661:theology of the body 1523:. Gender researcher 1427:gender mainstreaming 1399:social conservatives 1395:right-wing populists 1382:anti-gender movement 848:Gender transitioning 800:Blanchard's typology 728:Fictional characters 674:Events and awareness 580:Anti-gender movement 9522:Social conservatism 9512:Right-wing populism 9507:Right-wing politics 9477:Conspiracy theories 9467:Anti-LGBT sentiment 9192:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 8302:Gender essentialism 8100:Sexual orientations 6687:Religion and Gender 6539:Religion and Gender 6273:. 20 September 2023 6247:. 20 September 2023 6218:. 19 September 2023 6170:. 20 September 2023 6115:. 20 September 2023 6089:. 20 September 2023 6063:. 20 September 2023 5956:, pp. 775–776. 5642:, pp. 119–120. 5606:, pp. 117–118. 5103:. 21 February 2023. 5023:, pp. 613–614. 4979:European Parliament 4386:, pp. 628–629. 4128:, pp. 178–179. 4101:, pp. 7, 9–10. 4089:, pp. 251–252. 3636:Éditions de l'EHESS 3058:Sociology of gender 3033:Gender essentialism 3023:Gender and politics 2924:President of Brazil 2777:A 2020 survey of a 2405:Croatian government 2358:European Parliament 2343:European Commission 2267:European Parliament 2132:. According to two 2046:right-wing populism 1895:Sociology of gender 1843:reproductive rights 1800:European Parliament 1729:European Parliament 1671:1980s Church origin 1625:reproductive rights 1482:European Parliament 1419:reproductive rights 1242:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 787:Theory and concepts 669:Society and culture 650:Trans panic defense 9487:LGBTQ and religion 9292:Liberal homophobia 9149:Societal attitudes 9127:Societal attitudes 9091:Conversion therapy 9019:Sexual orientation 8979:Rainbow capitalism 8969:LGBT rights groups 8878:Same-sex parenting 8829:LGBT rights topics 8542:pre-Columbian Peru 8218:Same gender loving 7864:Sexual diversities 7518:Bisexual community 7124:20.500.12657/50542 6724:10.1093/ccc/tcx017 6298:www.iheartradio.ca 5938:Żuk & Żuk 2019 5918:The New York Times 5900:Żuk & Żuk 2019 5888:Żuk & Żuk 2019 4616:, pp. 1, 2–3. 4087:Careaga-Pérez 2016 3515:Żuk & Żuk 2019 3500:Careaga-Pérez 2016 3195:10.1111/bjso.12678 3125:La Manif pour tous 3028:Gender empowerment 3013:Complementarianism 3008:Anti-LGBT rhetoric 2800:LGBT an "ideology" 2770:conclusion of the 2743: 2709:2022 Oslo shooting 2512:La Manif pour tous 2503: 2501:, 2 February 2014. 2495:La Manif pour tous 2312:. The movement is 2306: 2209:democratic erosion 2159:and a reaction to 2110:democratic deficit 2015:, comparing it to 1838:(S&D) groups. 1772:Marguerite Peeters 1695:Later developments 1562:and related terms 1378: 1282:Sexual orientation 1121:Disenfranchisement 690:Day of Remembrance 591:trans-exclusionary 76:Transgender topics 61: 9444: 9443: 9406: 9405: 9402: 9401: 9382:Stop Murder Music 9182:Gay panic defense 9162:Heteronormativity 9114: 9113: 9081:Prenatal hormones 9008: 9007: 9004: 9003: 8895:Same-sex marriage 8856:decriminalization 8760: 8759: 8756: 8755: 8722:Lawrence v. Texas 8656:White Night riots 8646:Handkerchief code 8433: 8432: 8429: 8428: 8322:Gender transition 8312:Gender neutrality 8307:Gender expression 8292:Gender assignment 8240: 8239: 8091:Sexual identities 8085: 8084: 7859:Sexual identities 7854:Gender identities 7841: 7840: 7837: 7836: 7560:Awareness periods 7533:Community centers 7451: 7450: 7263:978-1-108-48497-8 7244:978-1-78897-424-0 7224:978-1-000-76792-6 7205:978-1-78660-001-1 7156:978-3-8394-3144-3 7133:978-1-000-41334-2 7104:978-3-86928-139-1 6953:978-3-030-53130-0 6919:978-1-78660-001-1 6852:978-1-78660-001-1 6833:978-3-8394-4980-6 6761:978-1-78660-001-1 6742:978-3-319-43533-6 6700:10.18352/rg.10177 6552:10.18352/rg.10174 6496:978-951-39-7401-5 6383:. 10 August 2023. 5940:, pp. 19–20. 5839:978-3-030-97534-0 5798:National Alliance 5659:. 21 October 2022 5432:, pp. 37–38. 4963:. 16 August 2021. 4961:Council of Europe 4920:978-1-003-03279-3 4721:978-3-319-43532-9 4520:Eslen-Ziya, Hande 4043:978-1-000-41700-5 3707:on behalf of the 3184:on behalf of the 3136:same sex marriage 3131:mariage pour tous 3043:Identity politics 2787:gender conspiracy 2783:gender conspiracy 2682:National Alliance 2633:Fratelli d'Italia 2582:same-sex marriage 2576:protest alliance 2539:since 2006, when 2467:Domovinski pokret 2463:Homeland Movement 2304:, 27 October 2018 2197:liberal democracy 2179:. In the journal 2157:liberal democracy 2130:conspiracy theory 1979:Violent extremism 1910:Cultural Marxists 1889:"Gender ideology" 1855:same-sex marriage 1818:, and the French 1723:Foreign influence 1681:Pope Benedict XVI 1653:The Gender Agenda 1497:Catholic theology 1474:conspiracy theory 1407:liberal democracy 1366: 1365: 1212:elected officials 842:Gender expression 695:Day of Visibility 504:Non-binary gender 470:Standards of Care 127:Gender identities 16:(Redirected from 9539: 9502:Radical feminism 9432: 9431: 9423:LGBTQ portal 9421: 9420: 9419: 9199:LGBT stereotypes 9167:Heteropatriarchy 9157:Amatonormativity 9145: 9144: 9120: 9119: 9086:Sexual inversion 9014: 9013: 8873:Military service 8783: 8782: 8766: 8765: 8489:Social movements 8452: 8451: 8439: 8438: 8193:Non-heterosexual 8096: 8095: 7883: 7882: 7874: 7873: 7847: 7846: 7822:Rainbow crossing 7661:Religious groups 7607:New queer cinema 7479: 7478: 7457: 7456: 7396:Lesbian feminism 7361: 7360: 7322: 7315: 7308: 7299: 7298: 7267: 7248: 7228: 7209: 7188: 7160: 7137: 7108: 7075: 7046: 7040: 7029: 7019: 6994: 6965: 6933: 6923: 6902: 6866: 6856: 6837: 6814: 6808: 6796: 6765: 6746: 6727: 6704: 6702: 6677: 6650:Graff, Agnieszka 6645: 6643: 6628:Cahiers du Genre 6618: 6587: 6556: 6554: 6529: 6500: 6482: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6442: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6416: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6405: 6391: 6385: 6384: 6377: 6371: 6358: 6349: 6348: 6341: 6335: 6334: 6332: 6330: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6289: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6263: 6257: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6237: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6212: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6201: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6175: 6160: 6154: 6153: 6151: 6149: 6134: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6105: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6094: 6079: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6053: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6027: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5975: 5969: 5963: 5957: 5947: 5941: 5935: 5929: 5928: 5926: 5924: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5879: 5873: 5867: 5866: 5865:on 12 July 2022. 5861:. Archived from 5850: 5844: 5843: 5809: 5803: 5802: 5801:. 17 March 2020. 5789: 5783: 5782: 5771: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5717: 5707: 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5649: 5643: 5637: 5631: 5625: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5572: 5566: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5544: 5538: 5537: 5525: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5496: 5490: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5466: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5427: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5400: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5371: 5365: 5364: 5362: 5360: 5345: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5319: 5313: 5312: 5310: 5308: 5293: 5287: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5256: 5241: 5235: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5215: 5209: 5208: 5206: 5204: 5189: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5128: 5126: 5111: 5105: 5104: 5097: 5091: 5090: 5083: 5077: 5071: 5065: 5064:, pp. 9–10. 5059: 5053: 5047: 5036: 5030: 5024: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5003: 4990: 4989: 4987: 4985: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4931: 4925: 4924: 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3673: 3671: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3569: 3560: 3559: 3551: 3545: 3535: 3518: 3512: 3503: 3497: 3488: 3482: 3473: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3454: 3445: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3426: 3417: 3411: 3400: 3394: 3388: 3387: 3377: 3367: 3341: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3312: 3306: 3300: 3294: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3275: 3266: 3260: 3247: 3241: 3224: 3223: 3197: 3163: 3139: 3133: 3120: 3114: 3100: 2831:LGBTQ+ movements 2755:All-Polish Youth 2572:Since 2013, the 2550: 2390:Health Education 2195:and undermining 2139:The Conversation 2090:Hande Eslen-Ziya 2005:David Paternotte 1995:Related concepts 1989:extreme violence 1869:in schools, and 1814:, the Hungarian 1782: 1779: 1760:Michel Schooyans 1748:Christian rights 1677:Joseph Ratzinger 1505:other Christians 1439:extreme violence 1358: 1351: 1344: 1329: 1328: 1320:LGBTQ portal 1318: 1317: 1316: 1306: 1305: 1156: 983: 850: 838: 796: 743:Media portrayals 596: 595: 594:radical feminism 592: 588: 540:Military service 472: 460: 443: 433: 426: 417: 410: 403: 393: 374: 364: 355: 348: 346:Gender dysphoria 341: 212: 96: 93: 90: 87: 84: 63: 62: 21: 9547: 9546: 9542: 9541: 9540: 9538: 9537: 9536: 9447: 9446: 9445: 9440: 9417: 9415: 9398: 9347:Corrective rape 9333: 9235: 9172:Homonationalism 9139: 9110: 9022: 9000: 8945: 8936:La Francophonie 8905:List of couples 8863:Hate crime laws 8824: 8777: 8752: 8702: 8636:Stonewall riots 8585: 8556: 8552:Medieval Europe 8515: 8446: 8425: 8236: 8223:Sexual minority 8141:Gray asexuality 8122: 8081: 7993: 7878:Gender identity 7868: 7833: 7748: 7705: 7473: 7447: 7377: 7368:Academic fields 7355: 7326: 7275: 7270: 7264: 7245: 7225: 7206: 7191: 7157: 7134: 7105: 7087: 7083: 7081:Further reading 7078: 7038: 6954: 6931: 6920: 6864: 6853: 6834: 6806: 6762: 6743: 6497: 6480: 6471: 6466: 6465: 6455: 6453: 6450:BBC News Türkçe 6444: 6443: 6439: 6429: 6427: 6418: 6417: 6413: 6403: 6401: 6393: 6392: 6388: 6379: 6378: 6374: 6359: 6352: 6343: 6342: 6338: 6328: 6326: 6316: 6312: 6302: 6300: 6290: 6286: 6276: 6274: 6265: 6264: 6260: 6250: 6248: 6239: 6238: 6231: 6221: 6219: 6214: 6213: 6209: 6199: 6197: 6187: 6183: 6173: 6171: 6162: 6161: 6157: 6147: 6145: 6135: 6128: 6118: 6116: 6107: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6090: 6081: 6080: 6076: 6066: 6064: 6055: 6054: 6050: 6040: 6038: 6028: 6024: 6014: 6012: 6002: 5998: 5988: 5986: 5984:The Krakow Post 5976: 5972: 5964: 5960: 5948: 5944: 5936: 5932: 5922: 5920: 5910: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5882: 5874: 5870: 5851: 5847: 5840: 5810: 5806: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5760: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5737: 5733: 5725: 5721: 5676: 5672: 5662: 5660: 5651: 5650: 5646: 5638: 5634: 5626: 5622: 5614: 5610: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5573: 5569: 5559: 5557: 5545: 5541: 5526: 5519: 5509: 5507: 5498: 5497: 5493: 5483: 5481: 5467: 5460: 5452: 5448: 5440: 5436: 5428: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5401: 5394: 5384: 5382: 5373: 5372: 5368: 5358: 5356: 5347: 5346: 5342: 5332: 5330: 5321: 5320: 5316: 5306: 5304: 5295: 5294: 5290: 5280: 5278: 5269: 5268: 5264: 5254: 5252: 5243: 5242: 5238: 5228: 5226: 5217: 5216: 5212: 5202: 5200: 5191: 5190: 5186: 5176: 5174: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5150: 5148: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5124: 5122: 5113: 5112: 5108: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5072: 5068: 5060: 5056: 5048: 5039: 5031: 5027: 5019: 5015: 5004: 4993: 4983: 4981: 4973: 4972: 4968: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4940: 4938: 4933: 4932: 4928: 4921: 4895: 4891: 4881: 4879: 4873: 4869: 4859: 4857: 4849: 4848: 4844: 4834: 4832: 4819: 4815: 4807: 4803: 4793: 4791: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4732: 4728: 4722: 4700: 4696: 4686: 4684: 4666: 4662: 4652: 4650: 4639: 4632: 4624: 4620: 4612: 4608: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4517: 4513: 4505: 4501: 4493: 4489: 4481: 4477: 4469: 4465: 4455: 4453: 4446:The Independent 4438: 4437: 4433: 4425: 4421: 4409: 4405: 4397: 4390: 4382: 4375: 4367: 4360: 4350: 4348: 4338: 4323: 4315: 4311: 4303: 4299: 4291: 4284: 4276: 4272: 4264: 4260: 4250: 4248: 4243: 4242: 4238: 4228: 4226: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4179: 4175: 4136: 4132: 4124: 4120: 4112: 4105: 4097: 4093: 4085: 4081: 4073: 4066: 4058: 4051: 4044: 4024: 4015: 3966: 3959: 3951: 3942: 3934: 3925: 3917: 3913: 3905: 3898: 3890: 3883: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3827: 3817: 3813: 3754: 3750: 3688:Social Problems 3683: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3614: 3610: 3602: 3598: 3590: 3583: 3575: 3571: 3570: 3563: 3552: 3548: 3536: 3521: 3513: 3506: 3498: 3491: 3483: 3476: 3466: 3464: 3456: 3455: 3448: 3438: 3436: 3428: 3427: 3420: 3412: 3403: 3395: 3391: 3342: 3335: 3325: 3323: 3313: 3309: 3301: 3297: 3287: 3285: 3277: 3276: 3269: 3261: 3250: 3242: 3227: 3182:Wiley-Blackwell 3164: 3153: 3143: 3142: 3121: 3117: 3101: 3097: 3087: 3082: 2995: 2987:Cumhur İttifakı 2968:political Islam 2964: 2956: 2951: 2935: 2920: 2915: 2899:Pedro Pierluisi 2887: 2881: 2875: 2855:gender identity 2850: 2845: 2839: 2827:gender binaries 2751:Law and Justice 2727: 2725:LGBT-free zones 2721: 2690: 2662: 2620: 2599: 2526: 2507:Farida Belghoul 2479: 2428:gender identity 2382: 2366: 2330: 2294: 2274:gender equality 2259:Dunja Mijatović 2245: 2153: 2122: 2086: 2073:gender-critical 2066: 2054:Christian right 2038:creation of God 2017:nuclear weapons 1997: 1981: 1898: 1891: 1845:, particularly 1812:Law and Justice 1774: 1756: 1725: 1708: 1702: 1697: 1673: 1605:Catholic Church 1601: 1593: 1591:Origin theories 1576:epistemological 1560:gender ideology 1553:Agnieszka Graff 1549:gender ideology 1541: 1533:new world order 1501:Roman Catholics 1466:Agnieszka Graff 1462:gender ideology 1447:gender-critical 1423:gender equality 1362: 1324: 1314: 1312: 1300: 1292: 1291: 1237: 1229: 1228: 1150: 1144: 1137: 977: 922: 916: 906: 905: 896:Transmedicalism 864:Gender variance 854:Gender identity 846: 834: 792: 788: 780: 779: 719: 714: 685:Beauty pageants 676: 670: 662: 661: 618:Transgender men 593: 590: 587:Gender-critical 586: 585: 576: 526: 512:Rights movement 508: 489: 478: 477: 468: 456: 439: 436: 429: 422: 413: 406: 399: 396: 389: 372:Hormone therapy 370: 367: 360: 351: 344: 337: 333: 322: 321: 173:Gender fluidity 129: 119: 94: 91: 88: 85: 82: 39: 28: 23: 22: 18:Gender ideology 15: 12: 11: 5: 9545: 9535: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9442: 9441: 9439: 9438: 9426: 9411: 9408: 9407: 9404: 9403: 9400: 9399: 9397: 9396: 9395: 9394: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9343: 9341: 9335: 9334: 9332: 9331: 9326: 9321: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9295: 9294: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9243: 9241: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9212: 9211: 9201: 9196: 9195: 9194: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9153: 9151: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9137: 9132: 9129: 9116: 9115: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9038: 9033: 9027: 9024: 9023: 9010: 9009: 9006: 9005: 9002: 9001: 8999: 8998: 8997: 8996: 8991: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8964:Gay liberation 8961: 8955: 8953: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8927:United Nations 8924: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8908: 8907: 8902: 8892: 8887: 8886: 8885: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8859: 8858: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8832: 8830: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8791: 8789: 8779: 8778: 8776: 8775: 8762: 8761: 8758: 8757: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8718: 8712: 8710: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8673:Operation Soap 8670: 8665: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8601: 8595: 8593: 8587: 8586: 8584: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8567: 8565: 8558: 8557: 8555: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8539: 8537:Ancient Greece 8534: 8529: 8527:Adelphopoiesis 8523: 8521: 8520:Pre-modern era 8517: 8516: 8514: 8513: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8460: 8458: 8448: 8447: 8435: 8434: 8431: 8430: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8423: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8364: 8363: 8356: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8248: 8246: 8242: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8234: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8178:Heteroflexible 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8133: 8127: 8124: 8123: 8121: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8104: 8102: 8093: 8087: 8086: 8083: 8082: 8080: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8003: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7970: 7969: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7948: 7947: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7886: 7880: 7870: 7869: 7867: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7843: 7842: 7839: 7838: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7825: 7824: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7758: 7756: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7746: 7744:Rainbow plaque 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7719:Black triangle 7715: 7713: 7707: 7706: 7704: 7703: 7698: 7693: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7652: 7651: 7646: 7636: 7631: 7626: 7621: 7620: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7567:Film festivals 7564: 7563: 7562: 7552: 7551: 7550: 7545: 7538:Cross-dressing 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7514: 7513: 7508: 7500: 7499: 7498: 7488: 7482: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7453: 7452: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7424: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7391:Gender studies 7388: 7382: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7375: 7370: 7357: 7356: 7325: 7324: 7317: 7310: 7302: 7296: 7295: 7286: 7274: 7273:External links 7271: 7269: 7268: 7262: 7249: 7243: 7229: 7223: 7210: 7204: 7189: 7179:(2): 101–108. 7168: 7161: 7155: 7138: 7132: 7109: 7103: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7076: 7058:(5): 566–588. 7047: 7030: 6995: 6977:(2): 301–323. 6966: 6952: 6924: 6918: 6903: 6877:(6): 766–779. 6857: 6851: 6838: 6832: 6815: 6797: 6779:(2): 528–538. 6766: 6760: 6747: 6741: 6728: 6705: 6693:(2): 268–272. 6678: 6660:(4): 431–435. 6646: 6619: 6601:(3): 282–284. 6588: 6576:10.1086/701171 6570:(3): 613–638. 6557: 6545:(2): 251–255. 6530: 6512:(1): 161–163. 6501: 6495: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6464: 6463: 6437: 6426:. 25 June 2023 6411: 6386: 6372: 6350: 6336: 6310: 6284: 6258: 6229: 6207: 6181: 6155: 6126: 6100: 6074: 6048: 6022: 5996: 5970: 5966:Rawłuszko 2019 5958: 5942: 5930: 5904: 5892: 5880: 5878:, p. 431. 5868: 5845: 5838: 5818:Eslen–Ziya, H. 5804: 5784: 5766: 5764:, p. 162. 5754: 5752:, p. 120. 5742: 5731: 5729:, p. 161. 5719: 5670: 5644: 5632: 5630:, p. 119. 5620: 5618:, p. 118. 5608: 5596: 5567: 5539: 5517: 5491: 5458: 5446: 5434: 5422: 5392: 5366: 5340: 5314: 5288: 5262: 5236: 5210: 5184: 5158: 5145:Deutsche Welle 5132: 5106: 5092: 5078: 5074:2018/2684(RSP) 5066: 5062:Rawłuszko 2019 5054: 5037: 5025: 5013: 4991: 4966: 4948: 4926: 4919: 4889: 4867: 4842: 4822:Butler, Judith 4813: 4801: 4775: 4746:(3): 339–352. 4726: 4720: 4694: 4660: 4630: 4626:Rawłuszko 2019 4618: 4614:Rawłuszko 2019 4606: 4592: 4567: 4511: 4499: 4487: 4475: 4473:, p. 621. 4463: 4431: 4419: 4417:, p. 767. 4403: 4388: 4373: 4358: 4321: 4319:, p. 184. 4309: 4297: 4295:, p. 614. 4282: 4278:Wawrowski 2017 4270: 4268:, p. 179. 4258: 4236: 4210: 4191:(4): 962–978. 4173: 4152:(3): 311–333. 4130: 4118: 4103: 4091: 4079: 4077:, p. 178. 4064: 4049: 4042: 4013: 3992:10.1086/701498 3957: 3955:, p. 176. 3940: 3938:, p. 617. 3923: 3911: 3896: 3881: 3875: 3811: 3748: 3677: 3608: 3606:, p. 620. 3596: 3581: 3561: 3546: 3544:, p. 766. 3519: 3504: 3502:, p. 251. 3489: 3487:, p. 268. 3474: 3446: 3418: 3414:Rawłuszko 2019 3401: 3389: 3358:(4): 677–698. 3333: 3315:Walton, Kate. 3307: 3305:, p. 126. 3295: 3267: 3248: 3246:, p. 175. 3225: 3150: 3149: 3148: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3115: 3111:gender madness 3094: 3093: 3092: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3048:LGBT-free zone 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2963: 2960: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2934: 2931: 2927:Jair Bolsonaro 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2877:Main article: 2874: 2871: 2863:Mark Sutcliffe 2849: 2846: 2838: 2835: 2815:Vladimir Putin 2792:communist rule 2735:equality march 2720: 2717: 2689: 2686: 2670:Homeland Union 2661: 2658: 2624:Giorgia Meloni 2619: 2616: 2598: 2595: 2525: 2522: 2478: 2475: 2420:U ime obitelji 2381: 2378: 2365: 2362: 2335:Eastern Europe 2329: 2326: 2293: 2290: 2244: 2241: 2233:gender studies 2152: 2149: 2121: 2118: 2106:European Union 2085: 2082: 2065: 2062: 1996: 1993: 1980: 1977: 1969:United Nations 1961:European Union 1902:European Union 1890: 1887: 1871:gender studies 1834:(EPP) and the 1806:, the British 1785:gender studies 1764:Tony Anatrella 1755: 1752: 1724: 1721: 1704:Main article: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1693: 1672: 1669: 1609:United Nations 1600: 1597: 1592: 1589: 1585:LGBT activists 1572:gender studies 1540: 1537: 1431:gender studies 1376:, Poland, 2014 1364: 1363: 1361: 1360: 1353: 1346: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1323: 1322: 1310: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1252:Gender studies 1249: 1244: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1219: 1217:Cafeteria riot 1214: 1209: 1199: 1197:United Kingdom 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1157: 1138: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1106: 1099:United Kingdom 1096: 1095: 1094: 1086: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1071: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1044: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1006: 1005: 1004: 999: 994: 984: 972: 967: 962: 961: 960: 950: 945: 940: 939: 938: 933: 918: 917: 912: 911: 908: 907: 904: 903: 898: 893: 892: 891: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 844: 839: 832: 827: 822: 820:Cross-dressing 817: 815:Cisnormativity 812: 807: 802: 797: 789: 786: 785: 782: 781: 778: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 756: 755: 745: 740: 735: 730: 725: 715: 713: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 680:Awareness Week 672: 671: 668: 667: 664: 663: 660: 659: 654: 653: 652: 647: 637: 632: 627: 626: 625: 620: 615: 610: 603:Discrimination 600: 599: 598: 575: 574: 573: 572: 567: 565:Bathroom bills 559: 554: 553: 552: 547: 537: 532: 525: 524: 519: 514: 507: 506: 501: 496: 490: 484: 483: 480: 479: 476: 475: 474: 473: 461: 454: 449: 444: 435: 434: 427: 420: 419: 418: 415:male-to-female 411: 408:female-to-male 395: 394: 387: 386: 385: 380: 366: 365: 362:Sex assignment 358: 357: 356: 342: 334: 328: 327: 324: 323: 320: 319: 314: 313: 312: 305: 295: 294: 293: 286: 279: 269: 264: 263: 262: 257: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 218: 213: 204: 199: 189: 184: 177: 176: 175: 165: 160: 155: 150: 143: 136: 130: 125: 124: 121: 120: 118: 117: 112: 107: 101: 98: 97: 79: 78: 72: 71: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9544: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9437: 9436: 9427: 9425: 9424: 9413: 9412: 9409: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9342: 9340: 9336: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9324:Transmisogyny 9322: 9320: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9244: 9242: 9238: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9210: 9207: 9206: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9154: 9152: 9150: 9146: 9142: 9136: 9133: 9130: 9128: 9125: 9124: 9121: 9117: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9011: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8986: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8956: 8954: 8952: 8948: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8897: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8884: 8881: 8880: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8857: 8854: 8853: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8833: 8831: 8827: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8792: 8790: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8774: 8771: 8770: 8767: 8763: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8743:Rainbow Night 8741: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8723: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8713: 8711: 8709: 8705: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8663: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8616:Cadet scandal 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8606: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8596: 8594: 8592: 8588: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8564: 8559: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8543: 8540: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8532:Ancient Egypt 8530: 8528: 8525: 8524: 8522: 8518: 8512: 8511: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8461: 8459: 8457: 8456:LGBTQ history 8453: 8449: 8445: 8440: 8436: 8422: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8402:Straight ally 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8362: 8361: 8357: 8355: 8354: 8350: 8349: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8332:Hermaphrodite 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8297:Gender binary 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8147: 8146:Demisexuality 8144: 8142: 8139: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8125: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8105: 8103: 8101: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8088: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7968: 7965: 7964: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7946: 7943: 7942: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7905:Gender bender 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7875: 7871: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7851: 7848: 7844: 7830: 7827: 7823: 7820: 7819: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7739:Pink triangle 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7712: 7708: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7689: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7624:Organizations 7622: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7561: 7558: 7557: 7556: 7553: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7540: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7497: 7494: 7493: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7483: 7480: 7476: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7458: 7454: 7444: 7443:Transfeminism 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7433:Queer studies 7431: 7429: 7426: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7408: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7383: 7380: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7365: 7362: 7358: 7354: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7323: 7318: 7316: 7311: 7309: 7304: 7303: 7300: 7294: 7290: 7287: 7284: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7265: 7259: 7255: 7250: 7246: 7240: 7236: 7230: 7226: 7220: 7217:. Routledge. 7216: 7211: 7207: 7201: 7197: 7196: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7175:(in German). 7174: 7169: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7139: 7135: 7129: 7125: 7121: 7118:. Routledge. 7117: 7116: 7110: 7106: 7100: 7096: 7092: 7091: 7086: 7085: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7048: 7044: 7036: 7031: 7027: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6996: 6992: 6988: 6984: 6980: 6976: 6972: 6967: 6963: 6959: 6955: 6949: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6930: 6925: 6921: 6915: 6911: 6910: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6876: 6872: 6871: 6863: 6858: 6854: 6848: 6844: 6839: 6835: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6816: 6812: 6805: 6804: 6798: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6773: 6767: 6763: 6757: 6753: 6748: 6744: 6738: 6734: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6712: 6706: 6701: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6679: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6663: 6659: 6655: 6651: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6612: 6608: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6595: 6589: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6536: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6502: 6498: 6492: 6488: 6487: 6479: 6474: 6473: 6451: 6447: 6441: 6425: 6421: 6415: 6400: 6396: 6390: 6382: 6376: 6369: 6365: 6364: 6357: 6355: 6346: 6340: 6325: 6321: 6314: 6299: 6295: 6288: 6272: 6268: 6262: 6246: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6217: 6211: 6196: 6192: 6185: 6169: 6165: 6159: 6144: 6140: 6133: 6131: 6114: 6110: 6104: 6088: 6084: 6078: 6062: 6058: 6052: 6037: 6033: 6026: 6011: 6007: 6000: 5985: 5981: 5974: 5968:, p. 17. 5967: 5962: 5955: 5953: 5946: 5939: 5934: 5919: 5915: 5908: 5901: 5896: 5889: 5884: 5877: 5872: 5864: 5860: 5856: 5849: 5841: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5815: 5808: 5800: 5799: 5794: 5788: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5763: 5758: 5751: 5746: 5740: 5735: 5728: 5723: 5715: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5674: 5658: 5654: 5648: 5641: 5636: 5629: 5624: 5617: 5612: 5605: 5600: 5584: 5580: 5579: 5571: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5543: 5535: 5531: 5524: 5522: 5505: 5501: 5495: 5480: 5477:(in German). 5476: 5472: 5465: 5463: 5455: 5450: 5444:, p. 43. 5443: 5438: 5431: 5426: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5397: 5381:(in Croatian) 5380: 5376: 5370: 5355:(in Croatian) 5354: 5350: 5344: 5329:(in Croatian) 5328: 5324: 5318: 5303:(in Croatian) 5302: 5298: 5292: 5277:(in Croatian) 5276: 5272: 5266: 5251:(in Croatian) 5250: 5246: 5240: 5225:(in Croatian) 5224: 5220: 5214: 5199:(in Croatian) 5198: 5194: 5188: 5173:(in Croatian) 5172: 5168: 5162: 5147:(in Croatian) 5146: 5142: 5136: 5121:(in Croatian) 5120: 5116: 5110: 5102: 5096: 5088: 5082: 5075: 5070: 5063: 5058: 5051: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5034: 5029: 5022: 5021:Corredor 2019 5017: 5009: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4996: 4980: 4976: 4970: 4962: 4958: 4952: 4936: 4930: 4922: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4893: 4878: 4871: 4856: 4852: 4846: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4810: 4805: 4789: 4785: 4779: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4745: 4742:(in German). 4741: 4737: 4730: 4723: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4698: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4664: 4648: 4644: 4637: 4635: 4627: 4622: 4615: 4610: 4602: 4596: 4581: 4577: 4571: 4563: 4559: 4554: 4553:11250/2682420 4549: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4521: 4515: 4509:, p. 15. 4508: 4503: 4497:, p. 13. 4496: 4491: 4484: 4479: 4472: 4471:Corredor 2019 4467: 4451: 4447: 4442: 4435: 4428: 4423: 4416: 4414: 4407: 4400: 4395: 4393: 4385: 4384:Corredor 2019 4380: 4378: 4370: 4365: 4363: 4347: 4343: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4318: 4313: 4307:, p. 76. 4306: 4301: 4294: 4293:Corredor 2019 4289: 4287: 4280:, p. 16. 4279: 4274: 4267: 4262: 4247:. 27 May 2021 4246: 4240: 4225:. 7 June 2023 4224: 4220: 4214: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4185: 4177: 4169: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4134: 4127: 4122: 4116:, p. 10. 4115: 4110: 4108: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4083: 4076: 4071: 4069: 4061: 4056: 4054: 4045: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4030: 4022: 4020: 4018: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3964: 3962: 3954: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3937: 3936:Corredor 2019 3932: 3930: 3928: 3920: 3915: 3909:, p. 14. 3908: 3903: 3901: 3894:, p. 42. 3893: 3888: 3886: 3879: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3834: 3826: 3824: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3752: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3689: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3619: 3612: 3605: 3604:Corredor 2019 3600: 3594:, p. 12. 3593: 3588: 3586: 3574: 3568: 3566: 3557: 3550: 3543: 3541: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3501: 3496: 3494: 3486: 3481: 3479: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3451: 3435: 3431: 3425: 3423: 3415: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3399:, p. 11. 3398: 3393: 3385: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3352: 3347: 3340: 3338: 3322: 3318: 3311: 3304: 3299: 3284: 3280: 3274: 3272: 3265:, p. 23. 3264: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3245: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3174: 3169: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3126: 3119: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3099: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2997: 2990: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2980:Pride Marches 2977: 2976:family values 2973: 2969: 2959: 2946: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2913:Latin America 2910: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2873:United States 2870: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2844: 2837:North America 2834: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2790:plots during 2788: 2784: 2780: 2775: 2773: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2685: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2674:Freedom Party 2671: 2667: 2657: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2642: 2639: 2638:gender binary 2635: 2634: 2629: 2625: 2615: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2603:Eszter Kováts 2601:According to 2594: 2591: 2587: 2586:Demo für Alle 2583: 2579: 2578:Demo für Alle 2575: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2542: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2513: 2508: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2450: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2435: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2403:In 2017, the 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2384:In 2012, the 2377: 2375: 2374:Supreme Court 2371: 2361: 2359: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2314:transnational 2311: 2310:Latin America 2303: 2298: 2289: 2286: 2282: 2281:Judith Butler 2277: 2275: 2271: 2268: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2252: 2250: 2240: 2238: 2235:class at the 2234: 2229: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2217:Judith Butler 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:welfare state 2170: 2166: 2162: 2161:neoliberalism 2158: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2117: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2081: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2061: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2039: 2036:—as a direct 2035: 2031: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1976: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1896: 1886: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1875:anti-feminist 1872: 1868: 1867:sex education 1864: 1863:anti-bullying 1860: 1856: 1853:, especially 1852: 1849:, as well as 1848: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1796: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1780: 1773: 1769: 1768:Gabriele Kuby 1765: 1761: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1720: 1718: 1717:Judith Butler 1713: 1707: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1668: 1666: 1665:complementary 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1643:anti-abortion 1640: 1639: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1615:and the 1995 1614: 1610: 1606: 1596: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1564:gender theory 1561: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1536: 1534: 1530: 1529:anti-feminism 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1493: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1375: 1370: 1359: 1354: 1352: 1347: 1345: 1340: 1339: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1321: 1311: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1298: 1296: 1295: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1203: 1202:United States 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1154: 1149: 1146: 1145: 1143: 1142: 1132: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1116:United States 1114: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073:South Africa 1072: 1070: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1007: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 989: 988: 985: 981: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 959: 956: 955: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 937: 934: 932: 929: 928: 927: 924: 923: 921: 915: 910: 909: 902: 901:Transmisogyny 899: 897: 894: 890: 887: 886: 885: 884:Transfeminism 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 869:Postgenderism 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 849: 845: 843: 840: 837: 833: 831: 830:Gender binary 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 795: 791: 790: 784: 783: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 754: 751: 750: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 726: 724: 721: 720: 718: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 677: 675: 666: 665: 658: 655: 651: 648: 646: 643: 642: 641: 638: 636: 633: 631: 628: 624: 623:Transmisogyny 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 605: 604: 601: 597: 583: 582: 581: 578: 577: 571: 568: 566: 563: 562: 560: 558: 555: 551: 550:United States 548: 546: 543: 542: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 527: 523: 520: 518: 517:Organizations 515: 513: 510: 509: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 491: 488: 482: 481: 471: 467: 466: 465: 462: 459: 458:Voice therapy 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 442: 438: 437: 432: 428: 425: 421: 416: 412: 409: 405: 404: 402: 398: 397: 392: 388: 384: 383:masculinizing 381: 379: 376: 375: 373: 369: 368: 363: 359: 354: 350: 349: 347: 343: 340: 339:Gender clinic 336: 335: 331: 326: 325: 318: 315: 311: 310: 306: 304: 301: 300: 299: 296: 292: 291: 287: 285: 284: 280: 278: 275: 274: 273: 270: 268: 265: 261: 258: 256: 255: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 223: 219: 217: 214: 211: 210: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 194: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 182: 178: 174: 171: 170: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 158:Gender bender 156: 154: 151: 149: 148: 144: 142: 141: 137: 135: 132: 131: 128: 123: 122: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 102: 100: 99: 81: 80: 77: 74: 73: 69: 65: 64: 58: 54: 50: 45: 41: 37: 36:Postgenderism 33: 19: 9433: 9414: 9314:Riddle scale 9282:Heterosexism 9256: 9221:Queerbaiting 9076:Neuroscience 9066:Kinsey scale 9041:Demographics 8738:Rainbow wave 8720: 8708:21st century 8660: 8603: 8591:20th century 8563:19th century 8547:Ancient Rome 8508: 8358: 8351: 8317:Gender roles 8257:Detransition 8230: / 8131:Aromanticism 7649:Pride parade 7577:Gay-friendly 7438:Queer theory 7253: 7234: 7214: 7194: 7176: 7172: 7164: 7146: 7142: 7114: 7089: 7055: 7051: 7042: 7007: 7003: 6974: 6970: 6935: 6908: 6874: 6868: 6842: 6823: 6802: 6776: 6770: 6751: 6732: 6718:(1): 35–52. 6715: 6709: 6690: 6686: 6657: 6653: 6631: 6627: 6598: 6592: 6567: 6561: 6542: 6538: 6509: 6505: 6485: 6454:. 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