Garret Hobart - Knowledge

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cannot be coined out of 53 cents worth of silver plus a legislative fiat. Such a debasement of our currency would inevitably produce incalculable loss, appalling disaster, and National dishonor." McKinley was not as strong a supporter of the gold standard as Hobart and considered modifying some of Hobart's expressed views on the gold standard before the acceptance was printed for public distribution. Hobart insisted on it being printed without change, writing, "I think I know the sentiment of Eastern men better than you can, and with this knowledge and my convictions I must retain the statements as I have written them." According to Connolly, "Though a protectionist, Hobart believed the money issue, not tariffs, led to a November Republican victory, and, in denouncing silver, his rhetoric far outstripped William McKinley."

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corporate lawyer, fit that requirement perfectly". Although a Hobart nomination had been talked about at least since Griggs' victory the previous November, Hobart expressed reluctance in a letter to his wife from the convention: "It looks to me I will be nominated for Vice-President whether I want it or not, and as I get nearer to the point where I may, I am dismayed at the thought ... If I want a nomination, everything is going my way. But when I realize all that it means in work, worry, and loss of home and bliss, I am overcome, so overcome I am simply miserable." Despite Hobart's expressed hesitation, he was welcomed home by a crowd of 15,000 at the Paterson Armory. City officials, feeling they had insufficient fireworks to properly honor Hobart, obtained more from New York City.

888:; his campaign was managed by Hobart. The election of New Jersey's first Republican governor since the 1860s led to speculation in the newspapers that Hobart would be a candidate for vice president. New Jersey Republicans were anxious to nominate Hobart, both to see one of their own possibly elevated to national office, and in the hope that having Hobart on the national ticket would boost the Republican vote in New Jersey. Hobart was an attractive candidate as he was from a swing state, and the Griggs victory showed that Republicans could hope to win New Jersey's electoral votes, which they had not done since 1872. Another reason for a Hobart selection was his wealth; he could be expected to spend abundantly on his own campaign. 1164:, had health issues, and could not stand the strain of the required official entertaining. Jennie Hobart often substituted for the first lady at receptions and other events, and also was a close companion, visiting her daily. The Hobarts and McKinleys visited each other's home without formality; according to Jennie Hobart, writing in 1930, "it was an intimate friendliness that no vice president and his wife, before or since, have had the privilege of sharing with their chief administrator." The Hobarts often entertained at their house, which was useful to McKinley, who could attend and meet informally with congressmen without placing strain on his wife with a White House function. McKinley, who had become insolvent while 33: 1072:; unlike McKinley he also addressed rallies. In October, he made a short tour of New Jersey to campaign, expressing relief to his wife when it came to a close. On November 3, 1896, the voters cast their ballots in most states; a nervous Hobart spent the day at his office. Special telegraph wires had been attached to his home; at 8:30 in the evening, they conveyed the news to him that McKinley and Hobart had won. The Republican ticket won New Jersey, together with the entire Northeast. The following week, Vice President-elect Hobart attended Rutgers' 130th-anniversary celebrations as guest of honor. The member of the Class of 1863 was now Rutgers' most prominent graduate. 1205:

legislation. Hobart was initially diffident in his role, feeling himself unproven beside longtime national legislators, but soon gained self-confidence, writing in a letter that "I find that I am as good and as capable as any of them. If they know a whole lot of things I don't know, I also know a whole lot of things they don't know. And there is a common humanity running through them all that makes us all as one, after all." Hobart was so successful at guiding the administration's legislative agenda through the Senate that he became known as the "assistant President".

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represented everything Progressives hated: a railroad advocate when railroads became America's most mistrusted industry, a corporate attorney who facilitated the agglomeration of capital when the public revolted against monopolies and trusts, a financial operator who used his political insight to capture lucrative business opportunities, and a national leader who moved easily between the worlds of political pull and economic power. As much as Hanna or any Gilded Age business-politician, Hobart symbolized the era.

8482: 7805: 730:, who later recalled, "When this attractive young law student appeared in our home I, then a young girl in my teens, unexpectedly played a rôle of importance by losing my heart to him". They were married on July 21, 1869. The Hobarts had long been Democrats; Garret Hobart's marriage into the Republican Tuttle family converted him. The Hobarts had four children, two of whom survived infancy. One daughter, Fannie, died in 1895; Hobart's son, Garret Jr. survived him. 4017: 849: 1113: 1343: 755: 1362:. Although David Magie, writing in 1910, stated that Hobart's death "fixed his memory at the height of his fame", the former vice president today is little remembered. To date, the only in-depth biographies of Hobart are the one written in 1910 by Magie, as well as a 1930 memoir written by Hobart's wife Jennie on the couple's life in Washington D.C. According to Hatfield, he is best known for his death, clearing the way for the ascent of 999: 580: 4037: 1250: 799:, in his book on American vice presidents, suggests that these qualities would have made Hobart successful in Washington, D.C. had he run for Congress. Hatfield states that the reason why Hobart chose not to move from state to national politics prior to 1896 was a reluctance to leave a comfortable life and successful law practice in Paterson. Instead, Hobart continued to involve himself in party politics; he was widely regarded as 678: 1081: 4027: 1386: 1209: 783:—until 1913, senators were elected by state legislatures. As the Democrats were in the majority, the nomination was a way of honoring Hobart for his political service. When he was asked his feelings about the nomination, he responded, "I do not worry about things that do not come my way." The complimentary nomination would prove to be Hobart's only electoral defeat. 2956: 838: 1094:

be highly ridiculous for me to resign from the different companies in which I am officer and a stockholder whose interests are not in the least affected, or likely to be, by my position as Vice President." On March 2, 1897, Hobart and his family left Paterson to travel to Washington by special train. On March 4, he was inaugurated as vice president in the

1237:(it was, the following year) and Hobart resigned as arbiter in November 1897. Hobart was a major investor in the Ramapo Water Company; he had interests in many New York and New Jersey water utilities. In mid-1899, there was controversy over the so-called "Ramapo Scheme", whereby the Ramapo Water Company, which owned large tracts of land in the 792:

bankrupt railroads, reorganizing them and restoring them to fiscal health. He often invested heavily in them; Hobart's success made him wealthy. In addition to the railroads for which he served as a receiver, he served as president of the Paterson Railway Company, which ran the city's streetcars, and as a board member for other railroads.

1315:, Hobart returned to Paterson in September. On November 1, 1899, the government announced that Hobart would not return to public life. His condition deteriorated rapidly, and he died on November 21, 1899, at age 55. President McKinley told the family, "No one outside of this home feels this loss more deeply than I do." 1325:, ordered that state buildings be draped in mourning for 30 days, and that flags be flown at half staff until Hobart's funeral. Hobart's home, Carroll Hall, was opened to the public for four hours so that citizens might pass by his open casket; 12,000 people did so. Hobart was laid to rest at 1298:

that McKinley wanted him to resign; the secretary had previously ignored or misunderstood repeated hints from McKinley. According to McKinley biographer Margaret Leech, "the president did not show his usual hypersensitive regard for other people's feelings in handing over to a sick man a disagreeable

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By late 1898, Hobart was ill with a serious heart ailment, which he at first concealed from the public. He continued his responsibilities in the U.S. Senate, but nearly collapsed after delivering an address closing the session. He accompanied the president on a vacation trip to Hanna's winter home in

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The vice president had in recent administrations been considered a relatively low-level political functionary, whose activities were generally limited to the constitutional function of presiding over the Senate. Hobart, however, became a close adviser to McKinley and his Cabinet members, although he

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Hobart spent much of the four months between election and inauguration reading about the vice presidency, preparing for the move, and winding down some business affairs. He did not, however, resign from the boards of corporations which would not have business before the federal government. "It would

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On the other hand, the adjoining state of New Jersey submitted an eligible candidate in Mr. Garret A. Hobart, who had done much to strengthen the Republican party in his own neighborhood. Mr. Hobart was well known to Mr. Hanna, and in all probability, his nomination had been scheduled for some time.

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acknowledged that "he has actually appeared in court a smaller number of times than, perhaps, any lawyer in Passaic County". Hobart's real work was in advising corporations how to accomplish their aims, yet remain within the law. He also had a lucrative business acting as court-appointed receiver of

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One post which Hobart refused to relinquish upon his inauguration was his position as one of three Joint Traffic Association (JTA) arbiters. The association was a group of railroads which sought to coordinate rates; if two railroads applied rates in different ways, the matter was settled by Hobart

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Not for himself, but for our state; not for his ambition, but to give to the Nation the highest type of public official do we come to this convention, by the command of our state and in the name of the Republican Party of New Jersey—unconquered and unconquerable, undivided and indivisible—with our

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president than his predecessors had been. It was customary for the vice president not to rule on disputed points, but to submit them to a vote. Hobart, with his experience as a presiding officer in the New Jersey Legislature, took a more assertive role, ruling on disputes, and trying to expedite

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was then known. The asking price was $ 10,000 per year; the vice president bargained Cameron down to $ 8,000, equal to the vice-presidential salary, by suggesting that the public might assume he stole the excess. Among the frequent visitors at what came to be known as the "Cream White House" was

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Hobart was a strong supporter of the gold standard; and insisted on it remaining a major part of the Republican campaign even in the face of Bryan's surge. In his speech responding to the formal notification of his convention victory, Hobart stated, "An honest dollar, worth 100 cents everywhere,

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from Passaic County's third legislative district. He was easily elected, winning nearly two-thirds of the vote. At the time, members of the General Assembly were elected annually, and Hobart was successful in winning re-election the following year, although his margin of victory was cut in half.

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The mausoleum over Hobart's grave was erected in 1901. His wife purchased eleven plots adjoining the family plot to accommodate the structure. The building has massive marble columns in the front with a heavy metal door; on the back above the sarcophagus is a stained glass window. There are two

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McKinley was nominated for president on the first ballot. Hobart described his subsequent first-ballot nomination for vice president as a tribute from his friends, but Hatfield noted, "it came equally as a tribute from wanted a ticket to satisfy the business interests of America, and Hobart, a

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sank in Havana harbor after an explosion. McKinley sought delay, hoping to settle the disputes peacefully, but in April 1898, Hobart told the President that the Senate would act against Spain whether McKinley liked it or not. McKinley gave in; Congress declared war on April 25, beginning the

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The public increasingly identified Republicans with the union of big business, big money, and big government, a union that ignited a Progressive reaction after 1900. Vice President Garret A. Hobart directed that union as lawyer, business receiver and director, and New Jersey Republican. He

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was firmly for the gold standard, a stance which bitterly divided the Democratic Party. Most Republicans were for the gold standard, though some, mostly from the West, were "Silver Republicans". The Democrats in early July nominated for president an eloquent silver supporter, former

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seat for Passaic County. He was elected to a three-year term and he was re-elected in 1879. In 1881 and 1882, he served as President of the state Senate, becoming the first man to lead both houses of the legislature. In 1883, he was the Republican nominee in the election for

1241:, would sell New York City $ 5 million in water per year for 40 years at high rates. The proposal was never agreed to, and a Republican-controlled investigating committee found no wrongdoing, but Hobart's role in the company was widely discussed in the press. 1308:, a New York City-based newspaper at the time, attributed Alger's resignation to Hobart's "crystal insight" and "velvet tact". Following the description, Hobart wrote to McKinley, "My 'crystal insight' is still clear, but the nap is slightly worn off my velvet tact". 786:

Hobart said of his involvement in public affairs, "I make politics my recreation." He devoted most of his time to a law practice which according to Hobart's legislative biography was highly profitable. He was rarely seen in a courtroom; his official biography for the

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in Paterson after a large public funeral, attended by President McKinley and many high government officials. Although the large government delegation precluded many local residents from attending the service, a crowd of 50,000 came to Paterson to honor Hobart.

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Hobart significantly expanded the powers of the vice presidency, becoming a presidential adviser, and taking a leadership role as president of the Senate. Between his advisory and leadership roles, he was perhaps the most influential vice president since

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Socrates Tuttle was influential in Paterson, which worked to Hobart's advantage. According to a 2010 article about Hobart, the future vice president "benefited greatly from Tuttle's beneficence". In 1866, the year he became a lawyer, Hobart was appointed

975:. McKinley drove Hobart to the Ohioan's home, where Hobart followed McKinley in speaking to a delegation which had arrived to greet the presidential candidate. Hobart only remained in Canton a few hours before returning east. According to Hobart's 982:

and biographer David Magie, Hobart made the trip "to pay his respects to the head of the ticket and to consult with him upon important matters". McKinley biographer Margaret Leech recorded that the two men were friends almost as soon as they met.

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Hobart initially attended his father's school in Long Branch. The family moved to Marlboro in the early 1850s, where he attended the village school. Childhood tales of the future vice president describe him as an excellent student in both day and

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Hobart was constant in his attendance at the Senate; one onlooker called him a "chronic audience". Vice President Hobart cast his tie-breaking vote only once, using it to defeat an amendment which would have promised self-government to the

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Through late 1897 and early 1898, many Americans called for the United States to intervene in Cuba, then a Spanish colony revolting against the mother country. These calls greatly increased in February 1898, when the American battleship

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failed to understand that McKinley wanted him to leave office. Hobart invited Alger to his New Jersey summer home and broke the news to the secretary, who submitted his resignation to McKinley on his return to Washington. Hobart died of

5893: 5888: 653:. Hobart graduated at age 15. His parents felt he was too young to attend college, so he remained at home for a year, where he studied and worked part-time at the Bradevelt School, the same institution that employed his father. 1176:

wrote of Hobart in 1922, "for the first time in my recollection, and the last for that matter, the Vice President was recognized as somebody, as a part of the Administration, and as a part of the body over which he presided".

877:. Hanna was one of McKinley's principal backers. Garret Hobart evaded the question, but Jennie Hobart believed the conversation to have been the first of a chain of events which elevated her husband to national office. 6546: 1404:

What he did was done not by force of position, but by force of character, his rare tact, his extraordinary common sense, and the impression of sincerity he created upon every man with whom he was brought in

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sarcophagi in the center of the building, for Garret Hobart and his wife. Around the tomb are niches for other members of the family. At the time of construction in 1901, the mausoleum cost about $ 80,000.

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in June with "a popular, experienced candidate, a respected vice-presidential nominee, and an attractive platform". Many Republicans were convinced the election would be fought over the issue of

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It was practically announced early in June. He was a lawyer and a businessman with an exclusively local reputation; and if he did little to strengthen the ticket he did nothing to weaken it.

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As vice president, Hobart proved a popular figure in Washington and was a close adviser to McKinley. Hobart's tact and good humor were valuable to the President, as in mid-1899 when

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united voices speaking for all that counts for good citizenship in our state, and nominate to you for the office of Vice-President of the Republic, Garret A. Hobart of New Jersey.

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task which it was his own duty to perform." Hobart invited Alger to Long Branch for the weekend, and broke the news, and Alger promptly submitted his resignation to McKinley.

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One reason for Hobart's success in both the private and public sectors was his genial personality. He worked well with others and was noted for tact and charm. Senator

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The president and vice president were already friends from the campaign; after the inauguration, a close relationship grew between the two men and their wives. The

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resort. Doctors prescribed complete rest, and the vice president amused himself by feeding two pet fish, a gold one named McKinley and a silver one named Bryan.

660:. In 1863, he graduated third in his class. Throughout his adult life, Hobart was a generous donor to Rutgers, and was awarded an honorary degree after becoming 8506: 7664: 7619: 7354: 7254: 3508: 1425: 1394: 8930: 8890: 7694: 7614: 7569: 7519: 7489: 7389: 7314: 7274: 1173: 904: 9036: 7629: 7594: 7484: 7434: 7424: 7319: 7284: 7259: 7164: 7049: 6760: 3456: 8996: 8186: 8031: 8021: 7866: 7856: 7559: 7554: 7539: 7524: 7504: 7349: 7279: 7224: 7154: 7119: 7034: 6498: 695:

After graduating from Rutgers, Hobart worked briefly as a teacher to repay loans. Although Hobart was young and in good health, he did not serve in the

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and returned to Washington, D.C.. By April 1899, Hobart's illness was well known, though Hanna assured media that Hobart would be on the ticket in the

903:, McKinley's hometown, en route to the convention in St. Louis. Jones wrote that the future vice president was selected several days in advance, after 810:

in his lifetime. He was chairman of the New Jersey Republican Committee from 1880 to 1891, resigning the position as he became more deeply involved in

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predicted, "Garret A. Hobart will not be seen or heard until, after four years, he emerges from the impenetrable vacuum of the Vice Presidency."

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turned down the nomination. Croly asserted that McKinley and Hanna desired an easterner on the ticket to balance it and boost support in the

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Hanna, by then a senator, who would come by for breakfast and talk with the vice president until it was time for both to go to the Senate.

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and then ultimately to New Jersey. When Addison and Sophia Hobart married in 1841, they moved to Long Branch, where Addison founded an

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had led to hard times in the United States, and the effects were still felt in 1896. One proposal to cure the economic malaise was "

9001: 8531: 8527: 8523: 6508: 6340: 6335: 6077: 3650: 1814: 1813:, who was also elected with 271 electoral votes. Candidates required 224 electoral votes for a majority. For the popular vote, see 1797: 1274: 862:, in her memoirs, traced her suspicions that her husband might be a vice presidential contender to a lunch she had with him at the 853: 823: 788: 9056: 8051: 7584: 6854: 6330: 5539: 5384: 4936: 4184: 1053:

at the convention catapulted him to the nomination. The selection of Bryan prompted a wave of popular support for the Democrats.

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Film of the 1897 inauguration with later audio commentary; Hobart appears, and commented on briefly, beginning at 0:38 mark.

7896: 6899: 4100: 3330: 930:, instead of McKinley, giving the state the vice-presidential nomination would be an unmerited reward. According to Croly, 398: 8626: 8547: 6092: 4925: 4904: 4884: 4864: 4844: 4824: 4804: 4784: 4764: 4744: 4724: 4704: 4684: 4664: 4644: 4624: 4604: 4584: 4564: 4544: 4524: 4504: 4484: 4464: 4444: 4424: 4404: 4384: 4364: 4340: 4327: 4314: 4301: 4288: 4275: 4262: 4249: 4236: 4223: 4210: 4197: 4171: 4158: 3696: 3553: 2908: 896: 661: 522: 452: 52: 9031: 7871: 6954: 6433: 6198: 5783: 5754: 5026: 1809:

for president but the two parties chose different vice presidential candidates. Hobart's presidential running mate was

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For the six-year term beginning March 4, 1883. McPherson was elected on the first ballot; 41 votes needed for election.

1230: 1129: 2972:"'I Make Politics My Recreation': Vice President Garret A. Hobart and Nineteenth Century Republican Business Politics" 8635: 7214: 7009: 6909: 6571: 6375: 6167: 5649: 5002: 4966: 1881: 1370: 1140:, who was retiring from office at the time of Hobart's inauguration, offered them the lease of the house he owned at 568: 1711:

1883 United States Senate election in New Jersey – by the New Jersey Legislature in joint session – January 24, 1883

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affairs. He was New Jersey's representative on the national committee after 1884, and rose to become vice chairman.

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During his vice presidency, Hobart was asked to select a sculptor to create a marble bust of his likeness for the

435: 6218: 6132: 6097: 5050: 5008: 4984: 4978: 3726: 1157: 536:, decided to have the convention select Hobart. The vice presidential candidate emulated his running mate with a 3053: 1132:, which was the Washington, D.C. home to many political men of the era, including Hanna. Soon, however, Senator 6438: 6172: 6087: 6037: 5744: 4990: 4960: 4139: 1292: 807: 548: 645:, and a leader in boyhood sports. Recognizing his abilities, his father sent him to a well-regarded school in 8491: 8096: 6503: 6177: 6137: 6127: 6122: 6102: 6047: 6022: 5479: 5014: 4948: 3586: 2224: 2222: 811: 614: 479: 3269:

David, Paul T. (November 1967). "The Vice Presidency: Its Institutional Evolution and Contemporary Status".

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Memorial Addresses on the Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart, Late Vice President of the United States

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In 1874, still only age 30, he was voted Speaker of the Assembly. In 1876, he was nominated for the

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taught Hobart the law and helped advance his political career; in 1869, Hobart married Tuttle's daughter

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magazine cartoon showing Republicans following the path of the gold standard, which President

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On June 30, 1896, Hobart journeyed by train to Canton, where he was met at the station by his

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A statue of Hobart, erected in 1903, stands outside Paterson's city hall. The communities of

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interrupted them to ask what Garret Hobart thought of the possible presidential candidacy of

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for strategy meetings. The vice-presidential candidate emulated McKinley in giving speeches

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Hobart's condition worsened in the days following Alger's visit, and he became bedridden.

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Roosevelt, Hobart's successor, praised Hobart. The day after Hobart's death, he stated:

895:, Hobart, an early supporter of McKinley, helped ensure New Jersey's support for him at 866:

in New York City, in March 1895. During the meal, industrialist and future U.S. Senator

8908: 8710: 8700: 8605: 8441: 8396: 8321: 8201: 8146: 8086: 8056: 7986: 7369: 7134: 6949: 6939: 6626: 6621: 6596: 6395: 6260: 5689: 5629: 5519: 5414: 5396: 5372: 5294: 5139: 5121: 4318: 4309: 4231: 4120: 4115: 4105: 3948: 3870: 3852: 3816: 3738: 3665: 3657: 3563: 3294: 3286: 3218: 3117: 3028: 2324: 2306: 1418: 1414: 1366: 1291:

Despite his vice president's ill health, McKinley called upon him to break the news to

1238: 1100: 948: 657: 564: 483: 97: 7814: 4162: 3001: 8817: 8436: 8426: 8421: 8391: 8381: 8371: 8356: 8311: 8306: 8296: 8286: 8271: 8211: 8101: 8076: 7966: 7951: 7916: 7901: 7886: 7845: 7779: 7734: 7729: 7714: 7649: 7449: 7384: 7209: 6919: 6904: 6894: 6736: 6676: 6636: 6611: 6405: 5739: 5714: 5694: 5644: 5619: 5599: 5589: 5549: 5524: 5426: 5324: 5187: 5175: 5163: 5145: 5109: 4972: 4748: 4728: 4712: 4692: 4612: 4492: 4388: 4279: 4266: 4244: 4240: 4166: 3960: 3924: 3894: 3840: 3822: 3606: 3578: 3546: 3526: 3433: 3298: 3248: 3224: 3214: 3200: 3177: 3164: 3157: 3124: 3101: 3084: 3062: 3035: 3007: 1732: 1182: 1133: 1013: 775: 634: 560: 515: 187: 105: 85: 3375: 3313:. Charlottesville, Va.: Miller Center (University of Virginia). 2011. Archived from 8792: 8786: 8781: 8695: 8678: 8565: 8471: 8351: 8341: 8326: 8301: 8221: 8206: 8166: 8161: 8151: 8026: 7981: 7961: 7689: 7659: 7459: 7414: 7309: 6999: 6989: 6706: 6696: 6666: 6641: 6616: 6601: 5768: 5763: 5674: 5594: 5569: 5559: 5432: 5342: 5205: 5181: 5133: 5097: 4412: 4348: 4335: 4305: 4292: 4214: 4201: 3912: 3900: 3882: 3864: 3774: 3768: 3750: 3714: 3596: 3442: 3278: 3049: 2983: 2961: 1876: 1810: 1776: 1410: 1359: 1229:

and two other arbiters. Hobart heard appeals while vice president. An October 1897

1165: 1125: 1037: 1009: 922:, then the largest state in population. As many New York delegates supported their 919: 874: 871: 526: 456: 402: 382: 73: 8827: 8807: 8776: 8715: 8466: 8446: 8416: 8401: 8386: 8366: 8361: 8316: 8276: 8261: 8241: 8141: 8011: 8001: 7976: 7719: 7564: 7429: 7329: 7079: 7029: 6959: 6804: 6741: 6686: 6671: 6656: 6651: 6606: 6591: 6581: 5847: 5778: 5699: 5639: 5534: 5529: 5514: 5509: 5494: 5336: 5318: 5306: 5300: 5259: 5211: 5157: 4608: 4528: 4512: 4508: 4488: 4408: 4392: 4253: 4205: 4188: 4179: 4175: 3930: 3906: 3876: 3804: 3792: 3780: 3744: 3536: 3466: 3137: 2032: 1695: 1318: 1004: 976: 723:

in 1866; he became a counsellor-at-law in 1871 and a master in chancery in 1872.

700: 685: 499: 387: 140: 5818: 1526:

New Jersey General Assembly – Passaic County, Third District – November 4, 1873.

1471:

New Jersey General Assembly – Passaic County, Third District – November 5, 1872.

726:

In addition to learning law from Tuttle, Hobart fell in love with his daughter,

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businessman, politician, and political operative prior to his vice presidency.

225: 8521: 8950: 8668: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8431: 8411: 8281: 8061: 7784: 7139: 7094: 7014: 6984: 6969: 6661: 6463: 5788: 5729: 5614: 5438: 5169: 4708: 4688: 4648: 4628: 4588: 4572: 4552: 4283: 4257: 4000: 3918: 3634: 2997: 2988: 1854: 1295: 1033: 1029: 1021: 892: 796: 642: 626: 622: 556: 551: 541: 2086: 2084: 2082: 918:. The conventional means of assuring this was to nominate a politician from 8846: 8835: 8705: 8642: 8595: 8346: 8336: 8331: 8246: 7759: 7749: 7589: 7289: 7054: 6716: 5808: 5803: 5724: 5704: 5659: 5609: 5579: 5544: 5468: 5450: 5235: 5223: 5115: 5103: 5091: 4908: 4888: 4868: 4218: 3810: 3472: 3088: 1285: 1161: 1137: 1061: 972: 923: 900: 800: 618: 475: 3398: 3228: 3168: 3128: 3011: 2228: 1233:

decision signaled that the JTA was likely to be found in violation of the

7956: 7774: 7724: 7644: 7229: 7149: 6554: 5827: 5822: 5813: 5798: 5773: 5759: 5624: 5420: 5330: 5229: 5127: 4848: 4832: 4828: 4812: 4792: 4668: 4652: 4632: 4532: 3982: 3942: 3936: 2079: 1218: 1149: 1025: 704: 630: 602: 3349: 2935: 1432:, and Elwell completed it in 1901. That same year, it was placed in the 1168:, turned over a portion of his presidential salary to Hobart to invest. 6726: 6701: 6691: 5749: 5719: 5679: 5564: 5253: 5247: 5217: 4892: 4872: 4752: 4732: 4472: 4468: 3994: 3966: 3762: 3720: 3708: 3290: 3245:

Realigning America: McKinley, Bryan and the Remarkable Election of 1896

867: 848: 735: 696: 606: 533: 464: 416: 1112: 5456: 4852: 4772: 3988: 2302:"New-Jersey Organizing; A Committee Of Seven To Map Out The Campaign" 1342: 1270: 1192:, and Hobart sent McKinley a pen with which to sign the declaration. 961: 754: 544:

headquarters. On November 3, 1896, McKinley and Hobart were elected.

3282: 998: 579: 6731: 6513: 5734: 5241: 4912: 4768: 4672: 4051: 3034:. American Presidency. Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas. 1249: 1042: 491: 677: 3972: 3199:(revised ed.). Kent, Ohio: The Kent State University Press. 2915: 9062:

American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law

6782: 1805:

The Democrats and People's Party (or Populists) both nominated

991:

For a fuller explanation of the currency question in 1896, see

965: 421: 3061:. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 664:, and was elected a Rutgers trustee shortly before his death. 3329: 3305: 2177: 2090: 960:

According to historian R. Hal Williams, the Republicans left

911: 455:, serving from 1897 until his death in 1899, under President 3471:. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office – via 9042:

Republican Party members of the New Jersey General Assembly

9022:

Republican Party (United States) vice presidential nominees

1385: 837: 8733: 1376:

Connolly finds Hobart to be very much a man of his times:

1208: 3449: 3277:(4). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press: 721–748. 2982:(1). Newark, N.J.: New Jersey Historical Society: 20–39. 2716: 1172:

was not called upon to attend Cabinet meetings. Reporter

715:. Hobart supported himself by working as a bank clerk in 605:; many Hobarts served as pastors. Addison Hobart came to 3695: 2745: 2743: 719:; he later became director of the same bank. Hobart was 502:. He both studied with Tuttle and married his daughter, 7844: 2784: 2782: 2653: 2132: 2028:"Five Things You Never Knew About Matawan and Aberdeen" 2813: 2811: 2809: 2643: 2641: 2285: 2283: 2281: 1426:

United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection

9027:

Republican Party vice presidents of the United States

8987:

Chairmen of the New Jersey Republican State Committee

6556:

Chairmen of the New Jersey Republican State Committee

3220:

The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, 1897–1909

3139:

The Parties and the Men; or, Political Issues of 1896

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New Jersey Senate – Passaic County – November 4, 1879

1581:

New Jersey Senate – Passaic County – November 7, 1876

540:, and also spent considerable time at the campaign's 16:

Vice President of the United States from 1897 to 1899

3457:

Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

2951: 2835: 2779: 2391: 593:

Garret Augustus Hobart was born on June 3, 1844, in

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His place on the Republican 8507: 7830: 6768: 6540: 4067: 3681: 3357:. Oklahoma Historical Society. Archived from 2328:, September 12, 1891. Accessed March 31, 2008 1947: 1421:, are named after the former vice president. 1253:The mausoleum of Garret and Jennie Hobart at 852:A McKinley-Hobart campaign poster during the 617:. His mother was descended from 17th-century 521:He was a longtime party official; during the 1128:, the Hobarts established themselves at the 1116:McKinley (left) and Hobart, photographed in 703:, offered to take Hobart into his office to 699:. Addison Hobart's childhood friend, lawyer 250:January 14, 1873 – January 12, 1875 161:January 13, 1874 – January 12, 1875 9037:Speakers of the New Jersey General Assembly 6784:Speakers of the New Jersey General Assembly 6326:National Republican Congressional Committee 3464: 3405:. Morristown, N.J.: F. L. Lundy. p. 87 3083:. Mount Vernon, N.Y.: William Edwin Rudge. 2898: 2310:, August 25, 1880. Accessed March 31, 2008. 2061:Asbury Park Press, February 9, 1914, Page 4 828:William McKinley 1896 presidential campaign 574: 118:January 11, 1881 – January 9, 1883 8997:Republican Party New Jersey state senators 8514: 8500: 7837: 7823: 6775: 6761: 6547: 6533: 6416:High School Republican National Federation 4074: 4060: 4036: 3688: 3674: 3098:Ohio's Kingmaker: Mark Hanna, Man and Myth 1280:Hobart rented a home in his birthplace of 205:January 9, 1877 – January 9, 1883 65:March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899 31: 2987: 832: 518:, where he became its president in 1881. 9007:Politicians from Long Branch, New Jersey 8528:1896 United States presidential election 6509:Timeline of modern American conservatism 6341:Republican Attorneys General Association 6336:National Republican Senatorial Committee 3647:for Vice President of the United States 3311:American President: A Reference Resource 2862: 2856: 1815:1896 United States presidential election 1798:1896 United States presidential election 1384: 1341: 1248: 1207: 1111: 1079: 997: 968:, and they anticipated an easy victory. 847: 836: 824:1896 United States presidential election 753: 676: 578: 9052:McKinley administration cabinet members 6331:National Republican Redistricting Trust 3100:. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. 1311:After a vacation with the McKinleys on 1107: 8949: 6449:Republican National Coalition for Life 3003:Marcus Alonzo Hanna: His Life and Work 993:Cross of Gold speech § Background 9012:Politicians from Paterson, New Jersey 8732: 8495: 7818: 6756: 6528: 6391:Republican National Hispanic Assembly 4055: 3669: 9047:Vice presidents of the United States 4081: 4026: 3697:Vice presidents of the United States 3242: 3048: 2969: 2909:"Garret Augustus Hobart (1844-1899)" 2892: 2817: 2773: 2761: 2749: 2734: 2722: 2698: 2686: 2671: 2659: 2647: 2620: 2560: 2512: 2464: 2452: 2440: 2373: 2349: 2289: 2272: 2201: 2162: 2138: 2102: 2025: 1977: 1439: 1244: 9067:19th-century New Jersey politicians 9017:Presidents of the New Jersey Senate 7846:Presidents of the New Jersey Senate 3554:Vice President of the United States 3223:. New York: The Macmillan Company. 3006:. New York: The Macmillan Company. 1148:from the Executive Mansion, as the 1060:Together with Pennsylvania Senator 817: 749: 567:, who succeeded as president after 523:1896 Republican National Convention 453:vice president of the United States 53:Vice President of the United States 13: 6434:Republican Main Street Partnership 3213: 3194: 3095: 3075: 3030:The Presidency of William McKinley 2710: 2632: 2608: 2596: 2536: 2524: 2361: 2126: 2026:Neso, Chelsea (October 14, 2011). 14: 9078: 8972:19th-century American legislators 6376:Congressional Hispanic Conference 3418: 3373: 3268: 3182:. New York: G. P. Putnam and Sons 3175: 3163:. New York: Harper and Brothers. 3154: 3119:The Presidential Election of 1896 3114: 3025: 2996: 2877: 2867:. Smithsonian Books. p. 227. 2841: 2829: 2800: 2788: 2584: 2572: 2548: 2500: 2488: 2476: 2409: 2397: 2385: 2337: 2255: 2243: 2213: 2150: 2114: 2073: 2049: 2013: 2001: 1989: 1965: 1953: 1941: 1929: 1917: 8480: 7803: 6346:Republican Governors Association 4885:2020 (Charlotte/other locations) 4035: 4025: 4016: 4015: 3197:William McKinley and His America 2954: 758:Hobart at his desk, date unknown 434: 9002:People from Keyport, New Jersey 3439:Works by or about Garret Hobart 3430:Works by Garret Augustus Hobart 3135: 2847: 2421: 2313: 2295: 2055: 2019: 672: 360: 9057:Burials at Cedar Lawn Cemetery 6439:Republican Majority for Choice 6267:Steering and Policy Committees 3307:"Garret A. Hobart (1897–1899)" 3179:Life of Garret Augustus Hobart 891:According to Hanna biographer 808:Republican National Convention 1: 8967:19th-century American lawyers 6504:International Democracy Union 3587:Republican National Committee 3452:"Garret Hobart (id: H000660)" 3377:McKinley, the People's Choice 2970:Connolly, Michael J. (2010). 1900: 1200:Hobart was more assertive as 880:In November 1895, Republican 812:Republican National Committee 803:most influential Republican. 711:lawyer who had served in the 615:Marlboro Township, New Jersey 584: 38: 3399:State of New Jersey (1874). 2865:The American Vice Presidency 2320:"John Kean Elected Chairman" 1284:, which was then an upscale 951:of New Jersey, June 18, 1896 713:New Jersey state legislature 656:In 1860, Hobart enrolled at 609:, where he taught school in 463:, Hobart was an influential 331:, Paterson, New Jersey, U.S. 7: 6386:Republican Jewish Coalition 6301:Republican Governance Group 3615:New Jersey Republican Party 3499:New Jersey General Assembly 3096:Horner, William T. (2010). 1120:, during the summer of 1899 1076:Vice presidency (1897–1899) 986: 768:New Jersey General Assembly 744:Board of Chosen Freeholders 512:New Jersey General Assembly 239:from Passaic's 3rd district 235:New Jersey General Assembly 149:New Jersey General Assembly 10: 9083: 6306:Republican Study Committee 3337:. June 10, 1902. p. 2 3115:Jones, Stanley L. (1964). 1395:US. Senate Bust Collection 990: 821: 740:Passaic County, New Jersey 9032:Rutgers University alumni 8922: 8889: 8860: 8816: 8748:National Democratic Party 8746: 8728: 8688: 8651: 8618: 8583: 8556: 8539: 8478: 7852: 7801: 6790: 6562: 6481: 6444:Republican Liberty Caucus 6424: 6354: 6316: 6247: 6236: 6191: 5930: 5916: 5856: 5487: 5478: 5269: 5072: 4935: 4131: 4091: 4011: 3703: 3654: 3639: 3631: 3621: 3611: 3603: 3593: 3583: 3575: 3570: 3560: 3551: 3543: 3533: 3523: 3515: 3505: 3495: 3487: 3482: 3402:Manual of the Legislature 3374:Smith, Joseph P. (1896). 3243:Williams, R. Hal (2010). 3195:Morgan, H. Wayne (2003). 2231:Manual of the Legislature 1823: 1821: 1795: 1722: 1720: 1709: 1641: 1639: 1634: 1586: 1584: 1579: 1531: 1529: 1524: 1476: 1474: 1469: 1452: 1449: 1337: 1269:, but quickly contracted 897:the Republican convention 762:In 1872, Hobart ran as a 707:. Tuttle was a prominent 667: 442: 430: 409: 394: 378: 370: 345: 335: 324: 307: 283: 278: 274: 264: 254: 243: 231: 219: 209: 198: 185: 175: 165: 154: 146: 134: 122: 111: 103: 91: 79: 69: 58: 50: 46: 30: 23: 6214:Northern Mariana Islands 3571:Party political offices 3450:United States Congress. 3331:"Hobert's body entombed" 3155:Leech, Margaret (1959). 3026:Gould, Lewis L. (1980). 2989:10.14713/njh.v125i1.1019 2937:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma 2863:Witcover, Jules (2014). 1371:McKinley's assassination 575:Early life and education 569:McKinley's assassination 478:, and grew up in nearby 3271:The Journal of Politics 3159:In the Days of McKinley 3136:Law, Robert O. (1896). 2091:Miller Center, "Hobart" 1389:1901 bust of Hobart by 1282:Long Branch, New Jersey 1118:Long Branch, New Jersey 1002:"Pioneer Cleveland", a 595:Long Branch, New Jersey 583:Hobart as a young boy, 472:Long Branch, New Jersey 301:Long Branch, New Jersey 8798:Julius Sterling Morton 8661:William Jennings Bryan 6296:Problem Solvers Caucus 1807:William Jennings Bryan 1407: 1397: 1383: 1354: 1346:A statue of Hobart by 1261: 1235:Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1213: 1121: 1090: 1047:William Jennings Bryan 1017: 944: 937: 886:governor of New Jersey 856: 845: 833:Selection as candidate 759: 692: 590: 510:, serving in both the 449:Garret Augustus Hobart 288:Garret Augustus Hobart 8862:Socialist Labor Party 8766:Simon Bolivar Buckner 8677:Populist VP nominee: 6381:Log Cabin Republicans 3425:U.S. Senate biography 3393:garret hobart canton. 3176:Magie, David (1910). 2725:, pp. 23, 27–28. 2229:State of New Jersey, 1827:gain from Democratic 1590:gain from Democratic 1434:U.S. Capitol Building 1402: 1388: 1378: 1345: 1252: 1212:Vice President Hobart 1211: 1196:"Assistant President" 1115: 1088: 1001: 939: 932: 851: 840: 822:Further information: 801:Northern New Jersey's 757: 680: 629:, who later moved to 582: 563:in 1900 was taken by 8927:Other 1896 elections 8591:Thomas Brackett Reed 6411:Republicans Overseas 6401:Teen Age Republicans 6204:District of Columbia 4605:1964 (San Francisco) 4565:1956 (San Francisco) 4101:National Union Party 3859:Charles W. Fairbanks 3787:John C. Breckinridge 3509:George O. Vanderbilt 3465:US Congress (1900). 1352:Paterson, New Jersey 1267:Thomasville, Georgia 1259:Paterson, New Jersey 1190:Spanish–American War 1144:, diagonally across 1108:Presidential advisor 1070:from his front porch 1051:Cross of Gold speech 905:Speaker of the House 860:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 781:United States Senate 728:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 613:, a small hamlet in 538:front porch campaign 318:Paterson, New Jersey 181:George O. Vanderbilt 129:William Joyce Sewell 8872:Charles H. Matchett 8803:William Lyne Wilson 6364:College Republicans 4785:2000 (Philadelphia) 4525:1948 (Philadelphia) 4485:1940 (Philadelphia) 4302:1900 (Philadelphia) 4211:1872 (Philadelphia) 4159:1856 (Philadelphia) 4111:Fourth Party System 3829:Thomas A. Hendricks 2844:, pp. 226–241. 2791:, pp. 175–176. 2662:, pp. 291–292. 2539:, pp. 179–181. 2400:, pp. 175–176. 2141:, pp. 289–290. 1327:Cedar Lawn Cemetery 1323:New Jersey governor 1255:Cedar Lawn Cemetery 1174:Arthur Wallace Dunn 1146:Pennsylvania Avenue 916:Mid-Atlantic region 721:admitted to the bar 651:Matawan, New Jersey 470:Hobart was born in 329:Cedar Lawn Cemetery 8992:New Jersey lawyers 8909:James H. Southgate 8901:Charles E. Bentley 8852:Charles E. Bentley 8711:J. C. S. Blackburn 8701:Robert E. Pattison 8606:William B. Allison 6396:Republicans Abroad 6261:Legislative Digest 4725:1988 (New Orleans) 4665:1976 (Kansas City) 4645:1972 (Miami Beach) 4625:1968 (Miami Beach) 4425:1928 (Kansas City) 4289:1896 (Saint Louis) 4276:1892 (Minneapolis) 4121:Sixth Party System 4116:Fifth Party System 4106:Third Party System 3949:Nelson Rockefeller 3871:Thomas R. Marshall 3853:Theodore Roosevelt 3817:William A. Wheeler 3757:Richard M. Johnson 3739:Daniel D. Tompkins 3658:Theodore Roosevelt 3585:Vice Chair of the 3564:Theodore Roosevelt 3483:Political offices 3335:The New York Times 3317:on August 19, 2013 3215:Rhodes, James Ford 2976:New Jersey History 2325:The New York Times 2307:The New York Times 2179:The New York Times 1430:Frank Edwin Elwell 1398: 1367:Theodore Roosevelt 1355: 1262: 1239:Catskill Mountains 1214: 1122: 1101:Chicago Daily News 1091: 1018: 949:John Franklin Fort 857: 846: 760: 693: 591: 565:Theodore Roosevelt 459:. A member of the 98:Theodore Roosevelt 8944: 8943: 8918: 8917: 8844:Other candidates: 8818:Prohibition Party 8774:Other candidates: 8724: 8723: 8645: 8614: 8613: 8489: 8488: 7812: 7811: 6750: 6749: 6522: 6521: 6477: 6476: 6406:Young Republicans 6274:Senate Conference 6232: 6231: 5912: 5911: 4224:1876 (Cincinnati) 4049: 4048: 3961:George H. W. Bush 3925:Lyndon B. Johnson 3823:Chester A. Arthur 3664: 3663: 3655:Succeeded by 3622:Succeeded by 3607:George M. Robeson 3594:Succeeded by 3579:James S. Clarkson 3561:Succeeded by 3534:Succeeded by 3527:New Jersey Senate 3525:President of the 3506:Succeeded by 3434:Project Gutenberg 3254:978-0-7006-1721-0 3206:978-0-87338-765-1 3107:978-0-8214-1894-9 3068:978-0-7567-0968-6 3050:Hatfield, Mark O. 3041:978-0-7006-0206-3 2776:, pp. 33–34. 2752:, pp. 33–38. 2674:, pp. 28–29. 2635:, pp. 13–15. 2563:, pp. 27–28. 2527:, pp. 13–16. 2515:, pp. 35–39. 2479:, pp. 31–35. 2467:, pp. 65–66. 2376:, pp. 25–26. 2352:, pp. 22–23. 2258:, pp. 42–43. 2246:, pp. 29–30. 2117:, pp. 20–23. 2105:, pp. 21–22. 2052:, pp. 14–18. 2004:, pp. 16–17. 1992:, pp. 14–16. 1895: 1894: 1733:John R. McPherson 1440:Electoral history 1364:New York Governor 1245:Illness and death 1086: 1014:Benjamin Harrison 776:New Jersey Senate 635:elementary school 516:New Jersey Senate 446: 445: 311:November 21, 1899 188:New Jersey Senate 106:New Jersey Senate 104:President of the 9074: 8793:John G. Carlisle 8787:Grover Cleveland 8782:William F. Vilas 8730: 8729: 8696:Richard P. Bland 8689:Other candidates 8679:Thomas E. Watson 8667:Vice President: 8649: 8648: 8641: 8634: 8631: 8621:Democratic Party 8584:Other candidates 8572:Vice President: 8566:William McKinley 8554: 8553: 8542:Republican Party 8516: 8509: 8502: 8493: 8492: 8484: 7839: 7832: 7825: 7816: 7815: 7807: 6777: 6770: 6763: 6754: 6753: 6549: 6542: 6535: 6526: 6525: 6279:Policy Committee 6255:House Conference 6245: 6244: 5928: 5927: 5485: 5484: 4905:2024 (Milwaukee) 4865:2016 (Cleveland) 4765:1996 (San Diego) 4465:1936 (Cleveland) 4405:1924 (Cleveland) 4185:1864 (Baltimore) 4085: 4084:Republican Party 4076: 4069: 4062: 4053: 4052: 4039: 4038: 4029: 4028: 4019: 4018: 3913:Alben W. Barkley 3901:Henry A. Wallace 3883:Charles G. Dawes 3865:James S. Sherman 3775:Millard Fillmore 3769:George M. Dallas 3751:Martin Van Buren 3715:Thomas Jefferson 3690: 3683: 3676: 3667: 3666: 3632:Preceded by 3604:Preceded by 3597:Henry Clay Payne 3576:Preceded by 3544:Preceded by 3516:Preceded by 3488:Preceded by 3480: 3479: 3476: 3461: 3443:Internet Archive 3414: 3412: 3410: 3395: 3390: 3388: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3361:on July 11, 2013 3346: 3344: 3342: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3302: 3258: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3210: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3172: 3162: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3132: 3122: 3111: 3092: 3072: 3060: 3045: 3033: 3022: 3020: 3018: 2993: 2991: 2964: 2962:Biography portal 2959: 2958: 2957: 2942: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2913: 2905: 2896: 2890: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2868: 2860: 2854: 2851: 2845: 2839: 2833: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2804: 2798: 2792: 2786: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2738: 2732: 2726: 2720: 2714: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2675: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2636: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2588: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2510: 2504: 2498: 2492: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2389: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2317: 2311: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2276: 2270: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2226: 2217: 2211: 2205: 2199: 2184: 2175: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2100: 2094: 2088: 2077: 2071: 2062: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2038: 2037: 2023: 2017: 2011: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1987: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1945: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1915: 1877:Thomas E. Watson 1819: 1811:William McKinley 1777:George C. Ludlow 1718: 1672:Garret A. Hopper 1450:Political result 1444: 1443: 1411:Hobart, Oklahoma 1360:Martin Van Buren 1293:Secretary of War 1166:governor of Ohio 1142:21 Madison Place 1126:Washington, D.C. 1124:After moving to 1087: 1038:Grover Cleveland 1016:(with gray hat). 1010:Grover Cleveland 952: 875:William McKinley 818:Election of 1896 750:Political career 589: 586: 549:Secretary of War 527:William McKinley 498:-based attorney 461:Republican Party 457:William McKinley 438: 383:George S. Hobart 364: 362: 314: 297: 295: 279:Personal details 270:Robert M. Torbet 267: 260:Robert M. Torbet 257: 248: 237: 222: 212: 203: 178: 168: 159: 137: 125: 116: 94: 82: 74:William McKinley 63: 40: 35: 21: 20: 9082: 9081: 9077: 9076: 9075: 9073: 9072: 9071: 8947: 8946: 8945: 8940: 8914: 8885: 8880:Matthew Maguire 8856: 8828:Joshua Levering 8812: 8808:Henry Watterson 8777:Edward S. Bragg 8742: 8720: 8716:Claude Matthews 8684: 8639: 8632: 8630: 8624: 8610: 8579: 8545: 8535: 8520: 8490: 8485: 8476: 7848: 7843: 7813: 7808: 7799: 6786: 6781: 6751: 6746: 6558: 6553: 6523: 6518: 6473: 6426: 6420: 6356: 6350: 6318: 6312: 6239: 6228: 6187: 5923: 5921: 5908: 5857:Chair elections 5852: 5474: 5373:D. B. Henderson 5361:T. J. Henderson 5286: 5283: 5281: 5276: 5272: 5265: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5068: 4941:administrations 4939: 4931: 4825:2008 (St. Paul) 4805:2004 (New York) 4150: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4138: 4134: 4127: 4087: 4083: 4080: 4050: 4045: 4007: 4006: 3931:Hubert Humphrey 3907:Harry S. Truman 3877:Calvin Coolidge 3841:Adlai Stevenson 3805:Schuyler Colfax 3793:Hannibal Hamlin 3781:William R. King 3745:John C. Calhoun 3699: 3694: 3660: 3649: 3637: 3627: 3618: 3609: 3599: 3590: 3581: 3566: 3557: 3549: 3547:Adlai Stevenson 3539: 3537:John J. Gardner 3530: 3521: 3511: 3502: 3497:Speaker of the 3493: 3491:Isaac L. Fisher 3421: 3408: 3406: 3386: 3384: 3364: 3362: 3340: 3338: 3320: 3318: 3283:10.2307/2128760 3255: 3233: 3231: 3207: 3185: 3183: 3145: 3143: 3108: 3069: 3058: 3042: 3016: 3014: 2960: 2955: 2953: 2945: 2934: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2899: 2891: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2861: 2857: 2852: 2848: 2840: 2836: 2828: 2824: 2816: 2807: 2799: 2795: 2787: 2780: 2772: 2768: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2741: 2733: 2729: 2721: 2717: 2709: 2705: 2697: 2693: 2685: 2678: 2670: 2666: 2658: 2654: 2646: 2639: 2631: 2627: 2619: 2615: 2607: 2603: 2595: 2591: 2583: 2579: 2571: 2567: 2559: 2555: 2547: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2511: 2507: 2499: 2495: 2487: 2483: 2475: 2471: 2463: 2459: 2451: 2447: 2439: 2428: 2420: 2416: 2408: 2404: 2396: 2392: 2384: 2380: 2372: 2368: 2360: 2356: 2348: 2344: 2336: 2332: 2318: 2314: 2300: 2296: 2288: 2279: 2271: 2262: 2254: 2250: 2242: 2238: 2227: 2220: 2212: 2208: 2200: 2187: 2181:, June 10, 1902 2176: 2169: 2161: 2157: 2149: 2145: 2137: 2133: 2125: 2121: 2113: 2109: 2101: 2097: 2089: 2080: 2072: 2065: 2060: 2056: 2048: 2041: 2036:. New York, NY. 2024: 2020: 2012: 2008: 2000: 1996: 1988: 1984: 1976: 1972: 1964: 1960: 1952: 1948: 1944:, pp. 6–9. 1940: 1936: 1932:, pp. 4–7. 1928: 1924: 1920:, pp. 7–8. 1916: 1907: 1903: 1803: 1802: 1714: 1713: 1442: 1340: 1319:Foster Voorhees 1247: 1223:Treaty of Paris 1198: 1130:Arlington Hotel 1110: 1080: 1078: 996: 989: 954: 946: 835: 830: 820: 752: 701:Socrates Tuttle 686:Socrates Tuttle 675: 670: 658:Rutgers College 625:in present-day 587: 577: 500:Socrates Tuttle 484:Rutgers College 426: 399:Rutgers College 390:(father-in-law) 388:Socrates Tuttle 386: 366: 363: 1869) 358: 354: 336:Political party 316: 312: 299: 293: 291: 290: 289: 265: 255: 249: 244: 238: 233: 220: 210: 204: 199: 190: 176: 171:Isaac L. Fisher 166: 160: 155: 147:Speaker of the 141:John J. 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Morton 8598: 8593: 8587: 8585: 8581: 8580: 8578: 8577: 8569: 8560: 8558: 8551: 8537: 8536: 8519: 8518: 8511: 8504: 8496: 8487: 8486: 8479: 8477: 8475: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8399: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8354: 8349: 8344: 8339: 8334: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7924: 7919: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7859: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7842: 7841: 7834: 7827: 7819: 7810: 7809: 7802: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 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Garner 3892: 3889:Charles Curtis 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3835:Levi P. Morton 3832: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3799:Andrew Johnson 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3754: 3748: 3742: 3736: 3733:Elbridge Gerry 3730: 3727:George Clinton 3724: 3718: 3712: 3705: 3704: 3701: 3700: 3693: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3670: 3662: 3661: 3656: 3653: 3638: 3633: 3629: 3628: 3623: 3620: 3610: 3605: 3601: 3600: 3595: 3592: 3582: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3568: 3567: 3562: 3559: 3550: 3545: 3541: 3540: 3535: 3532: 3522: 3519:William Sewell 3517: 3513: 3512: 3507: 3504: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3462: 3447: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3420: 3419:External links 3417: 3416: 3415: 3396: 3371: 3347: 3327: 3303: 3260: 3259: 3253: 3240: 3211: 3205: 3192: 3173: 3152: 3133: 3112: 3106: 3093: 3077:Hobart, Jennie 3073: 3067: 3046: 3040: 3023: 2998:Croly, Herbert 2994: 2966: 2965: 2944: 2943: 2928: 2897: 2882: 2880:, p. 263. 2870: 2855: 2846: 2834: 2832:, p. 224. 2822: 2820:, p. 292. 2805: 2803:, p. 376. 2793: 2778: 2766: 2754: 2739: 2727: 2715: 2713:, p. 320. 2703: 2691: 2676: 2664: 2652: 2650:, p. 291. 2637: 2625: 2613: 2601: 2589: 2587:, p. 117. 2577: 2575:, p. 112. 2565: 2553: 2551:, p. 104. 2541: 2529: 2517: 2505: 2493: 2491:, p. 113. 2481: 2469: 2457: 2445: 2426: 2424:, p. 400. 2414: 2412:, p. 191. 2402: 2390: 2388:, p. 180. 2378: 2366: 2354: 2342: 2330: 2312: 2294: 2292:, p. 290. 2277: 2260: 2248: 2236: 2218: 2206: 2185: 2167: 2155: 2143: 2131: 2119: 2107: 2095: 2078: 2063: 2054: 2039: 2018: 2006: 1994: 1982: 1980:, p. 289. 1970: 1958: 1946: 1934: 1922: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1882:Populist Party 1879: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1822: 1820: 1793: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1737: 1729: 1727: 1721: 1719: 1707: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1653: 1651:Garret Hobart* 1648: 1646: 1640: 1638: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1623: 1618: 1617:Charles Inglis 1615: 1612: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1585: 1583: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1563: 1562:Gerrit Planten 1560: 1557: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1543: 1541:Garret Hobart* 1538: 1536: 1530: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1508: 1507:William Oakley 1505: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1481: 1475: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1441: 1438: 1393:, part of the 1348:Philip Martiny 1339: 1336: 1313:Lake Champlain 1246: 1243: 1197: 1194: 1109: 1106: 1096:Senate Chamber 1077: 1074: 1030:silver dollars 988: 985: 938: 928:Levi P. Morton 841:Hobart's wife 834: 831: 819: 816: 751: 748: 709:Passaic County 684:-based lawyer 674: 671: 669: 666: 662:vice president 576: 573: 482:. He attended 444: 443: 440: 439: 432: 428: 427: 425: 424: 419: 413: 411: 407: 406: 396: 392: 391: 380: 376: 375: 372: 368: 367: 356: 350: 349: 347: 343: 342: 337: 333: 332: 326: 322: 321: 315:(aged 55) 309: 305: 304: 287: 285: 281: 280: 276: 275: 272: 271: 268: 262: 261: 258: 252: 251: 241: 240: 232:Member of the 229: 228: 226:John W. Griggs 223: 217: 216: 213: 207: 206: 196: 195: 193:Passaic County 186:Member of the 183: 182: 179: 173: 172: 169: 163: 162: 152: 151: 144: 143: 138: 132: 131: 126: 120: 119: 109: 108: 101: 100: 95: 89: 88: 83: 77: 76: 71: 67: 66: 56: 55: 48: 47: 44: 43: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9079: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8952: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8928: 8925: 8924: 8921: 8911: 8910: 8905: 8903: 8902: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8892: 8888: 8882: 8881: 8876: 8874: 8873: 8868: 8867: 8865: 8863: 8859: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8842: 8841: 8838: 8837: 8832: 8830: 8829: 8824: 8823: 8821: 8819: 8815: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8768: 8767: 8762: 8760: 8759: 8754: 8753: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8740: 8736: 8731: 8727: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8693: 8691: 8687: 8681: 8680: 8675: 8674: 8671: 8670: 8669:Arthur Sewall 8665: 8663: 8662: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8637: 8628: 8623: 8622: 8617: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8582: 8576: 8575: 8574:Garret Hobart 8570: 8568: 8567: 8562: 8561: 8559: 8555: 8552: 8549: 8544: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8517: 8512: 8510: 8505: 8503: 8498: 8497: 8494: 8483: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8403: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8353: 8350: 8348: 8345: 8343: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8107:Frelinghuysen 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7915: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7854: 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6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6078:New Hampshire 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6038:Massachusetts 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5929: 5926: 5919: 5915: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5859: 5855: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 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H. W. Bush 5049: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5028: 5025: 5022: 5019: 5016: 5013: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4942: 4938: 4934: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4883: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4859: 4856: 4855: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4843: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4823: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4803: 4799: 4796: 4795: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4749:G. H. W. Bush 4746: 4743: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4734: 4730: 4729:G. H. W. Bush 4726: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4715: 4714: 4713:G. H. W. Bush 4710: 4706: 4705:1984 (Dallas) 4703: 4699: 4696: 4695: 4694: 4693:G. H. W. Bush 4690: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4663: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4635: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4615: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4603: 4599: 4596: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4570: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4543: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4523: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4503: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4479: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4443: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4403: 4399: 4396: 4395: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4383: 4379: 4376: 4375: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4356: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4143: 4136: 4130: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4098: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4090: 4086: 4077: 4072: 4070: 4065: 4063: 4058: 4057: 4054: 4042: 4034: 4032: 4024: 4022: 4014: 4013: 4010: 4002: 4001:Kamala Harris 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3919:Richard Nixon 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3860: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3847:Garret Hobart 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3827: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3691: 3686: 3684: 3679: 3677: 3672: 3671: 3668: 3659: 3652: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3636: 3635:Whitelaw Reid 3630: 3626: 3617: 3616: 3613:Chair of the 3608: 3602: 3598: 3589: 3588: 3580: 3574: 3569: 3565: 3556: 3555: 3548: 3542: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3520: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3500: 3492: 3486: 3481: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3463: 3459: 3458: 3453: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3404: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3383: 3379: 3378: 3372: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3266: 3265: 3264: 3263:Other sources 3256: 3250: 3246: 3241: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3221: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3202: 3198: 3193: 3181: 3180: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3153: 3141: 3140: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3121: 3120: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3099: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3064: 3057: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3032: 3031: 3024: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3004: 2999: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2952: 2950: 2949: 2940: 2938: 2932: 2917: 2910: 2904: 2902: 2895:, p. 39. 2894: 2889: 2887: 2879: 2874: 2866: 2859: 2850: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2802: 2797: 2790: 2785: 2783: 2775: 2770: 2764:, p. 33. 2763: 2758: 2751: 2746: 2744: 2737:, p. 32. 2736: 2731: 2724: 2719: 2712: 2707: 2701:, p. 30. 2700: 2695: 2689:, p. 31. 2688: 2683: 2681: 2673: 2668: 2661: 2656: 2649: 2644: 2642: 2634: 2629: 2623:, p. 29. 2622: 2617: 2611:, p. 13. 2610: 2605: 2599:, p. 15. 2598: 2593: 2586: 2581: 2574: 2569: 2562: 2557: 2550: 2545: 2538: 2533: 2526: 2521: 2514: 2509: 2503:, p. 68. 2502: 2497: 2490: 2485: 2478: 2473: 2466: 2461: 2455:, p. 65. 2454: 2449: 2443:, p. 27. 2442: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2423: 2418: 2411: 2406: 2399: 2394: 2387: 2382: 2375: 2370: 2363: 2358: 2351: 2346: 2340:, p. 50. 2339: 2334: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2275:, p. 23. 2274: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2257: 2252: 2245: 2240: 2233: 2232: 2225: 2223: 2216:, p. 29. 2215: 2210: 2204:, p. 22. 2203: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2182: 2180: 2174: 2172: 2164: 2159: 2153:, p. 26. 2152: 2147: 2140: 2135: 2128: 2123: 2116: 2111: 2104: 2099: 2092: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2076:, p. 17. 2075: 2070: 2068: 2058: 2051: 2046: 2044: 2035: 2034: 2029: 2022: 2016:, p. 16. 2015: 2010: 2003: 1998: 1991: 1986: 1979: 1974: 1968:, p. 14. 1967: 1962: 1955: 1950: 1943: 1938: 1931: 1926: 1919: 1914: 1912: 1910: 1905: 1898: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1855:Arthur Sewall 1853: 1851: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1833:Garret Hobart 1831: 1829: 1826: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1801: 1799: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756:Garret Hobart 1755: 1753: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1717: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1596:Garret Hobart 1594: 1592: 1589: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1527: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1486:Garret Hobart 1484: 1482: 1479: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1446: 1445: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1335: 1331: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1314: 1309: 1307: 1306: 1300: 1297: 1296:Russell Alger 1294: 1289: 1287: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1275:1900 election 1272: 1268: 1260: 1256: 1251: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1231:Supreme Court 1226: 1224: 1220: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1193: 1191: 1186: 1185: 1178: 1175: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1119: 1114: 1105: 1103: 1102: 1097: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1035: 1034:gold standard 1031: 1027: 1023: 1022:Panic of 1893 1015: 1011: 1007: 1006: 1000: 994: 984: 981: 978: 974: 969: 967: 963: 958: 953: 950: 943: 936: 931: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 906: 902: 898: 894: 893:Herbert Croly 889: 887: 883: 878: 876: 873: 872:Ohio governor 869: 865: 864:Waldorf Hotel 861: 855: 854:1896 campaign 850: 844: 839: 829: 825: 815: 813: 809: 804: 802: 798: 797:Mark Hatfield 793: 790: 789:1896 campaign 784: 782: 777: 772: 769: 765: 756: 747: 745: 741: 737: 731: 729: 724: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 691: 687: 683: 679: 665: 663: 659: 654: 652: 648: 644: 643:Sunday School 638: 636: 632: 628: 627:New York City 624: 623:New Amsterdam 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 581: 572: 570: 566: 562: 558: 557:heart disease 553: 552:Russell Alger 550: 545: 543: 542:New York City 539: 535: 532: 528: 524: 519: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 488:New Brunswick 485: 481: 477: 473: 468: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 441: 437: 433: 429: 423: 420: 418: 415: 414: 412: 408: 404: 400: 397: 393: 389: 384: 381: 377: 373: 369: 353: 352:Jennie Tuttle 348: 344: 341: 338: 334: 330: 327: 325:Resting place 323: 319: 310: 306: 302: 286: 282: 277: 273: 269: 263: 259: 253: 247: 242: 236: 230: 227: 224: 218: 214: 208: 202: 197: 194: 189: 184: 180: 174: 170: 164: 158: 153: 150: 145: 142: 139: 133: 130: 127: 121: 115: 110: 107: 102: 99: 96: 90: 87: 84: 78: 75: 72: 68: 62: 57: 54: 49: 45: 34: 29: 25:Garret Hobart 22: 19: 8926: 8907:VP nominee: 8906: 8898: 8878:VP nominee: 8877: 8869: 8847:L. C. Hughes 8843: 8836:Hale Johnson 8834:VP nominee: 8833: 8825: 8773: 8764:VP nominee: 8763: 8755: 8706:Horace Boies 8676: 8666: 8658: 8619: 8596:Matthew Quay 8573: 8571: 8563: 8540: 8532:1900 → 8524:← 1892 7971: 7460:G. S. Hobart 7420:L. R. Taylor 7325:Heppenheimer 7249: 7205:J. N. Taylor 6875:Charles Read 6682:Kaltenbacher 6566: 6499:Bibliography 6259: 6138:South Dakota 6128:Rhode Island 6123:Pennsylvania 6103:North Dakota 4937:Presidential 4924: 4845:2012 (Tampa) 4296: 4149:presidential 4133:Presidential 3846: 3811:Henry Wilson 3640: 3612: 3584: 3552: 3524: 3496: 3473:Google Books 3467: 3455: 3409:November 26, 3407:. Retrieved 3401: 3392: 3387:November 28, 3385:. Retrieved 3376: 3363:. Retrieved 3359:the original 3354: 3341:December 11, 3339:. Retrieved 3334: 3321:November 25, 3319:. Retrieved 3315:the original 3310: 3274: 3270: 3262: 3261: 3244: 3232:. Retrieved 3219: 3196: 3186:November 22, 3184:. Retrieved 3178: 3158: 3144:. Retrieved 3138: 3118: 3097: 3080: 3054: 3029: 3015:. Retrieved 3002: 2979: 2975: 2948:Bibliography 2947: 2946: 2936: 2931: 2919:. Retrieved 2873: 2864: 2858: 2849: 2837: 2825: 2796: 2769: 2757: 2730: 2718: 2706: 2694: 2667: 2655: 2628: 2616: 2604: 2592: 2580: 2568: 2556: 2544: 2532: 2520: 2508: 2496: 2484: 2472: 2460: 2448: 2417: 2405: 2393: 2381: 2369: 2364:, p. 5. 2357: 2345: 2333: 2323: 2315: 2305: 2297: 2251: 2239: 2230: 2209: 2178: 2165:, p. 2. 2158: 2146: 2134: 2129:, p. 4. 2122: 2110: 2098: 2057: 2031: 2021: 2009: 1997: 1985: 1973: 1961: 1956:, p. 1. 1949: 1937: 1925: 1897:* Incumbent 1896: 1832: 1804: 1796: 1731: 1715: 1710: 1650: 1635: 1595: 1580: 1540: 1525: 1485: 1470: 1423: 1408: 1403: 1399: 1391:Frank Elwell 1379: 1375: 1356: 1332: 1317: 1310: 1303: 1301: 1290: 1286:Jersey Shore 1279: 1263: 1227: 1215: 1199: 1183: 1179: 1170: 1162:Ida McKinley 1155: 1138:Pennsylvania 1123: 1099: 1092: 1062:Matthew Quay 1059: 1055: 1045:congressman 1019: 1003: 977:Presbyterian 973:running mate 970: 959: 955: 945: 940: 933: 924:favorite son 901:Canton, Ohio 890: 884:was elected 879: 858: 805: 794: 785: 773: 761: 732: 725: 694: 673:Law practice 655: 639: 621:settlers of 601:settlers of 599:colonial-era 592: 546: 531:U.S. Senator 520: 476:Jersey Shore 469: 448: 447: 313:(1899-11-21) 298:June 3, 1844 266:Succeeded by 245: 221:Succeeded by 200: 177:Succeeded by 156: 136:Succeeded by 113: 93:Succeeded by 60: 18: 8962:1899 deaths 8957:1844 births 8789:(incumbent) 8739:independent 8735:Third party 8659:President: 8564:President: 8442:DiFrancesco 8297:Van Alstyne 8257:Hendrickson 7615:M. Thompson 7120:Van Wagenen 7060:D. Johnston 7050:D. Thompson 6935:Hendrickson 6855:A. Johnston 6317:Fundraising 6238:Affiliated 6219:Puerto Rico 6053:Mississippi 5968:Connecticut 5690:Summerfield 5465:(2019–2023) 5459:(2015–2019) 5453:(2007–2015) 5447:(1999–2007) 5441:(1995–1999) 5435:(1981–1995) 5429:(1973–1981) 5423:(1965–1973) 5417:(1959–1965) 5411:(1939–1959) 5405:(1931–1939) 5399:(1925–1931) 5393:(1919–1925) 5387:(1911–1919) 5381:(1903–1911) 5375:(1899–1903) 5369:(1895–1899) 5363:(1891–1895) 5357:(1889–1891) 5351:(1883–1889) 5345:(1881–1883) 5339:(1879–1881) 5333:(1877–1879) 5327:(1875–1877) 5321:(1869–1875) 5309:(1863–1869) 5303:(1861–1863) 5297:(1860–1861) 5256:(2003–2007) 5250:(1996–2003) 5244:(1985–1996) 5238:(1980–1985) 5232:(1979–1980) 5226:(1977–1979) 5220:(1969–1977) 5214:(1959–1969) 5208:(1953–1959) 5196:(1952–1953) 5190:(1949–1952) 5184:(1944–1949) 5178:(1941–1944) 5172:(1940–1941) 5166:(1933–1940) 5160:(1929–1933) 5154:(1924–1929) 5148:(1918–1924) 5142:(1913–1918) 5136:(1911–1913) 5130:(1908–1911) 5124:(1897–1908) 5118:(1891–1897) 5112:(1885–1891) 5106:(1884–1885) 5100:(1862–1884) 5094:(1859–1862) 5074:U.S. Senate 5065:(2017–2021) 5059:(2001–2009) 5053:(1989–1993) 5047:(1981–1989) 5041:(1974–1977) 5035:(1969–1974) 5029:(1953–1961) 5023:(1929–1933) 5017:(1923–1929) 5011:(1921–1923) 5005:(1909–1913) 4999:(1901–1909) 4993:(1897–1901) 4987:(1889–1893) 4981:(1881–1885) 4969:(1877–1881) 4963:(1869–1877) 4957:(1865–1868) 4951:(1861–1865) 4142:conventions 3997:(2017–2021) 3991:(2009–2017) 3985:(2001–2009) 3983:Dick Cheney 3969:(1989–1993) 3963:(1981–1989) 3957:(1977–1981) 3951:(1974–1977) 3945:(1973–1974) 3943:Gerald Ford 3939:(1969–1973) 3937:Spiro Agnew 3933:(1965–1969) 3927:(1961–1963) 3921:(1953–1961) 3915:(1949–1953) 3903:(1941–1945) 3897:(1933–1941) 3891:(1929–1933) 3885:(1925–1929) 3879:(1921–1923) 3873:(1913–1921) 3867:(1909–1912) 3861:(1905–1909) 3849:(1897–1899) 3843:(1893–1897) 3837:(1889–1893) 3819:(1877–1881) 3813:(1873–1875) 3807:(1869–1873) 3795:(1861–1865) 3789:(1857–1861) 3777:(1849–1850) 3771:(1845–1849) 3759:(1837–1841) 3753:(1833–1837) 3747:(1825–1832) 3741:(1817–1825) 3735:(1813–1814) 3729:(1805–1812) 3723:(1801–1805) 3717:(1797–1801) 3711:(1789–1797) 3365:January 19, 3234:October 28, 3017:October 28, 2921:February 9, 1219:Philippines 1202:U.S. Senate 1150:White House 1134:Don Cameron 1026:Free Silver 908:Thomas Reed 882:John Griggs 631:Long Island 603:New England 588: 1858 256:Preceded by 215:John Hopper 211:Preceded by 167:Preceded by 124:Preceded by 81:Preceded by 8951:Categories 8741:candidates 8627:Convention 8548:Convention 8407:Beadleston 8072:Hutchinson 7680:Beadleston 7500:Gabrielson 7390:Lethbridge 7355:MacPherson 7275:S. Jackson 7260:Caracallen 7255:Vanderbilt 7095:L. Condict 7080:J. Jackson 7035:Pennington 7015:L. Condict 6985:S. Condict 6970:S. Condict 6920:Hornblower 6845:Kinsey Jr. 6742:Steinhardt 6168:Washington 6088:New Mexico 6083:New Jersey 5958:California 5769:Fahrenkopf 5764:Fahrenkopf 5685:Gabrielson 5295:Pennington 5285:Conference 5271:U.S. House 5092:J. P. Hale 5082:Conference 5057:G. W. Bush 5027:Eisenhower 4809:G. W. Bush 4789:G. W. Bush 4569:Eisenhower 4549:Eisenhower 3995:Mike Pence 3967:Dan Quayle 3763:John Tyler 3721:Aaron Burr 3709:John Adams 3642:Republican 3619:1880–1891 3591:1881–1896 3558:1897–1899 3531:1881–1882 2939:, "Hobart" 1901:References 1860:Democratic 1838:Republican 1825:Republican 1782:Democratic 1760:Republican 1740:Democratic 1724:Democratic 1676:Democratic 1656:Republican 1643:Republican 1621:Democratic 1601:Republican 1588:Republican 1566:Democratic 1546:Republican 1533:Republican 1511:Democratic 1491:Republican 1478:Republican 1419:Washington 1158:First Lady 868:Mark Hanna 764:Republican 738:clerk for 736:grand jury 697:Union Army 607:New Jersey 534:Mark Hanna 508:Republican 465:New Jersey 417:Politician 410:Profession 340:Republican 294:1844-06-03 8899:Nominee: 8870:Nominee: 8826:Nominee: 8756:Nominee: 8437:Lynch Jr. 8397:McDermott 8382:Lynch Sr. 8292:Summerill 8222:A. Reeves 8177:Wallworth 7877:Alexander 7857:Smallwood 7575:Cavicchia 7515:Greenberg 7485:Chandless 7445:Wolverton 7315:Dickinson 7305:Armstrong 7285:Van Duyne 7250:G. Hobart 7195:C. Haight 7185:Patterson 7155:Fennimore 7115:J. Taylor 7090:T. Haight 7005:P. Gordon 6995:Dickerson 6950:Van Cleve 6940:Van Cleve 6840:Johnstone 6830:Johnstone 6810:T. Gordon 6637:Dickerson 6489:Primaries 6425:Factional 6355:Sectional 6192:Territory 6178:Wisconsin 6143:Tennessee 6048:Minnesota 6023:Louisiana 5924:territory 5922:state and 5809:Gillespie 5794:Nicholson 5730:R. Morton 5710:T. Morton 5595:Rosewater 5585:Hitchcock 5575:Cortelyou 5397:Longworth 5260:McConnell 5140:Gallinger 4997:Roosevelt 4918:primaries 4898:primaries 4878:primaries 4858:primaries 4838:primaries 4818:primaries 4798:primaries 4778:primaries 4758:primaries 4738:primaries 4718:primaries 4698:primaries 4678:primaries 4658:primaries 4638:primaries 4618:primaries 4609:Goldwater 4598:primaries 4578:primaries 4558:primaries 4538:primaries 4518:primaries 4498:primaries 4478:primaries 4458:primaries 4438:primaries 4418:primaries 4398:primaries 4378:primaries 4373:Fairbanks 4358:primaries 4323:Fairbanks 4319:Roosevelt 4310:Roosevelt 4151:primaries 3989:Joe Biden 3977:1993–2001 3625:John Kean 3299:154467336 3146:March 20, 3142:. unknown 1696:Greenback 1692:John Warr 1453:Candidate 1373:in 1901. 962:St. Louis 705:study law 611:Bradevelt 571:in 1901. 474:, on the 431:Signature 395:Education 379:Relatives 246:In office 201:In office 157:In office 114:In office 70:President 61:In office 51:24th 8652:Nominees 8636:Populist 8557:Nominees 8392:Forsythe 8252:Loizeaux 8227:Richards 8112:Ackerman 8042:Voorhees 8037:Williams 8032:Thompson 7907:Reckless 7867:Canfield 7795:Coughlin 7765:Haytaian 7755:Hardwick 7740:Hamilton 7710:Moraites 7675:Matthews 7635:Salsburg 7620:Cavinato 7600:Mehorter 7595:Brescher 7585:W. Jones 7490:Siracusa 7470:W. Evans 7365:B. Jones 7350:DeRousse 7320:Hudspeth 7295:O'Connor 7225:A. Evans 7165:Demarest 7145:Phillips 7135:Whelpley 7130:J. Evans 7055:L. Elmer 7045:E. Elmer 6975:E. Elmer 6965:E. Elmer 6880:Lawrence 6865:Lawrence 6805:Jennings 6800:Fretwell 6795:Gardiner 6717:Kyrillos 6712:Haytaian 6677:Norcross 6667:Spoltore 6514:Trumpism 6369:Chairmen 6286:Factions 6248:Congress 6163:Virginia 6113:Oklahoma 6093:New York 6068:Nebraska 6058:Missouri 6043:Michigan 6033:Maryland 6018:Kentucky 5998:Illinois 5973:Delaware 5963:Colorado 5953:Arkansas 5843:McDaniel 5819:Martínez 5755:Richards 5670:Brownell 5665:Spangler 5650:Hamilton 5645:Fletcher 5555:Campbell 5550:Clarkson 5520:Chandler 5463:McCarthy 5439:Gingrich 5278:Speakers 5206:Knowland 5015:Coolidge 4991:McKinley 4985:Harrison 4973:Garfield 4409:Coolidge 4393:Coolidge 4306:McKinley 4293:McKinley 4280:Harrison 4267:Harrison 4241:Garfield 4140:national 4021:Category 3351:"Hobart" 3217:(1922). 3081:Memories 3079:(1930). 3052:(1997). 3000:(1912). 2893:Connolly 2818:Hatfield 2774:Connolly 2762:Connolly 2750:Connolly 2735:Connolly 2723:Connolly 2699:Connolly 2687:Connolly 2672:Connolly 2660:Hatfield 2648:Hatfield 2621:Connolly 2561:Connolly 2513:Williams 2465:Williams 2453:Williams 2441:Connolly 2374:Connolly 2350:Connolly 2290:Hatfield 2273:Connolly 2202:Connolly 2163:Connolly 2139:Hatfield 2103:Connolly 1978:Hatfield 1447:Election 1405:contact. 1066:Paterson 1049:, whose 1043:Nebraska 987:Campaign 980:minister 920:New York 766:for the 717:Paterson 682:Paterson 647:Freehold 496:Paterson 492:read law 480:Marlboro 422:attorney 385:(nephew) 371:Children 37:Hobart, 8472:Scutari 8467:Sweeney 8447:Bennett 8427:Orechio 8422:Merlino 8417:Feldman 8402:Bateman 8387:Ridolfi 8377:Sandman 8357:Hillery 8327:Wallace 8312:Hannold 8307:Littell 8282:Proctor 8272:Stanger 8242:Barbour 8212:Pierson 8202:Stevens 8127:Johnson 8122:Fielder 8102:Robbins 8097:Hillery 8087:Bradley 8077:Wakelee 8067:Francis 8057:Johnson 7987:Schenck 7977:Gardner 7937:Robbins 7927:Buckley 7917:Scudder 7912:Robbins 7902:Crowell 7892:Gifford 7887:Herring 7872:Manners 7780:Roberts 7770:Collins 7750:Karcher 7745:Jackman 7735:LeFante 7730:Woodson 7685:Higgins 7665:D'Aloia 7625:Simmill 7590:Leonard 7570:Amlicke 7565:Boswell 7560:McClave 7540:Newcomb 7465:Rowland 7450:Pierson 7435:Pilgrim 7430:Godfrey 7425:Beekman 7385:Robbins 7370:Bradley 7360:Watkins 7210:Crowell 7200:Crowell 7175:Holsman 7170:Dutcher 7030:Bateman 7025:Pearson 7020:Kennedy 7000:W. Coxe 6990:W. Coxe 6905:Skinner 6895:Skinner 6820:D. Coxe 6707:Littell 6697:Donovan 6622:Freeman 6617:Jeffers 6612:Sterner 6494:Debates 6482:Related 6183:Wyoming 6158:Vermont 6063:Montana 6003:Indiana 5983:Georgia 5978:Florida 5948:Arizona 5938:Alabama 5918:Parties 5848:Whatley 5838:Priebus 5814:Mehlman 5804:Racicot 5799:Gilmore 5789:Barbour 5779:Yeutter 5774:Atwater 5695:Roberts 5640:Sanders 5525:Cameron 5510:Claflin 5500:Raymond 5471:(2023–) 5469:Johnson 5451:Boehner 5445:Hastert 5415:Halleck 5391:Gillett 5325:McCrary 5313:Pomeroy 5273:leaders 5262:(2007–) 5230:Stevens 5212:Dirksen 5194:Bridges 5128:E. 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