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464:. Crews would come ashore for provisions, which were purchased at market prices. During one of the British excursions, Americans captured some of the crew. The British came to arrest then owner John Lyon Gardiner, who, being a delicate man, adopted the "green room defense", where he stayed in a bed with green curtains surrounded by medicine to make him look feeble. The British, not wanting a sick man on board, let him be.
530:. Once a peninsula of Gardiner's Island, it is the location of a 14 acres (5.7 ha) parcel the federal government purchased from the Gardiners in 1851 for $ 400. Work on the lighthouse began in 1854, with the lighthouse being first lit in 1855 following a $ 7,000 construction expenditure. It was a 27-foot (8.2 m) square 1½ story brick building with a sixth order
679:, married in 1961 but had no children, leaving him with no direct heir. In 1989, Gardiner attempted unsuccessfully to adopt a middle-aged Mississippi businessman, George Gardiner Green Jr., as his son. Green was a descendant of Lion Gardiner. Upon Robert's death in 2004, total ownership passed to Goelet. Shortly before his death he said:
671:
Robert accused
Alexandra of wanting to sell and develop the island. She accused him of not paying his share of the estimated $ 2 million per year upkeep and taxes of the island. Robert said he would not oppose ownership by the government or a private conservancy group. The case went to court in 1980
624:
A manor house built by David
Gardiner in 1774 burned to the ground in 1947, it is thought after a guest fell asleep while smoking. Valuable antiques were destroyed, with the caretaker escaping by jumping from a window. Owing to the high cost of upkeep, the island was put up for sale in 1937. It was
408:
A legend developed that Kidd warned that if the treasure was not there when he returned he would kill the
Gardiners, though trial testimony given by John Gardiner on July 17, 1699, makes no mention of any threats, and Kidd's conduct appears to have been quite civil. Kidd was tried in Boston, and
667:
Sarah
Diodati Gardiner had also set aside a trust fund for upkeep of the island, but it was exhausted by the 1970s. When Alexandra Gardiner Creel died, her rights passed to her daughter, Alexandra Creel Goelet. Robert David Lion Gardiner and Goelet were to have a highly publicized dispute over
625:
bought by a multimillionaire relative, Sarah
Diodati Gardiner, for $ 400,000. She erected a new 28-room manor house in the Georgian style. She died in 1953, unmarried, at age 90. Upon her death in 1953, the island passed in trust to her nephew
474:
Gardiner's supply boats were manned by slaves during the war, and this made it easier for them to pass through
British lines. After the State of New York abolished slavery in 1827, many of the freed Gardiner slaves went to live in
429:. A fleet of thirteen British ships sailed into the island's Cherry Harbor and began foraging and pillaging its manor house at will; they were planning to turn it into a private hunting preserve. Among the British interlopers were
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and was reduced to its present state of ruin. The state of New York briefly considered turning it into a park, but it is deemed a navigational hazard because of the possibilities of unexploded ordnance. It is privately owned now.
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on the island in exchange for a promise from the Town of East
Hampton not to rezone the land, change its assessment or attempt to acquire it by condemnation. The Goelets and East Hampton agreed upon the easement through 2025.
643:
Robert David Lion
Gardiner and Alexandra Gardiner Creel occupied the island at the expiration of Sperry Rand's lease in 1963. Gardiner inherited three Gardiner fortunes: from his father, his uncle and his Aunt Sarah.
231:
The shed's claim to being the oldest surviving wood-frame structure in New York state is disputed by some. No primary sources authenticating its construction have been produced, only a description by
356:
municipal government, there was an attempt to annex the island, which the
Gardiners successfully resisted. Gardiner's Island would remain independent of outside municipal jurisdiction until after the
541:
caused a break in the peninsula, permanently turning the point into an island (but leaving it under the jurisdiction of East
Hampton). Between 1890 and 1893 the island was shrinking at the rate of
27:
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by the King of England in 1636 and required Gardiner to gain his approval of the land grant through his agent James Farrett. It has been privately owned by Gardiner's descendants for 385 years.
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and Robert was initially barred from visiting the island, but in 1992, courts ruled that he could visit the island (although the Goelets and Gardiner were not on the island at the same time).
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feet (3.3 m) per year. On March 7, 1894, the lighthouse was abandoned and shortly afterward fell into the ocean. A lighted buoy was then moored ¼ miles northeast of the lighthouse.
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We have always married into wealth. We've covered all our bets. We were on both sides of the Revolution, and both sides of the Civil War. The Gardiner family always came out on top.
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in a ravine between Bostwick's Point and the Manor House. Indicating to Mrs. Gardiner that the box of gold was intended for the Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony,
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and another 1,000 acres (405 ha) of meadows. Many of the buildings date back to the 17th century. In 1989, the island was said to be worth $ 125 million.
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on pedestal mounts. Records indicate that it was never armed. The shifting sands caused problems for the fort and it was abandoned in the late 1920s.
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and is one of the few locations in the world where they build their nests on the ground, as there are no natural predators to the bird on the island.
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460:, a British fleet of seven ships of the line and several smaller frigates anchored in Cherry Harbor and conducted raids on American shipping through
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in a 1976 documentary about the island. An earlier source that describes the settlement and early life on the island makes no mention of the shed.
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417:. Gardiner kept one of the diamonds which he later gave to his daughter. A plaque on the island marks the spot where the treasure was buried.
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437:. At one point, Major André and Gardiner's son Nathaniel Gardiner exchanged toasts on the island. Nathaniel Gardiner was a surgeon for the
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157:. At 5.19 square miles (13.4 km), it is one of the largest privately owned islands in the United States, though slightly smaller than
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Robert David Lion Gardiner, the last heir to bear the name of the family that has owned Gardiner's Island ... Mr. Gardiner called himself
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799:(1811–1879), was an American businessman, manufacturer, politician and a Democratic member of the New York State Senate (1st D.)
312:
228:, structures on the island include a private airstrip on the south side and a carpenter's shed said to have been built in 1639.
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Gardiner was ordered by Governor Bellomont to deliver the treasure as evidence. The booty included gold dust, bars of silver,
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Gardiners Island's NNL status was removed in July 2006, following a request from the island's owner, Alexandra Creel Goelet.
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The British were to bury several personnel on the island during the course of the war. Some of the British fleet that
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The island is 5.19 square miles (13.4 km) in size. Its 3,318 acres include more than 1,000 acres (400 ha) of
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1231:"A verbatim report of John Gardiner's testimony taken before a board of government commissioners at Boston".
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574:, a general and Civil War veteran who died in 1882. Another claim is that it was named for former President
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Robert Gardiner, who claimed the notional title "16th Lord of the Manor of Gardiner's Island" and lived in
142:. It is 6 miles (9.7 km) long, 3 miles (4.8 km) wide and has 27 miles (43 km) of coastline.
405:, captured from a Moorish ship off the coast of India, and a sack of sugar in thanks for her hospitality.
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1414:. New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center, NYS Division of Military and Naval Affairs
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compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough, Stephen C. Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner (1870; pg. 444 and 591)
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296:. The Montauketts gave Gardiner the title, at least in part because of his support for them in the
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battery on the island. One source states it was named in General Order 194 of 27 December 1904 for
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441:. He was the American surgeon who later attended to André before he was executed for spying with
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Following the revolution, the island was formally brought under East Hampton town jurisdiction.
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of 1639 gave Gardiner the "right to possess the land forever", with the island being declared a
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1571:"John Lyon Gardiner Dead. Owner of Gardiner's Island, Associated with Capt. Kidd, the Pirate"
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On October 5, 1665, after the British had taken over New Netherlands and established the
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345:, the first Governor of the Province, issued a new patent to Lion Gardiner's son David.
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The island has been owned by the Gardiner family and their descendants since 1639 when
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The fort was intended to consist of Battery Edmund Smith, with emplacements for two
1501:"Notice of Multiple National Natural Landmark Boundary Changes and De-designations"
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stopped at the island in June 1699 while sailing to Boston to answer charges of
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Peconic Bay: Four Centuries of History on Long Island's North and South Forks
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Freedman, Mitchell (May 24, 2005). "Town strikes deal to preserve island".
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producing a fixed white light located 33 feet (10 m) above sea level.
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956:. Suffolk County Department of Planning. October 2000. Archived from
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Gardiner's Island: A Visit with Robert David Lion Gardiner (1976)
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805:, former First Lady of the United States; wife of U.S. President
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to Lion Gardiner. He was succeeded by Wyandanch as Grand Sachem.
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Edwards Rattray, Jeannette (1953). "Pirates and Prohibition".
947:"1999 Land Available for Development — Eastern Suffolk County"
1386:(Third ed.). McLean, Virginia: CDSG Press. p. 208.
368:
220:, showing the family home (upper left) and white windmill (r)
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A piece of the cloth is located at the East Hampton Library.
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Lion Gardiner, and his descendants ... [1599-1890]
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of the British, nor was it a part of the Dutch colony of
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The island was not part of the Connecticut Colony or the
1539:"Robert D.L. Gardiner, 93, Lord of His Own Island, Dies"
1323:
The Magazine of American History with Notes and Queries
898:
Inside the Apple: A Streetwise History of New York City
251:
612:
and transferred to the Agriculture Department. During
264:. He reportedly purchased the island from the local
1442:. Associated Press. August 1, 1976. pp. 8, 10
1212:. The Long Island Collection, East Hampton Library
425:The Gardiners sided with the colonists during the
260:in 1639, who moved there with his family from the
1277:The Pirate Hunter: The True Story of Captain Kidd
305:Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
1664:
360:, when it was formally annexed to East Hampton.
334:and the attenuating privileges of governorship.
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1249:
842:island in Hawaii is over thirteen times larger.
728:, 1st Proprietor and Lord of the Manor, 1639–63
604:In 1938, Gardiners Point Island was declared a
184:in the American Northeast. Other trees include
16:Island off the coast of New York, United States
640:leased the island for top echelon meetings.
522:Sound that is the former location of both the
311:. It evidently fell under the jurisdiction of
1233:New England Historical and Genealogy Register
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896:Nevius, Michelle & Nevius, James (2009),
875:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 16–17.
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1256:. Garden City, New York: Country Life Press
352:granted a patent formally establishing the
1089:. Archived from the original on 2008-07-05
224:In addition to the family mansion and the
1466:. National Park Service. 1989. p. 79
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502:in 1844, was born on the island in 1820.
280:blankets." The Indians called the island
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692:In 2005, the Goelets offered to place a
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371:, wheat, fruit, tobacco, and livestock.
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668:ownership and direction of the island.
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1463:National Registry of Natural Landmarks
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1339:. East End Lighthouses. Archived from
1325:. p. 12 – via Google Books.
1206:"Captain William Kidd's cloth of gold"
1126:Hedges, Henry P. (1849). "Chapter 6".
1125:
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420:
413:, rubies, diamonds, candlesticks, and
401:, Kidd gave Mrs. Gardiner a length of
1317:Stevens, John Austin (January 1885).
1171:
616:, the former Fort Tyler was used for
284:, while Gardiner initially called it
64:5.184 sq mi (13.43 km)
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1264:– via longislandgeneology.com.
1172:Grant, Ellsworth S. (October 1975).
1132:– via longislandgenealogy.com.
1060:
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566:appropriated $ 500,000 to build the
268:people for "a large black dog, some
252:First English settlement in New York
180:The island has the largest stand of
1688:Private islands of New York (state)
1683:Islands of Suffolk County, New York
927:"The Last Lord Of Gardiners Island"
838:At 69.5 square miles (180 km)
313:Earl of Stirling, William Alexander
13:
439:New Hampshire Continental Infantry
14:
1709:
1608:
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790:
471:assembled in the harbor in 1814.
288:, because it reminded him of the
1450:– via Google News Archive.
1434:"Gardiners Is One Family Island"
1301:– via easthamptonstar.com.
1065:Gardiner, Curtiss Crane (1890).
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755:John Lyon Gardiner II, 1882–1910
330:Gardiner was given the title of
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1319:"The Manor of Gardiners Island"
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746:David Johnson Gardiner, 1825–29
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647:The island was designated as a
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161:in Massachusetts, owned by the
1337:"Gardiners Island Lighthouses"
1071:. St. Louis : A. Whipple.
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1008:
992:"Gardiners Island: What Next?"
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918:
889:
864:
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752:Samuel Buell Gardiner, 1861–82
494:, who was to become President
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1:
1673:East Hampton (town), New York
1382:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2015).
858:
582:, born on Gardiners Island.
207:
712:and Aswaw, his wife, deeded
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7:
1693:Islands of New York (state)
1514:(138): 41050. July 19, 2006
813:
651:(NNL) in April 1967 by the
524:Gardiners Island Lighthouse
10:
1714:
1557:the 16th Lord of the Manor
1384:American Seacoast Defenses
925:Trebay, Guy (2004-08-29).
778:Robert David Lion Gardiner
627:Robert David Lion Gardiner
256:The island was settled by
238:
233:Robert David Lion Gardiner
1106:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
871:Weigold, Mary E. (2015).
761:Joseph Gardiner sr 1969–
649:National Natural Landmark
578:(1841–1845), who married
510:Gardiners Island Windmill
487:Remainder of 19th century
226:Gardiners Island Windmill
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33:
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1620:Encyclopedia of New York
1279:. pp. 153–59, 241,
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774:Alexandra Gardiner Creel
743:Joseph Gardiner jr 1992
633:(brother and sister).
631:Alexandra Gardiner Creel
606:National Wildlife Refuge
247:Gardiners Island in 2007
196:. The island is home to
1678:Former English colonies
1599:The New York Civil List
1129:History of East Hampton
1083:"Another Isle of Wight"
367:on the island, raising
363:Gardiner established a
1087:Round-the-island.co.uk
1037:"Robert Gardiner Dies"
784:Alexandra Creel Goelet
768:Sarah Diodati Gardiner
749:John Gardiner, 1829–61
685:
636:From 1955 until 1963,
516:Gardiners Point Island
512:
350:Governor Thomas Dongan
248:
221:
216:Gardiners Island from
149:purchased it from the
1649:41.09667°N 72.10417°W
758:Lion Gardiner, 1910–?
694:conservation easement
681:
653:National Park Service
610:Franklin D. Roosevelt
508:
315:, who had been given
246:
215:
200:'s largest colony of
1253:East Hampton History
963:on February 18, 2006
803:Julia Gardiner Tyler
740:John Lyon Gardiner I
580:Julia Gardiner Tyler
560:Spanish–American War
518:is an tiny islet in
481:East Hampton village
339:Province of New York
1654:41.09667; -72.10417
1645: /
1624:Syracuse University
1174:"To The Manor Born"
710:Poggatacut (sachem)
663:Bickering ownership
498:'s second wife and
427:American Revolution
421:American Revolution
393:, and two boxes of
358:American Revolution
138:at the east end of
130:. It is located in
21:
1616:"Gardiners Island"
1580:. January 22, 1910
1578:The New York Times
1543:The New York Times
932:The New York Times
726:proprietary colony
513:
328:proprietary colony
262:Connecticut Colony
249:
222:
19:
1545:. August 24, 2004
1393:978-0-9748167-3-9
1299:East Hampton Star
1179:American Heritage
1004:on June 16, 2004.
594:5-inch M1900 guns
590:disappearing guns
469:burned Washington
462:Long Island Sound
332:Lord of the Manor
218:Springs, New York
175:old growth forest
112:Gardiner's Island
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309:New Netherlands
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159:Naushon Island
132:Gardiner's Bay
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47:Gardiners Bay
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1582:. Retrieved
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1518:November 20,
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1470:November 20,
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1446:December 23,
1444:. Retrieved
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1418:December 23,
1416:. Retrieved
1411:
1408:"Fort Tyler"
1402:
1383:
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1369:FortWiki.com
1368:
1365:"Fort Tyler"
1345:. Retrieved
1341:the original
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1258:. Retrieved
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1216:December 23,
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1112:Referencing
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1045:. Retrieved
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1021:, retrieved
1016:
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1002:the original
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958:the original
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688:21st century
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677:East Hampton
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614:World War II
603:
600:20th century
587:8-inch M1888
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572:Daniel Tyler
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532:Fresnel Lens
520:Block Island
514:
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383:William Kidd
378:
375:Captain Kidd
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354:East Hampton
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324:royal patent
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276:, and a few
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120:East Hampton
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1652: /
1549:January 29,
1412:dmna.ny.gov
1260:January 12,
915:, pp. 84-85
809:(1844–1845)
780:, 1953–2004
638:Sperry Rand
558:During the
458:War of 1812
456:During the
452:War of 1812
317:Long Island
190:wild cherry
186:swamp maple
140:Long Island
114:is a small
1667:Categories
1640:72°06′15″W
1637:41°05′48″N
1584:2014-01-29
1347:2012-03-26
1093:2020-12-23
1023:2021-05-16
967:2006-04-26
911:141658997X
902:Free Press
859:References
807:John Tyler
629:and niece
576:John Tyler
568:Fort Tyler
539:nor'easter
528:Fort Tyler
500:First Lady
496:John Tyler
435:John André
415:porringers
403:gold cloth
365:plantation
298:Pequot War
282:Manchonake
266:Montaukett
208:Structures
151:Montaukett
136:peninsulas
1295:"History"
714:Manchonat
704:Ownership
380:Privateer
182:white oak
169:Geography
155:Wyandanch
38:Geography
1239:: 72–84.
1210:OCLC.org
1102:cite web
814:See also
592:and two
477:Freetown
124:New York
87:New York
43:Location
1487:Newsday
1114:Newsday
997:Newsday
786:, 2004—
770:1937–53
550:⁄
294:England
239:History
202:ospreys
1390:
1047:16 Mar
908:
879:
840:Niihau
657:osprey
562:, the
395:silver
387:piracy
270:powder
153:chief
116:island
93:County
1574:(PDF)
1504:(PDF)
961:(PDF)
950:(PDF)
826:Notes
724:as a
278:Dutch
194:birch
83:State
1551:2014
1520:2016
1472:2016
1448:2020
1420:2020
1388:ISBN
1262:2007
1218:2020
1192:2020
1108:link
1049:2021
906:ISBN
877:ISBN
776:and
526:and
433:and
391:gold
369:corn
322:The
274:shot
272:and
192:and
61:Area
1281:260
1186:(6)
608:by
292:in
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1528:^
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