83:, an early electromechanical device for synthesizing speech. It became a forerunner of contemporary computer-based speech synthesis programs and was used by many scientists at Haskins to discover the critical cues for speech synthesis and recognition. Cooper designed other special-purpose synthesizers in the early 1950s, including Octopus, Voback, Intonator, and Alexander. Of these four, only the Voback and the Intonator, which were "parasitic on Homer Dudley's Vocoder", were used extensively for perceptual experiments. He was aided in the construction of these devices by the late John M. Borst.
206:
Cooper, F. S., Buchwald, C. E., Haskins, C. P., & Evans, R. D. Electron bombardment of biological materials: I. An electron tube for the production of homogeneous beams of cathode rays from one to fifteen kilovolts.
312:
Bolt, R. H., Cooper, F. S., David, E. E., Jr., Denes, P. B., Pickett, J. M., & Stevens, K. N. Speaker identification by speech spectrograms: A scientists' view of its reliability for legal purposes.
369:
209:
145:. After stepping down as president and research director at Haskins Laboratories, he served as associate research director until 1986. After retiring, he moved to
234:
Cooper, F. S., Liberman, A. M., & Borst, J. M. The interconversion of audible and visible patterns as a basis for research in the perception of speech.
118:
from 1955 to 1975. During this period he directed and provided theoretical input and guidance to many projects, including the
Haskins prototype for the
322:
305:
Sawashima, M., Abramson, A. S., Cooper, F. S., & Lisker, L. Observing laryngeal adjustments during running speech by use of a fiberoptics system.
130:. This led to a great deal of work at Haskins on the physiological mechanisms underlying the production of speech carried out under the leadership of
243:
Cooper, F. S., Delattre, P. C., Liberman, A. M., Borst, J. M., & Gerstman,L. J. Some experiments on the perception of synthetic speech sounds.
374:
236:
320:
Cooper, F. S., Gaitenby, J. H., & Nye, P. W. Evolution of
Reading Machines for the Blind: Haskins Laboratories' Research as a Case History.
186:
176:
298:
Cooper, F. S., Gaitenby, J. H., Mattingly, I. G., & Umeda, N. Reading aids for the blind: A special case of machine-to-man communication.
91:
245:
218:
160:
52:
354:
359:
349:
364:
56:
109:
282:
Cooper, F. S. Haskins
Laboratories: Research on human communication, marine ecology, and the biochemistry of protozoa.
252:
Liberman, A. M., Ingemann, F., Lisker, L., Delattre, P. C., & Cooper, F. S. Minimal rules for synthesizing speech.
291:
Cooper, F. S., & Mattingly, I. G. Computer-controlled PCM system for investigation of dichotic speech perception.
127:
126:
to look "upstream" in the musculature at the control of motor activity in speech. He was an early advocate of the
95:
17:
273:
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Shankweiler, D. P., & Studdert-Kennedy, M. Perception of the speech code.
266:
Cooper, F. S. Toward a high-performance reading machine for the blind. In Bennet, Degan, & Spiegel (Eds.),
142:
259:
Liberman, A. M., Cooper, F. S., Harris, K. S., & MacNeilage, P. F. A motor theory of speech perception.
197:
Cooper, F. S., & Kruger, P. G. Standard wavelengths in the copper spectrum in the region 80A to 650A.
55:
where he received his undergraduate degree in physics in 1931, and received his Ph.D. in physics from the
137:
Cooper had many academic positions and affiliations. He was the winner of many awards, including the
131:
68:
94:. He also returned to Washington in 1973, when he was selected to form a panel of six experts
146:
344:
339:
275:
115:
64:
8:
284:
106:
76:
38:
169:
138:
123:
80:
72:
158:
Abramson, A. S. (May 2000). "Franklin S. Cooper: Pioneer and educator in speech".
199:
181:
119:
98:
333:
227:
102:
87:
60:
42:
34:
71:, and studied speech and language. His primary interest was in
370:
Massachusetts
Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
97:
charged with investigating the famous 18-minute gap in the
114:
Cooper was the president and director of research at
67:, a nonprofit research laboratory that is located in
33:(April 29, 1908 – February 20, 1999) was an American
323:Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
167:Franklin S. Cooper, expert on speech perception.
331:
300:IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics
261:Proceedings of the Speech Communication Seminar
237:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
225:Cooper, F. S. Guidance devices for the blind.
122:for the blind. He also advocated a program in
92:Office of Scientific Research and Development
315:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
293:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
254:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
246:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
219:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
161:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
27:American physicist and inventor (1908–1999)
191:
86:During World War II, at the request of
14:
375:Grainger College of Engineering alumni
332:
57:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
41:who was a pioneer in speech research.
210:Review of Scientific Instrumentation
177:"The Secretary and the Tapes Tangle"
24:
25:
386:
216:Cooper, F. S. Spectrum analysis.
128:motor theory of speech perception
355:20th-century American physicists
90:, Cooper took a position in the
360:Haskins Laboratories scientists
350:20th-century American inventors
326:, 1984, Vol. 2l, No. 1., 51-87.
152:
270:. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
79:, which led him to invent the
13:
1:
365:Speech perception researchers
143:Acoustical Society of America
46:
7:
268:Human factors in technology
10:
391:
164:, Vol. 107, #5, 2825-2826.
99:White House office tapes
302:, 1969, AU-17, 266-270.
288:, 1967, 158, 1213-1215.
59:in 1936. In 1935, with
256:, 1959, 31, 1490-1499.
69:New Haven, Connecticut
53:University of Illinois
31:Franklin Seaney Cooper
192:Selected publications
185:, December 10, 1973.
147:Palo Alto, California
317:, 1970, 47, 597-612.
309:, 1970, 22, 193-201.
279:, 1967, 74, 431-461.
276:Psychological Review
249:, 1952, 24, 597-606.
222:, 1950, 22, 761-762.
116:Haskins Laboratories
65:Haskins Laboratories
240:, 1951, 37,318-325.
132:Katherine S. Harris
263:, Stockholm, 1962.
213:, 1939, 10, 74-77.
173:, March 10, 1999.
107:Watergate scandal
16:(Redirected from
382:
295:, 1969, 46, 115.
231:, 1950, 3, 6-14.
203:, 1933, 44, 324.
170:Palo Alto Weekly
124:electromyography
81:pattern playback
73:speech synthesis
51:He attended the
21:
390:
389:
385:
384:
383:
381:
380:
379:
330:
329:
200:Physical Review
194:
155:
120:reading machine
105:related to the
49:
28:
23:
22:
18:Franklin Cooper
15:
12:
11:
5:
388:
378:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
328:
327:
318:
310:
303:
296:
289:
280:
271:
264:
257:
250:
241:
232:
223:
214:
204:
193:
190:
189:
188:
174:
165:
154:
151:
48:
45:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
387:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
335:
325:
324:
319:
316:
311:
308:
304:
301:
297:
294:
290:
287:
286:
281:
278:
277:
272:
269:
265:
262:
258:
255:
251:
248:
247:
242:
239:
238:
233:
230:
229:
228:Physics Today
224:
221:
220:
215:
212:
211:
205:
202:
201:
196:
195:
187:
184:
183:
178:
175:
172:
171:
166:
163:
162:
157:
156:
150:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
110:
108:
104:
103:Richard Nixon
101:of President
100:
96:
93:
89:
88:Vannevar Bush
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:, he founded
62:
61:Caryl Haskins
58:
54:
44:
43:
40:
36:
32:
19:
321:
314:
306:
299:
292:
283:
274:
267:
260:
253:
244:
235:
226:
217:
208:
198:
180:
168:
159:
153:Bibliography
139:Silver Medal
136:
113:
85:
50:
30:
29:
345:1999 deaths
340:1908 births
149:, in 1989.
334:Categories
77:perception
307:Phonetica
141:from the
47:Biography
35:physicist
39:inventor
285:Science
182:Time
75:and
37:and
336::
179:.
134:.
111:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.