31:
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had not yet been discovered, and it was thought that the N nucleus contains 14 protons and 7 electrons, or an odd number (21) of particles in total which would correspond to a half-integral spin. The Raman spectrum observed by
Rasetti provided the first experimental evidence that this proton-electron
251:
From the 1950s onward, he gradually shifted his commitment to naturalistic studies, which had been his great interest outside of physics already as a child. He devoted himself to geology, paleontology, entomology, and botany, becoming one of the most authoritative scholars of the
Cambrian geological
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are more populated than the even levels. The transitions originating from odd levels are therefore more intense as observed by
Rasetti. In dinitrogen, however, Rasetti observed that the lines originating from even levels are more intense. This implies by a similar analysis that the
336:
model of the nucleus is inadequate, because the predicted half-integral spin has as a consequence that transitions from odd rotational levels would be more intense than those from even levels, due to nuclear spin isomerism as shown by
Herzberg and Heitler for dihydrogen. After the
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by organic liquids, Rasetti decided to study the same phenomenon in gases at high pressure during his stay at
Caltech in 1928–29. The spectra showed vibrational transitions with rotational fine structure. In the homonuclear diatomic molecules
344:
proposed that the nucleus contains protons and neutrons, and the N nucleus contains 7 protons and 7 neutrons. The even total number (14) of particles corresponds to an integral spin in agreement with
Rasetti's spectrum.
834:
210:
In 1939 the advance of fascism and the deteriorating
Italian political situation led him to leave Italy, following the example of his colleagues Fermi, Segré and
203:. In 1934, he participated in the discovery of the artificial radioactivity of fluorine and aluminium which would be critical in the development of the
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104:(August 10, 1901 – December 5, 2001) was an Italian (later naturalized American) physicist, paleontologist and botanist. Together with
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Clark, Robin J. H. (1989), Flint, Colin D. (ed.), "Raman, Resonance Raman and
Electronic Raman Spectroscopy",
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He is also credited with the first example of electronic (as opposed to vibronic) Raman scattering in
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P.W. Atkins and J. de Paula, "Atkins' Physical
Chemistry" (8th edn, W.H. Freeman 2006) p.451
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296:, Rasetti found an alternation of strong and weak lines. This alternation was explained by
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41:) in the courtyard of Rome University's Physics Institute in Via Panisperna, about 1934.
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For dihydrogen, each nucleus is a proton of spin 1/2, so that it can be shown using
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is not composed of protons and electrons, as was incorrectly believed at the time.
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218:, but unlike many of his colleagues, he refused for moral reasons to work on the
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This result was difficult to understand at the time, however, because the
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233:(Canada), where he was founding chairman of the physics department.
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Rasetti, F. (1930-09-01). "Ăśber das
Ramanspektrum des Stickoxyds".
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work and writing are noted for the elegance, simplicity and beauty
703:, NATO ASI Series, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, p. 322,
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in 1923, and Fermi invited him to join his research group at the
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in 1929 which provided the first experimental evidence that the
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Rasetti was one of Fermi's main collaborators in the study of
547:. Denman Institute Research on Trilobites. Archived from
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In 1947, he moved to the United States where he became a
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Raman spectroscopy and the model of the atomic nucleus
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and Enrico Fermi, as well as the institute's director
638:(2nd edition, van Nostrand Reinhold 1950), p.133-140
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240:in 1952. Until 1967, he held a chair in physics at
835:Academic staff of the Sapienza University of Rome
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192:. Rasetti remained in this position until 1938.
369:for his contributions to Cambrian paleontology.
734:. National Academy of Sciences. Archived from
487:"Franco Dino Rasetti, 100, a Nuclear Pioneer"
149:(Caltech), he carried out experiments on the
263:obituary noted that Rasetti was one of the
539:Ludvigsen, Rolf; Brian Chatterton (2002).
214:. With Fermi he had discovered the key to
164:In 1930, he was appointed to the chair in
29:
701:Vibronic Processes in Inorganic Chemistry
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108:, he discovered key processes leading to
35:Enrico Fermi and his research group (the
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840:Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal winners
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795:Italian emigrants to the United States
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574:"Obituary: Franco Rasetti (1901–2001)"
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444:Battimelli, Giovanni (December 2002).
395:"Obituary: Franco Rasetti (1901–2001)"
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485:Saxon, Wolfgang (December 25, 2001).
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820:Academic staff of Université Laval
147:California Institute of Technology
145:In 1928-1929 during a stay at the
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14:
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732:"Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal"
259:, Belgium at the age of 100. The
112:. Rasetti refused to work on the
810:20th-century American physicists
790:People from Castiglione del Lago
765:Smithsonian Institution Archives
225:From 1939 to 1947, he taught at
168:at the Physics Institute of the
800:20th-century Italian physicists
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641:
363:Charles Doolittle Walcott Medal
95:Marie Madeline Hennin (m. 1949)
628:
562:
541:"Franco Rasetti (1901 - 2001)"
532:
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511:Caltech oral history interview
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636:Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
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709:10.1007/978-94-009-1029-4_14
367:National Academy of Sciences
153:. He measured a spectrum of
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815:American nuclear physicists
361:In 1952 he was awarded the
328:of nitrogen is an integer.
10:
871:
805:Italian nuclear physicists
761:Franco Dino Rasetti Papers
446:"Obituary: Franco Rasetti"
830:American men centenarians
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317:Pauli exclusion principle
265:most prolific generalists
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72:
50:
28:
21:
338:discovery of the neutron
242:Johns Hopkins University
45:is the second from right
845:Italian paleontologists
279:After the discovery of
650:Zeitschrift fĂĽr Physik
306:nuclear spin isomerism
128:, Italy. He earned a
825:Italian centenarians
304:as a consequence of
199:and neutron-induced
126:Castiglione del Lago
124:Rasetti was born in
65:Castiglione del Lago
662:1930ZPhy...66..646R
545:Trilobite Papers 14
528:Atoms in the Family
515:Judith R. Goodstein
462:2002PhT....55l..76B
238:naturalized citizen
102:Franco Dino Rasetti
38:Via Panisperna boys
670:10.1007/BF01421125
491:The New York Times
190:Orso Mario Corbino
170:University of Rome
140:University of Rome
136:University of Pisa
134:in physics at the
116:on moral grounds.
718:978-94-009-1029-4
517:, 4 February 1982
471:10.1063/1.1537927
342:Werner Heisenberg
321:rotational levels
313:quantum mechanics
220:Manhattan project
114:Manhattan Project
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16:Italian physicist
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281:Raman scattering
227:Laval University
212:Bruno Pontecorvo
174:Oscar D'Agostino
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76:December 5, 2001
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186:Ettore Majorana
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120:Life and career
110:nuclear fission
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80:(aged 100)
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61:August 10, 1901
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755:External links
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738:on 13 May 2011
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182:Edoardo Amaldi
159:atomic nucleus
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740:. Retrieved
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634:G.Herzberg,
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553:. Retrieved
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350:nitric oxide
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326:nuclear spin
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178:Emilio Segrè
166:spectroscopy
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151:Raman effect
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106:Enrico Fermi
101:
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78:(2001-12-05)
42:
36:
785:2001 deaths
780:1901 births
742:14 February
255:He died in
231:Quebec City
205:atomic bomb
774:Categories
555:2016-03-15
374:References
155:dinitrogen
57:1901-08-10
763:from the
686:122114800
678:0044-3328
340:in 1932,
246:Baltimore
86:, Belgium
602:11832928
572:(2002).
423:11832928
393:(2002).
315:and the
197:neutrons
658:Bibcode
610:2625830
458:Bibcode
431:2625830
365:by the
333:neutron
257:Waremme
84:Waremme
67:, Italy
715:
684:
676:
608:
600:
579:Nature
429:
421:
400:Nature
356:Awards
267:whose
261:Nature
131:Laurea
92:Spouse
682:S2CID
606:S2CID
427:S2CID
292:and O
252:era.
744:2011
713:ISBN
674:ISSN
598:PMID
419:PMID
300:and
73:Died
51:Born
705:doi
666:doi
588:doi
584:415
513:by
466:doi
409:doi
405:415
288:, N
244:in
229:in
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654:66
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