Mammoth Cave National Park

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the discoverer of the cave, but this is highly unlikely because Johnny Dick was only 10 years old in 1797 and was unlikely to be out hunting bears at such an age. His father John is the more likely candidate from that branch of the family tree, but the most probable candidate for discoverer of Mammoth Cave is Francis "Frank" Houchin, whose land was much closer to the cave entrance than his brother John's. There is also the argument that their brother Charles Houchin, who was known as a great hunter and trapper, was the man who shot that bear and chased it into the cave. The shadow over Charles's claim is the fact that he was residing in Illinois until 1801. Contrary to this story is Brucker and Watson's

902:, a young German mining engineer, arrived at the cave by way of New York. Kämper had just graduated from technical college and his family had sent him on a trip abroad as a graduation present. Originally intending to spend two weeks at Mammoth Cave, Kämper spent several months. With the assistance of Ed Bishop, a Mammoth Cave Guide, Kämper produced a remarkably accurate instrumental survey of many kilometers of Mammoth Cave, including many new discoveries. Reportedly, Kämper also produced a corresponding survey of the land surface overlying the cave: this information was to be useful in the opening of other entrances to the cave, as soon happened with the Violet City entrance. 372: 2074: 799: 78: 730: 61: 106: 884:

competition between local cave owners for tourist money. Broad tactics of deception were used to lure visitors away from their intended destination to other private show caves. Misleading signs were placed along the roads leading to the Mammoth Cave. A typical strategy during the early days of automobile travel involved representatives (known as "cappers") of other private show caves hopping aboard a tourist's car's running board, and leading the passengers to believe that Mammoth Cave was closed, quarantined, caved in or otherwise inaccessible.

1115: 664: 1098:(52 kg) crawled through a narrow canyon later dubbed the "Tight Spot", which acted as a filter for larger cavers. A subsequent trip past the Tight Spot on August 30, 1972, by Wilcox, Crowther, Richard Zopf, and Tom Brucker discovered the name "Pete H" inscribed on the wall of a river passage with an arrow pointing in the direction of Mammoth Cave. The name is believed to have been carved by Warner P. "Pete" Hanson, who was active in exploring the cave in the 1930s. Hanson had been killed in 710: 1155:. So far, the Fisher Ridge Cave System has been mapped to 131 miles (211 km). In 1976, Rick Schwartz discovered a large cave south of the Mammoth Cave park boundary. This cave became known as the Martin Ridge Cave System in 1996, as new exploration connected the 3 nearby caves of Whigpistle Cave (Schwartz's original entrance), Martin Ridge Cave, and Jackpot Cave. As of 2018, the Martin Ridge Cave System had been mapped to a length of 34 miles (55 km), and exploration continued. 1006: 876: 542: 10298: 427: 4237: 9080: 2487: 10372: 9901: 113: 85: 978: 493: 939: 1079: 419:, in which tiny conduits (cave passages too small to enter) are dissolved by the natural acidity of groundwater. The epikarstic zone concentrates local flows of runoff into high-elevation springs which emerge at the edges of ridges. The resurgent water from these springs typically flows briefly on the surface before sinking underground again at elevation of the contact between the sandstone 9846: 1127:

connected to the Proctor/Morrison's section of the Mammoth Cave System on September 10, 1983. The connection was made by two mixed parties of CRF and CKKC explorers. Each party entered through a separate entrance and met in the middle before continuing in the same direction to exit at the opposite entrance. The resulting total surveyed length was near 300 miles (480 km).

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be surveyed and mapped with greater accuracy. Kämper returned to Berlin, and from the point of the 1906 construction of the dam at Brownsville, pointing out that this made a full hydrologic study of the cave impossible. Among his precise descriptions of the hydrogeologic setting of Mammoth Cave, Martel offered the speculative conclusion that Mammoth Cave was connected to Salts and

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On March 19, 2005, a connection into the Roppel Cave portion of the system was surveyed from a small cave under Eudora Ridge, adding approximately three miles to the known length of the Mammoth Cave System. The newly found entrance to the cave, now termed the "Hoover Entrance", had been discovered in

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Finally, on September 9, 1972, a six-person CRF team of Wilcox, Crowther, Zopf, Gary Eller, Stephen Wells, and Cleveland Pinnix (a National Park Service ranger) followed Hanson's Lost River downstream to discover its connection with Echo River in Cascade Hall of Mammoth Cave. With this linking of the

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The difficulties of farming life in the hardscrabble, poor soil of the cave-country influenced local owners of smaller nearby caves to see opportunities for commercial exploitation, particularly given the success of Mammoth Cave as a tourist attraction. The "Kentucky Cave Wars" was a period of bitter

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Stephen Bishop was introduced to Mammoth Cave in 1838 by Franklin Gorin. Gorin wrote, after Bishop's death: "I placed a guide in the cave – the celebrated and great Stephen, and he aided in making the discoveries. He was the first person who ever crossed the Bottomless Pit, and he, myself and another

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An exception to purposeful burial was discovered when in 1935 the remains of an adult male were found under a large boulder. The boulder had shifted and settled onto the victim, a pre-Columbian miner, who had disturbed the rubble supporting it. The remains of the ancient victim were named "Lost John"

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However, the sandstone caprock layer has been dissolved and eroded at many locations within the park, such as the Frozen Niagara room. The contact between limestone and sandstone can be found by hiking from the valley bottoms to the ridgetops: typically, as one approaches the top of a ridge, one sees

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magazine explains that this gives "Credulous believers in ghosts... confirmation of their superstitious beliefs" who tell of hearing Melissa weeping and calling out for her murdered tutor. Nickell states that it is common to hear sounds in caves which "the brain interprets (as words and weeping)...

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At the same time, discoveries made outside the park by an independent group called the Central Kentucky Karst Coalition or CKKC resulted in the survey of tens of miles in Roppel Cave east of the park. Discovered in 1976, Roppel Cave was briefly on the list of the nation's longest caves before it was

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Some of the participants in the C-3 expedition wished to continue their explorations past the conclusion of the C-3 Expedition, and organized as the Flint Ridge Reconnaissance under the guidance of Austin, Jim Dyer, John J. Lehrberger and E. Robert Pohl. This organization was incorporated in 1957 as

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In the early 1920s, George Morrison created, via blasting, a number of entrances to Mammoth Cave on land not owned by the Croghan Estate. Absent the data from the Croghan's secretive surveys, performed by Kämper, Bishop, and others, which had not been published in a form suitable for determining the

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The Croghan family suppressed the topographic element of Kämper's map, and it is not known to survive today, although the cave map portion of Kämper's work stands as a triumph of accurate cave cartography: not until the early 1960s and the advent of the modern exploration period would these passages

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Further connections between Mammoth Cave and smaller caves or cave systems have followed, notably to Proctor/Morrison Cave beneath nearby Joppa Ridge in 1979. Proctor Cave was discovered by Jonathan Doyle, a Union Army deserter during the Civil War, and was later owned by the Mammoth Cave Railroad,

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By 1954, Mammoth Cave National Park's land holdings encompassed all lands within its outer boundary with the exception of two privately held tracts. One of these, the old Lee Collins farm, had been sold to Harry Thomas of Horse Cave, Kentucky, whose grandson, William "Bill" Austin, operated Collins

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spent ten years exploring the Flint Ridge Cave System (the most important legacy of these explorations was his discovery of Floyd Collins' Crystal Cave and exploration in Salts Cave) before dying at Sand Cave, Kentucky, in 1925. While exploring Sand Cave, he dislodged a rock onto his leg while in a

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The purpose of Mammoth Cave National Park is to preserve, protect, interpret, and study the internationally recognized biological and geologic features and processes associated with the longest known cave system in the world, the park’s diverse forested, karst landscape, the Green and Nolin rivers,

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It is certain that many more miles of cave passages await discovery in the region. Discovery of new natural entrances is a rare event: the primary mode of discovery involves the pursuit of side passages identified during routine systematic exploration of cave passages entered from known entrances.

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Legend has it that the first European to visit Mammoth Cave was either John Houchin or his brother Francis Houchin, in 1797. While hunting, Houchin pursued a wounded bear to the cave's large entrance opening near the Green River. Some Houchin Family tales have John Decatur "Johnny Dick" Houchin as

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Each of the primary layers of limestone is divided further into named geological units and sub-units. One area of cave research involves correlating the stratigraphy with the cave survey produced by explorers. This makes it possible to produce approximate three-dimensional maps of the contours of

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During the 1960s, Cave Research Foundation (CRF) exploration and mapping teams had found passageways in the Flint Ridge Cave System that penetrated under Houchins Valley and came within 800 feet (240 m) of known passages in Mammoth Cave. In 1972, CRF Chief Cartographer John Wilcox pursued an

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When Wilkins died his estate's executors sold his interest in the cave to Gratz. In the spring of 1838, the cave was sold by the Gratz brothers to Franklin Gorin, who intended to operate Mammoth Cave purely as a tourist attraction, the bottom long having since fallen out of the saltpeter market.

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Besides the remains that have been discovered in the portion of the cave accessible through the historic entrance of Mammoth Cave, the remains of cane torches used by Native Americans as well as other artifacts such as drawings, gourd fragments, and woven grass moccasin slippers are found in the

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Colossal Cave was connected by survey to Salts Cave in 1960 and in 1961 Colossal-Salts cave was similarly connected to Crystal-Unknown cave, creating a single cave system under much of Flint Ridge. By 1972, the Flint Ridge Cave System had been surveyed to a length of 86.5 miles (139.2 km),

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Ancient human remains and artifacts within the caves are protected by various federal and state laws. One of the most basic facts to be determined about a newly discovered artifact is its precise location and situation. Even slightly moving a prehistoric artifact contaminates it from a research

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According to the National Park Service, "By May 22, 1936, 27,402 acres (11,089 ha) of land had been acquired and accepted by the Secretary of the Interior. The area was declared a national park on July 1, 1941, when the minimum of 45,310 acres (18,340 ha) (over 600 parcels) had been

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geographic extent of the cave, it was now conclusively shown that the Croghans had been for years exhibiting portions of Mammoth Cave which were not under land they owned. Lawsuits were filed and, for a time, different entrances to the cave were operated in direct competition with each other.

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enabling Watson and others to determine the age of the specimens. An analysis of their content, also pioneered by Watson, allows determination of the relative content of plant and meat in the diet of either culture over a period spanning several thousand years. This analysis indicates a timed

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offers several cave tours to visitors. Some notable features of the cave, such as Grand Avenue, Frozen Niagara, and Fat Man's Misery, can be seen on lighted tours ranging from one to six hours in length. Two tours, lit only by visitor-carried paraffin lamps, are popular alternatives to the

4040:, the slave who gained fame as a guide and explorer at Mammoth Cave from 1838 until his death in 1857, this historical novel is written from the perspective of Bishop's wife, Charlotte. Although it is a novel, Brucker has claimed the book does not alter any known historical facts. 2284:

The cave's name refers to the large width and length of the passages connecting to the Rotunda just inside the entrance. The name was used long before the extensive cave system was more fully explored and mapped, to reveal a mammoth length of passageways. No fossils of the

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has co-authored four nonfiction books and authored one historical novel on the history and exploration of the Mammoth Cave System. They are presented here not in the order of publication, but in the order in which the events of the books' major narratives took place:

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magazine in 1858 told a fictional story of a woman, Melissa, who murdered her tutor who did not return her love, by abandoning him in the cave without a lamp. According to the story, Melissa goes back into the cave fifteen years later to end her misery. Researcher

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since 1972, when a connection was discovered between Mammoth Cave and the even-longer system under Flint Ridge to the north. As of 2022, more than 426 miles (686 km) of passageways had been surveyed, over 1.5 times longer than the second-longest cave system,

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As the last of the Croghan heirs died, advocacy grew among wealthy citizens of Kentucky for the establishment of Mammoth Cave National Park. Private citizens formed the Mammoth Cave National Park Association in 1924. The park was authorized May 25, 1926.

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Gorin was a slave owner, and used his slaves as tour guides. Stephen Bishop was one of these slaves and would make a number of important contributions to human knowledge of the cave, becoming one of Mammoth Cave's most celebrated historical figures.

3444: 4067:(pbk.) Details the story of the 1954 week-long C3 expedition from the separate points of view of the leader and an ordinary participant in the expedition, who went on to become one of the leaders of the then-nascent modern period of exploration. 569:

and exhibited to the public into the 1970s, when they were interred in a secret location in Mammoth Cave for reasons of preservation as well as emerging political sensitivities with respect to the public display of Native American remains.

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Located 7 miles (11 km) from the visitors center is Diamond Caverns. On display there is a stagecoach used to ferry visitors from the nearby Bells Tavern train stop in Park City, Kentucky to both Diamond Caverns and Mammoth Cave.

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perspective. Explorers are properly trained not to disturb archaeological evidence, and some areas of the cave remain out-of-bounds for even seasoned explorers, unless the subject of the trip is archaeological research on that area.

4090:, though its revered status in the literature and the reputations of the authors are hardly in doubt. The 1989 reprint includes an Afterword by the authors referring to the 1983 Roppel–Mammoth connection and other subsequent events. 460:

The upper sandstone caprock is relatively hard for water to penetrate: the exceptions are where vertical cracks occur. This protective layer means that many of the older, upper passages of the cave system are very dry, with no

2332:, which is a fictionalized hotline number providing information about the Echo River for "drifters" and "pilgrims". The game's third act itself also partially takes place within the Mammoth Cave system, and has references to 759:

A half-interest in the cave changed hands for ten thousand dollars (equivalent to over $ 150,000 in 2020). After the war when prices fell, the workings were abandoned and it became a minor tourist attraction centering on a

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For legal reasons, the federal government was prohibited from restoring or developing the cleared farmsteads while the private Association held the land: this regulation was evaded by the operation of "a maximum of four"

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named Pete who arrived at the guide house on or around every April 20, starting in 1938. The bird ate from food held in the hands of the guides, to the delight of visitors, and provided food to his less-tame mate.

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University of Kentucky Press. Told by a scholar of early 20th century journalism and a veteran of the modern period of Mammoth Cave exploration, this book details the events of the entrapment and attempted rescue of

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In 1866, the first photos from within the Mammoth Cave were taken by Charles Waldack, a photographer from Cincinnati, Ohio, using a very dangerous method of flash photography called magnesium flash photography.

3436: 1047:. The organization sought to legitimize the cave explorers' activity through the support of original academic and scientific research. Notable scientists who studied Mammoth Cave during this period include 508:

The Echo River Tour, one of the cave's most famous attractions, took visitors on a boat ride along an underground river. The tour was discontinued for logistic and environmental reasons in the early 1990s.

408:, which has made the system remarkably stable. It is known to include more than 400 miles (640 km) of passageway. New discoveries and connections add several miles/kilometers to this figure each year. 828:

Throughout the 19th century, the fame of Mammoth Cave would grow so that the cave became an international sensation. At the same time, the cave attracted the attention of 19th century writers such as

4145:. 31 chapters by the foremost worker in the field of Mammoth Cave archaeology and several of her colleagues. The reprinted edition includes a brief new introduction and a brief updated bibliography. 1106:

Flint Ridge and Mammoth Cave systems, the "Everest of speleology" had been climbed. The integrated cave system contained 144.4 miles (232.4 km) of surveyed passages and had fourteen entrances.

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on an industrial scale, utilizing a labor force of 70 slaves to build and operate the soil leaching apparatus, as well as to haul the raw soil from deep in the cave to the central processing site.

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in the cave in 1842–43, the vapors of which he believed would cure his patients. A widespread epidemic of the period, tuberculosis would ultimately claim the life of Dr. Croghan in 1849.

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had estimated populations of 9–12 million just in the Historic Section. While these species still exist in Mammoth Cave, their numbers are now no more than a few thousand at best.

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In some cases, slump blocks of sandstone have broken off the ridgetops and tumbled down the limestone slopes below, rendering the local contact layer less clearly defined.

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In July 1812, the cave was purchased from Simon and other owners by Charles Wilkins and an investor from Philadelphia named Hyman Gratz. Soon the cave was being mined for

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before being explored by the CRF. Morrison cave was discovered by George Morrison in the 1920s. This connection pushed the frontier of Mammoth exploration southeastward.

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Robert H. Bendt; September 8, 1968 – January 23, 1971; assigned line supervision of Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site, September 2, 1970 – April 27, 1975

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The park was established as a national park on July 1, 1941, after oft-contentious eminent-domain proceedings whose consequences still affect the region. It was named a

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at Mammoth Cave National Park Visitor Center at 722 ft (220 m) elevation is 6b with an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -3.2 °F (-19.6 °C).

4177:. Kentucky Geological Survey, Series X, 1962. Special Publication 7, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky. Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky. 3689: 717:

The land containing this historic entrance was first surveyed and registered in 1798 under the name of Valentine Simons. Simons began exploiting Mammoth Cave for its

11591: 8036: 844:(early September 1867), the Rev. Horace Carter Hovey, and others. As a result of the growing renown of Mammoth Cave, the cave boasted famous visitors such as actor 641: 171: 997:

The New Entrance, closed to visitors since 1941, was reopened on December 26, 1951, becoming the entrance used for the beginning of the Frozen Niagara tour.

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and the underlying massive limestones. It is in these underlying massive limestone layers that the human-explorable caves of the region have naturally developed.

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Donated funds were used to purchase some farmsteads in the region, while other tracts within the proposed national park boundary were acquired by right of

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In addition, some surface animals may take refuge in the entrances of the caves but do not generally venture into the deep portions of the cavern system.

994:. R. Taylor Hoskins, the second Acting Superintendent under the old Association, became the first official Superintendent, a position he held until 1951. 867:

who together gave a concert in one of the caves. Two chambers in the caves have since been known as "Booth's Amphitheatre" and "Ole Bull's Concert Hall".

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The section of the Green River that flows through the park is legally designated as "Kentucky Wild River" by the Kentucky General Assembly, through the

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of this portion of Mammoth Cave, and facilitating the return of bats, is an ongoing effort. Not all bat species here inhabit the cave; the red bat (

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aggressive program to finally connect the caves, fielding several expeditions from the Flint Ridge side as well as exploring leads in Mammoth Cave.

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bought the Mammoth Cave Estate, including Bishop and its other slaves from their previous owner, Franklin Gorin. Croghan briefly ran an ill-fated

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leaves off, carries the story of Mammoth Cave Exploration from September 10, 1972, to September 10, 1983, when a connection was surveyed between

2402:". Melissa is pure fiction, but author Blake did visit Mammoth Cave with her husband Frank Umsted, "traveling by train, steamer, and stagecoach". 2269:. The Mississippian limestone has yielded fossils of more than a dozen species of shark. In 2020, scientists reported the discovery of part of a 2194: 9593: 9240: 8191: 8076: 8021: 4149:

Carstens, Kenneth C (1980) Archaeological Investigations in the Central Kentucky Karst, 2 vols., Doctoral dissertation, Dep't of Anthropology,

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September 2003, by Alan Canon and James Wells. Incremental discoveries since then have pushed the total to more than 400 miles (640 km).

105: 11666: 11383: 7551: 7536: 4110: 3470: 3381: 3874:"National Park Service announces leadership changes at Mammoth Cave National Park - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" 1151:. The Fisher Ridge Cave System was discovered in January 1981 by a group of Michigan cavers associated with the Detroit Urban Grotto of the 453:. The large Main Cave passage seen on the Historic Tour is located at the bottom of the Girkin and the top of the Ste. Genevieve Formation. 11636: 10552: 9111: 7556: 11661: 11410: 10520: 10432: 9911: 9642: 9275: 9134: 8755: 8596: 7546: 5607: 4290: 3852: 3660: 3552: 301: 4153:. Carstens, Kenneth C (1973) Archaeological Reconnaissance in Mammoth Cave National Park. Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, 2923: 10049: 9768: 9502: 9365: 9175: 8760: 3873: 3712: 2536: 11130: 1014:

Crystal Cave as a show cave in direct competition with the national park, which was forced to maintain roads leading to the property.

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would draw prominent Kentuckians to initiate a movement which would result in the formation of Mammoth Cave National Park in 1941.

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remains have been recovered from Mammoth Cave, or other nearby caves in the region, in both the 19th and 20th centuries. Most were

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electric-lit routes. Several "wild" tours venture away from the developed parts of the cave into muddy crawls and dusty tunnels.

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stems from his experiences caving in Mammoth Cave National Park. Examples include "Answer Back" from 1968, and the book-length

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Mummies of Mammoth Cave: An account of the Indian mummies discovered in Short Cave, Salts Cave, and Mammoth Cave, Kentucky

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was organized at the invitation of Austin: this expedition became known as C-3, or the Collins Crystal Cave Expedition.

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The C-3 expedition drew public interest, first from a photo essay published by Robert Halmi in the July 1954 issue of

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who explored and exploited caves in the region. Preserved by the constant cave environment, dietary evidence yielded

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In March 1961, the Crystal Cave property was sold to the National Park Service for $ 285,000. At the same time, the

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and extensive evidence of human history; and to provide and promote public enjoyment, recreation, and understanding.

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tight crawlway and was unable to be rescued before dying of starvation. Attempts to rescue Collins created a mass

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New York : Knopf (reprinted 1987, with afterword: Carbondale, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press)

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In 1955, Crystal Cave was connected by survey with Unknown Cave, the first connection in the Flint Ridge system.

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person whose name I have forgotten were the only persons ever at the bottom of Gorin's Dome to my knowledge."

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and the southern reaches of Mammoth Cave. Details the origins of the Central Kentucky Karst Coalition (CKKC).

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the outcrops of exposed rock change in composition from limestone to sandstone at a well-defined elevation.

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have ever been found in Mammoth Cave, and the name of the cave has nothing to do with this extinct mammal.

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Mammoth Cave National Park was dedicated on July 1, 1941. The same year saw the incorporation of the

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which prohibited all foreign trade. The blockade starved the American military of saltpeter and therefore

11393: 11220: 10213: 9761: 9684: 9360: 9305: 8943: 8895: 8840: 8805: 8657: 7185: 6774: 6645: 4645: 4336: 959: 5670: 4812: 3148: 11586: 11333: 11175: 11170: 11160: 11115: 10528: 10077: 9964: 9747: 9726: 9719: 9712: 9621: 9600: 9579: 9565: 9523: 9509: 9335: 9330: 9325: 9260: 9245: 9230: 9220: 9190: 9180: 8910: 8890: 8297: 8091: 7825: 5767: 5054: 4276: 2566: 9663: 9290: 2655: 11576: 11140: 10122: 9880: 9859: 9698: 9691: 9677: 9635: 9628: 9551: 9516: 9445: 9430: 9315: 9310: 9300: 9270: 9265: 9210: 9185: 8677: 7795: 6903: 5928: 4564: 2183: 1172: 1091: 517: 313: 136: 5438: 3853:"Sarah Craighead selected as Mammoth Cave National Park superintendent - Mammoth Cave National Park" 11596: 11506: 11378: 10348: 10267: 10092: 10018: 9987: 9831: 9754: 9586: 9410: 9355: 9235: 8933: 8875: 8820: 8730: 8578: 8289: 7765: 7760: 7412: 7007: 6240: 5207: 4507: 4083: 4082:(pbk.) A comprehensive story of the exploration of Mammoth Cave told by two of the founders of the 3890: 2405:

The rock band Black Stone Cherry reference Mammoth Cave in their 2008 song 'Ghost of Floyd Collins'

2133: 1148: 1144: 1044: 640:

by William Pollard. 19,897 acres (8,052 ha) of the "Pollard Survey" between the North bank of

613: 446: 284: 3466: 3389: 784:

and a guide to the cave during the 1840s and 1850s, was one of the first people to make extensive

10992: 10865: 10612: 10343: 9866: 9852: 9796: 9435: 9425: 9385: 8928: 8855: 8850: 8835: 8810: 8136: 7885: 6950: 6153: 5557: 4990: 4824: 4661: 4316: 3581: 2315: 2058: 1994: 1194:

Climate data for Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1934–present)

833: 321: 144: 8096: 2952:, Cave and Karst Systems of the World, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 63–76, 2889: 1082:

River Styx, one of the cave's semi-subterranean waterways, emerges onto the surface in the park.

11145: 10784: 10297: 10257: 10127: 10039: 10010: 9887: 9544: 9495: 9488: 9481: 9450: 9205: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9054: 8958: 8860: 8615: 8501: 8224: 8219: 7955: 7840: 7175: 6813: 6661: 6143: 5712: 5191: 5126: 4864: 4727: 4627: 3953:

One Hundred Miles in Mammoth Cave in 1880: an early exploration of America's most famous cavern

3280:

Hobbs III, Horton H.; Olson, Rickard A.; Winkler, Elizabeth G.; Culver, David C., eds. (2017).

2137: 829: 645: 457:

the various layer boundaries without the necessity for test wells and extracting core samples.

325: 10825: 6194: 3856: 3652: 3095: 737:

In partnership with Valentine Simon, various other individuals would own the land through the

371: 11543: 11150: 10480: 10464: 10097: 10059: 9824: 9817: 9782: 9405: 9400: 9375: 8938: 8885: 8800: 7810: 7780: 7376: 7236: 7100: 6666: 5880: 5549: 5340: 5325: 5018: 3068: 2915: 2685: 2516: 2377: 2340: 2199: 2042: 927: 892: 501: 317: 309: 230: 159: 140: 9925: 7647: 5613: 4879: 4429: 4265:", 20 photos, 12 measured drawings, 37 data pages, 2 photo caption pages 3967:

Hovey's Handbook of The Mammoth Cave of Kentucky: A Practical Guide to the Regulation Routes

3877: 3709: 3067:

David Rains Wallace; United States. National Park Service. Division of Publications (2003).

11555: 11328: 11313: 11293: 11277: 10589: 10387: 10338: 10312: 10242: 10232: 9474: 9467: 9155: 9145: 8963: 8953: 8046: 7703: 7402: 7386: 7262: 6671: 6362: 5962: 5905: 5890: 5752: 5660: 5397: 5335: 4700: 4638: 3955:. with introductory note by William R. Jones. Golden, Colorado: Outbooks. (Copyright 1982) 2861:"Directions & Transportation - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" 2204: 2157: 814: 798: 513: 412: 5371: 729: 8: 11511: 11235: 11230: 11120: 10902: 9059: 7935: 7880: 7278: 7241: 7190: 7065: 6040: 5747: 5665: 5630: 5625: 5600: 5562: 5151: 4924: 4712: 4559: 4193: 3936:

First Park Superintendent R. Taylor Hoskins describes the yearly visits of "Pete" a tame

3614: 3519:"Scientists have found a 330-million-year-old shark's head fossilized in a Kentucky cave" 2324: 2209: 2163: 2024: 1099: 742: 598: 546: 450: 441:

column beneath the Big Clifty, in increasing order of depth below the ridgetops, are the

356: 252: 7407: 6709: 5690: 4950: 4884: 2860: 11533: 11518: 11343: 11037: 10779: 10774: 10560: 9894: 9455: 8948: 8345: 8156: 7900: 7890: 7875: 7344: 6725: 6570: 6512: 6413: 6398: 5860: 5850: 5695: 5585: 5573: 5536: 5495: 5392: 5156: 5141: 4960: 4767: 4752: 3626: 3028: 2583: 2393: 2189: 2080: 589: 525: 60: 9103: 5376: 4569: 2916:"...And Pass The Ammunition - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" 2832:"Frequently Asked Questions - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" 2028:, also known as the Kentucky cave shrimp. This species is endemic to this cave system. 11451: 11099: 10633: 10569: 10364: 10282: 9977: 9972: 8141: 7975: 7960: 7850: 7662: 7652: 7453: 7432: 7422: 7381: 7195: 7115: 6940: 5875: 5855: 5820: 5717: 5412: 5173: 4995: 4980: 4889: 4522: 4208: 4185: 4138: 4098: 4075: 4060: 4029: 4021: 3982: 3956: 3767: 3339: 3287: 3101: 3074: 2961: 2746: 2382: 2142: 849: 718: 521: 415:. Thin, sparse layers of limestone interspersed within the sandstone give rise to an 394: 360: 349: 5541: 4450: 3566: 3491: 3410: 3360: 3255: 2063:, also known as the Spotted-tail salamander. Unlike other cave salamanders like the 363:

on September 26, 1990; and an International Dark Sky Park on October 28, 2021.

11528: 11303: 11240: 11225: 11089: 11032: 11027: 10942: 10892: 10840: 10820: 10789: 10322: 8775: 8196: 8151: 8051: 7940: 7870: 7845: 7130: 7075: 7023: 6887: 6882: 6866: 6609: 6450: 6235: 5895: 5885: 5783: 5645: 5590: 5531: 5417: 5023: 4965: 4834: 4802: 4777: 4757: 4742: 4527: 4396: 2953: 2347: 2173: 2106: 1143:

At least two other massive cave systems lie short distances from Mammoth Cave: the

1028:

and later from the publication of a double first-person account of the expedition,

778: 442: 5757: 5479: 5448: 5289: 4502: 4127:

1114: 11155: 10962: 10860: 10850: 10799: 10710: 10658: 10376: 10247: 9084: 8329: 8214: 8116: 8071: 8016: 7745: 7698: 7683: 7360: 7220: 7200: 7180: 7085: 6965: 6945: 6792: 6685: 6544: 6378: 6276: 6230: 6168: 6127: 5845: 5700: 5655: 5618: 5422: 5407: 5345: 5310: 5249: 5059: 5044: 4807: 4732: 4705: 4656: 4471: 4466: 4130: 4059:

New York: Funk and Wagnalls. Reprinted, with new introduction, by Zephyrus Press

3897: 3809: 3716: 3621: 3281: 2945: 2506: 2492: 2364: 2168: 1059: 1048: 923: 907: 856: 753: 663: 632:

The 31,000-acre (13,000 ha) tract known as the "Pollard Survey" was sold by

594: 585: 573: 5680: 4985: 4747: 4579: 4354: 3134: 2957: 1032:

by Joe Lawrence, Jr. (then president of the National Speleological Society) and

553:

Human activity in Mammoth Cave traces back five thousand years. Several sets of

11501: 11496: 11491: 11200: 11190: 11057: 10732: 10544: 10287: 10262: 8240: 8171: 8061: 7805: 7800: 7642: 7627: 7606: 7505: 7448: 7215: 7205: 7160: 7070: 7002: 6861: 6746: 6383: 6204: 6111: 6080: 6070: 5900: 5870: 5840: 5737: 5675: 5527:

Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain World Heritage Site

5361: 5089: 5079: 5064: 4970: 4945: 4899: 4851: 4772: 4671: 4374: 3937: 2286: 2122: 1184: 970: 951: 10182: 8390: 5998: 5722: 5705: 5685: 5595: 5469: 4241: 3361:"Stagecoach on display at National Cave Museum and Library at Diamond Caverns" 2596: 709: 11570: 11486: 11476: 11195: 11062: 11052: 11022: 11007: 10997: 10952: 10917: 10835: 10794: 10742: 10737: 10653: 10496: 10044: 8374: 8369: 8250: 8111: 8106: 8101: 7905: 7860: 7855: 7835: 7735: 7632: 7531: 7427: 7165: 7090: 6955: 6924: 6630: 6486: 6466: 6408: 6281: 6158: 6060: 5727: 5402: 5366: 5315: 5294: 5163: 5146: 5131: 5028: 4792: 4787: 4666: 4369: 4300: 4245: 4049: 4008: 3319: 2718: 2521: 2299: 2227: 2114: 1734: 1033: 918: 837: 832:, the Rev. Robert Davidson, the Rev. Horace Martin, Alexander Clark Bullitt, 685: 672: 562: 438: 186: 173: 50: 7657: 5239: 4574: 4298: 3790:(2017). "Murder by Darkness: Does Mammoth Cave's Specter Harbor a Secret?". 1005: 899: 11456: 11318: 11272: 11185: 11084: 10764: 10675: 10272: 9018: 8279: 8258: 8041: 7970: 7950: 7910: 7590: 7299: 7283: 7150: 7135: 7125: 6960: 6699: 6640: 6599: 6560: 6471: 6429: 6347: 6317: 6302: 6225: 6220: 6189: 6163: 6106: 6065: 5993: 5988: 5865: 5830: 5804: 5105: 5049: 4914: 4874: 4869: 4817: 4737: 4717: 4517: 4359: 4197: 4097:

Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press.

2178: 1095: 810: 637: 6751: 5443: 4254:, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan 3997:

The Cave Research Foundation: Origins and the First Twelve Years 1957–1968

2996:"150 Years Ago, A Cincinnati Photographer Brought Mammoth Cave Into Focus" 875: 541: 469:, or other formations which require flowing or dripping water to develop. 11538: 11523: 11471: 11461: 11205: 11135: 11094: 11072: 11012: 10663: 10102: 8274: 8081: 8066: 7930: 7820: 7815: 7770: 7755: 7210: 7170: 7155: 7105: 6845: 6730: 6704: 6614: 6604: 6594: 6578: 6496: 6491: 6445: 6388: 6337: 6327: 6307: 6148: 6085: 6075: 6050: 6024: 5946: 5835: 5788: 5635: 5474: 5257: 5168: 5136: 5110: 5069: 5000: 4894: 4687: 4543: 4486: 4481: 4445: 4401: 4173:

Livesay, Ann, and McGrain, Preston (revised) (Livesay and McGrain 1962).

4070:

Brucker, Roger W. and Watson, Richard A. "Red" (Brucker and Watson 1976)

4057:

The Caves Beyond: The story of the Floyd Collins' Crystal Cave Expedition

3787: 3733: 2388: 2360: 2090: 845: 738: 657: 609: 602: 426: 333: 4262: 4168:

Hydrology of the Cavernous Limestones of the Mammoth Cave Area, Kentucky

3970: 2067:, this species has functioning eyes, and still has pigment in its skin. 910:: this would not be proven correct until 60 years after Martel's visit. 11550: 11323: 11165: 10815: 10759: 10715: 10638: 10227: 10033: 8379: 8121: 8086: 7895: 7830: 7740: 7693: 7688: 7678: 7574: 7510: 7469: 7246: 7140: 6919: 6357: 6342: 6312: 6245: 6055: 6045: 6008: 5983: 5978: 5510: 5500: 5084: 5074: 4955: 4829: 4797: 4679: 4512: 3093: 2619:"Exploring the World's Longest Known Cave (U.S. National Park Service)" 2546: 2399: 2151: 2149:

Other animals which inhabit the caves include: two genera of crickets (

860: 741:, when Mammoth Cave's saltpeter reserves became significant due to the 481: 466: 462: 7566: 840:(in May 1855), William Stump Forwood (in spring 1867), the naturalist 561:, representing examples of intentional burial, with ample evidence of 11466: 11338: 11047: 10932: 10922: 10705: 10695: 10690: 8313: 7790: 7049: 7044: 7039: 6829: 6481: 6297: 6199: 6101: 5505: 5273: 5010: 4919: 4909: 4762: 4600: 4476: 4364: 4225: 4095:

Beyond Mammoth Cave: A Tale of Obsession in the World's Longest Cave.

2647: 2369: 2350:

referenced the cave in the 1990 song "Mammoth Cave" from their album

2266: 1063: 888: 841: 746: 653: 633: 405: 398: 329: 273: 7515: 4055:

Lawrence, Jr, Joe and Brucker, Roger W. (Lawrence and Brucker 1955)

3588: 2831: 2328:

has a standalone expansion, set between its Acts III and IV, called

977: 492: 312:. The park's 52,830 acres (21,380 ha) are located primarily in 11079: 11067: 10977: 10957: 10947: 10927: 10907: 10897: 10769: 10700: 10685: 9900: 8425: 8186: 8146: 7719: 7622: 7120: 7080: 6970: 6635: 6352: 6003: 5453: 5320: 5223: 4904: 4424: 4419: 4406: 3492:"Fossils - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)" 3441:

U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)

2271: 2262: 2098: 864: 477: 476:

At one valley bottom in the southern region of the park, a massive

305: 148: 4584: 4043:

Brucker, Roger W. and Murray, Robert K. (Brucker and Murray 1983)

1030:

The Caves Beyond: The Story of the Collins Crystal Cave Expedition

1017:

In February 1954, a two-week expedition under the auspices of the

11373: 11298: 11245: 10982: 10937: 10752: 10643: 9995: 7490: 7095: 6808: 6476: 6250: 4856: 4695: 4230: 4093:

Borden, James D. and Brucker, Roger W. (Borden and Brucker 2000)

3927:

The Story of Mammoth Cave National Park Kentucky: A Brief History

3734:"Same Place The Fly Got Smashed at the Guided By Voices Database" 2258: 2239: 938: 420: 401: 4252:

Mammoth Cave: Its Explorers, Miners, Archeologists, and Visitors

4203:

White, William B. and Elizabeth L., eds. (White and White 1989)

2799:"Geology of Mammoth Cave National Park | U.S. Geological Survey" 2449:

Richard N. Strange; September 2, 1984 – December 8, 1984; acting

11481: 11017: 11002: 10987: 10912: 10722: 10680: 10648: 10162:

La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico

6986: 6260: 6255: 5608:

Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin World Heritage Site

5183: 4263:

Mammoth Cave Saltpeter Works, Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, KY

345: 10581: 4052:, who was trapped in a cave near Mammoth Cave in January 1925. 3969:. (John P. Morton & Company, Louisville, Kentucky, 1909). 3459: 2276:, a species comparable in size to a modern great white shark. 1102:. The passage was named Hanson's Lost River by the explorers. 10967: 10727: 9955: 8176: 6173: 5732: 4941:

Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura World Heritage Site

4170:. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 3025:"Thompson, Bob: Early Writers Flocked To Mammoth Cave (2000)" 2890:"Mammoth Cave Historic Entrance (U.S. National Park Service)" 2511: 1078: 870: 764: 558: 416: 10417: 4018:

Grand, Gloomy, and Peculiar: Stephen Bishop at Mammoth Cave.

2416:

Robert P. Holland; September 2, 1936 – June 21, 1938; acting

863:(who visited the cave on April 5, 1851), and violinist 240: 11042: 10747: 10670: 8206: 3929:

3279: 3131:"Civilian Conservation Corps at Mammoth Cave National Park" 512:

Mammoth Cave headquarters and visitor center is located on

3979:

Twisty Little Passages: An Approach To Interactive Fiction

3682:"Jake Elliott, writer and designer of Kentucky Route Zero" 3239:(2). National Speleological Society: 18–22. Archived from 2132:

All together, these and more rare bat species such as the

1090:

On a July 1972 trip, deep in the Flint Ridge Cave System,

3891:

National Park Service: Historic Listings of NPS Officials

3615:"Donald Finkel, 79, Poet of Free-Ranging Styles, Is Dead" 2452:

Franklin D. Pridemore; December 9, 1984 – January 2, 1988

2235: 2146:) is a forest-dweller, as found underground only rarely. 2084:(the northern cavefish) is a blind species of cave fish. 2064: 933: 785: 379:

The park's mission is stated in its foundation document:

10088:

Kluane-Wrangell–St. Elias-Glacier Bay-Tatshenshini-Alsek

3835:"Glasgow (KY) Times: Park super enjoying scenery change" 3810:"Mihalic Named Superintendent of Yosemite National Park" 3766:. London, Great Britain: Chancellor Press. p. 340. 2431:

Paul McG. Miller; September 15, 1963 – December 30, 1965

2419:

R. Taylor Hoskins; June 22, 1938 – June 30, 1941; acting

2359:

The "Kentucky Mammoth Cave" is used as a metaphor for a

9133: 3593:

Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)

2446:

Robert L. Deskins; August 12, 1979 – September 1, 1984

3227:

Wells, Steve G.; DesMarais, David J (February 1973).

3097:

Geographical Perspectives on Sustainable Rural Change

2733:(NSS). Archived from the original on November 2, 2015 2434:

John A. Aubuchon; January 2, 1966 – September 7, 1968

2246:) potential vegetation type with an Eastern Hardwood 4205:

Karst Hydrology: Concepts from the Mammoth Cave Area

3094:

Doug Ramsay; Rhonda Koster; Guy M. Robinson (2010).

2482: 985: 788:

of the cave, and named many of the cave's features.

11436:

Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

10144:

The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright

3443:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 3413:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 3060: 2309:The layout for one of the earliest computer games, 2089:The following species of bats inhabit the caverns: 879:

Historic signatures on the ceiling of Gothic Avenue

803:

The Mammoth Cave of Kentucky: An illustrated manual

30:"Mammoth Cave" redirects here. For other uses, see 3070:Mammoth Cave: Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky 2298:A significant amount of the work of American poet 1073: 580:has done much to illuminate the lives of the late 112: 84: 3999:Mammoth Cave, Kentucky: Cave Research Foundation. 2461:Bruce Powell; January 2005 – January 2006; acting 2443:Albert A. Hawkins; July 4, 1976 – August 11, 1979 2428:Perry E. Brown; July 1, 1954 – September 14, 1963 624:Salts Cave section of the system in Flint Ridge. 11592:Historic American Engineering Record in Kentucky 11568: 4182:A Geological Guide to Mammoth Cave National Park 3100:. Rural Development Institute. pp. 405–06. 3087: 2767:"Foundation Document Mammoth Cave National Park" 2440:Joseph Kulesza; February 21, 1971 – May 31, 1976 2422:R. Taylor Hoskins; July 1, 1941 – March 31, 1951 2343:" (published 1918) is set in "the Mammoth Cave". 2010:A cave-adapted millipede found in Mammoth cave. 10212: 8420: 2678:"Mammoth Cave just got a little more "Mammoth"" 2572:. Land Resource Division, National Park Service 2527:List of Biosphere Reserves in the United States 2425:Thomas C. Miller; April 1, 1951 – June 30, 1954 1000: 339:The cave system has formally been known as the 308:. It encompasses portions of Mammoth Cave, the 4231:Mammoth Cave National Park Association website 4175:Geology of the Mammoth Cave National Park Area 3226: 3141: 2467:Sarah J. Craighead; November 2012 – July 2017 2319:, was based partly on the Mammoth Cave system. 1992:A mating pair of Cave Crickets of the species 10597: 10403: 10198: 9941: 9119: 8406: 4284: 3798:(4). Committee for Skeptical Inquirer: 12–13. 3633: 2455:David A. Mihalic; January 3, 1988 – July 1994 336:feeding into the Green just inside the park. 11622:Protected areas of Edmonson County, Kentucky 10553:New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park 3780: 3326:. Archived from the original on 5 April 2010 2458:Ronald R. Switzer; March 1995 – January 2005 572:Research beginning in the late 1950s led by 11411:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining 10521:Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park 10433:Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area 9912:List of national parks of the United States 7321: 1138: 1062:property, the only other remaining private 962:camps from May 22, 1933 to July 1942. 891:with the construction of a lock and dam at 887:In 1906, Mammoth Cave became accessible by 627: 411:The upper sandstone member is known as the 359:on October 27, 1981; an international 316:, with small areas extending eastward into 11632:Protected areas of Barren County, Kentucky 11384:History of hard rock miners' organizations 10604: 10590: 10410: 10396: 10205: 10191: 9948: 9934: 9126: 9112: 8413: 8399: 4299:Prehistoric cave sites, rock shelters and 4291: 4277: 3884: 3868: 3866: 3073:. Government Printing Office. p. 35. 2717: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2537:List of longest caves in the United States 871:Early 20th century: The Kentucky Cave Wars 11652:World Heritage Sites in the United States 10118:Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park 9957:World Heritage Sites in the United States 3283:Mammoth Cave: A Human and Natural History 2234:Types, Mammoth Cave National Park has an 1171:system, Mammoth Cave National Park has a 1070:making it the longest cave in the world. 516:. The park can be accessed directly from 11627:Protected areas of Hart County, Kentucky 11369:American Society of Reclamation Sciences 11216:North American Aerospace Defense Command 7066:Cradle of Humankind, World Heritage Site 4137:Reprinted 1997 by St. Louis: Cave Books 3976: 3761: 3639: 2946:"History of Exploration at Mammoth Cave" 2670: 2567:"Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011" 1978: 1113: 1077: 1004: 976: 969:Superintendent Hoskins later wrote of a 937: 874: 797: 728: 708: 662: 540: 491: 425: 370: 27:National park in Kentucky, United States 11647:Biosphere reserves of the United States 11617:Civilian Conservation Corps in Kentucky 4196:, by a retired professor of geology at 4184:. Teaneck, New Jersey: Zephyrus Press. 3863: 3786: 3386:United States Department of Agriculture 3358: 3253: 2704: 2654:. National Park Service. May 22, 2018. 2635: 2409: 1181:United States Department of Agriculture 14: 11657:Landforms of Edmonson County, Kentucky 11569: 10457:Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore 3995:Watson, Richard A., ed. (Watson 1981) 3925:Bridwell, Margaret M. (Bridwell 1952) 3567:"Mammoth Cave National Park — Fossils" 3382:"USDA Interactive Plant Hardiness Map" 3318: 3256:"The Great Symmetry: Cave Exploration" 2692:from the original on February 14, 2023 2292: 934:The national park movement (1926–1941) 520:at Exit 48. The parkway connects with 310:longest known cave system in the world 10585: 10537:Independence National Historical Park 10391: 10186: 9929: 9107: 8394: 7996: 7320: 6772: 5926: 4334: 4272: 4135:Archaeology of the Mammoth Cave Area. 3948:, Vol VII, 1 and 2 (July–August 1941) 3919: 2943: 2727:Geo2 Committee on Long and Deep Caves 2658:from the original on October 10, 2010 2597:"NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report" 2589: 2584:National Park Service Acreage Reports 2470:Barclay Trimble; July 2017 – Present 1109: 11667:Landforms of Barren County, Kentucky 4259:Historic American Engineering Record 4207:. New York: Van Nostrand Rheinhold. 4045:Trapped: The Story of Floyd Collins. 3529:from the original on 1 February 2020 3516: 3498:from the original on 2 February 2020 3429: 3411:"NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data" 3403: 3374: 2779:from the original on 9 December 2016 2648:"A Grand, Gloomy and Peculiar Place" 2339:H. P. Lovecraft's 1905 short story " 2248:Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest 713:Saltpeter Mine Ruins in Mammoth Cave 11637:Protected areas established in 1941 9135:National parks of the United States 9092:Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves 3613:Fox, Margalit (November 20, 2008). 2985:Brucker and Watson 1976, pp. 272–73 2559: 2257:Common fossils of the cave include 2221:Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves 652:, a British-American merchant from 24: 11662:Landforms of Hart County, Kentucky 11309:Journey to the Center of the Earth 11211:Naples underground geothermal zone 10505:Apostle Islands National Lakeshore 8510:Fort Donelson National Battlefield 4226:Mammoth Cave National Park website 4155:Washington University in St. Louis 4151:Washington University in St. Louis 4036:(pbk). Based on the true story of 3951:Hovey, Horace Carter (Hovey 1880) 3300:from the original on 23 April 2021 2532:List of caves in the United States 2464:Patrick Reed; January 2006 – 2012 578:Washington University in St. Louis 431:The Bottomless Pit in Mammoth Cave 302:national park of the United States 25: 11678: 11426:Research Centre for Deep Drilling 11421:International Union of Speleology 5454:Mala Balanica and Velika Balanica 4617:Vézère Valley World Heritage Site 4412:Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes 4219: 4166:Brown, Richmond F. (Brown 1966). 4003: 3908:Bridwell 1952 (inside back cover) 3417:from the original on May 13, 2021 986:Birth of the national park (1941) 11607:Archaeological sites in Kentucky 10545:Mount Rushmore National Memorial 10370: 10296: 9899: 9893: 9886: 9879: 9872: 9865: 9858: 9851: 9844: 9837: 9830: 9823: 9816: 9809: 9802: 9795: 9788: 9781: 9774: 9767: 9760: 9753: 9746: 9739: 9732: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9704: 9697: 9690: 9683: 9676: 9669: 9662: 9655: 9648: 9641: 9634: 9627: 9620: 9613: 9606: 9599: 9592: 9585: 9578: 9571: 9564: 9557: 9550: 9543: 9536: 9529: 9522: 9515: 9508: 9501: 9494: 9487: 9480: 9473: 9466: 9078: 4235: 4180:Palmer, Arthur N. (Palmer 1981) 3359:KINSLOW, GINA (March 28, 2019). 3217:Brucker and Watson 1976, p. 208. 2485: 2072: 2051: 2033: 2015: 2003: 1985: 528:from the south within the park. 496:A ranger-guided tour of the cave 393:Mammoth Cave developed in thick 111: 104: 83: 76: 65:The Rotunda Room at Mammoth Cave 59: 11642:1941 establishments in Kentucky 11612:Show caves in the United States 11416:Institution of Mining Engineers 11181:Underground Great Wall of China 10611: 10473:Lowell National Historical Park 10083:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park 8533:George Washington and Jefferson 3914: 3902: 3845: 3827: 3816:from the original on 2006-06-16 3802: 3755: 3744:from the original on 2015-06-18 3726: 3703: 3692:from the original on 2019-09-15 3674: 3663:from the original on 2015-05-01 3653:"Here and There Along the Echo" 3645: 3607: 3559: 3541: 3510: 3484: 3473:from the original on 2019-07-03 3447:from the original on 2021-06-05 3352: 3312: 3273: 3262:from the original on 2021-01-20 3247: 3220: 3211: 3202: 3193: 3184: 3175: 3166: 3155:from the original on 2016-01-03 3123: 3114: 3051: 3042: 3017: 3006:from the original on 2021-12-03 2988: 2979: 2937: 2926:from the original on 2017-11-07 2908: 2882: 2871:from the original on 2021-12-01 2853: 2842:from the original on 2021-11-25 2824: 2040:A Cave Crayfish of the species 1118:Mammoth cave system and surface 1074:Flint–Mammoth connection (1972) 1052: 1009:Staircase tower in Mammoth Dome 724: 636:on September 10, 1791. in 341:Mammoth–Flint Ridge Cave System 11431:Society of Economic Geologists 11399:National Speleological Society 11349:Wonderland (fictional country) 8543:USFS National Recreation Areas 4117: 3229:"The Flint–Mammoth Connection" 3149:"Mammoth Cave NP: Master Plan" 2815: 2791: 2759: 2731:National Speleological Society 2611: 2542:Index of conservation articles 2502:Carlsbad Caverns National Park 2353:Same Place the Fly Got Smashed 1153:National Speleological Society 1094:—with her slight frame of 115 1019:National Speleological Society 992:National Speleological Society 608:Another technique employed in 328:runs through the park, with a 13: 1: 10856:Subterranean rivers of London 10513:Shiloh National Military Park 3199:Brucker and Watson 1976 p. 31 2553: 2330:Here And There Along The Echo 2254:) potential vegetation form. 2022:An individual of the species 1807:Average snowfall inches (cm) 1169:Köppen climate classification 743:Jefferson Embargo Act of 1807 536: 123:Show map of the United States 120:Location in the United States 32:Mammoth Cave (disambiguation) 11389:National Mine Map Repository 10831:Jewel Cave National Monument 10489:El Malpais National Monument 10441:Rocky Mountain National Park 10419:National Park Travelers Club 9176:Black Canyon of the Gunnison 8994:Bat Cave and Cascade Caverns 8866:Levi Jackson Wilderness Road 4160: 3981:. Cambridge: The MIT Press. 3589:"Frequently Asked Questions" 2363:'s stomach in chapter 75 of 2232:Potential natural vegetation 1001:The longest cave (1954–1972) 836:(who visited in June 1852), 437:The limestone layers of the 206:52,830 acres (213.8 km) 7: 11394:National Mining Association 11221:Raven Rock Mountain Complex 10214:Kentucky in the War of 1812 7997: 5642:Other caves with decoration 4724:Other caves with decoration 4646:Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil 4322:Caves containing pictograms 4240:Geographic data related to 4123:Meloy, Harold (Meloy 1968) 3723:. Retrieved March 30, 2018. 3630:. Retrieved March 30, 2018. 3437:"Station: Mammoth Cave, KY" 2958:10.1007/978-3-319-53718-4_4 2478: 1877:Average precipitation days 1523:Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 1383:Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 917:In the early 20th century, 487: 10: 11683: 11602:National parks in Kentucky 11582:Mammoth Cave National Park 11334:Tunnels in popular culture 11176:Underground City, Montreal 11171:Underground City (Beijing) 11116:816 Nuclear Military Plant 10846:Mammoth Cave National Park 10529:Chamizal National Memorial 10449:Mammoth Cave National Park 10078:Grand Canyon National Park 8469:Abraham Lincoln Birthplace 6773: 5626:Other World Heritage Sites 4713:Other World Heritage Sites 4335: 4312:Paleoanthropological sites 4242:Mammoth Cave National Park 2944:Sides, Stanley D. (2017), 2896:. United States Government 2688:(NPS). September 8, 2022. 1998:. Found on a Flint ridge. 1970: 1193: 1162: 733:Map of Mammoth Cave (1897) 531: 388: 366: 298:Mammoth Cave National Park 253:UNESCO World Heritage Site 241:Mammoth Cave National Park 222:533,206 (in 2018) 40:Mammoth Cave National Park 29: 11444: 11361: 11286: 11265: 11258: 11141:Cheyenne Mountain Complex 11108: 10885: 10878: 10808: 10626: 10619: 10568:2020: Virtual due to the 10426: 10357: 10331: 10305: 10294: 10220: 10170: 10152: 10136: 10123:Yellowstone National Park 10058: 10009: 9986: 9963: 9909: 9462: 9141: 9072: 9047: 8972: 8919: 8789: 8721: 8623: 8614: 8579:National Wildlife Refuges 8577: 8559: 8541: 8518: 8500: 8482: 8461:National Historical Parks 8459: 8441: 8432: 8362: 8338: 8322: 8306: 8288: 8267: 8249: 8233: 8205: 8009: 8005: 7992: 7728: 7712: 7671: 7615: 7599: 7583: 7565: 7524: 7483: 7462: 7441: 7395: 7369: 7353: 7337: 7333: 7316: 7292: 7271: 7255: 7229: 7058: 7032: 7016: 6995: 6979: 6933: 6912: 6896: 6875: 6854: 6838: 6822: 6801: 6785: 6781: 6768: 6739: 6718: 6692: 6680: 6654: 6623: 6587: 6569: 6553: 6537: 6521: 6505: 6459: 6438: 6422: 6371: 6290: 6269: 6213: 6182: 6136: 6120: 6094: 6033: 6017: 5971: 5955: 5939: 5935: 5922: 5813: 5797: 5776: 5519: 5488: 5462: 5431: 5385: 5354: 5303: 5282: 5266: 5248: 5232: 5216: 5200: 5182: 5119: 5098: 5037: 5009: 4933: 4609: 4593: 4552: 4536: 4495: 4459: 4438: 4383: 4347: 4343: 4330: 4307: 4016:Brucker, Roger W. (2009) 3762:Melville, Herman (1985). 3344:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3190:Lawrence and Brucker 1955 3151:. National Park Service. 2772:. National Park Service. 2751:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2184:Typhlichthys subterraneus 2177:), two genera of eyeless 1923: 1876: 1806: 1732: 1662: 1592: 1522: 1452: 1382: 1312: 1242: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1173:Humid subtropical climate 942:River Styx cave boat tour 667:The historic entrance at 291: 279: 269: 259: 250: 246: 236: 226: 218: 210: 202: 165: 155: 132: 70: 58: 44: 39: 11507:Underground construction 11379:Cave Research Foundation 10238:Benjamin Franklin Graves 8290:Northern Mariana Islands 5927: 4261:(HAER) No. KY-18, " 4084:Cave Research Foundation 3686:The Gameological Society 2475:The list is incomplete. 2134:eastern small-footed bat 1149:Martin Ridge Cave System 1145:Fisher Ridge Cave System 1139:Related and nearby caves 1045:Cave Research Foundation 628:Earliest written history 614:experimental archaeology 612:, at Mammoth Cave, was " 480:has developed. Known as 447:Ste. Genevieve Limestone 375:Tourists inside the cave 10993:Missile launch facility 10866:Wind Cave National Park 10563:area national monuments 10344:The Hunters of Kentucky 8831:General Burnside Island 8811:Dawkins Line Rail Trail 8756:Old Mulkey Meetinghouse 4088:Roger and Red Go Caving 3977:Montfort, Nick (2005). 3971:Full text transcription 3710:"The Beast in the Cave" 3569:. National Park Service 3286:. Springer. p. 4. 3057:Brucker and Murray 1983 2599:. National Park Service 2334:Colossal Cave Adventure 2316:Colossal Cave Adventure 2279: 2223:' Wild Rivers Program. 2152:Hadenoecus subterraneus 1995:Hadenoecus subterraneus 834:Nathaniel Parker Willis 610:archaeological research 18:Flint Ridge Cave System 11146:Chicago Tunnel Company 10785:Subterranean waterfall 10258:Richard Mentor Johnson 10128:Yosemite National Park 10040:University of Virginia 9055:Breaks Interstate Park 8761:Perryville Battlefield 8638:Blue Licks Battlefield 8561:Wild and Scenic Rivers 8551:Land Between the Lakes 8502:National Military Park 6814:Manyana Rock Paintings 4865:La Chapelle-aux-Saints 3764:Moby Dick or The Whale 3659:. Cardboard Computer. 2723:"Worlds longest caves" 2138:Ecological restoration 1119: 1083: 1010: 982: 943: 880: 830:Robert Montgomery Bird 806: 734: 714: 698: 550: 497: 434: 386: 376: 11161:Kőbánya cellar system 11151:Houston tunnel system 11131:Almadén Mercury Mines 11126:The Caves of Ægissíða 10481:Sequoia National Park 10465:Olympic National Park 10098:Olympic National Park 10024:Great Smoky Mountains 9281:Great Smoky Mountains 8781:William Whitley House 8746:Isaac Shelby Cemetery 7377:Actun Tunichil Muknal 3965:Hovey, Horace Carter 3208:Bridwell 1952, p. 59. 3120:Bridwell 1952, p. 60. 3048:Watson 1981 pp. 15–16 2686:National Park Service 2682:National Park Service 2517:List of longest caves 2378:Lillie Devereux Blake 2341:The Beast in the Cave 2200:Orconectes pellucidus 2043:Orconectes pellucidus 1979:Biology and ecosystem 1593:Mean minimum °F (°C) 1313:Mean maximum °F (°C) 1117: 1081: 1008: 980: 941: 893:Brownsville, Kentucky 878: 819:tuberculosis hospital 801: 732: 712: 686:37.18722°N 86.10361°W 666: 544: 502:National Park Service 495: 429: 404:capped by a layer of 381: 374: 265:Natural: vii, viii, x 231:National Park Service 187:37.18694°N 86.10111°W 11556:Subterranean warfare 11329:Subterranea (comics) 11314:Moria (Middle-earth) 11294:Allegory of the cave 11278:Subterranean fiction 10339:Battle of Frenchtown 10313:Great Saltpetre Cave 10243:Nathaniel G. S. Hart 10050:San Antonio Missions 8881:My Old Kentucky Home 8723:State Historic Sites 8683:Kentucky Dam Village 6951:Ifri N'Amr Ou Moussa 5891:Red Lady of Paviland 4783:Mayrières supérieure 4133:(ed.) (Watson 1974) 3181:Bridwell 1952, p. 60 2410:Park superintendents 2306:, published in 1978. 2158:Ceuthophilus stygius 2127:Perimyotis subflavus 1243:Record high °F (°C) 1179:). According to the 514:Mammoth Cave Parkway 413:Big Clifty Sandstone 95:Show map of Kentucky 92:Location in Kentucky 11512:Tunnel construction 11236:Subterranean Toledo 11231:Subterranean London 11121:Caves of Maastricht 10377:Kentucky portal 9286:Guadalupe Mountains 9241:Gates of the Arctic 9085:Kentucky portal 9060:Kentucky Horse Park 8901:Pine Mountain Trail 8736:Butler-Turpin House 7766:Colorado Millennial 6404:Shiraho Saonetabaru 5208:Bukuroshja e Fjetur 4194:scientific literacy 3946:The Regional Review 3932:Hoskins, R. Taylor 3657:Kentucky Route Zero 3368:Glasgow Daily Times 3324:"USA Longest Caves" 3137:on August 19, 2006. 2721:(January 7, 2018). 2346:American rock band 2325:Kentucky Route Zero 2293:Cultural references 2210:Palaemonias ganteri 2164:Ceuthophilus latens 2025:Palaemonias ganteri 1924:Average snowy days 1663:Record low °F (°C) 1453:Daily mean °F (°C) 928:resulting publicity 767:discovered nearby. 691:37.18722; -86.10361 682: / 599:plant domestication 565:funerary practice. 547:World Heritage Site 524:from the north and 451:St. Louis Limestone 357:World Heritage Site 227:Governing body 192:37.18694; -86.10111 183: / 11534:Mining engineering 11519:Underground living 11344:Underland (Narnia) 11259:Fictional features 11038:Underground hangar 10780:Subterranean river 10775:Subterranean fauna 10561:Flagstaff, Arizona 10137:Multiple locations 9441:Wrangell–St. Elias 9416:Theodore Roosevelt 8846:John James Audubon 8826:Fort Boonesborough 8816:E. P. "Tom" Sawyer 8625:State Resort Parks 8597:Ohio River Islands 7584:Dominican Republic 7345:Cueva de las Manos 6241:Huto and Kamarband 5651:Barranc del Migdia 5537:Caves in Cantabria 4961:Hohlenstein-Stadel 4768:Grotte de Gabillou 4753:La Chaire a Calvin 4105:. Taking up where 3920:General references 3896:2006-05-22 at the 3792:Skeptical Inquirer 3715:2018-03-31 at the 3627:The New York Times 3620:2018-07-07 at the 2394:Skeptical Inquirer 2190:Amblyopsis spelaea 2081:Amblyopsis spelaea 1120: 1110:Recent discoveries 1084: 1011: 983: 944: 881: 807: 735: 715: 699: 648:were purchased by 593:transition from a 551: 526:Kentucky Route 255 498: 435: 377: 11587:Caves of Kentucky 11564: 11563: 11452:Cave conservation 11357: 11356: 11254: 11253: 11100:Ventilation shaft 10879:Man-made features 10874: 10873: 10579: 10578: 10570:COVID-19 pandemic 10385: 10384: 10283:Gabriel Slaughter 10180: 10179: 10108:Papahānaumokuākea 10038: 9978:Statue of Liberty 9973:Independence Hall 9923: 9922: 9296:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes 9101: 9100: 9068: 9067: 8906:Taylorsville Lake 8871:Lincoln Homestead 8741:Dr. Thomas Walker 8633:Barren River Lake 8610: 8609: 8388: 8387: 8358: 8357: 8354: 8353: 7988: 7987: 7984: 7983: 7501:Piedras del Tunjo 7433:Toca da Tira Peia 7312: 7311: 7308: 7307: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6759: 5918: 5917: 5914: 5913: 5554:Hornos de la Peña 4072:The Longest Cave. 4034:978-0-939748-71-6 4026:978-0-939748-72-3 3517:Williams, David. 3322:(July 11, 2011). 3107:978-1-895397-81-9 3080:978-0-912627-72-4 2967:978-3-319-53717-7 2383:The Knickerbocker 2226:According to the 2143:Lasiurus borealis 2103:Myotis grisescens 1975: 1974: 1167:According to the 1092:Patricia Crowther 859:in 1865), singer 850:John Wilkes Booth 522:Kentucky Route 70 361:Biosphere Reserve 352:underwater cave. 304:in south-central 295: 294: 156:Nearest city 16:(Redirected from 11674: 11577:IUCN Category II 11529:Mine exploration 11304:Greek Underworld 11263: 11262: 11241:Turda Salt Mines 11226:Shanghai tunnels 11090:Smuggling tunnel 11033:Underground base 11028:Underground city 10943:Dugout (shelter) 10893:Air raid shelter 10883: 10882: 10841:Lechuguilla Cave 10821:Castellana Caves 10790:Underground lake 10624: 10623: 10620:Natural features 10606: 10599: 10592: 10583: 10582: 10572: 10564: 10555: 10547: 10539: 10531: 10523: 10515: 10507: 10499: 10491: 10483: 10475: 10467: 10459: 10451: 10443: 10435: 10412: 10405: 10398: 10389: 10388: 10375: 10374: 10373: 10323:Newport Barracks 10300: 10207: 10200: 10193: 10184: 10183: 10068:Carlsbad Caverns 10036: 9950: 9943: 9936: 9927: 9926: 9903: 9897: 9890: 9883: 9876: 9869: 9862: 9855: 9848: 9841: 9834: 9827: 9820: 9813: 9806: 9799: 9792: 9785: 9778: 9771: 9764: 9757: 9750: 9743: 9736: 9729: 9722: 9715: 9708: 9701: 9694: 9687: 9680: 9673: 9666: 9659: 9652: 9645: 9638: 9631: 9624: 9617: 9610: 9603: 9596: 9589: 9582: 9575: 9568: 9561: 9554: 9547: 9540: 9533: 9526: 9519: 9512: 9505: 9498: 9491: 9484: 9477: 9470: 9381:Petrified Forest 9276:Great Sand Dunes 9196:Carlsbad Caverns 9128: 9121: 9114: 9105: 9104: 9083: 9082: 9081: 8989:Bad Branch Falls 8976:Nature Preserves 8896:Paintsville Lake 8841:Green River Lake 8806:Columbus-Belmont 8791:State Recreation 8776:Wickliffe Mounds 8703:Pennyrile Forest 8658:Dale Hollow Lake 8653:Cumberland Falls 8621: 8620: 8520:National Forests 8439: 8438: 8415: 8408: 8401: 8392: 8391: 8307:Papua New Guinea 8007: 8006: 7994: 7993: 7946:Stanfield-Worley 7921:Rockhouse Cliffs 7335: 7334: 7318: 7317: 7186:Howieson's Poort 6883:Enkapune Ya Muto 6783: 6782: 6770: 6769: 6236:Eshkaft-e Siahoo 5937: 5936: 5924: 5923: 5691:Peñas de Cabrera 4991:Kleine Feldhofer 4951:Geissenklösterle 4803:Roc-aux-Sorciers 4345: 4344: 4332: 4331: 4293: 4286: 4279: 4270: 4269: 4239: 4238: 4131:Watson, Patty Jo 4107:The Longest Cave 4009:Roger W. Brucker 3992: 3934:Faithful Visitor 3909: 3906: 3900: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3876:. Archived from 3870: 3861: 3860: 3855:. Archived from 3849: 3843: 3842: 3841:on June 5, 2012. 3837:. Archived from 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3759: 3753: 3752: 3750: 3749: 3730: 3724: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3698: 3697: 3678: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3668: 3649: 3643: 3642:, pp. 85–87 3637: 3631: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3551:. Archived from 3545: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3505: 3503: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3478: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3397: 3388:. Archived from 3378: 3372: 3371: 3365: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3343: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3316: 3310: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3268: 3267: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3224: 3218: 3215: 3209: 3206: 3200: 3197: 3191: 3188: 3182: 3179: 3173: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3133:. 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Archived from 3021: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3011: 2992: 2986: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2975: 2974: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2931: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2886: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2876: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2848: 2847: 2828: 2822: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2809: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2778: 2771: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2750: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2715: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2644: 2633: 2632: 2630: 2629: 2615: 2609: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2593: 2587: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2571: 2563: 2512:Karst topography 2495: 2490: 2489: 2488: 2348:Guided by Voices 2174:Eurycea lucifuga 2119:Eptesicus fuscus 2111:Myotis lucifugus 2107:little brown bat 2076: 2060:Eurycea lucifuga 2055: 2037: 2019: 2007: 1989: 1927: 1880: 1191: 1190: 1051:(see section on 779:African-American 704:The Longest Cave 697: 696: 694: 693: 692: 687: 683: 680: 679: 678: 675: 650:Thomas Lang, Jr. 586:Woodland peoples 443:Girkin Formation 433:, woodcut (1887) 198: 197: 195: 194: 193: 188: 184: 181: 180: 179: 176: 124: 115: 114: 108: 96: 87: 86: 80: 63: 37: 36: 21: 11682: 11681: 11677: 11676: 11675: 11673: 11672: 11671: 11597:Limestone caves 11567: 11566: 11565: 11560: 11440: 11353: 11282: 11250: 11156:Kosvinsky Kamen 11104: 10963:Fallout shelter 10933:Crypt Mausoleum 10870: 10861:Veryovkina Cave 10851:Reed Flute Cave 10804: 10711:Solutional cave 10659:Communal burrow 10615: 10610: 10580: 10575: 10567: 10558: 10550: 10542: 10534: 10526: 10518: 10510: 10502: 10494: 10486: 10478: 10470: 10462: 10454: 10446: 10438: 10430: 10422: 10416: 10386: 10381: 10371: 10369: 10353: 10327: 10301: 10292: 10248:Paschal Hickman 10216: 10211: 10181: 10176: 10166: 10148: 10132: 10054: 10005: 9982: 9959: 9954: 9924: 9919: 9905: 9904: 9898: 9891: 9884: 9877: 9870: 9863: 9856: 9849: 9842: 9835: 9828: 9821: 9814: 9807: 9800: 9793: 9786: 9779: 9772: 9765: 9758: 9751: 9744: 9737: 9730: 9723: 9716: 9709: 9702: 9695: 9688: 9681: 9674: 9667: 9660: 9653: 9646: 9639: 9632: 9625: 9618: 9611: 9604: 9597: 9590: 9583: 9576: 9569: 9562: 9555: 9548: 9541: 9534: 9527: 9520: 9513: 9506: 9499: 9492: 9485: 9478: 9471: 9460: 9366:New River Gorge 9346:Lassen Volcanic 9216:Cuyahoga Valley 9201:Channel Islands 9137: 9132: 9102: 9097: 9079: 9077: 9064: 9043: 9034:Six Mile Island 8999:Beargrass Creek 8975: 8968: 8915: 8911:Yatesville Lake 8891:Old Fort Harrod 8792: 8785: 8751:Jefferson Davis 8717: 8713:Rough River Dam 8693:Lake Cumberland 8606: 8573: 8555: 8537: 8514: 8496: 8478: 8455: 8428: 8422:Protected areas 8419: 8389: 8384: 8350: 8334: 8318: 8302: 8284: 8263: 8245: 8229: 8201: 8117:Mackintosh 90/1 8037:Beginner's Luck 8001: 7980: 7796:Dutchess Quarry 7736:Arnold Research 7724: 7708: 7667: 7611: 7595: 7579: 7561: 7520: 7479: 7458: 7437: 7391: 7387:Midnight Terror 7365: 7349: 7329: 7304: 7288: 7267: 7251: 7225: 7054: 7028: 7012: 6991: 6975: 6966:Kelif el Boroud 6929: 6908: 6892: 6871: 6850: 6834: 6818: 6797: 6777: 6756: 6735: 6714: 6688: 6676: 6650: 6619: 6583: 6565: 6549: 6533: 6517: 6501: 6455: 6434: 6418: 6367: 6286: 6265: 6209: 6178: 6132: 6116: 6090: 6029: 6013: 5967: 5951: 5931: 5910: 5809: 5793: 5772: 5671:los Murciélagos 5619:Roca dels Moros 5515: 5484: 5458: 5427: 5398:Chertovy Vorota 5381: 5350: 5299: 5278: 5262: 5250:North Macedonia 5244: 5228: 5212: 5196: 5178: 5115: 5094: 5033: 5005: 4929: 4692:Abri du Poisson 4657:Les Combarelles 4605: 4589: 4548: 4532: 4491: 4455: 4434: 4430:Trou de l'Abîme 4379: 4339: 4326: 4303: 4297: 4236: 4222: 4163: 4120: 4006: 3989: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3903: 3898:Wayback Machine 3889: 3885: 3872: 3871: 3864: 3851: 3850: 3846: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3819: 3817: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3785: 3781: 3774: 3760: 3756: 3747: 3745: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3721:hplovecraft.com 3717:Wayback Machine 3708: 3704: 3695: 3693: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3666: 3664: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3638: 3634: 3622:Wayback Machine 3612: 3608: 3598: 3596: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3572: 3570: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3532: 3530: 3515: 3511: 3501: 3499: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3476: 3474: 3465: 3464: 3460: 3450: 3448: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3395: 3393: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3363: 3357: 3353: 3337: 3336: 3329: 3327: 3317: 3313: 3303: 3301: 3294: 3278: 3274: 3265: 3263: 3252: 3248: 3225: 3221: 3216: 3212: 3207: 3203: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3180: 3176: 3171: 3167: 3158: 3156: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3119: 3115: 3108: 3092: 3088: 3081: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3052: 3047: 3043: 3034: 3032: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3009: 3007: 2994: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2980: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2942: 2938: 2929: 2927: 2914: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2874: 2872: 2859: 2858: 2854: 2845: 2843: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2820: 2816: 2807: 2805: 2797: 2796: 2792: 2782: 2780: 2776: 2769: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2744: 2743: 2736: 2734: 2716: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2661: 2659: 2646: 2645: 2636: 2627: 2625: 2617: 2616: 2612: 2602: 2600: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2575: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2507:Colossal Cavern 2493:Kentucky portal 2491: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2473: 2412: 2376:Fiction writer 2365:Herman Melville 2322:The video game 2295: 2282: 2169:cave salamander 2085: 2077: 2068: 2056: 2047: 2038: 2029: 2020: 2011: 2008: 1999: 1990: 1981: 1976: 1925: 1878: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1292: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1165: 1141: 1112: 1076: 1060:Great Onyx Cave 1049:Patty Jo Watson 1003: 988: 936: 924:media sensation 873: 857:Abraham Lincoln 762:Native American 754:calcium nitrate 727: 690: 688: 684: 681: 676: 673: 671: 669: 668: 630: 595:hunter-gatherer 574:Patty Jo Watson 555:Native American 539: 534: 490: 417:epikarstic zone 391: 369: 314:Edmonson County 255: 191: 189: 185: 182: 177: 174: 172: 170: 169: 128: 127: 126: 125: 122: 121: 118: 117: 116: 99: 98: 97: 94: 93: 90: 89: 88: 66: 54: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11680: 11670: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11619: 11614: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11562: 11561: 11559: 11558: 11553: 11548: 11547: 11546: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11515: 11514: 11504: 11502:Trench warfare 11499: 11497:Tunnel network 11494: 11492:Tunnel warfare 11489: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11459: 11454: 11448: 11446: 11445:Related topics 11442: 11441: 11439: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11413: 11408: 11407: 11406: 11396: 11391: 11386: 11381: 11376: 11371: 11365: 11363: 11359: 11358: 11355: 11354: 11352: 11351: 11346: 11341: 11336: 11331: 11326: 11321: 11316: 11311: 11306: 11301: 11296: 11290: 11288: 11284: 11283: 11281: 11280: 11275: 11269: 11267: 11260: 11256: 11255: 11252: 11251: 11249: 11248: 11243: 11238: 11233: 11228: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11203: 11201:Mount Yamantau 11198: 11193: 11191:Mines of Paris 11188: 11183: 11178: 11173: 11168: 11163: 11158: 11153: 11148: 11143: 11138: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11118: 11112: 11110: 11106: 11105: 11103: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11082: 11077: 11076: 11075: 11065: 11060: 11058:Secret passage 11055: 11050: 11045: 11040: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10960: 10955: 10950: 10945: 10940: 10935: 10930: 10925: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10895: 10889: 10887: 10880: 10876: 10875: 10872: 10871: 10869: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10826:Hang Sơn Đoòng 10823: 10818: 10812: 10810: 10806: 10805: 10803: 10802: 10797: 10792: 10787: 10782: 10777: 10772: 10767: 10762: 10757: 10756: 10755: 10745: 10740: 10735: 10733:Lava tree mold 10730: 10725: 10720: 10719: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10668: 10667: 10666: 10661: 10656: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10630: 10628: 10621: 10617: 10616: 10609: 10608: 10601: 10594: 10586: 10577: 10576: 10574: 10573: 10565: 10556: 10548: 10540: 10532: 10524: 10516: 10508: 10500: 10492: 10484: 10476: 10468: 10460: 10452: 10444: 10436: 10427: 10424: 10423: 10415: 10414: 10407: 10400: 10392: 10383: 10382: 10380: 10379: 10367: 10365:Tecumseh's War 10362: 10358: 10355: 10354: 10352: 10351: 10346: 10341: 10335: 10333: 10329: 10328: 10326: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10309: 10307: 10303: 10302: 10295: 10293: 10291: 10290: 10288:Zachary Taylor 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10263:George Madison 10260: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10240: 10235: 10230: 10224: 10222: 10218: 10217: 10210: 10209: 10202: 10195: 10187: 10178: 10177: 10171: 10168: 10167: 10165: 10164: 10158: 10156: 10150: 10149: 10147: 10146: 10140: 10138: 10134: 10133: 10131: 10130: 10125: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10103:Pueblo de Taos 10100: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10080: 10075: 10070: 10064: 10062: 10056: 10055: 10053: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10015: 10013: 10007: 10006: 10004: 10003: 9998: 9992: 9990: 9984: 9983: 9981: 9980: 9975: 9969: 9967: 9961: 9960: 9953: 9952: 9945: 9938: 9930: 9921: 9920: 9910: 9907: 9906: 9892: 9885: 9878: 9871: 9864: 9857: 9850: 9843: 9836: 9829: 9822: 9815: 9808: 9801: 9794: 9787: 9780: 9773: 9766: 9759: 9752: 9745: 9738: 9731: 9724: 9717: 9710: 9703: 9696: 9689: 9682: 9675: 9668: 9661: 9654: 9647: 9640: 9633: 9626: 9619: 9612: 9605: 9598: 9591: 9584: 9577: 9570: 9563: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9521: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9493: 9486: 9479: 9472: 9465: 9464: 9463: 9461: 9459: 9458: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9421:Virgin Islands 9418: 9413: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9396:Rocky Mountain 9393: 9388: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9371:North Cascades 9368: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9151:American Samoa 9148: 9142: 9139: 9138: 9131: 9130: 9123: 9116: 9108: 9099: 9098: 9096: 9095: 9088: 9073: 9070: 9069: 9066: 9065: 9063: 9062: 9057: 9051: 9049: 9045: 9044: 9042: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9029:Natural Bridge 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8984:Axe Lake Swamp 8980: 8978: 8970: 8969: 8967: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8944:Kentucky Ridge 8941: 8936: 8931: 8925: 8923: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8803: 8797: 8795: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8727: 8725: 8719: 8718: 8716: 8715: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8698:Natural Bridge 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8663:General Butler 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8629: 8627: 8618: 8612: 8611: 8608: 8607: 8605: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8589: 8583: 8581: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8571: 8565: 8563: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8547: 8545: 8539: 8538: 8536: 8535: 8530: 8524: 8522: 8516: 8515: 8513: 8512: 8506: 8504: 8498: 8497: 8495: 8494: 8492:Big South Fork 8488: 8486: 8484:National River 8480: 8479: 8477: 8476: 8474:Cumberland Gap 8471: 8465: 8463: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8453: 8447: 8445: 8443:National Parks 8436: 8430: 8429: 8418: 8417: 8410: 8403: 8395: 8386: 8385: 8383: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8363: 8360: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8352: 8351: 8349: 8348: 8342: 8340: 8336: 8335: 8333: 8332: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8319: 8317: 8316: 8310: 8308: 8304: 8303: 8301: 8300: 8294: 8292: 8286: 8285: 8283: 8282: 8277: 8271: 8269: 8265: 8264: 8262: 8261: 8255: 8253: 8247: 8246: 8244: 8243: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8211: 8209: 8203: 8202: 8200: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8032:Beeton Shelter 8029: 8024: 8019: 8013: 8011: 8003: 8002: 7990: 7989: 7986: 7985: 7982: 7981: 7979: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7773: 7768: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7732: 7730: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7722: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7709: 7707: 7706: 7704:T'uqu T'uquyuq 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7675: 7673: 7669: 7668: 7666: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7619: 7617: 7613: 7612: 7610: 7609: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7593: 7587: 7585: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7577: 7571: 7569: 7563: 7562: 7560: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7528: 7526: 7522: 7521: 7519: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7487: 7485: 7481: 7480: 7478: 7477: 7472: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7459: 7457: 7456: 7451: 7445: 7443: 7439: 7438: 7436: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7399: 7397: 7393: 7392: 7390: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7373: 7371: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7363: 7357: 7355: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7347: 7341: 7339: 7331: 7330: 7314: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7302: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7281: 7275: 7273: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7265: 7259: 7257: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7206:Pinnacle Point 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7144: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7062: 7060: 7056: 7055: 7053: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7036: 7034: 7030: 7029: 7027: 7026: 7020: 7018: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7008:The White Lady 7005: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6992: 6990: 6989: 6983: 6981: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6937: 6935: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6927: 6922: 6916: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6907: 6906: 6900: 6898: 6894: 6893: 6891: 6890: 6885: 6879: 6877: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6869: 6864: 6858: 6856: 6852: 6851: 6849: 6848: 6842: 6840: 6836: 6835: 6833: 6832: 6826: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6817: 6816: 6811: 6805: 6803: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6795: 6789: 6787: 6779: 6778: 6766: 6765: 6762: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6754: 6749: 6743: 6741: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6722: 6720: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6689: 6684: 6682: 6678: 6677: 6675: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6658: 6656: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6627: 6625: 6621: 6620: 6618: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6591: 6589: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6575: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6563: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6547: 6541: 6539: 6535: 6534: 6532: 6531: 6529:Khoit Tsenkher 6525: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6515: 6509: 6507: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6463: 6461: 6457: 6456: 6454: 6453: 6448: 6442: 6440: 6436: 6435: 6433: 6432: 6426: 6424: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6375: 6373: 6369: 6368: 6366: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6294: 6292: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6284: 6279: 6273: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6217: 6215: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6140: 6138: 6134: 6133: 6131: 6130: 6124: 6122: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6098: 6096: 6092: 6091: 6089: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6037: 6035: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6027: 6021: 6019: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5975: 5973: 5969: 5968: 5966: 5965: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5952: 5950: 5949: 5943: 5941: 5933: 5932: 5920: 5919: 5916: 5915: 5912: 5911: 5909: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5841:Creswell Crags 5838: 5833: 5828: 5823: 5821:Aveline's Hole 5817: 5815: 5814:United Kingdom 5811: 5810: 5808: 5807: 5801: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5780: 5778: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5770: 5765: 5763:Santa Catalina 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5639: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5622: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5604: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5582: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5576: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5558:Monte Castillo 5555: 5552: 5547: 5544: 5534: 5529: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5516: 5514: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5492: 5490: 5486: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5466: 5464: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5439:Hadži-Prodan's 5435: 5433: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5389: 5387: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5358: 5356: 5352: 5351: 5349: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5307: 5305: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5297: 5292: 5286: 5284: 5280: 5279: 5277: 5276: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5254: 5252: 5246: 5245: 5243: 5242: 5236: 5234: 5230: 5229: 5227: 5226: 5220: 5218: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5210: 5204: 5202: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5194: 5188: 5186: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5161: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5123: 5121: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5102: 5100: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5015: 5013: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4974: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4937: 4935: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4721: 4720: 4715: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4690: 4685: 4682: 4677: 4676:Laugerie-Haute 4674: 4672:Laugerie-Basse 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4653:Abri Chadourne 4651: 4648: 4643: 4642: 4641: 4636: 4630: 4625: 4622: 4619: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4553:Czech Republic 4550: 4549: 4547: 4546: 4540: 4538: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4530: 4525: 4523:Romuald's Cave 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4492: 4490: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4442: 4440: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4351: 4349: 4341: 4340: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4317:Cave paintings 4314: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4301:cave paintings 4296: 4295: 4288: 4281: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4256: 4248: 4233: 4228: 4221: 4220:External links 4218: 4217: 4216: 4201: 4178: 4171: 4162: 4159: 4147: 4146: 4128: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4114: 4091: 4068: 4053: 4041: 4038:Stephen Bishop 4005: 4004:Brucker series 4002: 4001: 4000: 3993: 3987: 3974: 3963: 3949: 3938:summer tanager 3930: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3910: 3901: 3883: 3880:on 2018-08-19. 3862: 3859:on 2012-11-15. 3844: 3826: 3801: 3779: 3772: 3754: 3725: 3702: 3688:. A. V. Club. 3673: 3644: 3632: 3606: 3595:. July 1, 1941 3580: 3558: 3555:on 2012-06-07. 3549:"Mammoth Cave" 3540: 3509: 3483: 3469:. Data Basin. 3458: 3428: 3402: 3373: 3351: 3311: 3292: 3272: 3246: 3243:on 2012-03-17. 3219: 3210: 3201: 3192: 3183: 3174: 3165: 3140: 3122: 3113: 3106: 3086: 3079: 3059: 3050: 3041: 3016: 3002:. 2018-08-02. 2987: 2978: 2966: 2936: 2907: 2881: 2852: 2823: 2814: 2790: 2758: 2703: 2669: 2634: 2610: 2588: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2480: 2477: 2472: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2406: 2403: 2374: 2367:'s 1851 novel 2357: 2344: 2337: 2320: 2307: 2294: 2291: 2287:woolly mammoth 2281: 2278: 2123:tricolored bat 2095:Myotis sodalis 2087: 2086: 2078: 2071: 2069: 2057: 2050: 2048: 2039: 2032: 2030: 2021: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2002: 2000: 1991: 1984: 1980: 1977: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1874: 1873: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1804: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1730: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1660: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1384: 1380: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1364: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1240: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1196: 1195: 1189: 1185:Hardiness zone 1164: 1161: 1140: 1137: 1111: 1108: 1075: 1072: 1002: 999: 987: 984: 971:summer tanager 952:eminent domain 935: 932: 908:Colossal Caves 872: 869: 848:(his brother, 775:Stephen Bishop 726: 723: 629: 626: 538: 535: 533: 530: 489: 486: 390: 387: 368: 365: 324:counties. The 293: 292: 289: 288: 281: 277: 276: 271: 267: 266: 263: 257: 256: 251: 248: 247: 244: 243: 238: 234: 233: 228: 224: 223: 220: 216: 215: 212: 208: 207: 204: 200: 199: 167: 163: 162: 157: 153: 152: 134: 130: 129: 119: 110: 109: 103: 102: 101: 100: 91: 82: 81: 75: 74: 73: 72: 71: 68: 67: 64: 56: 55: 45: 42: 41: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11679: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11623: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11613: 11610: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11574: 11572: 11557: 11554: 11552: 11549: 11545: 11542: 11541: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11513: 11510: 11509: 11508: 11505: 11503: 11500: 11498: 11495: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11487:Civil defense 11485: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11477:Cave painting 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11449: 11447: 11443: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11405: 11402: 11401: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11366: 11364: 11362:Organisations 11360: 11350: 11347: 11345: 11342: 11340: 11337: 11335: 11332: 11330: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11320: 11317: 11315: 11312: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11292: 11291: 11289: 11285: 11279: 11276: 11274: 11271: 11270: 11268: 11264: 11261: 11257: 11247: 11244: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11227: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11196:Mustang Caves 11194: 11192: 11189: 11187: 11184: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11169: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11113: 11111: 11107: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11081: 11078: 11074: 11071: 11070: 11069: 11066: 11064: 11063:Semi-basement 11061: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11053:Subway system 11051: 11049: 11046: 11044: 11041: 11039: 11036: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11023:Utility vault 11021: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11008:Rock-cut tomb 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10998:Passage grave 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10981: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10953:Earth shelter 10951: 10949: 10946: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10934: 10931: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10918:Blast shelter 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10890: 10888: 10884: 10881: 10877: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10836:Kazumura Cave 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10813: 10811: 10807: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10795:Volcanic pipe 10793: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10783: 10781: 10778: 10776: 10773: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10763: 10761: 10758: 10754: 10751: 10750: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10743:Maternity den 10741: 10739: 10738:Magma chamber 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10673: 10672: 10669: 10665: 10662: 10660: 10657: 10655: 10654:Burrow fossil 10652: 10651: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10625: 10622: 10618: 10614: 10607: 10602: 10600: 10595: 10593: 10588: 10587: 10584: 10571: 10566: 10562: 10557: 10554: 10549: 10546: 10541: 10538: 10533: 10530: 10525: 10522: 10517: 10514: 10509: 10506: 10501: 10498: 10497:National Mall 10493: 10490: 10485: 10482: 10477: 10474: 10469: 10466: 10461: 10458: 10453: 10450: 10445: 10442: 10437: 10434: 10429: 10428: 10425: 10420: 10413: 10408: 10406: 10401: 10399: 10394: 10393: 10390: 10378: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10360: 10359: 10356: 10350: 10349:Spur's Defeat 10347: 10345: 10342: 10340: 10337: 10336: 10334: 10332:Miscellaneous 10330: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10308: 10304: 10299: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10268:Charles Scott 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10254: 10253:James Johnson 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10231: 10229: 10226: 10225: 10223: 10219: 10215: 10208: 10203: 10201: 10196: 10194: 10189: 10188: 10185: 10175: 10169: 10163: 10160: 10159: 10157: 10155: 10151: 10145: 10142: 10141: 10139: 10135: 10129: 10126: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10074: 10073:Chaco Culture 10071: 10069: 10066: 10065: 10063: 10061: 10057: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10045:Poverty Point 10043: 10041: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10016: 10014: 10012: 10008: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9993: 9991: 9989: 9985: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9970: 9968: 9966: 9962: 9958: 9951: 9946: 9944: 9939: 9937: 9932: 9931: 9928: 9917: 9913: 9908: 9902: 9896: 9889: 9882: 9875: 9868: 9861: 9854: 9847: 9840: 9833: 9826: 9819: 9812: 9805: 9798: 9791: 9784: 9777: 9770: 9763: 9756: 9749: 9742: 9735: 9728: 9721: 9714: 9707: 9700: 9693: 9686: 9679: 9672: 9665: 9658: 9651: 9644: 9637: 9630: 9623: 9616: 9609: 9602: 9595: 9588: 9581: 9574: 9567: 9560: 9553: 9546: 9539: 9532: 9525: 9518: 9511: 9504: 9497: 9490: 9483: 9476: 9469: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9367: 9364: 9362: 9361:Mount Rainier 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9306:Indiana Dunes 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9143: 9140: 9136: 9129: 9124: 9122: 9117: 9115: 9110: 9109: 9106: 9094: 9093: 9089: 9087: 9086: 9075: 9074: 9071: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9046: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8981: 8979: 8977: 8971: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8926: 8924: 8922: 8921:State Forests 8918: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8876:Mineral Mound 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8821:Fishtrap Lake 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8788: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8731:Big Bone Lick 8729: 8728: 8726: 8724: 8720: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8708:Pine Mountain 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8643:Buckhorn Lake 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8613: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8584: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8570: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8562: 8558: 8552: 8549: 8548: 8546: 8544: 8540: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8521: 8517: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8505: 8503: 8499: 8493: 8490: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8481: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8462: 8458: 8452: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8444: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8431: 8427: 8423: 8416: 8411: 8409: 8404: 8402: 8397: 8396: 8393: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8375:Cave painting 8373: 8371: 8370:List of caves 8368: 8365: 8364: 8361: 8347: 8344: 8343: 8341: 8337: 8331: 8328: 8327: 8325: 8321: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8305: 8299: 8296: 8295: 8293: 8291: 8287: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8266: 8260: 8257: 8256: 8254: 8252: 8251:New Caledonia 8248: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8208: 8204: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8157:New Guinea II 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8132:Mannalargenna 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8008: 8004: 8000: 7995: 7991: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7901:On Your Knees 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7826:Hidden Valley 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7782: 7779: 7777: 7774: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7764: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7729:United States 7727: 7721: 7718: 7717: 7715: 7711: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7676: 7674: 7670: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7648:Guilá Naquitz 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7633:Dzibilchaltún 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7620: 7618: 7614: 7608: 7605: 7604: 7602: 7598: 7592: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7582: 7576: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7568: 7564: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7523: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7482: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7452: 7450: 7447: 7446: 7444: 7440: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7413:Pedra Pintada 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7394: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7368: 7362: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7352: 7346: 7343: 7342: 7340: 7336: 7332: 7328: 7327:South America 7324: 7319: 7315: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7270: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7254: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7228: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7191:Klasies River 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7166:Byneskranskop 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7146: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7037: 7035: 7031: 7025: 7022: 7021: 7019: 7015: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6994: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6956:Ifri Oudadane 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6938: 6936: 6932: 6926: 6925:Uan Muhuggiag 6923: 6921: 6918: 6917: 6915: 6911: 6905: 6902: 6901: 6899: 6895: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6853: 6847: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6837: 6831: 6828: 6827: 6825: 6821: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6800: 6794: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6771: 6767: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6723: 6721: 6717: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6659: 6657: 6653: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6631:Batadombalena 6629: 6628: 6626: 6622: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6586: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6572: 6568: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6552: 6546: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6536: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6520: 6514: 6511: 6510: 6508: 6504: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6487:Ras Baalbek I 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6458: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6443: 6441: 6437: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6421: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6370: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6323:Nahal Me'arot 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6293: 6289: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6274: 6272: 6268: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6212: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6181: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6135: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6099: 6097: 6093: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6032: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6016: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5970: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5954: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5925: 5921: 5907: 5906:Windmill Hill 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5851:Heathery Burn 5849: 5847: 5844: 5842: 5839: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5775: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5641: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5623: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5609: 5606: 5605: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5586:Tito Bustillo 5584: 5579: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5567:Las Chimeneas 5566: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5559: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5539: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5518: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5493: 5491: 5487: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5467: 5465: 5461: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5436: 5434: 5430: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5393:Akhshtyrskaya 5391: 5390: 5388: 5384: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5359: 5357: 5353: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5341:Pego do Diabo 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5302: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5281: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5235: 5231: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5219: 5215: 5209: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5199: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5187: 5185: 5181: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5160: 5159: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5132:Arene Candide 5130: 5128: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5118: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5097: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5019:Devil's Tower 5017: 5016: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4858: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4793:Pair-non-Pair 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4778:Le Mas-d'Azil 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4728:Arcy-sur-Cure 4726: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4667:Font-de-Gaume 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4640: 4637: 4635:Abri Castanet 4634: 4633: 4632:Castel Merle 4631: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4551: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4382: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4302: 4294: 4289: 4287: 4282: 4280: 4275: 4274: 4271: 4264: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4249: 4247: 4246:OpenStreetMap 4243: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4214: 4213:0-442-22675-6 4210: 4206: 4202: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4190:0-914264-28-1 4187: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4172: 4169: 4165: 4164: 4158: 4156: 4152: 4144: 4143:0-939748-41-X 4140: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4126: 4122: 4121: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4103:0-8093-2346-X 4100: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4080:0-8093-1322-7 4077: 4073: 4069: 4066: 4065:0-914264-18-4 4062: 4058: 4054: 4051: 4050:Floyd Collins 4046: 4042: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4014: 4013: 4010: 3998: 3994: 3990: 3988:0-262-13436-5 3984: 3980: 3975: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3962: 3961:0-89646-054-1 3958: 3954: 3950: 3947: 3943: 3942:Piranga rubra 3939: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3924: 3923: 3905: 3899: 3895: 3892: 3887: 3879: 3875: 3869: 3867: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3783: 3775: 3769: 3765: 3758: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3729: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3711: 3706: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3648: 3641: 3640:Montfort 2005 3636: 3629: 3628: 3623: 3619: 3616: 3610: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3568: 3562: 3554: 3550: 3544: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3513: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3472: 3468: 3462: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3432: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3392:on 2021-06-18 3391: 3387: 3383: 3377: 3369: 3362: 3355: 3347: 3341: 3325: 3321: 3315: 3299: 3295: 3293:9783319537184 3289: 3285: 3284: 3276: 3261: 3257: 3254:James Wells. 3250: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3223: 3214: 3205: 3196: 3187: 3178: 3169: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3117: 3109: 3103: 3099: 3098: 3090: 3082: 3076: 3072: 3071: 3063: 3054: 3045: 3031:on 2016-03-14 3030: 3026: 3020: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2991: 2982: 2969: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2940: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2911: 2895: 2891: 2885: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2827: 2818: 2804: 2800: 2794: 2775: 2768: 2762: 2754: 2748: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2673: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2624: 2620: 2614: 2598: 2592: 2585: 2568: 2562: 2558: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2522:List of caves 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2483: 2476: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2404: 2401: 2396: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2384: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2371: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2312: 2311:Will Crowther 2308: 2305: 2301: 2300:Donald Finkel 2297: 2296: 2290: 2288: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2228:A. W. Kuchler 2224: 2222: 2217: 2214: 2212: 2211: 2206: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2195:cave crayfish 2192: 2191: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2176: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2153: 2147: 2145: 2144: 2139: 2135: 2130: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2115:big brown bat 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2083: 2082: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2061: 2054: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2036: 2031: 2027: 2026: 2018: 2013: 2006: 2001: 1997: 1996: 1988: 1983: 1982: 1971:Source: NOAA 1969: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1922: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1875: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1736: 1735:precipitation 1731: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1591: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1381: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1241: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1116: 1107: 1103: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1088: 1080: 1071: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1034:Roger Brucker 1031: 1027: 1026:True Magazine 1022: 1020: 1015: 1007: 998: 995: 993: 979: 975: 972: 967: 963: 961: 955: 953: 948: 940: 931: 929: 925: 920: 919:Floyd Collins 915: 911: 909: 903: 901: 896: 894: 890: 885: 877: 868: 866: 862: 858: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 838:Bayard Taylor 835: 831: 826: 822: 820: 816: 812: 804: 800: 796: 793: 789: 787: 783: 780: 776: 772: 768: 766: 763: 757: 755: 750: 748: 744: 740: 731: 722: 720: 711: 707: 705: 695: 665: 661: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 625: 621: 617: 615: 611: 606: 604: 600: 596: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 570: 566: 564: 563:pre-Columbian 560: 556: 548: 543: 529: 527: 523: 519: 515: 510: 506: 503: 494: 485: 483: 479: 474: 470: 468: 464: 458: 454: 452: 448: 444: 440: 439:stratigraphic 432: 428: 424: 422: 418: 414: 409: 407: 403: 400: 396: 395:Mississippian 385: 380: 373: 364: 362: 358: 353: 351: 347: 342: 337: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 290: 286: 282: 278: 275: 272: 268: 264: 262: 258: 254: 249: 245: 242: 239: 235: 232: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 196: 168: 164: 161: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 135: 131: 107: 79: 69: 62: 57: 52: 51:national park 48: 47:IUCN category 43: 38: 33: 19: 11457:Cave dweller 11319:Nome Kingdom 11273:Hollow Earth 11186:Maginot Line 11085:Storm cellar 10903:Burial vault 10845: 10765:Rock shelter 10676:Glacier cave 10448: 10318:Mammoth Cave 10317: 10278:John Simpson 10273:Isaac Shelby 10172:Shared with 10029:Mammoth Cave 10028: 9351:Mammoth Cave 9350: 9336:Kobuk Valley 9331:Kings Canyon 9326:Kenai Fjords 9261:Grand Canyon 9246:Gateway Arch 9231:Dry Tortugas 9221:Death Valley 9191:Capitol Reef 9181:Bryce Canyon 9090: 9076: 9019:Jesse Stuart 8856:Kingdom Come 8851:Kincaid Lake 8836:Grayson Lake 8688:Lake Barkley 8668:Greenbo Lake 8648:Carter Caves 8587:Clarks River 8528:Daniel Boone 8451:Mammoth Cave 8450: 8182:Wargata Mina 8142:Murrawijinie 8077:Eagles Reach 8072:Devil's Lair 7976:Wilson Butte 7865: 7761:Cherry Creek 7751:Bull Thistle 7496:Chiribiquete 7454:Charlie Lake 7382:Barton Creek 7196:Melkhoutboom 7136:Sterkfontein 7126:Plovers Lake 7059:South Africa 6961:Jebel Irhoud 6946:Ifri N'Ammar 6681:Turkmenistan 6646:Hunugalagala 6430:Iraq ed-Dubb 6195:Jeriji Saléh 5856:High Pasture 5413:Shulgan-Tash 5336:Pedra Furada 5157: 4996:Lichtenstein 4986:Brillenhöhle 4915:Le Regourdou 4875:La Ferrassie 4870:Combe Grenal 4813:Trois Frères 4748:Fontéchevade 4701:La Madeleine 4355:Drachenhöhle 4251: 4204: 4198:SUNY Oneonta 4181: 4174: 4167: 4148: 4134: 4124: 4106: 4094: 4087: 4071: 4056: 4044: 4020:Cave Books. 4017: 4007: 3996: 3978: 3966: 3952: 3945: 3941: 3926: 3915:Bibliography 3904: 3886: 3878:the original 3857:the original 3847: 3839:the original 3829: 3818:. Retrieved 3804: 3795: 3791: 3788:Nickell, Joe 3782: 3763: 3757: 3746:. Retrieved 3737: 3728: 3720: 3705: 3694:. Retrieved 3685: 3676: 3665:. Retrieved 3656: 3647: 3635: 3625: 3609: 3599:February 20, 3597:. Retrieved 3592: 3583: 3571:. Retrieved 3561: 3553:the original 3543: 3531:. Retrieved 3522: 3512: 3500:. Retrieved 3486: 3475:. Retrieved 3461: 3449:. Retrieved 3440: 3431: 3419:. Retrieved 3405: 3394:. Retrieved 3390:the original 3376: 3367: 3354: 3328:. Retrieved 3314: 3302:. Retrieved 3282: 3275: 3264:. Retrieved 3249: 3241:the original 3236: 3232: 3222: 3213: 3204: 3195: 3186: 3177: 3172:Hoskins 1941 3168: 3157:. Retrieved 3143: 3135:the original 3125: 3116: 3096: 3089: 3069: 3062: 3053: 3044: 3033:. Retrieved 3029:the original 3019: 3008:. Retrieved 2999: 2990: 2981: 2971:, retrieved 2950:Mammoth Cave 2949: 2939: 2928:. Retrieved 2919: 2910: 2898:. Retrieved 2893: 2884: 2873:. Retrieved 2864: 2855: 2844:. Retrieved 2835: 2826: 2817: 2806:. Retrieved 2803:www.usgs.gov 2802: 2793: 2781:. Retrieved 2761: 2735:. Retrieved 2726: 2694:. Retrieved 2681: 2672: 2660:. Retrieved 2651: 2626:. Retrieved 2622: 2613: 2601:. Retrieved 2591: 2574:. Retrieved 2561: 2474: 2398:it's called 2392: 2391:writing for 2381: 2380:writing for 2368: 2351: 2333: 2329: 2323: 2314: 2303: 2283: 2270: 2256: 2251: 2243: 2225: 2218: 2215: 2208: 2198: 2188: 2182: 2172: 2162: 2156: 2150: 2148: 2141: 2131: 2126: 2118: 2110: 2102: 2094: 2088: 2079: 2059: 2041: 2023: 1993: 1737:inches (mm) 1183:, the Plant 1176: 1166: 1157: 1142: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1104: 1100:World War II 1089: 1085: 1068: 1057: 1041: 1038: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1016: 1012: 996: 989: 968: 966:assembled." 964: 956: 949: 945: 916: 912: 904: 897: 886: 882: 854:assassinated 827: 823: 811:John Croghan 808: 802: 794: 790: 773: 769: 758: 751: 736: 725:19th century 716: 703: 700: 638:Philadelphia 631: 622: 618: 607: 590:carbon dates 571: 567: 552: 511: 507: 499: 475: 471: 459: 455: 436: 430: 410: 392: 382: 378: 354: 340: 338: 297: 296: 214:July 1, 1941 11539:Mole people 11524:Mine rescue 11472:Cave rescue 11462:Cave diving 11206:Mogao Caves 11136:Coober Pedy 11095:Spider hole 11073:Septic tank 11013:Root cellar 10664:Paleoburrow 10613:Subterranea 10421:Conventions 10154:Territories 9446:Yellowstone 9431:White Sands 9316:Joshua Tree 9311:Isle Royale 9301:Hot Springs 9271:Great Basin 9266:Grand Teton 9256:Glacier Bay 9211:Crater Lake 9186:Canyonlands 8934:Green River 8861:Lake Malone 8673:Jenny Wiley 8592:Green River 8268:New Zealand 8092:Gwion Gwion 7961:Trail Creek 7886:Meadowcroft 7846:Last Supper 7776:Daugherty's 7638:Las Flechas 7423:Rei do Mato 7147:Other caves 7131:Rising Star 7106:Makapansgat 7071:Bolt's Farm 6888:Njoro River 6731:Teshik-Tash 6726:Obi-Rakhmat 6710:Yarımburgaz 6610:Lapuz Lapuz 6588:Philippines 6497:Nachcharini 6492:Ras El Kelb 6451:Tam Pa Ling 6446:Tham An Mah 6328:Nahal Hemar 6076:Zhoukoudian 6051:Guanyindong 6025:Laang Spean 5947:Darra-e Kur 5940:Afghanistan 5886:Portbraddon 5876:Marble Arch 5789:Wildkirchli 5777:Switzerland 5713:Other caves 5686:Ojo Guareña 5666:Maltravieso 5661:Los Casares 5636:Siega Verde 5601:Los Aviones 5596:Santimamiñe 5570:Las Monedas 5563:El Castillo 5470:Čertova pec 5418:Mezmaiskaya 5326:Lagar Velho 5258:Cocev Kamen 5137:Balzi Rossi 4977:Other caves 4966:Sirgenstein 4895:Le Moustier 4885:Fontbrégoua 4845:Bonne-Femme 4825:Other caves 4544:Aetokremnos 4487:Utroba Cave 4393:Claminforge 4390:Belle-Roche 4118:Archaeology 4111:Roppel Cave 3320:Gulden, Bob 2920:www.nps.gov 2894:www.nps.gov 2865:www.nps.gov 2836:www.nps.gov 2623:www.nps.gov 2389:Joe Nickell 2361:sperm whale 2304:Going Under 2205:cave shrimp 2121:), and the 2091:Indiana bat 1879:(≥ 0.01 in) 846:Edwin Booth 739:War of 1812 689: / 658:War of 1812 646:Green River 642:Bacon Creek 603:agriculture 597:culture to 467:stalagmites 463:stalactites 334:Nolin River 332:called the 326:Green River 280:Inscription 211:Established 190: / 166:Coordinates 160:Brownsville 11571:Categories 11551:Speleology 11544:in fiction 11324:Pellucidar 11166:Kome Caves 10816:Balve Cave 10760:Pit crater 10716:Talus cave 10639:Ant colony 10233:John Allen 10228:John Adair 10093:Mesa Verde 10034:Monticello 10019:Everglades 9411:Shenandoah 9356:Mesa Verde 9341:Lake Clark 9236:Everglades 9039:Tom Dorman 9024:JJ Audubon 9009:Blue Licks 8929:Dewey Lake 8886:Nolin Lake 8801:Carr Creek 8771:White Hall 8380:Speleology 8197:Wellington 8152:Naracoorte 8137:Mudgegonga 8122:Madjedbebe 8087:Gabarnmung 8027:Ballawinne 8017:Abrakurrie 7916:Pictograph 7694:Qillqatani 7689:Pikimachay 7684:Guitarrero 7679:Chivateros 7658:Oxtotitlán 7511:Tequendama 7221:Wonderwerk 7201:Nelson Bay 7181:Elands Bay 7141:Swartkrans 7086:Gladysvale 7033:Somaliland 6980:Mozambique 6920:Haua Fteah 6719:Uzbekistan 6384:Minatogawa 6379:Kosegasawa 6333:Nahal Oren 6277:Hazar Merd 6246:Qaleh Bozi 6231:Do-Ashkaft 6128:Satsurblia 6095:East Timor 5972:Azerbaijan 5861:Kendrick's 5826:Bontnewydd 5748:Don Gaspar 5701:Praileaitz 5656:Las Caldas 5574:La Pasiega 5501:Divje Babe 5423:Okladnikov 5408:Ignatievka 5331:Pala Pinta 5240:Għar Dalam 5217:Luxembourg 5192:St Brelade 5174:Villabruna 5085:Stravomyti 5075:Megalakkos 5060:Eileithyia 5045:Alepotrypa 4956:Hohle Fels 4842:Balauzière 4798:Pech Merle 4706:Rouffignac 4680:La Micoque 4662:Cro-Magnon 4621:Bara Bahau 4565:Býčí skála 4513:Vela Spila 4472:Devetashka 4467:Bacho Kiro 3820:2006-05-28 3773:1851520112 3748:2015-06-18 3696:2015-04-29 3667:2015-04-28 3533:2 February 3502:2 February 3477:2019-07-15 3396:2019-07-15 3266:2014-05-05 3159:2015-05-20 3035:2006-02-11 3010:2021-12-03 2973:2024-04-08 2930:2017-10-29 2875:2022-01-11 2846:2022-01-11 2808:2023-08-23 2719:Bob Gulden 2628:2023-02-17 2554:References 2547:Speleology 2400:pareidolia 2267:gastropods 1926:(≥ 0.1 in) 1053:prehistory 900:Max Kämper 861:Jenny Lind 815:Louisville 721:reserves. 677:86°06′13″W 674:37°11′14″N 584:and early 537:Prehistory 482:Cedar Sink 449:, and the 283:1981 (5th 178:86°06′04″W 175:37°11′13″N 147:counties, 11467:Cave gate 11339:Underdark 11287:Exemplars 11109:Exemplars 11048:Wine cave 10923:Catacombs 10809:Exemplars 10706:Show cave 10696:Lava tube 10691:Lava cave 9965:Northeast 9916:elevation 9436:Wind Cave 9426:Voyageurs 9386:Pinnacles 9291:Haleakalā 9014:Brigadoon 9004:Blackacre 8959:Pennyrile 8569:Red River 8346:Nanumanga 8330:Falemauga 8241:Makauwahi 8010:Australia 7966:Trinchera 7841:La Grange 7811:Gatecliff 7806:Franktown 7801:Fort Rock 7781:Dry Creek 7699:Toquepala 7663:Sac Actun 7653:Ox Bel Ha 7643:Frightful 7628:Coxcatlan 7607:Long Mile 7361:Quadiriki 7338:Argentina 7176:Diepkloof 7161:Boomplaas 7116:Minnaar's 7101:Kromdraai 7050:Laas Geel 7045:Dhaymoole 7040:Dhambalin 7003:Apollo 11 6904:Liphofung 6830:Shum Laka 6793:Gueldaman 6747:Con Moong 6624:Sri Lanka 6571:Palestine 6545:Padah-Lin 6482:Ksar Akil 6414:Yamashita 6399:Pinza-Abu 6205:Pettakere 6200:Liang Bua 6183:Indonesia 6169:Pahargarh 6154:Bhimbetka 6112:Lene Hara 6102:Jerimalai 6081:Zengpiyan 6071:Yuchanyan 5871:Long Hole 5768:del Valle 5743:dels Bous 5696:la Pileta 5631:Atapuerca 5546:Covalanas 5444:Pešturina 5372:Muierilor 5362:Coliboaia 5274:Svarthola 5090:Theopetra 5080:Petralona 5065:Franchthi 5055:Asphendou 5011:Gibraltar 4981:Baumann's 4971:Vogelherd 4946:Bockstein 4925:Vallonnet 4920:Rochereil 4910:Raymonden 4900:Noisetier 4852:Bruniquel 4773:Marsoulas 4763:Lombrives 4758:La Marche 4684:La Mouthe 4650:Abri Audi 4628:Cap Blanc 4570:Koněprusy 4560:Amatérská 4528:Veternica 4477:Kozarnika 4451:Ledenjača 4375:Tischofer 4365:Lurgrotte 3738:gbvdb.com 3573:10 August 2370:Moby-Dick 2263:blastoids 2203:), and a 2179:cave fish 1064:inholding 981:Park sign 898:In 1908, 889:steamboat 842:John Muir 809:In 1839, 747:gunpowder 719:saltpeter 654:Yorkshire 634:indenture 406:sandstone 399:limestone 350:Sac Actun 330:tributary 270:Reference 11080:Stepwell 11068:Sewerage 10978:Hypogeum 10958:Erdstall 10948:Dry well 10928:Casemate 10908:Borehole 10898:Basement 10770:Sinkhole 10701:Pit Cave 10686:Ice cave 10361:See also 10001:Hopewell 9451:Yosemite 9206:Congaree 9171:Biscayne 9166:Big Bend 9161:Badlands 8939:Kentenia 8766:Waveland 8602:Reelfoot 8426:Kentucky 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