5142:
1809:
937:
1840:
589:
1375:, American developers were greatly influenced by Japanese space shooters but took the genre in a different direction from the "more deterministic, scripted, pattern-type" gameplay of Japanese games, towards a more "programmer-centric design culture, emphasizing algorithmic generation of backgrounds and enemy dispatch" and "an emphasis on random-event generation, particle-effect explosions and physics" as seen in arcade games such as his own
1199:. The hardware was unable to render the movement of aircraft, so the game was set in space, with a black background. It had a more interactive style of play than earlier target shooting games, with multiple enemies who responded to the player-controlled cannon's movement and fired back at the player. The game ended when the player was killed by the enemies. While earlier shooting games allowed the player to shoot at targets,
2047:
4895:
59:
481:. In some games, the player's character can withstand some damage or a single hit will result in their destruction. The main skills required in shoot 'em ups are fast reactions and memorising enemy attack patterns. Some games feature overwhelming numbers of enemy projectiles and the player has to memorise their patterns to survive. These games belong to one of the fastest-paced
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for "them"), calling games featuring one-on-one shooting "combat games". Formerly, critics described any game where the primary design element was shooting as a "shoot 'em up", but later shoot 'em ups became a specific, inward-looking genre based on design conventions established in those shooting games of the 1980s.
3510:
Also different is the multidirectional joystick with its trigger. The player's ship can move anywhere within a block of space at the bottom of the screen; although it can move in an infinite number of directions and curves, it always points upward. The player can control all of this motion, and fire,
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in Japan, and often referred to as "bullet hell" or "manic shooters" in
English-speaking regions. These games are characterized by high numbers of enemy projectiles, often in complex "curtain fire" patterns, as well as collision boxes that are smaller than the sprites themselves, allowing the player
1006:
A small subgenre of shooter games that emphasizes chaotic, reflex-based gameplay designed to put the player in a trance-like state. In trance shooters, enemy patterns usually have randomized elements, forcing the player to rely on reflexes rather than pattern memorization. Games of this type usually
452:
movement. Others widen the scope to include games featuring such protagonists as robots or humans on foot, as well as including games featuring "on-rails" (or "into the screen") and "run and gun" movement. Mark Wolf restricts the definition to games featuring multiple antagonists ("'em" being short
991:
is a subgenre characterized by the player character collecting or unlocking abilities and attacks whose visuals overlap and clutter the game screen as the game progresses. They also share a feature of many enemy characters, commonly called "hordes," walking toward the player from off-screen. This
488:
Large numbers of enemy characters programmed to behave in an easily predictable manner are typically featured. These enemies may behave in a certain way dependent on their type, or attack in formations that the player can learn to predict. The basic gameplay tends to be straightforward with many
967:
is a subgenre of shooters in which the screen becomes crowded with complex "curtain fire" enemy patterns. It is also characterized by collision boxes that are smaller than the sprites themselves, to accommodate maneuvering through these crowded firing patterns. This style of game, also known as
447:
A "shoot 'em up", also known as a "shmup" or "STG" (the common
Japanese abbreviation for "shooting games"), is a game in which the protagonist combats a large number of enemies by shooting at them while dodging their fire. The controlling player must rely primarily on reaction times to succeed.
1218:
set the general template for the shoot 'em up genre. It became one of the most widely cloned shooting games, spawning more than 100 imitators with only the most minor differences (if any) from the original. Most shooting games released since then have followed its "multiple life, progressively
385:. There is no consensus as to which design elements compose a shoot 'em up; some restrict the definition to games featuring spacecraft and certain types of character movement, while others allow a broader definition including characters on foot and a variety of perspectives.
1915:, but bullet hell games were yet more inward-looking and aimed at dedicated fans of the genre looking for greater challenges. While shooter games featuring protagonists on foot largely moved to 3D-based genres, popular, long-running series such as
501:", health, shield, or upgraded weaponry. Different weapons are often suited to different enemies, but these games seldom keep track of ammunition. As such, players tend to fire indiscriminately, and their weapons only damage legitimate targets.
1885:(1993) is often considered a pivotal point in the development of this subgenre. After the closure of Toaplan, the following year, a number of studios formed from former Toaplan staff that would continue to develop this style, including
430:
shooters, run and gun games and rail shooters. In the mid-1990s, shoot 'em ups became a niche genre based on design conventions established in the 1980s, and increasingly catered to specialist enthusiasts, particularly in Japan.
1464:, which gave the player greater control over the choice of weaponry, thus introducing another element of strategy. The game also introduced the need for the player to memorise levels in order to achieve any measure of success.
1183:, it led to proliferation of shooter games. It pitted the player against multiple enemies descending from the top of the screen at a constantly increasing speed. Nishikado conceived the game by combining elements of
1958:(1998), introduced an element of narrative to the genre. It was critically acclaimed for its refined design, though it was not released outside Japan and remains a much sought-after collector's item. Its successor
1259:—"the granddaddy of all top-down shooters", according to IGN—was released. Its use of colour graphics and individualised antagonists were considered "strong evolutionary concepts" among space ship games. In 1981
2549:
2035:. However, despite the genre's continued appeal to an enthusiastic niche of players, shoot 'em up developers are increasingly embattled financially by the power of home consoles and their attendant genres.
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Bullet hell games were first popularized in
Japanese arcades during a time when 3D games and fighting games were eclipsing other games. The flashy firing patterns were intended to grab players attention.
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led to run and gun games becoming the dominant style of shoot 'em up during the late 1980s to early 1990s, with the term "shoot 'em up" itself becoming synonymous with "run and gun" during this period.
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is typically a vehicle or spacecraft under constant attack. Thus, the player's goal is to shoot as quickly as possible at anything that moves or threatens them to reach the end of the level with a
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Run and gun games became popular in the mid-1980s. These games feature characters on foot, rather than spacecraft, and often have military themes. The origins of this type of shooter go back to
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limit the player to moving around the screen while following a specific route; these games often feature an "into the screen" viewpoint, with which the action is seen from behind the
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feature brightly colored graphics depicting surreal settings and enemies. Cute 'em ups tend to have unusual, oftentimes completely bizarre opponents for the player to fight, with
1745:, a rail shooter released in 1985, broke new ground graphically and its wide variety of settings across multiple levels gave players more to aim for than high scores. In 1986,
1498:, an overhead multi-directional shooter. The game is notable for using a traditional fantasy setting in contrast to most shoot 'em up games filled with science fiction motifs.
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restrict the player and enemies to a single screen, and the player primarily moves along a single axis, such as back and forth along the bottom of the screen. Examples include
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740:(1997). Light-gun games that are "on rails" are usually not considered to be in the shoot-em-up category, but rather their own first-person light-gun shooter category.
448:
Beyond this, critics differ on exactly which design elements constitute a shoot 'em up. Some restrict the genre to games featuring some kind of craft, using fixed or
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in late 1980 and entering production in early 1981, allowed side-scrolling in both directions in a wrap-around game world, unlike most later games in the genre. The
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perspective inside buildings, while bosses were fought in an arena-style 2D battle, with the game featuring a variety of weapons and equipment. In 1987, Square's
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To further complement this game, Midway added a new change to mobility and firepower capabilities. Instead of the standard laser base controls (right and left),
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around the turn of the 20th century, before appearing in
America by the 1920s. Shooting gallery games eventually evolved into more sophisticated target shooting
414:, which popularised and set the general template for the genre in 1978, and spawned many clones. The genre was then further developed by arcade hits such as
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A popular implementation style of scrolling shooters has the player's flying vehicle moving forward, at a fixed rate, through an environment. Examples are
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1371:, whereas American arcade developers continued to focus on space shooters during the early 1980s, up until the end of the arcade golden age. According to
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in 1961, for the developers' amusement, and presents a space battle between two craft. It was remade four times as an arcade video game in the 1970s.
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557:(1981), the player primarily moves left and right along the bottom, but several inches of vertical motion are also allowed within an invisible box.
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1986:
in
October 2010 for being the "most prolific fan-made shooter series". The genre has undergone something of a resurgence with the release of the
575:(1983). Multidirectional shooters with one joystick for movement and one joystick for firing in any direction independent of movement are called
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games have protagonists that move through the world on foot and shoot attackers. Examples include the vertically scrolling, overhead view games
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1710:, the scrolling shooter genre was overcrowded, with developers struggling to make their games stand out, with exceptions such as the inventive
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1635:(1985), which it was originally intended to be an adaptation of. Contemporary critics considered military themes and protagonists similar to
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3153:
353:
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2338:
614:, space shooters were the dominant subgenre during the late 1970s to early 1980s. These games can overlap with other subgenres as well as
3156:[Space Invader, Development Secret Story Revealed Now―Interview With Developer Tomohiro Nishikado, Taito President Yoichi Wada].
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game, that was particularly acclaimed for its multi-directional aiming and two-player cooperative gameplay. By the early 1990s and the
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Johnson, Mark (2016). "Bullet Hell: The
Globalized Growth of Danmaku Games and the Digital Culture of High Scores and World Records".
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brought joystick control and (limited) vertical as well as horizontal movement to the vertically-oriented fixed-shooter genre, while
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is also the first to convincingly portray dithered/shaded organic landscapes as opposed to blocks-in-space or wireframe obstacles.
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1478:. The game received acclaim for its surreal graphics and setting and the protagonist, Opa-Opa, was for a time considered Sega's
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series. Bullet hell games marked another point where the shooter genre began to cater to more dedicated players. Games such as
1508:, employing slower paced scrolling than usual, with difficult, claustrophobic levels calling for methodical strategies. 1990's
1424:(1981) was one of the earliest tube shooters and a more successful attempt to incorporate a 3D perspective into shooter games;
300:
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in early 1981, had continuous scrolling in a single direction and was the first side-scrolling shooter with multiple distinct
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in 1979. Shoot 'em ups were popular throughout the 1980s to early 1990s, diversifying into a variety of subgenres such as
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was the first where multiple enemies fired back at the player. It also introduced the idea of giving the player multiple
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was an early stereoscopic 3-D shooter played from a third-person perspective, followed later that year by its sequel
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varieties of weapons. Shoot 'em ups rarely have realistic physics. Characters can instantly change direction with no
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spanning several sequels. The following year saw the emergence of one of Sega's forefront series with its game
1418:, but added a three-dimensional third-person perspective; the game was a commercial failure, however. Atari's
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968:"manic shooters" or "maniac shooters", originated in the mid-1990s as an offshoot of scrolling shooters. The
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the ability for the player's ship to roam the entire screen and to rotate, move and shoot in any direction.
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2000:
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continued to receive new sequels. Rail shooters have rarely been released in the new millennium, with only
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325:
3596:
Stearny, Mark (September 1982). "The
Evolution of Space Games: How We Got From Space Invaders to Zaxxon".
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achieving cult recognition. In the early 2000s, the genre achieved recognition through the mobile game
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In the early 1980s, Japanese arcade developers began moving away from space shooters towards character
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2004:
was released on Xbox Live Arcade in 2005 and in particular stood out from the various re-releases and
1964:(2001) featured improved graphics and was again acclaimed as one of the best games in the genre. Both
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1175:(1978) is most frequently cited as the "first" or "original" in the genre. A seminal game created by
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1249:, from the late 1970s up until the early 1980s, particularly the "space shooter" subgenre. In 1979,
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Transnational
Contexts of Culture, Gender, Class, and Colonialism in Play: Video Games in East Asia
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uses a multidimensional joystick which allows free movement up, down, left or right in a set zone.
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493:, and projectiles move in a straight line at constant speeds. The player's character can collect "
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1946:
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being additional key games. Some cute 'em ups may employ overtly sexual characters and innuendo.
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1983:
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646:, and moves "into the screen", while the player retains control over dodging. Examples include
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allow 360-degree movement where the protagonist may rotate and move in any direction such as
509:
Shoot 'em ups are categorized by their design elements, particularly viewpoint and movement:
75:
2407:
1998:
online services, while in Japan arcade shoot 'em ups retain a deep-rooted niche popularity.
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device of allowing the player to control the direction of flight and along with the earlier
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5044:
5002:
4117:
3366:
1756:
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1524:
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1322:, released in 1982, was one of the first and most influential vertical scrolling shooters.
1189:(1976) with those of earlier target shooting games, and simple alien creatures inspired by
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2540:"Microsoft's ID@Xbox policy means this indie twin-stick shooter can't launch on Xbox One"
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1935:
1923:
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900:
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636:(1983). There is still a single axis of motion, making these a subset of fixed shooters.
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1822:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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usually present a side-on view and scroll left to right (or less often, right to left).
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5227:
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switched between both a top-down view and a third-person view, and featured the use of
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1572:(1985), which established the standard formula used by later run and gun games. Sega's
1559:
1514:
was the beginning of another acclaimed and enduring series to emerge from this period.
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1204:
1176:
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684:
576:
545:(1982), the fixed axis of movement is vertical, along the right side of the screen. In
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87:
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1451:. In the July 1985 issue, the term was used by the editor Chris Anderson and reviewer
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1492:(1985), is an early archetype of the "cute 'em up" subgenre. In 1986, Taito released
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helped remove design limitations associated with the screen, and it also featured a
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Kraig Kujawa; Sushi-X (October 1997). "Straight
Shooters: When Dumb is More Fun".
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1308:(1979) featured vertical scrolling backgrounds and enemies, and it was the first
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473:, and players must use ranged weapons to take action at a distance. The player's
255:
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4484:
3362:"The Original 'Space Invaders' Is a Meditation on 1970s America's Deepest Fears"
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2014:
1978:
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678:
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435:" games are a subgenre of shooters that features overwhelming numbers of enemy
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1540:(1980), which had relatively detailed background graphics for its time, pit a
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Over the course of the 1990s, a new subgenre of shooters evolved, known as "
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Voorhees, Gerald (2014). "Chapter 31: Shooting". In Perron, Bernard (ed.).
1940:
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1587:
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1474:
1468:, with its iconic protagonist, defined the side-scrolling shoot 'em up and
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1008:
772:
754:
382:
235:
202:
151:
131:
80:
3708:, but nevertheless felt original thank to its 3D third-person perspective.
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format. Later notable side-scrolling run and gun shooters include Namco's
860:
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5852:
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5648:
5626:
5429:
5378:
5022:
4957:
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Transnational
Contexts of Culture, Gender, Class, and Colonialism in Play
4245:
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3395:
Halcyon Days: Interviews with Classic Computer and Video Game Programmers
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2005:
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The term "shmup" is believed to have been coined in 1985 by the British
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The video game explosion: a history from PONG to PlayStation and beyond
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1313:
1208:
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689:
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2280:, Professor Jim Whitehead, January 29, 2007. Retrieved June 17, 2008.
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1158:(1962) was the first shoot 'em up video game. It was developed at the
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History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction
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History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction
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894:(1986). Side-scrolling run and gun games often combine elements from
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449:
427:
401:
245:
4905:
1982:
series spans 26 years and 30 games as of 2022 and was listed in the
1504:, an acclaimed side-scrolling shoot 'em up, was released in 1987 by
980:
series are early titles establishing the principle of bullet hells.
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1987:
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was an influential game in the multi-directional shooter subgenre.
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760:
523:
494:
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3498:. Toronto, New York, London, Sydney: Bantam Books. p. 29-36.
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4170:. Vol. 1, no. 7. Pumpkin Press. March 1983. p. 66.
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Playing With Power: Great Ideas That Have Changed Gaming Forever
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feature colorful, abstract visuals, and electronic music (often
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have only horizontal movement controlled by a pair of buttons.
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632:
579:. One of the first games to popularize twin-stick controls was
541:
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1143:(1965). Shooting video games have roots in EM shooting games.
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5748:
4881:
Arcade Mania! The Turbo-Charged World of Japan's Game Centers
2966:
Arcade Mania! The Turbo Charged World of Japan's Game Centers
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Arcade Mania! The Turbo Charged World of Japan's Game Centers
1759:
side-scrolling view in outdoor areas to a fully 3D polygonal
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1180:
1118:
3984:"Video Game Timeline: The Golden Age of Arcades (1980-1983)"
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Q&A: Capcom's Kujawa On Revisiting Classics, Bullet Hell
2008:
available on the service. The PC has also seen its share of
1076:
4004:"Arcade Archives: Sasuke vs. Commander for Nintendo Switch"
1505:
1261:
1134:
812:
553:
497:" which may afford the character's greater protection, an "
1245:, shoot 'em ups became the dominant genre for much of the
405:(1962). The shoot 'em up genre was established by the hit
58:
4846:, GameSpot, November 23, 2005. Accessed February 13, 2009
4105:. No. 30 (March 1986). 26 February 1986. p. 13.
3920:, GameSpot, November 17, 2004. Accessed February 13, 2009
3644:, GameSpot, December 20, 2005. Accessed February 17, 2009
3533:,'GameSpot, November 19, 1998. Accessed February 17, 2009
2478:
2156:
1995:
1703:
1595:
1533:
1428:
went on to influence several later rail shooters. Sega's
1299:
3900:, GameSpot, February 7, 2009. Accessed February 13, 2009
3485:
1945:, which is considered one of the important games in the
1893:
main creator Tsuneki Ikeda) who released 1995's seminal
1622:(1986), which further popularized run and gun shooters.
1283:(1979) was a hit multi-directional shooter, taking from
870:(1981) allows the player to move left or right at will.
5534:
4666:, GameSpot, October 1, 2002. Accessed February 17, 2009
3180:"Space Invaders – 30th Anniversary Developer Interview"
624:
feature craft flying through an abstract tube, such as
4214:, 1UP.com, January 1, 2000. Accessed February 17, 2009
3677:
A Brief History Of Video Games: From Atari to Xbox One
3453:
3353:
3102:"Ten Things Everyone Should Know About Space Invaders"
1582:, was a run and gun game that was distinctive for its
4646:, GameSpot, June 20, 2007. Accessed February 17, 2009
4243:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier",
3774:"The Origin of The 'Shmup' Genre: A Historical Study"
2169:
2167:
2165:
1231:
Golden age and refinement (late 1970s to early 1980s)
1121:. Mechanical target shooting games first appeared in
1015:
is commonly credited with originating the style with
4686:, IGN, December 20, 2006. Accessed February 17, 2009
4293:"JJ: Tobidase Daisakusen Part II [Japanese]"
4191:, IGN, September 5, 2008. Accessed February 17, 2009
3950:
Wolf, Mark J. P.; Perron, Bernard (3 January 2014).
3940:, IGN, February 17, 2004. Accessed February 13, 2009
3869:"Hardcore Gaming 101: Pocky and Rocky / KiKi KaiKai"
3817:, GameSpot, June 7, 2006. Accessed February 12, 2009
3046:"The Next Generation 1996 Lexicon A to Z: Shooter".
2830:, Gamasutra, April 22, 2008. Accessed March 2, 2009.
2363:
2042:
1702:, a side-scrolling coin-op arcade game, and later a
1518:
Run and gun and rail shooters (1980s to early 1990s)
4760:, IGN, January 26, 2009, Accessed February 13, 2009
4706:, IGN, January 22, 2008. Accessed February 17, 2009
4226:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier"
2384:
1799:
Bullet hell and niche appeal (mid-1990s to present)
1643:prerequisites for a shoot 'em up, as opposed to an
3837:, IGN, October 1, 2008. Accessed February 13, 2009
3674:Stanton, Rich (2015). "11. The Rise of Nintendo".
3291:
3058:The first shooter is generally acknowledged to be
2901:
2899:
2162:
4588:Bey, Thomas; Bailey, William (February 7, 2013).
3857:, Hardcore Gaming 101. Accessed February 02, 2010
3202:Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2015 Ebook
3072:
3070:
2653:, Hardcore Gaming 101. Accessed February 02, 2010
2399:
793:and scroll up (or occasionally down) the screen.
5999:
4740:, IGN, April 7, 2008. Accessed February 13, 2009
4153:, IGN, July 25, 2005. Accessed February 19, 2009
3036:, GameSpot, June 7, 2006. Accessed June 16, 2008
2795:"The YS Complete Guide To Shoot-'em-ups Part II"
2751:, GameSpot, July 7, 2007. Accessed June 17, 2008
2307:, GameSpot, July 7, 2007. Accessed June 17, 2008
1871:to fit between the narrow gaps in enemy fire.
388:The genre's roots can be traced back to earlier
4590:"The Danmaku Game as a New Optical Art, Part I"
3730:, IGN, October 22, 2007. Accessed June 17, 2008
3464:. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 101-4.
3293:"Record Breaking Games: Shooting Games Roundup"
3095:
3093:
2896:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2316:
960:
4822:
4820:
4375:"Curtains for You: The History of Bullet Hell"
3154:"スペースインベーダー・今明かす開発秘話――開発者・西角友宏氏、タイトー・和田洋一社長対談"
3067:
2860:"Curtains for You: The History of Bullet Hell"
2117:"Final Form On Jamestown's Origins, Mechanics"
1863:
954:
4921:
4751:The Best Games That Never Came out in Britain
4452:
4399:Bullet hell - Glitchwave video games database
4199:
4197:
3992:. No. 102. January 1998. pp. 122–8.
3956:The Routledge Companion to Video Game Studies
3800:
3798:
3431:, IGN, April 21, 2003. Accessed June 17, 2008
3289:
3230:Geddes, Ryan; Hatfield, Daemon (2007-12-10).
3162:(in Japanese). March 21, 2008. Archived from
3087:, IGN, March 31, 2003. Accessed June 14, 2008
2908:The Routledge Companion to Video Game Studies
2844:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2507:"A Guide To iOS Twin Stick Shooter Usability"
1843:Japanese players at a shoot 'em up arcade in
347:
4223:
4118:"Rolling Thunder: Namco's Hidden Arcade Gem"
3434:
3090:
2613:, April 19, 2007. Accessed February 17, 2009
2352:
2203:
2201:
1166:Emergence of shoot 'em up genre (late 1970s)
4857:"State of the Shoot ëEm Up - Edge Magazine"
4817:
4768:
4766:
4534:
4508:
4058:
4056:
3721:The Games of Atari Classics Evolved: Part 2
3700:Radar Scope owed much to the popularity of
3541:
3539:
3298:Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008
3199:Records, Guinness World (6 November 2014).
2983:
2981:
2979:
2957:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2734:
2110:
2108:
1207:and popularized the concept of achieving a
439:, often in visually impressive formations.
4928:
4914:
4717:"The 10 greatest mobile games of all time"
4482:
4194:
4156:
3949:
3795:
3589:
3491:
3262:"The Gamespy Hall of Fame: Space Invaders"
3253:
3142:. No. 3. Live Publishing. p. 35.
3010:
2833:
2804:
2708:. No. 42. September 2007. p. 52.
2504:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2082:
2080:
1616:-inspired run and gun gameplay to develop
1332:shoot 'em ups emerged in the early 1980s.
1312:to feature a supply of energy, similar to
965:, literally "barrage" or "bullet curtain")
758:first pioneering the subgenre, along with
354:
340:
4709:
4629:
4587:
4109:
3866:
3099:
2890:"7 Games to Play After Vampire Survivors"
2621:
2619:
2537:
2290:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2198:
1612:controls, which they later combined with
4763:
4560:
4053:
4029:
4027:
3771:
3536:
3459:
2987:
2976:
2963:
2934:
2905:
2778:
2662:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2231:"The Complete YS Guide to Shoot 'Em Ups"
2105:
1838:
1075:
935:
920:and may have multidirectional movement.
587:
465:. These games are usually viewed from a
4796:"Most prolific fan-made shooter series"
4427:
4372:
3673:
3604:
3595:
3283:
3259:
3198:
2857:
2775:, July 27, 2004. Accessed June 17, 2008
2580:"The 80s: The Golden Age of the Arcade"
2364:Rollings, Andrew; Ernest Adams (2006).
2131:
2114:
2077:
1608:tank shooter format with unique rotary
1604:, released later in 1985, combined the
1578:(1985), which released slightly before
916:(2017). Run and gun games may also use
14:
6000:
4561:Pulos, Alexis; Lee, S. Austin (2016).
4115:
4033:
3749:, Yahoo Games!. Accessed March 2, 2009
3555:, GameSpot. Accessed February 16, 2009
3322:
3223:
3146:
2704:"The Complete Guide... Shoot Em Ups".
2616:
2577:
2538:Yin-Poole, Wesley (December 9, 2013).
2471:
2405:
2240:
2210:
2086:
1739:shoot 'em up gameplay in 1982. Sega's
1021:(1994) and subsequent games including
301:List of freeware first-person shooters
4935:
4909:
4217:
4024:
3610:
3387:
3359:
3232:"IGN's Top 10 Most Influential Games"
3131:
2564:
2505:McAllister, Graham (March 30, 2011).
2472:Onyett, Charles (February 13, 2006).
2438:
2186:from the original on December 6, 2008
1160:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
779:
4066:[The Man Who Made "Ikari"].
3125:
2684:"Fantasy Zone – Hardcore Gaming 101"
2406:Parkin, Simon (September 21, 2006).
2173:
2021:Jamestown: Legend of the Lost Colony
1899:, and Takumi, who would develop the
1802:
1755:, a shooter that switched between a
602:are a thematic variant of involving
4837:Geometry Wars: Retro Evolved Review
4774:"Top 10 Tuesday: 2D Space Shooters"
4410:Games That Defined the Shmups Genre
2519:from the original on April 25, 2014
1039:(2017). Other examples include the
24:
4228:. Hardcore Gaming 101. p. 4.
4034:Derboo, Sam (September 12, 2017).
3772:McMillan, Luke (6 February 2013).
2988:Williams, Andrew (16 March 2017).
2935:Williams, Andrew (16 March 2017).
2681:
2552:from the original on March 5, 2014
2486:from the original on July 22, 2016
1101:, dating back to shooting gallery
1001:
456:
25:
6024:
4887:
4509:Retro Gamer (December 28, 2017).
3664:, IGN. Accessed February 17, 2009
3290:Craig Glenday, ed. (2008-03-11).
2640:, January 10, 2003; July 17, 2008
2420:from the original on July 3, 2009
1458:1985 saw the release of Konami's
992:genre is generally attributed to
5140:
4893:
4849:
4829:
4788:
4743:
4731:Fond Memories: Radiant Silvergun
4723:
4689:
4669:
4649:
4620:
4611:
4581:
4554:
4528:
4502:
4453:Carter, Chris (March 31, 2015).
3360:Grace, Lindsay (June 19, 2018).
2731:, October 1987 (issue 22), p. 38
2439:Provo, Frank (August 10, 2007).
2374:from the original on 2009-02-17.
2101:from the original on 2012-04-02.
2045:
1807:
1696:(1988). In 1987, Konami created
1690:to the formula, and Data East's
1247:golden age of arcade video games
1237:Golden age of arcade video games
805:Isometrically scrolling shooters
461:Shoot 'em ups are a subgenre of
396:of the mid-20th-century and the
57:
4873:
4806:from the original on 2013-04-24
4780:. March 6, 2007. Archived from
4600:from the original on 2018-01-26
4543:from the original on 2018-01-19
4517:from the original on 2018-01-19
4491:from the original on 2018-01-19
4483:Cohen, Uri (October 22, 2007).
4476:
4465:from the original on 2016-05-21
4446:
4421:
4403:
4392:
4381:from the original on 2018-10-09
4366:
4349:
4317:
4285:
4253:
4232:from the original on 2011-01-13
4174:
4137:
4089:
4076:
3996:
3976:
3943:
3923:
3903:
3890:
3860:
3840:
3820:
3807:
3765:
3752:
3733:
3713:
3667:
3647:
3634:
3623:from the original on 2005-03-26
3580:
3558:
3516:
3414:
3402:from the original on 2002-06-22
3381:
3342:from the original on 2012-10-18
3272:from the original on 2008-04-08
3192:
3114:from the original on 2009-02-26
3039:
3019:
2928:
2882:
2851:
2813:
2754:
2721:
2712:
2697:
2675:
2656:
2643:
2592:
2588:. No. 127. pp. 28–31.
2531:
2498:
2465:
2432:
2378:
2341:from the original on 2012-11-14
2115:Carless, Simon (5 April 2011).
1795:, where the joystick vibrates.
1626:also drew inspiration from the
898:, such as the ability to jump:
798:Horizontally scrolling shooters
688:(2000). Rail shooters that use
286:List of fighting game companies
4535:Rojas, Fred (March 12, 2012).
4511:"Ultimate Guide: Flying Shark"
4373:Davison, Pete (June 8, 2013).
4116:Lambie, Ryan (15 March 2019).
3655:Top 10 Tuesday: Game Designers
3330:"Essential 50: Space Invaders"
2310:
2237:, July, 1990 (issue 55), p. 33
2087:Davies, Jonti (30 July 2008).
1735:demonstrated the potential of
1672:in North America, adapted the
1410:(1980), borrowed heavily from
923:
13:
1:
3495:How to Master the Video Games
2858:Davison, Pete (8 June 2013).
2801:August 1990 (issue 56), p. 19
2159:, April 8, 2008, May 26, 2009
2071:
1907:had been more difficult than
1708:popularity of 16-bit consoles
1436:isometric video game graphics
1396:Some games experimented with
1105:in the late 19th century and
786:Vertically scrolling shooters
442:
306:List of third-person shooters
296:List of first-person shooters
4432:. Springer. pp. 17–42.
3740:Terminator 3: The Redemption
2727:Smith, Rachael, "Sidewize",
2146:Top 10 Classic Shoot 'Em Ups
2066:Space flight simulation game
2001:Geometry Wars: Retro Evolved
1775:, and the following year by
1562:format later popularized by
1089:with shooting and spacecraft
392:, including target shooting
7:
4677:Metal Slug Anthology Review
4182:Space Harrier Retrospective
4082:Segre, Nicole, "Commando,"
3462:How to Beat the Video Games
2578:Thorpe, Nick (March 2014).
2367:Fundamentals of Game Design
2038:
1732:Buck Rogers: Planet of Zoom
961:
610:. Following the success of
595:, a side-view space shooter
276:List of battle royale games
241:First-person shooter engine
10:
6029:
5138:
4883:, (Kodansha International)
4859:. Next-gen.biz. 2008-11-17
4537:"DoDonPachi Series (Cave)"
4072:(in Japanese). March 2001.
3952:"On the Origin of Species"
3828:Fantasy Zone Retrospective
3460:Blanchet, Michael (1982).
3056:. March 1996. p. 40.
3027:Gaming pioneer passes away
2174:Beck, Ian (May 19, 2006).
2089:"The Shooting Never Stops"
1850:
1632:Rambo: First Blood Part II
1400:perspectives at the time.
1385:(1982) as well as Atari's
1234:
1149:Brian Ashcraft argues the
1071:
1066:
945:(2015), a bullet hell game
929:
29:
5955:
5871:
5835:
5797:
5691:
5684:
5609:
5525:
5500:
5450:
5415:
5387:
5349:
5340:
5278:
5248:
5218:
5175:
5149:
5076:
5053:
4988:
4965:
4956:
4948:List of video game genres
4943:
4362:Killer List of Videogames
3989:Electronic Gaming Monthly
3815:Gradius Collection Review
3758:Leo, Jonathan, "Rez HD",
3611:Cuciz, David (May 2001).
2762:First Look: Alien Hominid
2388:Electronic Gaming Monthly
1952:Treasure's shoot 'em up,
1864:
1816:This article needs to be
1785:. That same year, Sega's
1781:which used the SegaScope
1404:'s attempt at the genre,
1241:Following the success of
1223:" paradigm, according to
955:
561:Multidirectional shooters
5240:Digital collectible card
4879:Ashcraft, Brian, (2008)
4567:. Springer. p. 20.
4524:– via PressReader.
4455:"The joy of bullet hell"
4086:February 1986 (issue 47)
3898:R-Type Dimensions Review
3682:Little, Brown Book Group
3613:"Hall of Fame: Defender"
3492:Hirschfeld, Tom (1981).
3449:(1): 10. September 1982.
2964:Ashcraft, Brian (2008),
2663:Ashcraft, Brian (2008).
2317:Mark J. P. Wolf (2008).
1294:format evolved into the
1131:electro-mechanical games
789:present the action from
673:Star Wars: Rebel Assault
504:
394:electro-mechanical games
321:List of maze video games
5325:Roguelike deck-building
5233:Roguelike deck-building
3132:Staff (15 April 2004).
2996:. pp. 24–5, 73–6.
1972:were later released on
1947:history of mobile games
1590:protagonist who throws
823:isometric point of view
316:List of light gun games
27:Subgenre of action game
4800:Guinness World Records
4539:. Gaming History 101.
3302:Guinness World Records
3207:Guinness World Records
3134:"Nishikado-San Speaks"
2970:Kodansha International
2669:Kodansha International
1984:Guinness World Records
1848:
1558:(1982) introduced the
1302:'s debut shoot 'em up
1090:
1048:Space Invaders Extreme
946:
596:
326:List of platform games
311:List of survival games
291:List of fighting games
5567:Tactical role-playing
5332:Tactical role-playing
4097:"Konami's Barmy Army"
3642:Robotron: 2084 Review
3388:Hague, James (1997).
3304:. Guinness. pp.
1842:
1645:action-adventure game
1214:With these elements,
1196:The War of the Worlds
1147:Video game journalist
1079:
939:
864:(1997). In contrast,
731:The House of the Dead
591:
471:side-view perspective
5947:Vertically scrolling
4902:at Wikimedia Commons
4637:Contra conquering DS
3367:Smithsonian Magazine
2914:. pp. 251–258.
2912:Taylor & Francis
2819:Sheffield, Brandon,
2408:"Gradius Collection"
2026:Xenoslaive Overdrive
1686:(1986), which added
1538:Sasuke vs. Commander
1532:, released in 1979.
1482:. The game borrowed
1340:Williams Electronics
1151:early mainframe game
1087:early mainframe game
998:, released in 2022.
918:isometric viewpoints
398:early mainframe game
281:List of beat 'em ups
5577:Turn-based strategy
5482:Submarine simulator
5288:Action role-playing
5195:Interactive fiction
4626:Ashcraft, pp. 77-78
4617:Ashcraft, pp. 78-80
4325:"Space Harrier 3-D"
4249:, no. 67, 2009
4205:Space Harrier (PS2)
4144:IGN's Top 100 Games
4040:Hardcore Gaming 101
3873:Hardcore Gaming 101
3762:, March 2008, p. 47
3686:Hachette Book Group
3511:with just one hand.
2627:Panzer Dragoon Orta
2625:Goldstein, Hilary,
2278:Game Genres: Shmups
2012:shoot 'em ups like
1936:Panzer Dragoon Orta
1783:3-D shutter glasses
1544:against a horde of
1298:shooter sub-genre.
1133:(EM games) such as
989:reverse bullet hell
593:Project Starfighter
577:twin-stick shooters
45:Part of a series on
5978:Video game modding
5920:Nonlinear gameplay
5582:Turn-based tactics
5550:Real-time strategy
4842:2009-01-30 at the
4756:2009-01-30 at the
4736:2011-07-13 at the
4719:. 4 November 2010.
4702:2011-07-13 at the
4682:2009-02-14 at the
4662:2011-09-20 at the
4642:2011-09-19 at the
4415:2018-01-19 at the
4224:John Szczepaniak.
4210:2004-11-30 at the
4187:2011-07-13 at the
4149:2010-03-12 at the
4012:. 13 February 2020
3936:2009-07-24 at the
3916:2011-09-20 at the
3853:2010-01-16 at the
3833:2011-07-13 at the
3745:2011-07-16 at the
3726:2007-10-29 at the
3660:2012-02-14 at the
3570:2006-06-17 at the
3551:2012-05-14 at the
3546:The History of SNK
3529:2011-09-20 at the
3427:2011-07-13 at the
3083:2008-12-08 at the
3032:2008-12-12 at the
2826:2008-06-23 at the
2767:2008-12-24 at the
2747:2008-12-12 at the
2632:2009-03-07 at the
2605:2009-08-05 at the
2515:. Think Services.
2303:2008-12-12 at the
2284:2013-06-17 at the
2151:2012-02-16 at the
2053:Video games portal
1849:
1560:vertical scrolling
1434:(1981) introduced
1296:vertical scrolling
1177:Tomohiro Nishikado
1091:
947:
809:isometric shooters
780:Scrolling shooters
737:Elemental Gearbolt
695:light gun shooters
685:Sin and Punishment
616:space combat games
597:
30:For the film, see
6013:Video game genres
5995:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5983:Video game remake
5891:Emergent gameplay
5562:Real-time tactics
5521:
5520:
5460:Flight simulation
5190:Graphic adventure
5136:
5135:
4937:Video game genres
4898:Media related to
4835:Gouskos, Carrie,
4439:978-3-319-43816-0
4261:"3-D WorldRunner"
3969:978-1-136-29050-3
3640:Gerstmann, Jeff,
3315:978-1-904994-21-3
3216:978-1-908843-71-5
3166:on March 23, 2008
3003:978-1-317-50381-1
2950:978-1-317-50381-1
2870:on 9 October 2018
2548:. Gamer Network.
2370:. Prentice Hall.
2334:978-0-313-33868-7
1966:Radiant Silvergun
1955:Radiant Silvergun
1837:
1836:
1778:Space Harrier 3-D
1668:(1985), known as
1647:. The success of
1127:amusement arcades
1054:Super Stardust HD
995:Vampire Survivors
483:video game genres
364:
363:
16:(Redirected from
6020:
5973:Video game clone
5689:
5688:
5685:Related concepts
5492:Vehicular combat
5347:
5346:
5220:Digital tabletop
5200:Interactive film
5160:Grand Theft Auto
5151:Action-adventure
5144:
5101:Platform fighter
4980:Platform fighter
4963:
4962:
4930:
4923:
4916:
4907:
4906:
4897:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4853:
4847:
4833:
4827:
4824:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4770:
4761:
4749:McCarthy, Dave,
4747:
4741:
4729:Buchanan, Levi,
4727:
4721:
4720:
4713:
4707:
4697:Rez HD is Coming
4693:
4687:
4673:
4667:
4653:
4647:
4633:
4627:
4624:
4618:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4532:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4425:
4419:
4407:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4370:
4364:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4333:. Archived from
4321:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4301:. Archived from
4289:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4269:. Archived from
4257:
4251:
4250:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4221:
4215:
4201:
4192:
4180:Buchanan, Levi,
4178:
4172:
4171:
4160:
4154:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4093:
4087:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4060:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4036:"Ninja Princess"
4031:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3947:
3941:
3929:Buchanan, Levi,
3927:
3921:
3907:
3901:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3875:. Archived from
3864:
3858:
3844:
3838:
3824:
3818:
3811:
3805:
3802:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3769:
3763:
3760:GameAxis Unwired
3756:
3750:
3737:
3731:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3671:
3665:
3651:
3645:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3578:
3562:
3556:
3543:
3534:
3524:Asteroids Review
3520:
3514:
3513:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3441:"Arcade Games".
3438:
3432:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3398:. Dadgum Games.
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3295:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3238:. Archived from
3227:
3221:
3220:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3119:
3097:
3088:
3076:Buchanan, Levi,
3074:
3065:
3064:
3043:
3037:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2985:
2974:
2973:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2892:. 5 August 2022.
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2866:. Archived from
2855:
2849:
2846:
2831:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2802:
2791:
2776:
2760:Dunham, Jeremy,
2758:
2752:
2738:
2732:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2660:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2623:
2614:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2575:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2449:. Archived from
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2361:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2314:
2308:
2294:
2288:
2275:
2238:
2227:
2208:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2180:Inside Mac Games
2171:
2160:
2144:Buchanan, Levi,
2142:
2129:
2128:
2123:. Archived from
2112:
2103:
2102:
2084:
2055:
2050:
2049:
2048:
1974:Xbox Live Arcade
1869:
1867:
1866:
1845:Akihabara, Tokyo
1832:
1829:
1823:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1470:spawned a series
1338:, introduced by
966:
964:
958:
957:
707:Lethal Enforcers
644:player character
356:
349:
342:
251:Quick time event
231:Capture the flag
110:Platform fighter
76:Action-adventure
61:
42:
41:
21:
6028:
6027:
6023:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6017:
5998:
5997:
5996:
5987:
5951:
5942:Twitch gameplay
5867:
5831:
5793:
5680:
5632:Survival horror
5605:
5555:Time management
5517:
5496:
5487:Train simulator
5446:
5411:
5383:
5336:
5274:
5244:
5214:
5171:
5145:
5132:
5072:
5068:Survival horror
5049:
4984:
4952:
4939:
4934:
4890:
4876:
4871:
4862:
4860:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4844:Wayback Machine
4834:
4830:
4826:Ashcraft, p. 88
4825:
4818:
4809:
4807:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4772:
4771:
4764:
4758:Wayback Machine
4748:
4744:
4738:Wayback Machine
4728:
4724:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4704:Wayback Machine
4695:Brudwig, Erik,
4694:
4690:
4684:Wayback Machine
4674:
4670:
4664:Wayback Machine
4654:
4650:
4644:Wayback Machine
4634:
4630:
4625:
4621:
4616:
4612:
4603:
4601:
4586:
4582:
4575:
4559:
4555:
4546:
4544:
4533:
4529:
4520:
4518:
4507:
4503:
4494:
4492:
4485:"Grind Stormer"
4481:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4451:
4447:
4440:
4426:
4422:
4417:Wayback Machine
4408:
4404:
4397:
4393:
4384:
4382:
4371:
4367:
4354:
4350:
4340:
4338:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4308:
4306:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4276:
4274:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4242:
4241:Reprinted from
4235:
4233:
4222:
4218:
4212:Wayback Machine
4203:Maragos, Nich,
4202:
4195:
4189:Wayback Machine
4179:
4175:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4151:Wayback Machine
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4114:
4110:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4081:
4077:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4044:
4042:
4032:
4025:
4015:
4013:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3970:
3962:. p. 267.
3948:
3944:
3938:Wayback Machine
3928:
3924:
3918:Wayback Machine
3909:Navarro, ALex,
3908:
3904:
3895:
3891:
3882:
3880:
3867:Morales, Emil.
3865:
3861:
3855:Wayback Machine
3845:
3841:
3835:Wayback Machine
3825:
3821:
3813:Kasavin, Greg,
3812:
3808:
3804:Ashcraft, p. 76
3803:
3796:
3786:
3784:
3770:
3766:
3757:
3753:
3747:Wayback Machine
3738:
3734:
3728:Wayback Machine
3718:
3714:
3696:
3672:
3668:
3662:Wayback Machine
3652:
3648:
3639:
3635:
3626:
3624:
3609:
3605:
3594:
3590:
3586:Ashcraft, p. 75
3585:
3581:
3572:Wayback Machine
3563:
3559:
3553:Wayback Machine
3544:
3537:
3531:Wayback Machine
3522:Mielke, James,
3521:
3517:
3506:
3490:
3486:
3474:. p. 101:
3472:
3458:
3454:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3429:Wayback Machine
3420:Buchanan, Levi.
3419:
3415:
3405:
3403:
3390:"Eugene Jarvis"
3386:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3358:
3354:
3345:
3343:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3316:
3288:
3284:
3275:
3273:
3258:
3254:
3245:
3243:
3228:
3224:
3217:
3197:
3193:
3178:
3169:
3167:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3130:
3126:
3117:
3115:
3100:Edwards, Benj.
3098:
3091:
3085:Wayback Machine
3075:
3068:
3052:. No. 15.
3049:Next Generation
3045:
3044:
3040:
3034:Wayback Machine
3024:
3020:
3016:Ashcraft, p. 72
3015:
3011:
3004:
2986:
2977:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2904:
2897:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2873:
2871:
2856:
2852:
2848:Ashcraft, p. 77
2847:
2834:
2828:Wayback Machine
2818:
2814:
2810:Ashcraft, p. 66
2809:
2805:
2792:
2779:
2769:Wayback Machine
2759:
2755:
2749:Wayback Machine
2739:
2735:
2726:
2722:
2718:Ashcraft, p. 82
2717:
2713:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2688:
2686:
2680:
2676:
2661:
2657:
2651:"Space Harrier"
2648:
2644:
2634:Wayback Machine
2624:
2617:
2607:Wayback Machine
2598:Reed, Kristan,
2597:
2593:
2576:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2536:
2532:
2522:
2520:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2474:"Crystal Quest"
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2404:
2400:
2391:. No. 99.
2383:
2379:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2342:
2335:
2327:. p. 272.
2315:
2311:
2305:Wayback Machine
2295:
2291:
2286:Wayback Machine
2276:
2241:
2228:
2211:
2207:Ashcraft, p. 70
2206:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2172:
2163:
2153:Wayback Machine
2143:
2132:
2113:
2106:
2085:
2078:
2074:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2041:
1861:
1855:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1812:
1808:
1801:
1766:3-D WorldRunner
1688:cover mechanics
1683:Rolling Thunder
1520:
1239:
1233:
1168:
1137:'s influential
1097:existed before
1093:The concept of
1074:
1069:
1004:
1002:Trance shooters
952:
934:
926:
821:(1982), use an
782:
655:Captain Skyhawk
507:
459:
457:Common elements
445:
369:(also known as
360:
331:
330:
271:
261:
260:
226:
218:
217:
71:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6026:
6016:
6015:
6010:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5959:
5957:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5937:Side-scrolling
5934:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5917:
5912:
5905:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5875:
5873:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5864:
5863:
5858:
5845:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5789:
5784:
5782:Climate change
5779:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5740:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5686:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5641:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5624:
5619:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5599:Grand strategy
5591:
5590:
5589:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5531:
5529:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5510:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5456:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5442:
5437:
5427:
5421:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5355:
5353:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5317:
5315:Monster-taming
5312:
5307:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5293:Looter shooter
5284:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5260:
5254:
5252:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5224:
5222:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5181:
5179:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5155:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5089:Hack and slash
5080:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5059:
5057:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4994:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4975:Endless runner
4971:
4969:
4960:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4933:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4910:
4904:
4903:
4889:
4888:External links
4886:
4885:
4884:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4848:
4828:
4816:
4787:
4784:on 2009-09-03.
4762:
4742:
4722:
4708:
4688:
4668:
4657:Contra Q&A
4648:
4635:Magrino, Tom,
4628:
4619:
4610:
4580:
4573:
4553:
4527:
4501:
4475:
4445:
4438:
4420:
4402:
4391:
4365:
4348:
4316:
4284:
4252:
4216:
4193:
4173:
4164:"Top Ten Hits"
4155:
4136:
4108:
4102:Commodore User
4088:
4084:Sinclair User,
4075:
4052:
4023:
3995:
3975:
3968:
3942:
3922:
3902:
3889:
3859:
3846:Kalata, Kurt,
3839:
3826:Fahs, Travis,
3819:
3806:
3794:
3778:Game Developer
3764:
3751:
3732:
3719:Roper, Chris,
3712:
3702:Space Invaders
3694:
3666:
3646:
3633:
3603:
3588:
3579:
3557:
3535:
3515:
3508:. p. 30:
3504:
3484:
3470:
3452:
3433:
3413:
3380:
3352:
3321:
3314:
3282:
3252:
3222:
3215:
3209:. p. 68.
3191:
3189:
3188:
3145:
3124:
3089:
3078:Space Invaders
3066:
3060:Space Invaders
3038:
3025:Surette, Tim,
3018:
3009:
3002:
2975:
2956:
2949:
2943:. p. 10.
2927:
2920:
2895:
2881:
2850:
2832:
2812:
2803:
2799:Your Sinclair,
2793:Bielby, Matt,
2777:
2753:
2740:Provo, Frank,
2733:
2720:
2711:
2696:
2682:Kalata, Kurt.
2674:
2671:. p. 147.
2655:
2649:Kalata, Kurt,
2642:
2615:
2591:
2563:
2530:
2497:
2464:
2431:
2398:
2377:
2351:
2333:
2309:
2296:Provo, Frank,
2289:
2239:
2229:Bielby, Matt,
2209:
2197:
2161:
2130:
2127:on 2011-09-08.
2121:Game Set Watch
2104:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2040:
2037:
2015:Crimzon Clover
1979:Touhou Project
1909:Space Invaders
1851:Main article:
1835:
1834:
1815:
1813:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1793:force feedback
1747:Arsys Software
1713:Gunstar Heroes
1678:side-scrolling
1653:Ikari Warriors
1641:Schwarzenegger
1624:Ikari Warriors
1619:Ikari Warriors
1575:Ninja Princess
1519:
1516:
1453:Julian Rignall
1438:to the genre.
1412:Space Invaders
1391:Robotron: 2084
1382:Robotron: 2084
1356:, released by
1330:Side-scrolling
1292:Space Invaders
1267:Space Invaders
1243:Space Invaders
1232:
1229:
1216:Space Invaders
1201:Space Invaders
1172:Space Invaders
1167:
1164:
1103:carnival games
1095:shooting games
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1003:
1000:
977:Touhou Project
942:Nuclear Throne
930:Main article:
925:
922:
896:platform games
891:Ikari Warriors
781:
778:
701:Operation Wolf
679:Panzer Dragoon
612:Space Invaders
600:Space shooters
582:Robotron: 2084
518:Space Invaders
513:Fixed shooters
506:
503:
458:
455:
444:
441:
411:Space Invaders
390:shooting games
362:
361:
359:
358:
351:
344:
336:
333:
332:
329:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
267:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
227:
224:
223:
220:
219:
216:
215:
210:
205:
200:
199:
198:
188:
187:
186:
181:
171:
170:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
129:
124:
119:
114:
113:
112:
107:
106:
105:
103:Hack and slash
90:
85:
84:
83:
72:
67:
66:
63:
62:
54:
53:
47:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6025:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6008:Shoot 'em ups
6006:
6005:
6003:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5834:
5828:
5827:Single-player
5825:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5796:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5751:
5750:
5746:
5745:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5706:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5683:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5608:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5572:Tower defense
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5514:
5513:Immersive sim
5511:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5499:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5402:City-building
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5333:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5305:Dungeon crawl
5303:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5270:Tile-matching
5268:
5266:
5265:
5261:
5259:
5258:Hidden object
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5241:
5238:
5234:
5231:
5230:
5229:
5228:Deck-building
5226:
5225:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5174:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5152:
5148:
5143:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5063:Battle royale
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4938:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4919:
4917:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4901:
4900:Shoot 'em ups
4896:
4892:
4891:
4882:
4878:
4877:
4858:
4852:
4845:
4841:
4838:
4832:
4823:
4821:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4791:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4767:
4759:
4755:
4752:
4746:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4726:
4718:
4712:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4692:
4685:
4681:
4678:
4675:Bozon, Mark,
4672:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4652:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4632:
4623:
4614:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4584:
4576:
4574:9783319438177
4570:
4566:
4565:
4557:
4542:
4538:
4531:
4516:
4512:
4505:
4490:
4486:
4479:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4435:
4431:
4424:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4406:
4400:
4395:
4380:
4376:
4369:
4363:
4359:
4358:
4357:Thunder Blade
4352:
4337:on 2014-11-14
4336:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4320:
4305:on 2014-11-15
4304:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4288:
4273:on 2014-11-14
4272:
4268:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4248:
4247:
4231:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4200:
4198:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4177:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4140:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4112:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4092:
4085:
4079:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4041:
4037:
4030:
4028:
4011:
4010:
4005:
3999:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3979:
3971:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3926:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3911:Raiden Review
3906:
3899:
3896:Todd, Brett,
3893:
3879:on 2012-12-27
3878:
3874:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3852:
3849:
3843:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3823:
3816:
3810:
3801:
3799:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3755:
3748:
3744:
3741:
3736:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3716:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3695:9781472118813
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3670:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3650:
3643:
3637:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3607:
3599:
3592:
3583:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3561:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3542:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3519:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3448:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:Galaxian Mini
3417:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3356:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3325:
3317:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3294:
3286:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3260:Kevin Bowen.
3256:
3242:on 2008-07-23
3241:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3218:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3195:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3128:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3096:
3094:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3073:
3071:
3063:
3061:
3055:
3054:Imagine Media
3051:
3050:
3042:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3022:
3013:
3005:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2972:, p. 145
2971:
2967:
2960:
2952:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2921:9781136290503
2917:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2900:
2891:
2885:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2854:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2816:
2807:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2757:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2730:
2729:Your Sinclair
2724:
2715:
2707:
2700:
2685:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2646:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2601:
2595:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2534:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2501:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2468:
2453:on 2008-12-12
2452:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2435:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2402:
2395:. p. 84.
2394:
2390:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2313:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2236:
2235:Your Sinclair
2232:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2204:
2202:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2176:"Jets'n'Guns"
2170:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2109:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2083:
2081:
2076:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2043:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1992:PlayStation 3
1989:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1860:
1854:
1846:
1841:
1831:
1819:
1814:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1788:Thunder Blade
1784:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1742:Space Harrier
1738:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1676:formula to a
1675:
1671:
1670:Rush'n Attack
1667:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1548:, along with
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1373:Eugene Jarvis
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1225:Eugene Jarvis
1222:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:target sports
1104:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1042:Geometry Wars
1038:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1024:Space Giraffe
1020:
1019:
1014:
1010:
999:
997:
996:
990:
986:
985:bullet heaven
981:
979:
978:
973:
972:
963:
951:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
921:
919:
915:
914:
909:
908:
903:
902:
897:
893:
892:
887:
886:
881:
880:
875:
871:
869:
868:
863:
862:
857:
856:
851:
850:
845:
844:
839:
838:
833:
832:
826:
824:
820:
819:
814:
810:
806:
802:
800:
799:
794:
792:
788:
787:
777:
775:
774:
769:
768:
763:
762:
757:
756:
751:
750:
745:
741:
739:
738:
733:
732:
727:
726:
721:
720:
715:
714:
709:
708:
703:
702:
697:
696:
691:
687:
686:
681:
680:
675:
674:
669:
668:
663:
662:
657:
656:
651:
650:
649:Space Harrier
645:
641:
640:Rail shooters
637:
635:
634:
629:
628:
623:
622:Tube shooters
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
594:
590:
586:
584:
583:
578:
574:
573:
568:
567:
562:
558:
556:
555:
550:
549:
544:
543:
538:
537:
532:
531:
526:
525:
520:
519:
514:
510:
502:
500:
496:
492:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
454:
451:
440:
438:
434:
429:
425:
424:
419:
418:
413:
412:
408:
404:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:Shoot 'em ups
357:
352:
350:
345:
343:
338:
337:
335:
334:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
270:
265:
264:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
222:
221:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
197:
194:
193:
192:
189:
185:
182:
180:
177:
176:
175:
172:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
95:
94:
91:
89:
88:Battle royale
86:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
73:
70:
65:
64:
60:
56:
55:
52:
49:
48:
44:
43:
40:
36:
34:
19:
18:Fixed shooter
5968:Toys-to-life
5908:
5901:
5853:
5798:Player modes
5762:Personalized
5747:
5736:
5704:
5610:Other genres
5540:Auto battler
5508:Falling-sand
5470:Lunar Lander
5280:Role-playing
5263:
5205:Visual novel
5167:Metroidvania
5159:
5113:
5045:Third-person
5018:Shoot 'em up
5017:
5003:First-person
4880:
4874:Bibliography
4861:. Retrieved
4851:
4831:
4808:. Retrieved
4790:
4782:the original
4777:
4745:
4725:
4711:
4691:
4671:
4651:
4631:
4622:
4613:
4602:. Retrieved
4593:
4583:
4563:
4556:
4545:. Retrieved
4530:
4519:. Retrieved
4504:
4493:. Retrieved
4478:
4467:. Retrieved
4458:
4448:
4429:
4423:
4405:
4394:
4383:. Retrieved
4377:. US Gamer.
4368:
4356:
4351:
4339:. Retrieved
4335:the original
4328:
4319:
4307:. Retrieved
4303:the original
4296:
4287:
4275:. Retrieved
4271:the original
4264:
4255:
4244:
4234:. Retrieved
4219:
4176:
4167:
4158:
4139:
4127:. Retrieved
4121:
4111:
4100:
4091:
4083:
4078:
4067:
4043:. Retrieved
4039:
4014:. Retrieved
4009:Nintendo.com
4007:
3998:
3987:
3978:
3955:
3945:
3925:
3905:
3892:
3881:. Retrieved
3877:the original
3872:
3862:
3848:Fantasy Zone
3842:
3822:
3809:
3787:26 September
3785:. Retrieved
3777:
3767:
3759:
3754:
3735:
3715:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3676:
3669:
3649:
3636:
3625:. Retrieved
3606:
3597:
3591:
3582:
3560:
3518:
3509:
3493:
3487:
3477:
3475:
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3436:
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3394:
3383:
3371:. Retrieved
3365:
3355:
3344:. Retrieved
3333:
3324:
3297:
3285:
3274:. Retrieved
3255:
3244:. Retrieved
3240:the original
3235:
3225:
3201:
3194:
3184:Shmuplations
3183:
3168:. Retrieved
3164:the original
3157:
3148:
3137:
3127:
3116:. Retrieved
3105:
3059:
3057:
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3021:
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2959:
2936:
2930:
2907:
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2868:the original
2863:
2853:
2815:
2806:
2798:
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2756:
2736:
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2723:
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2699:
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2677:
2664:
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2645:
2637:
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2554:. Retrieved
2543:
2533:
2521:. Retrieved
2510:
2500:
2488:. Retrieved
2477:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2451:the original
2444:
2441:"Galaga '90"
2434:
2424:February 14,
2422:. Retrieved
2411:
2401:
2386:
2380:
2366:
2343:. Retrieved
2319:
2312:
2292:
2234:
2188:. Retrieved
2125:the original
2120:
2092:
2030:
2025:
2019:
2013:
2006:casual games
1999:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1951:
1942:Space Impact
1941:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1873:
1868:, "barrage")
1858:
1856:
1825:
1817:
1786:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1761:third-person
1750:
1740:
1730:
1728:rail shooter
1722:
1711:
1697:
1691:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1658:
1652:
1648:
1630:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1605:
1599:
1594:and knives.
1588:female ninja
1586:setting and
1584:feudal Japan
1579:
1573:
1567:
1553:
1537:
1523:
1521:
1509:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1483:
1475:Fantasy Zone
1473:
1465:
1459:
1457:
1446:
1443:Commodore 64
1440:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1369:action games
1366:
1351:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1317:
1303:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1242:
1240:
1215:
1213:
1200:
1194:
1184:
1170:
1169:
1153:
1145:
1138:
1092:
1080:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1030:Gridrunner++
1028:
1022:
1018:Tempest 2000
1016:
1009:techno music
1005:
993:
988:
984:
982:
975:
969:
949:
948:
940:
927:
911:
905:
899:
889:
888:(1985), and
883:
877:
873:
872:
865:
859:
853:
847:
841:
835:
829:
827:
816:
808:
804:
803:
796:
795:
784:
783:
773:Harmful Park
771:
765:
759:
755:Fantasy Zone
753:
747:
744:Cute 'em ups
743:
742:
735:
729:
723:
717:
711:
705:
699:
693:
683:
682:(1995), and
677:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
639:
638:
631:
625:
621:
620:
611:
599:
598:
592:
580:
570:
564:
560:
559:
552:
546:
540:
534:
533:(1980), and
528:
522:
516:
512:
511:
508:
487:
460:
446:
421:
415:
409:
400:
387:
383:action games
374:
370:
366:
365:
236:Cover system
174:Shoot 'em up
173:
162:Third-person
147:First-person
81:Metroidvania
51:Action games
39:
33:Shoot 'Em Up
32:
5884:Hypercasual
5805:Multiplayer
5721:Educational
5671:Programming
5666:Photography
5639:Incremental
5435:Kart racing
5379:Virtual pet
5210:Walking sim
5185:Escape room
5084:Beat 'em up
5023:Bullet hell
4596:. Rhizome.
4594:rhizome.org
4487:. Sega-16.
4459:Destructoid
4246:Retro Gamer
4168:Video Games
4123:Den of Geek
3139:Retro Gamer
2742:Bloody Wolf
2706:Retro Gamer
2585:Retro Gamer
2298:Bloody Wolf
2061:Beat 'em up
1889:(formed by
1853:Bullet hell
1828:August 2017
1665:Green Beret
1628:action film
1550:boss fights
1495:KiKi KaiKai
1407:Radar Scope
1310:action game
1191:H. G. Wells
1179:of Japan's
1099:video games
1085:(1962), an
1013:Jeff Minter
950:Bullet hell
932:Bullet hell
924:Bullet hell
910:(1996) and
874:Run and gun
734:(1996) and
725:Time Crisis
719:Point Blank
692:are called
630:(1981) and
608:outer space
572:Mad Planets
569:(1979) and
551:(1980) and
539:(1981). In
479:boss battle
463:action game
437:projectiles
433:Bullet hell
407:arcade game
213:Vehicle sim
179:Bullet hell
98:Beat 'em up
6002:Categories
5925:Open world
5836:Production
5757:Nonviolent
5440:Sim racing
5407:Government
5342:Simulation
5033:Twin-stick
4967:Platformer
4863:2011-09-06
4810:2011-09-24
4604:2018-01-26
4547:2018-01-19
4521:2018-01-19
4495:2018-01-19
4469:2018-01-19
4385:2018-12-11
4341:2021-05-14
4309:2021-05-14
4277:2021-05-14
4236:2011-03-16
4064:"「怒」を作った男"
3883:2010-02-04
3627:2009-12-06
3600:(1): 8–29.
3505:0553201646
3471:0671453750
3346:2011-03-26
3276:2010-01-27
3246:2008-07-11
3159:The Nikkei
3118:2008-07-11
2393:Ziff Davis
2345:2011-04-10
2072:References
2028:, and the
1924:Metal Slug
1891:Batsugun's
1716:(1993) by
1606:Front Line
1555:Front Line
1552:. Taito's
1484:Defender's
1316:. Namco's
1314:hit points
1235:See also:
1219:difficult
1209:high score
907:Metal Slug
879:Front Line
811:, such as
713:Virtua Cop
698:, such as
690:light guns
604:spacecraft
499:extra life
443:Definition
184:Twin-stick
127:Action RPG
5711:Christian
5699:Advergame
5587:Artillery
5320:Roguelike
5298:Soulslike
5177:Adventure
5013:Light gun
3960:Routledge
3782:Gamasutra
3373:April 22,
2994:CRC Press
2941:CRC Press
2611:Eurogamer
2545:Eurogamer
2512:Gamasutra
2413:Eurogamer
1749:released
1725:pseudo-3D
1445:magazine
1398:pseudo-3D
1387:Asteroids
1344:scrolling
1305:Ozma Wars
1285:Spacewar!
1280:Asteroids
1155:Spacewar!
1140:Periscope
1082:Spacewar!
861:Einhänder
661:Starblade
566:Asteroids
548:Centipede
495:power-ups
450:scrolling
428:scrolling
417:Asteroids
402:Spacewar!
379:sub-genre
256:WASD keys
246:Free look
157:Light gun
137:Artillery
69:Subgenres
5963:Minigame
5915:Masocore
5861:Fan game
5731:Licensed
5656:Non-game
5527:Strategy
5397:Business
5096:Fighting
5055:Survival
5040:Tactical
4840:Archived
4804:Archived
4754:Archived
4734:Archived
4700:Archived
4680:Archived
4660:Archived
4640:Archived
4598:Archived
4541:Archived
4515:Archived
4489:Archived
4463:Archived
4413:Archived
4379:Archived
4230:Archived
4208:Archived
4185:Archived
4147:Archived
4129:11 April
4069:Continue
3934:Archived
3914:Archived
3851:Archived
3831:Archived
3743:Archived
3724:Archived
3706:Galaxian
3658:Archived
3621:Archived
3568:Archived
3549:Archived
3527:Archived
3443:Joystick
3425:Archived
3400:Archived
3340:Archived
3270:Archived
3112:Archived
3081:Archived
3030:Archived
2874:17 April
2864:US Gamer
2824:Archived
2765:Archived
2745:Archived
2630:Archived
2603:Archived
2556:March 5,
2550:Archived
2523:March 5,
2517:Archived
2490:June 17,
2484:Archived
2457:June 17,
2446:GameSpot
2418:Archived
2372:Archived
2339:Archived
2325:ABC-CLIO
2301:Archived
2282:Archived
2190:July 20,
2184:Archived
2149:Archived
2099:Archived
2039:See also
1988:Xbox 360
1901:GigaWing
1896:DonPachi
1882:Batsugun
1718:Treasure
1674:Commando
1649:Commando
1614:Commando
1610:joystick
1592:shuriken
1580:Commando
1569:Commando
1530:Nintendo
1416:Galaxian
1402:Nintendo
1389:(1979).
1377:Defender
1353:Scramble
1335:Defender
1271:Galaxian
1256:Galaxian
1186:Breakout
1109:such as
1045:series,
1036:Polybius
971:DonPachi
904:(1987),
885:Commando
882:(1982),
867:Defender
858:(1987),
852:(1987),
846:(1986),
840:(1982),
834:(1981),
831:Scramble
761:Parodius
728:(1995),
722:(1994),
716:(1994),
710:(1992),
704:(1987),
676:(1993),
670:(1993),
667:Star Fox
664:(1991),
658:(1990),
652:(1985),
585:(1982).
527:(1979),
524:Galaxian
521:(1978),
467:top-down
423:Galaxian
377:) are a
208:Survival
167:Tactical
117:Platform
93:Fighting
5930:Sandbox
5772:Serious
5705:Bishōjo
5622:Fitness
5594:Wargame
5452:Vehicle
5425:Fishing
5364:Farming
5264:Sokoban
5128:Stealth
5114:Pac-Man
4990:Shooter
4655:Staff,
4360:at the
4330:AllGame
4298:AllGame
4266:AllGame
4016:4 April
3653:Staff,
3617:GameSpy
3598:JoyStik
3335:1UP.com
3306:106–107
3266:GameSpy
3107:1UP.com
2689:8 March
2094:GameSpy
1970:Ikaruga
1961:Ikaruga
1913:Xevious
1905:Gradius
1877:Toaplan
1859:danmaku
1818:updated
1723:Sega's
1693:RoboCop
1601:TNK III
1542:samurai
1525:Sheriff
1489:TwinBee
1466:Gradius
1461:Gradius
1448:Zzap!64
1426:Tempest
1421:Tempest
1350:radar.
1348:minimap
1324:Xevious
1319:Xevious
1123:England
1115:bowling
1111:archery
1072:Origins
1067:History
1060:Resogun
962:danmaku
913:Cuphead
843:Gradius
837:Xevious
749:Twinbee
627:Tempest
530:Phoenix
491:inertia
203:Stealth
132:Shooter
5879:Casual
5872:Design
5854:Doujin
5767:Sci-fi
5743:Sexual
5716:Comedy
5692:Themes
5676:Typing
5649:Rhythm
5627:Horror
5465:Combat
5430:Racing
5417:Sports
5374:Social
5359:Dating
5310:MMORPG
5250:Puzzle
4958:Action
4571:
4436:
4045:6 June
3966:
3931:Raiden
3692:
3502:
3468:
3406:18 May
3312:
3213:
3000:
2947:
2918:
2600:Gyruss
2331:
2033:series
2031:eXceed
1976:. The
1918:Contra
1847:(2017)
1752:WiBArm
1699:Contra
1660:Konami
1564:Capcom
1546:ninjas
1511:Raiden
1501:R-Type
1480:mascot
1431:Zaxxon
1362:levels
1358:Konami
1057:, and
1033:, and
901:Contra
855:R-Type
849:Darius
818:Zaxxon
770:, and
767:Cotton
633:Gyruss
542:Pooyan
536:Galaga
475:avatar
371:shmups
225:Topics
196:Racing
191:Sports
122:Rhythm
35:(film)
5956:Other
5909:Kaizo
5902:Gacha
5848:Indie
5810:Co-op
5749:Eroge
5737:Otome
5726:Girls
5661:Party
5644:Music
5501:Other
5475:Space
5162:clone
5123:Snake
5116:clone
5077:Other
4998:Arena
3170:3 May
2010:dōjin
1637:Rambo
1275:Atari
1251:Namco
1221:level
1205:lives
1181:Taito
1119:darts
791:above
505:Types
269:Lists
142:Arena
5856:soft
5787:News
5617:Cozy
5545:MOBA
5351:Life
5108:Maze
5028:Rail
5008:Hero
4569:ISBN
4434:ISBN
4131:2021
4047:2021
4018:2021
3964:ISBN
3789:2021
3704:and
3690:ISBN
3500:ISBN
3478:Gorf
3466:ISBN
3408:2021
3375:2021
3310:ISBN
3211:ISBN
3172:2021
2998:ISBN
2945:ISBN
2916:ISBN
2876:2021
2691:2021
2558:2014
2525:2014
2492:2008
2459:2008
2426:2009
2329:ISBN
2192:2008
1994:and
1968:and
1933:and
1921:and
1887:Cave
1651:and
1506:Irem
1414:and
1379:and
1290:The
1269:and
1262:Gorf
1135:Sega
1117:and
974:and
813:Sega
752:and
554:Gorf
420:and
375:STGs
152:Hero
5896:FMV
5843:AAA
5820:PVP
5815:MMO
5777:Art
5389:CMS
5369:God
4778:IGN
4282:. .
3576:1UP
3236:IGN
2773:IGN
2638:IGN
2479:IGN
2157:IGN
1996:Wii
1930:Rez
1911:or
1879:'s
1704:NES
1662:'s
1639:or
1598:'s
1596:SNK
1566:'s
1536:'s
1534:SNK
1528:by
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1277:'s
1253:'s
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