31:
1324:
737:
857:
1261:
1107:
258:
239:
228:
217:
198:
187:
176:
116:
523:
1095:
the centre of their position. Tej Singh had left the battlefield early. It is alleged in many Sikh accounts that he deliberately weakened the pontoon bridge, casting loose the boat at its centre, or that he ordered his own artillery on the west bank to fire on the bridge on the pretext of preventing
British pursuit. British accounts claim that the bridge simply broke under the weight of the numbers of soldiers trying to retreat across it, having been weakened by the swollen river. Whichever account is correct, the bridge broke, trapping nearly 20,000 of the
958:
1312:
troops and artillery", reads the
Dispatch of the Governor General, sent to London on November 17, 1846. On September 22, 1847, through a βsanadβ, the British awarded his house at Haridwar to the Raja of Patiala. Ajit Singh was taken into custody and sent as a prisoner to the Allahabad fort. He contrived to escape, after killing his keeper, and after long wanderings in hills, is supposed to have died in Kashmir. His children, who held in joint tenure eight villages along with Bhadour sardars, were dispatched by the British to these villages.
625:
1316:
1189:
1125:
1036:
4146:
875:
574:
909:
323:
304:
293:
282:
271:
150:
4138:
978:
late on 21 December, Gough attacked in the few hours of daylight left. The well-served Sikh artillery caused heavy casualties among the
British, and their infantry fought desperately. On the other hand, the elite of the Sikh army, the irregular cavalry or ghodachadas (alt. gorracharra, horse-mounted), were comparatively ineffective against Gough's infantry and cavalry as they had been kept from the battlefield by Lal Singh.
617:'s ideal of the Sikh commonwealth had been revived, with the Sikhs as a whole assuming all executive, military and civil authority in the state, which British observers decried as a "dangerous military democracy". British representatives and visitors in the Punjab described the regiments as preserving "puritanical" order internally, but also as being in a perpetual state of mutiny or rebellion against the central
138:
129:
716:, are disputed. By most British accounts, their main concern was that the Sikh army, without strong leadership to restrain them, was a serious threat to British territories along the border. Sikh and Indian historians have countered that the military preparations made by these Governor-Generals were offensive in nature; for example, they prepared bridging trains (prefabricated bridges) and
1091:, the Political Agent at Gough's headquarters.) Nevertheless, Dick's division was driven back by Sikh counter-attacks after initially gaining footholds within the Sikh lines. Dick himself was killed. As the British fell back, some frenzied Sikh soldiers attacked British wounded left in the ditch in front of the entrenchments, enraging the British soldiers.
1076:
but as it lifted, 35 British heavy guns and howitzers opened fire. The Sikh cannon replied. The bombardment went on for two hours without much effect on the Sikh defences. Gough was told that his heavy guns were running short of ammunition and is alleged to have replied, "Thank God! Then I'll be at them with the bayonet."
1094:
The
British, Gurkhas and Bengal regiments renewed their attacks along the entire front of the entrenchment, and broke through at several points. On the vulnerable Sikh right, engineers blew a breach in the fortifications and British cavalry and horse artillery pushed through it to engage the Sikhs in
1343:
Sikh historians have always maintained that, in order to retain their hold on power and maintain the figurehead rule of Duleep Singh, Lal Singh and Tej Singh embarked on the war with the deliberate intent of breaking their own army. In particular, Lal Singh was corresponding with a
British political
948:
The battle of Mudki was fought on 18 December 1845. An army under Tej Singh crossed the Sutlej and advanced against the
British outpost at Ferozepur, although they did not attempt to attack or surround it. Another force under Lal Singh clashed with Gough's and Hardinge's advancing army at the Battle
1102:
None of the trapped Sikh soldiers attempted to surrender. Many detachments, including one led by Sham Singh
Attariwala, fought to the death. Some Sikhs rushed forward to attack the British regiments sword in hand; others tried to ford or swim the river. British horse artillery lined the bank of the
1075:
Gough had intended to attack the Sikh army in its entrenchments at
Sobraon as soon as Smith's division rejoined from Ludhiana, but Hardinge forced him to wait until a heavy artillery train had arrived. At last, he moved forward early on 10 February. The start of the battle was delayed by heavy fog,
899:
After Raja Gurdit Singh's death, his son Ajit Singh succeeded him. Ajit Singh upgraded his fort at Ladwa to face the danger of the
British. During the First Sikh war in 1845, he fought on the side of the Sikh army against the British. He was defeated. The Sikh defenders of Wudnee surrendered on 30
1003:
The battle of
Budhowal was fought on 21 January 1846. Ranjodh Singh Majithia was the son of Desa Singh Majithia, one of the most able ministers under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He commanded a large army, (10,000 infantry and some regular cavalry with sixty guns) and crossed the Sutlej in force and was
977:
After the battle of Mudki, Gough's army came in sight of the large Sikh entrenchment at Ferozeshah on 19 December. Gough wished to attack at once, but Hardinge used his position as Governor General to overrule him and order him to wait for the division from Ferozepur to arrive. When they appeared
806:
infantry units. In total the Khalsa army could count on approximately 153,000 regular and irregular soldiers. It was however led by Lal Singh who, with Tej Singh, betrayed the Sikhs during the course of the war. The two generals were regularly supplying information and even receiving instructions
885:
In response to the British move, the Sikh army began crossing the Sutlej on 11 December 1845. The Sikhs claimed they were only moving into Sikh possessions (specifically the village of Moran, whose ownership was disputed) on the east side of the river, but the move was regarded by the British as
1311:
The estate of Ladwa, belonging to Ajit Singh who had fought against the British at Buddowal and Aliwal, was confiscated in 1846. "The Raja of Ladwa, with an estate of 10,000 pounds a year, almost openly avowed his treason, and, after a time, went over to the enemy (the British Raj) with all his
1071:
The battle of Sobraon was fought on 10 February 1846. The Sikhs had been temporarily dismayed by their defeats and by their commanders' inaction, but rallied when fresh units and leaders, including Sham Singh Attariwala, joined them, and Maharani Jind Kaur exhorted 500 selected officers to make
981:
By nightfall, some of Gough's army had fought their way into the Sikh positions, but other units had been driven back in disorder. Hardinge expected a defeat on the following day and ordered the state papers at Mudki to be burned in this event. However, on the following morning, the British and
1056:
on the Sutlej, awaiting reinforcements. On 28 January, Smith advanced against them, cautiously at first. Finding a weak point in the Sikh position, he won a model victory which eliminated the Sikh bridgehead and captured almost all Ranjur Singh's artillery and his army's baggage and equipment.
819:
The British army in India at the time generally consisted of three types: the regular units of the British Army (sometimes referred to in India as "Queen's" troops), who were used as the shock formations of the military in India, which in combination with disease resulted in them being almost
824:
alone existed at the commencement of hostilities in addition to 8 light and lancer cavalry regiments and 18 Irregular cavalry regiments. The Sepoys were often used as garrisons and baggage train guards to leave the fighting to the European soldiers predominantly. In most infantry and cavalry
786:
There also existed the Jargirdar Fauj. This compoment of the Khalsa Army was the feudal army provided by the nobility of the state. It numbered 55,000. Gulab Singh's army in particular contained between 12,000 and 17,000 infantry and cavalry as well as 94 guns. Additionally, there were the
1334:
Maharaja Duleep Singh remained ruler of the Punjab and at first his mother, Maharani Jindan Kaur, remained as Regent. However, the Durbar later requested that the British presence remain until the Maharaja attained the age of 16. The British consented to this and on 16 December 1846, the
638:
Maharajah Sher Singh was unable to meet the pay demands of the army, although he reportedly lavished funds on a degenerate court. In September 1843 he was murdered by his cousin, an officer of the army, Ajit Singh Sindhanwalia. The Dogras took their revenge on those responsible, and
756:(Royal Army), which contained 3,176 infantry, 1,667 cavalry and 34 guns. The brigades of the Fauj-i-ain were modelled on that of the Khas and this force had grown from 35,000 in 1838 to 70,000 by 1845 with seven divisions being created in 1844/1845 from the existing troops.
985:
At this point, Tej Singh's army appeared. Once again, Gough's exhausted army faced defeat and disaster, but Tej Singh inexplicably withdrew, claiming that British cavalry and artillery which were withdrawing to replenish ammunition were actually making an outflanking move.
1339:
provided for the Maharani to be awarded a pension of 150,000 rupees and be replaced by a British resident in Lahore supported by a Council of Regency, with agents in other cities and regions. This effectively gave the East India Company control of the government.
916:
This battle was the last fought by the Raja of Ladwa (alt. spelt as "Ladva"), Ajit Singh. The fort was designed by Dewan Mohkam Chand, with the assistance of Ranjit Singh's French and Italian generals. It was constructed as a response to the British, who built
736:
1019:) continually attacked his rearguards. They captured most of Smith's baggage animals (mules, bullocks and elephants), and cut down any straggling troops. Nevertheless, Smith succeeded in reaching Ludhiana, with his troops exhausted. A brigade of troops from
810:
An alternative estimate of the troops is given by Singh who states it contained in 1845 on the eve of war 53,576 regular infantry 6,235 regular cavalry, 16,292 irregular cavalry and 10,698 gunners this not including the tens of thousands of Jargirdari Fauj.
537:
When shown the map of India, Maharaja Ranjit Singh said, "What does the red colour stand for?" The cartographer replied "Your Majesty, red marks the extent of British possessions." The Maharaja scanned the map with his single eye and saw nearly the whole of
608:
The army expanded rapidly in the aftermath of Ranjit Singh's death, from 29,000 (with 192 guns) in 1839 to over 80,000 in 1845 as landlords and their retainers took up arms. It proclaimed itself to be the embodiment of the Sikh nation. Its regimental
825:
brigades, there was usually one British unit to every three or four Bengal units. The artillery of the Bengal Army contained 3 brigades and 5 battalions. Most of the artillery which took part in the war consisted of light guns from the elite
820:
permanently understrength; the European troops raised by the East India Company, who represented a tiny proportion of the troops present; the native Indian troops (sepoys) who formed the vast majority. 74 battalions of Sepoys in the
1299:
and all the forts, territories, rights and interests in the hill countries situated between the Rivers Beas and Indus to the East India Company, as equivalent to ten million of rupees. In a later separate arrangement (the
832:
Despite an overwhelming superiority in overall numbers the British struggled to assemble an army above 40,000 for the campaign and even at the end of the war fewer than 25,000 soldiers were actively fighting.
771:
regiments. There was also 22,000 Fauj-i-sowar which consisted of irregular cavalry deemed unsuitable for fighting an organised enemy but well-suited for chasing a routed enemy and conducting guerilla warfare.
748:
had expanded from around 35,000 troops in the 1820s to over 100,000 by 1845. In 1822 Ranjit Singh decided to base his army on the French model and this process was complete by the time of his death in 1839.
667:, who presented a threat to Duleep Singh. For this, he was called to account by the army. Despite attempts to bribe the army he was butchered in September 1845 in the presence of Jind Kaur and Duleep Singh.
1344:
officer and betraying state and military secrets throughout the war. Lal Singh's and Tej Singh's desertion of their armies and refusal to attack when opportunity offered seem inexplicable otherwise.
1087:
made the main attack on the Sikh right, where the defences were of soft sand and were lower and weaker than the rest of the line. (It is believed that Lal Singh had supplied this information to Major
702:, to the south of the Punjab, in a move which many British people regarded as cynical and ignoble. This did not gain the British any respect in the Punjab and increased suspicions of British motives.
690:
Immediately after the death of Ranjit Singh, the British East India Company had begun increasing its military strength, particularly in the regions adjacent to the Punjab, establishing a military
1175:. Lawrence reached the fort on 3 May 1846. This was the only battle fought between the Sikh forces of Kangra and the British. The British controlled the valley after defeating them and the fort.
585:, was removed from power within a few months, and later died in prison under mysterious circumstances. It was widely believed that he was poisoned. He was replaced by his able but estranged son
5245:
1390:
542:
except the Punjab painted red. He turned to his courtiers and remarked: βEk roz sab lal ho jaigaβ one day it will all be red.' It was said that his prophecy was going to be fulfilled.
740:'Gruppe von Siekhs' (Group of Sikhs) in the English camp, near Kaffur as representative of the Lahore Durbar. Lithograph after an original sketch by Prince Waldemar of Prussia, 1846
534:
during the early years of the nineteenth century, about the same time as the British-controlled territories were advanced by conquest or annexation to the borders of the Punjab.
1103:
river and continued to fire into the crowds in the water. By the time the firing ceased, the Sikhs had lost between 8,000 and 10,000 men. The British had also captured 67 guns.
358:
5173:
1570:
1323:
867:
After mutual demands and accusations between the Sikh Durbar and the East India Company, diplomatic relations were broken. An East India Company army began marching towards
593:
while returning from his father's cremation. At the time, two major factions within the Punjab were contending for power and influence; the Sikh Sindhanwalias and the Hindu
30:
723:
Nevertheless, the unconcealed and seemingly aggressive British military build-up at the borders had the effect of increasing tension within the Punjab and the Sikh Army.
2069:
848:. Gough was an aggressive commander who was unwilling to await for reinforcements. This almost led to disaster despite the open treachery of the two Sikh generals.
3337:
460:
5399:
856:
440:
4180:
1015:, collecting a British regiment there, to reach Ludhiana ahead of the Sikh main body. On 21 January, as he left Baddowal, the Sikh irregular cavalry (the
6708:
925:. The fort's architecture has a distinct European character, with channels dug out along the boundary of the fort, watchtowers on the two gateways, four
1236:
387:
351:
1445:
1008:(afterwards Governor of Cape Colony), who was sent to relieve Ludhiana, marched eastwards from Ferozepur, keeping a few miles away from the Sutlej.
1351:
and the fall of the Mughal empire. Although the Sikh Army was weakened by the war, resentment at British interference in the government led to the
982:
Bengal Army units rallied and drove the Sikhs from the rest of their fortifications. Lal Singh had made no effort to rally or reorganise his army.
698:, only a few miles from the Sutlej River which marked the frontier between British-ruled India and the Punjab. In 1843, they conquered and annexed
1308:, purchased Kashmir from the East India Company for a payment of 7.5 million rupees and was granted the title Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir.
6698:
4830:
1887:
1260:
1052:
The battle of Aliwal was fought on 28 January 1846. After resting his troops, Smith once again advanced to Baddowal. The Sikhs had withdrawn to
5649:
1804:
1710:
1656:
6713:
759:
The Sikh cavalry, though no longer the preferred branch, remained a well-disciplined force with 6,235 cavalrymen in 1845 with 2 regiments of
344:
2009:
1291:. The Lahore Durbar was also required to pay an indemnity of 15 million rupees. Because it could not readily raise this sum, it ceded
6683:
6850:
6693:
5907:
5392:
1567:
6728:
3341:
433:
6865:
6733:
5711:
5281:
4800:
4403:
4173:
6753:
5912:
5851:
581:
Maharaja Ranjit Singh died in 1839. After his death, his kingdom began to fall into disorder. Ranjit's unpopular legitimate son,
678:
became commander of the army. Sikh historians have stressed that both these men were prominent in the Dogra faction. Originally
6703:
6656:
5263:
2725:
6830:
5958:
5385:
4596:
3032:
2081:
2059:
2040:
2021:
1999:
1961:
1921:
1871:
1780:
1686:
1632:
1535:
1508:
549:, while at the same time building up his military forces both to deter aggression by the British and to wage war against the
191:
5416:
4270:
5353:
4626:
4439:
3746:
1088:
709:
426:
232:
655:
Hira Singh was killed, while attempting to flee the capital with loot from the royal treasury (toshkana), by troops under
6784:
5429:
5269:
5203:
4166:
2869:
2832:
1106:
2105:
1409:
4481:
2290:
503:
92:
1011:
On learning of the Sikh strength, and receiving further orders from Gough, Smith instead force-marched his troops via
775:
The artillery was large though unstandardised, increasing from 40 guns in 1808 to 381 by 1845, with an additional 388
6678:
6673:
5082:
4427:
4276:
2168:
2114:
1846:
1419:
6688:
5601:
5299:
4306:
3946:
1841:. John Chapple (1st ed.). United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Amberley Publishing Limited.
5841:
5831:
5796:
5347:
4932:
4264:
3306:
2987:
2526:
1004:
joined by Ajit Singh of Ladwa. They marched towards Ludhiana and burned a portion of the British cantonment. Sir
589:, who also died within a few months in suspicious circumstances, after being injured by a falling archway at the
6804:
5287:
4644:
4559:
4228:
4045:
4040:
1971:
989:
Operations temporarily halted, mainly because Gough's army was exhausted and required rest and reinforcements.
837:
180:
6774:
6743:
4740:
4728:
4716:
4686:
4662:
4656:
4650:
4632:
4608:
3555:
2837:
1364:
4680:
6794:
6450:
5801:
5408:
4998:
4210:
4190:
3916:
2864:
2715:
2668:
1005:
262:
4668:
4158:
1336:
6640:
6027:
5676:
5185:
5137:
4722:
4523:
3726:
2857:
545:
Ranjit Singh maintained a policy of wary friendship with the British, ceding some territory south of the
5836:
6845:
6840:
6375:
5927:
5644:
5639:
4746:
4674:
4614:
4463:
3520:
3187:
2767:
491:
949:
of Mudki late on 18 December. The British won an untidy encounter battle, suffering heavy casualties.
6350:
6047:
5922:
5761:
5701:
5004:
4391:
4318:
4234:
3812:
3792:
3741:
3600:
3425:
3333:
3240:
3137:
3132:
3025:
1891:
1210:
1201:
1146:
1137:
706:
929:
on four nooks and high walls around the fort. Ajit Singh of Ladwa won this battle due to this fort.
6835:
6635:
6610:
6147:
5846:
5826:
5686:
5546:
5504:
5257:
5070:
5016:
4902:
4890:
4860:
4602:
4493:
4294:
4288:
3921:
3797:
3776:
3127:
2551:
2380:
1327:
Political map of Punjab in 1846 after the treaties in the aftermath of the First Anglo-Sikh War by
1301:
918:
3721:
1252:
by the British. The British defeated this force and Hanuman Singh was killed in action at age 90.
6355:
6325:
6062:
6042:
5877:
5786:
5509:
5499:
5489:
5479:
5221:
5155:
4992:
4956:
4758:
4734:
4692:
4565:
4553:
4475:
4469:
4252:
4110:
4087:
3685:
3197:
3172:
2807:
2610:
2435:
2410:
2317:
2295:
2125:
1328:
630:
4842:
4535:
3706:
1347:
The Sikh empire was until then one of the few remaining kingdoms in India after the rise of the
6860:
6855:
6580:
6490:
6485:
5726:
5665:
5557:
5484:
5474:
5197:
4806:
4788:
4782:
4571:
4505:
4373:
4258:
4240:
3941:
3640:
3625:
3615:
3595:
3590:
3395:
3301:
3202:
3177:
2822:
2812:
2772:
2638:
1909:
826:
550:
327:
1525:
1206:
1142:
6779:
6718:
6545:
6330:
6275:
6107:
6067:
5872:
5791:
5736:
5721:
5671:
5659:
5536:
4854:
4457:
4397:
4324:
4125:
4065:
3978:
3711:
3580:
3550:
3329:
3288:
2653:
2600:
2521:
2161:
2138:
1352:
660:
656:
470:
308:
2546:
2536:
6630:
6585:
6520:
6465:
6410:
6295:
6200:
6157:
6112:
6032:
5932:
5776:
5681:
5531:
5251:
5040:
4986:
4914:
4836:
4824:
4620:
4379:
4300:
4055:
4013:
3998:
3936:
3906:
3716:
3610:
3415:
3268:
3255:
3212:
3018:
2975:
2953:
2802:
2732:
2643:
2570:
2300:
1264:
969:
962:
844:, the British Governor General of Bengal, who placed himself beneath Gough in the military
783:. The British unwisely underestimated the Khalsa's artillery prior to the outbreak of war.
465:
392:
368:
2541:
8:
6615:
6560:
6445:
6440:
6335:
6315:
6240:
6037:
6017:
6012:
6007:
5982:
5821:
5125:
4938:
4896:
4349:
4216:
4115:
4050:
4008:
3968:
3963:
3926:
3605:
3540:
3530:
2847:
2827:
2787:
2757:
2186:
1932:
1241:
1171:
This siege was fought from mid-April to 28 May 1846. It was a six-week long siege of the
1053:
511:
6799:
6645:
6565:
6495:
6480:
6390:
6380:
6290:
6280:
6265:
6250:
6230:
6205:
6077:
6022:
5746:
5716:
5611:
5591:
5541:
5439:
5293:
5161:
5143:
5094:
5058:
5046:
5034:
4980:
4752:
4710:
4541:
4517:
4487:
4415:
4141:
4120:
3951:
3876:
3680:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3545:
3420:
3400:
3325:
3296:
3235:
3167:
3112:
2842:
2700:
2690:
2680:
2658:
2648:
2625:
2590:
2493:
2285:
2280:
2190:
1798:
1704:
1650:
1348:
1080:
998:
900:
December after the Sikh defeat at Ferozeshah prevented the Sikh army reinforcing them.
841:
670:
Jind Kaur publicly vowed revenge against her brother's murderers. She remained regent.
624:
522:
495:
397:
221:
120:
88:
6789:
6620:
6605:
6505:
6400:
6360:
6285:
6190:
6162:
6122:
5947:
5731:
5691:
5654:
5616:
5596:
5586:
5469:
5459:
5311:
5305:
5215:
5076:
5022:
4878:
4529:
4451:
4421:
4312:
4003:
3836:
3802:
3645:
3630:
3510:
3278:
3230:
3182:
3152:
3147:
2817:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2705:
2695:
2663:
2615:
2531:
2503:
2473:
2443:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2097:
2077:
2055:
2036:
2017:
1995:
1957:
1917:
1867:
1842:
1786:
1776:
1692:
1682:
1638:
1628:
1531:
1504:
1415:
1084:
1066:
879:
845:
614:
407:
243:
1988:
6809:
6723:
6600:
6570:
6550:
6525:
6515:
6455:
6365:
6310:
6305:
6195:
6117:
5942:
5897:
5882:
5806:
5781:
5751:
5514:
5454:
5335:
5323:
5317:
5275:
5179:
5149:
5064:
4884:
4866:
4848:
4818:
4433:
4282:
4222:
4149:
4075:
4035:
3868:
3807:
3575:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3430:
3405:
3359:
3311:
3273:
3245:
3225:
3220:
3162:
3157:
3122:
3117:
3104:
2891:
2852:
2762:
2752:
2747:
2710:
2675:
2585:
2560:
2350:
2241:
2154:
1276:
1096:
1047:
1040:
720:
batteries, which would be unlikely to be required in a purely defensive operation.
613:(committees) formed an alternative power source within the kingdom, declaring that
402:
312:
247:
206:
202:
39:
in early 1846, from 'A Short History of the Sikhs' (1915), by Charles Herbert Payne
957:
502:. It resulted in defeat and partial subjugation of the Sikh empire and cession of
6758:
6748:
6650:
6555:
6500:
6415:
6395:
6215:
6185:
6180:
6137:
6127:
6092:
6087:
6052:
5977:
5902:
5741:
5464:
5227:
5167:
5106:
5100:
5028:
4908:
4812:
4794:
4445:
4367:
4079:
4018:
3771:
3731:
3675:
3585:
3505:
3263:
3192:
3142:
3065:
2777:
2742:
2737:
2685:
2605:
2307:
2275:
2267:
2109:
1574:
1498:
1447:
A History Of The Sikhs Vol 2 By Khushwant Singh Oxford University Press New Delhi
943:
794:
Although the leaders and principal units of the army were Sikhs, there were also
586:
382:
1083:
made feint attacks on the Sikh left, while another division under Major General
6590:
6540:
6530:
6510:
6475:
6435:
6420:
6142:
6072:
6057:
5997:
5987:
5816:
5706:
5576:
5551:
5526:
5424:
5377:
5359:
5088:
5010:
4968:
4962:
4950:
4638:
4194:
4025:
3828:
3690:
3441:
3390:
2970:
2931:
2901:
2488:
2453:
2330:
2231:
863:, who led Sikh forces against the British during the First Anglo-Sikh War, 1846
795:
713:
664:
618:
610:
562:
507:
84:
1790:
1642:
1315:
6824:
6535:
6460:
6425:
6385:
6300:
6270:
6260:
6245:
6132:
6102:
6082:
5811:
5365:
5341:
5239:
5233:
5131:
4499:
4385:
4355:
3958:
3736:
3467:
3385:
2960:
2633:
2580:
2516:
2375:
2365:
2216:
2102:
1949:
1696:
1280:
132:
2370:
6738:
6625:
6255:
6220:
6210:
6152:
5952:
5856:
5766:
5756:
5521:
5449:
5434:
5209:
5052:
4926:
4577:
4547:
4330:
4188:
3881:
3841:
3670:
3477:
3410:
3085:
3060:
3055:
2948:
2720:
2575:
2448:
2415:
2236:
2221:
1983:
1770:
1622:
1288:
1279:
on 9 March 1846, the Sikhs were made to surrender the valuable region (the
745:
648:
582:
546:
531:
16:
1845β46 conflict between the British East India Company and the Sikh Empire
4872:
1676:
1411:
Ranjit Singh: And the Sikh Barrier Between British Empire and Central Asia
1188:
1124:
6345:
6225:
5917:
5696:
5444:
5329:
4974:
4770:
4704:
4511:
4361:
3766:
3620:
3570:
3500:
3472:
3462:
3457:
3364:
3041:
3004:
2982:
2911:
2468:
2400:
2395:
2360:
1305:
1172:
821:
779:. Some of the artillery units had been organised and trained by European
753:
663:
became vizier in December 1844. In 1845 he arranged the assassination of
602:
590:
487:
161:
154:
96:
1527:
A New Look at Modern Indian History (From 1707 to The Modern Times), 32e
1035:
6595:
6370:
6320:
6235:
5887:
5771:
5606:
4776:
4698:
4409:
4246:
4105:
4097:
4030:
3931:
3911:
3891:
3851:
3635:
3369:
3075:
3070:
2926:
2595:
2565:
2478:
2463:
2385:
2355:
2335:
2226:
2211:
2206:
2198:
1284:
874:
776:
764:
691:
598:
573:
336:
141:
1110:
British troops crossing the Sutlej (Punjab) in boats. 10 February 1846
908:
530:
The Sikh kingdom of Punjab was expanded and consolidated by Maharajah
6575:
6470:
6430:
6405:
6340:
6002:
5992:
5892:
5191:
4944:
4764:
3973:
3565:
3560:
3080:
2921:
2390:
1271:, escorted by British troops after the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845β46)
860:
791:; 1,000 religious warriors who fought primarily as mounted infantry.
780:
717:
695:
675:
671:
640:
554:
539:
297:
286:
275:
840:, the Commander in Chief of the Bengal Army, who was accompanied by
5937:
5581:
4920:
4070:
3901:
3896:
3886:
3858:
2936:
2906:
2511:
922:
868:
2340:
1772:
The first Anglo-Sikh War 1845-46 : the betrayal of the Khalsa
1624:
The first Anglo-Sikh War 1845-46 : the betrayal of the Khalsa
418:
6097:
2458:
2420:
2177:
1296:
1292:
1012:
926:
803:
799:
768:
557:
soldiers to train his army, and also incorporated contingents of
137:
36:
5621:
4060:
3993:
3988:
3435:
2916:
2896:
2483:
2425:
2405:
2345:
2325:
1319:
Grand field day at Calcutta β arrival of the captured Sikh guns
1268:
1249:
1245:
1024:
788:
760:
682:
from outside of Punjab, both had converted to Sikhism in 1818.
652:
644:
594:
499:
128:
62:
3010:
601:
was crowned Maharaja of the Sikh Empire in January 1841, with
3983:
3846:
2965:
2941:
1443:
1020:
699:
679:
558:
2074:
The First Anglo-Sikh War 1845β46: The betrayal of the Khalsa
1976:
At Them with the Bayonet: The First Anglo-Sikh War 1845-1846
2881:
2146:
1079:
Two British divisions under Harry Smith and Major General
526:
Topographical map of the Punjab, "The Land of Five Rivers"
2992:
1749:
1747:
1717:
974:
The battle of Ferozeshah was fought on 21 December 1845.
35:
Sketch Map to Illustrate the First Anglo-Sikh War around
1744:
1591:
1579:
1391:"Punjab polls 2012: Six clans that control the state"
1734:
1732:
1544:
1478:
1466:
517:
87:and Lahore's Cis Sutlej territories annexed by the
2076:. Osprey Publishing; Osprey Campaign Series #338.
1987:
1454:
2098:World History Encyclopedia β First Anglo-Sikh War
1729:
1563:
1561:
1559:
851:
6822:
5407:
705:The actions and attitudes of the British, under
2054:. Stroud, Gloucs: Amberley Publishing Limited.
1503:. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 33.
1556:
1500:Noblemen and Kinsmen: History of a Sikh Family
5393:
4174:
3026:
2162:
434:
352:
53:(2 months, 3 weeks and 6 days)
1970:
1837:Sidhu, Amarpal Singh (2016). "Chronology".
1496:
628:Death of Jawahar Singh, Vizier of Lahore β
5908:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
5400:
5386:
4181:
4167:
3033:
3019:
2169:
2155:
1930:
1803:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1723:
1709:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1655:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
912:Equestrian painting of Ajit Singh of Ladwa
903:
871:, where a division was already stationed.
441:
427:
359:
345:
3342:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
2030:
1753:
1408:Hunter, William Wilson (9 August 2004).
1322:
1314:
1259:
1105:
1034:
956:
907:
873:
855:
735:
643:, Ranjit Singh's youngest widow, became
623:
572:
521:
366:
1948:
1597:
1524:Alka, Grover B. L. & Mehta (2018).
1244:along with 500 troops were heading for
1166:
952:
894:
886:clearly hostile and they declared war.
726:
568:
6823:
2008:
1982:
1775:. Steve Noon. Oxford. pp. 38β43.
1627:. Steve Noon. Oxford. pp. 45β50.
1585:
1550:
1484:
1472:
1407:
752:The first brigade of the army was the
5381:
4162:
3014:
2150:
2068:
2049:
1908:
1861:
1836:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1738:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1620:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1497:Sandhawalia, Preminder Singh (1999).
1460:
1388:
992:
422:
340:
4440:Regulator Movement in North Carolina
1530:. S. Chand Publishing. p. 148.
1523:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1182:
1118:
1060:
1444:Oxford University Press New Delhi.
1230:
1030:
448:
13:
1811:
1759:
1663:
1603:
937:
685:
14:
6877:
6851:Military history of British India
4189:Colonial conflicts involving the
2091:
1934:Cunningham's history of the Sikhs
1888:"Terms of the Treaty of Amritsar"
1862:Singh, Amarpal (September 2014).
1428:
1178:
1114:
932:
553:. He hired American and European
5602:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
4145:
4144:
4136:
3947:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
2035:. New Delhi: Sanbun Publishers.
1187:
1123:
889:
518:Background and causes of the war
321:
302:
291:
280:
269:
256:
237:
226:
215:
196:
185:
174:
148:
136:
127:
114:
29:
6866:Origins of the Kashmir conflict
5842:Provisional Government of India
4265:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
4137:
3040:
2988:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
1880:
1855:
1389:Jolly, Asit (14 January 2012).
814:
51:11 December 1845 β 9 March 1846
4368:Father Rale's War/Dummer's War
4041:Sikhism and sexual orientation
1994:. Cambridge University Press.
1902:
1517:
1490:
1401:
1382:
852:Outbreak and course of the war
731:
1:
4765:Black War (Van Diemen's Land)
4609:Castle Hill convict rebellion
1370:
1365:First Anglo-Sikh War Memorial
1248:when they were attacked near
6831:Wars involving Great Britain
6451:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari
5727:Chauri Chaura incident, 1922
5409:Indian independence movement
1954:Queen Victoria's little wars
1375:
1255:
1027:battalions, reinforced him.
494:in 1845 and 1846 around the
7:
6641:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
6028:Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty
2176:
1931:Cunningham, Joseph (1853).
1358:
1200:to comply with Knowledge's
1136:to comply with Knowledge's
878:Outpost of Rhodawala, near
10:
6882:
6376:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
5928:Indian Independence League
5645:Partition of Bengal (1947)
5640:Partition of Bengal (1905)
5282:Jewish revolt in Palestine
4927:Fenian Rebellion in Canada
4572:Dwyer's guerrilla campaign
4464:American Revolutionary War
3401:British East India Company
1675:Sidhu, Amarpal S. (2014).
1234:
1064:
1045:
996:
967:
941:
836:The army was commanded by
492:British East India Company
6767:
6666:
6551:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
6351:Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi
6171:
6048:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
5968:
5923:Indian Home Rule movement
5865:
5762:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
5702:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
5630:
5567:
5415:
5116:
5053:Jameson Raid South Africa
4587:
4340:
4201:
4134:
4096:
3867:
3827:
3813:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
3793:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
3785:
3759:
3742:Johann Martin Honigberger
3699:
3601:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
3493:
3486:
3450:
3378:
3352:
3320:
3287:
3254:
3211:
3103:
3094:
3048:
3003:
2880:
2624:
2502:
2434:
2316:
2266:
2197:
2184:
2135:
2130:
2122:
2016:. Sutton Publishing Ltd.
1839:The Second Anglo-Sikh War
1424:– via Google Books.
1267:, entering his palace in
456:
378:
167:
106:
43:
28:
23:
6790:Indian annexation of Goa
6636:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
6148:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
5913:Indian National Congress
5712:Non-cooperation movement
5264:Arab revolt in Palestine
4861:Second Anglo-Burmese War
4603:Second Anglo-Maratha War
4494:Australian frontier wars
3803:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
3798:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
2052:The First Anglo-Sikh War
2031:Jawandha, Nahar (2010).
2014:Britain's forgotten wars
1864:The First Anglo-Sikh War
1678:The First Anglo-Sikh War
1213:may contain suggestions.
1198:may need to be rewritten
1149:may contain suggestions.
1134:may need to be rewritten
331:Raja Ajit Singh of Ladwa
6795:Indian Independence Act
6381:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
6356:Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
6326:Dukkipati Nageswara Rao
6063:Kandukuri Veeresalingam
6043:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai
5878:All-India Muslim League
5832:Royal Air Force strikes
5797:Round table conferences
5787:Chittagong armoury raid
5677:HinduβGerman Conspiracy
5660:Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy
5430:Porto Grande de Bengala
5258:Second Mohmand campaign
4993:Third Anglo-Burmese War
4957:Second Anglo-Afghan War
4759:First Anglo-Burmese War
4735:Third Anglo-Maratha War
4566:Fourth Anglo-Mysore War
4476:Second Anglo-Mysore War
4470:First Anglo-Maratha War
3808:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
3686:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
2611:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
2132:IndoβBritish conflicts
2126:Third Anglo-Maratha war
2108:9 February 2010 at the
2050:Sidhu, Amarpal (2010).
1956:. Wordsworth Editions.
1866:. Amberley Publishing.
1329:Joseph Davey Cunningham
904:Battle of Phillaur Fort
807:from British officers.
712:and his successor, Sir
631:Illustrated London News
605:as his prime minister.
486:was fought between the
6581:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
6486:Purushottam Das Tandon
5852:Praja Mandala movement
5666:The Indian Sociologist
5198:Third Anglo-Afghan War
5083:First Mohmand campaign
4807:First Anglo-Afghan War
4506:Third Anglo-Mysore War
3641:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
3626:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
3616:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
3596:Sher Singh Attariwalla
3591:Sham Singh Attariwalla
3487:Officials and warriors
3396:Emirate of Afghanistan
3302:Battle of Chillianwala
2527:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
2276:Beliefs and principles
1681:. Stroud. p. 36.
1331:
1320:
1304:), the Raja of Jammu,
1272:
1111:
1043:
965:
913:
882:
864:
827:Bengal Horse Artillery
741:
659:, Jind Kaur's brother
635:
587:Kanwar Nau Nihal Singh
578:
527:
328:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
168:Commanders and leaders
6805:Political integration
6546:Shyamji Krishna Varma
6331:Gopal Krishna Gokhale
6276:Bhupendra Kumar Datta
6108:Rettamalai Srinivasan
6068:Mahadev Govind Ranade
5873:All India Kisan Sabha
5837:Coup d'Γ©tat of Yanaon
5737:Qissa Khwani massacre
5722:Coolie-Begar movement
5537:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4855:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4512:Cotiote (Wayanad) War
4398:French and Indian War
3979:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
3722:François Henri Mouton
3712:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
3551:Khushal Singh Jamadar
3338:Panchayati Revolution
3334:Hill StatesβSikh Wars
3289:Second Anglo-Sikh War
2601:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
2139:Second Anglo-Sikh war
1769:Smith, David (2019).
1621:Smith, David (2019).
1573:18 March 2009 at the
1353:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1326:
1318:
1263:
1109:
1038:
960:
911:
877:
859:
739:
657:Sham Singh Attariwala
627:
576:
525:
309:Sham Singh Attariwala
6631:Veeran Sundaralingam
6586:Tara Rani Srivastava
6521:Sahajanand Saraswati
6411:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
6296:Chandra Shekhar Azad
6201:Alluri Sitarama Raju
6158:Vitthal Ramji Shinde
6113:Sahajanand Saraswati
6033:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
5933:Indian National Army
5777:Dharasana Satyagraha
5682:Champaran Satyagraha
5532:First Anglo-Sikh War
5017:HunzaβNagar Campaign
4825:First Anglo-Sikh War
4801:EgyptianβOttoman War
3760:Influential families
3717:Claude Auguste Court
3707:Jean-François Allard
3621:Surat Singh Majithia
3611:Lehna Singh Majithia
3416:Hill States Alliance
3269:Battle of Ferozeshah
3256:First Anglo-Sikh War
2976:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
2954:Piara Singh Bhaniara
2833:United Arab Emirates
2571:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
2301:Cannabis and Sikhism
2103:First Anglo-Sikh War
1972:Featherstone, Donald
1355:within three years.
1265:Maharaja Dalip Singh
1167:Siege of Kangra Fort
970:Battle of Ferozeshah
963:Battle of Ferozeshah
953:Battle of Ferozeshah
895:Battle of Wadni Fort
727:Status of combatants
577:The Sikh trophy guns
569:Events in the Punjab
484:first Anglo-Sikh war
370:First Anglo-Sikh War
24:First Anglo-Sikh war
6616:V. K. Krishna Menon
6561:Subhas Chandra Bose
6446:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
6441:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
6336:Govind Ballabh Pant
6316:Dayananda Saraswati
6241:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
6038:Gopal Hari Deshmukh
6018:Dhondo Keshav Karve
6013:Dayananda Saraswati
6008:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
5983:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer
5496:Anglo-Maratha Wars
5270:Waziristan campaign
5204:Waziristan campaign
4897:Revolt of Rajab Ali
4374:War of Jenkins' Ear
4051:Idolatry in Sikhism
3969:Nanakshahi calendar
3964:Sikh Light Infantry
3606:Amar Singh Majithia
3541:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
3332:, KatochβSikh War,
2033:Glimpses of Sikhism
1990:The Sikhs of Punjab
1242:Akali Hanuman Singh
674:became vizier, and
647:for her infant son
504:Jammu & Kashmir
6800:Partition of India
6646:Yashwantrao Holkar
6611:V. O. Chidamabaram
6566:Subramania Bharati
6496:Rahul Sankrityayan
6481:Pritilata Waddedar
6391:Shri Krishna Singh
6291:C. Rajagopalachari
6281:Bidhan Chandra Roy
6266:Bhavabhushan Mitra
6251:Begum Hazrat Mahal
6206:Annapurna Maharana
6078:Muthulakshmi Reddy
6023:G. Subramania Iyer
5717:Christmas Day Plot
5592:Indian nationalism
5542:Sannyasi rebellion
5440:East India Company
5144:Bambatha Rebellion
5059:Anglo-Zanzibar War
5047:Chitral Expedition
4981:Anglo-Egyptian War
4753:Anglo-Ashanti wars
4458:Lord Dunmore's War
4416:Anglo-Cherokee War
4325:King William's War
3952:11th Sikh Regiment
3767:Sandhawalia family
3681:Sultan Mahmud Khan
3666:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
3651:Sangat Singh Saini
3546:Dewan Mokham Chand
3421:Kingdom of Mankera
3297:Battle of Ramnagar
3241:Battle of Peshawar
3236:Battle of Nowshera
3113:Battle of Bhangani
2591:Nanak Shahi bricks
2494:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
2286:Sikh Rehat Maryada
2281:Guru Maneyo Granth
1894:on 5 January 2009.
1337:Treaty of Bhyroval
1332:
1321:
1302:Treaty of Amritsar
1273:
1112:
1099:on the east bank.
1081:Sir Walter Gilbert
1044:
999:Battle of Baddowal
993:Battle of Baddowal
966:
914:
883:
865:
842:Sir Henry Hardinge
742:
636:
634:, 29 November 1845
579:
528:
512:British suzerainty
496:Ferozepur district
276:Maharani Jind Kaur
233:Sir Henry Lawrence
222:Sir Walter Gilbert
192:Sir Henry Hardinge
121:East India Company
89:East India Company
6846:Conflicts in 1846
6841:Conflicts in 1845
6818:
6817:
6785:Republic of India
6621:Vallabhbhai Patel
6606:Ubaidullah Sindhi
6506:Ram Prasad Bismil
6401:M. Bhaktavatsalam
6361:Jatindra Nath Das
6286:Bipin Chandra Pal
6221:Babu Kunwar Singh
6191:Achyut Patwardhan
5948:Khudai Khidmatgar
5792:GandhiβIrwin Pact
5732:Kakori conspiracy
5692:Rowlatt Committee
5655:Direct Action Day
5617:Swadeshi movement
5597:Khilafat Movement
5587:Hindu nationalism
5547:Rebellion of 1857
5470:Anglo-Mysore Wars
5460:Battle of Plassey
5375:
5374:
5306:Malayan Emergency
5216:Malabar rebellion
5077:Siege of Malakand
5023:Anglo-Manipur War
4879:Anglo-Persian War
4428:Anglo-Spanish War
4380:King George's War
4301:King Philip's War
4277:Anglo-Spanish War
4156:
4155:
3837:Bandi Chhor Divas
3821:
3820:
3755:
3754:
3727:Alexander Gardner
3646:Kahan Singh Nakai
3631:Akali Phula Singh
3511:Diwan Bhawani Das
3348:
3347:
3279:Battle of Sobraon
3231:Battle of Shopian
2716:Jammu and Kashmir
2616:Well of Dina Nath
2444:Guru Granth Sahib
2257:Guru Granth Sahib
2252:Guru Gobind Singh
2247:Guru Tegh Bahadur
2145:
2144:
2136:Succeeded by
2083:978-1-4728-3447-8
2061:978-1-84868-983-1
2042:978-93-80213-25-5
2023:978-0-7509-3162-5
2001:978-0-521-26884-4
1978:. Leonnaur Books.
1963:978-1-84022-216-6
1923:978-0-349-11456-9
1873:978-1-4456-4195-9
1782:978-1-4728-3446-1
1688:978-1-4456-4195-9
1634:978-1-4728-3446-1
1568:allaboutsikhs.com
1537:978-93-5253-434-0
1510:978-81-215-0914-5
1228:
1227:
1202:quality standards
1164:
1163:
1138:quality standards
1085:Robert Henry Dick
1072:renewed efforts.
1067:Battle of Sobraon
1061:Battle of Sobraon
710:Lord Ellenborough
615:Guru Gobind Singh
603:Dhian Singh Dogra
565:into his forces.
479:
478:
416:
415:
335:
334:
244:Robert Henry Dick
102:
101:
93:Jammu and Kashmir
6873:
6810:Simla Conference
6601:Tiruppur Kumaran
6571:Subramaniya Siva
6526:Sangolli Rayanna
6516:Rash Behari Bose
6456:Nagnath Naikwadi
6366:Jawaharlal Nehru
6311:Dadabhai Naoroji
6306:Chittaranjan Das
6196:A. K. Fazlul Huq
6118:Savitribai Phule
5943:Khaksar movement
5898:Berlin Committee
5883:Anushilan Samiti
5847:Independence Day
5807:Aundh Experiment
5782:Vedaranyam March
5687:Kheda Satyagraha
5672:Singapore Mutiny
5455:Portuguese India
5402:
5395:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5324:Cyprus Emergency
5150:Maritz rebellion
5138:Tibet expedition
5071:Benin Expedition
4891:Indian Rebellion
4885:Second Opium War
4867:Eureka Rebellion
4843:British Honduras
4819:New Zealand Wars
4404:Seven Years' War
4350:Queen Anne's War
4183:
4176:
4169:
4160:
4159:
4148:
4147:
4140:
4139:
4076:Punjabi language
4036:Women in Sikhism
3576:Balbhadra Kunwar
3536:Hari Singh Nalwa
3526:Misr Diwan Chand
3516:Diwan Buta Singh
3491:
3490:
3431:Barakzai dynasty
3406:Kingdom of Nepal
3360:Sikh Khalsa Army
3312:Battle of Gujrat
3274:Battle of Aliwal
3246:Battle of Jamrud
3226:Battle of Multan
3221:Battle of Attock
3213:AfghanβSikh wars
3105:Mughal-Sikh Wars
3101:
3100:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3012:
3011:
2892:Sects of Sikhism
2858:Northern Ireland
2586:Moti Bagh Palace
2561:Bahadurgarh Fort
2259:(Sikh holy book)
2242:Guru Har Krishan
2171:
2164:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2123:Preceded by
2120:
2119:
2087:
2065:
2046:
2027:
2005:
1993:
1979:
1967:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1927:
1896:
1895:
1890:. Archived from
1884:
1878:
1877:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1834:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1794:
1766:
1757:
1751:
1742:
1736:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1700:
1672:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1646:
1618:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1565:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1441:
1426:
1425:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1386:
1277:Treaty of Lahore
1237:Battle of Sohana
1231:Battle of Sohana
1223:
1220:
1214:
1191:
1183:
1159:
1156:
1150:
1127:
1119:
1097:Sikh Khalsa Army
1048:Battle of Aliwal
1041:Battle of Aliwal
1031:Battle of Aliwal
1023:, including two
846:chain of command
707:Governor General
451:
443:
436:
429:
420:
419:
373:
371:
361:
354:
347:
338:
337:
326:
325:
324:
317:
307:
306:
305:
296:
295:
294:
285:
284:
283:
274:
273:
272:
261:
260:
259:
252:
242:
241:
240:
231:
230:
229:
220:
219:
218:
211:
203:George Broadfoot
201:
200:
199:
190:
189:
188:
179:
178:
177:
153:
152:
151:
140:
131:
119:
118:
117:
45:
44:
33:
21:
20:
6881:
6880:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6872:
6871:
6870:
6836:Anglo-Sikh wars
6821:
6820:
6819:
6814:
6775:Cabinet Mission
6763:
6667:British leaders
6662:
6651:Yogendra Shukla
6556:Siraj ud-Daulah
6511:Rani Lakshmibai
6501:Rajendra Prasad
6491:R. Venkataraman
6436:Mithuben Petitβ
6416:Mahadaji Shinde
6396:Lala Lajpat Rai
6231:Bahadur Shah II
6216:Ashfaqulla Khan
6186:Accamma Cherian
6181:Abul Kalam Azad
6173:
6167:
6138:Syed Ahmad Khan
6128:Sister Nivedita
6093:Pandita Ramabai
6088:Niralamba Swami
6053:J. B. Kripalani
5978:Ashfaqulla Khan
5970:
5964:
5903:Ghadar Movement
5861:
5742:Flag Satyagraha
5650:Revolutionaries
5632:
5626:
5569:
5563:
5465:Battle of Buxar
5411:
5406:
5376:
5371:
5312:Kenya Emergency
5118:
5112:
5107:Second Boer War
5101:Boxer Rebellion
5029:Pahang Uprising
4909:Ambela campaign
4831:RΓo de la Plata
4813:First Opium War
4795:Aden Expedition
4627:RΓo de la Plata
4589:
4583:
4554:Irish Rebellion
4446:First Carib War
4342:
4336:
4259:Confederate War
4253:Irish Rebellion
4203:
4197:
4187:
4157:
4152:
4130:
4092:
3863:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3781:
3772:Majithia family
3751:
3732:Paolo Avitabile
3695:
3676:Fakir Azizuddin
3586:Mehta Basti Ram
3506:Diwan Dina Nath
3482:
3446:
3426:Namgyal dynasty
3374:
3353:Military forces
3344:
3316:
3307:Siege of Multan
3283:
3264:Battle of Mudki
3250:
3207:
3096:
3090:
3066:Nau Nihal Singh
3044:
3039:
2999:
2884:and communities
2883:
2876:
2620:
2606:Ramgarhia Bunga
2517:Harmandir Sahib
2498:
2430:
2312:
2308:Diet in Sikhism
2262:
2193:
2180:
2175:
2141:
2128:
2115:Anglo-Sikh Wars
2110:Wayback Machine
2094:
2084:
2062:
2043:
2024:
2002:
1964:
1939:
1937:
1924:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1835:
1812:
1796:
1795:
1783:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1745:
1737:
1730:
1724:Cunningham 1853
1722:
1718:
1702:
1701:
1689:
1673:
1664:
1648:
1647:
1635:
1619:
1604:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1575:Wayback Machine
1566:
1557:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1442:
1429:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1361:
1258:
1239:
1233:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1205:
1192:
1181:
1173:Kangra fortress
1169:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1141:
1128:
1117:
1069:
1063:
1050:
1033:
1001:
995:
972:
955:
946:
944:Battle of Mudki
940:
938:Battle of Mudki
935:
906:
897:
892:
854:
817:
744:The army under
734:
729:
688:
686:British actions
571:
520:
480:
475:
452:
450:Anglo-Sikh wars
449:
447:
417:
412:
374:
369:
367:
365:
322:
320:
319:
313:
303:
301:
300:
292:
290:
289:
281:
279:
278:
270:
268:
263:Sir Harry Smith
257:
255:
254:
248:
238:
236:
235:
227:
225:
224:
216:
214:
213:
207:
197:
195:
194:
186:
184:
183:
175:
173:
149:
147:
135:
115:
113:
80:
74:
73:British victory
65:
52:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6879:
6869:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6816:
6815:
6813:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6771:
6769:
6765:
6764:
6762:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6670:
6668:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6591:Tarak Nath Das
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6541:Shuja-ud-Daula
6538:
6533:
6531:Sarojini Naidu
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6476:Prafulla Chaki
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6421:Mahatma Gandhi
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6177:
6175:
6169:
6168:
6166:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6143:Vakkom Moulavi
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6073:Mahatma Gandhi
6070:
6065:
6060:
6058:Jyotirao Phule
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5998:B. R. Ambedkar
5995:
5990:
5988:Ayya Vaikundar
5985:
5980:
5974:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5869:
5867:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5817:Cripps Mission
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5707:Noakhali riots
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5636:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5573:
5571:
5570:and ideologies
5565:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5554:
5552:Radcliffe Line
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5527:Vellore Mutiny
5524:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5421:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5405:
5404:
5397:
5390:
5382:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5315:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5279:
5273:
5267:
5261:
5255:
5252:Barzani revolt
5249:
5243:
5237:
5231:
5225:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5195:
5189:
5183:
5177:
5171:
5165:
5159:
5153:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5122:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5104:
5098:
5092:
5089:Tirah campaign
5086:
5080:
5074:
5068:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5038:
5032:
5026:
5020:
5014:
5008:
5002:
4999:Central Africa
4996:
4990:
4984:
4978:
4972:
4969:First Boer War
4966:
4960:
4954:
4951:Anglo-Zulu War
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4912:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4882:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4858:
4852:
4846:
4840:
4834:
4828:
4822:
4816:
4810:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4786:
4780:
4774:
4768:
4762:
4756:
4750:
4744:
4738:
4732:
4726:
4720:
4714:
4708:
4702:
4696:
4690:
4684:
4678:
4672:
4666:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4642:
4639:Froberg mutiny
4636:
4630:
4624:
4618:
4612:
4606:
4600:
4593:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4557:
4551:
4545:
4539:
4533:
4527:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4503:
4497:
4491:
4485:
4479:
4473:
4467:
4461:
4455:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4389:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4346:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4328:
4322:
4319:Williamite War
4316:
4310:
4304:
4298:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4238:
4232:
4226:
4220:
4214:
4207:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4195:British Empire
4186:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4163:
4154:
4153:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4073:
4068:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3844:
3839:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3747:Henry Lawrence
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3691:Sohan Lal Suri
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3442:Maqpon Dynasty
3439:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3391:Durrani Empire
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3326:NepalβSikh War
3324:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3038:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2985:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2971:Damdami Taksal
2963:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2888:
2886:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2838:United Kingdom
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2489:Sukhmani Sahib
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2454:Sarbloh Granth
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2331:Sikh practices
2328:
2322:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Guru Hargobind
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2100:
2093:
2092:External links
2090:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2066:
2060:
2047:
2041:
2028:
2022:
2006:
2000:
1980:
1968:
1962:
1950:Farwell, Byron
1946:
1928:
1922:
1914:Soldier Sahibs
1910:Allen, Charles
1904:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1879:
1872:
1854:
1847:
1810:
1781:
1758:
1743:
1728:
1726:, p. 257.
1716:
1687:
1662:
1633:
1602:
1590:
1588:, p. 548.
1578:
1555:
1553:, p. 547.
1543:
1536:
1516:
1509:
1489:
1487:, p. 120.
1477:
1475:, p. 546.
1465:
1453:
1427:
1420:
1400:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1283:) between the
1281:Jullundur Doab
1257:
1254:
1235:Main article:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1195:
1193:
1186:
1180:
1179:Mohali Battles
1177:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1131:
1129:
1122:
1116:
1115:Kangra battles
1113:
1089:Henry Lawrence
1065:Main article:
1062:
1059:
1046:Main article:
1032:
1029:
997:Main article:
994:
991:
968:Main article:
954:
951:
942:Main article:
939:
936:
934:
933:Lahore battles
931:
905:
902:
896:
893:
891:
888:
861:Raja Lal Singh
853:
850:
838:Sir Hugh Gough
816:
813:
733:
730:
728:
725:
714:Henry Hardinge
687:
684:
665:Pashaura Singh
619:Durbar (court)
570:
567:
519:
516:
508:princely state
506:as a separate
477:
476:
474:
473:
468:
463:
457:
454:
453:
446:
445:
438:
431:
423:
414:
413:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
379:
376:
375:
364:
363:
356:
349:
341:
333:
332:
298:Raja Lal Singh
265:
181:Sir Hugh Gough
170:
169:
165:
164:
144:
109:
108:
104:
103:
100:
99:
85:Jalandhar Doab
82:
76:
75:
71:
67:
66:
61:
59:
55:
54:
49:
41:
40:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6878:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6861:1846 in India
6859:
6857:
6856:1845 in India
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6766:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6665:
6659:
6658:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6536:Satyapal Dang
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6461:Nana Fadnavis
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6426:Mangal Pandey
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6386:Khudiram Bose
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6301:Chetram Jatav
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6271:Bhikaiji Cama
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6261:Bharathidasan
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6246:Basawon Singh
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6170:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6133:Sri Aurobindo
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6103:Ram Mohan Roy
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6083:Narayana Guru
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5967:
5961:
5960:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5866:Organisations
5864:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5827:Bombay Mutiny
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5812:Indian Legion
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5752:1928 Protests
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5697:Rowlatt Bills
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5629:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5572:
5566:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5403:
5398:
5396:
5391:
5389:
5384:
5383:
5380:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5240:Ikhwan revolt
5238:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5226:
5223:
5220:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5115:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5078:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5033:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5012:
5009:
5006:
5003:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4687:Spice Islands
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4645:Santo Domingo
4643:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4592:
4586:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4434:Pontiac's War
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4386:Carnatic Wars
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4356:Tuscarora War
4354:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4339:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4184:
4179:
4177:
4172:
4170:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4151:
4143:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4116:Kesgarh Sahib
4114:
4112:
4111:Damdama Sahib
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4086:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3959:Sikh Regiment
3957:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3777:Tiwana family
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3737:Josiah Harlan
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Jawahar Singh
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3556:Zorawar Singh
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Harkishangarh
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3386:Mughal Empire
3384:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3330:Sino-Sikh war
3327:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:Gurdas Nangal
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:Chappar Chiri
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3031:
3029:
3024:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Agrahari Sikh
2959:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2882:Groups, sects
2879:
2871:
2870:U.S. Military
2868:
2867:
2866:
2865:United States
2863:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2581:Khanda museum
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2553:
2552:North America
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:Three Pillars
2379:
2377:
2376:Antam Sanskar
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2366:Amrit Sanchar
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:The 52 Hukams
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Guru Amar Das
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2167:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2140:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2085:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1984:Grewal, J. S.
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1936:
1935:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1875:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1850:
1848:9781445650241
1844:
1840:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1800:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1763:
1756:, p. 64.
1755:
1754:Jawandha 2010
1750:
1748:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1712:
1706:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1652:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1600:, p. 30.
1599:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1552:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1493:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1469:
1463:, p. 28.
1462:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1423:
1421:9788130700304
1417:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1381:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1330:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1222:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1196:This section
1194:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1158:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1132:This section
1130:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1037:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1000:
990:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
964:
959:
950:
945:
930:
928:
924:
920:
910:
901:
890:Ladwa battles
887:
881:
876:
872:
870:
862:
858:
849:
847:
843:
839:
834:
830:
828:
823:
812:
808:
805:
801:
797:
792:
790:
784:
782:
778:
773:
770:
766:
762:
757:
755:
750:
747:
738:
724:
721:
719:
715:
711:
708:
703:
701:
697:
693:
683:
681:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
661:Jawahar Singh
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
633:
632:
626:
622:
620:
616:
612:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
575:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
535:
533:
524:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
458:
455:
444:
439:
437:
432:
430:
425:
424:
421:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
380:
377:
372:
362:
357:
355:
350:
348:
343:
342:
339:
330:
329:
318:
316:
310:
299:
288:
277:
266:
264:
253:
251:
245:
234:
223:
212:
210:
204:
193:
182:
172:
171:
166:
163:
160:
159:
158:Supported by;
156:
145:
143:
139:
134:
133:Patiala State
130:
126:
125:
124:Supported by;
122:
111:
110:
105:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
78:
77:
72:
69:
68:
64:
60:
57:
56:
50:
47:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
6780:Constitution
6768:Independence
6655:
6626:Vanchinathan
6256:Bhagat Singh
6211:Annie Besant
6172:Independence
6153:Vinoba Bhave
5957:
5953:Swaraj Party
5857:Lucknow Pact
5767:Purna Swaraj
5757:Nehru Report
5664:
5568:Philosophies
5556:
5522:Polygar Wars
5450:French India
5435:Dutch Bengal
5425:Colonisation
5210:Iraqi Revolt
5065:Matabeleland
5041:North Borneo
5035:Matabeleland
4987:Saskatchewan
4789:Upper Canada
4783:Lower Canada
4741:Persian Gulf
4657:Persian Gulf
4597:Newfoundland
4578:Polygar Wars
4548:Kandyan Wars
4500:Nootka Sound
4088:Sacred trees
3869:Other topics
3842:Hola Mohalla
3671:Ilahi Bakhsh
3531:Diwan Mulraj
3521:Pratap Singh
3478:Zorawar Fort
3133:2nd Anandpur
3128:1st Anandpur
3086:Duleep Singh
3061:Kharak Singh
3056:Ranjit Singh
2949:Mazhabi Sikh
2808:South Africa
2576:Kesgarh Qila
2522:Janam Asthan
2504:Architecture
2449:Dasam Granth
2416:Charhdi Kala
2296:Prohibitions
2237:Guru Har Rai
2222:Guru Ram Das
2131:
2073:
2070:Smith, David
2051:
2032:
2013:
1989:
1975:
1953:
1938:. Retrieved
1933:
1913:
1892:the original
1882:
1863:
1857:
1838:
1771:
1719:
1677:
1623:
1598:Farwell 1973
1593:
1581:
1546:
1526:
1519:
1499:
1492:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1446:
1410:
1403:
1394:
1384:
1346:
1342:
1333:
1310:
1289:Sutlej River
1274:
1240:
1216:
1207:You can help
1197:
1170:
1152:
1143:You can help
1133:
1101:
1093:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1051:
1016:
1010:
1002:
988:
984:
980:
976:
973:
947:
915:
898:
884:
866:
835:
831:
818:
815:British Army
809:
793:
785:
774:
758:
751:
746:Ranjit Singh
743:
722:
704:
689:
669:
651:. After the
649:Duleep Singh
637:
629:
607:
583:Kharak Singh
580:
547:Sutlej River
544:
536:
532:Ranjit Singh
529:
483:
481:
314:
267:
249:
208:
157:
146:
123:
112:
107:Belligerents
18:
6724:Mountbatten
6346:Hemu Kalani
6226:Bagha Jatin
6163:Vivekananda
5918:India House
5802:Act of 1935
5577:Ambedkarism
5445:British Raj
5330:Suez Crisis
5228:Transjordan
5132:West Africa
5109:(1899β1902)
5103:(1898β1901)
5095:Six-Day War
5043:(1894β1905)
5031:(1891β1895)
5011:Mashonaland
4975:Mahdist War
4915:Shimonoseki
4845:(1847β1901)
4755:(1824β1901)
4723:Cape Colony
4621:Cape Colony
4580:(1799β1805)
4574:(1799β1803)
4562:(1798β1800)
4550:(1796β1818)
4524:Cape Colony
4514:(1793β1806)
4496:(1788β1934)
4392:Nova Scotia
4362:Yamasee War
4333:(1694β1700)
4307:Child's War
4295:2nd Tangier
4289:1st Tangier
4285:(1655β1739)
4235:Saint Kitts
4213:(1593β1603)
4126:Patna Sahib
4121:Hazur Sahib
3656:Hukma Singh
3571:Gulab Singh
3501:Dhian Singh
3473:Lahore Fort
3463:Multan Fort
3458:Jamrud Fort
3411:Qing Empire
3379:Adversaries
3365:Fauj-i-Khas
3042:Sikh Empire
3005:Sikh Empire
2983:Singh Sabha
2912:Nanakpanthi
2823:Switzerland
2813:South Korea
2773:New Zealand
2768:Netherlands
2639:Afghanistan
2469:Japji Sahib
2401:The Five Ks
2396:Vand Chhako
2361:Anand Karaj
2010:Hernon, Ian
1903:Works cited
1586:Hernon 2003
1551:Hernon 2003
1485:Grewal 1998
1473:Hernon 2003
1395:India Today
1306:Gulab Singh
1006:Harry Smith
822:Bengal Army
781:mercenaries
777:swivel guns
765:cuirassiers
754:Fauj-i-Khas
732:Khalsa Army
591:Lahore Fort
488:Sikh Empire
162:Ladwa State
155:Sikh Empire
97:Gulab Singh
79:Territorial
6825:Categories
6754:Linlithgow
6694:Chelmsford
6684:Cornwallis
6596:Tatya Tope
6466:Nana Saheb
6371:K. Kamaraj
6321:Dhan Singh
6236:Bakht Khan
5888:Arya Samaj
5822:Quit India
5772:Salt March
5631:Events and
5607:Satyagraha
5234:Pink's War
5126:Somaliland
4963:Basutoland
4717:Guadeloupe
4699:Xhosa Wars
4681:Seychelles
4663:Guadeloupe
4651:Martinique
4518:Rohilkhand
4482:Gold Coast
4452:Rohilkhand
4410:Bengal War
4247:Pequot War
4106:Akal Takht
4046:In Fiction
4031:Ravidassia
3999:Dharamyudh
3922:Literature
3912:Panj Pyare
3852:Mela Maghi
3700:Foreigners
3661:Veer Singh
3636:Chandu Lal
3370:Fauj-i-Ain
3076:Sher Singh
3071:Chand Kaur
2927:Sewapanthi
2654:Bangladesh
2626:By country
2596:Pul Kanjri
2566:Fateh Burj
2479:Jaap Sahib
2464:Mul Mantar
2386:Kirat Karo
2371:Amrit VelΔ
2356:Naam Karan
2336:Sikh rites
2268:Philosophy
2227:Guru Arjan
2212:Guru Angad
2207:Guru Nanak
1916:. Abacus.
1791:1112367870
1739:Sidhu 2010
1643:1112367870
1461:Allen 2001
1371:References
1285:Beas River
1219:April 2023
1155:April 2023
1017:Gorchurras
921:in nearby
919:Lodhi fort
692:cantonment
611:panchayats
599:Sher Singh
461:Panchayati
393:Ferozeshah
142:Jind State
6729:Wellesley
6714:Dalhousie
6576:Surya Sen
6471:P. Kakkan
6431:Mir Qasim
6406:M. N. Roy
6341:Har Dayal
6174:activists
6003:Baba Amte
5993:Ayyankali
5971:reformers
5893:Azad Hind
5633:movements
5612:Socialism
5366:Falklands
5362:(1963β67)
5356:(1962β66)
5350:(1962β90)
5338:(1962β76)
5326:(1955β59)
5320:(1954β59)
5314:(1952β60)
5308:(1948β60)
5302:(1946β50)
5294:Indonesia
5290:(1945β46)
5288:Indochina
5284:(1944β48)
5272:(1936β39)
5266:(1936β39)
5254:(1931β32)
5248:(1930β31)
5242:(1927β30)
5224:(1922β24)
5222:Kurdistan
5206:(1919β20)
5182:(1916β17)
5162:Nyasaland
5158:(1914β15)
5152:(1914β15)
5140:(1903β04)
5134:(1901β02)
5128:(1900β20)
5091:(1897β98)
5085:(1897β98)
5067:(1896β97)
5037:(1893β94)
5001:(1886β89)
4977:(1881β99)
4971:(1880β81)
4965:(1880β81)
4959:(1879β80)
4947:(1875β76)
4933:Abyssinia
4929:(1866β71)
4923:(1864β65)
4911:(1863β64)
4903:Kagoshima
4899:(1857β58)
4893:(1857β59)
4887:(1856β60)
4881:(1856β57)
4875:(1854β56)
4873:Γ
land War
4857:(1848β49)
4833:(1845β50)
4827:(1845β46)
4821:(1845β72)
4815:(1839β42)
4809:(1839β42)
4803:(1839β41)
4791:(1837β38)
4785:(1837β38)
4779:(1831β33)
4773:(1831β32)
4767:(1828β32)
4761:(1824β26)
4737:(1817β18)
4713:(1814β16)
4707:(1812β15)
4701:(1811β79)
4695:(1810β11)
4675:Mauritius
4647:(1808β09)
4629:(1806β07)
4605:(1803β05)
4568:(1798β99)
4538:(1795β96)
4532:(1795β96)
4508:(1789β92)
4484:(1781β82)
4478:(1779β84)
4472:(1775β82)
4466:(1775β83)
4454:(1773β74)
4448:(1769β73)
4442:(1765β71)
4436:(1763β66)
4430:(1762β63)
4418:(1758β61)
4412:(1756β65)
4406:(1756β63)
4400:(1754β63)
4394:(1749β55)
4388:(1746β63)
4382:(1744β48)
4376:(1740β42)
4370:(1722β25)
4364:(1715β17)
4358:(1711β15)
4352:(1702β13)
4327:(1688β97)
4321:(1688β91)
4309:(1686β90)
4303:(1675β78)
4279:(1654β60)
4273:(1654β67)
4267:(1649β53)
4261:(1641β53)
4249:(1634β38)
4219:(1609β46)
4056:Criticism
3974:Ramananda
3829:Festivals
3566:Lal Singh
3561:Tej Singh
3438:of Poonch
3188:Jalalabad
3097:conflicts
3081:Jind Kaur
2922:Nirankari
2803:Singapore
2733:Indonesia
2669:Vancouver
2644:Australia
2436:Scripture
2391:Naam Japo
2318:Practices
1799:cite book
1705:cite book
1697:888465711
1651:cite book
1414:. Cosmo.
1376:Citations
1256:Aftermath
1211:talk page
1147:talk page
869:Ferozepur
718:siege gun
696:Ferozepur
676:Tej Singh
672:Lal Singh
641:Jind Kaur
555:mercenary
540:Hindustan
287:Tej Singh
6759:Hastings
6719:Bentinck
5938:Jugantar
5582:Gandhism
5354:Malaysia
5276:Ethiopia
5174:Peshawar
4939:Manitoba
4921:Duar War
4217:Virginia
4150:Category
4080:GurmukhΔ«
4071:Punjabis
4014:Hinduism
3942:Politics
3902:Waheguru
3897:Ik Onkar
3859:Vaisakhi
3786:Treaties
3168:Sadhaura
3138:Chamkaur
3095:Military
2937:Ramraiya
2907:Namdhari
2848:Scotland
2828:Thailand
2788:Pakistan
2758:Malaysia
2634:Diaspora
2512:Gurdwara
2187:Glossary
2106:Archived
2072:(2019).
2012:(2003).
1986:(1998).
1974:(2007).
1952:(1973).
1912:(2001).
1571:Archived
1359:See also
927:bastions
923:Ludhiana
804:Kashmiri
767:, and 6
490:and the
398:Baddowal
95:sold to
58:Location
6679:Canning
6098:Periyar
5747:Bardoli
5515:Gwalior
5417:History
5348:Sarawak
5300:Sarawak
5192:Nigeria
5180:Mohmand
5168:Nigeria
5119:century
4777:Malacca
4771:Jamaica
4729:Algiers
4669:Reunion
4615:Surinam
4590:century
4536:Grenada
4530:Jamaica
4422:Jamaica
4343:century
4283:Jamaica
4211:Ireland
4204:century
4191:English
4142:Outline
4066:History
4009:Jainism
3882:Culture
3877:History
3494:Natives
3436:Sudhans
3183:Lohgarh
3163:Sirhind
3153:Sonepat
3148:Muktsar
2932:Nirmala
2843:England
2701:Germany
2691:Finland
2681:Denmark
2659:Belgium
2649:Austria
2474:Chaupai
2459:Gurbani
2421:Dasvand
2191:History
2178:Sikhism
1940:24 July
1349:company
1297:Hazarah
1293:Kashmir
1275:In the
1013:Jagraon
880:Sobraon
800:Pakhtun
796:Punjabi
789:Nihangs
769:dragoon
763:, 2 of
761:lancers
563:Muslims
551:Afghans
408:Sobraon
315:†
250:†
209:†
81:changes
37:Sobraon
6749:Cripps
6744:Outram
6734:Lytton
6699:Curzon
6674:Wavell
5969:Social
5622:Swaraj
5505:Second
5490:Fourth
5480:Second
5368:(1982)
5344:(1962)
5342:Brunei
5332:(1956)
5296:(1945)
5278:(1943)
5260:(1935)
5236:(1925)
5230:(1923)
5218:(1921)
5212:(1920)
5200:(1919)
5194:(1918)
5188:(1917)
5186:Quebec
5176:(1915)
5170:(1915)
5164:(1915)
5146:(1906)
5097:(1899)
5079:(1897)
5073:(1897)
5061:(1896)
5055:(1896)
5049:(1895)
5025:(1891)
5019:(1891)
5013:(1890)
5007:(1888)
5005:Hazara
4995:(1885)
4989:(1885)
4983:(1882)
4953:(1879)
4941:(1870)
4935:(1868)
4917:(1864)
4905:(1863)
4869:(1854)
4863:(1852)
4851:(1848)
4849:Ceylon
4839:(1847)
4837:Canton
4797:(1839)
4749:(1823)
4747:Guiana
4743:(1819)
4731:(1816)
4725:(1815)
4719:(1815)
4689:(1810)
4683:(1810)
4677:(1810)
4671:(1810)
4665:(1810)
4659:(1809)
4653:(1809)
4641:(1807)
4635:(1807)
4623:(1806)
4617:(1804)
4611:(1804)
4599:(1800)
4556:(1798)
4544:(1795)
4542:Ceylon
4526:(1795)
4520:(1794)
4502:(1789)
4490:(1786)
4460:(1774)
4424:(1762)
4315:(1687)
4297:(1664)
4291:(1662)
4271:Acadia
4255:(1641)
4243:(1628)
4241:Quebec
4237:(1626)
4231:(1622)
4225:(1612)
4223:Swally
4061:Punjab
3994:Dastar
3989:Sardar
3937:Places
3907:Khanda
3321:Others
3158:Samana
3123:Basoli
3118:Nadaun
3049:Rulers
2917:Nihang
2897:Khalsa
2818:Sweden
2798:Poland
2793:Panama
2783:Norway
2726:Punjab
2706:Greece
2696:France
2664:Canada
2547:Europe
2537:Africa
2484:Rehras
2426:Jhatka
2406:Simran
2351:Langar
2346:Kirtan
2326:Khalsa
2080:
2058:
2039:
2020:
1998:
1960:
1920:
1870:
1845:
1789:
1779:
1695:
1685:
1641:
1631:
1534:
1507:
1418:
1269:Lahore
1250:Sohana
1246:Ghuram
1209:. The
1145:. The
1054:Aliwal
1025:Gurkha
680:Hindus
653:vizier
645:regent
595:Dogras
559:Hindus
510:under
500:Punjab
471:Second
403:Aliwal
388:Sohana
311:
246:
205:
70:Result
63:Punjab
6739:Clive
6709:Minto
6704:Ripon
6689:Irwin
6123:Shahu
5510:Third
5500:First
5485:Third
5475:First
5246:Tirah
5156:Tochi
4945:Perak
4711:Nepal
4633:Egypt
4560:Malta
4488:Assam
4331:Ghana
4229:Ormuz
4098:Takht
4026:Sikhs
4004:Islam
3984:Kabir
3932:Names
3927:Music
3917:Films
3892:Music
3847:Maghi
3451:Forts
3203:Delhi
3193:Jammu
3178:Rahon
3143:Sarsa
2966:Jatha
2942:Udasi
2853:Wales
2763:Nepal
2753:Japan
2748:Italy
2721:Kochi
2711:India
2676:China
2341:ArdΔs
2199:Gurus
1021:Delhi
700:Sindh
466:First
383:Mudki
6657:more
5959:more
5558:more
5360:Aden
5336:Oman
5318:Oman
5117:20th
4693:Java
4588:19th
4341:18th
4313:Siam
4202:17th
4019:Rama
2902:Mina
2778:Niue
2743:Iraq
2738:Iran
2686:Fiji
2542:Asia
2532:List
2411:Sewa
2189:and
2078:ISBN
2056:ISBN
2037:ISBN
2018:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1958:ISBN
1942:2015
1918:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1843:ISBN
1805:link
1787:OCLC
1777:ISBN
1711:link
1693:OCLC
1683:ISBN
1657:link
1639:OCLC
1629:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1505:ISBN
1416:ISBN
1287:and
1039:The
961:The
802:and
561:and
482:The
91:and
48:Date
4705:USA
3887:Art
2993:3HO
694:at
498:of
6827::
3340:,
3336:,
3328:,
1813:^
1801:}}
1797:{{
1785:.
1761:^
1746:^
1731:^
1707:}}
1703:{{
1691:.
1665:^
1653:}}
1649:{{
1637:.
1605:^
1558:^
1430:^
1393:.
1295:,
829:.
798:,
621:.
597:.
514:.
5401:e
5394:t
5387:v
4193:/
4182:e
4175:t
4168:v
4082:)
4078:(
3034:e
3027:t
3020:v
2170:e
2163:t
2156:v
2086:.
2064:.
2045:.
2026:.
2004:.
1966:.
1944:.
1926:.
1876:.
1851:.
1807:)
1793:.
1741:.
1713:)
1699:.
1659:)
1645:.
1540:.
1513:.
1450:.
1397:.
1221:)
1217:(
1204:.
1157:)
1153:(
1140:.
442:e
435:t
428:v
360:e
353:t
346:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
,_by_Charles_Herbert_Payne.jpg)
