IEEE 1394 - Knowledge

349: 388: 4424: 365: 357: 906: 380: 50: 826:. Each arbitration round lasts about 125 microseconds. During the round, the root node (device nearest the processor) sends a cycle start packet. All nodes requiring data transfer respond, with the closest node winning. After the node is finished, the remaining nodes take turns in order. This repeats until all the devices have used their portion of the 125 microseconds, with isochronous transfers having priority. 919: 1358:. All DV cameras that recorded to tape media had a FireWire interface (usually a 4-conductor). All DV ports on camcorders only operate at the slower 100 Mbit/s speed of FireWire. This presents operational issues if the camcorder is daisy chained from a faster S400 device or via a common hub because any segment of a FireWire network cannot support multiple speed communication. 790:, mouse operations and data from pressure sensors outside the aircraft. All these elements require constant, uninterrupted bandwidth. To support both elements, FireWire dedicates a certain percentage to isochronous data and the rest to asynchronous data. In IEEE 1394, 80% of the bus is reserved for isochronous cycles, leaving asynchronous data with a minimum of 20% of the bus. 707:) was formed to aid the marketing of IEEE 1394. Its bylaws prohibit dealing with intellectual property issues. The 1394 Trade Association operates on an individual no cost membership basis to further enhancements to 1394 standards. The Trade Association also is the library source for all 1394 documentation and standards available. 1469:) used by FireWire disk drives uses this capability to minimize interrupts and buffer copies. In SBP-2, the initiator (controlling device) sends a request by remotely writing a command into a specified area of the target's FireWire address space. This command usually includes buffer addresses in the initiator's FireWire 1096:. Some FireWire hardware manufacturers also provide custom device drivers that replace the Microsoft OHCI host adapter driver stack, enabling S800-capable devices to run at full 800 Mbit/s transfer rates on older versions of Windows (XP SP2 w/o Hotfix 885222) and Windows Vista. At the time of its release, Microsoft 1100:

supported only 1394a, with assurances that 1394b support would come in the next service pack. Service Pack 1 for Microsoft Windows Vista has since been released, however the addition of 1394b support is not mentioned anywhere in the release documentation. The 1394 bus driver was rewritten for Windows

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The FireWire host interface supports DMA and memory-mapped devices, allowing data transfers to happen without loading the host CPU with interrupts and buffer-copy operations. Additionally, FireWire features two data buses for each segment of the bus network, whereas, until USB 3.0, USB featured only

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FireWire devices are organized at the bus in a tree topology. Each device has a unique self-ID. One of the nodes is elected root node and always has the highest ID. The self-IDs are assigned during the self-ID process, which happens after each bus resets. The order in which the self-IDs are assigned

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as the license administrator, to whom they licensed patents. MPEG LA sublicenses these patents to providers of equipment implementing IEEE 1394. Under the typical patent pool license, a royalty of US$ 0.25 per unit is payable by the manufacturer upon the manufacture of each 1394 finished product; no

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and device physical memory is done in hardware, without operating system intervention. While this enables high-speed and low-latency communication between data sources and sinks without unnecessary copying (such as between a video camera and a software video recording application, or between a disk

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calculator function. The Running Disparity calculator attempts to keep the number of 1s transmitted equal to 0s, thereby assuring a DC-balanced signal. Then, the different partitions are sent through a 5b/6b encoder for the 5-bit partition and a 3b/4b encoder for the 3-bit partition. This gives the

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via a new encoding scheme termed beta mode. It is backwards compatible with the slower rates and 6-conductor alpha connectors of FireWire 400. However, while the IEEE 1394a and IEEE 1394b standards are compatible, FireWire 800's connector, referred to as a beta connector, is different from FireWire

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IEEE 1394a offers a couple of advantages over the original IEEE 1394–1995. 1394a is capable of arbitration accelerations, allowing the bus to accelerate arbitration cycles to improve efficiency. It also allows for arbitrated short bus reset, in which a node can be added or dropped without causing a

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USB is unsuitable for the transfer of the video data from tape because tape by its very nature does not support variable data rates. USB relies heavily on processor support and this was not guaranteed to service the USB port in time. The later move away from tape towards solid-state memory or disc

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A person or company may review the actual 1394 Patent Portfolio License upon request to MPEG LA. MPEG LA does not provide assurance of protection to licensees beyond its own patents. At least one formerly licensed patent is known to have been removed from the pool, and other hardware patents exist

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with a functional FireWire interface. This applied only to customers leasing high-definition capable cable boxes from their cable provider after April 1, 2004. The interface can be used to display or record Cable TV, including HDTV programming. In June 2010, the FCC issued an order that permitted

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Apple first included onboard FireWire in some of its 1999 Macintosh models (though it had been a build-to-order option on some models since 1997), and most Apple Macintosh computers manufactured in the years 2000 through 2011 included FireWire ports. However, in February 2011 Apple introduced the

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packet the ability to have at least two 1s, ensuring synchronization of the PLL at the receiving end to the correct bit boundaries for reliable transfer. An additional function of the coding scheme is to support the arbitration for bus access and general bus control. This is possible due to the

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The 6-conductor powered connector, now referred to as an alpha connector, adds power output to support external devices. Typically a device can pull about 7 to 8 watts from the port; however, the voltage varies significantly from different devices. Voltage is specified as unregulated and should

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using active repeaters; external hubs or internal hubs are often present in FireWire equipment. The S400 standard limits any configuration's maximum cable length to 72 metres (236 ft). The 6-conductor connector is commonly found on desktop computers and can supply the connected device with

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console (SCPH 1000x to 3900x series) had an i.LINK-branded 1394 connector. This was used for networking until the release of an Ethernet adapter later in the console's lifespan, but very few software titles supported the feature. The connector was removed from the SCPH 5000x series onward.

490:. Apple released its last computers with FireWire in 2012. By 2014, Thunderbolt had become a standard feature across Apple's entire line of computers (later with the exception of the 12-inch MacBook introduced in 2015, which featured only a sole USB-C port), effectively becoming the 1027:

In December 2007, the 1394 Trade Association announced that products would be available before the end of 2008 using the S1600 and S3200 modes that, for the most part, had already been defined in 1394b and were further clarified in IEEE Std. 1394–2008. The 1.572864 Gbit/s and

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bus, while providing connectivity for digital audio and video equipment. Apple's development began in the late 1980s, later presented to the IEEE, and was completed in January 1995. In 2007, IEEE 1394 was a composite of four documents: the original IEEE Std. 1394–1995, the

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The copper cable used in its most common implementation can be up to 4.5 metres (15 ft) long. Power and data is carried over this cable, allowing devices with moderate power requirements to operate without a separate power supply. FireWire is also available in

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FireWire connector (usually an alpha connector) that can be used to record video directly from a DV camcorder (computer-free). The protocol also accommodates remote control (play, rewind, etc.) of connected devices, and can stream time code from a camera.

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applications and for some webcams. Although they are easily confused since they both run over FireWire, IIDC is different from, and incompatible with, the ubiquitous AV/C (Audio Video Control) used to control camcorders and other consumer video devices.

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400's alpha connectors, making legacy cables incompatible. A bilingual cable allows the connection of older devices to the newer port. In 2003, Apple was the first to introduce commercial products with the new connector, including a new model of the

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polar satellite for NOAA. AS5643 combines existing 1394-2008 features like looped topology with additional features like transformer isolation and time synchronization, to create deterministic double and triple fault-tolerant data bus networks.

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and FireWire. USB requires the presence of a host controller, typically a PC, which connects point to point with the USB device. This allows for simpler (and lower-cost) peripherals, at the cost of lowered functionality of the bus. Intelligent

509:, used a smaller connector with only four signal conductors, omitting the two conductors that provide power for devices in favor of a separate power connector. This style was later added into the 1394a amendment. This port is sometimes labeled 1509:), disable relevant drivers at operating system level, disable the OHCI hardware mapping between FireWire and device memory, physically disable the entire FireWire interface, or opt to not use FireWire or other hardware like 1035:

S1600 (Symwave) and S3200 (Dap Technology) development units have been made, however because of FPGA technology DapTechnology targeted S1600 implementations first with S3200 not becoming commercially available until 2012.

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does not have native support but may work with third party drivers. A network can be set up between two computers using a single standard FireWire cable, or by multiple computers through use of a hub. This is similar to

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and isochronous transfer methods at once. Isochronous data transfers are transfers for devices that require continuous, guaranteed bandwidth. In an aircraft, for instance, isochronous devices include control of the

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cables. In its six-conductor or nine-conductor variations, it can supply up to 45 watts of power per port at up to 30 volts, allowing moderate-consumption devices to operate without a separate power supply.

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originally released in 2004 and reaffirmed in 2013 establishes IEEE-1394 standards as a military and aerospace databus network in those vehicles. AS5643 is utilized by several large programs, including the

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one. This means that FireWire can have communication in both directions at the same time (full-duplex), whereas USB communication prior to 3.0 can only occur in one direction at any one time (half-duplex).

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symbols afforded by the 8b/10b expansion. (While 8-bit symbols can encode a maximum of 256 values, 10-bit symbols permit the encoding of up to 1024.) Symbols invalid for the current state of the receiving

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In Linux, support was originally provided by libraw1394 making direct communication between user space and IEEE 1394 buses. Subsequently, a new kernel driver stack, nicknamed JuJu, has been implemented.

2198: 977:, also used for many other protocols). 8b/10b encoding involves expanding an 8-bit data word into 10 bits, with the extra bits after the 5th and 8th data bits. The partitioned data is sent through a 399:

FireWire is Apple's name for the IEEE 1394 High Speed Serial Bus. Its development was initiated by Apple in 1986, and developed by the IEEE P1394 Working Group, largely driven by contributions from

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Implementation of IEEE 1394 is said to require use of 261 issued international patents held by ten corporations. Use of these patents requires licensing; use without license generally constitutes

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FireWire is capable of safely operating critical systems due to the way multiple devices interact with the bus and how the bus allocates bandwidth to the devices. FireWire is capable of both

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Under FCC Code 47 CFR 76.640 section 4, subsections 1 and 2, Cable TV providers (in the US, with digital systems) must, upon request of a customer, have provided a high-definition capable

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The full IEEE 1394b specification supports data rates up to 3200 Mbit/s (i.e., 400 MB/s) over beta-mode or optical connections up to 100 metres (330 ft) in length. Standard

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for its then greater effective speed and power distribution capabilities. Benchmarks show that the sustained data transfer rates are higher for FireWire than for USB 2.0, but lower than

502:, were discontinued in 2016. Apple previously sold a Thunderbolt to FireWire Adapter, which provided one FireWire 800 port. A separate adapter was required to use it with Thunderbolt 3. 576:

The last of the patents, MY 120654 by Sony, expired on November 30, 2020. As of November 30, 2020, the following are patent holders of the IEEE 1394 standard, as listed in the

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3.145728 Gbit/s devices use the same 9-conductor beta connectors as the existing FireWire 800 and are fully compatible with existing S400 and S800 devices. It competes with

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but networking support for FireWire is not present. Unibrain offers free FireWire networking drivers for Windows called ubCore, which support Windows Vista and later versions.

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a machine whose operating system has crashed, and in some systems for remote-console operations. Windows natively supports this scenario of kernel debugging, although newer

340:. USB was developed subsequently and gained much greater market share. USB requires a host controller whereas IEEE 1394 is cooperatively managed by the connected devices. 999:

IEEE 1394c-2006 was published on June 8, 2007. It provided a major technical improvement, namely new port specification that provides 800 Mbit/s over the same

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amendment. On June 12, 2008, all these amendments as well as errata and some technical updates were incorporated into a superseding standard, IEEE Std. 1394–2008.

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buses utilize a number of different physical connections, and as such are usually more costly and typically heavier. IEEE 1394 fully supports both isochronous and

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drive and the application buffers), this can also be a security or media rights-restriction risk if untrustworthy devices are attached to the bus and initiate a

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In Windows XP, a degradation in performance of 1394 devices may have occurred with installation of Service Pack 2. This was resolved in Hotfix 885222 and in

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media (e.g., SD Cards, optical disks or hard drives) has facilitated moving to USB transfer because file-based data can be moved in segments as required.

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Other future iterations of FireWire were expected to increase speed to 6.4 Gbit/s and additional connectors such as the small multimedia interface.

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The original release of IEEE 1394-1995 specified what is now known as FireWire 400. It can transfer data between devices at 100, 200, or 400

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nominally be about 25 volts (range 24 to 30). Apple's implementation on laptops is typically related to battery power and can be as low as 9 V.

1181:(HANA) standard connection interface for A/V (audio/visual) component communication and control. HANA was dissolved in September 2009 and the 4882: 2547:"P1394d - IEEE Standard for a High-Performance Serial Bus - Amendment: IEEE 1394 Single-mode Fiber Fiber Physical Medium (PMD) Specification" 3167: 2969: 4925: 1901: 1178: 1489:. One of the applications known to exploit this to gain unauthorized access to running Windows, Mac OS and Linux computers is the spyware 731:

device communication — such as communication between a scanner and a printer — to take place without using system memory or the

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Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.

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networks with the major differences being transfer speed, conductor length, and the fact that standard FireWire cables can be used for

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IIDC (Instrumentation & Industrial Digital Camera) is the FireWire data format standard for live video, and is used by Apple's

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declared FireWire dead in 2008. As of 2012, there were few S1600 devices released, with a Sony camera being the only notable user.

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used IEEE 1394a ports for transferring music files and charging, but in 2003, the FireWire port in iPods was succeeded by Apple's

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version of the IEEE 1394b standard). This specification and corresponding products allow a transfer rate of 786.432 Mbit/s

3691: 1425:, both of which could only sync via USB but retained the ability to charge through FireWire. This was also carried over to the 806:(NRZ) signals are used to transmit the data with high reliability. The NRZ signal sent is fed with the clock signal through an 3545:"Bernhard Kaindl's fireproxy forwards the gdb remote protocol to FireWire. It allows reading and writing remote memory by gdb" 877:

An amendment, IEEE 1394a, was released in 2000, which clarified and improved the original specification. It added support for

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are required to connect multiple USB devices to a single USB host controller. By contrast, FireWire is essentially a

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data rates (the actual transfer rates are 98.304, 196.608, and 393.216 Mbit/s, i.e., 12.288, 24.576 and 49.152

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Preview builds no longer include the ability out of the box. On FreeBSD, the dcons driver provides both, using

1154:(using the same main connector type), FireWire used a different connector between 400 and 800 implementations. 1390:, devices that capture and digitize an analog video signal; however, IEEE 1394 is facing competition from the 6321: 4950: 4396: 4047: 4016: 3252:"IP networking over the IEEE 1394 bus is not supported in Windows Vista and in all later versions of Windows" 3051: 3669: 2119: 834:

The previous standards and its three published amendments are now incorporated into a superseding standard,

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Labeling of the port varied by manufacturer, with Sony using either its i.LINK trademark or the letters

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FireWire can be used for ad hoc (terminals only, no routers except where a FireWire hub is used)

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respectively). These different transfer modes are commonly referred to as S100, S200, and S400.

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While both technologies provide similar end results, there are fundamental differences between

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1394a also standardized the 4-conductor alpha connector developed by Sony and trademarked as

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IDB-1394 Customer Convenience Port (CCP) was the automotive version of the 1394 standard.

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The process of the bus deciding which node gets to transmit data at what time is known as

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unique identifier in addition to well-known codes indicating the type of device and the

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The 1394 digital link standard was conceived in 1986 by technologists at Apple Computer

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supports 100 metres (330 ft) at S100. The original 1394 and 1394a standards used

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Cable length is limited to 4.5 metres (14.8 ft), although up to 16 cables can be

735:. FireWire also supports multiple host controllers per bus. It is designed to support 6139: 6003: 5901: 5813: 5431: 5426: 5406: 5390: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5354: 5349: 5339: 5334: 4970: 4840: 4800: 4146: 3768: 3704: 3624: 3597: 3230: 3146: 3105: 3045: 2949: 2525: 2452: 2397: 2377: 2281: 2236: 2136: 1808: 1631: 1473:, which the target is supposed to use for moving I/O data to and from the initiator. 1347: 1298: 1202: 1193: 1066: 1051: 1004: 978: 947: 811: 549: 525: 440: 348: 318: 1430: 1426: 1418: 5974: 5865: 5324: 4990: 3879: 3616: 2369: 2228: 2128: 1800: 1770: 1391: 1227: 974: 720: 3436:"Tool Physically Hacks Windows — Security/Vulnerabilities — DarkReading" 2433: 1054:

as an additional transport medium to FireWire. The project was withdrawn in 2013.

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Yaghmour, Karim; Masters, Jon; Ben-Yossef, Gilad; Gerum, Philippe (2008-08-15).

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On many implementations, particularly those like PCs and Macs using the popular

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On December 4, 2004, Microsoft announced that it would discontinue support for

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real-time data transfer. It was developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s by

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began removing backwards compatibility with FireWire cables starting with the

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to FireWire in the Apple ecosystem. Apple's last products with FireWire, the

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A project named IEEE P1394d was formed by the IEEE on March 9, 2009 to add

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IEEE 1394b-2002 introduced FireWire 800 (Apple's name for the 9-conductor

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Requests for Waiver of Section 76.640(b)(4)(ii) of the Commission's Rules

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4-conductor (left) and 6-conductor (right) FireWire 400 alpha connectors

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1394b and later, full-duplex 800–3200 Mbit/s (100–400 MB/s)

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Apple intended FireWire to be a serial replacement for the parallel

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and later Windows releases. Microsoft rewrote their 1394 driver in

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set-top boxes to include IP-based interfaces in place of FireWire.

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IEEE Std 1394b-2002 High Performance Serial Bus — Amendment 2

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networking over the FireWire interface in all future versions of

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7 to provide support for higher speeds and alternative media.

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model for device configuration and identification, to provide

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assumed control of all HANA-generated intellectual property.

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The 1394 High Performance Serial Bus Trade Association (the

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IEEE Standard for a High Performance Serial Bus (Amendment)

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While USB 2.0 expanded into the fully backwards-compatible

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capability. All FireWire devices are identified by an IEEE

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meaning that information is transferred one bit at a time.

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1394a, half-duplex 100–400 Mbit/s (12.5–50 MB/s)

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as debugger. Under Linux, firescope and fireproxy exist.

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The 6-conductor and 4-conductor alpha FireWire 400 socket

337: 3568: 2117: 1301:. Consequently, support for this feature is absent from 2193: 2191: 1065:

Full support for IEEE 1394a and 1394b is available for

3033:. 2006-10-06. Archived from the original on 2006-10-06 2946:"FCC Douses FireWire Requirement For Set-Tops With IP" 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 536:

systems. Many users preferred it over the more common

1944:"MPEG LA - 1394 License Agreement Express (hardcopy)" 1600: 373: 297:

in cooperation with a number of companies, primarily

27:

Serial bus interface standard, also known as Firewire

3571:

Information technology—Serial Bus Protocol 3 (SBP-3)

3210:"Using IEEE 1394 (FireWire) Devices with Windows XP" 2188: 1413:

and IEEE 1394 to 30-pin connector cables were made.

3611:"IEEE Standard for a High-Performance Serial Bus". 2088: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2047: 1795:"IEEE Standard for a High-Performance Serial Bus". 1739: 1737: 1449:, all of which could only charge and sync via USB. 994: 2577:"IEEE-SA - Standards Board Approvals - March 2013" 1846: 1844: 1617: 1394:interface (citing speed and availability issues). 1188: 471: 3147:"UAVs leverage IEEE-1394b data buses for success" 3090:B.V., Richard Mourn, DAPTechnology (2013-02-05). 2728:"Notable Changes in Windows Vista Service Pack 1" 2598:"New developments in IEEE 1394 (a.k.a. FireWire)" 2201:. Developer.apple.com. 2008-04-28. Archived from 1277:include native support for IEEE 1394 networking. 913: 872: 6344: 2753:"Release Notes for Windows Vista Service Pack 1" 2077: 1734: 841: 309:(Apple), though other brand names exist such as 4022:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI) 2121:IEEE Standard for a High Performance Serial Bus 2025: 2023: 1841: 1528:An unsecured FireWire interface can be used to 30:"FireWire" redirects here. For other uses, see 1990:"IEEE 1394 - The Multimedia Bus of The Future" 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1257:include support for networking over FireWire. 1007:, which is specified in IEEE 802.3 clause 40 ( 6327:History of computing hardware (1960s–present) 5808: 5794: 4452: 3685: 3395:"How to Establish VGA to Firewire Connection" 2663:. linux-iscsi.org. 2012-07-21. Archived from 2526:"FireWire at 4Gbps-Impact on industrial apps" 1457:Devices on a FireWire bus can communicate by 751:FireWire devices implement the ISO/IEC 13213 3110:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2020: 1398:iPod and iPhone synchronization and charging 1179:High-Definition Audio-Video Network Alliance 3583:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2475:. DapTechnology. 2009-11-23. Archived from 2300:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2255:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2155:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1982: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1711: 1709: 1668: 1525:, which expose DMA to external components. 1172: 1060: 1022: 710: 486:first commercially available computer with 450:architecture for high-speed data transfer, 395:that contains four FireWire 400 connectors. 5801: 5787: 4459: 4445: 3692: 3678: 2896:"How-To: Mac OS X Firewire HDTV recording" 2499:"Steve Jobs explains why FireWire is dead" 2344:"CP3070 Principles of Data Communications" 2062:"IEEE 1394 (AKA 'FireWire' & 'iLink')" 1924: 1922: 1108: 564:. Companies holding IEEE 1394 IP formed a 343: 2337: 2335: 2313: 2311: 2111: 1386:IEEE 1394 interface is commonly found in 1009:gigabit Ethernet over copper twisted pair 829: 3655:1394 Standards Orientation, Introduction 3591: 2780:. Technet2.microsoft.com. Archived from 2755:. Technet2.microsoft.com. Archived from 2730:. Technet2.microsoft.com. Archived from 2390: 2274:IEEE p1394b Working Group (2002-12-14). 2223:IEEE p1394a Working Group (2000-06-30). 1783: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1706: 1660:. 1394 Trade Association. Archived from 1587: 1585: 1329:A/V camera. The system was designed for 917: 904: 555: 520:The system was commonly used to connect 386: 378: 363: 355: 347: 305:. It is most commonly known by the name 3231:"Discontinued Support for IP over 1394" 2523: 2118:IEEE p1394 Working Group (1996-08-30). 1919: 1829:"Apple Thunderbolt to FireWire Adapter" 1164: 14: 6345: 3547:. Ieee1394.wiki.kernel.org. 2009-11-07 3505:. blogs.msdn.microsoft.com. 2016-08-11 2642:. Ieee1394.wiki.kernel.org. 2009-08-22 2595: 2496: 2457:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2332: 2308: 1972:"BYLAWS OF THE 1394 TRADE ASSOCIATION" 1875: 1157: 1121: 1046:Future enhancements (including P1394d) 893:big drop in isochronous transmission. 5782: 4440: 3673: 3336:"libdc1394: IIDC/DCAM specifications" 3144: 2707:"Microsoft to support 1394b standard" 2357: 2341: 2267: 2216: 1757: 1582: 1221: 802:(D/S encoding). In D/S encoding, two 774:is equivalent to traversing the tree 505:Sony's implementation of the system, 78:(1394a/b), IEEE P1394 Working Group, 6332:List of pioneers in computer science 3573:. ANSI INCITS. ANSI INCITS 375-2004. 3089: 336:The 1394 interface is comparable to 3254:. Support.microsoft.com. 2007-11-28 3212:. Support.microsoft.com. 2007-12-01 3191:. Support.microsoft.com. 2007-01-27 2688:. Support.microsoft.com. 2006-06-01 1745:"IEEE Standard 1394a - Thunderbolt" 1630:. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. 70. 1480:, the mapping between the FireWire 1333:systems but is also used for other 403:(102 patents), Apple (58 patents), 87: 24: 4466: 3562: 3068:. Hanaalliance.org. Archived from 2893: 2321:. Iram.cs.berkeley.edu. 1997-12-17 1958:"Google Patent search "IEEE 1394"" 1902:"MPEG LA - 1394 License Agreement" 1768: 1452: 793: 289:for high-speed communications and 25: 6404: 3638: 3569:INCITS T10 Project 1467D (2004). 3416:"iPod nano: Charging the battery" 2926:Federal Communications Commission 2824:"Package: libraw1394-8 (1.3.0-4)" 2169: 1381: 1238:over the FireWire interface, and 922:A 9-conductor bilingual connector 4423: 4422: 3484:. docs.microsoft.com. 2017-05-23 995:FireWire S800T (IEEE 1394c-2006) 573:royalties are payable by users. 48: 3537: 3516: 3495: 3474: 3449: 3428: 3408: 3387: 3378: 3349: 3328: 3307: 3286: 3265: 3244: 3223: 3202: 3181: 3160: 3138: 3118: 3083: 3058: 3023: 3008:. Directron.com. Archived from 2998: 2962: 2938: 2909: 2887: 2856: 2836: 2816: 2795: 2770: 2745: 2720: 2699: 2678: 2653: 2632: 2611: 2589: 2569: 2539: 2517: 2490: 2465: 2415: 2163: 2000: 1992:. cablelabs.com. Archived from 1964: 1950: 1936: 1894: 1869: 1627:Building embedded Linux systems 1189:Military and aerospace vehicles 881:, quicker bus reconfiguration, 723:(as opposed to Parallel SCSI's 479: 475: 3315:"ubCore 1394 Firewire drivers" 3294:"1394 Bus Driver in Windows 7" 3168:"FreeBSD 7.1 fwip(4) man page" 2803:"1394 Bus Driver in Windows 7" 2619:"FreeBSD firewire(4) man page" 2497:Arthur, Charles (2008-10-17). 1876:Schmid, Patrick (2004-04-02). 1854:. Usb-ware.com. Archived from 1821: 914:FireWire 800 (IEEE 1394b-2002) 873:Improvements (IEEE 1394a-2000) 817: 814:for synchronization purposes. 715:FireWire can connect up to 63 544:. Results are marked on Apple 360:A 9-pin FireWire 800 connector 13: 1: 6322:History of computing hardware 4017:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect 3145:Mourn, Richard (2011-09-07). 2524:Henehan, Burke (2012-01-06). 1575: 842:FireWire 400 (IEEE 1394-1995) 517:to indicate speed in Mbit/s. 6190:Network interface controller 3995:Intel QuickPath Interconnect 3985:Direct Media Interface (DMI) 3621:10.1109/IEEESTD.2008.4659233 3594:FireWire System Architecture 2096:. Tindel.net. Archived from 1805:10.1109/IEEESTD.2008.4659233 1443:second generation iPod touch 7: 5987:Refreshable braille display 5929:Refreshable braille display 3665:IEEE 1394 connectors pinout 3361:Microsoft Developer Network 3296:. Microsoft.com. 2009-06-18 3233:. Microsoft.com. 2004-12-08 2805:. Microsoft.com. 2009-06-24 2661:"Linux Unified Target wiki" 2374:10.1109/IEEESTD.2006.371044 1878:"Go External: FireWire 800" 1852:"FireWire — USB Comparison" 1565:List of interface bit rates 1543: 1447:fourth generation iPod nano 1003:(Ethernet) connectors with 117:; 29 years ago 99:; 38 years ago 10: 6409: 5763:IEEE Standards Association 3980:Compute Express Link (CXL) 3661: (archived 2021-02-03) 3651: (archived 2019-03-28) 2596:Baxter, Les (2007-11-01). 2342:Haden, Rhys (2007-06-30). 2233:10.1109/IEEESTD.2000.91614 2133:10.1109/IEEESTD.1996.81049 1717:"MPEG LA - 1394 Licensors" 1419:first generation iPod nano 952:data/strobe (D/S) encoding 909:FireWire 800 port (center) 700:that reference IEEE 1394. 29: 6314: 6258: 6217: 6208: 6086: 6022: 5965: 5894: 5829: 5820: 5753: 5707: 5671: 5569: 5309: 5009: 4891: 4786: 4777: 4474: 4416: 4375: 4354: 4303: 4217:IEEE-1284 (parallel port) 4139: 4132:logical device interface) 4035: 3787: 3721: 3384:IEEE 1394a specification. 3170:. Freebsd.org. 2005-07-16 3050:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2621:. Freebsd.org. 2006-04-01 2199:"FireWire Developer Note" 719:in a tree or daisy-chain 262: 259: 254: 251: 246: 241: 238: 233: 230: 225: 220: 217: 212: 209: 204: 201: 196: 191: 186: 181: 176: 173: 168: 165: 160: 148: 145: 140: 137: 132: 129: 114: 111: 96: 93: 74: 71: 66: 59: 56: 47: 32:Firewire (disambiguation) 2031:"IEEE 1394 Architecture" 1407:iPod with Dock Connector 1173:Consumer audio and video 1061:Operating system support 1023:FireWire S1600 and S3200 711:Technical specifications 6096:Central processing unit 5768:Category:IEEE standards 3338:. Damien.douxchamps.net 3275:. Technet.microsoft.com 2036:. I/ONE. Archived from 1367:digital video recorders 1320: 1109:Cable TV system support 372:-style cabling used by 344:History and development 6388:Television terminology 6378:Personal area networks 6363:Computer storage buses 3779:List of bus bandwidths 3645:1394 Trade Association 3592:Anderson, Don (1999). 2553:. IEEE. Archived from 2402:1394 Trade Association 1560:Linux IEEE 1394 target 1497:space to the FireWire 1471:Physical Address Space 1405:released prior to the 1312:Earlier models of the 1183:1394 Trade Association 991:indicate data errors. 969:Beta mode is based on 923: 910: 879:asynchronous streaming 830:Standards and versions 396: 384: 376: 361: 353: 161:General specifications 3503:"KD 1394 Work-Around" 2640:"Linux FireWire wiki" 2094:"IEEE 1394 and Linux" 1499:physical memory space 1482:physical memory space 1467:Serial Bus Protocol 2 1463:physical memory space 1433:nanos as well as the 1423:fifth generation iPod 1354:used by some digital 1341: 1242:specifies how to run 1234:specifies how to run 921: 908: 885:, and a power-saving 727:topology). It allows 556:Patent considerations 390: 382: 367: 359: 351: 197:Yes, up to 63 devices 4222:IEEE-1394 (FireWire) 3960:PCI Extended (PCI-X) 3031:"IDB Forum Homepage" 2971:FireWire vs. USB 2.0 2008:"IEEE 1394 Tutorial" 1930:"MPEG LA - 1394 FAQ" 1459:direct memory access 1165:Consumer automobiles 1137:peer-to-peer network 883:packet concatenation 800:Data/Strobe encoding 522:data storage devices 480:IEEE Std. 1394c-2006 476:IEEE Std. 1394b-2002 472:IEEE Std. 1394a-2000 6373:Macintosh internals 6358:Computer connectors 4063:Parallel ATA (PATA) 3613:IEEE STD. 1394-2008 2366:IEEE STD 1394c-2006 1797:IEEE STD. 1394-2008 1771:"What is Firewire?" 1769:Teener, Michael J. 1658:"What Is FireWire?" 1275:Windows Server 2003 1196:Aerospace standard 1158:Common applications 1122:Comparison with USB 689:Samsung Electronics 562:patent infringement 548:but more varied on 496:Thunderbolt Display 492:spiritual successor 478:amendment, and the 44: 3970:PCI Express (PCIe) 3596:. MindShare, Inc. 3526:. LKML. 2006-04-04 2557:on January 8, 2013 1570:Pin control attack 1222:General networking 1177:IEEE 1394 was the 924: 911: 804:non-return-to-zero 534:professional audio 437:STMicroelectronics 407:(46 patents), and 397: 385: 377: 362: 354: 283:interface standard 169:4.5 meters maximum 146:Superseded by 67:Production history 39: 6340: 6339: 6310: 6309: 6240:Analog audio jack 5961: 5960: 5776: 5775: 5667: 5666: 4434: 4433: 4420: 4147:Apple Desktop Bus 4124:PCI Express (via 4083:Serial ATA (SATA) 3769:Network on a chip 3630:978-0-7381-5771-9 2950:Multichannel News 2383:978-0-7381-5237-0 2319:"Encoder/Decoder" 1814:978-0-7381-5771-9 1637:978-0-596-52968-0 1299:Microsoft Windows 1228:computer networks 1203:F-35 Lightning II 1067:Microsoft Windows 1052:single-mode fiber 1005:Category 5e cable 979:Running Disparity 948:category 5e cable 812:phase-locked loop 697: 696: 550:Microsoft Windows 498:and 2012 13-inch 441:Texas Instruments 319:Texas Instruments 276: 275: 156:for consumer use) 115:January 1995 16:(Redirected from 6400: 6215: 6214: 5866:Optical trackpad 5831:Pointing devices 5827: 5826: 5803: 5796: 5789: 5780: 5779: 4784: 4783: 4461: 4454: 4447: 4438: 4437: 4426: 4425: 4418: 3880:HP Precision Bus 3694: 3687: 3680: 3671: 3670: 3634: 3607: 3588: 3582: 3574: 3556: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3510: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3489: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3443: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3412: 3406: 3405: 3403: 3402: 3391: 3385: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3372: 3363:. 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Archived from 1589: 1431:third generation 1392:Gigabit Ethernet 1350:) is a standard 1230:. Specifically, 975:Gigabit Ethernet 587: 586: 368:The alternative 125: 123: 118: 107: 105: 100: 52: 45: 38: 21: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6402: 6401: 6399: 6398: 6397: 6343: 6342: 6341: 6336: 6306: 6254: 6204: 6082: 6076:USB flash drive 6025: 6018: 5957: 5890: 5844:Game controller 5839:Graphics tablet 5816: 5807: 5777: 5772: 5749: 5703: 5663: 5565: 5313: 5305: 5013: 5005: 4887: 4773: 4470: 4465: 4435: 4430: 4421: 4412: 4371: 4350: 4299: 4212:IEEE-488 (GPIB) 4135: 4031: 4010:Infinity Fabric 3840:Europe Card Bus 3783: 3717: 3698: 3659:Wayback Machine 3649:Wayback Machine 3641: 3631: 3610: 3604: 3576: 3575: 3565: 3563:Further reading 3560: 3559: 3550: 3548: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3529: 3527: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3508: 3506: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3487: 3485: 3480: 3479: 3475: 3466: 3464: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3441: 3439: 3434: 3433: 3429: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3400: 3398: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3383: 3379: 3370: 3368: 3357:"AV/C Overview" 3355: 3354: 3350: 3341: 3339: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3320: 3318: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3299: 3297: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3278: 3276: 3271: 3270: 3266: 3257: 3255: 3250: 3249: 3245: 3236: 3234: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3215: 3213: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3194: 3192: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3173: 3171: 3166: 3165: 3161: 3152: 3150: 3143: 3139: 3130: 3128: 3124: 3123: 3119: 3103: 3102: 3096: 3094: 3088: 3084: 3075: 3073: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3043: 3042: 3036: 3034: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3015: 3013: 3006:"firewirevsusb" 3004: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2952: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2931: 2929: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2901: 2899: 2892: 2888: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2848: 2846: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2828: 2826: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2808: 2806: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2787: 2785: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2762: 2760: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2737: 2735: 2726: 2725: 2721: 2712: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2700: 2691: 2689: 2684: 2683: 2679: 2670: 2668: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2645: 2643: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2624: 2622: 2617: 2616: 2612: 2603: 2601: 2594: 2590: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2560: 2558: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2531: 2529: 2522: 2518: 2509: 2507: 2504:TheGuardian.com 2495: 2491: 2482: 2480: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2450: 2449: 2442: 2440: 2439:on 6 March 2016 2436: 2425: 2423:"Archived copy" 2421: 2420: 2416: 2407: 2405: 2396: 2395: 2391: 2384: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2349: 2347: 2346:. Rhyshaden.com 2340: 2333: 2324: 2322: 2317: 2316: 2309: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2272: 2268: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2221: 2217: 2208: 2206: 2205:on May 18, 2009 2197: 2196: 2189: 2180: 2178: 2168: 2164: 2148: 2147: 2143: 2124: 2116: 2112: 2103: 2101: 2092: 2091: 2078: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2048: 2040: 2033: 2029: 2028: 2021: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2005: 2001: 1988: 1987: 1983: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1928: 1927: 1920: 1911: 1909: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1886: 1884: 1874: 1870: 1861: 1859: 1850: 1849: 1842: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1815: 1794: 1793: 1784: 1775: 1773: 1767: 1758: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1735: 1726: 1724: 1715: 1714: 1707: 1698: 1696: 1692: 1685: 1681: 1680: 1669: 1656: 1655: 1651: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1622: 1618: 1606: 1604: 1591: 1590: 1583: 1578: 1546: 1534:Windows Insider 1507:Sun workstation 1455: 1453:Security issues 1400: 1384: 1346:Digital Video ( 1344: 1335:computer vision 1323: 1290:communication. 1224: 1191: 1175: 1167: 1160: 1124: 1111: 1083:macOS 14 Sonoma 1063: 1048: 1025: 997: 962:referred to as 954:, now known as 916: 875: 844: 832: 820: 796: 794:Encoding scheme 713: 558: 474:amendment, the 446:IEEE 1394 is a 346: 272: 121: 119: 116: 103: 101: 98: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6406: 6396: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6368:IEEE standards 6365: 6360: 6355: 6353:Computer buses 6338: 6337: 6335: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6318: 6316: 6312: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6305: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6260: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6221: 6219: 6212: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6200:Expansion card 6197: 6192: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6180: 6170: 6169: 6168: 6158: 6157: 6156: 6151: 6137: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6120: 6110: 6105: 6104: 6103: 6101:Microprocessor 6092: 6090: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6079: 6078: 6073: 6063: 6062: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6041: 6036: 6030: 6028: 6020: 6019: 6017: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 6000: 5999: 5989: 5984: 5983: 5982: 5971: 5969: 5967:Output devices 5963: 5962: 5959: 5958: 5956: 5955: 5954: 5953: 5943: 5942: 5941: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5920: 5919: 5909: 5904: 5898: 5896: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5871:Pointing stick 5868: 5863: 5862: 5861: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5835: 5833: 5824: 5818: 5817: 5806: 5805: 5798: 5791: 5783: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5711: 5709: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5675: 5673: 5669: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5575: 5573: 5567: 5566: 5564: 5563: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5542: 5539: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5505: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5464: 5454: 5442: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5321: 5319: 5307: 5306: 5304: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5151: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5021: 5019: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4897: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4854: 4853: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4790: 4781: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4505: 4504: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4478: 4476: 4472: 4471: 4468:IEEE standards 4464: 4463: 4456: 4449: 4441: 4432: 4431: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4411: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4390: 4385: 4379: 4377: 4373: 4372: 4370: 4369: 4364: 4358: 4356: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4323: 4321:Intel HD Audio 4318: 4313: 4311:ADAT Lightpipe 4307: 4305: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4143: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4095: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4039: 4037: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4005:HyperTransport 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3759:Bus contention 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3734:Front-side bus 3731: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3718: 3715:computer buses 3697: 3696: 3689: 3682: 3674: 3668: 3667: 3662: 3652: 3640: 3639:External links 3637: 3636: 3635: 3629: 3615:. 2008-10-21. 3608: 3602: 3589: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3536: 3515: 3494: 3473: 3448: 3427: 3407: 3386: 3377: 3348: 3327: 3317:. Unibrain.com 3306: 3285: 3264: 3243: 3222: 3201: 3180: 3159: 3137: 3117: 3082: 3057: 3022: 2997: 2961: 2937: 2908: 2886: 2855: 2835: 2815: 2794: 2769: 2744: 2719: 2698: 2677: 2652: 2631: 2610: 2588: 2568: 2551:IEEE Standards 2538: 2516: 2489: 2464: 2414: 2389: 2382: 2368:. 2007-06-08. 2356: 2331: 2307: 2286: 2266: 2241: 2215: 2187: 2172:"Firewire Bus" 2170:Davis, Larry. 2162: 2141: 2110: 2076: 2046: 2043:on 2007-01-07. 2019: 1999: 1996:on 2011-09-27. 1981: 1978:on 2011-11-04. 1963: 1949: 1935: 1918: 1893: 1882:Tom's Hardware 1868: 1840: 1820: 1813: 1799:. 2008-10-21. 1782: 1756: 1733: 1705: 1667: 1664:on 2014-04-04. 1649: 1636: 1616: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1545: 1542: 1495:virtual memory 1454: 1451: 1411:dock connector 1399: 1396: 1388:frame grabbers 1383: 1382:Frame grabbers 1380: 1343: 1340: 1331:machine vision 1322: 1319: 1288:point-to-point 1223: 1220: 1190: 1187: 1174: 1171: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1123: 1120: 1110: 1107: 1062: 1059: 1047: 1044: 1024: 1021: 996: 993: 928:S800 bilingual 915: 912: 874: 871: 843: 840: 836:IEEE 1394-2008 831: 828: 819: 816: 798:FireWire uses 795: 792: 778:, post-order. 753:configuration 725:electrical bus 712: 709: 695: 694: 691: 685: 684: 681: 675: 674: 671: 665: 664: 661: 655: 654: 651: 645: 644: 641: 639:LG Electronics 635: 634: 631: 625: 624: 621: 615: 614: 611: 605: 604: 601: 595: 594: 593:Total patents 591: 557: 554: 530:machine vision 462:applications. 413:LG Electronics 393:expansion card 345: 342: 274: 273: 271: 270: 267: 263: 261: 257: 256: 253: 249: 248: 244: 243: 240: 236: 235: 232: 228: 227: 223: 222: 219: 215: 214: 211: 207: 206: 203: 199: 198: 195: 189: 188: 185: 179: 178: 175: 171: 170: 167: 163: 162: 158: 157: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 113: 109: 108: 95: 91: 90: 73: 69: 68: 64: 63: 58: 54: 53: 43:1394 Interface 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6405: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6313: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6272:Parallel port 6270: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6257: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6175: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6164: 6163: 6162: 6159: 6155: 6152: 6149: 6145: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6131: 6128: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6115: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6097: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6088:Computer case 6085: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6067: 6064: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6014:Graphics card 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5981: 5978: 5977: 5976: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5964: 5952: 5949: 5948: 5947: 5944: 5940: 5937: 5936: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5918: 5915: 5914: 5913: 5912:Graphics card 5910: 5908: 5907:Image scanner 5905: 5903: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5893: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5822:Input devices 5819: 5815: 5812: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5792: 5790: 5785: 5784: 5781: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5752: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5670: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5604: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5584: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5568: 5561: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5549: 5546: 5543: 5540: 5537: 5533: 5532: 5528: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5499: 5498: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5465: 5462: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5393: 5392: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5312: 5308: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5102: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4852: 4851:WiMAX · d · e 4849: 4848: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4503: 4500: 4499: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4462: 4457: 4455: 4450: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4439: 4429: 4415: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4398: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4383:Multidrop bus 4381: 4380: 4378: 4374: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4302: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4290:External PCIe 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4270:Parallel SCSI 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4162:Commodore bus 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4110:Fibre Channel 4108: 4106: 4103: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4007: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3774:Plug and play 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3764:Bus mastering 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3739:Back-side bus 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3713: 3709: 3707: 3702: 3695: 3690: 3688: 3683: 3681: 3676: 3675: 3672: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3632: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3605: 3603:0-201-48535-4 3599: 3595: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3572: 3567: 3566: 3546: 3540: 3525: 3519: 3504: 3498: 3483: 3477: 3462: 3458: 3452: 3438:. DarkReading 3437: 3431: 3417: 3411: 3397:. Epiphan.com 3396: 3390: 3381: 3367:on 2009-05-26 3366: 3362: 3358: 3352: 3337: 3331: 3316: 3310: 3295: 3289: 3274: 3268: 3253: 3247: 3232: 3226: 3211: 3205: 3190: 3184: 3169: 3163: 3148: 3141: 3127: 3121: 3113: 3107: 3093: 3086: 3072:on 2010-01-29 3071: 3067: 3061: 3053: 3047: 3032: 3026: 3012:on 2012-09-04 3011: 3007: 3001: 2988:on 2010-10-11 2984: 2980: 2973: 2972: 2965: 2951: 2947: 2941: 2927: 2920: 2919: 2912: 2897: 2890: 2876:on 2010-05-27 2872: 2865: 2859: 2845: 2839: 2825: 2819: 2804: 2798: 2784:on 2008-05-11 2783: 2779: 2773: 2759:on 2008-04-30 2758: 2754: 2748: 2734:on 2008-05-17 2733: 2729: 2723: 2709:. EETimes.com 2708: 2702: 2687: 2681: 2667:on 2008-11-18 2666: 2662: 2656: 2641: 2635: 2620: 2614: 2599: 2592: 2578: 2572: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2542: 2527: 2520: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2493: 2479:on 2012-05-17 2478: 2474: 2468: 2460: 2454: 2435: 2431: 2424: 2418: 2403: 2399: 2393: 2385: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2360: 2345: 2338: 2336: 2320: 2314: 2312: 2303: 2297: 2289: 2287:0-7381-3253-5 2283: 2279: 2278: 2270: 2263: 2258: 2252: 2244: 2242:0-7381-1958-X 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2219: 2204: 2200: 2194: 2192: 2177: 2173: 2166: 2158: 2152: 2144: 2142:1-55937-583-3 2138: 2134: 2130: 2123: 2122: 2114: 2100:on 2012-04-26 2099: 2095: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2063: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2039: 2032: 2026: 2024: 2009: 2003: 1995: 1991: 1985: 1977: 1973: 1967: 1959: 1953: 1945: 1939: 1931: 1925: 1923: 1908:on 2017-10-08 1907: 1903: 1897: 1883: 1879: 1872: 1858:on 2007-03-16 1857: 1853: 1847: 1845: 1830: 1824: 1816: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1772: 1765: 1763: 1761: 1746: 1740: 1738: 1723:on 2019-07-11 1722: 1718: 1712: 1710: 1695:on 2024-04-09 1691: 1684: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1663: 1659: 1653: 1639: 1633: 1629: 1628: 1620: 1613: 1603:on 2017-02-09 1602: 1598: 1594: 1588: 1586: 1581: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1483: 1479: 1474: 1472: 1468: 1465:. The SBP-2 ( 1464: 1460: 1450: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1379: 1375: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1339: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1318: 1315: 1314:PlayStation 2 1310: 1308: 1304: 1303:Windows Vista 1300: 1296: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1219: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1195: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1170: 1162: 1155: 1153: 1149: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1129: 1119: 1116: 1106: 1102: 1099: 1098:Windows Vista 1095: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1043: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1031: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 992: 990: 985: 980: 976: 972: 967: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 944: 942: 938: 933: 929: 920: 907: 903: 901: 900: 894: 890: 888: 884: 880: 870: 866: 863: 862:daisy chained 858: 856: 852: 849: 839: 837: 827: 825: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 791: 789: 784: 779: 777: 771: 770:it supports. 769: 765: 761: 760:plug-and-play 757: 756: 749: 746: 745:parallel SCSI 742: 738: 737:plug and play 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 708: 706: 701: 692: 690: 687: 686: 682: 680: 677: 676: 672: 670: 667: 666: 662: 660: 657: 656: 652: 650: 647: 646: 642: 640: 637: 636: 632: 630: 627: 626: 622: 620: 617: 616: 612: 610: 607: 606: 602: 600: 597: 596: 592: 589: 588: 585: 583: 579: 574: 571: 567: 563: 553: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 518: 516: 512: 508: 503: 501: 497: 493: 489: 483: 481: 477: 473: 468: 463: 461: 457: 453: 449: 444: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 394: 389: 381: 375: 371: 366: 358: 350: 341: 339: 334: 332: 331:optical fiber 328: 322: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 268: 265: 264: 258: 250: 245: 237: 229: 224: 216: 208: 200: 194: 190: 184: 183:Hot pluggable 180: 172: 164: 159: 155: 151: 144: 136: 128: 110: 92: 89: 85: 81: 77: 70: 65: 62: 55: 51: 46: 42: 37: 33: 19: 6393:Video signal 6383:Serial buses 6265: 6178:Power MOSFET 6161:Power supply 6130:Data storage 6066:Flash memory 6044:Optical disc 6026:data storage 5757: 5553: 5529: 5495: 5444: 5389: 5153: 5126: 5099: 4583: 4221: 3915:TURBOchannel 3705: 3612: 3593: 3570: 3549:. 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