637:(gHAT) Recently, a study of the safety and efficacy of oral fexinidazole in children with gambiense human African trypanosomiasis was accomplished and concluded that orally administered fexinidazole showed high efficacy across all stages of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis infection in children aged 6 years and older and weighing more than 20 kg. The benefit-to-risk ratio of fexinidazole for treating children with gambiense human African trypanosomiasis, regardless of disease stage, is positive. Current interventions for diagnosing, staging, and treating gambiense human African trypanosomiasis require resources, trained personnel, equipment, and hospital infrastructure. These potentially costly procedures are therefore difficult to implement in remote areas or in those that might be mired in conflict, which could prevent the goal of eliminating gambiense human African trypanosomiasis by 2030.
794:
379:
356:
31:
2385:
1715:
655:
FEX-SEDDS had a size of 97±1 and 106±9 nm, respectively. The FEX retention in droplets after SEDDS dilution in simulated gastrointestinal media was almost 100%. Antileishmanial efficacy studies showed that FEX-SEDDS was the only treatment able to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce the parasite burden in the liver and spleen of animals experimentally infected with
644:(currently in clinical trials) that can cure both disease stages of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis and circumvent the need for systematic disease staging with lumbar puncture (a procedure associated with complications and anxiety, particularly in children28) would benefit both patients and health-care professionals Furthermore, Damasio
632:
demonstrated that oral fexinidazole is safe and effective for use against first- and early second-stage sleeping sickness. Based on the positive opinion issued by the
European Medicines Agency in 2018, the WHO has released new interim guidelines for the treatment of HAT including fexinidazole as the
654:
oral efficacy of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing fexinidazole in the experimental treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The developed FEX-SEDDS formulation presented as a clear, yellowish liquid without precipitate. In the simulated gastric and intestinal media, the
628:. In the mouse model, fexinidazole cures both the first, hemolymphatic, and the second, meningoencephalitic stage of the infection, the latter at 100 mg/kg twice daily for 5 days. In patients, the clinical trials managed by DNDi and supported by Swiss TPH mainly conducted in the
1519:
Damasio DS, Antunes PA, Lages EB, Morais-Teixeira E, Vital KD, Cardoso VN, et al. (January 2023). "A new oral self-emulsifying drug delivery system improves the antileishmania efficacy of fexinidazole in vivo".
728:
human
African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in December 2018. Fexinidazole was included in the 'role of honour' in Préscrire magazine's 2020 prize list.
1047:
1008:
793:
1827:
McInturff EL, France SP, Leverett CA, Flick AC, Lindsey EA, Berritt S, et al. (August 2023). "Synthetic
Approaches to the New Drugs Approved During 2021".
2430:
104:
1787:
1472:"Safety and efficacy of oral fexinidazole in children with gambiense human African trypanosomiasis: a multicentre, single-arm, open-label, phase 2-3 trial"
1394:
906:"A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Trial of Oral Fexinidazole in Adults With Chronic Indeterminate Chagas Disease"
1907:
1196:"Oral fexinidazole for late-stage African Trypanosoma brucei gambiense trypanosomiasis: a pivotal multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial"
451:
1984:
1058:
2202:
465:
1019:
874:
1732:
820:
2132:
717:
576:
1423:
Kennedy PG (February 2013). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human
African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)".
845:
1470:
Kande Betu Kumesu V, Mutombo
Kalonji W, Bardonneau C, Valverde Mordt O, Ngolo Tete D, Blesson S, et al. (November 2022).
2339:
1900:
1245:"Fexinidazole--a new oral nitroimidazole drug candidate entering clinical development for the treatment of sleeping sickness"
572:
564:
family of medications. It is believed to work by turning on certain enzymes within the parasites that result in their death.
1296:"Antitrypanosomal activity of fexinidazole, a new oral nitroimidazole drug candidate for treatment of sleeping sickness"
79:
1700:
1096:
485:
2356:
1893:
629:
596:
A trial in Africa found fexinidazole to be 91% effective at treating sleeping sickness. Though less effective than
1243:
Torreele E, Bourdin Trunz B, Tweats D, Kaiser M, Brun R, Mazué G, et al. (December 2010). Boelaert M (ed.).
167:
134:
60:
607:
Fexinidazole is the first drug candidate for the treatment of advanced-stage sleeping sickness in thirty years.
1760:
737:
1813:
2405:
536:
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headache, and trouble sleeping. Other side effects may include
1788:"Fexinidazole, the first all-oral treatment for sleeping sickness, approved in Democratic Republic of Congo"
1395:"Fexinidazole, the first all-oral treatment for sleeping sickness, approved in Democratic Republic of Congo"
1954:
1694:
697:
521:
374:
275:
324:
530:
335:
2410:
2375:
1885:
1345:"Fexinidazole for Human African Trypanosomiasis, the Fruit of a Successful Public-Private Partnership"
1140:
1112:
721:
568:
351:
2415:
525:. It is effective against both first and second stage disease. Also a potential new treatment for
2344:
1665:
1614:"Cross-resistance to nitro drugs and implications for treatment of human African trypanosomiasis"
1563:
Wyllie S, Patterson S, Stojanovski L, Simeons FR, Norval S, Kime R, et al. (February 2012).
516:
90:
2420:
2300:
2082:
882:
2435:
2239:
2090:
2086:
1194:
Mesu VK, Kalonji WM, Bardonneau C, Mordt OV, Blesson S, Simon F, et al. (January 2018).
1084:
545:
1874:
1565:"The anti-trypanosome drug fexinidazole shows potential for treating visceral leishmaniasis"
2270:
2000:
284:
264:
199:
493:
InChI=1S/C12H13N3O3S/c1-14-11(13-7-12(14)15(16)17)8-18-9-3-5-10(19-2)6-4-9/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3
8:
2425:
2140:
2121:
2071:
2026:
904:
Torrico F, GascĂłn J, Ortiz L, Pinto J, Rojas G, Palacios A, et al. (February 2023).
657:
378:
355:
190:
97:
1469:
2063:
1945:
1852:
1765:
1670:
1638:
1613:
1589:
1564:
1545:
1496:
1471:
1452:
1371:
1344:
1320:
1295:
1271:
1244:
1225:
981:
930:
905:
640:
Simplified oral treatments such as fexinidazole or single-dose oral treatments such as
624:
1487:
1440:
1212:
1195:
2107:
1856:
1844:
1756:
1661:
1643:
1594:
1549:
1537:
1501:
1444:
1376:
1325:
1276:
1217:
1092:
973:
935:
781:
761:
757:
149:
1820:
1229:
985:
633:
new therapy for first-stage and non-severe second-stage sleeping sickness caused by
1836:
1633:
1625:
1584:
1576:
1529:
1491:
1483:
1456:
1436:
1366:
1356:
1315:
1307:
1266:
1256:
1207:
1148:
1120:
965:
925:
917:
749:
391:
117:
1533:
1168:
797:
Synthetic pathway of fexinidzaole, adapted from Scheme 3 of McInturff et al. 2023.
224:
2389:
2224:
2168:
1840:
1580:
1261:
567:
Fexinidazole was first described in 1978. It was given a positive opinion by the
537:
1287:
2350:
2278:
2247:
2176:
2144:
2075:
2034:
2011:
1976:
1294:
Kaiser M, Bray MA, Cal M, Bourdin Trunz B, Torreele E, Brun R (December 2011).
785:
753:
724:
in 2018, for use in non-European markets. It was approved for the treatment of
604:
in severe disease, fexinidazole has the benefit that it can be taken by mouth.
583:. Fexinidazole was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2021.
561:
553:
526:
1612:
Sokolova AY, Wyllie S, Patterson S, Oza SL, Read KD, Fairlamb AH (July 2010).
969:
2399:
2282:
2255:
2190:
2180:
1936:
1916:
1719:
1361:
1145:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021)
557:
367:
22:
1685:
2306:
2296:
2216:
2206:
2038:
1966:
1927:
1848:
1647:
1598:
1541:
1505:
1448:
1380:
1329:
1280:
1221:
1117:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019
977:
939:
765:
601:
112:
921:
2320:
2310:
2287:
2251:
2194:
2111:
2101:
2097:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1629:
1311:
701:
641:
1814:"Fexinidazole Winthrop° (fexinidazole) : au Tableau d'Honneur 2020"
1153:
1125:
1085:"Antileishmanial Drug Discovery: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives"
244:
2259:
2228:
2212:
2184:
2048:
2044:
1915:
690:
597:
512:
427:
255:
2159:
1972:
1962:
674:
549:
541:
210:
1686:
Advancing Health
Through Innovation: New Drug Therapy Approvals 2021
2316:
2117:
1923:
1920:
1432:
769:
693:, but its development as a pharmaceutical was halted in the 1980s.
304:
235:
74:
1518:
764:. They also found no toxicity in any of them, including a lack of
450:
2004:
1718:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1562:
1242:
956:
Deeks ED (February 2019). "Fexinidazole: First Global
Approval".
689:
Fexinidazole was discovered by the German pharmaceutical company
678:
650:
533:
that affects millions of people worldwide. It is taken by mouth.
1761:"Rapid Cure Approved for Sleeping Sickness, a Horrific Illness"
1678:
713:
580:
315:
30:
441:
1826:
340:
616:
295:
1611:
1293:
1193:
1139:
1111:
1342:
1129:. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
1343:
Bernhard S, Kaiser M, Burri C, Mäser P (October 2022).
903:
573:
575:. Development for sleeping sickness was funded by the
2373:
838:
1835:(15). American Chemical Society (ACS): 10150–10201.
1666:"Jump-Start on Slow Trek to Treatment for a Disease"
1306:(12). American Society for Microbiology: 5602–5608.
815:
813:
1733:"CHMP Summary of Opinion - Fexinidazole Winthrop"
720:(DNDi), received a positive endorsement from the
2397:
223:
1418:
1416:
810:
198:
1792:Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi)
1399:Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi)
2431:World Health Organization essential medicines
1901:
869:
867:
669:The biologically relevant active metabolites
1413:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
78:
1908:
1894:
1091:. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 30.
864:
744:. found the drug to be effective against
377:
354:
263:
29:
1755:
1660:
1637:
1588:
1495:
1370:
1360:
1319:
1270:
1260:
1211:
1152:
1124:
992:
951:
949:
929:
700:granted the application for fexinidazole
283:
1605:
1042:
1040:
1422:
1161:
1133:
1082:
718:Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative
577:Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative
350:
243:
2398:
1556:
1522:International Journal of Pharmaceutics
1105:
1009:"Fexinidazole Winthrop (fexinidazole)"
946:
707:
664:
610:
368:
1889:
1618:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
1300:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
1147:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1119:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1037:
955:
615:In cell culture, fexinidazole has an
323:
143:
69:
1881:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1703:from the original on 6 December 2022
716:-Aventis product developed with the
591:
116:
852:. U.S. National Library of Medicine
303:
214:
13:
821:"Fexinidazole: FDA-Approved Drugs"
792:
14:
2447:
1867:
881:. 22 January 2019. Archived from
825:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
731:
2383:
1713:
1249:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
1089:Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis
875:"Fexinidazole Winthrop H-W-2320"
630:Democratic Republic of the Congo
556:is safe. Fexinidazole is in the
408:
402:
16:Oral anti-parasitic medical drug
1806:
1780:
1749:
1725:
1654:
1512:
1463:
1387:
1336:
1236:
1187:
498:Key:MIWWSGDADVMLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
1829:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
1569:Science Translational Medicine
1076:
897:
738:African animal trypanosomiasis
586:
548:. It is unclear if use during
519:(sleeping sickness) caused by
420:
414:
396:
1:
1534:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122505
1488:10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00338-2
1441:10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70296-x
1213:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32758-7
803:
736:Fexinidazole is promising in
1841:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00501
1695:Food and Drug Administration
1581:10.1126/scitranslmed.3003326
1262:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000923
1087:. In Gil C, Rivas L (eds.).
910:Clinical Infectious Diseases
775:
726:Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
698:Food and Drug Administration
635:Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
522:Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
473:(=O)c1cnc(n1C)COc2ccc(SC)cc2
7:
10:
2452:
1157:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
684:
531:neglected tropical disease
386:Chemical and physical data
2334:
2269:
2238:
2167:
2158:
2131:
2062:
2025:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1476:The Lancet. Global Health
1141:World Health Organization
1113:World Health Organization
970:10.1007/s40265-019-1051-6
879:European Medicines Agency
722:European Medicines Agency
712:Fexinidazole Winthrop, a
622:of around 1–4 μM against
569:European Medicines Agency
481:
461:
439:
426:
390:
385:
366:
334:
314:
294:
274:
254:
234:
209:
189:
163:
158:
133:
128:
103:
89:
59:
42:
37:
28:
1362:10.3390/diseases10040090
2083:Pentavalent antimonials
1955:African trypanosomiasis
1879:Drug Information Portal
1699:(Report). 13 May 2022.
1048:"Fexinidazole Winthrop"
517:African trypanosomiasis
798:
784:in several steps from
579:in collaboration with
571:in 2018. It is on the
2091:Sodium stibogluconate
2087:Meglumine antimoniate
1425:The Lancet. Neurology
1169:"Fexinidazole – DNDi"
846:"Fexinidazole tablet"
796:
546:low white blood cells
49:Fexinidazole Winthrop
2406:Antiparasitic agents
2001:naphthalenesulfonate
1759:(16 November 2018).
1630:10.1128/AAC.00332-10
1312:10.1128/aac.00246-11
780:Fexinidazole can be
1482:(11): e1665–e1674.
1083:Mowbray CE (2017).
1064:on 12 November 2019
922:10.1093/cid/ciac579
708:Society and culture
665:Mechanism of action
658:Leishmania infantum
611:Efficacy and safety
25:
2361:Never to phase III
1766:The New York Times
1671:The New York Times
1664:(8 January 2008).
1206:(10116): 144–154.
1175:. 31 December 2004
916:(3): e1186–e1194.
885:on 18 January 2021
799:
625:Trypanosoma brucei
21:
2411:German inventions
2371:
2370:
2330:
2329:
2154:
2153:
2108:phosphorylcholine
2058:
2057:
1794:. 29 January 2019
1401:. 29 January 2019
1025:on 2 January 2021
592:Sleeping sickness
506:
505:
452:Interactive image
336:CompTox Dashboard
177:methyl}-5-nitro-1
147:
72:
2443:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2165:
2164:
1951:
1950:
1942:
1941:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1861:
1860:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1737:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1690:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1624:(7): 2893–2900.
1609:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1323:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1215:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1063:
1057:. Archived from
1052:
1044:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1024:
1018:. Archived from
1013:
1005:
990:
989:
953:
944:
943:
933:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
871:
862:
861:
859:
857:
842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
817:
648:. evaluated the
454:
434:
422:
416:
410:
404:
398:
381:
370:
359:
358:
344:
342:
327:
307:
287:
267:
247:
227:
217:
216:
202:
176:
145:
142:
120:
82:
71:
68:
33:
26:
24:
20:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2416:Nitroimidazoles
2396:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2374:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2351:Clinical trials
2326:
2291:
2271:Dientamoebiasis
2265:
2234:
2150:
2127:
2054:
2021:
2008:
1946:Trypanosomiasis
1931:
1914:
1873:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1825:
1821:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1754:
1750:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1714:
1706:
1704:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1659:
1655:
1610:
1606:
1575:(119): 119re1.
1561:
1557:
1517:
1513:
1468:
1464:
1421:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1341:
1337:
1292:
1288:
1241:
1237:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1138:
1134:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1081:
1077:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1011:
1007:
1006:
993:
954:
947:
902:
898:
888:
886:
873:
872:
865:
855:
853:
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
819:
818:
811:
806:
778:
746:T. b. gambiense
734:
710:
687:
667:
620:
613:
594:
589:
538:QT prolongation
502:
499:
494:
489:
488:
477:
474:
469:
468:
457:
432:
419:
413:
407:
401:
362:
338:
330:
310:
290:
270:
250:
230:
213:
205:
185:
182:
171:
170:
154:
124:
92:
85:
55:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2449:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2393:
2392:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2314:
2304:
2293:
2292:
2285:
2279:nitroimidazole
2275:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2248:nitroimidazole
2244:
2242:
2240:Trichomoniasis
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2221:
2220:
2210:
2199:
2198:
2188:
2177:nitroimidazole
2173:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2145:Amphotericin B
2137:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2115:
2105:
2080:
2079:
2076:Amphotericin B
2068:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2042:
2035:nitroimidazole
2031:
2029:
2027:Chagas disease
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2012:nitroimidazole
2009:
1998:
1988:
1970:
1959:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1917:Antiparasitics
1913:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1875:"Fexinidazole"
1869:
1868:External links
1866:
1863:
1862:
1819:
1805:
1779:
1748:
1724:
1677:
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1555:
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1335:
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964:(2): 215–220.
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786:nitroimidazole
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772:mutagenicity.
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732:Veterinary use
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562:nitroimidazole
554:breast feeding
527:Chagas disease
515:used to treat
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369:ECHA InfoCard
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325:ChEMBL1631694
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38:Clinical data
36:
32:
27:
19:
2436:Orphan drugs
2307:tetracycline
2297:oxyquinoline
2217:Furazolidone
2207:Nitazoxanide
2081:
2039:Benznidazole
2016:Fexinidazole
2015:
1985:Tryparsamide
1967:Eflornithine
1919:directed at
1878:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1808:
1796:. Retrieved
1791:
1782:
1770:. Retrieved
1764:
1751:
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1727:
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1692:
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1398:
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1173:www.dndi.org
1172:
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1144:
1135:
1126:10665/325771
1116:
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1078:
1066:. Retrieved
1059:the original
1054:
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1020:the original
1015:
961:
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909:
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887:. Retrieved
883:the original
878:
854:. Retrieved
849:
840:
828:. Retrieved
824:
779:
766:mutagenicity
745:
741:
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711:
695:
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634:
623:
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606:
602:eflornithine
595:
566:
535:
520:
509:Fexinidazole
508:
507:
178:
175:1-Methyl-2-{
135:Legal status
129:Legal status
80:Fexinidazole
61:License data
23:Fexinidazole
18:
2347:from market
2321:Paromomycin
2311:Doxycycline
2288:Secnidazole
2252:Carnidazole
2195:Albendazole
2122:Paromomycin
2112:Miltefosine
2102:Pentamidine
2098:benzamidine
1995:Pentamidine
1991:benzamidine
1981:Melarsoprol
1772:20 November
1757:McNeil Jr D
1741:19 November
1662:McNeil Jr D
1435:: 186–194.
1179:12 November
1068:12 November
1029:12 November
889:12 November
782:synthesized
740:. Torreele
702:orphan drug
642:acoziborole
587:Medical use
435: g·mol
375:100.207.619
159:Identifiers
43:Other names
2426:Thioethers
2400:Categories
2301:Iodoquinol
2260:Tinidazole
2229:Quinacrine
2213:nitrofuran
2203:thiazolide
2185:Tinidazole
2169:Giardiasis
2049:Nifurtimox
2045:nitrofuran
1707:22 January
1528:: 122505.
804:References
691:Hoechst AG
598:nifurtimox
513:medication
440:3D model (
428:Molar mass
285:306ERL82IR
256:ChemSpider
200:59729-37-2
191:CAS Number
181:-imidazole
168:IUPAC name
2357:Phase III
2345:Withdrawn
2317:neomycin
2160:Trichozoa
1973:arsenical
1963:ornithine
1924:parasites
1857:260377572
1550:254917177
1355:(4): 90.
856:20 August
776:Synthesis
675:sulfoxide
550:pregnancy
542:psychosis
91:Routes of
2390:Medicine
2118:neomycin
1921:excavata
1849:37528515
1701:Archived
1648:20439607
1599:22301556
1542:36549405
1506:36179736
1449:23260189
1433:Elsevier
1381:36278589
1349:Diseases
1330:21911566
1281:21200426
1230:46781585
1222:29113731
1143:(2021).
1115:(2019).
986:57772417
978:30635838
940:35925555
850:DailyMed
770:in vitro
768:despite
673:are the
560:and the
236:DrugBank
105:ATC code
98:By mouth
75:DailyMed
2141:polyene
2072:polyene
2005:Suramin
1639:2897277
1590:3457684
1497:9554014
1457:8688394
1372:9589988
1321:3232772
1272:3006138
931:9907522
830:16 July
762:beagles
758:rabbits
696:The US
685:History
679:sulfone
671:in vivo
651:in vivo
392:Formula
245:DB12265
211:PubChem
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115: (
113:P01CA03
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52:HOE 239
2376:Portal
2340:WHO-EM
1977:Atoxyl
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544:, and
466:SMILES
433:279.31
316:ChEMBL
305:D11252
150:â„ž-only
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1853:S2CID
1736:(PDF)
1697:(FDA)
1693:U.S.
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1546:S2CID
1453:S2CID
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1226:S2CID
1062:(PDF)
1051:(PDF)
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982:S2CID
958:Drugs
742:et al
646:et al
600:with
511:is a
486:InChI
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265:62032
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1845:PMID
1800:2019
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1538:PMID
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832:2021
760:and
754:rats
750:mice
677:and
529:, a
296:KEGG
276:UNII
2133:PAM
1928:P01
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1530:doi
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1357:doi
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1308:doi
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1204:391
1149:hdl
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1055:EMA
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966:doi
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552:or
341:EPA
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