1670:
1911:
914:
1481:
1624:
191:
1929:
1141:
1688:
273:
726:
1452:, generating powerful currents and strong turbulence, aggravated by the abrupt changes of sea bottom topography in the vicinity of the town of Messina. As a consequence, many species known as rare in the Mediterranean are found in large numbers in the straits. It is common to find deep species at the surface and vice versa, or open-sea species along the coast. The upwelling water drags abyssal species to the surface and sometimes strands them on the shore. Made famous in the nineteenth century by the zoologists
638:
2220:
22:
5005:
418:
1216:
2234:
476:
4994:
2248:
2914:
Calderini Ed., Bologna. The first complete inventory of the animal species of a whole country in Europe.Records 57,422 species (56,168 invertebrates and 1,254 vertebrates). A collaboration between the Nature
Conservation Service and the Scientific Committee for the Fauna of Italy, the Italian
1601:, the introduced species have caused serious impacts on the Mediterranean ecology, endangering many local and endemic Mediterranean species. About 300 species native to the Red Sea have already been identified in the Mediterranean Sea, and there are probably others yet unidentified.
2906:
Latella L., 2011. Il ruolo dei Musei di Storia
Naturale nello Studio, monitoraggio, conservazione e divulgazione della biodiversitĂ . alcuni esempi italiani. In: Pignatti S. (ed.). Aree protette e ricerca scientifica. ETS edizioni, Pisa:
75:, with over 57,000 species recorded, representing more than a third of all European fauna. This is due to various factors. The Italian peninsula is in the centre of the Mediterranean Sea, forming a corridor between central Europe and
2552:
234:, therefore, while remaining in the context of temperate climates without extremes of heat, cold or aridity, the climatic difference between the north and the south of the country is not at all negligible, going from the
2915:
Zoological Union and the
National Academy of Entomology. 272 specialists from 15 countries were involved in the project. Species are (uniquely) identified by numerical codes. The work is divided into 110 issues.
2159:
1642:
1968:
2127:
2110:
321:. It is dominated by the Apennines, from which a few major rivers flow. There are few natural plains. A process of land reclamation has replaced the coastal swamps and marshes with agricultural land.
2766:
2054:
2094:
1936:
227:
to survive, something that did not happen in the central-northern areas of the continent, and the retreat of the great glaciers has left glacial relict fauna in some mountain locations.
1868:
2391:
2188:
1084:
Fish in Italy are diversified into 623 species. Of all the species present about one-fifth live in fresh waters and of these 9 are endemic. Notable freshwater fishes are the
2933:. Touring Editore, Milano e Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio, Roma. Touring Editore, Milan and Ministry for the Environment and Territory, Rome. 448 pp.
282:
Italy consists of a 1,000 km (620 miles) long peninsula extending out into the central
Mediterranean, together with a number of islands to the south and west. The
3418:
2007:
3005:
2949:
Logozzo, D., Bassi, E., and Cocchi, L.. 2004. Crossing the sea en route to Africa: autumn migration of some
Accipitriformes over two central Mediterranean Islands.
3423:
3428:
1695:
2903:
Latella L., 2007. I Musei di Storia
Naturale e la gestione del territorio, l’esempio della CKmap e il Museo di Verona. Museologia scientifica (n.s.) 1: 149-151.
3000:
250:
of the central-southern coasts and the islands. Italy is predominantly hilly and mountainous in nature of the territory, which has caused a proliferation of
448:
3461:
3408:
1829:
3446:
3153:
3471:
2164:
440:
2366:
847:
because it is a natural bridge connecting continental Europe to Africa across the
Mediterranean. Migratory birds with a low wing loading, such as
4064:
3093:
2271:
3098:
1669:
871:, depend on thermals and updrafts for soaring to cross the Mediterranean in spring. Although the majority of these birds enter Europe via the
4096:
1989:
2384:
4727:
4079:
2857:
2132:
2115:
4691:
3621:
2504:
2482:
1950:
1151:
The
Italian fauna includes 56,213 species of invertebrates, of which 37,303 species of insects. Commonly seen insects in Italy are the
4825:
3125:
1980:
1918:
1946:
Museums which contain important collections of the fauna of Italy and which have public galleries devoted to the
Italian fauna are:
4732:
2835:
4297:
2059:
1658:
1618:
431:
is an ecologically and geographically defined area with characteristic species. Most of the
Italian territory is included in the
3509:
3010:
2143:
2099:
2023:
4975:
4138:
1973:
4772:
4047:
3855:
2985:
2301:
2200:
1435:
444:
4101:
3964:
3071:
2694:
2032:
1677:
2183:
4820:
4405:
4032:
3865:
3626:
2994:
452:
3088:
2813:
1910:
4052:
4027:
3870:
2193:
3082:
2599:
1716:
large mammals of Italy were primarily Eurasian immigrants fleeing extreme cold further north. Typical species are:
895:. Most of these birds breed in central and northern Europe. The birds return to Africa in autumn by the same route.
4424:
3705:
3591:
3253:
2172:
1657:
and nature reserves covers about 10.5% of the Italian territory, to which must be added 12% of coasts protected by
2741:
400:
4548:
4460:
4307:
4302:
4133:
4001:
3183:
2070:
1654:
1650:
1631:
1627:
1614:
1610:
456:
4496:
4084:
3561:
2649:
1050:
913:
4747:
4578:
4465:
3996:
3991:
3118:
2624:
2045:
2956:
Stoche, F., 2000 How many endemic species? Species richness assessment and conservation priorities in Italy.
1256:
fans, coral, and a diverse array of often colourful invertebrate organisms and hundreds of species of fish.
1252:
communities form coralligenous reefs which are a spectacular sight the coralline alga is covered with large
4506:
4445:
4430:
4282:
4143:
3596:
2286:
548:
194:
143:
4850:
4568:
4414:
4196:
4106:
4006:
3892:
3860:
3545:
3390:
3203:
3049:
2416:
2276:
2079:
2012:
1584:
1004:
412:
179:
2883:
Dobson, M. (1998). "Mammal distributions in the western Mediterranean: the role of human intervention".
4905:
4533:
4353:
4260:
4233:
4168:
4042:
3576:
3502:
3451:
3228:
536:
532:
436:
4935:
4701:
4624:
4588:
3606:
3571:
3566:
2306:
2205:
2178:
1520:
904:
757:
564:
175:
159:
2787:
2347:
383:
geographical region is mostly continental, with harsh winters and hot summers. The coastal areas of
4950:
4940:
4920:
4890:
4845:
4543:
4385:
4317:
4287:
4267:
4148:
3824:
3789:
3586:
3466:
3315:
3310:
3111:
2291:
1998:
1772:
1700:
1691:
1453:
1409:
1401:
1176:
632:
615:
497:
167:
119:
5034:
5029:
4830:
4593:
4450:
4420:
4395:
4312:
4272:
4211:
4110:
3875:
3845:
2311:
1560:
1369:
908:
749:
708:
528:
276:
1318:
Amongst the thousand or so species of invertebrates found in the Italian marine environment are
4528:
4516:
4292:
4277:
3969:
3611:
3275:
2296:
2281:
2036:
1766:
1422:
1381:
852:
733:
720:
464:
460:
367:
is highly diverse. In most of the inland northern and central regions, the climate ranges from
171:
1480:
79:, and it has 8,000 km (5,000 mi) of coastline. Italy also receives species from the
4835:
4762:
4742:
4656:
4605:
4363:
4343:
4153:
3747:
3715:
3601:
3581:
3495:
1889:
1738:
1673:
1556:
1054:
992:
972:
964:
860:
700:
524:
520:
396:
247:
131:
127:
305:
which is extensively agricultural and industrialised. Central Italy includes the regions of
4686:
4501:
4390:
4368:
4022:
3920:
3804:
3672:
3375:
2918:
Minelli A., 1996 La checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. Un bilancio del progetto.
1813:
1729:
1598:
1572:
1512:
1347:
1337:
1160:
1074:
988:
980:
976:
876:
825:
809:
692:
664:
568:
560:
163:
155:
8:
4970:
4960:
4915:
4681:
4646:
4641:
4358:
3979:
3915:
3835:
3345:
3305:
3285:
3265:
3168:
3066:
3021:
1544:
1219:
1184:
1180:
1125:
1109:
1046:
1038:
1034:
984:
917:
797:
676:
556:
552:
544:
432:
421:
190:
151:
147:
139:
2719:
1928:
4945:
4930:
4910:
4767:
4708:
4661:
4583:
4440:
4410:
4400:
4375:
4348:
4255:
4248:
4184:
3940:
3935:
3652:
3456:
3280:
2266:
2088:
1646:
1623:
1497:
1449:
1393:
1352:
1342:
1242:
1188:
1172:
1152:
948:
888:
805:
781:
773:
660:
587:
509:
263:
30:
4895:
4885:
4757:
4671:
4636:
4563:
4553:
4331:
4201:
4115:
3945:
3925:
3899:
3887:
3682:
3677:
3662:
3657:
3642:
3476:
3360:
3355:
3330:
3188:
3038:
2896:
1781:
1413:
1361:
1333:
1325:
1200:
1156:
1144:
1026:
944:
936:
837:
704:
513:
372:
368:
360:
123:
108:
3077:
2438:
1140:
208:. It has the highest number and density of both animal and plant species within the
182:, 623 fish species and 56,213 invertebrate species, of which 37,303 insect species.
4965:
4787:
4737:
4718:
4713:
4666:
4573:
4511:
4491:
4479:
4435:
4238:
4218:
4206:
4069:
3950:
3667:
3530:
3522:
3385:
3335:
3295:
3248:
3243:
3233:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3193:
3178:
3173:
3163:
3158:
3148:
2892:
1932:
1821:
1801:
1389:
1089:
960:
932:
793:
789:
777:
753:
696:
680:
364:
272:
267:
251:
104:
38:
37:, features prominently in Latin and Italian cultures, such as in the legend of the
4037:
2947:
4875:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4752:
4676:
4538:
4057:
3955:
3840:
3740:
3647:
3413:
3380:
3370:
3350:
3340:
3325:
3320:
3300:
3270:
3238:
3223:
3198:
3134:
2989:
2574:
1880:
1687:
1653:
cover about 5% of the country, while the total area protected by national parks,
1532:
1248:
1192:
1164:
1058:
884:
829:
817:
745:
729:
652:
607:
376:
353:
42:
3033:
2982:
2671:
2505:"La "nicchia ecologica" di Fonte Santa: storia di un microclima unico in Italia"
5008:
4955:
4925:
4870:
4777:
4651:
4598:
4558:
4228:
4074:
3974:
3930:
3882:
3830:
3784:
3752:
3710:
3687:
3365:
3290:
2261:
2239:
2225:
1797:
1516:
1441:
1405:
1357:
1329:
1320:
1233:
Characteristic habitat types of the Italian Mediterranean coastal zone are the
1204:
1121:
868:
844:
769:
656:
641:
603:
583:
501:
392:
209:
1643:
Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats
725:
637:
5023:
4880:
4521:
4091:
3779:
3757:
3616:
1568:
1485:
1385:
1377:
1373:
1280:
1117:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1085:
821:
813:
761:
668:
648:
599:
579:
493:
479:
4998:
4805:
4610:
4380:
3984:
3850:
3799:
3774:
2809:
2253:
2219:
1597:
have become a major component of the Mediterranean ecosystem. Known as the
1548:
1540:
1501:
1469:
1465:
1312:
1304:
1097:
1066:
1014:
956:
952:
940:
688:
672:
595:
540:
201:
135:
92:
76:
68:
34:
26:
4900:
4840:
4810:
4163:
3794:
2967:. Quad. Cons. Natura, 18, Min. Ambiente Ist. Naz. Fauna Selvatica: 21-36.
2385:"Italy's Fifth National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity"
2105:
1940:
1914:
1747:
1713:
1536:
1505:
1457:
1300:
1237:
1196:
1129:
1070:
1062:
1042:
848:
801:
785:
684:
611:
505:
213:
88:
219:, the Italian territory remained largely free of ice, which allowed the
200:
Italy is probably the richest European country in both plant and animal
21:
4158:
3767:
3043:
1959:
1590:
1445:
1292:
1234:
1030:
1013:
in Italy (including introduced and naturalised species) in two orders,
928:
856:
833:
765:
417:
337:
301:
Northern Italy is dominated by the Alps and an extensive valley of the
291:
216:
2460:
1215:
3027:
1720:
1552:
1492:
populations occur in many places, mainly in North America and Europe.
1417:
1397:
1308:
1296:
1284:
1253:
1022:
1010:
968:
872:
591:
428:
380:
283:
243:
235:
96:
3016:
475:
344:. Agriculture and industry are less developed. The main islands are
4815:
4800:
4795:
4696:
3730:
3725:
2233:
2147:
2040:
2018:
1963:
1805:
1681:
1461:
1276:
1272:
1264:
1260:
892:
647:
There are 119 species of mammals in Italy. Some of the species are
486:
349:
341:
302:
231:
205:
115:
3103:
2965:
Banche dati e distribuzione della fauna italiana: gli invertebrati
2925:
Minelli A, Chemin, C., R. Winch & Ruffo S. Ruffo & S.2002
2553:"Ambiente: oltre 3600 specie animali nelle 40mila grotte italiane"
3762:
3487:
2390:. Italian Ministry for the Environment, Land and Sea. p. 7.
2138:
2027:
1954:
1756:
1594:
1511:
Examples of more recent—and sometimes unwelcome—arrivals are the
1365:
1288:
1268:
1223:
1018:
924:
880:
864:
485:
The Checklist of the Species of the Italian Fauna includes 4,777
388:
384:
325:
306:
100:
84:
80:
57:
2936:
Sindaco, R., Doria, G., Razzetti, E. and Bernini, F. 2006 (eds)
2692:
4455:
2121:
2083:
2065:
1838:
1528:
1460:, the straits have an extraordinary abundance and structure of
1227:
1168:
741:
345:
333:
329:
314:
310:
295:
72:
54:
3054:
3735:
3518:
2977:
2742:"Animali anfibi: curiositĂ ed elenco delle specie piĂą strane"
2074:
1993:
1984:
1922:
1842:
1635:
1564:
1524:
1489:
1113:
318:
224:
220:
65:
61:
3060:
2625:"Mammiferi d'Italia - Ministero della Transizione Ecologica"
1025:
is known to live in the country. Notable amphibians are the
4243:
3720:
2049:
2002:
1706:
740:
Italy has recorded 550 bird species. Notable birds are the
287:
239:
64:
and its surrounding waters. Italy has the highest level of
3057:
Photogallery Marine life 375 photos from the Mediterranean
2367:"Il lupo grigio degli appennini e l animale dell Italia"
435:. Important Italian terrestrial ecoregions include the
1876:
Other Pleistocene animals found on these islands are:
1649:
both affording protection to Italian fauna and flora.
1593:
in 1869, invasive marine species originating from the
927:
have been recorded in Italy. Notable reptiles are the
242:
to the cool semi-continental temperate climate of the
286:
run north-south through the peninsula connecting the
91:. Italy's varied geological structure, including the
2215:
449:
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests
4002:
Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
2910:Minelli A., Ruffo S., La Posta S. (Eds), 1993-1995
99:, Central Italian woodlands, and Southern Italian
441:Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
5021:
2650:"Passero Italiano: L'uccello nazionale d'Italia"
2575:"CHECKLIST E DISTRIBUZIONE DELLA FAUNA ITALIANA"
2335:. George Baker (trans.). Printed for A. Strahan.
230:The Italian territory extends over about 10° of
2272:List of extinct and endangered species of Italy
1962:, the Museum of Zoology and Natural History of
1500:. Many introductions date from the time of the
2920:Bollettino Museo Civico Storia naturale Verona
2160:Ente nazionale per la protezione degli animali
843:Italy is an important route for trans-Saharan
3503:
3119:
1990:Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria
2600:"Lista Rossa delle Farfalle italiane - IUCN"
2364:
2345:
519:Endemic amphibians and reptiles include the
2912:Checklist delle specie della Fauna d'Italia
2761:
2759:
1488:, native of South America. Self-sustaining
1275:), snails, bivalves, squids and octopuses (
363:and the mostly mountainous hinterland, the
3510:
3496:
3126:
3112:
3007:Amphibia Web 48 Species returned for Italy
2942:tlante Degli Anfibi E Dei Rettili D'Italia
2693:Peter Uetz; Jakob Hallermann; Jiri Hosek.
2417:"La ricchezza della BiodiversitĂ italiana"
1969:Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Ferrara
1951:Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste
1850:Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus leonardii
3024:Entomology Forum. Many images. In Italian
2128:Museo di storia naturale del Mediterraneo
2111:Museo civico di storia naturale di Verona
1981:Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano
1919:Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano
3050:Biographies of famous Italian Zoologists
2938:Atlas of Italian Amphibians and Reptiles
2756:
1927:
1909:
1686:
1668:
1622:
1479:
1214:
1139:
912:
724:
636:
474:
416:
271:
257:
189:
20:
2153:
1619:List of Marine Protected Areas of Italy
1578:
324:Southern Italy includes the regions of
254:, close in space but very diversified.
5022:
2882:
2144:Museo di storia naturale della Maremma
2024:Museo di Scienze Naturali Enrico Caffi
298:in the south. The geology is diverse.
107:, also contribute to high climate and
3491:
3107:
1905:
1567:. Two introduced parrot species, the
1475:
403:). Each region has a distinct fauna.
4048:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
2441:. Convention on Biological Diversity
2330:
2302:List of non-marine molluscs of Italy
2201:Italian Horse Protection Association
2055:Museo tridentino di scienze naturali
1856:Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) mnaidriensis
1664:
1436:Marine life of the Strait of Messina
1429:
883:in Tunisia and enter Europe via the
659:(the smallest mammal in the world),
445:South Apennine mixed montane forests
379:. In particular, the climate of the
3133:
2095:Museo paleontologico di Montevarchi
2033:Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze
1937:Museo paleontologico di Montevarchi
1791:
1678:Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze
1287:), and little known groups such as
614:in Italy. A notable species is the
610:. There are 288 endemic species of
13:
3517:
2816:from the original on 29 March 2010
2720:"Quali sono gli anfibi autoctoni?"
1862:Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) melitensis
470:
453:Apennine deciduous montane forests
118:animal species, which include the
114:The fauna of Italy includes 4,777
14:
5046:
2971:
2540:Climatology: General and Regional
1869:Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) falconeri
204:, with a population very rich in
5004:
5003:
4992:
3072:Federazione Nazionale Pro Natura
3063:Alberto Masi Ornithology Website
3013:Returns 585 species (incomplete)
2897:10.1046/j.1365-2907.1998.00027.x
2767:"All fishes reported from Italy"
2397:from the original on 18 May 2015
2348:"What is Italy national animal?"
2246:
2232:
2218:
2184:La SocietĂ Entomologica Italiana
2173:Lega Italiana Protezione Uccelli
1777:Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus
1283:), crabs, lobsters and shrimps (
1259:These communities host sponges (
1135:
667:. Notable large mammals are the
60:inhabiting the territory of the
4733:Orders, decorations, and medals
2876:
2850:
2828:
2802:
2780:
2734:
2712:
2686:
2664:
2642:
2617:
2592:
2567:
2545:
2532:
2519:
2071:Turin Museum of Natural History
1615:List of regional parks of Italy
1611:List of National Parks of Italy
1604:
1263:), sea anemones and jellyfish (
1210:
457:Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
185:
3085:Faunal index page (Major taxa)
2555:(in Italian). 12 December 2020
2497:
2475:
2453:
2431:
2409:
2377:
2358:
2339:
2324:
2189:Societas Herpetologica Italica
1589:Since the construction of the
1326:Mediterranean slipper lobsters
1051:Northern spectacled salamander
621:
618:found only in Southern Italy.
467:significant for biodiversity.
1:
3030:Forum. Many images In Italian
2958:Belgian Journal of Entomology
2346:Sheri Foster (January 2021).
2317:
2046:Museo storia naturale di Pisa
1496:The Italian fauna is rich in
1279:), starfish and sea urchins (
998:
665:Schreiber's long-fingered bat
406:
401:Köppen climate classification
359:Because of the length of the
290:in the north to Etna and the
3046:Where to watch birds in Rome
2858:"Le aree protette in Italia"
2287:List of butterflies of Italy
1641:Italy is a signatory to the
606:. Endemic birds include the
549:Apennine yellow-bellied toad
195:Apennine yellow-bellied toad
144:Apennine yellow-bellied toad
7:
4773:Water supply and sanitation
4197:Italian geographical region
4065:Monarchy and the World Wars
4007:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
3893:War of the Sicilian Vespers
3546:Timeline of Italian history
3078:Conchiglie del Mediterraneo
2542:, Prentice Hall pp. 131–132
2507:(in Italian). 20 April 2016
2277:List of amphibians of Italy
2211:
2080:Zoological Museum of Naples
1585:List of Lessepsian migrants
1575:, are found in city parks.
1382:broad-clawed porcelain crab
1267:), sea mats and hornwrack (
1147:, endemic to Southern Italy
1005:List of amphibians of Italy
898:
578:Endemic fishes include the
492:Unique mammals include the
413:List of ecoregions in Italy
10:
5051:
4692:Inventions and discoveries
4102:Fall of the Fascist regime
4085:Fourth War of Independence
4043:Expedition of the Thousand
4033:Second War of Independence
2463:(in Italian). 27 June 2021
2365:James Hansen (June 2018).
1608:
1582:
1433:
1002:
902:
718:
630:
626:
533:Monte Albo cave salamander
437:Illyrian deciduous forests
410:
261:
166:. In Italy, there are 119
4988:
4786:
4632:
4623:
4487:
4478:
4466:Security and intelligence
4339:
4330:
4192:
4183:
4126:
4053:Third War of Independence
4028:First War of Independence
4015:
3908:
3817:
3698:
3635:
3554:
3538:
3529:
3437:
3399:
3141:
3039:Marine Research in Medina
2836:"Regione e aree protette"
2810:"National Parks in Italy"
2307:List of reptiles of Italy
2206:Tethys Research Institute
2179:Unione Zoologica Italiana
1898:Sardinian dwarf mammoth,
1800:developed as a result of
1521:citrus long-horned beetle
1079:
905:List of reptiles of Italy
879:, large numbers leave at
758:European green woodpecker
565:Italian Aesculapian snake
525:Sardinian cave salamander
489:animal species in Italy.
160:Italian Aesculapian snake
4144:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
4139:Institutional referendum
2605:(in Italian). p. 13
2580:(in Italian). p. 29
2292:List of mammals of Italy
2008:Museo civico di Rovereto
1999:Museo Civico di Zoologia
1773:Straight-tusked elephant
1692:Straight-tusked elephant
1454:Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay
1249:Lithophyllum lichenoides
1009:There are 39 species of
714:
633:List of mammals of Italy
498:Sardinian long-eared bat
120:Sardinian long-eared bat
4667:Emigration and diaspora
3876:Guelphs and Ghibellines
3861:the Sardinian Judicates
2812:. Parks.it. 1995–2010.
2630:(in Italian). p. 7
2312:List of snakes of Italy
1786:Coelodonta antiquitatis
1370:Mediterranean jellyfish
1165:European praying mantis
909:List of snakes of Italy
750:white-backed woodpecker
709:Mediterranean monk seal
529:Italian cave salamander
277:Italian cave salamander
16:Native animals of Italy
4549:Science and technology
4497:Italian regions by GDP
4298:Marine protected areas
3970:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
3184:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3074:In English and Italian
3017:Living Treasures Italy
2995:Wild Wonders of Europe
2529:, Giunti, p. 95, 2009.
2439:"Italy - Main Details"
2371:"affaritaliani.it">
2297:List of moths of Italy
2282:List of birds of Italy
2037:University of Florence
1943:
1925:
1894:Hippopotamus pentlandi
1767:Mammuthus meridionalis
1709:
1684:
1659:marine protected areas
1638:
1493:
1423:Parazoanthus axinellae
1414:Mediterranean starfish
1230:
1148:
920:
853:European honey buzzard
737:
721:List of birds of Italy
644:
482:
463:. There are also many
461:Po Basin mixed forests
424:
279:
197:
46:
4748:Public administration
3856:the Holy Roman Empire
3099:Scarabeoidea of Italy
2988:23 April 2008 at the
2695:"Distribution: italy"
1931:
1913:
1890:Sicilian hippopotamus
1761:Mammuthus primigenius
1752:Homo neanderthalensis
1743:Hippopotamus antiquus
1739:European hippopotamus
1696:Polo museale Sapienza
1690:
1674:European hippopotamus
1672:
1626:
1557:Eastern grey squirrel
1533:cottony cushion scale
1483:
1402:Portuguese man o' war
1222:reef in the sea near
1218:
1177:hummingbird hawk-moth
1143:
1055:Spectacled salamander
993:European green lizard
965:Common European adder
916:
728:
701:rough-toothed dolphin
640:
521:spectacled salamander
478:
420:
411:Further information:
397:Mediterranean climate
275:
262:Further information:
258:Geography and climate
248:Mediterranean climate
193:
132:brown cave salamander
128:spectacled salamander
29:, which inhabits the
24:
4976:World Heritage Sites
4431:Council of Ministers
4169:Coronavirus pandemic
3567:Currency and coinage
3034:European Marine Life
3001:biodiversityhotspots
2699:The Reptile Database
2652:. Conca Ternana Oggi
2483:"Il clima in Italia"
2154:Zoological societies
1900:Mammuthus lamarmorae
1814:Mammuthus lamarmorae
1734:Panthera leo spelaea
1599:Lessepsian migration
1579:Lessepsian migration
1573:rose-ringed parakeet
1561:Finlayson's squirrel
1513:Asian tiger mosquito
1348:tasselled nudibranch
1338:scribbled nudibranch
1271:), segmented worms (
1075:Italian crested newt
989:European wall lizard
981:Sicilian pond turtle
977:European pond turtle
923:About 69 species of
877:Straits of Gibraltar
826:great spotted cuckoo
600:carpione del Fibreno
569:Sicilian pond turtle
561:Sicilian wall lizard
537:Sardinian brook newt
164:Sicilian pond turtle
156:Sicilian wall lizard
4507:Automotive industry
4446:Metropolitan cities
3992:Early Modern period
3965:Kingdom of Sardinia
3916:Italian city-states
3400:States with limited
2333:The history of Rome
1885:Cynotherium sardous
1220:Violescent sea-whip
1161:Cleopatra butterfly
1047:Balearic green toad
1039:Italian edible frog
1035:Italian stream frog
985:Italian wall lizard
918:Italian wall lizard
798:collared pratincole
677:Marsican brown bear
557:Aeolian wall lizard
553:Sicilian green toad
433:Mediterranean Basin
422:Marsican brown bear
152:Aeolian wall lizard
148:Italian wall lizard
4569:Telecommunications
3936:Maritime republics
3028:naturamediterraneo
3022:entomologiitaliani
2931:The fauna in Italy
2927:La fauna in Italia
2267:Geography of Italy
2089:Stazione Zoologica
1944:
1926:
1906:Zoological museums
1837:On the islands of
1730:European cave lion
1710:
1685:
1647:Habitats Directive
1639:
1545:Louisiana crayfish
1498:introduced species
1494:
1476:Introduced species
1450:Straits of Messina
1353:Flabellina affinis
1343:Hypselodoris picta
1243:Posidonia oceanica
1231:
1149:
973:Hermann's tortoise
949:European cat snake
921:
889:Straits of Messina
738:
661:European snow vole
645:
510:Calabria pine vole
483:
425:
395:generally fit the
280:
264:Geography of Italy
198:
124:Sardinian red deer
53:comprises all the
47:
31:Apennine Mountains
5017:
5016:
4984:
4983:
4619:
4618:
4554:Southern question
4474:
4473:
4406:Political parties
4354:Foreign relations
4326:
4325:
4179:
4178:
3900:Kingdom of Naples
3888:Kingdom of Sicily
3485:
3484:
2963:Stoche, F., 2004
2538:Thomas A. Blair,
2525:Adriana Rigutti,
1830:Elephas melitensi
1804:on the island of
1782:Woolly rhinoceros
1665:Pleistocene fauna
1430:Strait of Messina
1410:purple sea urchin
1390:pilgrim’s scallop
1374:spiny spider crab
1334:common cuttlefish
1157:scarlet dragonfly
1145:European owl moth
1110:Scardola scardafa
1027:Italian tree frog
945:Montpellier snake
937:Aesculapian snake
838:Eurasian nightjar
810:Allen's gallinule
705:crested porcupine
616:European owl moth
373:humid continental
369:humid subtropical
361:Italian peninsula
252:ecological niches
180:amphibian species
109:habitat diversity
5042:
5007:
5006:
4999:Italy portal
4996:
4995:
4936:National symbols
4630:
4629:
4485:
4484:
4337:
4336:
4190:
4189:
4070:Kingdom of Italy
3997:Napoleonic Italy
3536:
3535:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3489:
3488:
3438:Dependencies and
3142:Sovereign states
3135:Fauna of Europe
3128:
3121:
3114:
3105:
3104:
2900:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2763:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2629:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2579:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2549:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2396:
2389:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2328:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2222:
2197:
2168:
2136:
2119:
2103:
2063:
2016:
1977:
1935:skeleton in the
1933:Southern mammoth
1917:skeleton in the
1864:(Falconer, 1868)
1822:Elephas antiquus
1802:insular dwarfism
1792:Insular dwarfism
1704:
1694:skeleton in the
1676:skeleton in the
1553:strawberry finch
1537:pumpkinseed fish
1406:black sea-urchin
1181:Italian stinkbug
1153:sail swallowtail
1090:Lombardy lamprey
933:Green whip snake
790:Egyptian vulture
754:black woodpecker
681:Pyrenean chamois
391:and most of the
365:climate of Italy
268:Climate of Italy
105:Maquis shrubland
62:Italian Republic
39:founding of Rome
5050:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5040:
5039:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5013:
4993:
4980:
4951:Public holidays
4782:
4728:Life expectancy
4615:
4470:
4386:Law enforcement
4322:
4175:
4122:
4111:Social Republic
4075:Colonial Empire
4058:Capture of Rome
4011:
3904:
3813:
3706:Ancient peoples
3694:
3631:
3592:Historic states
3550:
3525:
3516:
3486:
3481:
3439:
3433:
3419:Northern Cyprus
3401:
3395:
3316:North Macedonia
3137:
3132:
3094:Protected areas
2990:Wayback Machine
2974:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2819:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2793:
2791:
2788:"Dove operiamo"
2786:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2703:
2701:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2537:
2533:
2524:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2444:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2422:
2420:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2363:
2359:
2344:
2340:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2252:
2247:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2191:
2162:
2156:
2130:
2113:
2097:
2057:
2010:
1971:
1908:
1881:Sardinian dhole
1852:(Aguirre, 1969)
1825:(Acconci, 1881)
1798:dwarf elephants
1794:
1698:
1667:
1621:
1609:Main articles:
1607:
1587:
1581:
1478:
1438:
1432:
1398:violet sea hare
1394:ragged sea hare
1386:noble pen shell
1246:seagrass beds,
1213:
1193:European hornet
1138:
1082:
1059:Fire salamander
1007:
1001:
911:
901:
885:Aeolian Islands
830:woodchat shrike
818:trumpeter finch
794:griffon vulture
774:Bonelli's eagle
730:Italian sparrow
723:
717:
653:forest dormouse
635:
629:
624:
608:Italian sparrow
580:Bergatino loach
473:
471:Endemic species
415:
409:
354:Aeolian Islands
270:
260:
188:
176:reptile species
168:mammals species
43:national animal
17:
12:
11:
5:
5048:
5038:
5037:
5035:Biota of Italy
5032:
5030:Fauna of Italy
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5001:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4633:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4559:Stock exchange
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4461:Municipalities
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4421:Prime Minister
4418:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4308:Regional parks
4305:
4303:National parks
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4212:Climate change
4204:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4130:
4128:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4113:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4077:
4072:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3977:
3975:Duchy of Savoy
3972:
3967:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3885:
3883:Lombard League
3880:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3805:Western Empire
3797:
3792:
3790:Roman conquest
3787:
3782:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3711:Italic peoples
3702:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3542:
3540:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3492:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3440:other entities
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3391:United Kingdom
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3204:Czech Republic
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3131:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2983:Fauna Europaea
2980:
2973:
2972:External links
2970:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2945:
2934:
2923:
2922:, 20: 249-261.
2916:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2878:
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2461:"BiodiversitĂ "
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2262:Flora of Italy
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2240:Biology portal
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2226:Animals portal
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1833:(Caria, 1965))
1826:
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1757:Woolly mammoth
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1725:Ursus spelaeus
1666:
1663:
1655:regional parks
1651:National parks
1606:
1603:
1583:Main article:
1580:
1577:
1517:Southeast Asia
1504:, such as the
1486:monk parakeets
1477:
1474:
1434:Main article:
1431:
1428:
1358:precious coral
1330:common octopus
1321:Squilla mantis
1212:
1209:
1137:
1134:
1122:European perch
1081:
1078:
1000:
997:
900:
897:
770:rock partridge
719:Main article:
716:
713:
657:Etruscan shrew
642:Sardinian deer
631:Main article:
628:
625:
623:
620:
604:Timavo sculpin
584:Italian barbel
573:Emys trinacris
514:Sardinian deer
502:Apennine shrew
472:
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408:
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259:
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236:nival climates
210:European Union
187:
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51:fauna of Italy
15:
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4154:Years of Lead
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4149:Economic Boom
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4092:Fascist Italy
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4038:Niçard exodus
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3424:South Ossetia
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2997:Photo gallery
2996:
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2960:, 2: 125-133.
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2885:Mammal Review
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1872:(Busk, 1867))
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1858:(Adams, 1874)
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1569:monk parakeet
1566:
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1281:Echinodermata
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1198:
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1189:field cricket
1186:
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1136:Invertebrates
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1118:Northern pike
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:European chub
1103:
1102:Eurasian carp
1099:
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1094:Italian bleak
1091:
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1086:Brook lamprey
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841:
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819:
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814:great bustard
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731:
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59:
56:
52:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
23:
19:
4836:Architecture
4806:Quattrocento
4763:Social class
4743:Prostitution
4657:Demographics
4579:Trade unions
4522:Central Bank
4364:Human rights
4344:Constitution
4223:
4127:Contemporary
4097:World War II
3985:Italian Wars
3909:Early modern
3851:Papal States
3829:Italy under
3775:Ancient Rome
3429:Transnistria
3260:
3055:Mondo Marino
2964:
2957:
2950:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2911:
2891:(2): 77–88.
2888:
2884:
2877:Bibliography
2862:. Retrieved
2860:(in Italian)
2852:
2840:. Retrieved
2838:(in Italian)
2830:
2818:. Retrieved
2804:
2792:. Retrieved
2790:(in Italian)
2782:
2770:. Retrieved
2746:. Retrieved
2744:(in Italian)
2736:
2724:. Retrieved
2722:(in Italian)
2714:
2702:. Retrieved
2698:
2688:
2676:. Retrieved
2674:(in Italian)
2666:
2654:. Retrieved
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2547:
2539:
2534:
2527:Meteorologia
2526:
2521:
2509:. Retrieved
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2485:(in Italian)
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2455:
2445:10 September
2443:. Retrieved
2433:
2421:. Retrieved
2419:(in Italian)
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2379:
2370:
2360:
2352:Yourtrip.com
2351:
2341:
2332:
2326:
2254:Italy portal
1945:
1899:
1893:
1884:
1875:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1836:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1796:Pleistocene
1795:
1785:
1776:
1765:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1711:
1640:
1605:Conservation
1588:
1549:zebra mussel
1541:mosquitofish
1510:
1502:Roman Empire
1495:
1439:
1421:
1362:zigzag coral
1351:
1341:
1319:
1317:
1313:Hemichordata
1258:
1247:
1241:
1232:
1211:Marine fauna
1150:
1098:Horse barbel
1083:
1067:Italian newt
1008:
961:Horned viper
957:Meadow viper
953:Walser viper
941:Smooth snake
922:
842:
739:
689:common genet
673:Italian wolf
646:
577:
572:
545:Italian frog
541:Italian newt
518:
491:
484:
465:cave systems
426:
399:stereotype (
358:
323:
300:
281:
240:Alpine peaks
229:
202:biodiversity
199:
186:Biodiversity
172:bird species
140:Italian frog
136:Italian newt
113:
77:North Africa
69:biodiversity
50:
48:
41:. It is the
35:Western Alps
27:Italian wolf
18:
4901:Italophilia
4861:Coat of arm
4811:Cinquecento
4687:Immigration
4637:Aristocracy
4502:Agriculture
4396:Nationality
4369:LGBT rights
4283:Earthquakes
4164:Mani pulite
4080:World War I
4023:Unification
4016:Late modern
3980:Renaissance
3825:Middle Ages
3818:Middle Ages
3795:Roman Italy
3562:Citizenship
3467:Isle of Man
3402:recognition
3376:Switzerland
3311:Netherlands
2979:FaunaItalia
2944:Polistampa.
2192: [
2163: [
2131: [
2114: [
2106:Montevarchi
2098: [
2058: [
2011: [
1972: [
1941:Montevarchi
1915:Sperm whale
1748:Neanderthal
1714:Pleistocene
1699: [
1506:common carp
1458:Anton Dohrn
1366:purple sail
1305:Pogonophora
1301:Brachiopoda
1205:rose chafer
1197:cuckoo wasp
1130:River trout
1071:Alpine newt
1063:Smooth newt
1043:Common toad
802:glossy ibis
786:lammergeier
693:fallow deer
685:Alpine ibex
622:Vertebrates
506:Udine shrew
217:glaciations
214:Pleistocene
89:Middle East
5024:Categories
4971:Traditions
4961:Television
4946:Philosophy
4911:Literature
4851:Cathedrals
4821:Settecento
4682:Healthcare
4647:Corruption
4642:Censorship
4401:Parliament
4359:Government
4159:Maxi Trial
4107:Resistance
3836:Ostrogoths
3768:Messapians
3653:Villanovan
3643:Prehistory
3636:Prehistory
3346:San Marino
3306:Montenegro
3286:Luxembourg
3266:Kazakhstan
3169:Azerbaijan
3089:Ecoregions
3061:Scricciolo
2842:11 January
2318:References
1960:La Specola
1591:Suez Canal
1563:, and the
1462:planktonic
1442:Tyrrhenian
1293:Priapulida
1238:biocenosis
1235:Cystoseira
1203:, and the
1031:Agile frog
1011:amphibians
1003:See also:
999:Amphibians
929:Dice snake
903:See also:
857:black kite
834:bluethroat
766:snow finch
602:, and the
596:Garda carp
588:brook chub
567:, and the
512:, and the
407:Ecoregions
338:Basilicata
292:Peloritani
87:, and the
4931:Mythology
4906:Libraries
4826:Ottocento
4768:Terrorism
4709:Languages
4662:Education
4584:Transport
4534:Companies
4441:Provinces
4411:President
4376:Judiciary
4349:Elections
4261:Volcanoes
4256:Volcanism
4249:Apennines
4234:Mountains
4202:Peninsula
4185:Geography
4116:Civil War
3841:Byzantium
3748:Etruscans
3683:Canegrate
3678:Golasecca
3663:Rinaldone
3658:Terramare
3648:Neolithic
3457:Gibraltar
3281:Lithuania
2953:26:71-78.
2672:"Uccelli"
2656:22 August
2001:di Roma,
1721:Cave bear
1634:parks in
1418:sea mouse
1309:Phoronida
1297:Sipuncula
1285:Crustacea
1254:gorgonian
1173:glow-worm
1023:Caecilian
969:Asp viper
873:Bosphorus
806:spoonbill
782:eagle owl
736:of Italy.
592:Arno goby
429:ecoregion
381:Po Valley
284:Apennines
246:, to the
244:Po Valley
97:Apennines
45:of Italy.
5009:Category
4896:Internet
4886:Folklore
4816:Seicento
4801:Trecento
4796:Duecento
4758:Religion
4719:Regional
4697:Italians
4672:Gambling
4564:Taxation
4391:Military
4332:Politics
4134:Republic
3921:Florence
3846:Lombards
3785:Republic
3731:Samnites
3726:Picentes
3668:Apennine
3627:Railways
3607:Military
3555:By topic
3539:Overview
3523:articles
3477:Svalbard
3462:Guernsey
3409:Abkhazia
3361:Slovenia
3356:Slovakia
3331:Portugal
3189:Bulgaria
3011:Fishbase
2986:Archived
2907:101-112.
2820:15 March
2814:Archived
2794:11 March
2772:10 March
2748:11 March
2726:11 March
2678:11 March
2634:11 March
2609:10 March
2584:10 March
2559:13 March
2511:10 March
2489:10 March
2467:10 March
2423:10 March
2392:Archived
2212:See also
2148:Grosseto
2091:, Naples
2041:Florence
2019:Rovereto
1964:Florence
1806:Sardinia
1682:Florence
1645:and the
1632:regional
1628:National
1571:and the
1470:nektonic
1448:meet in
1277:Mollusca
1273:Annelida
1265:Cnidaria
1261:Porifera
1240:and the
991:and the
925:reptiles
899:Reptiles
893:Calabria
887:and the
459:and the
352:and the
350:Sardinia
342:Campania
303:Po river
232:latitude
95:and the
33:and the
4966:Theatre
4941:Palaces
4921:Museums
4891:Gardens
4876:Fashion
4866:Cuisine
4846:Castles
4788:Culture
4738:Poverty
4714:Italian
4625:Society
4606:Welfare
4574:Tourism
4544:Exports
4512:Banking
4492:Economy
4480:Economy
4436:Regions
4318:Valleys
4288:Islands
4268:Beaches
4239:Prealps
4219:Geology
4207:Climate
3871:Normans
3831:Odoacer
3780:Kingdom
3763:Ligures
3699:Ancient
3673:Nuragic
3622:Postage
3597:Judaism
3587:Genetic
3577:Fashion
3572:Economy
3531:History
3386:Ukraine
3336:Romania
3296:Moldova
3254:Ireland
3249:Iceland
3244:Hungary
3234:Germany
3229:Georgia
3219:Finland
3214:Estonia
3209:Denmark
3194:Croatia
3179:Belgium
3174:Belarus
3164:Austria
3159:Armenia
3154:Andorra
3149:Albania
2864:2 March
2704:22 June
2139:Livorno
2028:Bergamo
1955:Trieste
1595:Red Sea
1466:benthic
1289:Echiura
1269:Bryozoa
1224:Palermo
1185:firebug
1126:Lavaret
1019:Caudata
881:Cap Bon
865:kestrel
778:goshawk
697:mouflon
627:Mammals
487:endemic
389:Tuscany
385:Liguria
377:oceanic
326:Abruzzo
307:Tuscany
238:of the
116:endemic
101:Garigue
85:Eurasia
81:Balkans
58:species
4997:
4871:Design
4856:Cinema
4831:Anthem
4753:Racism
4702:People
4677:Health
4539:Energy
4529:Brands
4456:Comune
4451:Cities
4313:Rivers
4273:Canals
3956:Amalfi
3941:Venice
3800:Empire
3741:Veneti
3716:Latins
3688:Latial
3521:
3472:Jersey
3414:Kosovo
3381:Turkey
3371:Sweden
3351:Serbia
3341:Russia
3326:Poland
3321:Norway
3301:Monaco
3271:Latvia
3239:Greece
3224:France
3199:Cyprus
2401:17 May
2175:(LIPU)
2169:(ENPA)
2122:Verona
2084:Naples
2066:Trento
1839:Sicily
1617:, and
1555:, the
1551:, the
1547:, the
1543:, the
1539:, the
1535:, the
1529:citrus
1527:, the
1519:, the
1468:, and
1446:Ionian
1420:, and
1311:, and
1228:Sicily
1169:cicada
1155:, the
1080:Fishes
987:, the
983:, the
979:, the
975:, the
971:, the
967:, the
963:, the
959:, the
955:, the
951:, the
947:, the
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746:roller
742:hoopoe
732:, the
707:, and
663:, and
598:, the
594:, the
590:, the
586:, the
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563:, the
559:, the
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527:, the
523:, the
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500:, the
496:, the
455:, the
447:, the
443:, the
439:, the
346:Sicily
334:Apulia
330:Molise
315:Marche
311:Umbria
296:Sicily
170:, 550
162:, and
73:Europe
66:faunal
55:animal
4956:Sport
4926:Music
4916:Media
4778:Women
4652:Crime
4517:Banks
4293:Lakes
4278:Caves
4229:Flora
4224:Fauna
3946:Genoa
3931:Milan
3926:Siena
3866:Arabs
3753:Celts
3736:Umbri
3612:Music
3582:Flags
3519:Italy
3447:Ă…land
3366:Spain
3291:Malta
3261:Italy
2628:(PDF)
2603:(PDF)
2578:(PDF)
2395:(PDF)
2388:(PDF)
2196:]
2167:]
2135:]
2118:]
2102:]
2075:Turin
2062:]
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1994:Genoa
1985:Milan
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1923:Milan
1843:Malta
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1636:Italy
1565:coypu
1531:pest
1525:China
1523:from
1515:from
1490:feral
1114:Tench
1021:. No
1015:Anura
869:hobby
849:stork
715:Birds
393:South
319:Lazio
225:fauna
221:flora
178:, 39
174:, 69
4881:Flag
4611:Wine
4599:road
4594:rail
4425:List
4415:List
4244:Alps
4109:and
3951:Pisa
3721:Osci
3617:Name
3602:LGBT
3083:AIAM
2951:Ring
2866:2022
2844:2022
2822:2010
2796:2022
2774:2022
2750:2022
2728:2022
2706:2021
2680:2022
2658:2024
2636:2022
2611:2022
2586:2022
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