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353:. In 1824 she visited La Grange, Lafayette's estate in France. Over the next three years, she made several other visits to France and was inspired to take an American excursion with Wright. Frances thought of America as a simple economic venture and figured that she could save money by sending her children through Wright's communal school, as Wright had planned to reform the education of African American children and the formerly enslaved on their property in Tennessee. In November 1827, Frances Trollope went with some of her family to Fanny Wright's
51:
280:, Frances was the third daughter and middle child of the Reverend William Milton and Mary Milton (née Gresley). Frances was five years old when her mother died in childbirth. Her father was remarried to Sarah Partington of Clifton in 1800. She was baptised at St Michael's, Bristol, on 17 March 1779. As a child, Frances read a great amount of English, French and Italian literature. She and her sister later moved to Bloomsbury, London, in 1803 to live with their brother, Henry Milton, who was employed in the War Office.
292:, Hampshire. They had four sons and three daughters: Thomas Adolphus, Henry, Arthur (who died in 1824) Emily (who died in a day), Anthony, Cecilia and Emily. When the Trollopes moved to a leased farm at Harrow-on-the-Hill in 1817, they faced financial struggles for lack of agricultural expertise. This was where Frances gave birth to her last two children. Two of her sons and one daughter also became writers. Her eldest surviving son,
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518:(1852). It focuses on two powerful families – one that strongly encourages slavery and another that strongly opposes it and provides sanctuary for slave refugees. It antagonizes pro-slavery characters, making them appear foolish and uncultured. Frances also brings out her idea of a stereotypical American by drawing certain characters as shrewd, convincing, sly and greedy.
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In later years
Frances Trollope continued to write novels and books on miscellaneous subjects – in all over 100 volumes. In her own time, she was considered to have acute powers of observation and a sharp and caustic wit, but her prolific production coupled with the rise of modernist criticism caused
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to respond that "Mrs. Trollope, though she has told some disagreeable truths, has for the most part caricatured till the resemblance is lost." She was thought to reflect the disparaging views of
American society that were allegedly commonplace at that time among English people of the higher social
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to be published in
Britain, inspired by Frances's visit to Manchester in 1832, where she examined the conditions of children employed in the textile mills. The story of a factory boy who is rescued by a wealthy benefactor at first, but later returns to the mills, illustrates the misery of factory
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From her return at the age of 50 until her death, Trollope's need of an income for her family and to escape her debts led her to begin writing novels, memoirs of her travels, and other shorter pieces, while travelling around Europe. She became well acquainted with elites and figures of
Victorian
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Nonetheless, all the ways she tried to support herself in
America were unsuccessful. She found the cultural climate uninteresting and came to resent democracy. Furthermore, after her venture failed, her family was more in debt than when she had migrated there and they were forced to move back to
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in the United States. She took her son, Henry, and her two daughters, Charlotte and Emily. Her husband, Thomas
Anthony, and remaining sons, Tom and Anthony, stayed at home and continued their education. In October 1828, Tom and his father joined Frances in Cincinnati, leaving Anthony at boarding
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conventions, the scholar Susan
Griffin notes that Trollope wrote a Protestant critique of Catholicism that also expressed "a gendered set of possibilities for self-making", which has been little recognised by scholars. She noted that
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to be her house guest. Garrow married her son Thomas
Adolphus, and the three lived together until Trollope's death in 1863. She was buried near four other members of the Trollope household in the
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She wrote more than 41 books: six travelogues, 35 novels, countless controversial articles, and poems. In 1843, Frances visited Italy and eventually moved to
Florence permanently.
369:, a collaborator in her venture. (This is not verified.) After the community failed, Trollope moved to Cincinnati, Ohio with her family. She also encouraged the sculptor
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life and suggests that private philanthropy alone will not solve the widespread misery of factory employment. Other socially conscious novels of hers include
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became a well-known and received novelist, establishing a strong reputation, especially for his serial novels, such as those set in the fictional county of
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Frances
Eleanor Trollope, "Frances Trollope Her Life and Literary Work from George III to Victoria, Vol. One", (Bentley and Son, 1895) p. 42.
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in Cumbria, but finding that (in her son Tom's words) "the sun yoked his horses too far from Penrith town." One year, she invited
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her works to be overlooked in the 20th century. Few of her books are now read, but her first and two others are available on
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Soon after the move to the leased farm, her marital and financial strains led Frances to seek companionship and aid from
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501:'s lingering legacy in criticism meant overlooking a woman's nineteenth century studies of religious controversy."
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Trollope received more attention in her lifetime for what are considered several strong novels of social protest:
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444:(1832). She gave an unfavourable, and in the opinions of America's partisans, an exaggerated account. Her novel,
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Arriving in the United States one year earlier than her husband, she developed an intimate relationship with
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In London, she met Thomas Anthony Trollope, a barrister. At the age of 30, she married him on 23 May 1809 in
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claimed, "No other author of the present day has been at once so read, so much admired, and so much abused".
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Susan M. Griffin, "Revising the Popish Plot: Frances Trollope's 'The Abbess' and 'Father Eustace'"
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After the death of her husband and daughter, in 1835 and 1838 respectively, Trollope moved to
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school.(ref.Teresa Ransom, Fanny Trollope, pg.56)They returned to England in January 1829.
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534:(1837, Richard Bentley, London, 3 volumes), which took on the issue of corruption in the
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468:(1838). Among those with whom she became acquainted in Brussels was the future novelist
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Despite producing six living children, the Trollopes' marriage was reputedly unhappy.
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942:. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2008. Genealogical Society of Utah.
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Lynch Law; or, the Life and Adventures of Jonathan Jefferson Whitlaw... New edition
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The Life and Adventures of Jonathan Jefferson Whitlaw; or Scenes on the Mississippi
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Milton], Frances [Fanny] (1779–1863), travel writer and novelist"
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She also wrote social novels: one against slavery is said to have influenced
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Three Voices: Frances Trollope – The author describes her life in Cincinnati
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1153:"Literary Encyclopedia | The Widow Married; A Sequel to the Widow Barnaby"
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trilogy (1839–1855), which includes the first ever sequel. In particular,
225:(1832), observations from a trip to the United States, is the best known.
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Frances Trollope: Her Life and Literary Work from George III to Victoria
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211:(10 March 1779 – 6 October 1863), was an English novelist who wrote as
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critics have omitted women writers such as Frances Trollope. In 1839,
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Frances Trollope: 1779–1863—Bio and links to overviews of major works
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508:(1836) was the first anti-slavery novel, influencing the American
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Not to be confused with her daughter-in-law, the English novelist
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novels, which used a Protestant position to examine self-making.
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1022:, Volume 4; Volumes 1800–1900, Cambridge University Press, 2000.
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The Life and Adventures of Jonathan Jefferson Whitlaw Audiobook
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Schmoldt, A.; Benthe, H. F.; Haberland, G. (1 September 1975).
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The New American Cyclopædia, Edited by G. Ripley and C. A. Dana
946:. Salt Lake City, Utah: Intellectual Reserve, copyright 2002.
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The Life and Adventures of Michael Armstrong, the Factory Boy
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Charles Chesterfield, or the Adventures of a Youth of Genius
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and evangelical circles. Possibly her greatest work is the
1247:"WhiteSilence, Virtual Guide, Florence's English Cemetery"
1191:"Books by Trollope, Frances Milton (Sorted by popularity)"
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The Barnabys in America, or Adventures of the Widow Wedded
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Fanny Trollope: the life and adventures of a clever woman
849:. New York: D. Appleton & Company. 1862. p. 609.
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Encyclopedia of British Writers: 19th and 20th Centuries
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268:(née Ternan), second wife of Thomas Adolphus Trollope.
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This article on her son has a short biography of her.
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434:, Monken Hadley. Home to Fanny Trollope in 1836–1838.
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A Catalog Archive of Frances Milton Trollope's Works
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456:Later Trollope wrote further travel works, such as
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1454:Mrs. Trollope's Bazaar, Cincinnati, Ohio 1828–1829
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1217:Krueger, Christine L.; et al., eds. (2003).
1038:, 2003, p. 279, JSTOR, accessed 24 February 2011.
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940:England & Wales, Christening Index, 1530-1980
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1020:The Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature
661:The Widow Married; A Sequel to the Widow Barnaby
1310:Frances Trollope and the Novel of Social Change
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1105:"Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes"
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944:British Isles Vital Records Index, 2nd Edition
799:Victorian Women Writers and the Woman Question
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264:, became writers, as did her daughter-in-law
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1295:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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879:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1054:. Spartacus-Educational.com. Archived from
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715:Travels and Travelers: A Series of Sketches
448:(1832), expressed similar views, prompting
751:Mrs. Mathews, or Family Mysteries, A Novel
703:Jessie Phillips: A Tale of the Present Day
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1419:Works by or about Frances Milton Trollope
1410:Works by or about Frances Milton Trollope
1401:Works by or about Frances Milton Trollope
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727:The Young Countess, or, Love and Jealousy
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876:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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351:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
166: 1809; died 1835)
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1219:"Trollope, Frances Milton (1779–1863)"
1077:Lefkowitz, R. J. (15 September 1975).
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1205:A Literary Guide to the Lake District
1225:. Infobase Publishing. p. 346.
839:
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801:, Cambridge University Press, 2012.
610:Belgium and Western Germany in 1833
580:, Italy, having lived, briefly, at
458:Belgium and Western Germany in 1833
412:and R. W. Thackeray (a relative of
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24:
1525:19th-century English women writers
1337:. Alan Sutton Publishing Limited.
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971:Trollope, Frances Eleanor (1895).
733:The Old World and the New, A Novel
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318:, and some novels. Her fourth son
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1260:Trollope, Frances Milton (1857).
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603:Domestic Manners of the Americans
492:(1847). While both borrowed from
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222:Domestic Manners of the Americans
141:Domestic Manners of the Americans
55:Oil on canvas of Frances Trollope
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1428:Works by Frances Milton Trollope
1392:Works by Frances Milton Trollope
1052:"Michael Armstrong: Factory Boy"
1036:Victorian Literature and Culture
924:Neville-Sington, Pamela (1997).
546:considers the skilful set-up of
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622:Paris and the Parisians in 1835
462:Paris and the Parisians in 1835
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243:Some recent scholars note that
232:, and she also wrote the first
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1535:19th-century English novelists
992:Three English Women in America
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523:Michael Armstrong: Factory Boy
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770:Frances Trollope bibliography
745:Petticoat Government, A Novel
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1328:The Indomitable Mrs Trollope
1124:10.1016/0006-2952(75)90094-5
900:UK public library membership
590:English Cemetery of Florence
271:
7:
1434:(public domain audiobooks)
988:Pope-Hennessy, Una (1929).
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414:William Makepeace Thackeray
334:published a novel in 1846.
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996:. London: E. Benn Limited.
977:. London: Bentley and Son.
757:The Young Heiress, A Novel
506:Jonathan Jefferson Whitlaw
349:, ward of the French hero
296:, wrote mostly histories:
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1460:"Mrs. Trollope's America"
1286:"Trollope, Anthony"
863:Neville-Sington, Pamela.
721:Town and Country, A Novel
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1180:(Constable 1945) p. 157.
1112:Biochemical Pharmacology
691:The Ward of Thorpe-Combe
649:Vienna and the Austrians
466:Vienna and the Austrians
294:Thomas Adolphus Trollope
266:Frances Eleanor Trollope
250:The New Monthly Magazine
32:Frances Eleanor Trollope
1515:Victorian women writers
1510:Writers from Cincinnati
1500:English women novelists
1292:Encyclopædia Britannica
797:Nicola Diane Thompson,
739:The Lottery of Marriage
332:Cecilia Trollope Tilley
205:Frances Milton Trollope
153:Thomas Anthony Trollope
43:Frances Milton Trollope
1530:English travel writers
1333:Teresa Ransom (1995).
1010:(London, 1945) p. 101.
1008:Trollope: a commentary
1006:Quoted in M. Sadleir,
885:10.1093/ref:odnb/27751
814:(London, 1945) p. 112.
812:Trollope: a commentary
810:Quoted in M. Sadleir,
685:The Refugee in America
446:The Refugee in America
435:
1308:Brenda Ayres (2002).
1207:(London 1993) p. 135.
1203:Quoted in G. Lindop,
642:The Vicar of Wrexhill
532:The Vicar of Wrexhill
510:Harriet Beecher Stowe
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396:literature including
230:Harriet Beecher Stowe
217:Mrs. Frances Trollope
1505:Writers from Bristol
1450:, Cincinnati Library
564:Later life and death
548:Petticoat Government
1520:Victorian novelists
1456:, Cincinnati Memory
1326:E. Bigland, (1953)
709:Young Love, A Novel
521:Published in 1840,
470:Anna Harriett Drury
305:History of Florence
300:Catherine de Medici
284:Marriage and family
1353:Historical fiction
1058:on 27 January 2012
450:Catharine Sedgwick
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410:Joseph Henry Green
278:Stapleton, Bristol
1396:Project Gutenberg
1232:978-0-8160-4670-6
1118:(17): 1639–1641.
898:(Subscription or
655:The Widow Barnaby
571:Project Gutenberg
553:Barchester Towers
536:Church of England
515:Uncle Tom's Cabin
398:Elizabeth Barrett
387:England in 1831.
256:Two of her sons,
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16:(Redirected from
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1414:Internet Archive
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1490:1779 births
1466:, June 2007
1464:Vanity Fair
1137:19 February
1088:19 February
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1079:"LibriVox"
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786:References
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482:The Abbess
480:Next came
357:community
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126:Occupation
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1162:21 August
633:retitled
499:Modernism
453:classes.
290:Heckfield
272:Biography
245:modernist
193:Parent(s)
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1432:LibriVox
1362:(2003).
1178:Trollope
775:Trollope
764:See also
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313:Life of
276:Born at
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