167:). Satellite payload power was from 1300 to 2600 W. This was the first commercial satellite to have a digital avionics system modular in concept. With this system architecture, all key satellite parameters are in software, which permits mission specific requirements to be implemented without hardware changes. The initial satellite structure and configuration designed to early requirements had significant growth potential, which subsequently allowed the payload capability (mass and power) to be more than quadrupled between 1987 and 1992, with a minimum of re qualification. Airbus DS has since developed further the product line in a staged process which mainly increases the satellite power and propulsion capability and real estate for accommodation of equipment and antennas. The overall configuration of Eurostar satellites has essentially not changed in 20 years through the successive generations Eurostar E1000, E2000, E2000+ and E3000. They have just become larger, more powerful, with implementation costs reduced through longer orbit manoeuvring lifetime, and more efficient and powerful payloads. Nowadays the Eurostar E3000 series has been considerably enhanced and updated with the latest technologies, still maintaining the basic proven configuration. A new version E3000e introduced in 2014 uses electric propulsion for orbit raising.
237:
four
Telecom-2 satellites in the constellation had 10 x C-Band transponders, 14 x Ku-Band transponders and 5 x X-Band transponders. Despite the increase in capabilities, the E2000 bus used for Telecom-2 was only slightly heavier than the E1000, with an on-orbit mass of 1.38 t (3,000 lb) and a dry weight of 700 kilograms (1,500 lb), however, like its predecessor, was also designed to accommodate larger payloads with a total launch mass of up to 2.5 t (5,500 lb), should the customer require it. The E2000’s operational/maneuverability life varied by customer, but ranged from 7 to 10 years. The E2000’s main power comes from two swivelling solar arrays, with later models capable of producing up to 3600W per array, or 6200 W total with an optional array spanning 22 m (72 ft).
140:—the former Marconi Space having been merged with Matra's former "Matra Espace" division) which has been used for a series of spacecraft providing telecommunications services in geosynchronous orbit (GEO). More than 70 Eurostar satellites have been ordered to date, of which more than 55 have been successfully launched since October 1990 and have proven highly reliable in operational service. In December 2013, the Eurostar satellites accumulated 500 years of successful operations in orbit. The Eurostar spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs including fixed services and broadcast, mobile services, broadband and secured communications.
25:
296:. The solar array's wingspan is also scalable, and capable of deploying to be up to 45 m (148 ft) wide. The spacecraft's maximum launch mass has increased to 6.4 t (14,000 lb), while its telecommunications payload capacity has been increased to up to 120 installed high-power amplifiers/transponders. In 2018, Airbus D&S launched the first
287:
satellite bus was first launched in 2004 with
Eutesat's Eutelsat W3A payload. Building upon the idea of modularity, the satellite itself can be built with several modules to serve different missions, all based around a common service module, communications module with 1,2, or 3 floors, a chemical or
204:
transponders. The satellite featured a launch mass of 1.31 t (2,900 lb), however, the satellite bus was designed to weigh up to 2.5 t (5,500 lb) to accommodate future customer requirements. Subsequently, the spacecraft also came with different payload power options ranging from
236:
capabilities to the mission to enable the creation of their
Syracuse II military ground-based telecommunications network, and to replace and enhance the role of the Syracuse I systems aboard the aging Telecom-1 fleet. The first of the satellites to be launched would be the Telecom 2A. Each of the
311:
was announced in 2017, offering electric, hybrid, or chemical propulsion, in addition to a scalable power range of 7 kW to 25 kW. In 2021 the first
Eurostar Neo,
300:- a modified E3000 with all-electric propulsion, removing the standard propulsion module and over 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) of excess mass with it. SES-12 for
4590:
4443:
304:
was the first customer for the E3000e in June 2018. At least 48 x E3000 and E3000e satellite busses had been built and launched by the end of 2018.
1617:
1581:
1544:
1063:
1026:
989:
220:
as the launch customer in
December 1991, was a larger and more capable upgrade of the E1000. It was developed from a set of requirements by the
288:
chemical-electric propulsion module, and scalable payload power options. Satellite power can be up to 16 kW (16,000 W) stored in either
2017:
205:
1300 W to 3000 W. This degree of customization was the result of a highly modular design that would carry over onto the upgraded variants.
2602:
4611:
196:
to form the present Airbus
Defence and Space. Three-axis stabilized, and designed for a 10-year service life, the Inmarsat-2 had 4 (+2)
89:
42:
156:) to Inmarsat specifications, for a market which at the time had a design envelope of 1.8-2.5 Tons on the proposed launch vehicles (
3082:
2209:
2173:
2137:
2101:
229:
61:
4480:
244:
satellite bus offered a series of significant upgrades, in addition to being slightly larger than the E2000. Upgrades included:
68:
3964:
3667:
3632:
3597:
3562:
180:
The original
Eurostar E1000 satellite was designed for the Inmarsat-2 fleet requirements by an international team led by
4554:
75:
4645:
3744:
225:
108:
329:
The
Eurostar satellite structures are modular with a separate Service-Propulsion module and Communications module.
57:
4586:
2825:
2788:
185:
208:
A total of four satellites based on the E1000 bus have been built and launched, all of which were for
Inmarsat.
1444:
321:
As of 2020, a total of 84 Eurostar satellites had been ordered, with 6 E3000e satellites already in operation.
46:
257:
Capability to carry up to 48 high powered amplifiers in addition to large multiple antenna configurations
4513:
Eurostar E3000 Satellite On-Board
Software Development of a product line towards multiple system needs
4442:
Astrium celebrates 500 years of successful Eurostar satellite operation in orbit, UKspace, 27.12.2013
82:
4640:
3409:
2610:
2573:
153:
129:
1944:
289:
35:
188:(BAe Dynamics), the former of which would ultimately acquire BAe Dynamics to eventually become
3147:
4511:
160:
3445:
3155:
3119:
8:
293:
275:. At least 23 E2000 and E2000+ satellite busses were built, with a total of 22 launches.
181:
149:
137:
3955:
4484:
4533:
4370:
4562:
4386:
193:
4455:
2456:
284:
217:
4456:"Eurostar E3000 Three-Year Flight Experience and Perspective (AIAA-2007-3124)"
2896:
2309:
2273:
2237:
1472:
602:
566:
488:
452:
415:
378:
4634:
3295:
3225:
3048:
3012:
2932:
2682:
2646:
2201:
2129:
2061:
1980:
1916:
1880:
1843:
1806:
1769:
1733:
1697:
1661:
1108:
301:
201:
157:
125:
3111:
3481:
2419:
2382:
2345:
2165:
2093:
4028:
3991:
3919:
3883:
2710:
1136:
960:
923:
674:
638:
3373:
1508:
710:
3659:
3624:
3589:
3554:
3283:
2817:
2780:
2565:
2333:
2261:
2004:
1436:
24:
4460:
25th AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference
4352:
4305:
4274:
4242:
4210:
4178:
4087:
4053:
4037:
4016:
4000:
3979:
3943:
3927:
3907:
3891:
3871:
3855:
3836:
3759:
3736:
3682:
3647:
3612:
3577:
3542:
3505:
3489:
3469:
3433:
3397:
3381:
3319:
3303:
3267:
3233:
3171:
3135:
3098:
3064:
3028:
2991:
2975:
2940:
2920:
2904:
2841:
2804:
2768:
2698:
2662:
2626:
2589:
2552:
2536:
2515:
2499:
2480:
2464:
2443:
2427:
2406:
2390:
2369:
2353:
2317:
2297:
2281:
2245:
2225:
2189:
2153:
2117:
2081:
2065:
2041:
1988:
1968:
1932:
1908:
1896:
1872:
1859:
1835:
1822:
1798:
1785:
1761:
1749:
1725:
1713:
1689:
1677:
1653:
1641:
1605:
1568:
1532:
1496:
1480:
1459:
1382:
1345:
1329:
1321:
1308:
1292:
1284:
1271:
1255:
1247:
1234:
1218:
1210:
1197:
1181:
1173:
1160:
1144:
1124:
1100:
1087:
1050:
1013:
976:
952:
939:
915:
861:
829:
797:
765:
732:
698:
662:
626:
610:
590:
574:
512:
496:
476:
460:
439:
423:
402:
386:
315:
312:
272:
268:
248:
Increased efficiency in its ability to operate over 40 transponders
164:
4453:
232:(DGA). The DGA had decided to repartner with CNES in order to add
4404:
4105:
4071:
3820:
3526:
3518:
3453:
3417:
3249:
2718:
2025:
1952:
1625:
1589:
1552:
1516:
1366:
1071:
1034:
997:
682:
646:
251:
Increased maximum launch mass of up to 3.4 t (7,500 lb)
189:
133:
4516:(PDF), Toulouse, France: HAL Archives and EAD Astrium, p. 3
3040:
3004:
2674:
2528:
2053:
233:
197:
4536:[The second generation Telecom] (in French). Eurespace
4336:
2956:
2752:
2734:
2638:
1358:
221:
4155:
3797:
3719:
3356:
3208:
2879:
1419:
898:
549:
361:
263:
Integration of CCSDS telemetry and telecommand protocols.
4510:
Breton, D.; Rossignol, A. (2006-01-27), "HAL Archives",
254:
Increased payload power up to 6.2 kW (6,200 W)
4454:
Jean-François Poussin; Gerard Berger (April 13, 2007).
4505:
4503:
4501:
278:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4498:
148:Eurostar was designed in the mid 1980s jointly by
4581:
4579:
2615:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
2250:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
1666:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
1557:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
1521:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
1149:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
721:Television broadcasting & satellite internet
307:An improved model based on the E3000e called the
4632:
4483:. space.skyrocket.de. 2017-12-11. Archived from
4509:
4604:
4576:
2286:Television broadcasting & satellite relay
4612:"First Airbus Eurostar Neo satellite is born"
850:Communications & military communications
818:Communications & military communications
786:Communications & military communications
754:Communications & military communications
615:Communications & military communications
579:Communications & military communications
260:Increased maneuverability life to 15 years
136:, and before 1994, British Aerospace, and
4614:(Press release). Airbus. 12 February 2021
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2033:30 Ku-band, 24 Ka-band, 18 Reverse band
1960:30 Ku-band, 24 Ka-band, 18 Reverse band
211:
216:The Eurostar E2000, which debuted with
4633:
16:Telecommunications satellite platform
3965:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
3668:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
3633:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
3598:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
3563:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
2855:
332:
13:
3184:
2796:14 C-band, 25 Ku-band, 21 Ka-band
2253:51 C-band, 51 Ku band, 51 Ka-band
14:
4657:
3461:24 C-band, 32 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band
3332:
874:
279:Eurostar E3000 & Eurostar Neo
230:Directorate-General for Armaments
175:
4534:"La deuxième génération Telecom"
2181:24 C-band, 36 Ku-band, 2 L-band
1395:
853:10 C-band, 11 Ku-band, 5 X-band
821:10 C-band, 11 Ku-band, 5 X-band
789:10 C-band, 11 Ku-band, 5 X-band
757:10 C-band, 11 Ku-band, 5 X-band
525:
337:
318:13F, started final integration.
23:
4593:from the original on 2020-10-09
3773:
2145:30 C-band, 2 Ka-band, 3 L-band
2109:30 C-band, 2 Ka-band, 3 L-band
186:British Aerospace Space Systems
152:and BAe (now integrated within
34:needs additional citations for
4589:. Airbus Defence & Space.
4547:
4526:
4473:
4447:
4436:
2833:25 Ka-band, 21 secure Ka-band
1924:40 Ku-band, 3 Ka-band, L-band
267:The first E2000+ customer was
143:
1:
4430:
3695:
1239:Known as Eutelsat W75/ABS 1B
324:
58:"Eurostar" satellite bus
2557:Known as Eutelsat KA-SAT 9A
7:
4163:
4135:
3805:
3777:
3727:
3699:
3364:
3336:
3216:
3188:
2887:
2859:
2009:Known as Eutelsat 7 West A
1427:
1399:
906:
878:
557:
529:
369:
341:
10:
4662:
3103:Also known as Comsat-NG 2
2058:Luxembourg, United States
192:and eventually merge with
4646:European space programmes
4313:Reconfigurable multiband
4282:Reconfigurable multiband
4131:
2289:66 Ku-band, EDRS payload
4481:"Inmarsat-2 F1, 2, 3, 4"
4042:Military communications
4005:Military communications
3969:Military communications
3932:Television broadcasting
3896:Television broadcasting
3860:Television broadcasting
3672:Military communications
3637:Military communications
3602:Military communications
3567:Military communications
3386:Television broadcasting
3087:Military communications
3053:Television broadcasting
2687:Television broadcasting
2651:Television broadcasting
2618:C-band, Ku-band, L-band
2611:MEASAT Satellite Systems
2574:MEASAT Satellite Systems
2541:Television broadcasting
2504:Television broadcasting
2432:Television broadcasting
2395:Television broadcasting
2358:Television broadcasting
2070:Television broadcasting
2030:Television broadcasting
1993:Television broadcasting
1957:Television broadcasting
1921:Television broadcasting
1885:Television broadcasting
1848:Television broadcasting
1811:Television broadcasting
1774:Television broadcasting
1738:Television broadcasting
1702:Television broadcasting
1449:Military communications
1371:Television broadcasting
1334:Television broadcasting
1297:Television broadcasting
1260:Television broadcasting
1223:Television broadcasting
1186:Television broadcasting
687:Television broadcasting
651:Television broadcasting
226:Ministry of Armed Forces
200:transponders and 1 (+1)
170:
154:Airbus Defence and Space
130:Airbus Defence and Space
3828:C-band, Ku-band, TELEO
3764:Known as GEO-Kompsat 1
2507:81 Ku-band, 21 Ka-band
2435:64 Ku-band, 64 Ka-band
2398:64 Ku-band, 64 Ka-band
2361:64 Ku-band, 64 Ka-band
2217:70 Ku-band, 70 Ka-band
1633:24 Ku-band, 27 Ka-band
1560:56 Ku-band, 56 Ka-band
4110:Mobile communications
4076:Mobile communications
3534:32 Ku-band, 8 Ka-band
3497:38 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band
3425:24 C-band, 32 Ku-band
3389:36 Ku-band, 27 C-band
3308:Mobile communications
3272:Mobile communications
3238:Mobile communications
3056:C-band, Ku-band, GOLD
3020:68 Ku-band, 8 Ka-band
2912:14 C-band, 36 Ku-band
2654:38 C-band, 36 Ku-band
2520:Known as Sky-Brasil 1
2472:45 C-band, 16 Ku-band
2448:Known as Eutelsat 33E
2073:24 Ku-band, 24 C-band
1888:52 Ku-band, 4 Ka-band
1864:Known as Eutelsat 28G
1851:62 Ku-band, 4 Ka-band
1827:Known as Eutelsat 28F
1814:60 Ku-band, 3 Ka-band
1790:Known as Eutelsat 28E
1777:60 Ku-band, 3 Ka-band
1597:26 C-band, 12 Ka-band
1524:16 C-band, 24 Ku-band
1488:54 Ku-band, 10 C-band
1464:Known as Koreasat 116
1374:16 Ku-band, 14 C-band
1276:Known as Eutelsat 16B
1202:Known as Eutelsat 48A
1079:24 C-band, 20 Ku-band
1005:24 C-band, 16 Ku-band
718:Orion Network Systems
224:(CNES) and the French
4102:United Arab Emirates
4068:United Arab Emirates
4045:X-band, Ka-band, UHF
4008:X-band, Ka-band, UHF
3510:Known as Eutelsat 7A
2822:United Arab Emirates
2785:United Arab Emirates
2411:Known as Hotbird 13C
2374:Known as Hotbird 13B
2054:EchoStar 105 / SES 11
1350:Known as Eutelsat 4B
1313:Known as Eutelsat 4B
1165:Known as Eutelsat 4A
618:12 Ku-band, 3 X-band
582:12 Ku-band, 3 X-band
294:Lithium-Ion batteries
212:Eurostar E2000/E2000+
4565:on December 28, 2016
2485:Known as Thor 10-02
2274:Eutelsat 9B / EDRS A
981:Known as Spectrum 2
944:Known as Spectrum 1
737:Known as Telstar 11
43:improve this article
4559:www.astronautix.com
2753:Government of Egypt
504:4 L-band, 1 C-band
468:4 L-band, 1 C-band
431:4 L-band, 1 C-band
394:4 L-band, 1 C-band
222:French Space Agency
182:Matra Marconi Space
150:Matra Marconi Space
138:Matra Marconi Space
2846:Known as Al Yah 2
2809:Known as Al Yah 1
2594:Known as Jabiru 2
1363:Singapore, Taiwan
4428:
4427:
4378:Ka-band, Ku-band
4129:
4128:
3771:
3770:
3693:
3692:
3538:19 September 2008
3330:
3329:
3182:
3181:
3163:Ku-band, Ka-band
2853:
2852:
2585:11 September 2014
2000:24 September 2011
1818:28 September 2012
1781:29 September 2013
1601:21 September 2011
1393:
1392:
1120:14 September 2000
872:
871:
586:10 September 1992
523:
522:
119:
118:
111:
93:
4653:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4583:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4561:. Archived from
4551:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4541:
4530:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4507:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4451:
4445:
4440:
4424:Awaiting launch
4417:
4393:Awaiting launch
4383:
4371:SKY Perfect JSAT
4359:Awaiting launch
4349:
4325:Awaiting launch
4318:
4294:Awaiting launch
4287:
4263:Awaiting launch
4255:
4231:Awaiting launch
4223:
4199:Awaiting launch
4191:
4136:
4125:Awaiting launch
4118:
4094:Awaiting launch
4084:
4060:Awaiting launch
4050:
4023:Awaiting launch
4013:
3986:Awaiting launch
3976:
3940:
3904:
3878:Awaiting launch
3868:
3841:Known as Badr 8
3833:
3778:
3756:
3700:
3679:
3678:19 December 2012
3644:
3609:
3608:14 November 2007
3574:
3539:
3502:
3466:
3430:
3429:8 September 2005
3394:
3337:
3316:
3280:
3246:
3189:
3168:
3167:19 December 2021
3132:
3095:
3090:X-band, Ka-band
3061:
3025:
2988:
2987:18 February 2023
2983:L-band, Ka-band
2953:
2952:22 December 2021
2948:L-band, Ka-band
2917:
2860:
2856:Eurostar-3000EOR
2838:
2801:
2765:
2764:26 November 2019
2731:
2730:24 November 2015
2695:
2659:
2623:
2586:
2549:
2548:26 December 2010
2512:
2511:14 February 2017
2477:
2440:
2439:12 February 2009
2403:
2402:20 December 2008
2366:
2330:
2294:
2258:
2222:
2221:24 December 2015
2186:
2150:
2114:
2078:
2038:
2001:
1965:
1929:
1893:
1856:
1855:27 December 2014
1819:
1782:
1746:
1710:
1674:
1638:
1637:10 November 2015
1602:
1573:Known as Badr 5
1565:
1529:
1493:
1456:
1400:
1379:
1342:
1341:11 December 2002
1305:
1268:
1267:27 February 1998
1231:
1230:2 September 1997
1194:
1193:21 November 1996
1157:
1156:6 September 2000
1121:
1092:Known as Badr 6
1084:
1055:Known as Badr 4
1047:
1018:Known as Badr 1
1010:
1009:28 February 2006
973:
936:
879:
858:
826:
794:
762:
761:16 December 1991
729:
695:
659:
623:
587:
530:
509:
473:
472:16 December 1991
436:
399:
342:
333:Satellite orders
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4641:Satellite buses
4631:
4630:
4627:
4617:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4596:
4594:
4585:
4584:
4577:
4568:
4566:
4555:"Eurostar 3000"
4553:
4552:
4548:
4539:
4537:
4532:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4517:
4508:
4499:
4490:
4488:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4452:
4448:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4415:
4409:Communications
4381:
4375:Communications
4347:
4341:Communications
4316:
4310:Communications
4285:
4279:Communications
4253:
4247:Communications
4221:
4215:Communications
4189:
4183:Communications
4134:
4116:
4082:
4048:
4011:
3974:
3961:United Kingdom
3939:3 November 2022
3938:
3903:15 October 2022
3902:
3866:
3831:
3825:Communications
3776:
3754:
3698:
3677:
3664:United Kingdom
3642:
3629:United Kingdom
3607:
3594:United Kingdom
3572:
3559:United Kingdom
3537:
3531:Communications
3500:
3494:Communications
3464:
3458:Communications
3428:
3422:Communications
3392:
3335:
3314:
3279:8 November 2005
3278:
3244:
3187:
3185:Eurostar-3000GM
3166:
3160:Communications
3130:
3124:Communications
3093:
3060:25 January 2018
3059:
3023:
3017:Communications
2996:Known as GX 6B
2986:
2980:Communications
2961:Known as GX 6A
2951:
2945:Communications
2915:
2909:Communications
2858:
2836:
2830:Communications
2799:
2793:Communications
2763:
2757:Communications
2729:
2723:Communications
2693:
2657:
2621:
2584:
2578:Communications
2547:
2510:
2475:
2469:Communications
2438:
2401:
2364:
2329:3 December 2012
2328:
2322:Communications
2293:29 January 2016
2292:
2256:
2220:
2214:Communications
2184:
2178:Communications
2160:Launch failure
2148:
2142:Communications
2124:Launch failure
2112:
2106:Communications
2077:11 October 2017
2076:
2036:
1999:
1981:Atlantic Bird 7
1963:
1927:
1891:
1854:
1817:
1780:
1744:
1708:
1673:5 November 2008
1672:
1636:
1630:Communications
1600:
1594:Communications
1563:
1527:
1491:
1485:Communications
1454:
1398:
1377:
1353:Launch failure
1340:
1303:
1266:
1229:
1192:
1155:
1119:
1113:Communications
1082:
1076:Communications
1046:8 November 2006
1045:
1039:Communications
1021:Launch failure
1008:
1002:Communications
971:
965:Communications
935:28 October 1998
934:
928:Communications
877:
856:
847:France Telecom
825:6 December 1995
824:
815:France Telecom
792:
783:France Telecom
760:
751:France Telecom
727:
693:
657:
621:
585:
528:
507:
501:Communications
471:
465:Communications
434:
428:Communications
398:30 October 1990
397:
391:Communications
340:
335:
327:
281:
214:
194:Airbus Military
178:
173:
146:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4659:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4626:
4625:
4603:
4575:
4546:
4525:
4497:
4472:
4446:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4368:
4365:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4303:
4302:International
4300:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4272:
4271:International
4269:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4240:
4239:International
4237:
4236:Inmarsat-7 F3
4233:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4208:
4207:International
4205:
4204:Inmarsat-7 F2
4201:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4176:
4175:International
4173:
4172:Inmarsat-7 F1
4169:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4154:Launch date (
4152:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4035:
4032:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4006:
4003:
3998:
3995:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3959:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3925:
3924:International
3922:
3916:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3889:
3888:International
3886:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3853:
3852:International
3850:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3796:Launch date (
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3742:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3718:Launch date (
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3665:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3595:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3560:
3557:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3524:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3487:
3486:International
3484:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3415:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3355:Launch date (
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3334:
3333:Eurostar-3000S
3331:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3317:
3315:18 August 2008
3312:
3309:
3306:
3301:
3300:International
3298:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3265:
3264:International
3262:
3261:Inmarsat-4 F2
3258:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3230:International
3228:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3207:Launch date (
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3131:8 January 2021
3128:
3125:
3122:
3117:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3046:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3010:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2973:
2972:International
2970:
2969:Inmarsat-6 F2
2966:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2937:International
2935:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2902:
2901:International
2899:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2878:Launch date (
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2823:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2786:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2715:United States
2713:
2707:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2644:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2534:
2533:International
2531:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2497:
2496:International
2494:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2461:International
2459:
2457:Intelsat 10-02
2453:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2425:
2424:International
2422:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2388:
2387:International
2385:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2351:
2350:International
2348:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2314:International
2312:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2278:International
2276:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2243:
2242:International
2240:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2171:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2135:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2115:
2113:17 August 2011
2110:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2059:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2022:United States
2020:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1985:International
1983:
1977:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1950:
1949:United States
1947:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1587:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1478:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1418:Launch date (
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1380:
1378:25 August 1998
1375:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1326:International
1324:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1304:9 October 1998
1301:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1289:International
1287:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1252:International
1250:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1216:
1215:International
1213:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1178:International
1176:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1141:International
1139:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1003:
1000:
995:
992:
986:
985:
982:
979:
974:
969:
966:
963:
958:
957:United States
955:
949:
948:
945:
942:
937:
932:
929:
926:
921:
920:United States
918:
912:
911:
908:
905:
902:
897:Launch date (
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
876:
875:Eurostar-2000+
873:
870:
869:
866:
864:
859:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
838:
837:
834:
832:
827:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
806:
805:
802:
800:
795:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
774:
773:
770:
768:
763:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
742:
741:
738:
735:
730:
725:
722:
719:
716:
715:United States
713:
707:
706:
703:
701:
696:
691:
688:
685:
680:
677:
671:
670:
667:
665:
660:
655:
652:
649:
644:
641:
635:
634:
631:
629:
624:
619:
616:
613:
608:
605:
599:
598:
595:
593:
588:
583:
580:
577:
572:
569:
563:
562:
559:
556:
553:
548:Launch date (
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
527:
524:
521:
520:
517:
515:
510:
505:
502:
499:
494:
493:International
491:
485:
484:
481:
479:
474:
469:
466:
463:
458:
457:International
455:
449:
448:
445:
443:
437:
432:
429:
426:
421:
420:International
418:
412:
411:
408:
406:
400:
395:
392:
389:
384:
383:International
381:
375:
374:
371:
368:
365:
360:Launch date (
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
339:
336:
334:
331:
326:
323:
285:Eurostar E3000
280:
277:
265:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
218:France Telecom
213:
210:
177:
176:Eurostar E1000
174:
172:
169:
145:
142:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4658:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4629:
4613:
4607:
4592:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4535:
4529:
4515:
4514:
4506:
4504:
4502:
4487:on 2020-10-09
4486:
4482:
4476:
4461:
4457:
4450:
4444:
4439:
4435:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4260:Known as GX9
4259:
4257:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4228:Known as GX8
4227:
4225:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:Known as GX7
4195:
4193:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3849:Eutelsat 36D
3848:
3847:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:Saudi Arabia
3816:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3573:11 March 2007
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3501:15 March 2004
3499:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3393:4 August 2004
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Inmarsat-4 F3
3294:
3293:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3245:11 March 2005
3243:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3226:Inmarsat-4 F1
3224:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3041:SES-14 / GOLD
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:Inmarsat-6 F1
2931:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2897:Eutelsat 172B
2895:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2837:23 April 2012
2835:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2800:22 April 2011
2798:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2694:30 March 2017
2692:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:Intelsat 32e
2492:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2365:4 August 2006
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2202:Ekspress-AMU1
2200:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2185:18 March 2015
2183:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2130:Ekspress AM4R
2128:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1945:AT&T T-16
1943:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1928:22 March 2014
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1745:6 August 2011
1743:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1709:6 August 2011
1707:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:Saudi Arabia
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:Saudi Arabia
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:Saudi Arabia
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:Saudi Arabia
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1396:Eurostar-3000
1388:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:Saudi Arabia
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:Saudi Arabia
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:Saudi Arabia
993:
991:
988:
987:
983:
980:
978:
975:
972:21 March 2000
970:
967:
964:
962:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
941:
938:
933:
930:
927:
925:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
909:
903:
900:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
880:
867:
865:
863:
860:
857:8 August 1996
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
839:
835:
833:
831:
828:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
807:
803:
801:
799:
796:
793:15 April 1992
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
775:
771:
769:
767:
764:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
743:
739:
736:
734:
731:
728:28 April 1998
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
712:
709:
708:
704:
702:
700:
697:
694:28 April 1998
692:
689:
686:
684:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
668:
666:
664:
661:
658:28 April 1998
656:
653:
650:
648:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
632:
630:
628:
625:
620:
617:
614:
612:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
596:
594:
592:
589:
584:
581:
578:
576:
573:
570:
568:
565:
564:
560:
554:
551:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
531:
526:Eurostar-2000
518:
516:
514:
511:
508:15 April 1992
506:
503:
500:
498:
495:
492:
490:
489:Inmarsat-2 F2
487:
486:
482:
480:
478:
475:
470:
467:
464:
462:
459:
456:
454:
453:Inmarsat-2 F3
451:
450:
446:
444:
441:
438:
433:
430:
427:
425:
422:
419:
417:
416:Inmarsat-2 F2
414:
413:
409:
407:
404:
401:
396:
393:
390:
388:
385:
382:
380:
379:Inmarsat-2 F1
377:
376:
372:
366:
363:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
343:
338:Eurostar-1000
330:
322:
319:
317:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
276:
274:
270:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
246:
245:
243:
238:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
209:
206:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
168:
166:
162:
159:
155:
151:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:satellite bus
123:
113:
110:
102:
99:February 2010
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
4628:
4616:. Retrieved
4606:
4595:. Retrieved
4567:. Retrieved
4563:the original
4558:
4549:
4538:. Retrieved
4528:
4518:, retrieved
4512:
4489:. Retrieved
4485:the original
4475:
4463:. Retrieved
4459:
4449:
4438:
4398:Thaicom TBD
4364:Superbird-9
4299:Intelsat 43
4268:Intelsat 42
3867:30 Mars 2024
3774:Eurostar-Neo
3760:Ariane 5 ECA
3755:26 June 2010
3749:Meteorology
3741:South Korea
3683:Ariane 5 ECA
3648:Ariane 5 ECA
3643:12 June 2008
3613:Ariane 5 ECA
3578:Ariane 5 ECA
3482:Eutelsat W3A
3465:9 April 2007
3099:Ariane 5 ECA
3076:Syracuse 4B
3065:Ariane 5 ECA
2921:Ariane 5 ECA
2805:Ariane 5 ECA
2769:Ariane 5 ECA
2627:Ariane 5 ECA
2622:22 June 2022
2590:Ariane 5 ECA
2516:Ariane 5 ECA
2476:16 June 2004
2444:Ariane 5 ECA
2407:Ariane 5 ECA
2310:Eutelsat 70B
2166:Ekspress AM7
2094:Ekspress AM4
2042:Ariane 5 ECA
1969:Ariane 5 ECA
1964:20 June 2019
1933:Ariane 5 ECA
1897:Ariane 5 ECA
1823:Ariane 5 ECA
1750:Ariane 5 ECA
1714:Ariane 5 ECA
1642:Ariane 5 ECA
1606:Ariane 5 ECA
1533:Ariane 5 ECA
1528:26 June 2010
1497:Ariane 5 ECA
1492:20 July 2020
1455:20 July 2020
1441:South Korea
1346:Ariane 5 ECA
1088:Ariane 5 ECA
622:22 July 1993
435:8 March 1991
328:
320:
309:Eurostar Neo
308:
306:
297:
282:
266:
241:
239:
215:
207:
179:
147:
121:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4029:Spainsat NG
3992:Spainsat NG
3935:80 Ku-band
3920:Hotbird 13G
3899:80 Ku-band
3884:Hotbird 13F
3863:70 Ku-band
3832:27 May 2023
3814:Arabsat 7B
3250:Atlas V 431
3094:5 July 2023
3045:Luxembourg
3024:4 June 2018
3009:Luxembourg
2916:1 June 2017
2726:52 Ku-band
2711:Telstar 12V
2690:50 Ku-band
2679:Luxembourg
2658:3 June 2013
2643:Luxembourg
2581:48 Ku-band
2325:48 Ku-band
2257:26 May 2014
2238:Eutelsat 3B
2149:15 May 2014
2037:27 May 2015
1996:56 Ku-band
1913:Luxembourg
1892:21 May 2010
1877:Luxembourg
1840:Luxembourg
1803:Luxembourg
1766:Luxembourg
1741:55 Ku-band
1730:Luxembourg
1705:55 Ku-band
1694:Luxembourg
1669:32 Ku-band
1658:Luxembourg
1564:3 June 2010
1337:40 Ku-band
1300:20 Ku-band
1263:20 Ku-band
1235:Ariane-44LP
1226:20 Ku-band
1189:20 Ku-band
1152:28 Ku-band
1137:Eutelsat W1
1116:30 Ku-band
1105:Luxembourg
1083:7 July 2008
1064:Arabsat 4AR
1042:28 Ku-band
961:1worldspace
924:1worldspace
841:Telecom 2D
809:Telecom 2C
777:Telecom 2B
745:Telecom 2A
724:34 Ku-band
690:12 Ku-band
675:Nilesat 102
654:12 Ku-band
639:Nilesat 101
603:Hispasat 1B
567:Hispasat 1A
144:Development
4635:Categories
4618:9 November
4597:2020-10-09
4587:"Eurostar"
4569:2021-02-11
4540:2020-10-09
4520:2020-10-09
4491:2020-10-09
4431:References
4333:Australia
4139:Satellite
4099:Thuraya 5
4065:Thuraya 4
3781:Satellite
3703:Satellite
3696:AstroBus-G
3374:Amazonas 1
3340:Satellite
3192:Satellite
3148:TĂĽrksat 5B
3112:TĂĽrksat 5A
2863:Satellite
2420:Hotbird 10
2018:DirecTV 15
1618:Arabsat-6B
1582:Arabsat-5C
1545:Arabsat-5B
1509:Arabsat-5A
1473:Amazonas 2
1403:Satellite
1383:Ariane-44P
1272:Ariane-44P
1161:Ariane-44P
1027:Arabsat 4B
990:Arabsat 4A
940:Ariane-44L
882:Satellite
862:Ariane-44L
830:Ariane-44L
798:Ariane-44L
766:Ariane-44L
699:Ariane-44P
663:Ariane-44P
627:Ariane-44L
591:Ariane-44L
533:Satellite
513:Ariane-44L
477:Ariane-44L
345:Satellite
325:Modularity
273:Hot Bird 2
132:(formerly
69:newspapers
4401:Thailand
4353:Ariane 64
4330:Optus 11
4151:Coverage
4145:Operator
3793:Coverage
3787:Operator
3715:Coverage
3709:Operator
3660:Skynet 5D
3625:Skynet 5C
3590:Skynet 5B
3555:Skynet 5A
3352:Coverage
3346:Operator
3284:Zenit-3SL
3204:Coverage
3198:Operator
2957:H-IIA 204
2875:Coverage
2869:Operator
2818:Yahsat 1B
2781:Yahsat 1A
2735:H-IIA 204
2607:Malaysia
2603:MEASAT-3d
2570:Malaysia
2566:MEASAT-3b
2383:Hotbird 9
2346:Hotbird 8
2334:Zenit-3SL
2262:Zenit-3SL
2005:Zenit-3SL
1437:ANASIS-II
1415:Coverage
1409:Operator
1322:Hotbird 7
1309:Atlas IIA
1285:Hotbird 5
1248:Hotbird 4
1211:Hotbird 3
1198:Atlas IIA
1174:Hotbird 2
1125:Ariane 5G
977:Ariane 5G
968:3 L-band
931:3 L-band
894:Coverage
888:Operator
733:Atlas IIA
545:Coverage
539:Operator
357:Coverage
351:Operator
4591:Archived
4412:Ku-band
4387:Starship
4344:Ku-band
4306:Intelsat
4275:Intelsat
4250:Ka-band
4243:Inmarsat
4218:Ka-band
4211:Inmarsat
4186:Ka-band
4179:Inmarsat
4164:Changes
4142:Country
4088:Falcon 9
4054:Falcon 9
4038:Hispasat
4017:Falcon 9
4001:Hispasat
3980:Falcon 9
3944:Falcon 9
3928:Eutelsat
3908:Falcon 9
3892:Eutelsat
3872:Falcon 9
3856:Eutelsat
3837:Falcon 9
3806:Changes
3784:Country
3737:Chollian
3728:Changes
3706:Country
3543:Proton-M
3506:Proton-M
3490:Eutelsat
3470:Proton-M
3434:Proton-M
3404:Retired
3398:Proton-M
3382:Hispasat
3365:Changes
3343:Country
3320:Proton-M
3304:Inmarsat
3268:Inmarsat
3234:Inmarsat
3217:Changes
3195:Country
3172:Falcon 9
3136:Falcon 9
3127:Ku-band
3029:Falcon 9
2992:Falcon 9
2976:Inmarsat
2941:Inmarsat
2905:Eutelsat
2888:Changes
2866:Country
2842:Proton-M
2760:Ka-band
2699:Falcon 9
2663:Proton-M
2553:Proton-M
2544:Ka-band
2537:Eutelsat
2500:Intelsat
2481:Proton-M
2465:Intelsat
2428:Eutelsat
2391:Eutelsat
2370:Proton-M
2354:Eutelsat
2318:Eutelsat
2298:Proton-M
2282:Eutelsat
2246:Eutelsat
2226:Proton-M
2190:Proton-M
2154:Proton-M
2118:Proton-M
2082:Falcon 9
2066:EchoStar
1989:Eutelsat
1909:Astra 5B
1873:Astra 3B
1860:Proton-M
1836:Astra 2G
1799:Astra 2F
1786:Proton-M
1762:Astra 2E
1726:Astra 1N
1690:Astra 1N
1678:Proton-M
1654:Astra 1M
1569:Proton-M
1481:Hispasat
1460:Falcon 9
1428:Changes
1406:Country
1389:Retired
1330:Eutelsat
1316:Retired
1293:Eutelsat
1279:Retired
1256:Eutelsat
1219:Eutelsat
1205:Retired
1182:Eutelsat
1168:Retired
1145:Eutelsat
1131:Retired
1101:Astra 2B
1051:Proton-M
1014:Proton-M
953:AsiaStar
947:Retired
916:AfriStar
907:Changes
885:Country
868:Retired
836:Retired
804:Retired
772:Retired
740:Retired
705:Retired
669:Retired
633:Retired
611:Hispasat
597:Retired
575:Hispasat
558:Changes
536:Country
519:Retired
497:Inmarsat
483:Retired
461:Inmarsat
447:Retired
440:Delta II
424:Inmarsat
410:Retired
403:Delta II
387:Inmarsat
370:Changes
348:Country
316:Hot Bird
313:Eutelsat
269:Eutelsat
228:via the
165:Ariane 4
128:made by
122:Eurostar
4405:Thaicom
4167:Status
4161:Rocket
4113:L-band
4106:Thuraya
4079:L-band
4072:Thuraya
3950:Active
3914:Active
3844:Active
3821:Arabsat
3809:Status
3803:Rocket
3767:Active
3731:Status
3725:Rocket
3689:Active
3654:Active
3619:Active
3584:Active
3549:Active
3527:Telesat
3523:Canada
3519:Nimiq-4
3513:Active
3476:Active
3454:Telesat
3450:Canada
3446:Anik F3
3440:Active
3418:Telesat
3414:Canada
3410:Anik F1
3368:Status
3362:Rocket
3326:Active
3311:L-band
3290:Active
3275:L-band
3256:Active
3241:L-band
3220:Status
3214:Rocket
3178:Active
3156:TĂĽrksat
3152:Turkey
3142:Active
3120:TĂĽrksat
3116:Turkey
3106:Active
3079:France
3071:Active
3035:Active
2999:Active
2964:Active
2927:Active
2891:Status
2885:Rocket
2849:Active
2812:Active
2775:Active
2746:Tiba 1
2741:Active
2719:Telesat
2705:Active
2669:Active
2633:Active
2597:Active
2560:Active
2523:Active
2488:Active
2451:Active
2414:Active
2377:Active
2340:Active
2304:Active
2268:Active
2232:Active
2206:Russia
2196:Active
2170:Russia
2134:Russia
2098:Russia
2088:Active
2048:Active
2026:DirecTV
2012:Active
1975:Active
1953:DirecTV
1939:Active
1903:Active
1867:Active
1830:Active
1793:Active
1756:Active
1720:Active
1684:Active
1648:Active
1626:Arabsat
1612:Active
1590:Arabsat
1576:Active
1553:Arabsat
1539:Active
1517:Arabsat
1503:Active
1467:Active
1431:Status
1425:Rocket
1367:Singtel
1242:Active
1095:Active
1072:Arabsat
1058:Active
1035:Arabsat
998:Arabsat
984:Active
910:Status
904:Rocket
844:France
812:France
780:France
748:France
711:Orion 1
683:Nilesat
647:Nilesat
561:Status
555:Rocket
373:Status
367:Rocket
190:Astrium
134:Astrium
83:scholar
4367:Japan
4132:OneSat
4034:Spain
3997:Spain
3956:Skynet
3378:Spain
3005:SES-12
2826:Al Yah
2789:Al Yah
2749:Egypt
2675:SES-10
2529:KA-SAT
1477:Spain
679:Egypt
643:Egypt
607:Spain
571:Spain
298:E3000e
242:E2000+
234:X-Band
202:C-Band
198:L-band
161:PAM D2
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
4465:1 May
4337:Optus
4148:Type
3790:Type
3712:Type
3349:Type
3201:Type
2872:Type
2639:SES-6
1412:Type
891:Type
542:Type
442:6925
405:6925
354:Type
171:Range
124:is a
90:JSTOR
76:books
4620:2021
4467:2023
4416:202x
4382:2024
4348:2023
4317:2023
4286:2023
4254:202x
4222:202x
4190:2023
4117:202x
4083:2024
4049:2025
4012:2024
3975:2025
3745:KARI
2210:RSCC
2174:RSCC
2138:RSCC
2102:RSCC
1359:ST-1
290:NiH2
283:The
240:The
184:and
163:and
62:news
4156:GMT
4031:II
3958:6A
3798:GMT
3720:GMT
3357:GMT
3209:GMT
3083:DGA
3049:SES
3013:SES
2880:GMT
2683:SES
2647:SES
2062:SES
1917:SES
1881:SES
1844:SES
1807:SES
1770:SES
1734:SES
1698:SES
1662:SES
1445:ADD
1420:GMT
1109:SES
899:GMT
550:GMT
362:GMT
302:SES
292:or
271:'s
158:STS
45:by
4637::
4578:^
4557:.
4500:^
4458:.
4158:)
3994:I
3800:)
3722:)
3359:)
3211:)
2882:)
2064:,
1422:)
901:)
552:)
364:)
4622:.
4600:.
4572:.
4543:.
4494:.
4469:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
