60:
e tell you of a surety, the decree hath already passed the judgment seat of an undeviating God, wherein he hath said, "surely hath the cries of the black, a most persecuted people, ascended to my throne and craved my mercy; now, behold! I will stretch forth mine hand and gather them to the palm, that
36:
In it the author envisioned the coming of a Black messiah. It contains one of the earliest extent calls for the reassembling of the
African "race", of their need to become a people, a nation in themselves. He makes no distinction between African people throughout the world; for him, they are all
48:
mother, this messiah, though Black, would be light-skinned. If some person was in mind as a model for this messiah, he has not been identified. This messiah was to lead the self-redemption of all
African peoples ("Ethiopians").
166:
40:"Ethiopia" is not a reference to the modern country so named, but to the entirety of African people, wherever they may be located. He speaks of a messiah, from
247:
267:
257:
210:
33:. Little is known about the author, who was an obscure Black New Yorker who likely served as a popular preacher among the working class.
272:
237:
242:
37:
African, regardless of their place of birth. Pan-negroism (or Pan-Africanism) was a first principle of his brand of nationalism.
232:
227:
56::31: "Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God" (King James version). Young states:
262:
160:
143:
252:
86:
185:
26:
204:
108:
22:
Ethiopian
Manifesto, Issued in Defence of the Black Man’s Rights in the Scale of Universal Freedom
25:
was a pamphlet issued in New York by Robert
Alexander Young early in 1829, only months before
182:
To Awaken My
Afflicted Brethren: David Walker and the Problem of Antebellum Slave Resistance
8:
139:
221:
135:
109:"Black Theodicy:African Americans and Nationalism in the Antebellum North"
206:
The
Relevance of the Philosophy of Ethiopianism to Present Day Ethiopia
45:
53:
41:
113:
The North Star. A Journal of
African American Religious History
61:
they become unto me a people, and I unto them their God."
65:
No major nineteenth-century Black thinkers refer to the
162:
Rerouting Robert
Alexander Young's Ethiopian Manifesto
84:
is included in several document collections, such as
69:
so its influence, if any, remains to be determined.
219:
132:The Ideological Origins of Black Nationalism
87:The ideological origins of Black nationalism
158:
72:
129:
16:1829 pamphlet by Robert Alexander Young
220:
248:19th-century African-American writers
213:from the original on October 10, 2017
179:
169:from the original on January 8, 2024
106:
268:Pan-Africanism in the United States
13:
258:19th-century American male writers
202:
196:
14:
284:
273:Abolitionism in New York (state)
238:Abolitionists from New York City
243:19th-century American essayists
173:
152:
123:
100:
1:
233:African-American abolitionism
228:19th century in New York City
107:Rael, Patrick (Spring 2000).
93:
7:
186:Penn State University Press
159:Andersen, Nicholas (2010),
52:Young notes the content of
10:
289:
263:Writers from New York City
130:Stuckey, Sterling (1972).
29:'s much more influential
180:Hinks, Peter P. (1997).
184:. University Park, PA:
90:, by Sterling Stuckey.
63:
58:
253:Free people of color
44:. Born of an Afro-
280:
214:
190:
189:
177:
171:
170:
156:
150:
149:
127:
121:
120:
104:
288:
287:
283:
282:
281:
279:
278:
277:
218:
217:
203:Muchie, Maamo,
199:
197:Further reading
194:
193:
178:
174:
157:
153:
146:
128:
124:
105:
101:
96:
78:
17:
12:
11:
5:
286:
276:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
216:
215:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:. p. 180.
172:
151:
144:
122:
98:
97:
95:
92:
77:
71:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
285:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
225:
223:
212:
208:
207:
201:
200:
187:
183:
176:
168:
164:
163:
155:
147:
141:
138:. p. 8.
137:
133:
126:
118:
114:
110:
103:
99:
91:
89:
88:
83:
76:
70:
68:
62:
57:
55:
50:
47:
43:
38:
34:
32:
28:
24:
23:
205:
181:
175:
161:
154:
136:Beacon Press
131:
125:
116:
112:
102:
85:
81:
79:
74:
73:Text of the
66:
64:
59:
51:
39:
35:
30:
27:David Walker
21:
20:
18:
46:Carriacouan
222:Categories
145:0807054283
134:. Boston:
94:References
67:Manifesto,
82:Manifesto
75:Manifesto
211:archived
167:archived
54:Psalm 68
42:Grenada
142:
31:Appeal
140:ISBN
119:(2).
80:The
19:The
224::
209:,
165:,
115:.
111:.
148:.
117:3
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.