1158:"You are lord! You are king! Enlil, you are lord! You are king! Nunamnir, you are lord! You are king! You are supreme lord, you are powerful lord! Lord who makes flax grow, lord who makes barley grow, you are lord of heaven, lord plenty, lord of the earth! You are lord of the earth, lord plenty, lord of heaven! Enlil in heaven, Enlil is king! Lord whose pronouncements cannot be altered at all! His primordial utterances will not be changed! For the praise spoken for Ninlil the mother, praise be to the Great Mountain, Father Enlil!
58:
20:
1181:
Herman
Behrens has suggested a ritual context for the myth where dramatic passages were acted out on a voyage between the Ekur and the sanctuary in Nippur. Jerrold Cooper has argued for a more sociological interpretation, explaining about the creation of gods who seem to perform as substitutes for
1784:
1169:
Jeremy Black discusses the problems of serial pregnancy and multiple births along with the complex psychology of the myth. He also notes that there are no moral overtones about Enlil being ritually impure. Ewa
Wasilewska noted about the location of the tale that
1009:"According to a well-known tradition, represented by the myth of Enlil and Ninlil, time was when Nippur was a city inhabited by gods not men, and this would suggest that it had existed from the very beginning."
1265:
Römer, Willem H.Ph. 1993a. "Mythen und Epen in sumerischer
Sprache". In Mythen und Epen I. Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments III, 3. Kaiser, Otto (ed). Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus Gerd Mohn.
1050:
warning her daughter Ninlil about the likelihood of romantic advances from Enlil if she strays too near the river. Ninlil resists Enlil's first approach after which he entreats his minister
895:
1176:
was believed to exist. He (Enlil) was thus the 'King of the
Foreign Lands/Mountains,' where the underworld to which he was banished and from which he returned, was located."
1790:
Kramer, Samuel Noah., Sumerian
Mythology: A Study of Spiritual and Literary Achievement in the Third Millennium B.C., Forgotten Books, First published 1944. Online Version
1532:
Joan
Goodnick Westenholz, The Foundation Myths of Mesopotamian Cities, Divine Planners and Human Builder in La fundación de la ciudad: mitos y ritos en el mundo antiguo
1054:
to take him across the river, on the other side the couple meet and float downstream, either bathing or in a boat, then lie on the bank together, kiss, and conceive
1091:, ritually impure, leave the city! Enlil, in accordance with what had been decided, Nunamnir, in accordance with what had been decided, Enlil went. Ninlil followed.
1256:
Heimerdinger, Jane W. 1979. Sumerian literary fragments from Nippur. Occasional
Publications of the Babylonian Fund 4. Philadelphia: The University Museum. 1, 37.
975:, BM 38600, details of which were published in 1919. Other tablets and versions were used to bring the myth to its present form with the latest composite text by
963:
included CBS tablets 8176, 8315, 10309, 10322, 10412, 13853, 29.13.574 and 29.15.611. He also included translations from tablets in the Nippur collection of the
1015:-sag, 'city-head(top)') of Sumer. This conception of Nippur is echoed by Joan Goodnick Westenholz, describing the setting as "civitas dei", existing before the "
1229:
He concludes that the narrative exonerates Enlil and Ninlil indicating nature to have its way even where societal conventions try to contain sexual desire.
1024:"There was a city, there was a city -- the one we live in. Nibru (Nippur) was the city, the one we live in. Dur-jicnimbar was the city, the one we live in.
1047:
1207:"(1) the moon god was regarded as rejuvenating living things; (2) Nergal was associated occasionally with agricultural growth but more often with
1033:
1795:
Enlil and Ninlil., Black, J.A., Cunningham, G., Robson, E., and Zólyomi, G., The
Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford 1998-.
1568:
Enlil and Ninlil., Black, J.A., Cunningham, G., Robson, E., and Zólyomi, G., The
Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford 1998-.
1259:
Jacobsen, Thorkild. 1987. The Harps that Once .. Sumerian Poetry in
Translation. New Haven/London: Yale University Press. p. 167-180.
1241:
Bottéro, Jean and Kramer, Samuel Noah. 1989, reprinted 1993. Lorsque les dieux faisaient l'homme rev. Éditions Gallimard. p. 105-115.
1153:, however Jeremy Black has linked this god to management of irrigation. The myth ends with praise for the fertility of Enlil and Ninlil.
937:". The tablet is 6.5 inches (17 cm) by 4.5 inches (11 cm) by 1.2 inches (3.0 cm) at its thickest point. Barton noted that
843:
1238:
Behrens, Hermann. 1978. Enlil und Ninlil. Ein sumerischer Mythos aus Nippur. Studia Pohl Series Major 8. Rome: Biblical Institute Press.
1088:
1037:
1253:
Hall, Mark Glenn. 1985. A Study of the Sumerian Moon-God, Nanna/Suen. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania. p. 524-526.
1244:
Cooper, Jerrold S. 1980. "Critical Review. Hermann Behrens, Enlil und Ninlil etc.". In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 32. 175–188.
1799:
1483:
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1627:
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Robert Payne has suggested that the initial scene of the courtship takes place on the bank of a canal instead of a river.
1785:
Cheira, Edward., Sumerian Epics and Myths, University of Chicago, Oriental Institute Publications, 1934. Online Version
71:
1262:
Röllig, Wolfgang. 1981. "Review of Behrens 1978". In Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 131. 430.
1296:
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1484:
Enlil and Ninlil - Electronic and Print Sources - The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford 1998-.
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39:
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1131:"My lord has not talked with me at all, O loveliest one. Enlil has not talked with me at all, O loveliest one"
57:
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91:
47:
1172:"Black and Green suggest the Sumerians located their underworld in the east mountains where the entrance to
1844:
1097:
There follows three similar episodes as Enlil leaves the city, speaking to as the keeper of the city gate (
964:
1789:
1824:
1780:
Barton, George Aaron., Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions, Yale University Press, 1918. Online Version
1779:
1746:
Celibacy in the Ancient World: Its Ideal and Practice in Pre-Hellenistic Israel, Mesopotamia, and Greece
829:
437:
1032:, Kar-jectina is its quay. Kar-asar is its quay where boats make fast. Pu-lal is its freshwater well.
86:
1190:. Cooper also argues that the text uses local geographical placenames in regard to the netherworld.
1188:"explains why one (Suen) is shining in the heavens, while the other three dwell in the Netherworld"
113:
108:
1834:
1814:
979:
produced in 1989 with latest translations by Willem Römer in 1993 and Joachim Krecher in 1996.
1528:
1250:
Green, Margaret Whitney. 1982. "Review of Behrens 1978". In Bibliotheca Orientalis 39. 339–344.
757:
1583:
1496:
1438:
Sumerian mythology: a study of spiritual and literary achievement in the third millennium B.C.
1197:, Dale Launderville has suggested the myth provides evidence that Sumerian society prohibited
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him and each time they conceive another god. Two of the offspring are gods of the underworld,
1819:
1744:
1710:
1676:
1617:
1530:
1301:
1012:
971:, catalogue number 2707. Another tablet used as cuneiform source for the myth is held by the
938:
694:
1372:
Theophilus G. Pinches in Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, Volume 33 f. 85
1083:-ur, the fifty great gods and the seven gods who decide destinies had Enlil arrested in the
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him for his relationship with Ninlil and exile him from the city for being ritually impure.
1220:
947:"The two texts in general agree closely, though there are minor variations here and there."
704:
1581:
23:
Enlil (with the Bull God's hooves and horns) and Ninlil in a 2nd millennium BC mural from
8:
1326:
914:
96:
1247:
Geller, M.J. 1980. "Review of Behrens 1978". In Archiv für Orientforschung 27. 168–170.
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899:
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684:
101:
1712:
Greek Myths and Mesopotamia: Parallels and Influence in the Homeric Hymns and Hesiod
1413:
Sumerian literary texts from Nippur: in the Museum of the Ancient Orient at Istanbul
1311:
1208:
1123:"When your lady Ninlil comes, if she asks after me, don't you tell her where I am!"
729:
679:
1800:
Transliteration - The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford 1998-.
1582:
Jeremy A. Black; Jeremy Black; Graham Cunningham; Eleanor Robson (13 April 2006).
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is its branching canal, and if one measures from there, its cultivated land is 50
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each way. Enlil was one of its young men, and Ninlil was one its young women.
952:
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274:
1529:
Miguel Ángel Borrás; Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona (2000).
1005:"that seems to be conceived as having existed before the creation of man."
699:
1471:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, f. 190
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The canal builders: the story of canal engineers through the ages, p. 22
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Another tablet from the same collection, number 13853 was used by
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University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
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section (CBS), tablet number 9205 from their excavations at the
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1117:) – and lastly SI.LU.IGI, the underworld ferryman (similar to
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The story opens with a description of the city of Nippur, its
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1003:, portrayed as the home of the gods and, according to Kramer
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1473:. Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society.
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Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1919).
1203:"Channeling the Sex Drive Toward the Creation of Community"
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to restore part of the second column of Barton's tablet in
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Society of Biblical Archæology (London, England) (1911).
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1806:
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1674:
1046:The story continues by introducing the goddess
1678:A dictionary of ancient Near Eastern mythology
1615:
1609:
1572:
1182:Enlil, he suggests the purpose of the work is
1062:. The story then cuts to Enlil walking in the
1622:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 77–.
1384:
1087:-ur. Enlil, ritually impure, leave the city!
837:
1702:
1649:
1494:
1348:Miscellaneous Babylonian inscriptions, p. 52
1363:
1588:. Oxford University Press. pp. 106–.
1462:
1205:. He discusses the attributes of the gods
1121:). Each time Enlil tells these characters
945:version of the same story in 1911, noting
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1011:He discusses Nippur as the "first city" (
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1561:
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865:Enlil and Ninlil: The begetting of Nanna
18:
1416:. American Schools of Oriental Research
1129:To this, Enlil (in disguise) tells her
1807:
1556:
1501:. Peeters Publishers. pp. 442–.
1079:-ur. As Enlil was going about in the
925:Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions
941:had published part of an equivalent
929:, number seven, entitled "A Myth of
1619:Creation stories of the Middle East
13:
1749:. Liturgical Press. pp. 28–.
1715:. Psychology Press. pp. 40–.
1709:Charles Penglase (24 March 1997).
1388:Sumerian epics and myths, 77, p. 5
1232:
1184:"to tell the origins of four gods"
878:in the mid to late 3rd millennium
72:Religions of the ancient Near East
56:
14:
1856:
1773:
1743:Dale Launderville (1 July 2010).
1391:. The University of Chicago Press
1127:"When did your lord Enlil go by?"
1125:. Ninlil follows him asking each
1297:Self-praise of Shulgi (Shulgi D)
1282:Debate between Winter and Summer
1585:The Literature of Ancient Sumer
917:in 1918 and first published as
778:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta
1535:. Edicions UPC. pp. 48–.
1498:Babylonian topographical texts
1477:
1287:Debate between sheep and grain
885:
1:
1332:
1164:
1345:George Aaron Barton (1918).
1133:upon which Ninlil offers to
1099:"keeper of the holy barrier"
965:Museum of the Ancient Orient
7:
1681:. Routledge. pp. 47–.
1435:Samuel Noah Kramer (1961).
1410:Samuel Noah Kramer (1944).
1270:
10:
1861:
1075:"Enlil was walking in the
957:"Sumerian Epics and Myths"
919:"Sumerian religious texts"
1201:in a discussion entitled
913:. This was translated by
61:Chaos Monster and Sun God
1675:Gwendolyn Leick (1998).
982:
861:Myth of Enlil and Ninlil
1616:Ewa Wasilewska (2000).
1351:. Yale University Press
1066:, where the other gods
894:were discovered on the
890:The first lines of the
1830:Mythological mountains
1385:Edward Chiera (1964).
1162:
1105:), the man who guards
1103:"man of the pure lock"
1095:
1044:
62:
32:
16:Sumerian creation myth
1840:Religious cosmologies
1650:Robert Payne (1959).
1495:A. R. George (1992).
1302:Old Babylonian oracle
1193:From the analysis of
1155:
1151:"inspector of canals"
1072:
1021:
1007:A.R. George suggests
939:Theophilus G. Pinches
182:Seven gods who decree
60:
50:Mesopotamian religion
22:
705:Seven-headed serpent
644:Spirits and monsters
1845:Sumerian literature
1327:Sumerian literature
915:George Aaron Barton
898:, catalogue of the
580:Demigods and heroes
244:Other major deities
1825:Mesopotamian myths
961:Samuel Noah Kramer
63:
33:
1756:978-0-8146-5697-6
1722:978-0-415-15706-3
1688:978-0-415-19811-0
1629:978-1-85302-681-2
1595:978-0-19-929633-0
1542:978-84-8301-387-8
1508:978-90-6831-410-6
1448:978-1-60506-049-1
1441:Forgotten Books.
1322:Sumerian religion
1195:Thorkild Jacobsen
1145:. The third god,
1141:-Meclamta-ea and
1058:-Acimbabbar, the
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792:Epic of Gilgamesh
137:Primordial beings
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1307:Hymn to Enlil
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1292:Eridu Genesis
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1820:Clay tablets
1760:. Retrieved
1745:
1738:
1726:. Retrieved
1711:
1704:
1692:. Retrieved
1677:
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1652:
1645:
1633:. Retrieved
1618:
1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1584:
1546:. Retrieved
1531:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1497:
1490:
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1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1437:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1412:
1405:
1393:. Retrieved
1387:
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1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1347:
1340:
1221:sudden death
1206:
1202:
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1186:and that it
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922:
918:
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876:clay tablets
864:
860:
856:
855:
790:
783:
776:
769:
762:
538:Paniĝinĝarra
214:
188:Four primary
187:
1656:. Macmillan
1225:agriculture
886:Compilation
680:Ušum/Dragon
423:Lugala'abba
358:Dumuzi-abzu
285:Geshtinanna
230:Utu/Shamash
92:Mesopotamia
1809:Categories
1333:References
1213:pestilence
1165:Discussion
1030:holy river
1017:axis mundi
900:Babylonian
785:Enūma Eliš
771:Atra-Hasis
621:Atra-Hasis
606:Lugalbanda
548:Shul-utula
428:Mami/Nintu
383:Hendursaga
270:Ereshkigal
265:Enmesharra
764:An = Anum
758:Mythology
700:Ušumgallu
601:Gilgamesh
518:Ninsikila
488:Ningirima
483:Ningirida
338:Asaruludu
225:Nanna/Sin
208:Ninhursag
97:Babylonia
1271:See also
1147:Enbilulu
1089:Nunamnir
1060:moon god
969:Istanbul
943:Akkadian
869:Sumerian
725:Lamashtu
695:Mušmaḫḫū
626:Ziusudra
596:Enmerkar
543:Sarpanit
523:Ninšubur
498:Ninkilim
463:Ninmarki
438:Maštabba
403:Kajamanu
363:Enbilulu
333:Anunnaki
82:Anatolia
40:a series
38:Part of
27:(in the
1107:Id-kura
1028:is its
1026:Id-sala
907:library
710:Humbaba
631:Apkallu
611:Shamhat
493:Ninkasi
458:Nindara
373:Erragal
328:Agasaya
305:Ninurta
260:Enkimdu
255:Dumuzid
114:Semitic
109:Iranian
48:Ancient
1762:29 May
1753:
1728:29 May
1719:
1694:29 May
1685:
1660:29 May
1635:29 May
1626:
1601:29 May
1592:
1548:29 May
1539:
1514:29 May
1505:
1454:29 May
1445:
1420:28 May
1395:28 May
1355:23 May
1217:famine
1209:plague
1143:Ninazu
1139:Nergal
1119:Charon
1068:arrest
997:canals
935:Ninlil
911:Nippur
904:temple
859:, the
816:Sukkal
811:Dingir
740:Rabisu
735:Pazuzu
665:Edimmu
616:Siduri
591:Enkidu
563:Tišpak
558:Šulpae
553:Šubula
528:Ninsun
513:Ninšar
508:Ninmug
503:Ninlil
478:Ningal
473:Ninazu
468:Nisaba
453:Nanshe
448:Namtar
433:Mamitu
393:Isimud
343:Ashnan
310:Šulpae
300:Nergal
295:Marduk
165:Anshar
161:Kishar
152:Lahamu
143:Tiamat
124:Canaan
119:Arabia
29:Louvre
1052:Nuska
993:river
989:walls
983:Story
931:Enlil
867:is a
863:, or
805:Terms
752:Tales
715:Hanbi
690:Bašmu
670:Siris
586:Adapa
533:Nuska
418:Lisin
408:Lahar
388:Igigi
378:Gibil
348:Ashgi
290:Lahar
280:Kingu
198:Enlil
170:Mummu
156:Lahmu
102:Sumer
1764:2011
1751:ISBN
1730:2011
1717:ISBN
1696:2011
1683:ISBN
1662:2011
1637:2011
1624:ISBN
1603:2011
1590:ISBN
1550:2011
1537:ISBN
1516:2011
1503:ISBN
1456:2011
1443:ISBN
1422:2011
1397:2011
1357:2011
1219:and
1111:Styx
1064:Ekur
1056:Suen
1001:well
999:and
933:and
892:myth
730:Lilu
675:Anzû
660:Asag
650:Udug
568:Uttu
443:Nabu
398:Išum
368:Erra
250:Adad
203:Enki
163:and
154:and
147:Abzu
145:and
25:Susa
1174:Kur
1113:in
1101:or
1038:sar
1019:".
1013:uru
967:in
921:in
909:at
720:Kur
413:Laṣ
353:Bel
193:Anu
1811::
1574:^
1558:^
1227:."
1215:,
1211:,
1085:Ki
1081:Ki
1077:Ki
995:,
991:,
882:.
880:BC
275:Ki
42:on
1766:.
1732:.
1698:.
1664:.
1639:.
1605:.
1552:.
1518:.
1458:.
1424:.
1399:.
1359:.
1160:"
1093:"
1042:"
927:"
923:"
845:e
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831:v
31:)
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