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554:. She was left-handed, so she played the banjo in reverse position. Later, when she transferred her songs to the guitar, she formed a unique style, since on a 5-string banjo the uppermost string is not a bass string, but a short, high-pitched string which ends at the fifth fret. This required her to adopt a unique style for the guitar. She first played with the "all finger down strokes" like a banjo. Later, her playing evolved into a unique style of
283:. Her parents were George Nevill (also spelled Nevills) and Louisa (or Louise) Price Nevill. Elizabeth was the youngest of five children. She named herself on her first day of school, when the teacher asked her name, because at home she was only called "Li'l Sis". By the age of eight, she was playing songs. At age nine, she was forced to quit school and began work as a
508:
The newfound interest in her work inspired her to write more songs to perform, and in 1967 she released a record created with her grandchildren, which took its name from one of her songs, "Shake
Sugaree". The song featured 12-year-old Brenda Joyce Evans, Cotten's great-grandchild, and future
450:
took the song "Freight Train" with her to
England, where it became popular in folk music circles. British songwriters Paul James and Fred Williams subsequently misappropriated it as their own composition and copyrighted it. Under their credit, it was then recorded by British skiffle singer
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33:
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Cotten retired from playing the guitar for 25 years, except for occasional church performances. She did not begin performing publicly and recording until she was in her 60s. She was discovered by the folk-singing Seeger family while she was working for them as a housekeeper.
354:, Peggy, Barbara, and Penny. The Seeger family kids, who were too young to pronounce "Elizabeth", began calling her "Libba", and she embraced that nickname later in life. While working with the Seegers (a voraciously musical family that included
317:
Around the age of 13, Cotten began working as a maid along with her mother. On
November 7, 1910, at the age of 17, she married Frank Cotten. The couple had a daughter, Lillie, and soon after Elizabeth gave up guitar playing for family and
533:. When accepting the award in Los Angeles, her comment was, "Thank you. I only wish I had my guitar so I could play a song for you all." In 1989, Cotten was one of 75 influential African-American women included in the photo documentary
516:
Using profits from her touring, record releases and awards given to her for her own contributions to the folk arts, Cotten was able to move with her daughter and grandchildren from
Washington, D.C., and buy a house in
358:, a son of Charles from a previous marriage), she remembered her own guitar playing from 40 years prior and picked up the instrument again and relearned to play it, almost from scratch.
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brand instrument, cost $ 3.75 (equivalent to $ 127 in 2023). Although self-taught, she became proficient at playing the instrument, and her repertoire included a large number of
210:
musician. She was a self-taught left-handed guitarist who played a guitar strung for a right-handed player, but played it upside down. This position meant that she would play the
302:", became one of her most recognized. She wrote the song in remembrance of a nearby train that she could hear from her childhood home. The 1956 UK recording of the song by
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326:, New York City, and Washington, D.C., finally settling in the D.C. area. When Lillie married, Elizabeth divorced Frank and moved in with her daughter and her family.
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1890:
463:. Under the advocacy of the influential Seeger family, the copyright was eventually restored to Cotten. Nevertheless, it remains mis-credited in many sources.
384:. Since the release of that album, her songs, especially her signature song, "Freight Train" â which she wrote when she was a teenager â have been covered by
459:
and re-recorded the song with her doing the vocal; the result was a chart hit. McDevitt's version influenced many young skiffle groups of the day, including
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287:. At the age of twelve, she had a live-in job at Chapel Hill. She earned a dollar a month, that her mother saved up to buy her first guitar. The guitar, a
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558:. Her signature alternating bass style is now known as "Cotten picking". Her fingerpicking techniques have influenced many other musicians.
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Mike Seeger
Collection Inventory (#20009), Southern Folklife Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
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While working briefly in a department store, Cotten helped a child wandering through the aisles find her mother. The child was
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Artists of
American Folk Music: The Legends of Traditional Folk, the Stars of the Sixties, the Virtuosi of New Acoustic Music
455:, who recorded the song in December 1956. Under advice from his manager (Bill Varley), McDevitt then brought in folk-singer
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239:, and was deemed as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". The album included her signature recording "
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322:. Elizabeth, Frank and their daughter Lillie moved around the eastern United States for a number of years, between
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1452:"A star after 60: Syracuse's Elizabeth 'Libba' Cotten taught Jerry Garcia, Pete Seeger the meaning of folk music"
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Shortly after that first album, she began playing concerts with Mike Seeger, the first of which was in 1960 at
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1633:"Elizabeth Cotten Wrote "Freight Train" at 11, Won a Grammy at 90, and Changed American Music In-Between"
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521:. She was also able to continue touring and releasing records well into her 80s. In 1984, she won the
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stated "her influence has reverberated through the generations, permeating every genre of music."
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In the early 1960s, Cotten went on to play concerts with some of the big names in the burgeoning
637:, Southern Folklife Collection, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
346:. Soon after this, Cotten again began working as a maid, this time for Ruth Crawford Seeger and
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890:, by Elizabeth Cotten. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways, 1989 reissue of the 1958 album
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Cotten died in June 1987, at Crouse-Irving
Hospital in Syracuse, New York, at the age of 94.
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Govenar, Alan, ed. (2001). "Elizabeth Cotten: African
American Songster and Songwriter".
758:, which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts.
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recordings of Cotten's songs in her house. These recordings later became the album
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1386:"Syracuse folk legend Libba Cotten to be inducted into Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"
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1998:
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1058:
Zollo, Rick (2006). "Cotten
Picking: Elizabeth Cotten and the Folk Revival".
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was a major hit and is credited as one of the main influences on the rise of
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Bronze statue of Cotten in Libba Cotten Grove, South State St., Syracuse NY.
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Orange County
Register of Deeds Office, Marriage License Book 10, p. 268.
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1546:"Libba's legacy: Musician Elizabeth Cotten to be honored with statue"
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1265:. Vol. 1 (A-J). Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio. pp. 144â146.
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By her early teens, she was writing her own songs, one of which, "
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719:
Rainbow Quest with Pete Seeger. Judy Collins and Elizabeth Cotten
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Cotten began writing music while toying with her older brother's
311:
292:
243:", a song she wrote in her early teens. In 1984, her live album
1966:
653:
Masters of the Country Blues: Elizabeth Cotten and Jesse Fuller
251:, at the age of 90. That same year, Cotten was recognized as a
202:; January 5, 1893 â June 29, 1987) was an influential American
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713:
John Fahey, Elizabeth Cotten: Rare Performances and Interviews
214:
with her fingers and the melody with her thumb. Her signature
1215:
I Dream a World: Portraits of Black Women Who Changed America
1096:"Elizabeth Cotten: musician who kickstarted the folk revival"
797:
In 2023, Cotten was named 36th best guitarist of all time by
551:
207:
139:
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1599:"Elizabeth (Libba) Cotten, 95, a Blues and Folk Songwriter"
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1192:
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Freight Train and Other North Carolina Folk Songs and Tunes
602:
Freight Train and Other North Carolina Folk Songs and Tunes
249:
Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording
899:
Epic Lives: One Hundred Black Women Who Made a Difference
219:
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for Best Ethnic or Traditional Recording, for the album
1831:"Interview with Blues and Folk Singer Elizabeth Cotten"
1031:
Larkin, Colin, ed. (2009). "Cotten Elizabeth 'Libba'".
841:
Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music
1263:
Masters of Traditional Arts: A Biographical Dictionary
1078:"How Elizabeth Cotten's music fueled the folk revival"
1826:
Cotten discography at Smithsonian Folkways Recordings
743:
In 1980, 1982, and 1987, Cotten was nominated for a
677:
Libba Cotten: An Interview and Presentation Ceremony
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1198:
U.S. Federal Census, Chapel Hill. 1870, 1880, 1900.
960:. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger. p. 278.
790:In 2022, Cotten was posthumously inducted into the
1857:North Carolina Highway Marker for Elizabeth Cotten
1445:
1443:
1223:. New York: Stewart, Tabori, & Chang. p.
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827:Nothing but the Blues: The Music and the Musicians
1690:. National Endowment for the Arts. Archived from
1379:
1377:
1375:
1172:"Elizabeth Cotten | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame"
1122:"Elizabeth Cotten: Master of American folk music"
725:Elizabeth Cotten in Concert, 1969, 1978, and 1980
279:, in an area that would later be incorporated as
275:Cotten was born in 1893 to a musical family near
2134:
1743:"Artist: Elizabeth Cotten:Early Influence Award"
1333:"Elizabeth Cotten â Masters of Traditional Arts"
1007:"Remembering Elizabeth Cotten by L. L. Demerle'"
747:in the Traditional Blues Female Artist category.
1440:
1201:
1372:
659:Me and Stella: A Film about Elizabeth Cotten (
361:
1884:
1658:"Award Winners and Nominees [search]"
1413:"Ridin' the Freight Train with Chas McDevitt"
955:
218:style has become known as "Cotten picking".
16:American folk and blues musician (1893â1987)
2173:20th-century African-American women singers
1471:
836:. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
1891:
1877:
1818:
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1254:
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31:
1769:"The 250 Greatest Guitarists of All Time"
1711:
1709:
1304:The Remarkable Lives of 100 Women Artists
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1294:
1292:
1290:
1037:(4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
767:Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording
689:Legends of Traditional Fingerstyle Guitar
495:Smithsonian Festival of American Folklife
1684:"NEA National Heritage Fellowships 1984"
934:. (Children's book.) Hillsboro, Oregon:
815:. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
499:
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1260:
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892:Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar
886:Seeger, Mike. Liner notes accompanying
860:
820:There Is No Eye: John Cohen Photographs
606:Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar
574:Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar
377:Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar
228:Folksongs and Instrumentals with Guitar
2253:20th-century American women guitarists
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865:. University of North Carolina Press.
628:
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956:Eagle, Bob; LeBlanc, Eric S. (2013).
911:
194:
2198:People from Carrboro, North Carolina
2183:National Heritage Fellowship winners
1544:Nolan, Maureen (February 21, 2010).
737:
665:Elizabeth Cotten Portrait Collection
2233:20th-century American women singers
949:
818:Cohen, John; Marcus, Greil (2001).
701:Jesse Fuller and Elizabeth Cotten (
595:
13:
2263:African American female guitarists
2258:Folk musicians from North Carolina
1415:. January 24, 2003. Archived from
834:African Banjo Echoes in Appalachia
805:
695:Mike Seeger and Elizabeth Cotten (
342:, and the mother was the composer
14:
2279:
2208:Musicians from Syracuse, New York
1842:Clip of Cotten performing in 1969
1791:
912:Veirs, Laura (January 16, 2018).
904:Smith, Jesse Carney, ed. (1992).
775:In 1986, she was nominated for a
750:Cotten was a recipient of a 1984
683:Elizabeth Cotten with Mike Seeger
350:, and caring for their children,
2223:20th-century American guitarists
1219:. photographs and interviews by
794:in the Early Influence category.
646:
366:In the later half of the 1950s,
259:. In 2022, she was posthumously
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1126:Smithsonian Folkways Recordings
781:Best Traditional Folk Recording
756:National Endowment for the Arts
635:Mike Seeger Collection (#20009)
545:
257:National Endowment for the Arts
2228:Guitarists from North Carolina
1852:Elizabeth Cotten Freight Train
1384:Herbert, Geoff (May 4, 2022).
1359:"Remembering Elizabeth Cotten"
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982:"Happy Birthday Libba Cotten!"
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731:The Guitar of Elizabeth Cotten
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1:
2248:20th-century American singers
2213:Culture of Syracuse, New York
1450:Struck, Jules (May 5, 2022).
1034:Encyclopedia of Popular Music
942:
906:Notable Black American Women.
901:. Detroit: Visible Ink Press.
897:Smith, Jessie Carney (1993).
822:. New York: PowerHouse Books.
270:
2075:Award for Musical Excellence
1664:. The Blues Foundation. 2019
1492:Biography.yourdictionary.com
1337:mastersoftraditionalarts.org
958:Blues: A Regional Experience
883:. New York: Harry N. Abrams.
829:. New York: Abbeville Press.
752:National Heritage Fellowship
231:(1958), was placed into the
7:
2218:African-American guitarists
2188:Singers from North Carolina
1631:Jones, Josh (May 1, 2019).
362:Later career and recordings
277:Chapel Hill, North Carolina
233:National Recording Registry
10:
2284:
2268:African-American banjoists
1900:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
1717:"Artist: Elizabeth Cotten"
850:. New York: Da Capa Press.
792:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
265:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
2153:American blues guitarists
2121:Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
2074:
2040:
2015:
1910:
1723:. Recording Academy. 2019
930:Wenberg, Michael (2002).
879:Santelli, Robert (2001).
839:Escamilla, Brian (1996).
477:. Some of these included
267:, as an early influence.
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2243:Folkways Records artists
2238:Arhoolie Records artists
2203:Piedmont blues musicians
2163:American folk guitarists
1862:January 8, 2021, at the
1357:Demerle', L. L. (1996).
846:Harris, Sheldon (1979).
832:Conway, Cecilia (1995).
785:20th Anniversary Concert
380:, which was released by
253:National Heritage Fellow
68:Carrboro, North Carolina
2178:Blues revival musicians
1301:Bailey, Brooke (1994).
936:Beyond Words Publishing
908:Detroit: Gale Research.
861:Menconi, David (2020).
825:Cohn, Lawrence (1993).
671:Homemade American Music
2158:American blues singers
1307:. Bob Adams. pp.
811:Bastin, Bruce (1986).
771:Elizabeth Cotten Live!
566:
505:
489:at venues such as the
245:Elizabeth Cotten Live!
40:Background information
2168:American folk singers
2043:(Ahmet Ertegun Award)
761:In 1985, she won the
527:Elizabeth Cotten Live
503:
491:Newport Folk Festival
479:Mississippi John Hurt
386:Peter, Paul, and Mary
370:began making bedroom
2193:Grammy Award winners
1833:for the WGBH series
1488:""Elisabeth Cotten""
1100:faroutmagazine.co.uk
881:American Roots Music
344:Ruth Crawford Seeger
916:. Chronicle Books.
853:Hood, Phil (1986).
629:Special collections
237:Library of Congress
1775:. October 13, 2023
1694:on August 10, 2020
1573:"Elizabeth Cotten"
1498:on August 26, 2018
1147:"Elizabeth Cotten"
857:. New York: Quill.
707:The Downhome Blues
519:Syracuse, New York
506:
468:Swarthmore College
85:Syracuse, New York
2130:
2129:
1939:Warren Cuccurullo
1605:. June 30, 1987.
1551:The Post-Standard
1518:""Chas McDevitt""
1457:The Post-Standard
1391:The Post-Standard
1044:978-0-19-531373-4
923:978-1-4521-4857-1
872:978-1-4696-5935-0
863:Step it Up and Go
783:category for her
745:Blues Music Award
738:Awards and honors
727:(1969 & 2003)
715:(1969 & 1994)
422:His Name Is Alive
295:and dance tunes.
289:Sears and Roebuck
177:
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50:Elizabeth Nevills
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2031:Elizabeth Cotten
2016:Early influences
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596:Recordings on CD
531:Arhoolie Records
511:Undisputed Truth
406:Devendra Banhart
382:Folkways Records
216:alternating bass
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25:Elizabeth Cotten
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2024:Harry Belafonte
2011:
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1864:Wayback Machine
1814:discography at
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1419:on May 24, 2013
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848:Blues Who's Who
813:Red River Blues
808:
806:Further reading
754:awarded by the
740:
649:
644:
631:
604:(also known as
598:
569:
564:
548:
536:I Dream a World
483:John Lee Hooker
442:Country Teasers
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285:domestic worker
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65:January 5, 1893
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623:When I'm Gone
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589:When I'm Gone
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2113:Scott Travis
2109:Glenn Tipton
2105:Dave Holland
2083:Judas Priest
2081:
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2058:Jimmy Iovine
2056:
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2030:
2029:
2022:
2004:
1997:
1992:Dolly Parton
1990:
1984:Dave Stewart
1980:Annie Lennox
1972:
1965:
1959:Roger Taylor
1943:Simon Le Bon
1931:
1925:Neil Giraldo
1917:
1835:
1777:. Retrieved
1772:
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:www.wkyc.com
1746:
1737:
1725:. Retrieved
1720:
1698:November 25,
1696:. Retrieved
1692:the original
1687:
1678:
1666:. Retrieved
1661:
1652:
1640:. Retrieved
1637:Open Culture
1636:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1602:
1593:
1581:. Retrieved
1576:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1549:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1521:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1496:the original
1491:
1482:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1455:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1417:the original
1407:
1395:. Retrieved
1389:
1362:. Retrieved
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1336:
1327:
1303:
1262:
1221:Brian Lanker
1214:
1203:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1151:www.arts.gov
1150:
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1125:
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
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777:Grammy Award
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763:Grammy Award
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588:
581:
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549:
546:Guitar style
541:
534:
526:
523:Grammy Award
515:
507:
487:Muddy Waters
475:folk revival
472:
465:
448:Peggy Seeger
446:
434:Geoff Farina
410:Laura Gibson
390:Jerry Garcia
375:
372:reel-to-reel
365:
340:Peggy Seeger
337:
333:
316:
297:
274:
247:, won her a
244:
226:
224:
199:
190:
186:
182:
181:
80:(1987-06-29)
18:
2148:1987 deaths
2143:1893 births
2097:Rob Halford
2006:Carly Simon
1955:John Taylor
1951:Andy Taylor
1947:Nick Rhodes
1933:Duran Duran
1919:Pat Benatar
1836:Say Brother
1779:October 14,
1616:January 18,
1423:February 2,
1066:(2): 67â75.
667:(1977â1985)
642:Filmography
562:Discography
414:Laura Veirs
368:Mike Seeger
356:Pete Seeger
330:Rediscovery
314:in the UK.
164:Smithsonian
130:Instruments
113:Occupations
2137:Categories
1974:Eurythmics
1911:Performers
1721:grammy.com
1577:WBSS Media
1342:October 6,
1272:1576072401
1234:155670092X
1060:Shenandoah
986:ncarts.org
943:References
843:. Vol. 16.
426:Doc Watson
398:Joe Dassin
271:Early life
225:Her album
212:bass lines
122:songwriter
61:1893-01-05
46:Birth name
2089:Les Binks
1662:blues.org
1642:August 8,
1611:0362-4331
430:Taj Mahal
402:Joan Baez
394:Bob Dylan
263:into the
183:Elizabeth
2101:Ian Hill
1860:Archived
1807:AllMusic
1688:arts.gov
1529:July 17,
1523:AllMusic
1502:July 17,
1364:April 7,
1281:47644303
1243:18745605
1016:March 8,
991:March 8,
621:Vol. 3:
608:) (1958)
587:Vol. 3:
580:Vol. 2:
513:singer.
493:and the
281:Carrboro
261:inducted
169:Arhoolie
159:Folkways
119:Musician
1816:Discogs
1156:July 7,
1131:July 7,
1106:July 7,
779:in the
765:in the
312:skiffle
255:by the
235:by the
200:Nevills
1967:Eminem
1753:May 4,
1749:. 2022
1727:May 3,
1668:May 3,
1609:
1557:May 5,
1463:May 5,
1397:May 5,
1315:
1279:
1269:
1241:
1231:
1181:May 4,
1041:
964:
920:
869:
787:album.
733:(2002)
721:(2005)
709:(1994)
691:(1994)
685:(1994)
679:(1985)
673:(1980)
655:(1960)
591:(1979)
584:(1967)
577:(1958)
485:, and
320:church
191:Cotten
152:Labels
144:vocals
136:Guitar
92:Genres
87:, U.S.
70:, U.S.
1579:. n.d
914:Libba
703:1992)
697:1991)
661:1976)
617:Live!
552:banjo
208:blues
187:Libba
140:banjo
104:blues
1781:2023
1755:2022
1729:2019
1700:2020
1670:2019
1644:2020
1618:2017
1607:ISSN
1585:2024
1559:2022
1531:2017
1504:2017
1465:2022
1425:2002
1399:2022
1366:2008
1344:2020
1313:ISBN
1277:OCLC
1267:ISBN
1239:OCLC
1229:ISBN
1183:2022
1158:2023
1133:2023
1108:2023
1039:ISBN
1018:2022
993:2022
962:ISBN
918:ISBN
867:ISBN
440:and
352:Mike
306:and
293:rags
206:and
204:folk
99:Folk
75:Died
55:Born
1805:at
1225:156
1082:NPR
567:LPs
220:NPR
196:nÊe
2139::
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2107:,
2103:,
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1982:,
1957:,
1953:,
1949:,
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
