754:
staffers leaving, including the departure of Ryan Macias, the acting director of election testing and certification, as well as his predecessor, Brian
Hancock. These departures "knocked the wind out of the technical sails of the EAC," said an anonymous voting security researcher. Exacerbating the situation was the reporter's speculation of the partisan nature of Newby's hiring, with the article labeling him a Republican and the Commissioner who recommended his being hired, Christy McCormick, as well. In February 2016, Newby approved requests from three states to change state-specific instructions on the NVRA federal form related to proof of citizenship for voter registration. These states required proof of citizenship by state law, a controversial policy being pushed by conservative GOP members such as
41:
29:
535:, who succeeded Interim Executive Director, Mark A. Robbins. Prior to him, Mona Harrington served as Executive Director. She succeeded Brian Newby, who served a four-year term from October 2015 to October 2019. Newby succeeded Thomas R. Wilkey, the agency's first Executive Director, who resigned in November 2011. Prior to the EAC, Wilkey served a four-year term as the executive director of the New York State Board of Elections beginning in 2003. He worked 34 years in the field of election administration. The executive director position was created by HAVA § 204(a).
131:
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commissioners may belong to the same political party. The terms lasts for four years, but commissioners may continue serving after the expiration of their term term until their successor has taken office. The
Commission selects a chair and vice chair from among its members for a term of one year. The chair and vice chair may not be affiliated with the same political party. A member of the Commission can only serve one term as chair and vice chair each during each of their terms as members.
1016:
1030:
1265:
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820:, with technical support from NIST are tasked with developing an initial set of recommendations for each VVSG iteration. After the initial draft guidelines are authored, they are sent to the EAC for review and revision and then released for public comment. Comments are reviewed and considered by the EAC in consultation with NIST in development of the final release.
999:
In summer 2006 the EAC barred the company Ciber Inc. from approving further voting machines. Federal officials found that it was not following its quality-control procedures and could not document that it was conducting all the required tests. According to the EAC "Ciber, Inc. has applied for interim
812:
The VVSG provide a set of specifications and requirements against which voting systems can be tested to determine if the systems provide all of the basic functionality, accessibility and security capabilities required of these systems. In addition, the guidelines establish evaluation criteria for the
270:
In 2010, the EAC lost its quorum of
Commissioners, after the resignation or end of term of Hunter (2008), Rodriguez (2009) and Hillman (2010), preventing many normal operational duties; and was without any Commissioners by 2011 after the resignation of Davidson. Bills were subsequently drafted to end
561:
The EAC Standards Board was established under title II section 211 of HAVA. Its duties include reviewing the voluntary voting systems guidelines and review of the best practices recommendations. The Board consists of 110 members, 55 State election officials and 55 local election officials. The Board
168:
of 2002 (HAVA). The
Commission serves as a national clearinghouse and resource of information regarding election administration. It is charged with administering payments to states and developing guidance to meet HAVA requirements, adopting voluntary voting system guidelines, and accrediting voting
899:
The 2005 VVSG, which significantly increased security requirements for voting systems and expanded access, including opportunities to vote privately and independently, for individuals with disabilities, was unanimously adopted by the EAC in
December 2005; It was version of the federal certification
543:
The current Acting
General Counsel is Amanda Joiner. Prior to her, the General Counsel was Kevin Rayburn. The previous General Counsel was Clifford Tatum, who served a four-year term (October 2015 to October 2019). The agency's first General Counsel, serving under the Executive Director, was Juliet
214:
The HAVA requires the EAC will create voluntary guidelines for voting systems, maintaining a clearinghouse of information regarding election administration procedures including testing and certification of election equipment, and administering the
Election Assistance and Help America Vote Programs.
979:
The national testing effort was overseen by NASED’s Voting
Systems Board, which is composed of election officials and independent technical advisors. NASED established a process for vendors to submit their equipment to an Independent Test Authority (ITA) for evaluation against the Standards. The
796:
The US Election
Assistance Commission has assumed federal responsibility for accrediting voting system test laboratories and certifying voting equipment through the Voting System Certification & Laboratory Accreditation Program. The purpose of the program is to independently verify that voting
753:
reported that Newby had been the subject of extensive criticism from within and without the agency since his hiring in 2015, culminating in multiple calls for his resignation from
Democratic members of the House and the Senate. Anonymous sources reported that Newby played a large role in many EAC
230:
distributed most of the $ 650 million permitted under Title I of HAVA, and the remainder was earmarked for the EAC to disburse. The funds were not distributed because the commissioners were not confirmed until December 9, 2003; the law had required that they be in place by February 26, 2003. The
758:
of Kansas, that would be used in support of Donald Trump's widely discredited claim that millions of illegal votes had been cast in the 2016 presidential election and had denied Trump a majority in the popular vote. An injunction was placed on the changes by a US Appeals court, although the case
582:
The EAC Board of Advisors was established under title II section 211 of HAVA. Like those of the Standards Board, the Board of Advisors' duties include reviewing the voluntary voting systems guidelines and review of the best practices recommendations. The Board consists of appointed members. Two
839:
A new version of the VVSG was approved for adoption in February 2021. The VVSG 2.0 represents a significant advancement in defining standards that improves cybersecurity, accessibility, and usability requirements, while also introducing various audit methods supporting software independence to
733:
about how her research and that of her Republican co-author had been disregarded or altered by the EAC, to produce a published report "that completely stood our own work on its head." The changes included exaggerating the purported voter fraud issue and omitting references to charges of voter
995:
mandated the federal certification process be assumed by the EAC. The EAC implemented an interim certification program in July 2006 which provided a means to obtain federal certification for modifications required by state and local election officials administering the 2006 General Election.
745:
issued a report that found that the EAC engaged in political discrimination in federal hiring against an attorney to fill the General Counsel position because he was a Republican. The report was in response to a settlement between the attorney and the EAC, in which the attorney was paid an
317:
The Help America Vote Act specifies that four commissioners are nominated by the President on recommendations from the majority and minority leadership in the U.S. House and U.S. Senate. Once confirmed by the full Senate, commissioners may serve two consecutive terms and no more than two
569:
The Board selects nine of its members as an Executive Board of whom, no more than five may be State election officials; no more than five may be local election officials; and no more than five may be members of the same political party. (see a full list of
956:
was produced in early 1984. In July 1984 the FEC armed with congressionally appropriated funds began a six-year task of creating the first national performance and test standards for punchcard, marksense, and direct recording electronic voting systems.
209:
communicating information on laws, technologies, procedures, studies, and data related to the administration of federal elections to those responsible for formulating or implementing election law and procedures, to the media, and to other interested
2947:
2061:
552:
The current Inspector General is Brianna Schletz. The Office of the Inspector General is tasked with detecting and preventing fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement of EAC programs, regularly performing audits and evaluations.
3803:
2940:
951:
The U.S. Congress then directed the Federal Election Commission (FEC), in conjunction with the National Bureau of Standards to create engineering and procedural performance standards for voting systems. Another report,
948:. This report highlighted "the lack of appropriate technical skills at the State and local level for developing or implementing written standards, against which voting system hardware and software could be evaluated."
3336:
544:
E. Thompson. She previously held the position of Associate General Counsel at the Independent Insurance Agents & Brokers of America, and General Counsel of the Louisiana Department of Elections and Registration.
251:
In its 2004 budget, Congress again allocated $ 1.5 billion to fund HAVA. By January 2004, the EAC did not have permanent offices or budget, even though it was required to publish state election reform plans in the
695:(NIST); 14 members appointed jointly by the EAC and the Director of NIST from the Standards Board, the Board of Advisors, the Architectural and Transportation Barrier, and the Access Board, a representative of
2538:
727:
charge are intended to prevent qualified Democrats from voting. The EAC Chair denied that there was any political pressure. Tova Wang, a consultant to the Commission, wrote a detailed account in
3202:
1701:
797:
systems comply with the functional capabilities, accessibility, and security requirements necessary to ensure the integrity and reliability of voting system operation, as established in the
3469:
1920:
1925:
2838:
2095:
3920:
2830:
407:
2327:
3614:
2933:
3867:
3531:
3990:
3897:
2317:
1890:
3005:
703:, two representatives of the NASED, and other individuals with technical and scientific expertise relating to voting systems and voting equipment. (see a full list of
3853:
668:
3648:
3570:
3515:
2673:
2034:
1974:
900:
standards. During the 90-day public comment period, EAC received more than 6,000 comments on the proposed guidelines. These comments and the proposed guidelines are
2068:
1979:
1969:
723:. For example, the EAC is said to have overstated the problem of voter fraud, which is often cited by Republicans as a justification for restrictive measures that
2789:
864:
1959:
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3501:
3151:
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1964:
1937:
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847:
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1954:
664:
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349:
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3329:
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478:
161:
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806:
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system test laboratories and certifying voting equipment. It is also charged with developing and maintaining a national mail voter registration form.
831:, three of which were conditionally recertified, after a "top-to-bottom review" of the voting machines certified for use in California in March 2007.
3975:
3084:
2745:
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were nominated by President George W. Bush to replace Ray Martinez and Paul DeGregorio. They were confirmed by the U.S. Senate on February 15, 2007.
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981:
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969:
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In addition to their involvement in the origins of national voting certification and testing, the FEC's Office of Election Administration and the
3188:
2998:
2682:
508:
619:, and the Architectural and Transportation Barrier Compliance Board. The Board also includes the chief of the Office of Public Integrity of the
3752:
3722:
3371:
3012:
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937:
802:
692:
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3413:
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The EAC publishes the Election Administration and Voting Survey, a study examining how states administer federal elections, every two years.
3780:
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3315:
3019:
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2083:
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1876:
1043:
852:
1428:
1361:
639:. Further, the Board also includes four members representing professionals in the field of science and technology, one appointed by the
3745:
3287:
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2307:
817:
684:
203:
administering federal funds for the development of innovative election technology, including pilot programs to test election technology
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2485:
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588:
1163:
4000:
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2029:
1751:
Saltman, R. G. 1988. Accuracy, integrity and security in computerized vote-tallying. Commun. ACM 31, 10 (October 1988), 1184–1191.
616:
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1997:
720:
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143:
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608:
182:
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1001:
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3301:
3216:
2465:
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1716:
1080:
584:
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1000:
accreditation, but EAC has not completed its review, so the Ciber application is pending." They have released
3995:
3787:
3678:
3406:
2490:
2297:
1784:
1618:
1341:
294:
1859:
1400:
3494:
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2574:
954:
Voting System Standards: A Report on the Feasibility of Developing Voluntary Standards for Voting Equipment
901:
272:
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841:
3462:
3253:
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2302:
1771:
1048:
933:
279:
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3441:
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2227:
1768:
Performance and Test Standards for Punchcard, Marksense, and Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems
628:
3846:
3685:
3554:
2363:
2051:
929:
905:
888:
1850:
40:
3547:
3260:
2046:
2041:
2024:
67:
960:
The resulting body of work was the first set of voluntary Voting System Standards issued in 1990.
891:
of the 2007 VVSG was developed by the TGDC and NIST. It was not approved by the TGDC nor the EAC.
28:
3860:
2007:
1942:
1461:
187:
creating a national program for the testing, certification, and decertification of voting systems
1532:. Election Assistance Commission Office of the Inspector General. September 2010. Archived from
3810:
3350:
2438:
2165:
2012:
1740:
1811:
302:
3478:
3239:
3232:
2287:
2100:
1465:
1435:
1368:
992:
624:
490:
264:
165:
871:
715:
Critics have contended that the EAC has responded positively to political pressure from the
3137:
3114:
3107:
2543:
1512:
1021:
876:
672:
660:
298:
908:. The 2005 VVSG will go into effect 24 months after their final adoption (December 2007).
290:
8:
1492:
1317:
729:
571:
563:
562:
adopts resolutions and makes recommendations by simple majority vote.(see a full list of
301:. Masterson resigned in 2018; and on January 2, 2019, President Donald Trump's nominees,
532:
107:
3773:
3070:
2970:
2510:
2386:
2186:
2150:
1569:
1206:
484:
306:
260:
130:
3508:
3130:
2963:
2242:
1868:
828:
1676:
2480:
2450:
2368:
2017:
2002:
1845:
1752:
1227:
502:
466:
253:
235:
77:
865:
Voluntary Voting System Guidelines | The U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC)
145:
3538:
3343:
2155:
2130:
1854:
1720:
1348:
1291:
1087:, see HAVA Sections 202, 205–209, 221–222, 231, 241–247, 801–804, and 902 and at
1084:
1035:
656:
652:
644:
613:
International Association of County Recorders, Election Officials, and Treasurers
177:
The EAC is tasked with performing a number of election-related duties including:
3713:
2392:
2358:
2312:
1732:
1058:
735:
496:
278:
introduced a bill to windup the EAC and transfer some of its functions to the
3969:
3641:
3181:
2926:
2528:
2500:
2495:
2423:
2191:
1739:, prepared for the Clearinghouse on Election Administration (May 1975). URL=
663:. Of the eight final members of the Board, four members are appointed by the
197:
reporting to Congress every two years on the effects of the NVRA on elections
1737:
Final Project Report: Effective Use of Computing Technology in Vote-Tallying
1509:"Election Assistance Commission nixes job to man because of GOP affiliation"
734:
intimidation lodged by Democrats, as well as removing all criticisms of the
3165:
2846:
2460:
2201:
2135:
275:
1655:
1619:"History of Voting System Certification and Test Laboratory Accreditation"
1239:
3455:
3427:
3378:
3294:
824:
755:
738:
administration's Department of Justice that the report had incorporated.
286:
1756:
1029:
842:
Voting System Guidelines | The U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC)
605:
National Association of County Recorders, Election Officials, and Clerks
256:
before money for new voting equipment could be disbursed to the states.
1318:"About The US EAC – About U.S. EAC – US Election Assistance Commission"
1207:"Commissioner Donald Palmer | U.S. Election Assistance Commission"
190:
maintaining the National Mail Voter Registration Form required by the
1713:
1167:
1077:
309:, were confirmed by the US Senate, and took office in February 2019.
3209:
2505:
2455:
2096:
Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996
1788:
1626:
1604:
1429:"Charter of the EAC Technical Guidelines and Development Committee"
750:
3921:
Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act
986:
285:
The EAC did not regain a quorum until December 16, 2014, when the
1601:"Federal election official accused of undermining his own agency"
1559:"Office of Special Counsel Settles Political Discrimination Case"
206:
studying and reporting best practices of effective administration
1702:
County officials fear new voting standards will be hard to meet.
840:
confirm the accuracy of the vote and increase voter confidence.
3615:
White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships
2515:
1863:
1675:. California Secretary of State. August 3, 2007. Archived from
3868:
Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration
1130:
972:(NASED) updated the initial Voting System Standards with the
678:
226:
In 2003, Congress appropriated US$ 1.5 billion for HAVA. The
2573:
1741:
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/NBS_SP_500-30.pdf
936:) and the National Bureau of Standards (predecessor to the
700:
691:. The Committee membership consists of the Director of the
200:
administering federal funds to States for HAVA requirements
1004:
regarding the Ciber, Inc. application from accreditation.
928:
In February 1975 an interagency agreement was formed with
669:
United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration
612:
3649:
Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001
805:(NIST) will recommend labs for accreditation through its
449:
444:
423:
418:
397:
392:
368:
363:
2069:
Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act
923:
687:(TGDC) is tasked with assisting the EAC in drafting the
604:
1834:
1155:
121:
3818:
Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005
3571:
President's Council on Service and Civic Participation
3502:
Higher Education Relief Opportunities For Students Act
1898:
942:
Effective Use of Computing Technology in Vote-Tallying
346:
3656:
Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003
1342:
EAC taps Juliet Thompson for General Counsel Position
665:
United States House Committee on House Administration
3991:
Independent agencies of the United States government
3268:
Foreign Investment and National Security Act of 2007
1011:
430:
326:
The current commissioners as of September 21, 2024:
2526:
2074:
Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act
1860:
Coverage of the U.S. Election Assistance Commission
932:’s Office of Federal Elections (predecessor to the
807:
National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program
762:
375:
1649:"2005 Voluntary Voting System Guidelines Volume 1"
1143:Whitener, Bryan; Layson, Jeannie (March 8, 2007).
162:independent agency of the United States government
3967:
3421:National Security Entry-Exit Registration System
2839:Joint session of Congress (September 11 attacks)
2035:U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
1506:
1246:. Election Assistance Commission. March 13, 2024
970:National Association of State Election Directors
863:A new version of the VVSG was approved in 2015.
597:National Association of State Election Directors
1835:Election Assistance Commission official website
1594:
1592:
1590:
1164:"Election Assistance Commission May Be Closing"
987:EAC Interim Voting System Certification Program
404:
3753:Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002
3723:Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
1812:"U.S. Bars Lab From Testing Electronic Voting"
1519:
1298:. Election Assistance Commission. June 7, 2023
1142:
1127:Nominations and Withdrawals Sent to the Senate
938:National Institute of Standards and Technology
803:National Institute of Standards and Technology
693:National Institute of Standards and Technology
2559:
2349:Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era
1884:
1527:"Use of Appropriated Funds to Settle a Claim"
1266:"Quick Search Election Assistance Commission"
531:The current Executive Director of the EAC is
3781:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
3760:Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007
3693:Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
1587:
593:National Association of Secretaries of State
3707:Financial Literacy and Education Commission
3330:Government response to September 11 attacks
3316:Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act
2446:Democratic backsliding in the United States
2084:Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment Act
1785:"EAC's Voting System Certification Program"
1044:Title 11 of the Code of Federal Regulations
3746:Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008
3288:Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act
2566:
2552:
1891:
1877:
1462:"Federal Panel on Voter Fraud Scrutinized"
1161:
1131:Office of the Press Secretary, White House
818:Technical Guidelines Development Committee
813:national certification of voting systems.
685:Technical Guidelines Development Committee
679:Technical Guidelines Development Committee
312:
129:
3700:Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act
3323:Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
2957:Jordan–United States Free Trade Agreement
623:, the Chief of the Voting Section of the
589:National Conference of State Legislatures
3976:2002 establishments in the United States
2537:) is being considered for deletion. See
1182:"OnPolitics – USA Today's politics blog"
617:United States Commission on Civil Rights
321:
3981:Government agencies established in 2002
3928:Water Resources Development Act of 2007
3665:Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
2690:Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy
2091:National Voter Registration Act of 1993
2047:Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
1611:
1566:United States Office of Special Counsel
1551:
1459:
1423:
1421:
1174:
1100:
974:2002 Voting System Standards/Guidelines
823:In 2007, California Secretary of State
781:This section may need to be cleaned up.
743:United States Office of Special Counsel
583:members being appointed by each of the
457:
192:National Voter Registration Act of 1993
3968:
3825:Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006
3435:Secondary Security Screening Selection
2328:United States Virgin Islands residents
1598:
1500:
1394:"Charter of the EAC Board of Advisors"
667:and four members are appointed by the
3365:National Construction Safety Team Act
3124:Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty
2547:
1872:
1810:Drew, Christopher (January 4, 2007).
1723:, U.S. Election Assistance Commission
1507:Amanda Carpenter (December 3, 2009).
1486:Wang, Tova Andrea (August 30, 2007).
924:Certification Origins and Roy Saltman
759:remained with the US District Court.
697:American National Standards Institute
526:
521:
3898:Magnuson–Stevens Reauthorization Act
3797:Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule
3414:U.S. Department of Homeland Security
1921:House Electors Qualifications Clause
1809:
1485:
1418:
1362:"Charter of the EAC Standards Board"
940:) resulting in a March 1975 report,
766:
577:
547:
3587:Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003
3064:Darfur Peace and Accountability Act
1149:U.S. Election Assistance Commission
1103:"Key facts about U.S. poll workers"
1094:
172:
13:
3739:Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004
3635:American Jobs Creation Act of 2004
3006:Dominican Republic–Central America
2318:Northern Mariana Islands residents
1900:Voting rights in the United States
1714:Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
1568:. December 2, 2009. Archived from
1101:Leppert, Rebecca (July 25, 2024).
894:
858:
834:
799:Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
689:Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
609:United States Conference of Mayors
556:
538:
183:Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
108:Executive Director (United States)
14:
4012:
3309:Born-Alive Infants Protection Act
2541:to help reach a consensus. ›
2079:Federal Voting Assistance Program
1826:
1488:"A Rigged Report on U.S. Voting?"
982:Qualified Voting Systems 12-22-05
699:(ANSI), a representative of the
633:Federal Voting Assistance Program
3516:Criticism of government response
3495:Higher Education Opportunity Act
3386:President's Surveillance Program
2486:Ranked-choice voting in the U.S.
2403:Women's poll tax repeal movement
1054:Certification of voting machines
1028:
1014:
963:
786:Certification of voting machines
771:
763:Certification of voting machines
601:National Association of Counties
39:
27:
4001:Electronic voting organizations
3912:Renewable Identification Number
3730:Forest Land Enhancement Program
3672:Credit Rating Agency Reform Act
3594:Public Service Loan Forgiveness
3372:NIST WTC Disaster Investigation
2030:U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
1948:Privileges or Immunities Clause
1803:
1777:
1761:
1745:
1726:
1707:
1691:
1665:
1641:
1479:
1453:
1386:
1354:
1335:
1310:
1284:
1258:
1145:"Hunter and Rodriguez Join EAC"
289:confirmed three Commissioners,
228:General Services Administration
3986:Elections in the United States
3884:Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
3804:SAFE Transportation Equity Act
3767:Pension Protection Act of 2006
3601:Unborn Victims of Violence Act
3564:Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act
3486:Election Assistance Commission
3393:Terrorist Surveillance Program
3302:Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
2797:State funeral of Ronald Reagan
2308:District of Columbia residents
2238:Multiple non-transferable vote
2161:Voter registration in the U.S.
2106:Election Assistance Commission
1926:Congressional Elections Clause
1851:Election Assistance Commission
1842:Election Assistance Commission
1623:Election Assistance Commission
1599:Geller, Eric (June 15, 2019).
1460:Fessler, Pam (July 31, 2007).
1232:
1217:
1199:
1136:
1120:
1071:
801:(VVSG). With this program the
585:National Governors Association
462:Former commissioners include:
271:the Commission. Specifically,
244:Paul S. DeGregorio (2003–2007)
154:Election Assistance Commission
22:Election Assistance Commission
1:
3788:Troubled Asset Relief Program
3679:Economic Stimulus Act of 2008
3407:Homeland Security Act of 2002
2491:National Voting Rights Museum
2101:Help America Vote Act of 2002
1162:Alex Knott (April 14, 2011).
1064:
980:NASED has compiled a list of
746:unspecified amount of money.
710:
241:Ray Martinez, III (2003–2006)
181:creating and maintaining the
3449:Terrorist Screening Database
3400:NSA warrantless surveillance
3247:H-1B Visa Reform Act of 2004
3092:Vision for Space Exploration
2804:State funeral of Gerald Ford
2575:Presidency of George W. Bush
2534:Presidency of George W. Bush
2354:Timeline of women's suffrage
882:
231:initial Commissioners were:
7:
3470:FISA Amendments Act of 2008
3463:Protect America Act of 2007
3254:L-1 Visa Reform Act of 2004
2408:History of direct democracy
2398:Selma to Montgomery marches
2141:Initiatives and referendums
1772:Federal Election Commission
1347:September 27, 2011, at the
1049:Federal Election Commission
1007:
934:Federal Election Commission
611:, the Election Center, the
280:Federal Election Commission
10:
4017:
3891:Healthy Forests Initiative
3532:Medicare Modernization Act
3442:Terrorist Screening Center
3337:Rescue and recovery effort
3173:August 2001 daily briefing
2790:Presidential proclamations
2228:First-past-the-post voting
1998:U.S. Department of Justice
631:, and the director of the
629:U.S. Department of Justice
247:Gracia Hillman (2003–2010)
221:
16:American government agency
3937:
3847:Clean Boating Act of 2008
3834:
3686:Energy Policy Act of 2005
3624:
3555:Highly qualified teachers
3277:
2971:Trade promotion authority
2916:
2831:Joint session of Congress
2822:
2591:
2582:
2416:
2364:Woman Suffrage Procession
2336:
2255:
2220:
2174:
2123:
2116:
2052:Voting Rights Act of 1965
1988:
1906:
930:General Accounting Office
906:Kennesaw State University
829:electronic voting systems
142:
137:
116:
99:
91:
83:
73:
63:
55:
50:
38:
26:
3944:← Clinton administration
3548:No Child Left Behind Act
3261:Secure Fence Act of 2006
2718:Supreme Court candidates
2683:Legislation and programs
2539:templates for discussion
2303:American Samoa residents
2042:Civil Rights Act of 1960
2025:Civil Rights Act of 1957
1818:– via NYTimes.com.
853:VVSG 2.0 Test Assertions
783:It has been merged from
649:House of Representatives
68:United States of America
3905:Renewable Fuel Standard
3159:Pre-attack intelligence
2008:Enforcement Act of 1870
1943:Equal Protection Clause
749:In 2019, an article in
671:. (see a full list of
651:, one appointed by the
572:Executive Board members
564:Standards Board members
313:Chair and commissioners
3953:Obama administration →
3861:Clear Skies Initiative
2013:Second Enforcement Act
1673:"Top-To-Bottom Review"
1292:"Former Commissioners"
1083:June 17, 2010, at the
1002:relevant documentation
673:Advisory Board members
95:$ 28 million (FY 2023)
3875:Executive Order 13432
3854:Climate change policy
3479:Help America Vote Act
3240:Executive Order 13470
3233:Executive Order 13355
2711:Judicial appointments
2466:Elections in the U.S.
2323:Puerto Rico residents
2062:covered jurisdictions
1575:on September 28, 2011
1466:National Public Radio
1272:. Library of Congress
993:Help America Vote Act
721:Department of Justice
637:Department of Defense
625:Civil Rights Division
621:Department of Justice
491:Rosemary E. Rodriguez
322:Current commissioners
265:Rosemary E. Rodriguez
166:Help America Vote Act
3996:Election commissions
3145:Communication issues
3138:September 11 attacks
2854:Mission Accomplished
1661:on February 8, 2006.
1513:The Washington Times
1441:on December 21, 2016
1406:on December 29, 2016
1374:on December 29, 2016
1022:United States portal
458:Former commissioners
295:Matthew V. Masterson
259:On December 6, 2006
3608:2006 VRA Amendments
2948:by Condoleezza Rice
2934:International trips
2769:Impeachment efforts
1791:on February 8, 2007
1757:10.1145/63039.63041
1629:on February 8, 2007
1539:on October 20, 2011
1493:The Washington Post
1107:Pew Research Center
730:The Washington Post
350:Benjamin W. Hovland
23:
3811:Sarbanes–Oxley Act
3774:Public Law 110-343
3071:Mexico City policy
2511:Voter registration
2387:Give Us the Ballot
2283:Transgender people
2187:Grandfather clause
2151:Provisional ballot
1816:The New York Times
1719:2006-02-09 at the
1698:San Francisco Gate
527:Executive Director
522:Officers and staff
479:Paul S. DeGregorio
21:
3963:
3962:
3509:Hurricane Katrina
3152:Military response
3131:USA Freedom Corps
3057:2002 steel tariff
2964:Trade Act of 2002
2912:
2911:
2903:2008 SOTU Address
2896:2007 SOTU Address
2889:2006 SOTU Address
2882:2005 SOTU Address
2875:2004 SOTU Address
2868:2003 SOTU Address
2861:2002 SOTU Address
2776:Executive actions
2697:Email controversy
2524:
2523:
2471:Electoral College
2293:African Americans
2251:
2250:
2243:One man, one vote
2212:Voter suppression
1351:, August 26, 2004
1133:, (December 2006)
827:decertified four
794:
793:
578:Board of Advisors
548:Inspector General
515:Matthew Masterson
473:Ray Martinez, III
455:
454:
450:December 12, 2015
434:Christy McCormick
424:December 12, 2017
398:December 12, 2021
369:December 12, 2019
299:Christy McCormick
150:
149:
4008:
3956:
3947:
3930:
3923:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3725:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3557:
3550:
3541:
3534:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3488:
3481:
3472:
3465:
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3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3175:
3168:
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3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3117:
3110:
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3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2834:
2815:
2813:Obama transition
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2783:Executive orders
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2704:Shoeing incident
2699:
2692:
2685:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2611:2nd inauguration
2606:
2604:1st inauguration
2599:
2589:
2588:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2545:
2544:
2481:Electoral system
2476:Electoral reform
2451:Disfranchisement
2439:Native Americans
2429:Campaign finance
2374:U.S. suffragists
2369:Silent Sentinels
2298:Native Americans
2121:
2120:
2018:Ku Klux Klan Act
2003:Enforcement Acts
1893:
1886:
1879:
1870:
1869:
1846:Federal Register
1838:
1837:
1820:
1819:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1787:. Archived from
1781:
1775:
1765:
1759:
1749:
1743:
1730:
1724:
1711:
1705:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1679:on July 15, 2007
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1654:. Archived from
1653:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1625:. Archived from
1615:
1609:
1608:
1596:
1585:
1584:
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1580:
1574:
1563:
1555:
1549:
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1497:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1434:. Archived from
1433:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1405:
1399:. Archived from
1398:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1367:. Archived from
1366:
1358:
1352:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1288:
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1262:
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1236:
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1203:
1197:
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1178:
1172:
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1159:
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1152:
1140:
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1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1098:
1092:
1075:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
775:
774:
767:
717:Republican Party
503:Donetta Davidson
467:DeForest Soaries
451:
446:
445:January 13, 2015
438:
437:
436:
425:
420:
419:January 13, 2015
412:
411:
410:
399:
394:
393:February 4, 2019
386:
383:
382:
381:
379:Donald L. Palmer
370:
365:
364:February 4, 2019
357:
354:
353:
352:
329:
328:
303:Benjamin Hovland
254:Federal Register
236:DeForest Soaries
173:Responsibilities
133:
128:
125:
123:
100:Agency executive
78:Washington, D.C.
43:
31:
24:
20:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3950:
3941:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3728:
3721:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:Economic policy
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3553:
3546:
3539:Medicare Part D
3537:
3530:
3523:Disaster relief
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3484:
3477:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3344:9/11 Commission
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:Domestic policy
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3196:Afghanistan War
3194:
3187:
3180:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:Slovakia summit
3113:
3108:Slovenia summit
3106:
3099:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2946:
2941:by Colin Powell
2939:
2932:
2925:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2837:
2829:
2818:
2811:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2753:
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2723:
2716:
2709:
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2681:
2672:
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2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2578:
2572:
2542:
2525:
2520:
2412:
2332:
2247:
2216:
2182:Electoral fraud
2170:
2166:Voting in space
2156:Recall election
2131:Absentee ballot
2112:
1990:
1984:
1908:
1902:
1897:
1855:USAspending.gov
1833:
1832:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1808:
1804:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1766:
1762:
1750:
1746:
1731:
1727:
1721:Wayback Machine
1712:
1708:
1704:August 4, 2007.
1696:
1692:
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1529:
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1520:
1505:
1501:
1496:. pp. A21.
1484:
1480:
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1387:
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1371:
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1355:
1349:Wayback Machine
1340:
1336:
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1315:
1311:
1301:
1299:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1273:
1264:
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1259:
1249:
1247:
1240:"Commissioners"
1238:
1237:
1233:
1222:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1160:
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1141:
1137:
1125:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1099:
1095:
1085:Wayback Machine
1076:
1072:
1067:
1036:Politics portal
1034:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1010:
989:
966:
926:
897:
895:VVSG 1.0 (2005)
885:
861:
859:VVSG 1.1 (2015)
837:
835:VVSG 2.0 (2021)
790:
776:
772:
765:
713:
681:
657:Minority Leader
655:and one by the
653:Majority Leader
645:Minority Leader
643:and one by the
615:(IACREOT), the
580:
559:
557:Standards Board
550:
541:
539:General Counsel
529:
524:
485:Caroline Hunter
469:Jr. (2003–2005)
460:
432:
431:
406:
405:
384:
377:
376:
355:
348:
347:
324:
315:
261:Caroline Hunter
238:Jr. (2003–2005)
224:
175:
164:created by the
120:
112:
51:Agency overview
46:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4014:
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3957:
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3770:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3719:
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3717:
3714:Red Flags Rule
3710:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3661:
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3274:
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3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3224:2008 Iraq SOFA
3220:
3217:financial cost
3213:
3206:
3203:2002 Iraq AUMF
3199:
3192:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3119:
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3111:
3101:Russia summits
3097:
3096:
3095:
3081:
3074:
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2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
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2953:
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2951:
2944:
2930:
2922:
2920:
2918:Foreign policy
2914:
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2899:
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2426:
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2400:
2395:
2393:Freedom Summer
2390:
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1980:26th Amendment
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1970:23rd Amendment
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1965:19th Amendment
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1955:15th Amendment
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2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
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1933:1st Amendment
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1302:September 21,
1297:
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1250:September 21,
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1078:EAC Divisions
1074:
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964:FEC and NASED
961:
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931:
919:
918:VVSG Volume 2
916:
914:
913:VVSG Volume 1
911:
910:
909:
907:
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892:
890:
889:draft version
878:
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741:In 2009, the
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607:(NACRC), the
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509:Gineen Bresso
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351:
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341:Term expires
340:
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319:
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308:
307:Donald Palmer
304:
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106:Steven Frid,
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92:Annual budget
90:
86:
82:
79:
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72:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
45:Official logo
42:
37:
33:Official seal
30:
25:
19:
3951:
3942:
3485:
3166:Phoenix Memo
3085:Space policy
2847:Axis of evil
2739:Samuel Alito
2725:John Roberts
2532:
2461:Election law
2379:Publications
2288:Young adults
2202:Voter caging
2136:Early voting
2124:Voter access
2105:
1991:and agencies
1989:Federal laws
1815:
1805:
1793:. Retrieved
1789:the original
1779:
1763:
1747:
1736:
1728:
1709:
1697:
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1677:the original
1667:
1656:the original
1643:
1633:February 17,
1631:. Retrieved
1627:the original
1622:
1613:
1577:. Retrieved
1570:the original
1553:
1541:. Retrieved
1534:the original
1521:
1502:
1491:
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1436:the original
1408:. Retrieved
1401:the original
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1369:the original
1356:
1337:
1325:. Retrieved
1321:
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:Congress.gov
1269:
1260:
1248:. Retrieved
1243:
1234:
1228:§ 20923
1219:
1210:
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1185:
1176:
1157:
1148:
1138:
1122:
1112:September 1,
1110:. Retrieved
1106:
1096:
1073:
998:
990:
978:
967:
959:
953:
950:
941:
927:
898:
886:
862:
838:
822:
815:
811:
795:
784:
780:
748:
740:
728:
714:
705:TGDC members
682:
581:
568:
560:
551:
542:
530:
461:
408:Thomas Hicks
385:(Vice Chair)
338:Took office
325:
316:
291:Thomas Hicks
284:
276:Gregg Harper
269:
258:
250:
225:
217:
213:
176:
157:
153:
151:
74:Headquarters
64:Jurisdiction
18:
3456:Real ID Act
3428:No Fly List
3379:Patriot Act
3295:Amber alert
3048:South Korea
2577:(2001–2009)
2527:‹ The
2434:Citizenship
2175:Vote denial
1322:www.eac.gov
1211:www.eac.gov
946:Roy Saltman
825:Debra Bowen
756:Kris Kobach
533:Steven Frid
517:(2014–2018)
511:(2008–2011)
505:(2005–2011)
499:(2003–2010)
493:(2007–2009)
487:(2007–2008)
481:(2003–2007)
475:(2003–2006)
287:U.S. Senate
3970:Categories
2597:Transition
2278:Foreigners
2117:State laws
2057:amendments
1909:provisions
1683:August 10,
1471:August 30,
1065:References
816:The EAC's
711:Criticisms
441:Republican
415:Democratic
389:Republican
360:Democratic
356:(Chairman)
3358:criticism
3189:2001 AUMF
3041:Singapore
2978:Australia
1916:Article I
1795:March 17,
1186:USA Today
1168:Roll Call
1091:Section 9
902:available
883:2007 VVSG
809:(NVLAP).
725:Democrats
138:Footnotes
84:Employees
3210:Iraq War
2999:Colombia
2823:Speeches
2618:Timeline
2584:Timeline
2529:template
2506:Suffrage
2456:Election
2344:Timeline
2256:By group
2197:Poll tax
1717:Archived
1605:Politico
1345:Archived
1081:Archived
1008:See also
904:via the
877:Volume 2
872:Volume 1
848:VVSG 2.0
751:Politico
719:and the
160:) is an
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