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190:, about 20 km south of Jerusalem, but at a higher elevation, therefore no pumping will be required. In November 1909, a German engineer, Max Magnus published a report published in November 1909, in which he challenged the feasibility of the plan to deviate the source of the Arroub spring and argues in favor of deviating the spring at Ein Farah. The geographical location of the Ein Fara spring, 500 meters lower in altitude than Jerusalem, would have required building electric pumps to carry the water to the city, at a total budget of four million
194:, double what the Franghia plan would have cost. Neither project was carried out under the Ottoman administration because of a lack of funding. On February 14, 1914, a concession agreement for the building and operation of the supply of drinking water to the city of Jerusalem was signed. The bidder awarded the contract was an Ottoman citizen, Euripide Mavrommatis, living in
186:, and considered pumping water from Ein Farah to Jerusalem. The engineer George Franghia, an Ottoman subject of Greek origin, began a study in 1889 looking at possible new water resources for Jerusalem. His proposal was presented to the municipality in 1894. Franghia suggested to pump water from the
98:. Until 1970, the water of the spring was pumped to supply Jerusalem. Since the 1970s it is part of the Israeli En Prat (upper Wadi Qelt) nature reserve. The spring flows into a natural rock pool, and its output (around 1500 m³ a day) creates a brook that flows all year round.
101:
Ein Farah is the uppermost and largest of Wadi Qelt's three perennial springs. In Hebrew the entire stream is called Prat; in Arabic though, each sections has its own name, according to the respective spring; the upper section is called Wadi Farah after 'Ayn Farah.
146:
stood at the lower end of the valley, where it reaches the Plain of
Jericho, at the archaeological site known as Tulul Abu el-Alayiq which contains a vast Herodian pool and several other water facilities, partially provided with water from the aqueduct.
222:
in West
Jerusalem. The company started working on the Ein Farah Waterworks project in April 1926. But the amount of water supplied was not sufficient for the needs of the growing city. In February 1926 the British company
261:
In 1970, the city
Jerusalem was connected to Israel's national water system, and pumping from the spring was stopped. The remains of the Mandate-era pumping station and pipes can still be seen within the nature reserve.
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The spring's water has been collected and sent downstream by aqueducts during several historical periods since antiquity, and was even used to supply water to
Jerusalem, some 450 metres uphill, between 1926 and 1970.
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In the end of the 19th century the
Ottoman authorities in Palestine searched for an additional major water resource for the quick developing city of
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The work on the Ein Farah
Waterworks project included the construction of three pumping stations, a 6-inch pipeline and a water reservoir at the
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in
Jerusalem. The work was completed on 15 July 1926. The opening ceremony, that took place on French Hill, was attended by Mayor of Jerusalem
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in
December 1917, work started on the building a water supply system from the Al-Arroub springs, a 4-inch pipe was laid to a water pool in
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BRITISH COMPANY TO ERECT MODERN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN JERUSALEM - The Reform
Advocate, 20 February 1926
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period (2nd century BC). The aqueducts transported water from the spring and along the wadi to
Jericho.
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593:"Water in Jerusalem at the End of the Ottoman Period (1850-1920): Technical and Political Networks"
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acquired the concession to supply water and electricity to the city from Euripide Mavrommatis.
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The area of the nature reserve was increased to 28,000 dunam in 1988, and access of the local
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Several aqueducts have been found originating from the spring, the oldest dating to the
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a "Sir Joh Jackson Ltd." truck during the construction of the Ein Farah Waterworks 1926
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This article is about the West Bank spring. For the archaeological site in Darfur, see
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One of the Ein Farah Waterworks pumping station, shortly after completion in 1927
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the ancient aqueduct was renovated and the spring kept on supplying water to
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Ein Farah supplied water to the surrounding area since ancient times. In the
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Water pipes being carried in Jerusalem for the Ein Farah Waterworks 1926
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A tool used in the opening ceremony baring the name of Viscount Plumer
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construction of a water storage tank for the Ein Farah Waterworks 1926
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was built for the first time, to carry the water for a long distance.
556:"Jericho - The Winter Palace of King Herod - Jewish Virtual Library"
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One of the three pumping stations of the Ein Farah waterworks in 1926
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JERUSALEM TO HAVE WATER - The Palestine Bulletin, 21 February 1926
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Reservoir 15 July 1926 (The sign is in English, Arabic and Hebrew)
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Access road that was built during work on the Ein Farah Waterworks
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PALESTINE FROM DAY TO DAY - The Palestine Bulletin, 16 April 1926
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The cliffs around the spring are a popular climbing destination.
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726:"How Settlers Use Flocks of Sheep to Take Over Palestinian Land"
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Pumping station under construction for the Ein Farah Waterworks
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To the east of the spring the remains of aqueducts from the
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Bedouin shepherd with his flock at the spring, circa 1920
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Water pipes being laid for the Ein Farah Waterworks 1926
531:"In the occupied West Bank, even hiking is political"
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News article about the opening ceremony (In Hebrew)
678:"Wadi Qelt Squatter Works as Preserve's Inspector"
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704:"MK's Daughter to Be Booted From Nature Reserve"
422:High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan
244:High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan
159:were found, and also the ruins of a flour mill.
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289:Construction of the Ein Farah Waterworks 1926
258:in 1968, was fenced and requires entry fees.
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269:shepherds to the spring has been blocked.
254:The area around the spring was declared a
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86:, 325 metres above sea level, between
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743:Ein Farah, Sport climbing - theCrag
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418:Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer
240:Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer
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702:Rinat, Zafrir (16 November 2004).
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214:occupied Jerusalem, following the
202:, the project didn't materialise.
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810:Springs of the State of Palestine
762:Israel Nature and Parks Authority
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479:Israel Nature and Parks Authority
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764:website. Accessed 24 April 2021.
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16:Spring in Wadi Qelt, West Bank
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126:Hellenistic and Roman periods
385:The opening ceremony of the
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791:31.83262694; 35.30682389
560:jewishvirtuallibrary.org
505:"En Prat Nature Reserve"
475:"En Prat Nature Reserve"
405:at the opening ceremony
32:Ein Farah Gorge in 1920s
758:En Prat Nature Reserve
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509:allAboutJerusalem.com
225:Sir John Jackson Ltd.
210:Six months after the
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403:Raghib al-Nashashibi
236:Raghib al-Nashashibi
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216:Battle of Jerusalem
163:Late Ottoman period
136:The winter palaces
116:Hellenistic period
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789: /
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604: [
387:French Hill
232:French Hill
454:References
250:After 1967
142:kings and
760:, at the
610:: 129-143
184:Jerusalem
140:Hasmonean
132:Hasmonean
96:West Bank
88:Jerusalem
84:Wadi Qelt
53:Ein Farah
21:Ain Farah
804:Category
614:23 April
535:+972 mag
514:24 April
484:24 April
120:aqueduct
79:located
57:Ayn Fara
730:Haaretz
708:Haaretz
687:31 July
682:Haaretz
664:Haaretz
540:2 March
276:Gallery
267:Bedouin
212:British
173:Jericho
138:of the
110:History
94:in the
92:Jericho
75:, is a
73:En Prat
65:عين فرح
220:Romema
196:Galata
192:francs
179:area.
77:spring
69:Hebrew
61:Arabic
608:]
689:2019
616:2021
542:2016
516:2021
486:2021
238:and
175:and
90:and
55:or '
118:an
71:as
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624:^
606:fr
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59:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
