Eileen Collins - Knowledge

1466: 1092: 1622: 1263: 1146:(JSC) with the second of five groups of hopefuls for a week of interviews, examinations, medical evaluations and orientation, commencing on 2 October 1989. Once again, her eyesight proved a problem; she failed the depth perception test, but the doctor allowed her to take an alternative test, which she passed. On 16 January 1990, she saw a note on the message board asking her to call Duane Ross. When she called she was put through to John Young, who informed her that she had been selected. When he asked if she had any questions, she asked if she was to be a pilot or a mission specialist. Young laughed and told her: "Pilot! Yes, pilot. You will be the first woman to pilot the 2208: 1221:(KSC) in Florida as an astronaut support person (ASP), also known as a Cape Crusader. This was another routine assignment that astronauts did to familiarize them with the Space Shuttle's systems and procedures. ASPs handled the checkout of the systems in the hangar and on the launch pad. As members of the KSC closeout crew, they strapped the astronauts into their seats before takeoff, and helped them out again after landing. Collins spent sixteen months as an ASP, assisting with ten Space Shuttle missions between February 1992 and June 1993. After so long away from JSC, her skills in the simulator had become rusty, so the 1738: 46: 1888:(ISS) as well as the Space Shuttle. She relinquished this position on being assigned to command STS-93. After returning from that mission, she became the chief information officer at the Astronaut Office. In that role she automated the scheduling system, an initiative of the new Chief of the Astronaut Office, Charles Precourt. She then became the chief of the Space Shuttle Branch, remaining in this role until November 2000, when she left on maternity leave. On returning to work in January 2001, she became the chief of the Safety Branch, replacing 909: 5092: 2155: 735: 1872: 1154: 2038: 8202: 8178: 280: 285: 275: 270: 642:(USAF) changed its policy to allow women to train as pilots, although only for non-combat missions. The first ten women chosen for pilot training in September 1976 were all serving Air Force officers with four-year college degrees. They graduated in September 1977. Collins noted their names and followed their progress and subsequent careers with interest, hoping to soon follow in their footsteps. 817:. Entry required at least one year as an aircraft commander in an operational aircraft and over one thousand hours flying time. She had already accumulated over a thousand hours flying as an instructor at Vance, but the USAF does not consider a trainer an operational aircraft, unlike a fighter, bomber, reconnaissance, transport or refueling aircraft. Collins requested an assignment flying the 1019:

the USAF Test Pilot School were rejected on these grounds. When she applied for a third time in 1989, she had been in the USAF for longer than the ten-year maximum allowed before entering the USAF Test Pilot School, but this time a waiver was granted. In the meantime, Captain Jacquelyn Susan "Jackie" Parker became the first woman to graduate from the USAF Test Pilot School in 1988.

8190: 1491:, which had a reputation as the least troublesome orbiter, and for this mission carried two Spacehab modules instead of just one. In preparation for the mission, Collins completed one hundred hours of Russian language classroom training, but she usually relied on Precourt translating for her. The crew traveled to Star City to study 2107:

was not damaged, video of the launch revealed that the problem with debris striking the Space Shuttle had not been resolved. Ten pieces of foam had broken off the external tank during lift off, including a 92-by-279-by-17-centimeter (36.3 in × 110 in × 6.7 in) piece that was

2145:

touched down after a mission lasting 13 days, 21 hours and 33 minutes. This time, Collins was unhappy with her landing, feeling that it was slightly fast. She was relieved to find that the tires were in good shape. Although she had felt well in space on this mission, her feet hurt as the bones moved

2056:

She expressed reservations about the studs that held the Space Shuttle in place on the launch pad. The bolts holding them were supposed to be ruptured by explosive charges on lift off, but not all had done so on every mission; nuts had failed to rupture on one in five missions. If too many failed to

1802:

lifted off at last on 23 July. One of the main engine controllers failed during takeoff, and one of the main engines cut out prematurely. As a result, the orbit reached was 7 miles (11 km) lower than intended but the situation could have been much worse; the engine problem was caused by a pin

681:

upon graduation from Syracuse, to become a computer systems engineer. Before this could occur, the Syracuse AFROTC commander, Colonel Vernon Hagen, informed her that the USAF was now accepting up to ten women from AFROTC programs for pilot training; the first ten women graduated on 2 September 1977.

1706:

Because the AXAF weighed 30,852 pounds (13,994 kg) and the IUS weighed 12,930 pounds (5,860 kg), this was the heaviest payload ever launched by the Space Shuttle. To save weight, the crew was reduced to five members, and consumables to those needed for a five-day mission. This made it the

1189:

had been a fellow assistant professor at the Air Force Academy and graduate student at Stanford. Pilot ASCANs honed their skills flying the T-38, an aircraft with which Collins was already familiar. They attended classes on the Space Shuttle and its systems, and trained in a low-fidelity simulator.

2130:

s belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage to the orbiter upon reentry. It was a difficult maneuver, but one that she had practised many times in the simulator. She then flew under the ISS and docked with it. The inspections revealed some concerns: gap fillers were protruding

1966:

in February 2003. STS-114 now became NASA's "return to flight" mission to test safety improvements in addition to resupplying the ISS. The crew remained the same, but instead of the ISS expedition crew members, STS-114 would take three additional mission specialists to handle the greater workload:

1018:

in California, but USAF rules required officers to pay back their tuition by serving with the duty assignment that provided the funding. This meant that she was supposed to remain at the Air Force Academy for three years. She hoped that this rule would be waived, but her first two applications for

1979:

to operate the robotic arm, which was equipped with specialized cameras so that the Space Shuttle could be surveyed for damage. STS-114 was already scheduled to be the next mission flown, but it is unlikely that it would have remained so if Collins and Kelly had not already flown a mission as

1823:

eventually reached the proper orbit and the Chandra X-ray Observatory was successfully deployed. For the remainder of the mission, the crew used the Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System (SWUIS) to take ultraviolet images of the Earth, the Moon, Mercury, Venus and Jupiter. Collins used the

1686:

had to be used because its airlock was inside the crew compartment instead of the payload bay. This meant that it was the only orbiter that could accommodate the AXAF and the IUS. Initially scheduled for January 1999, the launch date was delayed due to an investigation of a failed USAF

1797:

There was no fuel leak; the sensor was faulty. The launch was rescheduled for two days later. It then had to be postponed a further day due to bad weather. On the third launch attempt, there was a seven-minute delay due to a communications problem, but

1803:

that had come loose and struck the nozzle, rupturing three liquid hydrogen coolant tubes. Had the controller not been faulty, it might have pumped more liquid oxygen and caused the engine to explode. After the flight, faults were found not just in

2034:, Collins replied: "I would have to say no. I want to fly again. I am very mentally ready to go fly again." Then pausing, noting that she wanted to be precise, she added "I am mentally ready to go fly again when the shuttle is cleared to fly." 653:

from men, but Collins was granted permission to do the morning run with the men, who had to run 12 furlongs (2.4 km) in less than 12 minutes. The training included classes on the history of the USAF and the theory of flight, a ride in a

1672:

in 1990 and service it in 1997. Collins was apprehensive that Hawley would attempt to command the mission. Her fears proved groundless; Hawley offered wisdom and advice but made no attempt to interfere with Collins's command of the mission.

2131:

between some of the tiles, which could cause them to pop out during re-entry. The three spacewalks and the transfer of supplies were carried out without problems. On the third spacewalk, Robinson rode the robotic arm to the underside of

789:

training. The top-ranking members of the class went on to fly single-pilot aircraft, while the others became co-pilots. Most single-pilot aircraft were combat aircraft, which woman could not yet fly, so she stayed on at Vance as a

2169:. On 1 May 2006, NASA announced that she was leaving NASA to spend more time with her family and pursue other interests. She had flown 6,751 hours in thirty different types of aircraft, and logged over 872 hours in space flights. 1247:. This was the first time a woman had piloted the Space Shuttle. Delays in the flight schedule meant that she was the second-last member of her class to fly in space. Two more women pilots joined the Astronaut Corps in 1995 with 1184:

was publicly announced on 17 January 1990. The group called themselves the "Hairballs". She reported for duty at JSC on 16 July 1990, after graduating from the USAF Test Pilot School. She knew one other member of the group well:

2102:

at KSC to swap the external tank. This pushed the launch date back to 13 July. Then the same problem recurred, causing another postponement. The mission was launched on 26 July 2005, after a flawless countdown. Although

1107:. Because she had not yet graduated from the USAF Test Pilot School, the USAF submitted her application as one for a mission specialist. NASA convened a selection board chaired by the Director of Flight Crew Operations, 8362: 1946:

and to replace a gyroscope that had failed. Collins was concerned about the proposed workload; she knew from her experience on STS-93 that a hectic schedule and pressure to get things done often resulted in mistakes.

714:

for the Flight Screening Program (FSP) In August 1978. She was one of four women in the class; there were ten men. The purpose of the FSP was to screen out unsuitable pilots before sending them to the more expensive

1359:(RCS) thrusters, which sprang leaks. Some thrusters could be shut off, but one thruster, R1U, was required for rendezvous, and could not. Eventually all its contents leaked into space and it was safe to approach 1103:(NASA) announced that it was selecting another class of astronauts. Collins's application was one of nearly 2,500 received by the 30 June 1989 deadline, of which 1,945 met the minimum requirements for pilots or 1939:, which would then be filled with experiments, equipment that was no longer required, and garbage to be returned to Earth. Three spacewalks were scheduled, to install an external stowage platform on the ISS 1883:

After the STS-84 mission, Collins had become the head of the Vehicle Systems Branch of the Astronaut Office, which she had renamed the Spacecraft Systems Branch, as the scope of its work now included the

1520:

without incident the next day. This time, Collins felt no nausea. Crew members were exchanged, and 7,300 pounds (3,300 kg) of equipment, spare parts, experiments and supplies were transferred to

528:

so astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of its belly to ensure there was no threat from debris-related damage during re-entry. She retired from the USAF in January 2005 with the rank of

1206:, and parachute training at Vance Air Force Base. Although their training was intended to take a year, the ASCANs were moved on to operational roles after nine months. Collins was assigned to 690:

in her right eye, she had only 20/25 in the left, leading to her being rejected. Hagen told her to rest her eyes, and ordered a re-test, which she passed. She graduated later that year with a

2176:, a San Antonio banking and insurance company, from 2006 to 2021. She remained involved with NASA, as chair of the Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council from 2007 to 2011. 8322: 1790:

s hazardous gas detection system highlighted an unacceptably high hydrogen concentration in the aft engine compartment, and the countdown was halted less than half a second before the

785:

at the conclusion of this training, and was selected to become a flight instructor. There remained some training before she could join an operational unit. First, there was a week of

8337: 1022:

Collins became the second woman pilot to attend when she joined Class 89B in June 1989. She was also the most senior member of the class, as she was the only one with the rank of

1958:

in June 2002 led to the entire Space Shuttle fleet being grounded again until October, pushing the launch date back to 6 March 2003. The fleet was then grounded again after the

4851: 4405: 1794:(SSMEs) were to have started. Had they been started, they would have had to be replaced, which would have taken a month, pushing it into the scheduled maintenance window. 596: 1390:

on the first three days, taking dinner for the first time on the fourth. Her responsibilities included running the Fluids Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus-1 (FGBA-1), a

8367: 8357: 5486: 2141:

was supposed to land at KSC on 8 August but unfavorable weather led to a postponement until the next day, and the landing site was changed to Edwards Air Force Base.

8317: 4675: 2944: 2820: 948:, and took thirty-six medical students back. Although women were not supposed to fly in combat, the USAF gave her combat pay for the mission, and awarded her the 8372: 2780: 3976: 1512:

lifted off from KSC on 15 May 1997. For Collins, it was the first and only time a launch had occurred without delays. Nor were there any leaking thrusters;

1465: 7566: 650: 3931: 4054: 2057:

separate, the result could be catastrophic. A new detonator system was devised, but would not be available for STS-114. She also had concerns about the

3003: 1586:

The usual practice at this time was for a pilot astronaut to fly two missions as a pilot and then go on to command a mission. Collins had heard of the

8307: 8292: 5078: 802:. She was the first woman to become a T-38 instructor pilot, and the only woman flight instructor at Vance between September 1979 and December 1982. 8377: 8342: 4824: 3567: 2700: 1326:(STA), a NASA training vehicle that duplicated the orbiter's approach profile and handling qualities. The crew paid a visit to Russia and visited 1003:

in 1989. She had begun dating a fellow C-141 pilot, James P. (Pat) Youngs, in August 1983. Youngs was also posted to the Air Force Academy, as a

5271: 4900: 4499: 2544: 5479: 4207: 2119:

was already in orbit, but the Space Shuttle fleet was grounded again. Collins became the first astronaut to fly an orbiter through a complete

4724: 1836:

in for a night landing, the twelfth of the Space Shuttle program. The flight had lasted 4 days, 22 hours and 50 minutes. She was awarded the

1606:. This would be the first time that a woman commanded a Space Shuttle mission, so the official announcement of her assignment was made by the 8392: 5444: 1776: 5449: 4779: 4358: 4630: 4234: 8347: 4560: 3319: 3262: 3226: 2692: 1621: 1444: 1091: 762:. There were three other women in her class, 79–08. She decorated her helmet with the logo E = mc, an allusion to both her initials and 8267: 2903: 2224: 2098:

was rolled out to the launch pad on 6 April 2005, but problems with the sensors in the external tank led to it being taken back to the

1837: 135: 4583: 1142:

In September 1989, Collins received a call from Duane Ross, the selection board's administrative officer, inviting her to come to the

770:

equation. Flight training was conducted in the T-37 Tweet. On 24 November 1978, she became the first member of her class to fly solo.

8352: 8327: 8277: 8242: 7559: 5472: 2232: 608: 150: 4524: 841:, a transport aircraft that had been her 21st choice, as a co-pilot. She flew long-range missions such as the "Double Diego" run to 8287: 786: 632: 378: 4380: 558:

and Elmira, New York. She had three siblings: an older brother, a younger sister, and a younger brother. Her father served in the

8272: 5434: 2726: 1664:

was the only available astronaut who met both these requirements. Hawley was a very senior astronaut who had been selected with

2311: 1527:

Collins spent most of the time filling bags with drinking water. She also carried out a photographic survey of the exterior of

826: 3723: 8312: 5071: 5027: 4974: 4753: 2352: 1100: 1059: 683: 177: 8237: 8232: 8145: 7575: 7552: 4945: 2286: 2212: 1039: 8332: 5264: 4679: 2612: 2184: 2159: 2015: 1262: 5056: 1980:

commander and pilot respectively. Collins advocated for at least one rookie astronaut to be assigned to the flight, and

1723:, so any problems had to be resolved in the payload bay, as the Chandra could not be retrieved. The large mass affected 8382: 8257: 2583: 1336:

spacecraft, the Russian equivalent of the Space Shuttle. On Collins' invitation, seven of the surviving members of the

3512: 8302: 8252: 3388: 2244: 2228: 1991: 1640:, a rookie astronaut, was assigned as Collins's pilot. To deploy the AXAF, she had NASA mission specialist astronaut 980: 324: 167: 145: 17: 4313: 433:, and took thirty-six medical students back. From 1986 to 1989, she was an assistant professor in mathematics and a 8397: 8262: 5496: 5064: 4286: 3980: 2183:. She was the commencement speaker at the 148th commencement of Syracuse University in May 2001. She addressed the 1825: 1067: 949: 865:

in the Philippines. The aircraft then flew to Clark and Diego Garcia again, before heading homeward via Singapore,

822: 377:

degree in mathematics and economics in 1978, Collins was commissioned as an officer in the USAF through Syracuse's

162: 3787: 3649: 3459: 2061:

that separated the SRBs from the orbiter. These were redesigned for STS-114. Finally, she expressed concern about

7253: 6716: 4434: 4314:"Space Shuttle Astronauts Curt Brown, Eileen Collins and Bonnie Dunbar Inducted into U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame" 2480: 2330: 2275: 1959: 1007:

instructor. They were married on 1 August 1987. Youngs eventually left the USAF to fly as a commercial pilot for

964: 952:. After nine months as a co-pilot, she was upgraded to first pilot. After attending aircraft commander school at 667: 509: 2112:, and it had evidently not been fixed. Collins blamed herself for not pushing Michoud harder to effect changes. 1401:

Soon after returning from space, Collins became pregnant. Her first child, Bridget, was born nine months later.

901:, and to European destinations in Germany, Spain, Italy, Turkey and the United Kingdom in support of the annual 8387: 8282: 5257: 4608: 4430: 3935: 2326: 2282: 2248: 1936: 1845: 1780: 619:, a public high school. After graduating from Elmira Free Academy in 1974, Collins considered enlisting in the 172: 4455: 4260: 8247: 5439: 4546: 2843:"Today in History – Syracuse University Graduate Eileen Collins Chosen as First Woman to Pilot Space Shuttle" 1656:

was to be the second mission specialist, but NASA headquarters wanted an astronomer with experience with the

1222: 5282: 4802: 2641: 1276:

on flight day one of the STS-63 mission during a "hotfiring" procedure prior to rendezvous with the Russian

7388: 6742: 6620: 1857:

show on 25 April 2000. She had a miscarriage in November 1999, but a son, Luke, was born in November 2000.

929: 716: 575: 414: 382: 5464: 4184: 2391: 2207: 1115:, the Director of Life Sciences; Joseph Atkinson, the Chief of Equal Opportunity Programs; and astronauts 7719: 6329: 3149: 2179:

Collins also made occasional public appearances as an analyst covering Shuttle launches and landings for

2027: 1885: 1772: 1312: 1199: 806: 782: 767: 646: 611:, a Catholic high school, but was unhappy there. The family home was badly damaged by flooding caused by 517: 394: 4828: 3571: 2345:

Through the Glass Ceiling to the Stars: The Story of the First American Woman to Command a Space Mission

2321:

in 1996, and in 2021, she received Syracuse University's highest alumni honor, the George Arents Award.

8168: 7919: 5937: 2879:

Stoker, Peter; Hunter, David R.; Kantor, Jeffrey E.; Quebe, John C.; Siem, Frederick M. (August 1987).

1912: 1043: 615:

in June 1972, and with finances tight, she was able to convince her mother to allow her to transfer to

2299: 1594:, that she was interested in flying the mission to deploy it. A few months later, JSC deputy director 682:

He offered to put her name forward. Collins eagerly accepted the offer, but a physical examination at

8297: 7974: 4907: 2548: 2322: 2120: 2099: 2019: 1998:, advised her to visit the contractors where the Space Shuttle components were made. She visited the 1791: 1692: 1587: 1560:, and everyone had a couple of sips. Alcohol consumption was banned on the Space Shuttle, but not on 1435:. Foale had been with Collins on the STS-63 mission. This time the cosmonaut on the mission would be 1323: 838: 624: 525: 501: 366: 90: 1014:

Earning an advanced degree improved her chances of being selected for the USAF Test Pilot School at

719:(UPT) program. Collins was almost eliminated on medical grounds due to her left eye and a suspected 7779: 6666: 6570: 6269: 6153: 2485: 2058: 1191: 878: 818: 655: 6940: 4335: 1459: 7899: 7754: 7744: 7684: 7060: 6950: 6803: 6309: 6178: 5646: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5105: 5101: 5087: 3932:"NASA – STS-114 Commander Eileen Collins: From 'Soaring Capital of America' to the Space Shuttle" 2329:

also conferred an honorary Doctor of Science degree on her on 14 June 2006. She was awarded with

2290: 2252: 2166: 2066: 2003: 1850: 1843:

After a flight astronauts usually carried out a publicity tour. Collins appeared with Coleman on

1812: 1691:

launch using the IUS and problems that were discovered during testing of the AXAF (now named the

1356: 1292: 1271: 1248: 1181: 854: 795: 747: 724: 707: 639: 529: 481: 465: 347: 234: 214: 210: 182: 4702:"Lone Star Flight Museum Held a Virtual Ceremony for 2020 Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame Inductees" 1026:, which made her the class leader. At Edwards she flew several types of aircraft, including the 794:

instructor pilot. This involved four weeks of pilot instructor training, which was conducted at

546: 8222: 8129: 7006: 6501: 6365: 6324: 6057: 6027: 5610: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5308: 5240: 4648: 4634: 2256: 2023: 1999: 1746: 1681: 1669: 1665: 1630: 1611: 1486: 1116: 1015: 933: 921: 917: 846: 814: 579: 458: 438: 418: 7699: 3326: 3269: 3233: 754:, where the first ten women had trained, but the USAF personnel office decided to send her to 7819: 7520: 7207: 6798: 6762: 6600: 6385: 6138: 6097: 6067: 5967: 5962: 5885: 5810: 5185: 4901:"Colonel Eileen Collins, USAF (Ret.) to be Honored with 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 2310:

run by Corning Community College—is named in her honor, as is the main entrance boulevard to

2219:

As well as USAF Command Pilot (Astronaut) wings, Collins' awards and decorations include the

1935:

back. Some 1,100 cubic feet (31 m) of supplies would be transferred to the ISS from the

1829: 1503: 1207: 1071: 1047: 1023: 874: 866: 830: 728: 678: 671: 521: 434: 406: 45: 6461: 2821:"NASA astronaut Eileen Collins to deliver Syracuse University/ESF 2001 Commencement address" 1259:. They would be the only other women to pilot the Space Shuttle in its thirty-year history. 8227: 8150: 8119: 7984: 7824: 7784: 7515: 7217: 6925: 6899: 6818: 6390: 6143: 5605: 5287: 3111: 2439: 1700: 1657: 1226: 1218: 1211: 1166: 1143: 953: 862: 755: 386: 7495: 3070: 1737: 1398:

landed back at KSC on 11 February 1995, after 8 days, 6 hours and 28 minutes in flight.

8: 8099: 8084: 7999: 7989: 7949: 7794: 7654: 7434: 7408: 6747: 6721: 6640: 6635: 6560: 6491: 6481: 6471: 6380: 6304: 6032: 5957: 5900: 5737: 5677: 5667: 5550: 5545: 5200: 5175: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5086: 4878: 4803:"Space shuttle retirement prompts space veterans with Syracuse ties to ask, What's next?" 2307: 2172:

After her retirement from the USAF and NASA, Collins served on the Board of Directors of

2042: 1940: 1599: 1565: 1177: 1158: 1055: 992: 988: 937: 774: 739: 628: 616: 604: 450: 446: 422: 370: 108: 99: 742:

when she graduated from flight school at Vance Air Force Base in Oklahoma in August 1979

578:. As a child, Collins was shy and needed speech therapy for her stutter. She joined the 8206: 8079: 7884: 7869: 7659: 7544: 7393: 7344: 7319: 7248: 7192: 7146: 7085: 7070: 6986: 6486: 6436: 6421: 6314: 6284: 6213: 6183: 6168: 6163: 6087: 6017: 6002: 5952: 5932: 5800: 5758: 5195: 5129: 4852:"Pixar president, astronaut Eileen Collins, more to receive Syracuse University awards" 4059: 2617: 2588: 2392:"Biographical Data: Eileen Marie Collins (Colonel, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (Former), USAF" 2240: 2192: 2011: 1355:, followed by a flyaround. This was delayed by problems with three of the orbiter's 44 1332: 1195: 1104: 1000: 799: 670:, eventually flying solo, but did not have time to complete all the requirements for a 590: 584: 454: 156: 117: 6516: 1330:

and aircraft and spacecraft museums in the Moscow area, and sat in the cockpit of the

8034: 7834: 7749: 7490: 7454: 7424: 7263: 7075: 6854: 6783: 6767: 6726: 6711: 6681: 6595: 6355: 6339: 6148: 6133: 5916: 5600: 5595: 5033: 5023: 4999: 4980: 4970: 4951: 4941: 4856: 4732: 4540: 2880: 2842: 2731: 2490: 2358: 2348: 2318: 2267: 2260: 1731: 1327: 1322:

In preparation for the mission, Collins flew over 500 approaches and landings in the

1277: 1011:, thereby giving himself the flexibility to follow Collins as her career progressed. 984: 902: 703: 659: 544:, on 19 November 1956. Her parents were James Edward Collins and his wife Rose Marie 121: 112: 94: 4701: 1564:. The rest of the mission was taken up conducting experiments. Collins photographed 1450:

mission. Collins had glimpsed her during the STS-63 mission. The mission commander,

1351:. The mission plan called for an approach to no less than 10 meters (11 yd) of 829:, but women were still not permitted to fly combat aircraft, so she was assigned to 8194: 8104: 8064: 8054: 8029: 7904: 7889: 7864: 7844: 7809: 7764: 7734: 7704: 7694: 7674: 7329: 7212: 7197: 7105: 7095: 7055: 6991: 6971: 6808: 6752: 6696: 6615: 6565: 6451: 6375: 6233: 6102: 6052: 5987: 5982: 5947: 5895: 5826: 5615: 5535: 5220: 5165: 5134: 5119: 3727: 3597: 3071:"Chandra Press Room :: CXC Biographies :: Eileen Collins (Colonel, USAF)" 2646: 2264: 2236: 1916: 1572:

returned to KSC on 24 May after a flight lasting 9 days, 23 hours and 20 minutes.

1550: 1451: 1436: 1284: 1124: 957: 691: 541: 473: 402: 374: 103: 78: 4757: 8182: 7849: 7679: 7594: 7525: 7398: 7383: 7334: 7324: 7177: 7151: 7090: 6955: 6915: 6874: 6869: 6793: 6788: 6676: 6650: 6585: 6521: 6496: 6466: 6400: 6360: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6198: 6173: 6047: 6022: 5942: 5742: 5721: 5716: 5570: 5530: 5205: 5180: 4055:"Loss of the Shuttle: The Next Crew; A Shuttle Leader is Ready 'to Go Fly Again'" 2781:"This Day In Aviation History Graduation of The First 10 Female Air Force Pilots" 2315: 2220: 2188: 1981: 1775:

were at KSC to watch the launch. Observers also included Hillary Clinton and the

1375: 1162: 1112: 1008: 886: 763: 612: 140: 5091: 2123:. This was necessary so the astronauts aboard the ISS could take photographs of 1759:

The launch day of 20 July 1999, coincided with the thirtieth anniversary of the

908: 627:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976. She then entered 8094: 7969: 7964: 7954: 7924: 7914: 7769: 7739: 7649: 7634: 7629: 7609: 7604: 7505: 7500: 7464: 7339: 7258: 7243: 7202: 7126: 7080: 6889: 6838: 6813: 6706: 6686: 6590: 6446: 6441: 6395: 6279: 6264: 6254: 6238: 6223: 6218: 6203: 6193: 6188: 6092: 6077: 6072: 5997: 5992: 5890: 5620: 5580: 5575: 5225: 5215: 5051: 2458: 2146:

back into position back on the ground, and the pain took two weeks to subside.

1976: 1924: 1764: 1649: 1615: 1428: 1120: 1075: 1035: 996: 976: 941: 913: 894: 870: 759: 426: 200: 4938:

Wheels Stop: The Tragedies and Triumphs of the Space Shuttle Program 1986-2011

4477: 4381:"NASA Administrator Bridenstine? His name's in the mix for Trump's space team" 3872: 2444: 2362: 1707:

shortest scheduled mission since 1990. Two of the five pairs of tanks holding

1602:

informed her that she was to be assigned to the mission, which was designated

1394:

dispensing machine. Astronauts rated control samples before and after flight.

8216: 8124: 8114: 8109: 8069: 8024: 8019: 8009: 7994: 7959: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7909: 7854: 7804: 7799: 7789: 7729: 7709: 7624: 7619: 7480: 7449: 7403: 7299: 7268: 7238: 7222: 7187: 7182: 7156: 7100: 7016: 7011: 6945: 6935: 6894: 6879: 6864: 6859: 6833: 6701: 6511: 6506: 6476: 6405: 6370: 6334: 6228: 6208: 6128: 6062: 5972: 5763: 5641: 5636: 5560: 5555: 5303: 5003: 4984: 4955: 3256: 3254: 2881:

Flight Screening Program Effects on Attrition in Undergraduate Pilot Training

2494: 2314:. One of her graduate school alma maters, Webster University, awarded her an 2271: 1854: 1661: 1653: 1637: 1595: 1499: 1498:

s systems and had dinner at the home of Kondakova and her husband, cosmonaut

1424: 1256: 1252: 1147: 1132: 1027: 687: 359: 5037: 1303:. This was the first time a Space Shuttle made an approach and flyaround of 566:

during World War II. After the war he managed the family bar, then became a

8089: 8074: 8059: 8014: 7879: 7759: 7669: 7664: 7644: 7639: 7599: 7510: 7485: 7429: 7304: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7161: 7141: 7136: 7065: 7001: 6996: 6981: 6976: 6671: 6645: 6630: 6605: 6580: 6426: 6259: 6158: 6082: 6037: 5846: 5841: 5831: 5784: 5779: 5662: 5590: 5565: 5540: 5494: 5235: 5230: 3520: 2196: 1932: 1928: 1889: 1641: 1626: 971:, where she was an assistant professor in mathematics, teaching courses on 898: 842: 720: 620: 571: 570:. Her parents separated when she was young, and her mother took a job as a 555: 3392: 3251: 2154: 8049: 8044: 8039: 7979: 7874: 7859: 7829: 7724: 7689: 7589: 7459: 7131: 6930: 6920: 6757: 6691: 6625: 6319: 6118: 6007: 5977: 5585: 5525: 5210: 5190: 5170: 4527:. National Space Symposium. Archived from the original on 3 February 2009 4050: 2281:

Collins was inducted into the National Women's Hall Of Fame in 1995, the

2165:

Collins retired from the U.S. Air Force in January 2005 with the rank of

1968: 1768: 1554: 1379: 1186: 1136: 1128: 890: 778: 734: 563: 551: 4996:

USAF Test Pilot School 50th anniversary (1944-1994): 50 Years and Beyond

1871: 1817:

as well, and the whole Space Shuttle fleet was grounded until December.

1319:

for a year. He became the second cosmonaut to fly on the Space Shuttle.

8363:

United States Air Force personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

8004: 7929: 7894: 7839: 7814: 7314: 7309: 7121: 6823: 6610: 6456: 6431: 6123: 6042: 5836: 5805: 5672: 2727:"When Women Earned Their Wings: the USAF's First Crop of Female Pilots" 2466: 2450: 1987: 1607: 1591: 1378:

and the SPARTAN-204 astronomy satellite. Collins had never experienced

1337: 1051: 834: 791: 663: 410: 398: 355: 4235:"Veteran leaders: A peek at the USAA board of directors' compensation" 3494: 3492: 2191:, on 20 July 2016, leading to speculation that she might be appointed 1153: 1095:

Attending a survival training course at Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma

723:, but was cleared to fly. Training flights were conducted from nearby 582:. She expressed an early interest in becoming a pilot, subscribing to 453:

in 1986, and a Master of Arts degree in space systems management from

8155: 7774: 7614: 7444: 6828: 6575: 6012: 4384: 3182: 1972: 1897: 1760: 1716: 1543: 1391: 1383: 1308: 1108: 1031: 810: 520:(ISS). During this mission she became the first astronaut to fly the 343: 4906:. National Aeronautic Association. 15 September 2022. Archived from 2945:"First female Space Shuttle commander left powerful legacy at Vance" 2037: 1734:, rendering a landing after an emergency abort extremely hazardous. 1695:). This pushed the launch date back to April and then to July, when 496:

in 1997. She became the first woman to command a US spacecraft with

457:

in 1989. That year, she became the second woman pilot to attend the

7439: 6884: 4287:"House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, 114th Congress" 3489: 2070: 1720: 1708: 1688: 972: 968: 588:

and reading books about World War II-era military aviators such as

567: 442: 390: 369:, where she earned an associate degree in mathematics in 1976, and 5279: 4103: 4101: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3617: 3615: 3479: 3477: 2294: 2007: 1901: 1893: 1876: 1866: 1203: 1170: 945: 751: 559: 505: 430: 351: 256: 4584:"Eileen Collins To Receive 2022 Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 4261:"NASA - Space Operations Committee of the NASA Advisory Council" 4185:"NASA Astronaut Eileen Collins Completes Career of Space Firsts" 2720: 2718: 2108:

the largest ever recorded. This was the problem that had doomed

284: 3172: 3170: 3090: 3088: 3035: 3033: 2923: 2921: 2883:(Report). Brooks Air Force Base, Texas: United States Air Force 2862: 2860: 2800: 2798: 2763: 2761: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2062: 1752: 1712: 1603: 1581: 1557: 1474: 1416: 1410: 1244: 1238: 960:

training, she was upgraded to aircraft commander in June 1984.

882: 850: 497: 493: 469: 279: 274: 269: 252: 248: 244: 4998:. Edwards Air Force Base, California: USAF Test Pilot School. 4431:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement" 4164: 4098: 4086: 4074: 4007: 3995: 3950: 3911: 3899: 3887: 3850: 3754: 3742: 3703: 3627: 3612: 3547: 3535: 3474: 3431: 3419: 3407: 3368: 3299: 3194: 3050: 3048: 2693:"Catching Up With A&S Alumna and Astronaut Eileen Collins" 1217:

After nine months in this assignment, Collins was sent to the

623:, but her father was adamantly opposed. Instead, she attended 3669: 3667: 2715: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2289:

on 19 April 2013, and the Texas Aviation Hall Of Fame at the

2077:

revealed problems; these were rectified by taking parts from

1927:

were assigned as mission specialists. The mission would take

1243:

Collins first flew the Space Shuttle as pilot in 1995 aboard

1063: 711: 702:

Upon graduation from Syracuse, Collins was commissioned as a

645:

Six weeks after graduating from Corning, Collins reported to

8323:

Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)

3167: 3129: 3085: 3030: 3018: 2983: 2971: 2959: 2918: 2857: 2795: 2758: 2746: 2673: 2661: 2425: 1415:

In August 1995, Collins was assigned to her second mission,

4676:"Three Space Shuttle Astronauts Inducted into Hall of Fame" 3045: 2462: 2398: 2259:

in 2001, the Free Spirit Award, National Space Trophy, and

2173: 2135:

and removed the two most prominent protruding gap fillers.

2048:

of the International Space Station while the Space Shuttle

1990:, who had commanded the return to flight mission after the 1920: 1645: 1590:(AXAF) and indicated to the Chief of the Astronaut Office, 1387: 1004: 963:

From August 1986 to June 1989, Collins was assigned to the

858: 773:

The second phase of instruction began in March 1979 in the

464:

In 1990, Collins was selected to be a pilot astronaut with

340: 4137: 4125: 4113: 4031: 3838: 3826: 3814: 3802: 3691: 3679: 3664: 3356: 3344: 3287: 3206: 2508: 2443: 2413: 2030:

was assembled. Asked if she felt afraid after the loss of

1454:, spoke Russian fluently. The crew also included a French 603:

Collins attended St. Patrick's School in Elmira up to the

4879:"First woman to pilot NASA space shuttle honoured by UCD" 4154: 4152: 3004:"Women's History Month honors unforgettable servicewomen" 2180: 1455: 1299: 488: 7574: 2563: 1427:

behind for a four-month stay, and return with astronaut

8338:

Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences alumni

4754:"300 women who have changed the world - Eileen Collins" 4456:"Eileen Collins Receives Free Spirit of the Year Award" 2878: 2525: 1832:

with her call sign KD5EDS. On 27 July, Collins brought

1469:

In front of the overhead flight deck windows where the

813:. To achieve this goal, she aimed to graduate from the 746:

For her UPT, Collins requested that she be assigned to

468:. She flew the Space Shuttle as the pilot of the 1995 4993: 4725:"Texas Aviation Hall of Fame announces 2020 inductees" 4149: 4019: 3188: 1950:

Problems discovered with the propellant feed lines on

1896:

mission. In turn, Collins handed over the position to

1568:, the brightest comet seen in the sky for many years. 677:

In January 1978, Collins received orders to report to

8166: 4480:. Rotary National Award for Space Achievement (RNASA) 4214:. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Air Force Space Command 3320:"Second Group of Astronaut Hopefuls to Arrive at JSC" 550:

O'Hara. Her father's ancestors came to America from

4940:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. 4293:. Washington, D.C. 25 February 2016. pp. 34–35 3722:McCarter, Jennifer; Hawley, Eileen (5 March 1998). 2449: 4183:Trinidad, Katherine; Peterson, Doug (1 May 2006). 3150:"Woman Faced Tough Odds in Botched Pilot Training" 2297:, Texas, on 6 May 2020. She was recognized by the 1443:between October 1994 to March 1995 as part of the 362:and the first to command a Space Shuttle mission. 8368:United States Air Force personnel of the Iraq War 8358:United States Air Force personnel of the Gulf War 1699:was scheduled for fifteen months' maintenance in 1524:, of which 1,000 pounds (450 kg) was water. 1225:, Hoot Gibson, returned her to JSC for duty as a 932:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the 662:with an instructor. She took flying lessons in a 417:in October 1983, her aircraft flew troops of the 8318:Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal 8214: 4208:"Trailblazing astronaut is really down to earth" 4182: 2845:. Onondaga Historical Association. 18 March 2015 2701:Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences 2481:"Col. Eileen Collins's 2016 Hall of Fame Speech" 2303:as one of 300 women who have changed the world. 1783:. The launch countdown proceeded smoothly until 1307:, although it did not dock. The crew included a 1210:systems, with particular responsibility for the 1176:Collins's selection as one of the twenty-three 4633:. National Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from 2815: 2813: 1911:with the ISS to transfer crewmen and supplies. 516:, to test safety improvements and resupply the 500:, which launched in July 1999 and deployed the 8373:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees 5088:NASA Astronaut Group 13, "The Hairballs", 1990 3724:"Collins Named First Female Shuttle Commander" 3721: 3596:Campion, Ed; Hawley, Eileen (22 August 1996). 3389:"Astronaut hopefuls don't mind being 'Chumps'" 2343:Collins, Eileen M.; Ward, Jonathan H. (2021). 706:in the USAF. She received orders to report to 508:, NASA's "return to flight" mission after the 397:, she stayed on at Vance for three years as a 381:program. She was one of four women chosen for 7560: 5480: 5445:List of United States Marine Corps astronauts 5265: 5072: 4359:"Here is Wednesday's RNC Convention Schedule" 3867: 3865: 3595: 3325:(Press release). NASA. 89-051. Archived from 3268:(Press release). NASA. 89-046. Archived from 3232:(Press release). NASA. 89-021. Archived from 3105: 3103: 2255:. She received the Golden Plate Award of the 2211:Collins speaks after being inducted into the 401:instructor pilot before transitioning to the 5450:List of United States Space Force astronauts 4964: 4581: 3726:(Press release). NASA. 98-37. Archived from 3591: 3589: 3263:"Astronaut Class of 1990 Selection Underway" 3054: 2810: 1382:, but felt nauseous. This was remedied by a 4170: 4107: 4092: 4080: 4013: 4001: 3956: 3917: 3905: 3893: 3856: 3844: 3832: 3820: 3808: 3765: 3748: 3709: 3697: 3685: 3673: 3633: 3621: 3553: 3541: 3498: 3483: 3437: 3425: 3413: 3374: 3362: 3350: 3305: 3293: 3227:"Deadline Set For Next Astronaut Selection" 3212: 3200: 3176: 3135: 3094: 3039: 3024: 2989: 2977: 2965: 2927: 2866: 2804: 2767: 2752: 2679: 2667: 2569: 2531: 2519: 2419: 2342: 1763:Moon landing mission, so former astronauts 979:, and a T-41 instructor pilot. Through the 445:. She earned a Master of Science degree in 358:, Collins was the first woman to pilot the 7567: 7553: 5487: 5473: 5272: 5258: 5079: 5065: 4722: 4500:"Women in Space Science Award Celebration" 4232: 3971: 3969: 3967: 3965: 3862: 3598:"Cosmonaut Kondakova Named to STS-84 Crew" 3100: 3065: 3063: 2445:"1990 Astronaut Candidates Selected" 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2263:Women in Space Science Award in 2006, the 1777:United States women's national soccer team 44: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3774: 3644: 3642: 3586: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 2081:. Since it would take a month to inspect 1086: 554:in Ireland in the mid-1800s, settling in 8308:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees 8293:Military personnel from New York (state) 5022:. Chicago, Illinois: Heinemann Library. 4825:"Honorary Degrees at Webster University" 4563:. Veterans of Foreign Wars. 2 March 2022 4233:Mosbrucker, Kristen (11 November 2016). 3386: 2938: 2936: 2904:"OTS salutes heritage with T-41 display" 2639: 2206: 2153: 2073:. An inspection of the RSB actuators on 2036: 2006:, where the SSMEs were refurbished, the 1915:was assigned as the mission's pilot and 1870: 1853:on 7 January 2000, and appeared on the 1736: 1676:The STS-93 mission was not routine. The 1620: 1464: 1340:attended the launch on 3 February 1995. 1261: 1190:Land survival training was conducted at 1152: 1090: 907: 809:, Collins set her sights on becoming an 787:Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape 733: 633:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps 379:Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps 29:American astronaut and pilot (born 1956) 8378:U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni 8343:United States Air Force Academy faculty 5435:List of astronauts by year of selection 4935: 4849: 4800: 4673: 4356: 4158: 4143: 4131: 4119: 4049: 4037: 4025: 3962: 3387:Pearlman, Robert Z. (10 October 2009). 3147: 3060: 3001: 2902:Wright, Kimberly L. (29 October 2010). 2724: 2377: 14: 8215: 4965:Shayler, David; Moule, Ian A. (2006). 4723:Leinfelder, Andrea (10 January 2020). 4704:. Lone Star Flight Museum. 2 July 2020 4631:"Home – National Women's Hall of Fame" 4478:"2006 National Space Trophy Recipient" 4316:. Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex 3929: 3771: 3639: 3443: 3112:"Eileen Collins on what's ailing NASA" 2942: 2901: 2610: 2312:Syracuse Hancock International Airport 827:Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II 7548: 7365: 7037: 6542: 5867: 5698: 5507: 5468: 5253: 5060: 4378: 4311: 4205: 3565: 3109: 2933: 2642:"Astronaut visits Holy Family School" 2581: 1907:The STS-114 mission involved docking 1101:National Air and Space Administration 1060:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon 686:revealed that although she had 20/20 684:Hancock Field Air National Guard Base 545: 339:(born 19 November 1956) is a retired 178:NASA Exceptional Public Service Medal 8393:Women in the United States Air Force 8146:Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex 7576:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 4967:Women in Space – Following Valentina 4582:O'Connor, Kate (15 September 2022). 4561:"VFW Recognizes Col. Eileen Collins" 3317: 3260: 3224: 2438: 2287:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 2213:United States Astronaut Hall of Fame 2202: 1618:of the White House on 5 March 1998. 1588:Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility 1473:Space Station is visible during the 1040:de Havilland Canada UV-18 Twin Otter 631:, which she chose because it had an 3979:. NASA. 4 July 2013. Archived from 3318:Carr, Jeffrey (28 September 1989). 3002:Carroll, Jennifer (14 March 2007). 2725:Johnson, Kimberly (29 March 2022). 2611:Caidin, Martin (12 February 1961). 2270:Public Outreach Award in 2007, the 2185:2016 Republican National Convention 2160:2016 Republican National Convention 1668:in 1978, and had helped deploy the 1343:A series of thruster burns brought 1081: 885:. She also flew the "coral run" to 697: 24: 8348:United States Air Force astronauts 5104:← NASA Astronaut Group 13 → 5011: 4850:Herbert, Geoff (18 October 2021). 3261:Carr, Jeffrey (8 September 1989). 2943:Fisher, Cassidy (31 August 2021). 2115:The STS-114 mission continued, as 1660:(IUS) that would deploy the AXAF. 649:for her basic training. Women had 354:. A former flight instructor and 25: 8409: 8268:American women flight instructors 5647:Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias 5045: 4611:. National Aeronautic Association 4609:"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy" 3930:Garcia, Mark (11 February 2005). 3148:Richter, Paul (17 January 1998). 2245:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal 2229:Defense Meritorious Service Medal 1900:when she was assigned to command 1431:at the conclusion of his stay on 999:in space systems management from 981:Air Force Institute of Technology 540:Eileen Marie Collins was born in 325:United States invasion of Grenada 168:NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal 146:Defense Meritorious Service Medal 8353:United States Air Force colonels 8328:Space Shuttle program astronauts 8278:Corning Community College alumni 8243:American people of Irish descent 8200: 8188: 8176: 5090: 4893: 4871: 4843: 4817: 4794: 4772: 4746: 4716: 4694: 4667: 4655:. National Aviation Hall of Fame 4649:"Enshrinee Eileen Marie Collins" 4641: 4623: 4601: 4575: 4553: 4517: 4492: 4470: 4448: 4423: 4398: 4379:Foust, Jeff (11 November 2016). 4372: 4350: 4328: 4305: 4279: 4253: 4226: 4199: 3568:"In Step With... Eileen Collins" 3510: 2582:Adams, Frank S. (25 July 1943). 2306:An astronomical observatory—the 1826:Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment 1068:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II 950:Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal 823:McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II 283: 278: 273: 268: 163:NASA Distinguished Service Medal 8288:Knights of the Legion of Honour 6717:Harriet Williams Russell Strong 4994:USAF Test Pilot School (1994). 4435:American Academy of Achievement 4357:Pavlich, Katie (20 July 2016). 4176: 4043: 3923: 3715: 3559: 3504: 3380: 3311: 3225:Carr, Jeffrey (17 April 1989). 3218: 3141: 3073:. Harvard University. July 1999 2995: 2895: 2872: 2835: 2773: 2685: 2633: 2604: 2336: 2331:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 2276:Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy 2257:American Academy of Achievement 1879:crew on their way to launch pad 1828:(SAREX) to talk to children on 1419:. This mission would dock with 1266:At the pilot's station onboard 965:United States Air Force Academy 668:Elmira Corning Regional Airport 373:, where she graduated with a 8273:Aviators from New York (state) 6396:Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose 4674:Granath, Bob (20 April 2013). 4241:. San Antonio Business Journal 3566:Brady, James (12 March 2006). 2640:Kosmicki, Joe (15 June 2022). 2575: 2537: 2473: 2327:National University of Ireland 2283:National Aviation Hall of Fame 2249:NASA Exceptional Service Medal 2243:with an oak leaf cluster, the 1937:Multi-Purpose Logistics Module 1846:The Tonight Show with Jay Leno 1741:At the commander's station on 1506:, the Russian space agency. 1366:As well as rendezvousing with 1297:and the Russian space station 1283:The STS-63 mission involved a 1078:. She graduated in June 1990. 694:in mathematics and economics. 492:. She was also the pilot for 486:and the Russian space station 173:NASA Exceptional Service Medal 13: 1: 7366: 7038: 6543: 5868: 5699: 5508: 5497:National Women's Hall of Fame 5440:Astronaut ranks and positions 4929: 4801:Mariani, John (8 July 2011). 4312:White, Glen (20 April 2013). 4187:(Press release). NASA. 06-208 3600:(Press release). NASA. 96-171 2149: 1849:on 16 August. She opened the 1223:Chief of the Astronaut Office 1198:, water survival training at 535: 532:, and from NASA in May 2006. 461:, graduating with class 89B. 8313:People from Elmira, New York 6743:Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis 3873:"Eileen Collins – Recipient" 3570:. parade.com. Archived from 2241:Air Force Commendation Medal 1535:and the overhead windows on 1481:The STS-84 mission used the 1439:, who had spent 169 days on 930:American invasion of Grenada 717:Undergraduate Pilot Training 576:Elmira Correctional Facility 415:American invasion of Grenada 383:Undergraduate Pilot Training 157:Air Force Commendation Medal 7: 8238:American flight instructors 8233:21st-century American women 6926:Martha Coffin Pelham Wright 6330:Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin 4406:"Historical Recipient List" 4336:"2001 Commencement Address" 4206:White, Ed (14 April 2008). 3189:USAF Test Pilot School 1994 3110:Smith, Evan (1 July 2006). 2028:Space Shuttle external tank 1886:International Space Station 1781:1999 FIFA Women's World Cup 1779:, who had recently won the 1553:produced a small bottle of 1313:Vladimir Georgiyevich Titov 1200:Naval Air Station Pensacola 651:different fitness standards 647:Rickenbacker Air Force Base 518:International Space Station 10: 8414: 8333:Stanford University alumni 6482:Katharine Dexter McCormick 5780:Mary "Mother" Harris Jones 3391:. NBC News. Archived from 2823:. SU News. 12 January 2001 2308:Eileen Collins Observatory 2225:Distinguished Flying Cross 2018:(SRBs) were made, and the 1892:, who left to command the 1864: 1860: 1838:Distinguished Flying Cross 1792:Space Shuttle main engines 1579: 1408: 1236: 1044:Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker 472:mission, which involved a 136:Distinguished Flying Cross 8383:Webster University alumni 8258:American women astronauts 8138: 7582: 7473: 7417: 7376: 7372: 7361: 7292: 7231: 7170: 7114: 7048: 7044: 7033: 6964: 6908: 6847: 6776: 6735: 6659: 6553: 6549: 6538: 6414: 6348: 6340:Hannah Greenebaum Solomon 6247: 6111: 5925: 5909: 5878: 5874: 5863: 5819: 5793: 5772: 5751: 5730: 5709: 5705: 5694: 5655: 5629: 5518: 5514: 5503: 5427: 5296: 5249: 5158: 5112: 5099: 4545:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 4505:. Alder Planetarium. 2012 2452:JSC News Release Log 1990 2323:University College Dublin 2233:Meritorious Service Medal 2121:360-degree pitch maneuver 2100:Vehicle Assembly Building 2092:for the STS-114 mission. 2059:booster separation motors 2020:Michoud Assembly Facility 1719:were removed, as was the 1693:Chandra X-ray Observatory 1575: 1404: 1324:Shuttle Training Aircraft 1232: 839:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter 625:Corning Community College 526:360-degree pitch maneuver 502:Chandra X-Ray Observatory 367:Corning Community College 330: 320: 312: 307: 303: 299: 291: 262: 240: 230: 220: 206: 199: 192: 151:Meritorious Service Medal 128: 91:Corning Community College 86: 55: 43: 36: 8303:NASA civilian astronauts 8253:American women academics 6571:Marjory Stoneman Douglas 6381:Wilhelmina Cole Holladay 6154:Charlotte Perkins Gilman 5018:Raum, Elizabeth (2006). 4782:. Salem State University 3501:, pp. 176, 180–181. 3055:Shayler & Moule 2006 2370: 2253:NASA Space Flight Medals 1751:on the first day of the 1192:Fairchild Air Force Base 879:Elmendorf Air Force Base 819:Convair F-106 Delta Dart 656:Fairchild C-123 Provider 504:. In 2005 she commanded 437:instructor pilot at the 8398:Women military aviators 8263:American women aviators 7745:Frank L. Culbertson Jr. 7061:Dorothy Harrison Eustis 6951:Catherine Filene Shouse 6804:Patricia Roberts Harris 6442:Mary Steichen Calderone 6310:Lillian Moller Gilbreth 6179:Frances Wisebart Jacobs 5983:Martha Wright Griffiths 5106:NASA Astronaut Group 14 5102:NASA Astronaut Group 12 4171:Collins & Ward 2021 4108:Collins & Ward 2021 4093:Collins & Ward 2021 4081:Collins & Ward 2021 4014:Collins & Ward 2021 4002:Collins & Ward 2021 3957:Collins & Ward 2021 3918:Collins & Ward 2021 3906:Collins & Ward 2021 3894:Collins & Ward 2021 3857:Collins & Ward 2021 3845:Collins & Ward 2021 3833:Collins & Ward 2021 3821:Collins & Ward 2021 3809:Collins & Ward 2021 3766:Collins & Ward 2021 3749:Collins & Ward 2021 3710:Collins & Ward 2021 3698:Collins & Ward 2021 3686:Collins & Ward 2021 3674:Collins & Ward 2021 3634:Collins & Ward 2021 3622:Collins & Ward 2021 3554:Collins & Ward 2021 3542:Collins & Ward 2021 3499:Collins & Ward 2021 3484:Collins & Ward 2021 3438:Collins & Ward 2021 3426:Collins & Ward 2021 3414:Collins & Ward 2021 3375:Collins & Ward 2021 3363:Collins & Ward 2021 3351:Collins & Ward 2021 3306:Collins & Ward 2021 3294:Collins & Ward 2021 3213:Collins & Ward 2021 3201:Collins & Ward 2021 3177:Collins & Ward 2021 3136:Collins & Ward 2021 3095:Collins & Ward 2021 3040:Collins & Ward 2021 3025:Collins & Ward 2021 2990:Collins & Ward 2021 2978:Collins & Ward 2021 2966:Collins & Ward 2021 2928:Collins & Ward 2021 2867:Collins & Ward 2021 2805:Collins & Ward 2021 2768:Collins & Ward 2021 2753:Collins & Ward 2021 2680:Collins & Ward 2021 2668:Collins & Ward 2021 2613:"Lady Luck Is Co-Pilot" 2570:Collins & Ward 2021 2545:"Girl Scout Astronauts" 2532:Collins & Ward 2021 2520:Collins & Ward 2021 2420:Collins & Ward 2021 2300:Encyclopædia Britannica 2291:Lone Star Flight Museum 2004:Canoga Park, California 1851:New York Stock Exchange 1502:, now the president of 1386:shot, but she only ate 1357:Reaction Control System 1249:NASA Astronaut Group 15 1182:NASA Astronaut Group 13 920:on graduation from the 855:Anderson Air Force Base 796:Randolph Air Force Base 768:mass–energy equivalence 748:Williams Air Force Base 725:Hondo Municipal Airport 708:Lackland Air Force Base 640:United States Air Force 466:NASA Astronaut Group 13 348:United States Air Force 183:NASA Space Flight Medal 7007:Rebecca Talbot Perkins 6502:Eunice Kennedy Shriver 6366:Frances Xavier Cabrini 6280:Elizabeth Hanford Dole 6058:Ellen Swallow Richards 6028:Constance Baker Motley 5678:Elizabeth Bayley Seton 5611:Elizabeth Cady Stanton 4969:. New York: Springer. 4936:Houston, Rick (2013). 4827:. 2020. Archived from 4678:. NASA. Archived from 4338:. SU News. 13 May 2001 3934:. NASA. Archived from 3513:"The Mercury 13 Story" 3006:. Vance Air Force Base 2947:. Vance Air Force Base 2547:. NASA. Archived from 2216: 2162: 2053: 2024:New Orleans, Louisiana 2000:Rockwell International 1880: 1830:amateur radio stations 1756: 1670:Hubble Space Telescope 1666:NASA Astronaut Group 8 1634: 1631:Hillary Rodham Clinton 1612:Hillary Rodham Clinton 1478: 1280: 1173: 1111:, which also included 1099:On 17 April 1989, the 1096: 1087:Selection and training 1016:Edwards Air Force Base 934:82nd Airborne Division 925: 922:USAF Test Pilot School 918:Edwards Air Force Base 847:Hickham Air Force Base 815:USAF Test Pilot School 743: 609:Notre Dame High School 459:USAF Test Pilot School 439:U.S. Air Force Academy 419:82nd Airborne Division 8388:Women in the Iraq War 8283:Harmon Trophy winners 7920:Michael López-Alegría 7820:Richard F. Gordon Jr. 7521:Anna Wessels Williams 7208:Carlotta Walls LaNier 6941:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross 6799:Martha Matilda Harper 6763:Mary Engle Pennington 6601:Frances Oldham Kelsey 6386:Anne Morrow Lindbergh 6139:Jane Cunningham Croly 6068:Katherine Siva Saubel 5963:Marian Wright Edelman 5886:Margaret Bourke-White 5811:Harriet Beecher Stowe 5283:NASA Astronaut Groups 5186:Bernard A. Harris Jr. 4780:"Collins Observatory" 4458:. NASA. 22 March 2006 2584:"A Fighting Georgian" 2465:. 90-006 – via 2210: 2157: 2040: 2016:solid rocket boosters 1931:to the ISS and bring 1874: 1740: 1624: 1531:through portholes on 1468: 1460:Jean-François Clervoy 1265: 1212:auxiliary power units 1156: 1094: 1072:Vought A-7 Corsair II 1048:Cessna A-37 Dragonfly 911: 875:Yokota Air Force Base 867:Kadena Air Force Base 831:Travis Air Force Base 737: 729:Cessna T-41 Mescalero 679:Offutt Air Force Base 672:private pilot license 522:Space Shuttle orbiter 407:Travis Air Force Base 313:Years of service 8248:American test pilots 8151:NASA Astronaut Corps 7825:Frederick D. Gregory 7785:Christopher Ferguson 7218:Mary Harriman Rumsey 7056:St. Katharine Drexel 6900:Mary Burnett Talbert 6895:Blanche Stuart Scott 6880:Mother Marianne Cope 6860:Ruth Fulton Benedict 6819:Mildred Robbins Leet 6517:Angelina Grimké Weld 6391:Maria Goeppert Mayer 6361:Charlotte Anne Bunch 5938:Antoinette Blackwell 5917:Gertrude Belle Elion 5847:Ida B. Wells-Barnett 5616:Helen Brooke Taussig 5606:Margaret Chase Smith 5288:NASA Astronaut Corps 4653:nationalaviation.org 2347:. New York: Arcade. 2088:was substituted for 1701:Palmdale, California 1658:inertial upper stage 1542:s flight deck. The 1227:capsule communicator 1219:Kennedy Space Center 1178:astronaut candidates 1167:Johnson Space Center 1144:Johnson Space Center 954:Altus Air Force Base 863:Clark Air Force Base 756:Vance Air Force Base 393:. After earning her 387:Vance Air Force Base 337:Eileen Marie Collins 235:NASA Group 13 (1990) 60:Eileen Marie Collins 8100:Kathryn C. Thornton 8085:Kathryn D. Sullivan 8000:Charles J. Precourt 7990:Scott E. Parazynski 7950:Bruce McCandless II 7795:C. Gordon Fullerton 7700:Franklin Chang-Díaz 7655:Daniel Brandenstein 7435:Rebecca S. Halstead 7409:Mary Church Terrell 7096:Barbara A. Mikulski 6824:Patsy Takemoto Mink 6809:Stephanie L. Kwolek 6748:Ruth Bader Ginsburg 6722:Emily Howell Warner 6667:Dorothy H. Andersen 6641:Annie Dodge Wauneka 6636:Mary Edwards Walker 6561:Faye Glenn Abdellah 6492:Edith Nourse Rogers 6472:Shirley Ann Jackson 6447:Mary Ann Shadd Cary 6325:Sandra Day O'Connor 6305:Matilda Joslyn Gage 5901:Florence B. Seibert 5738:Carrie Chapman Catt 5668:Juliette Gordon Low 5551:Elizabeth Blackwell 5546:Mary McLeod Bethune 5201:William S. McArthur 5176:Michael R. Clifford 5159:Mission specialists 5150:Terrence W. Wilcutt 5145:Richard A. Searfoss 5140:Charles J. Precourt 4682:on 19 February 2016 4239:www.bizjournals.com 4173:, pp. 276–279. 4146:, pp. 252–253. 4134:, pp. 249–250. 4122:, pp. 250–251. 4110:, pp. 268–270. 4095:, pp. 264–266. 4083:, pp. 260–261. 4053:(7 February 2003). 4040:, pp. 245–246. 4016:, pp. 262–263. 4004:, pp. 258–260. 3959:, pp. 241–231. 3920:, pp. 240–241. 3908:, pp. 238–240. 3896:, pp. 236–237. 3859:, pp. 228–233. 3790:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3768:, pp. 210–214. 3751:, pp. 208–209. 3712:, pp. 205–206. 3652:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3636:, pp. 184–186. 3624:, pp. 181–183. 3556:, pp. 169–171. 3544:, pp. 162–164. 3486:, pp. 150–153. 3462:. NASA. 4 July 2013 3440:, pp. 140–145. 3428:, pp. 137–140. 3416:, pp. 131–133. 3377:, pp. 127–128. 3308:, pp. 124–126. 3203:, pp. 107–114. 2442:(17 January 1990). 1549:mission commander, 1423:, leave astronaut 1315:, who had lived on 1105:mission specialists 1056:Beechcraft King Air 993:Stanford University 989:operations research 938:Pope Air Force Base 781:. She received her 775:Northrop T-38 Talon 629:Syracuse University 617:Elmira Free Academy 524:through a complete 451:Stanford University 447:operations research 423:Pope Air Force Base 371:Syracuse University 109:Stanford University 100:Syracuse University 8080:Thomas P. Stafford 7885:Thomas David Jones 7870:Jeffrey A. Hoffman 7394:Barbara Rose Johns 7345:Flossie Wong-Staal 7320:Nicole Malachowski 7249:Lorraine Hansberry 7193:Marcia Greenberger 7147:Mary Joseph Rogers 7086:Coretta Scott King 7071:Abby Kelley Foster 6987:Susan Kelly-Dreiss 6875:Rita Rossi Colwell 6651:Frances E. Willard 6487:Rozanne L. Ridgway 6437:Lydia Moss Bradley 6422:Madeleine Albright 6315:Nannerl O. Keohane 6285:Anne Dallas Dudley 6214:Betty Bone Schiess 6184:Susette La Flesche 6169:Zora Neale Hurston 6164:Helen LaKelly Hunt 6088:Madam C. J. Walker 6003:Mary Putnam Jacobi 5953:Jacqueline Cochran 5933:Ethel Percy Andrus 5801:Barbara McClintock 5130:William G. Gregory 4637:on 3 October 2002. 4525:"Symposium Awards" 4060:The New York Times 3730:on 28 October 2009 3574:on 17 October 2006 3332:on 11 October 2006 3275:on 11 October 2006 3239:on 11 October 2006 2618:The New York Times 2589:The New York Times 2217: 2193:NASA administrator 2163: 2054: 2012:Brigham City, Utah 1971:to coordinate the 1881: 1840:for this mission. 1757: 1635: 1633:on 29 October 1998 1479: 1281: 1174: 1097: 1001:Webster University 926: 903:Reforger exercises 800:San Antonio, Texas 744: 658:and a flight in a 635:(AFROTC) program. 597:God Is My Co-Pilot 591:Fate Is the Hunter 585:Air Force Magazine 455:Webster University 118:Webster University 8164: 8163: 8035:Rusty Schweickart 7985:Bryan D. O'Connor 7835:John M. Grunsfeld 7750:Walter Cunningham 7542: 7541: 7538: 7537: 7534: 7533: 7496:Kimberlé Crenshaw 7491:Elouise P. Cobell 7455:Katherine Johnson 7425:Octavia E. Butler 7357: 7356: 7353: 7352: 7264:Clare Boothe Luce 7076:Helen Murray Free 7029: 7028: 7025: 7024: 6890:Patricia A. Locke 6855:Florence E. Allen 6839:Sheila E. Widnall 6784:Linda G. Alvarado 6768:Mercy Otis Warren 6727:Victoria Woodhull 6712:Barbara Holdridge 6707:Beatrice A. Hicks 6682:Lydia Maria Child 6596:Leontine T. Kelly 6534: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6356:Louisa May Alcott 6270:Mary Breckinridge 6149:Geraldine Ferraro 6134:Annie Jump Cannon 5859: 5858: 5855: 5854: 5690: 5689: 5686: 5685: 5596:Eleanor Roosevelt 5495:Inductees to the 5462: 5461: 5458: 5457: 5029:978-1-4034-6943-4 4976:978-1-85233-744-5 4913:on 1 October 2022 4857:The Post-Standard 4733:Houston Chronicle 3983:on 15 August 2017 3179:, pp. 96–99. 3154:Los Angeles Times 3138:, pp. 91–92. 3097:, pp. 87–90. 3042:, pp. 78–83. 3027:, pp. 72–77. 2992:, pp. 59–62. 2980:, pp. 52–59. 2968:, pp. 48–52. 2930:, pp. 36–38. 2869:, pp. 34–36. 2807:, pp. 32–33. 2770:, pp. 24–30. 2755:, pp. 24–27. 2682:, pp. 21–24. 2670:, pp. 15–20. 2354:978-1-950994-05-2 2319:Doctor of Science 2274:in 2020, and the 2268:Douglas S. Morrow 2261:Adler Planetarium 2203:Awards and honors 1732:center of gravity 1278:Mir Space Station 985:Master of Science 956:in Oklahoma, and 704:second lieutenant 660:Cessna T-37 Tweet 334: 333: 18:Eileen M. Collins 16:(Redirected from 8405: 8298:Mir crew members 8205: 8204: 8203: 8193: 8192: 8191: 8181: 8180: 8179: 8172: 8105:Richard H. Truly 8065:William Shepherd 8055:Brewster H. Shaw 8030:Harrison Schmitt 7905:Joseph P. Kerwin 7890:Janet L. Kavandi 7865:David C. Hilmers 7845:Henry Hartsfield 7810:Robert L. Gibson 7765:Bonnie J. Dunbar 7735:Richard O. Covey 7705:Kevin P. Chilton 7695:Roger B. Chaffee 7675:Robert D. Cabana 7569: 7562: 7555: 7546: 7545: 7374: 7373: 7363: 7362: 7330:Louise Slaughter 7254:Victoria Jackson 7213:Philippa Marrack 7198:Barbara Iglewski 7106:Kathrine Switzer 7101:Donna E. Shalala 7046: 7045: 7035: 7034: 6992:Allie B. Latimer 6972:Louise Bourgeois 6946:Judith L. Pipher 6753:Katharine Graham 6697:Marian de Forest 6616:Anna Howard Shaw 6566:Emma Smith DeVoe 6551: 6550: 6540: 6539: 6452:Joan Ganz Cooney 6376:Oveta Culp Hobby 6371:Mary A. Hallaren 6234:Sarah Winnemucca 6103:Gloria Yerkovich 6098:Rosalyn S. Yalow 6053:Jeannette Rankin 6033:Georgia O'Keeffe 5988:Fannie Lou Hamer 5948:Shirley Chisholm 5896:Billie Jean King 5876: 5875: 5865: 5864: 5827:Gwendolyn Brooks 5707: 5706: 5696: 5695: 5536:Susan B. Anthony 5516: 5515: 5505: 5504: 5489: 5482: 5475: 5466: 5465: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5251: 5250: 5221:Donald A. Thomas 5166:Daniel W. Bursch 5135:James D. Halsell 5120:Kenneth Cockrell 5094: 5081: 5074: 5067: 5058: 5057: 5052:Official website 5041: 5007: 4988: 4959: 4947:978-08032-3534-2 4923: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4912: 4905: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4875: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4798: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4756:. Archived from 4750: 4744: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4671: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4660: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4627: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4605: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4594: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4544: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4504: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4427: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4410: 4402: 4396: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4309: 4303: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4283: 4277: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4257: 4251: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4230: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4212:www.afspc.af.mil 4203: 4197: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4180: 4174: 4168: 4162: 4156: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4123: 4117: 4111: 4105: 4096: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4047: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4017: 4011: 4005: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3973: 3960: 3954: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3938:on 10 April 2005 3927: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3875:. Military Times 3869: 3860: 3854: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3784: 3769: 3763: 3752: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3701: 3695: 3689: 3683: 3677: 3671: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3646: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3610: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3593: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3539: 3533: 3532: 3530: 3528: 3519:. Archived from 3517:The Ninety-Nines 3508: 3502: 3496: 3487: 3481: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3467: 3456: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3423: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3384: 3378: 3372: 3366: 3360: 3354: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3331: 3324: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3274: 3267: 3258: 3249: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3238: 3231: 3222: 3216: 3210: 3204: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3180: 3174: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3107: 3098: 3092: 3083: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3067: 3058: 3052: 3043: 3037: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3011: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2981: 2975: 2969: 2963: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2940: 2931: 2925: 2916: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2906:. Air University 2899: 2893: 2892: 2890: 2888: 2876: 2870: 2864: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2817: 2808: 2802: 2793: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2756: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2722: 2713: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2697:A&S Magazine 2689: 2683: 2677: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2647:Catholic Courier 2637: 2631: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2608: 2602: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2579: 2573: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2541: 2535: 2529: 2523: 2522:, pp. 8–11. 2517: 2506: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2477: 2471: 2470: 2456: 2447: 2436: 2423: 2422:, pp. 2, 7. 2417: 2411: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2396: 2388: 2366: 2265:Space Foundation 2237:oak leaf cluster 2158:Speaking at the 2129: 2041:Floating in the 1917:Stephen Robinson 1789: 1744: 1729: 1679: 1551:Vasily Tsibliyev 1541: 1497: 1484: 1452:Charles Precourt 1437:Yelena Kondakova 1290: 1285:space rendezvous 1269: 1082:Astronaut career 958:aerial refueling 698:Air Force career 692:Bachelor of Arts 549: 542:Elmira, New York 479: 474:space rendezvous 403:C-141 Starlifter 375:Bachelor of Arts 287: 282: 277: 272: 264:Mission insignia 79:Elmira, New York 75: 74: 71:19 November 1956 70: 68: 48: 34: 33: 21: 8413: 8412: 8408: 8407: 8406: 8404: 8403: 8402: 8213: 8212: 8211: 8201: 8199: 8189: 8187: 8177: 8175: 8167: 8165: 8160: 8134: 7850:Frederick Hauck 7720:Michael Collins 7680:Scott Carpenter 7660:Roy Bridges Jr. 7595:Joseph P. Allen 7578: 7573: 7543: 7530: 7526:Serena Williams 7469: 7413: 7399:Henrietta Lacks 7389:Barbara Hillary 7384:Aretha Franklin 7368: 7349: 7335:Sonia Sotomayor 7288: 7227: 7178:Tenley Albright 7166: 7152:Bernice Sandler 7110: 7091:Lilly Ledbetter 7066:Loretta C. Ford 7040: 7021: 6960: 6956:Henrietta Szold 6916:Eleanor K. Baum 6904: 6870:Hillary Clinton 6843: 6794:Gertrude Ederle 6789:Donna de Varona 6772: 6731: 6677:Rosalynn Carter 6655: 6631:Wilma L. Vaught 6586:Crystal Eastman 6581:Sylvia A. Earle 6545: 6526: 6522:Chien-Shiung Wu 6497:Felice Schwartz 6467:Julia Ward Howe 6410: 6401:Maria Tallchief 6344: 6300:Margaret Fuller 6295:Ella Fitzgerald 6290:Mary Baker Eddy 6243: 6199:Antonia Novello 6174:Anne Hutchinson 6107: 6048:Esther Peterson 6023:Wilma Mankiller 5943:Emily Blackwell 5921: 5905: 5870: 5851: 5815: 5789: 5768: 5747: 5743:Frances Perkins 5726: 5722:Sojourner Truth 5717:Margaret Sanger 5701: 5682: 5651: 5625: 5571:Emily Dickinson 5531:Marian Anderson 5510: 5499: 5493: 5463: 5454: 5423: 5292: 5278: 5245: 5206:James H. Newman 5196:Thomas D. Jones 5181:Nancy J. Currie 5154: 5108: 5095: 5085: 5048: 5030: 5017: 5014: 5012:Further reading 4977: 4948: 4932: 4927: 4926: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4884: 4882: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4862: 4860: 4848: 4844: 4834: 4832: 4831:on 13 July 2017 4823: 4822: 4818: 4808: 4806: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4752: 4751: 4747: 4737: 4735: 4721: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4672: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4647: 4646: 4642: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4614: 4612: 4607: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4559: 4558: 4554: 4538: 4537: 4530: 4528: 4523: 4522: 4518: 4508: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4483: 4481: 4476: 4475: 4471: 4461: 4459: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4403: 4399: 4389: 4387: 4377: 4373: 4363: 4361: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4319: 4317: 4310: 4306: 4296: 4294: 4291:www.govinfo.gov 4285: 4284: 4280: 4270: 4268: 4259: 4258: 4254: 4244: 4242: 4231: 4227: 4217: 4215: 4204: 4200: 4190: 4188: 4181: 4177: 4169: 4165: 4157: 4150: 4142: 4138: 4130: 4126: 4118: 4114: 4106: 4099: 4091: 4087: 4079: 4075: 4065: 4063: 4048: 4044: 4036: 4032: 4024: 4020: 4012: 4008: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3984: 3975: 3974: 3963: 3955: 3951: 3941: 3939: 3928: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3904: 3900: 3892: 3888: 3878: 3876: 3871: 3870: 3863: 3855: 3851: 3843: 3839: 3831: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3793: 3791: 3786: 3785: 3772: 3764: 3755: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3720: 3716: 3708: 3704: 3696: 3692: 3684: 3680: 3672: 3665: 3655: 3653: 3648: 3647: 3640: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3613: 3603: 3601: 3594: 3587: 3577: 3575: 3564: 3560: 3552: 3548: 3540: 3536: 3526: 3524: 3509: 3505: 3497: 3490: 3482: 3475: 3465: 3463: 3458: 3457: 3444: 3436: 3432: 3424: 3420: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3385: 3381: 3373: 3369: 3361: 3357: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3322: 3316: 3312: 3304: 3300: 3292: 3288: 3278: 3276: 3272: 3265: 3259: 3252: 3242: 3240: 3236: 3229: 3223: 3219: 3211: 3207: 3199: 3195: 3187: 3183: 3175: 3168: 3158: 3156: 3146: 3142: 3134: 3130: 3120: 3118: 3108: 3101: 3093: 3086: 3076: 3074: 3069: 3068: 3061: 3053: 3046: 3038: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3009: 3007: 3000: 2996: 2988: 2984: 2976: 2972: 2964: 2960: 2950: 2948: 2941: 2934: 2926: 2919: 2909: 2907: 2900: 2896: 2886: 2884: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2841: 2840: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2819: 2818: 2811: 2803: 2796: 2786: 2784: 2783:. Warbirds News 2779: 2778: 2774: 2766: 2759: 2751: 2747: 2737: 2735: 2723: 2716: 2706: 2704: 2691: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2666: 2662: 2652: 2650: 2638: 2634: 2624: 2622: 2609: 2605: 2595: 2593: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2554: 2552: 2551:on 21 July 2011 2543: 2542: 2538: 2530: 2526: 2518: 2509: 2499: 2497: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2437: 2426: 2418: 2414: 2404: 2402: 2394: 2390: 2389: 2378: 2373: 2355: 2339: 2221:Legion of Merit 2205: 2189:Cleveland, Ohio 2152: 2127: 1982:Charles Camarda 1869: 1863: 1787: 1773:Michael Collins 1742: 1727: 1677: 1629:and First Lady 1625:With President 1584: 1578: 1566:Comet Hale–Bopp 1539: 1495: 1482: 1413: 1407: 1376:Spacehab module 1347:into line with 1288: 1267: 1241: 1235: 1163:Ellington Field 1161:trainer jet at 1113:Carolyn Huntoon 1089: 1084: 1009:Delta Air Lines 995:in 1986, and a 983:, she earned a 887:Kwajalein Atoll 764:Albert Einstein 700: 613:Hurricane Agnes 564:Pacific Theater 538: 477: 308:Military career 265: 255: 251: 247: 223: 188: 141:Legion of Merit 116: 107: 98: 82: 76: 72: 66: 64: 63: 62: 61: 51: 50:Collins in 1998 39: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8411: 8401: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8210: 8209: 8197: 8185: 8162: 8161: 8159: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8142: 8140: 8136: 8135: 8133: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8097: 8095:Norman Thagard 8092: 8087: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8017: 8012: 8007: 8002: 7997: 7992: 7987: 7982: 7977: 7972: 7970:Story Musgrave 7967: 7965:Edgar Mitchell 7962: 7957: 7955:James McDivitt 7952: 7947: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7915:Steven Lindsey 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7872: 7867: 7862: 7857: 7852: 7847: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7770:Donn F. Eisele 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7740:Robert Crippen 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7715:Eileen Collins 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7650:Vance D. Brand 7647: 7642: 7637: 7635:Charles Bolden 7632: 7630:Karol J. Bobko 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7610:Neil Armstrong 7607: 7605:William Anders 7602: 7597: 7592: 7586: 7584: 7580: 7579: 7572: 7571: 7564: 7557: 7549: 7540: 7539: 7536: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7506:Judith Plaskow 7503: 7501:Peggy McIntosh 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7477: 7475: 7471: 7470: 7468: 7467: 7465:Michelle Obama 7462: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7421: 7419: 7415: 7414: 7412: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7380: 7378: 7370: 7369: 7359: 7358: 7355: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7340:Laurie Spiegel 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7259:Sherry Lansing 7256: 7251: 7246: 7244:Temple Grandin 7241: 7235: 7233: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7203:Jean Kilbourne 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7174: 7172: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7127:Ina May Gaskin 7124: 7118: 7116: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7081:Billie Holiday 7078: 7073: 7068: 7063: 7058: 7052: 7050: 7042: 7041: 7031: 7030: 7027: 7026: 7023: 7022: 7020: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6968: 6966: 6962: 6961: 6959: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6912: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6851: 6849: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6814:Dorothea Lange 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6780: 6778: 6774: 6773: 6771: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6739: 6737: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6687:Bessie Coleman 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6663: 6661: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6557: 6555: 6547: 6546: 6536: 6535: 6532: 6531: 6528: 6527: 6525: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6411: 6409: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6352: 6350: 6346: 6345: 6343: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6275:Eileen Collins 6272: 6267: 6265:Amelia Bloomer 6262: 6257: 6255:Virginia Apgar 6251: 6249: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6224:Nettie Stevens 6221: 6219:Muriel Siebert 6216: 6211: 6206: 6204:Linda Richards 6201: 6196: 6194:Maria Mitchell 6191: 6189:Louise McManus 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6144:Catherine East 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6115: 6113: 6109: 6108: 6106: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6093:Faye Wattleton 6090: 6085: 6080: 6078:Helen Stephens 6075: 6073:Gloria Steinem 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5998:Dolores Huerta 5995: 5993:Dorothy Height 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5929: 5927: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5913: 5911: 5907: 5906: 5904: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5891:Barbara Jordan 5888: 5882: 5880: 5872: 5871: 5861: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5823: 5821: 5817: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5797: 5795: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5782: 5776: 5774: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5766: 5761: 5759:Belva Lockwood 5755: 5753: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5740: 5734: 5732: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5724: 5719: 5713: 5711: 5703: 5702: 5692: 5691: 5688: 5687: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5659: 5657: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5633: 5631: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5623: 5621:Harriet Tubman 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5601:Florence Sabin 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5581:Alice Hamilton 5578: 5576:Amelia Earhart 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5522: 5520: 5512: 5511: 5501: 5500: 5492: 5491: 5484: 5477: 5469: 5460: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5431: 5429: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5300: 5298: 5294: 5293: 5291: 5290: 5285: 5277: 5276: 5269: 5262: 5254: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5226:Janice E. Voss 5223: 5218: 5216:Ronald M. Sega 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5125:Eileen Collins 5122: 5116: 5114: 5110: 5109: 5100: 5097: 5096: 5084: 5083: 5076: 5069: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5047: 5046:External links 5044: 5043: 5042: 5028: 5020:Eileen Collins 5013: 5010: 5009: 5008: 4990: 4989: 4975: 4961: 4960: 4946: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4924: 4892: 4881:. 13 June 2006 4870: 4842: 4816: 4793: 4771: 4760:on 14 May 2013 4745: 4715: 4693: 4666: 4640: 4622: 4600: 4574: 4552: 4516: 4491: 4469: 4447: 4422: 4397: 4371: 4349: 4327: 4304: 4278: 4252: 4225: 4198: 4175: 4163: 4161:, p. 254. 4148: 4136: 4124: 4112: 4097: 4085: 4073: 4042: 4030: 4028:, p. 247. 4018: 4006: 3994: 3961: 3949: 3922: 3910: 3898: 3886: 3861: 3849: 3847:, p. 234. 3837: 3835:, p. 226. 3825: 3823:, p. 221. 3813: 3811:, p. 218. 3801: 3770: 3753: 3741: 3714: 3702: 3700:, p. 197. 3690: 3688:, p. 195. 3678: 3676:, p. 192. 3663: 3638: 3626: 3611: 3585: 3558: 3546: 3534: 3503: 3488: 3473: 3442: 3430: 3418: 3406: 3395:on 14 May 2021 3379: 3367: 3365:, p. 123. 3355: 3353:, p. 118. 3343: 3310: 3298: 3296:, p. 134. 3286: 3250: 3217: 3215:, p. 130. 3205: 3193: 3191:, p. 241. 3181: 3166: 3140: 3128: 3099: 3084: 3059: 3057:, p. 273. 3044: 3029: 3017: 2994: 2982: 2970: 2958: 2932: 2917: 2894: 2871: 2856: 2834: 2809: 2794: 2772: 2757: 2745: 2714: 2684: 2672: 2660: 2632: 2603: 2574: 2562: 2536: 2524: 2507: 2489:. April 2016. 2472: 2459:Houston, Texas 2424: 2412: 2375: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2367: 2353: 2338: 2335: 2204: 2201: 2151: 2148: 2046:service module 1992:Space Shuttle 1977:Wendy Lawrence 1960:Space Shuttle 1925:Soichi Noguchi 1904:in late 2001. 1865:Main article: 1862: 1859: 1765:Neil Armstrong 1652:. Originally, 1650:Michel Tognini 1616:Roosevelt Room 1580:Main article: 1577: 1574: 1429:Jerry Linenger 1409:Main article: 1406: 1403: 1237:Main article: 1234: 1231: 1121:Charles Bolden 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1076:Goodyear Blimp 1036:C-130 Hercules 997:Master of Arts 977:linear algebra 942:North Carolina 914:F-4 Phantom II 895:Johnston Atoll 760:Enid, Oklahoma 699: 696: 537: 534: 510:Space Shuttle 427:North Carolina 365:A graduate of 332: 331: 328: 327: 322: 318: 317: 314: 310: 309: 305: 304: 301: 300: 297: 296: 293: 289: 288: 266: 263: 260: 259: 242: 238: 237: 232: 228: 227: 224: 221: 218: 217: 208: 204: 203: 201:NASA astronaut 197: 196: 190: 189: 187: 186: 180: 175: 170: 165: 160: 154: 148: 143: 138: 132: 130: 126: 125: 88: 84: 83: 77: 59: 57: 53: 52: 49: 41: 40: 38:Eileen Collins 37: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8410: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8223:Living people 8221: 8220: 8218: 8208: 8198: 8196: 8186: 8184: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8143: 8141: 8137: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8125:Alfred Worden 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8115:Jim Wetherbee 8113: 8111: 8110:Paul J. Weitz 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8070:Loren Shriver 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8025:Wally Schirra 8023: 8021: 8020:Jerry L. Ross 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8010:Kent Rominger 8008: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7998: 7996: 7995:William Pogue 7993: 7991: 7988: 7986: 7983: 7981: 7978: 7976: 7975:George Nelson 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7960:Pamela Melroy 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7945:Ken Mattingly 7943: 7941: 7940:Sandra Magnus 7938: 7936: 7935:Shannon Lucid 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7910:David Leestma 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7861: 7858: 7856: 7855:Steven Hawley 7853: 7851: 7848: 7846: 7843: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7805:Edward Gibson 7803: 7801: 7800:Owen Garriott 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7790:Michael Foale 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7730:Gordon Cooper 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7710:Michael Coats 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7625:Guion Bluford 7623: 7621: 7620:John E. Blaha 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7587: 7585: 7581: 7577: 7570: 7565: 7563: 7558: 7556: 7551: 7550: 7547: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7481:Patricia Bath 7479: 7478: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7450:Emily Howland 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7420: 7416: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7404:Toni Morrison 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7381: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7364: 7360: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7300:Gloria Allred 7298: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7269:Aimee Mullins 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7239:Matilda Cuomo 7237: 7236: 7234: 7230: 7224: 7223:Eleanor Smeal 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7188:Martha Graham 7186: 7184: 7183:Nancy Brinker 7181: 7179: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7169: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7157:Anna Schwartz 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7113: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7053: 7051: 7047: 7043: 7036: 7032: 7018: 7017:Kate Stoneman 7015: 7013: 7012:Susan Solomon 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6969: 6967: 6963: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6936:Winona LaDuke 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6913: 6911: 6907: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6865:Betty Bumpers 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6846: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6834:Anne Sullivan 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6781: 6779: 6775: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6734: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6702:Althea Gibson 6700: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6658: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6541: 6537: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6512:Florence Wald 6510: 6508: 6507:Beverly Sills 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6477:Shannon Lucid 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6407: 6406:Edith Wharton 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6347: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6335:Pat Schroeder 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6246: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6229:Oprah Winfrey 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6209:Wilma Rudolph 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6129:Myra Bradwell 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6116: 6114: 6110: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6063:Elaine Roulet 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5973:Betty Friedan 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5924: 5918: 5915: 5914: 5912: 5908: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5866: 5862: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5792: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5777: 5775: 5771: 5765: 5764:Lucretia Mott 5762: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5750: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5729: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5697: 5693: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5654: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5642:Margaret Mead 5640: 5638: 5637:Abigail Adams 5635: 5634: 5632: 5628: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5561:Rachel Carson 5559: 5557: 5556:Pearl S. Buck 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5490: 5485: 5483: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5470: 5467: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5295: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5268: 5263: 5261: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5248: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5161: 5157: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5089: 5082: 5077: 5075: 5070: 5068: 5063: 5062: 5059: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5021: 5016: 5015: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4972: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4939: 4934: 4933: 4909: 4902: 4896: 4880: 4874: 4859: 4858: 4853: 4846: 4830: 4826: 4820: 4804: 4797: 4781: 4775: 4759: 4755: 4749: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4719: 4703: 4697: 4681: 4677: 4670: 4654: 4650: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4626: 4610: 4604: 4589: 4585: 4578: 4562: 4556: 4548: 4542: 4526: 4520: 4501: 4495: 4479: 4473: 4457: 4451: 4436: 4432: 4426: 4407: 4401: 4386: 4382: 4375: 4360: 4353: 4337: 4331: 4315: 4308: 4292: 4288: 4282: 4267:. 2 June 2011 4266: 4262: 4256: 4240: 4236: 4229: 4213: 4209: 4202: 4186: 4179: 4172: 4167: 4160: 4155: 4153: 4145: 4140: 4133: 4128: 4121: 4116: 4109: 4104: 4102: 4094: 4089: 4082: 4077: 4062: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4046: 4039: 4034: 4027: 4022: 4015: 4010: 4003: 3998: 3982: 3978: 3972: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3958: 3953: 3937: 3933: 3926: 3919: 3914: 3907: 3902: 3895: 3890: 3874: 3868: 3866: 3858: 3853: 3846: 3841: 3834: 3829: 3822: 3817: 3810: 3805: 3789: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3767: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3750: 3745: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3711: 3706: 3699: 3694: 3687: 3682: 3675: 3670: 3668: 3651: 3645: 3643: 3635: 3630: 3623: 3618: 3616: 3599: 3592: 3590: 3573: 3569: 3562: 3555: 3550: 3543: 3538: 3523:on 7 May 2009 3522: 3518: 3514: 3511:Funk, Wally. 3507: 3500: 3495: 3493: 3485: 3480: 3478: 3461: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3439: 3434: 3427: 3422: 3415: 3410: 3394: 3390: 3383: 3376: 3371: 3364: 3359: 3352: 3347: 3328: 3321: 3314: 3307: 3302: 3295: 3290: 3271: 3264: 3257: 3255: 3235: 3228: 3221: 3214: 3209: 3202: 3197: 3190: 3185: 3178: 3173: 3171: 3155: 3151: 3144: 3137: 3132: 3117: 3116:Texas Monthly 3113: 3106: 3104: 3096: 3091: 3089: 3072: 3066: 3064: 3056: 3051: 3049: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3026: 3021: 3005: 2998: 2991: 2986: 2979: 2974: 2967: 2962: 2946: 2939: 2937: 2929: 2924: 2922: 2905: 2898: 2882: 2875: 2868: 2863: 2861: 2844: 2838: 2822: 2816: 2814: 2806: 2801: 2799: 2782: 2776: 2769: 2764: 2762: 2754: 2749: 2734: 2733: 2728: 2721: 2719: 2703:. Spring 2022 2702: 2698: 2694: 2688: 2681: 2676: 2669: 2664: 2649: 2648: 2643: 2636: 2621:. p. 133 2620: 2619: 2614: 2607: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2578: 2572:, p. 22. 2571: 2566: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2533: 2528: 2521: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2487: 2486:Irish America 2482: 2476: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2455: 2453: 2446: 2441: 2440:Carr, Jeffrey 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2421: 2416: 2400: 2393: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2376: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2346: 2341: 2340: 2334: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2301: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2285:in 2009, the 2284: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2272:Harmon Trophy 2269: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2214: 2209: 2200: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2161: 2156: 2147: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2134: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2051: 2047: 2045: 2039: 2035: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1995: 1989: 1985: 1983: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1963: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1945: 1944:Joint Airlock 1943: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1919:and Japanese 1918: 1914: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1858: 1856: 1855:Oprah Winfrey 1852: 1848: 1847: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1795: 1793: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1754: 1750: 1749: 1743:Space Shuttle 1739: 1735: 1733: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1704: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1684: 1678:Space Shuttle 1674: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1662:Steven Hawley 1659: 1655: 1654:Winston Scott 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1638:Jeffrey Ashby 1632: 1628: 1623: 1619: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1598:and director 1597: 1596:Jim Wetherbee 1593: 1589: 1583: 1573: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1500:Valeri Ryumin 1494: 1490: 1489: 1483:Space Shuttle 1476: 1472: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1447: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1425:Michael Foale 1422: 1418: 1412: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1295: 1289:Space Shuttle 1286: 1279: 1275: 1274: 1268:Space Shuttle 1264: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1253:Pamela Melroy 1250: 1246: 1240: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1179: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1155: 1151: 1149: 1148:Space Shuttle 1145: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1093: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1028:Lockheed TR-1 1025: 1020: 1017: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 961: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 923: 919: 915: 910: 906: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 877:in Japan and 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 837:, to fly the 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 803: 801: 797: 793: 788: 784: 780: 776: 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 741: 736: 732: 730: 726: 722: 718: 713: 709: 705: 695: 693: 689: 688:visual acuity 685: 680: 675: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 652: 648: 643: 641: 638:In 1975, the 636: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 601: 599: 598: 593: 592: 587: 586: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 548: 543: 533: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 513: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 490: 485: 484: 478:Space Shuttle 475: 471: 467: 462: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 413:. During the 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 363: 361: 360:Space Shuttle 357: 353: 349: 345: 342: 338: 329: 326: 323: 319: 315: 311: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 281: 276: 271: 267: 261: 258: 254: 250: 246: 243: 239: 236: 233: 229: 225: 222:Time in space 219: 216: 212: 209: 205: 202: 198: 195: 191: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 158: 155: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 131: 127: 123: 119: 114: 110: 105: 101: 96: 92: 89: 85: 80: 73:(age 67) 58: 54: 47: 42: 35: 32: 27: 19: 8090:Jack Swigert 8075:Deke Slayton 8060:Alan Shepard 8015:Stuart Roosa 7880:Marsha Ivins 7780:Ronald Evans 7760:Charles Duke 7714: 7670:James Buchli 7665:Curtis Brown 7645:Ken Bowersox 7640:Frank Borman 7600:Scott Altman 7511:Loretta Ross 7486:Ruby Bridges 7430:Judy Chicago 7325:Rose O'Neill 7305:Angela Davis 7284:Alice Waters 7279:Janet Rowley 7274:Carol Mutter 7162:Emma Willard 7142:Nancy Pelosi 7137:Kate Millett 7002:Ruth Patrick 6997:Emma Lazarus 6982:Karen DeCrow 6977:Mildred Cohn 6672:Lucille Ball 6646:Eudora Welty 6621:Sophia Smith 6606:Kate Mullany 6462:Sarah Grimké 6427:Maya Angelou 6274: 6260:Ann Bancroft 6239:Fanny Wright 6159:Grace Hopper 6083:Lillian Wald 6038:Annie Oakley 6018:Mary Mahoney 5842:Mary Risteau 5832:Willa Cather 5785:Bessie Smith 5663:Dorothea Dix 5591:Helen Keller 5566:Mary Cassatt 5541:Clara Barton 5236:Peter Wisoff 5231:Carl E. Walz 5124: 5019: 4995: 4966: 4937: 4915:. Retrieved 4908:the original 4895: 4883:. Retrieved 4873: 4861:. Retrieved 4855: 4845: 4833:. Retrieved 4829:the original 4819: 4807:. Retrieved 4796: 4784:. Retrieved 4774: 4762:. Retrieved 4758:the original 4748: 4736:. Retrieved 4728: 4718: 4706:. Retrieved 4696: 4684:. Retrieved 4680:the original 4669: 4657:. Retrieved 4652: 4643: 4635:the original 4625: 4615:16 September 4613:. Retrieved 4603: 4593:16 September 4591:. Retrieved 4587: 4577: 4565:. Retrieved 4555: 4529:. Retrieved 4519: 4507:. Retrieved 4494: 4482:. Retrieved 4472: 4460:. Retrieved 4450: 4438:. Retrieved 4425: 4413:. Retrieved 4400: 4388:. Retrieved 4374: 4362:. Retrieved 4352: 4340:. Retrieved 4330: 4318:. Retrieved 4307: 4295:. Retrieved 4290: 4281: 4269:. Retrieved 4265:www.nasa.gov 4264: 4255: 4243:. Retrieved 4238: 4228: 4216:. Retrieved 4211: 4201: 4189:. Retrieved 4178: 4166: 4159:Houston 2013 4144:Houston 2013 4139: 4132:Houston 2013 4127: 4120:Houston 2013 4115: 4088: 4076: 4064:. Retrieved 4058: 4051:Yardley, Jim 4045: 4038:Houston 2013 4033: 4026:Houston 2013 4021: 4009: 3997: 3985:. Retrieved 3981:the original 3952: 3940:. Retrieved 3936:the original 3925: 3913: 3901: 3889: 3877:. Retrieved 3852: 3840: 3828: 3816: 3804: 3792:. Retrieved 3744: 3732:. Retrieved 3728:the original 3717: 3705: 3693: 3681: 3654:. Retrieved 3629: 3602:. Retrieved 3576:. Retrieved 3572:the original 3561: 3549: 3537: 3525:. Retrieved 3521:the original 3516: 3506: 3464:. Retrieved 3433: 3421: 3409: 3397:. Retrieved 3393:the original 3382: 3370: 3358: 3346: 3334:. Retrieved 3327:the original 3313: 3301: 3289: 3277:. Retrieved 3270:the original 3241:. Retrieved 3234:the original 3220: 3208: 3196: 3184: 3157:. Retrieved 3153: 3143: 3131: 3119:. Retrieved 3115: 3075:. Retrieved 3020: 3008:. Retrieved 2997: 2985: 2973: 2961: 2949:. Retrieved 2908:. Retrieved 2897: 2885:. Retrieved 2874: 2847:. Retrieved 2837: 2825:. Retrieved 2785:. Retrieved 2775: 2748: 2736:. Retrieved 2730: 2705:. Retrieved 2696: 2687: 2675: 2663: 2651:. Retrieved 2645: 2635: 2623:. Retrieved 2616: 2606: 2594:. Retrieved 2592:. p. 40 2587: 2577: 2565: 2553:. Retrieved 2549:the original 2539: 2534:, p. 2. 2527: 2498:. Retrieved 2484: 2475: 2451: 2415: 2403:. Retrieved 2344: 2337:Publications 2305: 2298: 2280: 2218: 2197:Donald Trump 2178: 2171: 2164: 2142: 2138: 2137: 2132: 2124: 2116: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2085: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2055: 2049: 2043: 2031: 2026:, where the 2014:, where the 1993: 1986: 1961: 1955: 1954:and then on 1951: 1949: 1941: 1933:Expedition 6 1929:Expedition 7 1908: 1906: 1890:Rick Husband 1882: 1844: 1842: 1833: 1820: 1819: 1813: 1808: 1804: 1799: 1796: 1784: 1758: 1747: 1724: 1705: 1696: 1682: 1675: 1642:Cady Coleman 1636: 1627:Bill Clinton 1600:George Abbey 1585: 1569: 1561: 1544: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1526: 1521: 1517: 1516:docked with 1513: 1509: 1508: 1492: 1487: 1480: 1470: 1445: 1440: 1432: 1420: 1414: 1400: 1395: 1374:carried the 1371: 1367: 1365: 1360: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1342: 1331: 1321: 1316: 1304: 1298: 1293: 1287:between the 1282: 1272: 1242: 1216: 1180:(ASCANs) in 1175: 1157:Near a NASA 1141: 1098: 1021: 1013: 962: 927: 924:in June 1990 899:Midway Atoll 843:Diego Garcia 804: 772: 745: 721:heart murmur 701: 676: 644: 637: 621:US Air Force 605:eighth grade 602: 595: 589: 583: 572:stenographer 556:Pennsylvania 539: 511: 487: 482: 463: 364: 336: 335: 321:Battles/wars 194:Space career 193: 31: 26: 8228:1956 births 8207:Spaceflight 8050:Rhea Seddon 8045:David Scott 8040:Dick Scobee 7980:Ellen Ochoa 7925:Jack Lousma 7900:Scott Kelly 7875:James Irwin 7860:Susan Helms 7830:Gus Grissom 7755:Brian Duffy 7725:Pete Conrad 7690:Gene Cernan 7685:Gerald Carr 7590:Buzz Aldrin 7516:Sandy Stone 7460:Indra Nooyi 7132:Julie Krone 6931:Swanee Hunt 6921:Julia Child 6885:Maya Y. Lin 6758:Bertha Holt 6692:Dorothy Day 6626:Ida Tarbell 6591:Jeanne Holm 6320:Maggie Kuhn 6119:Bella Abzug 6008:Mae Jemison 5978:Ella Grasso 5968:Alice Evans 5958:Ruth Colvin 5586:Helen Hayes 5526:Jane Addams 5211:Ellen Ochoa 5191:Susan Helms 5171:Leroy Chiao 4863:13 November 2251:, and four 2067:speed brake 2010:factory in 1984:was added. 1969:Andy Thomas 1769:Buzz Aldrin 1721:robotic arm 1644:and French 1555:Courvoisier 1458:astronaut, 1380:airsickness 1257:Susan Still 1187:Susan Helms 1137:Mary Cleave 1129:Rhea Seddon 1125:Hoot Gibson 928:During the 891:Wake Island 783:pilot wings 779:jet trainer 580:Girl Scouts 552:County Cork 395:pilot wings 8217:Categories 8130:John Young 8005:Sally Ride 7930:Jim Lovell 7895:Mark Kelly 7840:Fred Haise 7815:John Glenn 7315:Jane Fonda 7310:Sarah Deer 7122:Betty Ford 6611:Janet Reno 6457:Gerty Cori 6432:Nellie Bly 6124:Ella Baker 6043:Rosa Parks 5837:Sally Ride 5806:Lucy Stone 5673:Alice Paul 5241:David Wolf 4930:References 4835:16 October 4805:. Syracuse 4764:17 January 4686:8 February 4659:1 February 4531:31 January 4390:1 December 3578:8 February 3399:23 January 3077:19 January 3010:19 January 2910:19 January 2887:19 January 2787:21 January 2625:13 January 2596:13 January 2467:Wikisource 2405:15 January 2401:. May 2006 2363:1281565457 2150:Later life 2052:was docked 1994:Challenger 1988:Rick Hauck 1973:spacewalks 1923:astronaut 1717:fuel cells 1648:astronaut 1608:first lady 1592:Bob Cabana 1338:Mercury 13 1229:(CAPCOM). 1196:Washington 1133:Jerry Ross 1117:John Young 1052:Learjet 24 835:California 792:T-38 Talon 731:aircraft. 664:Cessna 150 536:Early life 411:California 399:T-38 Talon 356:test pilot 295:1 May 2006 292:Retirement 226:36d 7h 11m 67:1956-11-19 8195:Biography 8156:Astronaut 7775:Joe Engle 7615:Alan Bean 7445:Joy Harjo 7367:2020–2029 7039:2010–2019 6829:Sacagawea 6576:Mary Dyer 6544:2000–2009 6013:Mary Lyon 5869:1990–1999 5700:1980–1989 5509:1970–1979 5004:156912804 4985:218506039 4956:839395927 4729:chron.com 4385:SpaceNews 3977:"STS-114" 2707:1 October 2653:12 August 2495:0884-4240 2333:in 2022. 2278:in 2022. 2143:Discovery 2139:Discovery 2133:Discovery 2125:Discovery 2117:Discovery 2105:Discovery 2096:Discovery 2086:Discovery 2083:Atlantis, 2079:Endeavour 2075:Discovery 2071:actuators 2050:Discovery 2002:plant in 1956:Discovery 1913:Jim Kelly 1898:Dom Gorie 1875:With the 1814:Endeavour 1811:and 1809:Discovery 1807:, but in 1761:Apollo 11 1614:, in the 1396:Discovery 1392:Coca-Cola 1384:Phenergan 1372:Discovery 1345:Discovery 1328:Star City 1309:cosmonaut 1294:Discovery 1273:Discovery 1165:near the 1109:Don Puddy 1032:P-3 Orion 811:astronaut 738:With her 607:and then 483:Discovery 344:astronaut 316:1978–2005 231:Selection 87:Education 8183:Aviation 8120:Ed White 7440:Mia Hamm 5038:58478502 4541:cite web 4415:24 April 4297:4 August 4271:4 August 4245:4 August 4218:4 August 3788:"STS-93" 3650:"STS-84" 3460:"STS-63" 3121:3 August 2316:honorary 2235:with an 2110:Columbia 2090:Atlantis 2032:Columbia 1996:disaster 1964:disaster 1962:Columbia 1952:Atlantis 1909:Atlantis 1834:Columbia 1821:Columbia 1805:Columbia 1800:Columbia 1785:Columbia 1748:Columbia 1725:Columbia 1715:for the 1709:hydrogen 1697:Columbia 1689:Titan IV 1683:Columbia 1570:Atlantis 1537:Atlantis 1514:Atlantis 1510:Atlantis 1488:Atlantis 1074:and the 973:calculus 969:Colorado 912:With an 568:surveyor 514:disaster 512:Columbia 476:between 443:Colorado 391:Oklahoma 241:Missions 8169:Portals 8139:Related 7583:Members 5428:Related 4885:17 July 4809:20 July 4786:21 June 4567:21 June 4509:21 June 4484:13 June 4462:21 June 4440:17 July 4364:17 July 4320:16 July 4191:22 June 3987:22 June 3942:17 July 3879:21 June 3794:21 June 3734:20 June 3656:20 June 3604:20 June 3527:12 June 3466:18 June 3336:16 June 3279:16 June 3243:16 June 3159:16 June 2951:16 June 2738:15 June 2555:20 June 2500:14 June 2325:of the 2295:Houston 2215:in 2013 2167:colonel 2008:Thiokol 1902:STS-114 1894:STS-107 1877:STS-114 1867:STS-114 1861:STS-114 1755:mission 1504:Energia 1477:mission 1208:orbiter 1204:Florida 1171:Houston 946:Grenada 871:Okinawa 807:captain 752:Arizona 574:at the 562:in the 560:US Navy 530:colonel 506:STS-114 431:Grenada 352:colonel 350:(USAF) 257:STS-114 211:Colonel 5297:Groups 5113:Pilots 5036: 5026: 5002: 4983: 4973: 4954: 4944: 4917:4 June 4738:20 May 4708:20 May 4411:. NASA 4342:14 May 4066:13 May 2849:14 May 2827:14 May 2732:Flying 2493: 2454: 2361: 2351: 2239:, the 2227:, the 2223:, the 2195:under 2069:(RSB) 2063:rudder 2044:Zvezda 1753:STS-93 1713:oxygen 1604:STS-93 1582:STS-93 1576:STS-93 1558:cognac 1475:STS-84 1417:STS-84 1411:STS-84 1405:STS-84 1245:STS-63 1239:STS-63 1233:STS-63 1042:, the 1038:, the 883:Alaska 861:, and 851:Hawaii 805:Now a 498:STS-93 494:STS-84 470:STS-63 253:STS-93 249:STS-84 245:STS-63 129:Awards 81:, U.S. 4911:(PDF) 4904:(PDF) 4588:AVweb 4503:(PDF) 4409:(PDF) 3330:(PDF) 3323:(PDF) 3273:(PDF) 3266:(PDF) 3237:(PDF) 3230:(PDF) 2395:(PDF) 2371:Notes 2128:' 1942:Quest 1788:' 1745: 1728:' 1680: 1547:EO-23 1540:' 1496:' 1485: 1448:EO-17 1333:Buran 1291: 1270: 1064:F-111 1024:major 991:from 936:from 712:Texas 480: 449:from 421:from 7474:2024 7418:2022 7377:2020 7293:2019 7232:2017 7171:2015 7115:2013 7049:2011 6965:2009 6909:2007 6848:2005 6777:2003 6736:2002 6660:2001 6554:2000 6415:1998 6349:1996 6248:1995 6112:1994 5926:1993 5910:1991 5879:1990 5820:1988 5794:1986 5773:1984 5752:1983 5731:1982 5710:1981 5656:1979 5630:1976 5519:1973 5034:OCLC 5024:ISBN 5000:OCLC 4981:OCLC 4971:ISBN 4952:OCLC 4942:ISBN 4919:2023 4887:2022 4865:2021 4837:2018 4811:2020 4788:2022 4766:2007 4740:2021 4710:2021 4688:2016 4661:2023 4617:2022 4595:2022 4569:2022 4547:link 4533:2012 4511:2022 4486:2022 4464:2022 4442:2022 4417:2021 4392:2016 4366:2022 4344:2019 4322:2022 4299:2023 4273:2023 4247:2023 4220:2023 4193:2022 4068:2021 3989:2022 3944:2022 3881:2022 3796:2022 3736:2022 3658:2022 3606:2022 3580:2007 3529:2009 3468:2022 3401:2023 3338:2022 3281:2022 3245:2022 3161:2022 3123:2023 3079:2023 3012:2023 2953:2022 2912:2023 2889:2023 2851:2019 2829:2019 2789:2023 2740:2022 2709:2022 2655:2022 2627:2023 2598:2023 2557:2013 2502:2022 2491:ISSN 2463:NASA 2407:2021 2399:NASA 2359:OCLC 2349:ISBN 2174:USAA 1975:and 1921:JAXA 1771:and 1711:and 1646:CNES 1388:Chex 1255:and 1159:T-38 1135:and 1062:and 1034:and 1005:golf 975:and 897:and 859:Guam 845:via 777:, a 740:T-38 594:and 435:T-41 346:and 341:NASA 215:USAF 207:Rank 56:Born 2293:in 2247:, 2187:in 2181:CNN 2022:in 1562:Mir 1545:Mir 1533:Mir 1529:Mir 1522:Mir 1518:Mir 1493:Mir 1471:Mir 1456:ESA 1446:Mir 1441:Mir 1433:Mir 1421:Mir 1368:Mir 1361:Mir 1353:Mir 1349:Mir 1317:Mir 1305:Mir 1300:Mir 1202:in 1194:in 1169:in 1150:!" 987:in 967:in 944:to 940:in 916:at 881:in 869:on 857:on 849:in 833:in 825:or 798:in 766:'s 758:in 750:in 727:in 710:in 666:at 547:née 489:Mir 441:in 429:to 425:in 405:at 385:at 185:(4) 159:(2) 153:(2) 8219:: 5419:24 5414:23 5409:22 5404:21 5399:20 5394:19 5389:18 5384:17 5379:16 5374:15 5369:14 5364:13 5359:12 5354:11 5349:10 5032:. 4979:. 4950:. 4854:. 4731:. 4727:. 4651:. 4586:. 4543:}} 4539:{{ 4433:. 4383:. 4289:. 4263:. 4237:. 4210:. 4151:^ 4100:^ 4057:. 3964:^ 3864:^ 3773:^ 3756:^ 3666:^ 3641:^ 3614:^ 3588:^ 3515:. 3491:^ 3476:^ 3445:^ 3253:^ 3169:^ 3152:. 3114:. 3102:^ 3087:^ 3062:^ 3047:^ 3032:^ 2935:^ 2920:^ 2859:^ 2812:^ 2797:^ 2760:^ 2729:. 2717:^ 2699:. 2695:. 2644:. 2615:. 2586:. 2510:^ 2483:. 2461:: 2457:. 2448:. 2427:^ 2397:. 2379:^ 2357:. 2231:, 2199:. 1767:, 1730:s 1703:. 1610:, 1462:. 1370:, 1363:. 1311:, 1251:: 1214:. 1139:. 1131:, 1127:, 1123:, 1119:, 1070:, 1066:, 1058:, 1054:, 1050:, 1046:, 1030:, 905:. 893:, 889:, 873:, 853:, 821:, 674:. 600:. 409:, 389:, 213:, 122:MS 113:MS 104:BA 95:AA 69:) 8171:: 7568:e 7561:t 7554:v 5488:e 5481:t 5474:v 5344:9 5339:8 5334:7 5329:6 5324:5 5319:4 5314:3 5309:2 5304:1 5273:e 5266:t 5259:v 5080:e 5073:t 5066:v 5040:. 5006:. 4987:. 4958:. 4921:. 4889:. 4867:. 4839:. 4813:. 4790:. 4768:. 4742:. 4712:. 4690:. 4663:. 4619:. 4597:. 4571:. 4549:) 4535:. 4513:. 4488:. 4466:. 4444:. 4419:. 4394:. 4368:. 4346:. 4324:. 4301:. 4275:. 4249:. 4222:. 4195:. 4070:. 3991:. 3946:. 3883:. 3798:. 3738:. 3660:. 3608:. 3582:. 3531:. 3470:. 3403:. 3340:. 3283:. 3247:. 3163:. 3125:. 3081:. 3014:. 2955:. 2914:. 2891:. 2853:. 2831:. 2791:. 2742:. 2711:. 2657:. 2629:. 2600:. 2559:. 2504:. 2469:. 2409:. 2365:. 2065:/ 124:) 120:( 115:) 111:( 106:) 102:( 97:) 93:( 65:( 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index