215:. The Egyptian government has seen Qatar as a source of instability. The Egyptian regime also sees that Qatar challenges its rule by financing the Muslim Brotherhood, and other organizations, which the regime has outlawed and consider terrorist organizations. Thus, the Egyptian regime has been trying to resist Qatar by any means. The current issue between the Saudi bloc and Qatar seemed to be an opportunity to put pressure on Qatar to stop financing the Muslim Brotherhood, its affiliates, and supporters, and to support the Sisi regime." To move closer to the Gulf states, Qatar expelled dozens of Muslim Brotherhood leaders of the first and second class, headed by leader Essam Talima, and leader Mahmoud Hussein, who continued to lead the Brotherhood from Turkey, leaving the Muslim Brotherhood with less regional and international backing.
1949:
107:
2159:
1509:
59:
48:
257:, which prompted retaliation from Mubarak and the Egyptian media. In 1997, Egypt sent the head of its intelligence agency, Omar Suleiman, to respond to the news network's criticism of the Egyptian government. In an interview in 2002, Mubarak blamed Al Jazeera for "spreading friction, enmity and instability among Arab countries". A US diplomatic cable leaked from 2010 revealed that
285:, an Egyptian journalist working for Al Jazeera, was arrested and later held in prison without being charged or going through trial. He was accused of "incitement against state institutions broadcasting false news with the aim of spreading chaos", charges which were denied by Hussein and Al Jazeera, the latter of which called for his release. He was released on 6 February 2021.
29:
304:, Qatar assisted Egypt by sending it $ 7.5 bn in grants and loans. Following Morsi's ouster from power in July 2013, Egypt in September 2013 returned $ 2 bn that Qatar deposited in its central bank. Between September and November 2014, Egypt paid back $ 2.5 bn in debts. The last $ 1 bn of Egypt's debts to Qatar were paid out in July 2016.
118:
Egypt boycotted the MEMA Conference in Qatar in 1997 after asserting that Qatar was financing
Islamic militant organizations in Egypt. They also accused Qatar's media of harboring an anti-Egypt agenda. The conflict was mediated by Saudi Arabia later that year, but weeks after the intervention, Qatari
162:
In March 2014, three Arab states removed their ambassadors from Qatar in protest of alleged interference by Qatar in their internal affairs, which included financially supporting the Muslim
Brotherhood in Egypt. Around December 2014, Qatar moved to mend relations with Egypt amid pressure from other
288:
In
September 2022, Al Jazeera journalist Ahmed al-Najdi was released after spending two years in pre-trial detention. On 1 May 2023, Egyptian Al Jazeera journalist Hisham Abdel Aziz was released after being detained without trial for four years. He was accused of "spreading false information" and
268:
The Muslim
Brotherhood-affiliated Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi, who briefly ruled Egypt from 2012 to 2013, was removed from office in mid-2013 following mass protests against his rule, and the Egyptian authorities soon afterward cracked down on the Muslim Brotherhood and media outlets closely
130:
Since 2010, Qatar has introduced conditions for low paid migrant workers including raising the minimum wage and addressing the more effective labour mobility. In 2021, the head of World Cup 2022 organising committee, Hassan Al
Thawadi acknowledged Qatar’s measures towards improving labour reforms
223:
On 20 January 2021, Egypt agreed to resume diplomatic relations with Qatar, making it the first country to officially do so under an Arab deal to end the dispute. In June 2021, Amr Kamal Eddin al-Sherbiny was appointed the
Egyptian ambassador to Qatar. In July 2021, Salem Mubarak Al Shafi was
182:. The airstrikes were condemned by the Qatari media outlet Al Jazeera, which broadcast images depicting what appeared to be civilian victims. Additionally, Qatar's foreign ministry expressed reservations over the airstrikes. This prompted Tariq Adel, Egypt's delegate to the
202:
with Qatar. The
Egyptian Foreign Ministry announced it was closing its operations to Qatari transportation. The Egyptian, Saudi, Bahraini, and Emirati governments cited Qatar's continuing alleged support for terrorism, such as the
475:
119:
authorities laid off 700 Egyptian workers in private and public sectors. During the conference, the Qatari foreign minister accused Egypt of supporting the 'plotters', referring to the 110 individuals tried over the
277:
and Baher Ghorab in
December 2013. Al Jazeera ceased broadcasts of its Egyptian channel Mubasher Misr in December 2014 following accusations that the network was "damaging national security and unity".
245:
on his first official visit to Egypt since 2015. They discussed diplomatic and economic relations after Qatar and Egypt had signed investments contracts worth more than US$ 5 billion in March 2022.
1371:
289:"membership of a terrorist group" when he was arrested in June 2019. Two other Egyptian Al Jazeera journalists, Bahaa Eldin Ibrahim and Rabie el-Sheikh, are still being detained as of May 2023.
211:
is banned by the government and considered a terrorist organization. Islam Hassan argues "Egypt has had troubled relations with Qatar for many years, except during the presidential period of
151:. This led to an increase in tensions between Qatar and Egypt, with a number of Arab states backing Egypt in this dispute. Qatar was chastized by several Arab states for its harboring of
269:
linked to it—including Al
Jazeera, which provided several prominent Muslim Brotherhood spokesmen with media platforms. This culminated in the arrests of Al Jazeera journalists
556:
190:
rejected Egypt's accusations and its secretary general regarded the statements to be false. Shortly afterward, Qatar recalled its ambassador to Egypt for consultations.
265:
that he made an offer to
Mubarak in which he would 'stop Al Jazeera for a year' if Egypt agreed to deliver a lasting settlement to the Palestinians during that period.
423:
1119:
504:
2147:
1497:
2110:
1375:
887:
861:
98:
By January 1973, just two years after Qatar gained its independence, Egypt was among the eighteen countries that Qatar appointed an ambassador to.
2125:
1475:
990:
399:
Al-jazeera: The Story Of The Network That Is Rattling Governments And Redefining Modern Journalism Updated With A New Prologue And Epilogue
938:
1163:
297:
From January 2003 to June 2014, Egypt accounted for the largest share of all financial investments made by Qatari firms at 31.1 percent.
1265:
667:
2384:
2140:
1777:
1490:
1999:
642:
836:
198:
On 5 June 2017, the government of Egypt, along with those of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates, announced the
2021:
528:
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2517:
1319:
1214:
120:
2491:
2487:
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1988:
584:
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1895:
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613:
407:
380:
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186:, to accuse Qatar of supporting terrorism. Egyptian citizens also launched an online campaign denouncing Qatar. The
2364:
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253:
In the early years after Al Jazeera's formation in 1996, it was often involved in criticism of then-President
2471:
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1890:
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1662:
1646:
1600:
1575:
1570:
1545:
208:
155:, a Muslim cleric who was alleged to have had a prominent role within the intellectual leadership of the
140:
2450:
2440:
2435:
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2379:
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2324:
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1441:
810:
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2253:
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1687:
1636:
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231:
187:
171:
127:. Qatar began denying entry visas to Egyptian citizens and reportedly harassed Egyptian laborers.
1992:
589:
199:
1239:
734:"Qatar Pursues an Independent Foreign Policy that Clashes with the Saudi's Strategic Interests"
372:(Un)Civil War of Words: Media and Politics in the Arab World (Praeger Security International)
238:
1465:
323:. New York: Permanent Mission of the State of Qatar to the United Nation. 1973. p. 4.
8:
509:
480:
476:"Egypt's break with Qatar could contribute to a scorching summer for country's residents"
79:
320:
235:
204:
156:
1345:
1137:
711:
2100:
1076:
1049:
403:
376:
346:
152:
914:"Egypt, Qatar appoint mutual ambassadors - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East"
1470:
1320:"Despite series of presidential pardons, Egypt still holding 21 journalists | RSF"
939:"Qatari new Ambassador to Egypt arrives Cairo to resume work for 1st time in 4yrs"
760:"Saudi Diplomatic Offensive on Qatar to Barely Impact Anti-Terror Fight in Region"
1962:
1070:
1043:
397:
370:
340:
282:
1794:
174:, another rift in relations emerged after Egypt conducted an airstrike over an
2506:
1974:
561:
505:"The Cartoon Jihad: The Muslim Brotherhood's project for dominating the West"
301:
270:
254:
228:
212:
144:
106:
1120:"Canadian journalist asks Egyptian judge to free him: 'I ask for acquittal'"
888:"Egypt appoints ambassador extraordinary to Qatar for first time since 2014"
424:"Qatar committed to improving worker welfare, says World Cup 2022 organiser"
1526:
533:
274:
164:
529:"Arab states withdraw ambassadors from Qatar in protest at 'interference'"
1979:
111:
1420:"Egypt pays back $ 2.5 billion deposit to Qatar: central bank official"
262:
134:
1346:"Egypt frees Al Jazeera journalist Hisham Abdel Aziz after four years"
1190:"Egyptian authorities release Al Jazeera journalist Mahmoud Hussein"
759:
733:
557:"Qatar moves to cut ties with Hamas and repair relations with Egypt"
218:
862:"Egyptian president appoints ambassador to Qatar -official gazette"
1017:"Qatar, Egypt eye investment, financial cooperation post-blockade"
1164:"Al Jazeera's Hussein detained in Egyptian prison for 1,000 days"
814:
1398:"Egypt returns $ 2 billion to Qatar in sign of growing tensions"
690:"GCC rejects accusation of Egypt to Qatar supporting terrorism"
1240:"Al Jazeera journalist freed from pretrial detention in Egypt"
837:"Egypt and Qatar have 'agreed to resume diplomatic relations'"
712:"Four countries cut links with Qatar over 'terrorism' support"
2158:
1508:
811:"Egypt and Qatar agree to resume diplomatic ties, Cairo says"
242:
179:
143:
in 2013 against the Qatar-backed Islamist Egyptian president
87:
83:
63:
52:
1442:"Egyptian cenbank pays back $ 1 billion debt owed to Qatar"
1266:"Al Jazeera says long-held correspondent released in Egypt"
175:
964:
965:"Qatar's Emir arrives in Cairo to meet Egypt's President"
1072:
18 days: Al Jazeera English and the Egyptian Revolution
614:"Egypt Launches Airstrike in Libya Against ISIS Branch"
1372:"Qatari firms top list of investors in Arab countries"
178:
bastion in Libya following the beheading of Egyptian
1138:"Al-Jazeera suspends Egyptian channel Mubasher Misr"
135:
Strained relations in the post-Morsi era (2013–2021)
991:"Egypt, Qatar sign $ 5 billion in investment deals"
585:"Egypt, Qatar Accept Saudi Initiative to Mend Ties"
1215:"Egypt frees Al Jazeera journalist Ahmed al-Najdi"
402:. Basic Books; Reprint edition. pp. 131–132.
1374:. The Peninsula. 29 December 2015. Archived from
668:"Qatar recalls ambassador to Egypt over ISIL row"
395:
219:Resumption of diplomatic relations (2021–present)
2504:
786:"Qatar turns its back on the Muslim Brotherhood"
502:
338:
2141:
1491:
1295:"Egypt: journalist Hisham Abdelaziz released"
1075:. Amazon Digital Services, Inc. p. 283.
1041:
170:In February 2015, a month after the death of
662:
660:
636:
634:
450:"Qatar's new minimum wage enters into force"
396:El-nawawy, Mohammed; Iskander, Adel (2003).
93:
611:
2148:
2134:
1961:
1498:
1484:
1045:War and the Media: Reporting Conflict 24/7
1042:Thusu, Daya Kishan; Freedman, Des (2003).
342:Middle East Contemporary Survey: Volume 21
224:appointed the Qatari ambassador to Egypt.
657:
631:
193:
643:"Qatar rejects Egypt's war on terrorism"
105:
1525:
1117:
1068:
640:
612:Kirkpatrick, David (16 February 2015).
389:
364:
362:
334:
332:
330:
200:severance of their diplomatic relations
2505:
1048:. SAGE Publications Ltd. p. 157.
2129:
2068:
2040:
1960:
1524:
1479:
1288:
1286:
1099:. foreignpolicy.com. 19 February 2014
368:
292:
101:
359:
327:
503:Olivier Guitta (20 February 2006).
13:
2069:
1283:
163:Persian Gulf countries, primarily
121:February 1996 counter-coup attempt
14:
2534:
1793:
1459:
2157:
1947:
1507:
1118:El Deeb, Sarah (31 March 2014).
57:
46:
27:
1434:
1412:
1390:
1364:
1338:
1312:
1292:
1258:
1232:
1207:
1182:
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1111:
1089:
1062:
1035:
1009:
983:
957:
931:
906:
880:
854:
829:
803:
778:
752:
726:
704:
682:
641:Hussein, Walaa (1 March 2015).
605:
577:
549:
345:. Westview Press. p. 124.
692:. BBC Arabic. 19 February 2015
670:. Al Jazeera. 19 February 2015
521:
496:
468:
442:
416:
339:Maddy-weitzman, Bruce (1999).
313:
147:, in July of that year he was
110:The Qatari Embassy in Egypt's
1:
307:
300:During the one-year reign of
248:
2523:Bilateral relations of Qatar
2518:Bilateral relations of Egypt
2488:Diplomatic missions of Qatar
2041:
1400:. Reuters. 19 September 2013
1097:"Why Egypt Hates Al Jazeera"
90:. They first began in 1972.
7:
2080:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2012:Union for the Mediterranean
1422:. Reuters. 28 November 2014
209:Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
10:
2539:
2164:Foreign relations of Qatar
1514:Foreign relations of Egypt
125:Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
2480:
2464:
2398:
2267:
2231:
2170:
2075:
2064:
2047:
2036:
1970:
1956:
1945:
1923:
1904:
1786:
1655:
1609:
1538:
1534:
1520:
259:Hamad bin Jassim Al Thani
94:Diplomatic representation
69:
56:
45:
35:
26:
1466:Egyptian Embassy in Doha
232:Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
172:Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
131:that benefited workers.
1471:Qatari Embassy in Cairo
1069:Bridges, Scott (2013).
714:. BBC News. 4 June 2017
590:The Wall Street Journal
375:. Praeger. p. 46.
2092:Diplomatic missions of
1444:. Reuters. 1 July 2016
369:Fendy, Mamoun (2007).
194:2017 diplomatic crisis
115:
88:Arab Republic of Egypt
82:relations between the
2513:Egypt–Qatar relations
2052:Arab–Israeli conflict
764:Sputnik International
109:
76:Egypt–Qatar relations
22:Egypt–Qatar relations
2385:United Arab Emirates
2017:Non-Aligned Movement
1778:United Arab Emirates
1270:The Washington Times
517:on 17 February 2006.
239:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
2481:Diplomatic missions
1378:on 24 November 2016
1170:. 19 September 2019
510:The Weekly Standard
481:The Washington Post
321:"The era of reform"
149:removed from office
23:
18:Bilateral relations
2106:Egyptian diplomats
1144:. 23 December 2014
918:www.al-monitor.com
618:The New York Times
593:. 20 December 2014
565:. 30 December 2014
293:Economic relations
281:In December 2016,
236:Egyptian President
205:Muslim Brotherhood
157:Muslim Brotherhood
116:
102:Political disputes
21:
2500:
2499:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2101:Egyptian diaspora
2060:
2059:
2032:
2031:
2025:
1996:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1861:
1860:
1219:www.aljazeera.com
1021:Doha News | Qatar
892:Egypt Independent
841:www.aljazeera.com
817:. 21 January 2021
227:On 24 June 2022,
153:Yusuf al-Qaradawi
73:
72:
2530:
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2127:
2126:
2066:
2065:
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2019:
1982:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1791:
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1500:
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1007:
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1004:
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981:
980:
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976:
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945:. 17 August 2021
935:
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910:
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513:. Archived from
500:
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1326:. 3 August 2022
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1194:Middle East Eye
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997:. 29 March 2022
989:
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456:. 19 March 2021
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283:Mahmoud Hussein
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1853:Spain
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1723:Nepal
1703:Japan
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