1746:
289:
95:
792:
1800:
35:
that is derived from basic individual statistics: points, rebounds, assists, steals, blocks, turnovers, and shot attempts. In theory, efficiency accounts for both a player's offensive contributions (points and assists) and their defensive contributions (steals and blocks), but it is generally thought
164:
A PER of 15 is considered average across the entire league (not true of EFF), and serves as a simple benchmark against which any player may be quickly compared to indicate his approximate net worth to an NBA franchise. Teams intending to compete for the championship typically seek to enlist at least
77:
DPR (short for
Defensive Player Rating) is a stat that shows the Defensive prowess of a player showing their in game ability and defensive impact to their team by using a per game formula that equates for the amount of time spent on the court and taking into account position competition pace and era
161:. It is denoted as PER, and is derived by a very complex calculation designed to compensate for different teams' varying style of play, among other factors. PER scores do not differ markedly from EFF scores, but player rankings will not be the same in both systems.
168:
A PER of 30 over a span of more than a few games is considered exceptionally high. According to the modified PER formula used at
Basketball-Reference.com, the highest PER ever achieved over an entire single season in the
1118:
81:( (Player spg+ Player bpg) / team minutes played )-( times blown by * Pace of Players Era ) * Total Average of Possessions + ( Players DRTG * Team Pace ) / Total number of years played
248:, three players achieved this feat : Nikola Jokić (32.85), Giannis Antetokounmpo (32.05) and Joel Embiid (31.16). Jokić broke Chamberlain's record of 32.08, kept for 60 years.
55:
recorded officially by the league. Individual player efficiency is expressed there by a stat referred to as 'efficiency' and abbreviated EFF. It is derived by a simple formula:
66:
36:
that efficiency ratings favor offense-oriented players over those who specialize in defense, as defense is difficult to quantify with currently tabulated statistics.
2034:
1063:
1789:
531:
361:, and several European national domestic leagues, use a different type of formula to determine the ratings and efficiency of players, called the
185:
held the distinction of being the only player with a PER over 30 over an entire single season for 2½ decades, after having a PER of 31.84 in
354:
197:
with a PER of 31.71. Since then, Jordan repeated the accomplishment three more times, and the milestone has also since been eclipsed by
706:
310:
241:(four times). No PER statistics are available pre-1951–52 as the 'minutes played' statistic was first recorded during that season.
112:
678:
650:
606:
475:
1782:
1976:
1553:
450:
336:
134:
318:
853:
2060:
2004:
170:
2065:
1775:
1548:
314:
116:
860:
673:
1456:
507:
1068:
918:
688:
411:
391:
1984:
435:
27:, the most commonly used statistical benchmark for comparing the overall value of players is called
2024:
2009:
1989:
1724:
1594:
1461:
885:
739:
643:
455:
430:
362:
299:
278:
148:
1903:
1888:
1476:
1089:
762:
757:
395:
303:
155:
105:
1923:
1908:
1893:
1708:
1648:
1618:
1398:
1345:
1216:
1094:
895:
865:
837:
600:
576:
245:
194:
186:
178:
1961:
1956:
1918:
1872:
1803:
1756:
1568:
1113:
1055:
875:
822:
817:
777:
772:
729:
716:
614:"NBA Stats 101: Scoring Efficiency : Chauncey Billups, True Shooting & Skill Curves"
440:
403:
230:
52:
2019:
1951:
1946:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1558:
1441:
1408:
1370:
1255:
1195:
1103:
959:
519:
Manley loved statistics; his "efficiency index" is still used by the NBA to rate players...
375:
32:
1966:
8:
1852:
1827:
1628:
1589:
1308:
1108:
1036:
870:
800:
636:
383:
379:
202:
1862:
1857:
1832:
1686:
1525:
1380:
1139:
1134:
1084:
928:
848:
445:
407:
387:
371:
358:
555:
1867:
1750:
1691:
1623:
1436:
1178:
1166:
905:
827:
226:
261:
Highest career playoff player efficiency rating: Nikola Jokić (29.02) - still active
1999:
1994:
1658:
1643:
1633:
1505:
1418:
1277:
1153:
933:
182:
1822:
1729:
1653:
1466:
1393:
1183:
938:
265:
1161:
485:
234:
174:
1584:
1451:
1428:
988:
923:
880:
767:
724:
258:
Highest single-season player efficiency rating: Nikola Jokić (32.85 in 2021–22)
198:
190:
158:
613:
2054:
1938:
1696:
1637:
1413:
1403:
1272:
1026:
1014:
1009:
913:
222:
218:
206:
1767:
2014:
1817:
1665:
1563:
1540:
1515:
1388:
1019:
214:
1510:
1500:
1471:
1340:
1324:
1233:
1188:
993:
983:
425:
238:
210:
65:
The formula was created by Kansas City sports reporter and statistician
1928:
1913:
1898:
1703:
1446:
1245:
1211:
890:
752:
659:
577:"NBA & ABA Career Leaders and Records for Player Efficiency Rating"
399:
350:
119: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
20:
165:
two star players with high efficiency ratings above the low twenties.
1262:
1250:
1240:
1173:
967:
812:
288:
94:
1365:
1267:
1221:
747:
1670:
621:
480:
16:
Statistic for comparing the overall value of a basketball player
2039:
60:(PTS + REB + AST + STL + BLK − Missed FG − Missed FT - TO) / GP
1799:
1228:
791:
628:
255:
Highest career player efficiency rating: Nikola Jokić (27.92)
696:
152:
701:
264:
Highest single-season playoff player efficiency rating:
147:
The most commonly used alternative to the EFF is the
2052:
78:as well as other factors. This is the formula:
1797:
1783:
644:
317:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1790:
1776:
651:
637:
508:"The sportswriter who blogged his suicide"
51:The NBA publishes online all of the basic
337:Learn how and when to remove this message
272:
135:Learn how and when to remove this message
1204:
2053:
251:Player efficiency rating NBA records:
1771:
1333:
632:
505:
189:. No other player surpassed 30 until
315:adding citations to reliable sources
282:
117:adding citations to reliable sources
88:
532:"What is Player Efficiency Rating?"
13:
14:
2077:
620:. September 11, 2019 – via
594:
451:Advanced statistics in basketball
1798:
1744:
790:
287:
93:
2005:Effective field goal percentage
506:Gross, Doug (August 23, 2013).
104:needs additional citations for
658:
569:
548:
524:
499:
468:
1:
1924:3-point field goal percentage
603:from Basketball-Reference.com
476:"Efficiency: The Daily Recap"
461:
1909:3-point field goal attempted
607:Efficiency (EFF) leaderboard
7:
1882:Field goal & free throw
419:
10:
2082:
579:. Basketball-Reference.com
558:. Basketball-Reference.com
276:
1985:Offense efficiency rating
1975:
1937:
1881:
1810:
1738:
1717:
1679:
1611:
1577:
1539:
1524:
1493:
1427:
1379:
1358:
1317:
1301:
1294:
1152:
1127:
1077:
1054:
1035:
1002:
976:
958:
951:
904:
836:
808:
799:
788:
738:
715:
687:
666:
601:Career efficiency leaders
436:Offense efficiency rating
2025:Performance Index Rating
2010:True shooting percentage
1990:Player efficiency rating
866:Time line (8/10 seconds)
456:True shooting percentage
431:Player efficiency rating
363:performance index rating
279:Performance Index Rating
149:player efficiency rating
1894:3-point field goal made
156:basketball statistician
2061:Basketball terminology
1709:Chuck Taylor All-Stars
273:EuroLeague and EuroCup
84:
72:
46:
39:
2066:Basketball statistics
1929:Free throw percentage
1919:Field goal percentage
1804:Basketball statistics
1757:Outline of basketball
1751:Basketball portal
730:Protocol of Stockholm
441:Basketball statistics
231:Giannis Antetokounmpo
53:basketball statistics
1914:Free throw attempted
1904:Field goal attempted
1256:Backboard shattering
311:improve this section
113:improve this article
33:basketball statistic
31:. It is a composite
1977:Advanced statistics
871:Basket interference
618:Thinking Basketball
446:Fantasy basketball
246:2021–22 NBA season
2048:
2047:
1765:
1764:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1489:
1488:
1354:
1353:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1148:
1147:
1119:100-point scorers
1050:
1049:
947:
946:
828:Trent Tucker Rule
786:
785:
679:Index of articles
674:Glossary of terms
556:"Calculating PER"
357:competition, the
355:second-tier level
347:
346:
339:
237:(four times) and
227:Russell Westbrook
145:
144:
137:
2073:
2000:Defensive rating
1995:Offensive rating
1962:Quintuple-double
1957:Quadruple-double
1802:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1595:Triangle-and-two
1522:
1521:
1506:Full-court press
1377:
1376:
1331:
1330:
1299:
1298:
1202:
1201:
1075:
1074:
974:
973:
956:
955:
934:Three-point play
806:
805:
794:
685:
684:
653:
646:
639:
630:
629:
625:
588:
587:
585:
584:
573:
567:
566:
564:
563:
552:
546:
545:
543:
542:
528:
522:
521:
516:
515:
503:
497:
496:
494:
493:
484:. Archived from
472:
415:
342:
335:
331:
328:
322:
291:
283:
203:Shaquille O'Neal
183:Wilt Chamberlain
140:
133:
129:
126:
120:
97:
89:
61:
19:In professional
2081:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2035:Player tracking
1971:
1933:
1899:Free throw made
1889:Field goal made
1877:
1806:
1796:
1766:
1761:
1745:
1743:
1734:
1713:
1675:
1599:
1573:
1535:
1520:
1485:
1467:Grinnell System
1423:
1375:
1350:
1329:
1313:
1282:
1200:
1144:
1123:
1073:
1069:Winning streaks
1064:Player tracking
1046:
1031:
998:
972:
943:
939:Four-point play
900:
832:
795:
782:
734:
711:
683:
662:
657:
612:
597:
592:
591:
582:
580:
575:
574:
570:
561:
559:
554:
553:
549:
540:
538:
536:Washington Post
530:
529:
525:
513:
511:
504:
500:
491:
489:
474:
473:
469:
464:
422:
412:Fouls Committed
369:
343:
332:
326:
323:
308:
292:
281:
275:
268:(38.96 in 1988)
266:Hakeem Olajuwon
233:(three times),
205:(three times),
141:
130:
124:
121:
110:
98:
87:
75:
59:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2079:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1689:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1641:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1459:
1457:Cherry picking
1454:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1399:UCLA High Post
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1158:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1081:
1079:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
991:
986:
980:
978:
971:
970:
964:
962:
953:
949:
948:
945:
944:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
910:
908:
902:
901:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
881:Double dribble
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
857:
856:
851:
842:
840:
834:
833:
831:
830:
825:
820:
815:
809:
803:
797:
796:
789:
787:
784:
783:
781:
780:
775:
770:
768:Three-on-three
765:
760:
755:
750:
744:
742:
736:
735:
733:
732:
727:
725:James Naismith
721:
719:
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
693:
691:
682:
681:
676:
670:
668:
667:General topics
664:
663:
656:
655:
648:
641:
633:
627:
626:
610:
604:
596:
595:External links
593:
590:
589:
568:
547:
523:
498:
466:
465:
463:
460:
459:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
421:
418:
417:
416:
408:Shots Rejected
345:
344:
295:
293:
286:
277:Main article:
274:
271:
270:
269:
262:
259:
256:
217:(four times),
199:David Robinson
191:Michael Jordan
159:John Hollinger
143:
142:
101:
99:
92:
86:
83:
74:
71:
63:
62:
48:
45:
41:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2078:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1952:Triple-double
1950:
1948:
1947:Double-double
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
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1880:
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1851:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1823:Games started
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1730:Trading cards
1728:
1726:
1725:List of films
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1697:Finger sleeve
1695:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1638:Breakaway rim
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
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1532:
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1502:
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1468:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1442:Dribble drive
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1414:Pick and roll
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
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1367:
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1357:
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1332:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1273:Buzzer beater
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1242:
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1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1114:50–40–90 club
1112:
1110:
1107:
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67:Martin Manley
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2015:Rebound rate
1967:Five-by-five
1818:Games played
1742:
1516:Jordan Rules
1409:Four corners
617:
609:from NBA.com
581:. Retrieved
571:
560:. Retrieved
550:
539:. Retrieved
535:
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512:. Retrieved
501:
490:. Retrieved
486:the original
479:
470:
394:) - (Missed
348:
333:
324:
309:Please help
297:
250:
243:
235:Nikola Jokić
215:LeBron James
175:Nikola Jokić
167:
163:
146:
131:
125:January 2020
122:
111:Please help
106:verification
103:
80:
76:
64:
50:
43:
28:
22:
21:
18:
1590:Box-and-one
1511:Hack-a-Shaq
1501:Double team
1472:Nellie Ball
1462:Run and gun
1325:Shootaround
1278:Uncontested
1234:Finger roll
1189:Back screen
886:Goaltending
426:NBA records
400:Free Throws
396:Field Goals
392:Fouls Drawn
327:August 2013
239:Joel Embiid
211:Dwyane Wade
2055:Categories
2030:Efficiency
1704:Air Jordan
1654:Half court
1526:Man-to-man
1477:Small ball
1447:Fast break
1381:Continuity
1246:Posterized
1212:Free throw
1090:Field goal
1056:Statistics
891:Shot clock
845:3 seconds
838:Violations
778:Wheelchair
773:Six-on-six
763:Twenty-one
758:One-on-one
753:Streetball
740:Variations
660:Basketball
583:2013-08-24
562:2013-08-24
541:2020-09-27
514:2013-08-24
492:2010-12-11
462:References
351:EuroLeague
29:efficiency
23:basketball
1847:Defensive
1842:Offensive
1619:Backboard
1612:Equipment
1437:Princeton
1263:Hook shot
1251:Alley-oop
1241:Slam dunk
1217:Jump shot
1174:Euro step
1167:Crossover
968:Sixth man
960:Positions
952:Game play
924:Technical
896:Traveling
861:5 seconds
818:Officials
813:Jump ball
404:Turnovers
398:+ Missed
298:does not
221:(twice),
1873:Turnover
1680:Clothing
1569:Match-up
1419:Triangle
1366:Ball hog
1318:Practice
1309:Playbook
1295:Strategy
1268:Air ball
1222:Fadeaway
1205:Shooting
1196:Slashing
989:Shooting
919:Personal
914:Flagrant
876:Carrying
823:Turnover
748:Slamball
420:See also
376:Rebounds
2020:Economy
1939:Doubles
1838:Rebound
1687:Uniform
1671:Whistle
1549:1–2–1–1
1494:Defense
1394:Shuffle
1371:Gravity
1359:Offense
1302:General
1162:Dribble
1128:Defense
1104:Rebound
1078:Offense
1020:Stretch
1003:Forward
854:Defense
849:Offense
717:History
689:Leagues
622:YouTube
481:NBA.com
380:Assists
365:(PIR):
359:EuroCup
319:removed
304:sources
244:In the
195:1987–88
187:1962–63
179:2021–22
2040:Tendex
1853:Assist
1828:Minute
1692:Sleeve
1629:Basket
1585:Amoeba
1578:Hybrid
1429:Motion
1334:Drills
1184:Screen
1109:Assist
1037:Center
388:Blocks
384:Steals
372:Points
353:, its
1863:Block
1858:Steal
1833:Point
1811:Basic
1718:Media
1649:Glass
1644:Court
1554:1–3–1
1404:Wheel
1341:Mikan
1229:Layup
1154:Moves
1140:Steal
1135:Block
1085:Point
1027:Point
1015:Power
1010:Small
994:Combo
984:Point
977:Guard
929:Bonus
906:Fouls
801:Rules
510:. CNN
1868:Foul
1624:Ball
1564:Line
1541:Zone
1389:Flex
1179:Flop
697:FIBA
349:The
302:any
300:cite
153:ESPN
1666:Net
1659:Key
1634:Rim
1559:2–3
1452:Fly
1346:Tip
707:AAU
702:NBA
313:by
193:in
177:in
171:NBA
115:by
85:PER
73:DPR
47:EFF
40:NBA
2057::
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