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Arikara village, a skirmish broke out and one of the trappers was killed. Rose returned to camp and delivered a report to Ashley. Although some among the expedition wanted vengeance, Ashley resolved to wait overnight in the camp. The next morning, Arikara warriors attacked the camp and opened fire on the trappers, killing 15 and wounding 9, forcing the expedition to flee downriver. With these losses, and facing insolvency, the expedition had to be abandoned.
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Indians. The year prior, two
Arikara warriors had been murdered by members of another fur trading company, leading them to distrust Ashley's expedition. For two days, the groups maintained distance and avoided conflict, but when a few members of Ashley's expedition, including Rose, ventured into the
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ended without success, Hunt suspected Rose had been disloyal and blamed him for the failure. Hunt offered Rose half a year's pay, a horse, three beaver traps, and other goods to leave the expedition. After Rose left, Hunt's party lost their course in the
Bighorn mountains. Despite the tensions that
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fur business. Hunt knew about Rose's history of theft and desertion on prior expeditions and took precautions to prevent Rose from derailing his mission. Hunt initially designated guards to protect their goods against theft, but eventually became more concerned with the risk of Rose involving other
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tribe. The Crow were in disarray, with some among their ranks having abandoned the fight and others preparing to follow suit. Rose purportedly grabbed two shields, an axe, and a knife and charged at the
Hidatsa fort. His shield was struck by three bullets, and Rose fell momentarily, but soon got up
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In the following years, Rose lived in the Omaha village, where he married the chief's daughter. He enjoyed an elevated social standing within the tribe due to his prosperity following the expedition with Hunt. During these years in Omaha village, Rose fathered two children. He became an alcoholic,
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Much of Rose's early life is obscure, but it is known that "he was a half breed" and "his color was not far from that of the savage; black hair, changeable eyes, and a fiendish expression of countenance, when he chose it, with a little paint, gave him the appearance of a natural born Indian."
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and, when intoxicated, was known to instigate fights. This eventually caused problems for both the Omaha and the traders, so he was arrested and sent to St. Louis. After his release, Rose travelled back to New
Orleans, returned to the Crow, and stayed with them for close to ten years.
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During his time with the Crow, Rose was trading Lisa's goods for favours from the tribe. Upon his return to camp, likely in July 1808, Rose came into conflict with Lisa over the misuse of trade goods, leading to a physical altercation between the two men. Expedition member
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and resumed combat. He killed three men with his axe and wounded two others who died soon thereafter, for which he earned a new nickname, "The Five Scalps". Rose was viewed as a fierce, brave, and fearless warrior by the Crow after this encounter.
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Camp,Charles L., Editor. (1960) "James Clyman, Frontiersman, The
Adventures Of A Trapper and Covered-Wagon Emigrant As Told In His Own Reminiscences And Diaries." Definitive Edition Published by the Champoeg Press, Portland,
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and working on behalf of commercial fur trapping expeditions funded by
Eastern companies. His position at the intersection of these cultures made him a sought-after facilitator of communication and exchange of goods.
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In the years that followed, Rose was equally content to live among the Crow or among mountain men, meeting with both groups to work as an explorer and trapper. Later in 1809, Rose worked for Lisa's partner
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Holmes, Reuben, CAPT., U.S.A.(1938) "THE FIVE SCALPS." Glimpses Of The Past; Missouri
Historical Society. Vol. V, Jan-Mar, Numbers 1-3. St. Louis, Jefferson Memorial.
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261:. Henry employed Rose as an interpreter through the Crow territory for a few years during expeditions through Montana and into some parts of
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to lead a party, in which Rose served as a guide and interpreter. They traveled northwest in 1823-1824 along a route that would become the
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After this failure, Ashley decided to pursue a land route to find fur in the mountains, instead of a path along the
Arikara-controlled
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attempted to intervene, but it reportedly took ten or fifteen men to prevent Rose from firing on the fleeing Lisa with a
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Valley. Rose facilitated horse trading along the way, and successfully negotiated with the Crows for passage through
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had led to his departure, Rose reappeared in the following days and helped them reorient and find the proper path.
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Rose got his first job in the trapping industry in 1807. He was hired as an interpreter for an expedition to the
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During his brief stay at the Crow village, the tribe was involved in a small battle against the neighbouring
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Holmes, p. 11 (Rose knew "the stage effect" of scaring and impressing people with "supposed" breeding)
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The scars and visible signs of his brawling inspired the Crow to call him Nez Coupé, or "Cut Nose."
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In 1823, Rose was hired again as an interpreter for an expedition led by
William Ashley to the
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678:↑ Jr, Donald Grinde (2007-01-18). "Edward Rose (c. 1780- c. 1833) •". Retrieved 2020-02-21.
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658:"Hugh Glass - Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)"
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The Fate of the Corps: What Became of the Lewis and Clark
Explorers After the Expedition
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that was intended to take them from Fort Cass, at the mouth of the Bighorn River, to
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Indians, adopting their heritage, language, religions, and customs. He grew up near
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Sweet Freedom's Plains: African Americans on the Overland Trails, 1841–1869
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A Life Wild and Perilous: Mountain Men and the Paths to the Pacific
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After a days-long trading negotiation with a group of Crows at
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Rose died during the winter of 1832-1833. He was accompanying
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hired Rose to join an expedition. Hunt was trying to expand
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426:(NED - New ed.). University of Minnesota Press.
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Historians believe that he worked along parts of the
542:"The Bozeman Trail before John Bozeman: A Busy Land"
124:(b. circa 1780-1788, d. 1833) was an early American
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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350:and Hilain Menard on a journey on behalf of the
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177:As a young man, Rose travelled to the city of
16:American fur trapper, explorer and interpreter
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
546:Montana: The Magazine of Western History
460:Moore, Shirley Ann Wilson (2016-10-20).
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212:under the command of American explorer
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580:"Edward Rose - American Black History"
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423:American Studies in a Moment of Danger
407:"Edward Rose - American Black History"
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378:Camp p. 18 (Clyman's diary)
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540:Utley, Robert M. (2003).
504:. Yale University Press.
498:MORRIS, LARRY E. (2004).
420:Lipsitz, George (2001).
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142:Native American tribes
700:American fur traders
352:American Fur Company
200:Rose and Manuel Lisa
172:Louisville, Kentucky
43:improve this article
181:while working as a
442:10.5749/j.ctttthxm
279:John Jacob Astor's
158:, ranging between
616:978-0-8050-5989-2
511:978-0-300-10265-9
473:978-0-8061-5686-6
433:978-0-8166-3948-9
360:Yellowstone River
287:Crazy Woman Creek
275:Wilson Price Hunt
269:Wilson Price Hunt
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156:Mississippi River
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41:Please help
36:verification
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710:1833 deaths
662:www.nps.gov
638:www.mman.us
520:j.ctt1npkqh
336:Green River
318:. He hired
214:Manuel Lisa
179:New Orleans
164:New Orleans
138:interpreter
122:Edward Rose
715:Crow tribe
694:Categories
667:2020-06-20
643:2020-02-21
589:2020-02-21
366:References
356:Fort Union
348:Hugh Glass
332:South Pass
328:Wind River
234:swivel gun
230:John Potts
149:Early life
69:newspapers
558:0026-9891
273:In 1811,
186:deckhand
183:keelboat
160:Illinois
126:explorer
99:May 2020
683:Oregon.
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334:to the
308:Arikara
246:Hidatsa
210:Wyoming
130:trapper
83:scholar
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342:Death
263:Idaho
134:guide
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76:books
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168:Crow
162:and
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