Economy of Wales - Knowledge

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this, £33.4 billion was "identifiable" expenditure on Wales, £4.6 billion was "non-identifiable" spending attributed to Wales but spent centrally in the UK, £1.2 billion was spent outside the UK. This brings the total annual spend not directly benefiting Wales to £5.9 billion. The remaining £3.7 billion was an accounting adjustment largely due to depreciation.

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additional £200 million in Lancashire (from 39% to 79.2% locally retained spend) compared to 2012/13. The results of this spend included 4,000 more employees earning the "Real Living Wage", and a reduction in unemployment from 6.5% in 2013 to 3.1% in 2017. Another report says that productivity and median income have increased and deprivation has decreased.

2404:. In 2002, nearly 13 million trips of one night or more were made in Wales, generating expenditure of £1.8 billion. Of these trips, 11.9 million were made by UK residents and 0.9 million by overseas visitors. Cardiff is the most popular destination for visitors to Wales, with 11.7 million visitors in 2006. 568:, the UK government announced in April 2022 that the EU structural funds would be replaced with the UK Shared Prosperity Fund (UKSPF). The Welsh Government has criticised the total sum of £632 million over 2020 to 2023 funding allocated to Wales, stating that Wales is being underfunded by £1.1 billion by the UK government. 1538: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1542: 2604:

report predicted, with June being the most likely time for tourism from other countries to begin a rebound. On 12 April 2021, many tourist facilities were still closed in Wales but non-essential travel between Wales and England was finally permitted. Wales also allowed non-essential retail stores to open.

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The GDP per head for Wales was €23,200, which was 84% of the EU average of €26,600, whereas for the UK as a whole this figure was 118%. The NUTS3 region of Wales with the highest GDP per head was Cardiff & Vale of Glamorgan with 114% of the EU average, and the NUTS3 region with the lowest GDP per

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affected all sectors of the economy and "tourism and hospitality suffered notable losses from the pandemic" across the UK. As of 6 April 2021, visitors from "red list" countries were still not allowed to enter unless they were UK residents. Restrictions will "likely be in place until the summer", one

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The total value of international exports from Wales in 2015 was estimated at £12.2 billion (2014: £13.4 billion). The top five exporting industries in 2013 were power generating machinery £4.0 billion (2013: £4.2 billion), petroleum, petroleum products & related materials £2.6 billion (2013: £3.8

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in January 2023 criticising both the Welsh government and UK government economic policies for Wales. They note that Wales had one of the weakest economies of the UK prior to devolution. They also noted views that the UK government remained in control of macro-economic powers; lacked regional economic

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Employment rate in Wales was 64.9% in April-June 1992 and increased to a peak of 75.0% during those months in 2019 and 72.7% in 2022. In 2022 a total of 1,455,800 people were in employment in Wales. Of these, 441,000 people were employed in the public sector (30.5%) and 1,006,300 were employed in the

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remains as a major integrated steelmaking plant. Pro Steel Engineering is a steel specialist company based in Wales operating internationally. The company has delivered high-profile work, including collaborative projects such as the London Olympic Stadium Transformation and ICC Wales’ 22 tonne steel

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The number of small and medium sized enterprises (SME) in Wales declined during 2021 and 37% of Welsh SME respondents said that they had been significantly affected by increasing costs in the fourth quarter of 2021. The Size Analysis of Active Businesses in Wales report estimated that 723,500 people

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Creo Medical, based in Chepstow, is an emerging Medical Technology company is developing medical technologies with the aim of substantially benefiting the medical community and vastly improving the outcomes of a range of medical procedures. RotoMedical has emerged as a leading Welsh manufacturer of

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The St Athans Aston Martin plant in South Wales created 750 new jobs in 2016. It had a series of recruitment events in South Wales that gained over 3,000 applications. The first technicians were recruited to work on the new DB11 at Aston Martin's Gaydon Headquarters, training for the highly-skilled

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or the Preston Model has been suggested as a model for Wales which says, "retaining more civic wealth within a locality can boost growth and economic resilience in that particular area". In 2016/17, anchor institutions of Preston spent an additional £74 million on procurement in the Preston area an

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In 2018, the annual production of electricity in Wales was 30.2 TWh and consumed 14.9 TWh, which means that Wales generates twice as much electricity as it consumes and is a net exporter of electricity to England, Ireland and Europe. In the same year, 25% was from renewable sources, up from 22% in

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Total public expenditure in Wales was £19.6 billion in 1999/2000 increasing to £54.6 billion in 2020/2021. The total identifiable expenditure in Wales in 2020/21 was £45 billion, with £9.6 billion not being spent directly in Wales. In 2018/19, the managed expenditure of Wales was £43.0 billion. Of

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Wales is one of the few countries in the world where you must travel through another country when traveling from the capital to the furtherst point of that country, with nearly all line going East to West, rather than north–south. Rail infrastructure is not devolved to Wales; Wales has 11% of the

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In November 2008, the average price of a house in Wales was £126,181, a fall of 11.7% since the previous year. As of 2022 the average house price in Wales is around £251,000. The average house price in England and Wales as a whole was £161,883. In August 2008, average house prices in Wales ranged

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and the UK government has announced that this funding is being replaced by the UK Shared Prosperity Fund, although the Welsh Government has suggested that Wales is receiving less money. Wales has a negative fiscal balance, although all countries and regions of the UK also had a fiscal deficit in

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employment in sectors such as finance and research and development, attributable in part to a comparative lack of 'economic mass' (i.e. population) – Wales lacks a large metropolitan centre. The lack of high value-added employment is reflected in lower economic output per head relative to other

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showed that the bank made 243 investment transactions, totalling £28m and associated with around 760 new, safeguarded jobs. During the 2021 calendar year, the value of exported Welsh goods exports increased by 12.4% to £15.2 billion and value of good imports increased by 13.2% to £16.1 billion.

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In 2003, agriculture contributed £418 million to Welsh GVA, or 1.1% (including subsidies). 1.6m hectares (around 77% of Wales' total land area) is used for agricultural production and an estimated 57,500 people are directly employed in the sector. Farming is dominated by beef,

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rates to stimulate investment and growth, was only effective in the very specific demographic and historical circumstances of Ireland in the late 1980s and 1990s. They suggest that such a policy in Wales' very different economic context would not only require political

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services to most of Wales and parts of western England that border Wales. In total, it serves around 1.4 million households and businesses and around three million people - and supplies nearly 830 million litres (180 million gallons) of drinking water per day.

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Specific issues for lack of economic development include low skills; relatively low urbanisation; weak infrastructure connectivity; low Small and Medium Sized Enterprise (SME) equity with low demand and poor supply; lack of dynamic private sector leadership.

The percentage of people living in relative income poverty in Wales was 27% during 1994-95 to 1996-97. Since then it has dropped to 21% during multiple periods, but currently stands at 23% during the 2017-18 to 2019-20 period, with the UK average at 22%.

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have some of the largest proportions of people in the UK not working due to long-term illness or disability, though some believe that in reality many people classified as "unable to work" through sickness are low-skilled workers encouraged to exit the

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and lower unemployment than the Spanish average. The authors say that this was achieved by using a strategy focused on industry over multiple decades with "close co-operation among all levels of government and between the public and private sectors".

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project with an offer to invest £200 million; the project would see the world's largest tidal hydro-electricity plant. However, in June 2018, the UK Government refused to back the plan due to it being shown to be not viable by an independent report.

1715:. 92% of Welsh fishing vessels are designated small-scale. The minor role that the Welsh industry holds is largely due to its geographical isolation, weak distribution networks and the demise of the Wales distant-water fleet from the 1960s onwards. 2873:. Cardiff is the primary location for service sector activities in Wales, with 26% of Welsh service sector output and 22% of Welsh service sector employment, compared to 19% of all employment in Wales. North east Wales benefits from proximity to 4040:"Percentage of all individuals, children, working-age adults and pensioners living in relative income poverty for the UK, UK countries and regions of England between 1994-95 to 1996-97 and 2017-18 to 2019-20 (3 year averages of financial years)" 1767:

sector in Wales has seen above average growth; however in 2005 its share of GVA was small compared with most other regions of the UK. Wales does not have a favourable occupational structure, and a relatively high proportion of jobs are in

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Despite being the third smallest economy in the UK it typically has the largest absolute deficit, requiring borrowing by the UK to fund with disproportionate liability falling on taxpayers elsewhere in the UK to service the debt.

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policy; and a lack of devolution to the Welsh government to make a real difference. They also note the view of some that the historic exploitation of Wales and its treatment as an economic periphery plays have implications today.

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The food and drink sector is classed as a priority economic sector in Wales. It involves 170,000 people that contribute to gross sales of £17.3 billion. The largest private sector employer is the Cardiff brewer and pub owner

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In 2017, the Welsh Government announced a target of meeting 70% of Wales’ electricity demand from Welsh renewable electricity sources by 2030. By 2018, Wales generated over 3,864 MW renewable energy from 68,728 projects.

3865: 3989: 1539: 1532:(these wings are assembled in China) and the A400M (assembled in Filton). General Electric (GE) on Caerphilly Road, Nantgarw in Wales handles the world's largest and most fuel efficient aviation engine, GE9X. 1564: 2853:

Average earnings and employment vary considerably across Wales. They are both generally higher in east Wales, especially in urban areas, but lower in south west Wales and the Valleys, although earnings in

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became a public airport. The UK Government's Treasury has repeatedly refused Welsh Government calls to devolve Air Passenger Duty, as doing so would give Cardiff Airport an advantage over Bristol Airport.

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GDP per head in Wales at current market prices has increased from £12,810 in 1998 to a peak of £27,274 in 2022. This compares to the UK averages of £17,073 in 1998, £34,424 in 2019 and £32,141 in 2020.

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billion), Iron & Steel £1.288 billion (2013: £1.3 billion), electric machinery £0.69 billion (2013: £0.7 billion), and professional and scientific services £0.346 billion (2013: £0.353 billion).

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Jonathan Bradbury and Andrew Davies suggest that Wales' economic performance has not progressed under devolution with weakness in Welsh government strategy and policy and that the dissolution of the

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A significant part of the earnings (and value added per job) variations within Wales are due to structural factors such as economic mass and occupational mix rather than like-for-like lower pay or

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The gross disposable household income in Wales per head was £9,402 in 1997 (87.4% of UK average) reaching its highest level ever in the most recent figure in 2020 of £17,592 (82.1% of UK average).

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and the United States constitute the largest markets for Wales's exports. Recently, with the high rates of growth in many emerging economies of southeast Asia and the Middle East such as China,

3893: 5273: 1483:(NHS). Though the public system dominates healthcare provision, private health care and a wide variety of alternative and complementary treatments are available for those willing to pay. 2862:, which are still centres of skilled manufacturing employment, are relatively high. In north and north west Wales, earnings are low but the employment rates are above the Welsh average. 1528:

Today Airbus Broughton employs over 6,500 people, mostly in manufacturing roles. The site is responsible for the wing assembly for all Airbus aircraft, with the exception of the Chinese

2885:. The Valleys and the western areas of Wales have less economic mass and are more distant from major economic centres. These are some of the poorest regions in Europe and qualify for 4014: 5833: 3724: 2897:

Many parts of Wales suffered from a continuous decline in heavy industry over the 20th century, culminating in the virtual disappearance of coal-mining in the 1980s. The demise of '

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rail network of Wales and England and 5.3% of the population, however the income received from Westminster in 2019-20 was 1.6%. In 2021 there were no electrified lines in Wales.

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regions of the UK – in 2002 it stood at 90 per cent of the EU25 average and around 80 per cent of the UK average. In June 2008, Wales became the first nation to be awarded

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PPE and medical equipment. The company produces specifically industrial gauges, ultrasonic level transmitters, temperature probes and pressure measurement equipment.

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has been suggested as a comparative economic model which like Wales, is a post-industrial area. The Basque country's GDP per person has increased from 70% of the

1000: 1796:, due to the small size of towns and cities in Wales compared to regions within the UK and small countries. Wales like Northern Ireland has relatively few high 7443: 1471:. NHS Wales provides healthcare to all permanent residents that is free at the point of need and paid for from general taxation. Health is a matter that is 1302:

is a national Welsh investment bank that was founded by the Welsh Government. It invests in businesses, particularly start ups by providing growth capital.

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In 2021/22, public spending per person in Wales was £13,401. This compares with £13,881 in Scotland, £14,062 in Northern Ireland and £11,549 in England.

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still tends to be higher than the Welsh average and economic inactivity (a form of hidden unemployment) continues to be a major problem in these areas.

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Education in Wales differs in certain respects from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom. For example, a significant minority of students all over

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The outdoor areas of restaurants and pubs would reopen on 26 April 2021. Gyms, leisure centres and fitness facilities were to stay closed until 4 May.

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In 2021, the Welsh government said that more than half the country's energy needs were being met by renewable sources, 2 percent of which was from 363

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sector accounting for 10% of agricultural output. Average farm size is 30–40 hectares, small by UK standards, and dominated by family-run enterprises.

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Welsh Assembly Government: Review of Evidence to Inform the Development of the National Housing Strategy Final Report. Tribal Group, August 2008

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is the smallest in the UK, with about 1,000 full-time and 400 part-time fishermen. Commercial fishing in Wales employs approximately 600 people

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and that growth strategy should not be focused only on cities. Plaid Cymru have also argued that economic dividend can only be achieved with

4873: 7000: 4830: 5840: 7718: 7426: 6744: 6301: 5035: 4338: 6261: 5973: 1003:(the Holtham Commission) which looked at funding devolved public services in Wales, and possible alternative mechanisms. In 2011, the 6521: 5865: 3840:"Written Statement: Loss of funding to Wales as a result of the UK Government's arrangements for replacement EU funding (4 May 2022)" 3753:"The "Fiscal Deficit" in Wales: why it does not represent an accurate picture of the opening public finances of an Independent Wales" 1723:

The retail sector is the largest private sector employer in Wales. The sector has 114,000 employees which accounts for 6.0% of Welsh

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in the economy is to help create a stable and favourable business environment, promote skills and innovation (through for example

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The Welsh government budget as allocated by the UK government in 2020/21 was £20.1 billion, increasing to £24 billion in 2023-24.

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and Singapore, there has been a drive towards marketing Welsh products and manufactured goods in these countries, with China and

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In 2014, over 10 million domestic trips of one night or more were made in Wales, generating expenditure of £1.7 billion.

7331: 4739: 2886: 1698: 1210: 4422: 1368: 7541: 7082: 6622: 4186: 5188: 5155: 4925: 1475:, and considerable differences are now developing between the public healthcare systems in the different countries of the 6148: 6064: 4163: 2901:' industries left a legacy of high unemployment, and although unemployment has declined in recent years, unemployment in 1126: 3666: 7846: 7109: 6505: 6493: 5711: 4861: 1055: 579:

was £13.7 billion in 2016/17, £14.3 billion in 2017/18 and £13.5 billion in 2018/19. Later figures are affected by the

550: 7776: 7227: 6678: 6317: 6224: 6219: 5932: 5382: 4805: 2686: 2509: 2479: 1492: 1354:: in 2014/15, 15.7% of children and young people received Welsh-medium education – a drop from the 15.9% in 2010/11. 1306:

is a proposed national Welsh community bank currently under development and aimed to be operating in Wales by 2023.

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average in 1985 to being close the average in 2019. The Basque country has had 118% GDP per capita compared to the

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2020/21. The Gross Value Added in Wales has increased since 1998, but per head remains lower than the UK average.

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It is too early to say which countries will be on the green list when non-essential international travel resumes

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and John Lovering, another Cardiff academic, claimed that Cooke's argument that a more powerful Assembly was a

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From 2010 to 2018, Welsh researchers accounted for 4% of UK publications and 0.3% of global scholarly output.

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Wales's citation impact has risen to 1.8. This is 80% above the global average and 13% above the UK average.

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Many major English cities, however, have direct rail connections to Wales. The South Wales coast as far as

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suggested that the lack of tax varying powers in Wales was a major reason why Wales did not have its own

1007:(the Silk Commission) was set up to review the case for the devolution of fiscal powers. This led to the 495: 5359: 5068: 4987: 4369: 8064: 8016: 7908: 7903: 7704: 7217: 6800: 6729: 6639: 6214: 6016: 5705:"One Wales: Connecting the Nation, The Wales Transport Strategy, Welsh Assembly Government, April 2008" 5569:"Covid-19 impact on the Tourism and Hospitality Sector, an insight from the latest Economic Commentary" 3363: 2902: 2674: 1793: 1727:(gross value added). The retail sector in Wales is considered highly valuable by the Welsh government. 1098:

in manufacturing by substituting new jobs in the public sector, making Wales increasingly dependent on

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Welsh Assembly Government (2007) Rural Development Plan for Wales, 2007 – 2013: The Strategic Approach

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According to the Welsh Government's economic development strategy published in 2005, the role of the

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industry with over 130 North American and 35 Japanese companies establishing operations in Wales.

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expenditure in Wales has also increased over the same period. Wales has received funding from the

8026: 7988: 7606: 7438: 7433: 7411: 7237: 7099: 7087: 7067: 7007: 6995: 6617: 6459: 6449: 6441: 6396: 6334: 6271: 6239: 6054: 4951: 4877: 4307: 3725:"Country and regional public sector finances expenditure tables - Office for National Statistics" 2670: 2650: 2494: 2434: 2414: 1821: 1802: 1480: 1011:, which devolved a range of provisions to the National Assembly, including powers over taxation. 4837: 4470: 7968: 7212: 7167: 6980: 6861: 6612: 6587: 6570: 6381: 3614: 2822: 2746: 1659: 1515: 1394: 1382: 1373: 1277: 1258: 443: 435:, and encompasses the production and consumption of goods, services and the supply of money in 83: 5036:"Global vision see Port Talbot manufacturer set sights on life science market | Life Sciences" 4630:"The real questions about the UK government's decision to cancel the Swansea Bay Tidal Lagoon" 3606: 7938: 7898: 7878: 7858: 7761: 7616: 7531: 7463: 7421: 7383: 7351: 7172: 6948: 6793: 6683: 6498: 6466: 6234: 4345: 2654: 2554: 1769: 1185:, but could be relatively ineffective and/or require difficult policy choices between higher 4710: 8054: 7873: 7658: 7397: 7202: 6565: 6391: 6286: 6044: 5895: 4164:"After 800 years, the Welsh Government reveals its plans for Wales' first taxes since 1283" 2818: 2524: 2003: 1449:

Forest and woodland makes up 14% of the land area of Wales and there are 4,000 jobs and in

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2017. Electricity generation encompasses a broad mix of technologies including coal (e.g.

8: 8074: 8059: 8006: 7953: 7948: 7923: 7781: 7641: 7493: 7458: 7114: 6911: 6673: 2788: 2179: 1957: 1764: 1639: 1462: 1413: 8044: 5754: 446:(GDP) in Wales has increased since 1999, although it remains lower than the UK average. 63: 7978: 7928: 7888: 7841: 7836: 7826: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7786: 7771: 7766: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7636: 7503: 7368: 7360: 7292: 7247: 7062: 6936: 6876: 6705: 6646: 6423: 6408: 6403: 5912:

Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions (nama_10r_3gdp)

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connects it to the Pembrokeshire ferry ports. The main north–south railway line is the

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Wales' proportion of top 5% of the most cited publications is twice the global average.

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With its mountainous landscape and numerous sandy beaches, Wales attracts significant

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Wales is the most efficient of all its comparators in terms of output per expenditure.

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and invest in economic infrastructure including transport and information technology.

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Other manufacturing industries not listed here include oil refining and tool making.

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and John Bradley have argued that the Irish Celtic Tiger model, which includes lower

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The GDP of Wales has increased from £37.1 billion in 1998 to £85.4 billion in 2022.

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During 2020, and well into 2021, the restrictions and lockdowns necessitated by the

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Wales' research and development funding now accounts for 62% of total expenditure.

7536: 7485: 7092: 6661: 6607: 6538: 6526: 6386: 6204: 6185: 6138: 6026: 5345:"Welsh Government | Written – Wales – the world's first 'Fair Trade Nation'" 3965:"Employment rates by UK country/English region and quarter (seasonally adjusted)" 3333: 2919: 2771: 2662: 2627: 1817: 1363: 1190: 1177: 1173: 1072: 1031: 487: 479: 4763: 7576: 7373: 7336: 7321: 7316: 6958: 6953: 6891: 6756: 6666: 6656: 6175: 5755:"Scrapped flight tax could divert 'million passengers' from Bristol to Cardiff" 5178: 5145: 4688: 2906: 2814: 2810: 2796: 2572: 1845: 1712: 1631: 1476: 1432: 1351: 1263: 1218: 1076: 1008: 49: 5805:"Severn Trent and Dee Valley come together to build on strong customer legacy" 4084: 3866:"Country and regional public sector finances - Office for National Statistics" 8105: 7646: 7378: 7302: 6548: 5911: 5779: 5439: 4245: 2915: 2774:

is the only Welsh airport offering international scheduled flights. In 2007,

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Unemployed aged 16 and over. Percent is a proportion of economically active.

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services, operating in north east and mid Wales. It provides water only in

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During the 1980s and 1990s, a major growth sector in manufacturing was the

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Healthcare in Wales is mainly provided by the Welsh public health service,

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from developing innovative economic policies, especially when compared to

7601: 6698: 6413: 6339: 6244: 5896:"Incapacity Benefit Reform:Tackling the Rise in Labour Market Inactivity" 5380: 2870: 2702: 2449: 2242: 1980: 1797: 1781: 1672: 1623: 1619: 1595: 1529: 1027: 499: 57: 33: 4237: 2930:

The figures below for 2013 come from Eurostat and are denoted in Euros.

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circulated over the whole of the UK, has been based at a single site in

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and much of the aluminium produced in the UK are made in Welsh plants.

1655: 1472: 1390: 1186: 1107: 507: 491: 4339:"Julian Hodge Institute of Applied Macroeconomics Annual Lecture 2005" 7498: 7282: 7162: 7144: 3667:"Regional gross domestic product and gross value added: 1998 to 2020" 3405:

Percent is a proportion of all persons in employment aged 16 and over

2882: 2730: 2722: 2710: 2706: 1773: 1643: 1468: 7696: 5625:"Covid lockdown eases: Celebrations as pub gardens and shops reopen" 4143:. CIPFA, the Chartered Institute of Public Finance & Accountancy 3396:

In employment and aged 16 or over (quantity) or aged 16–64 (percent)

6354: 5951: 5728: 5691:

National Assembly for Wales 2001, The Transport Framework for Wales

5183: 5150: 2937: 2874: 2855: 2726: 2718: 2714: 1680: 1664: 1635: 1627: 1450: 1281: 1268: 506:

since 1980, having progressively transferred operations from their

486:, responsible for issuing currency, and retains responsibility for 472:

The currency used in Wales is the Pound, represented by the symbol

2410: 1554:

Aston Martin Lagonda Production & Technology Centre St Athan,

6785: 4423:"The Wealth Within: the 'Preston Model' and the new municipalism" 3423:

Median gross weekly pay for full time employees resident in Wales

2263: 2200: 2049: 1888: 1676: 37: 4015:"Gross Disposable Household Income in Wales by measure and year" 7124: 5927: 2347: 2305: 2221: 2095: 2072: 1911: 565: 2804:

is a not-for-profit company which supplies drinking water and

1618:

refining is a long established industry in Wales. As of 2007,

972:

were employed in SMEs in Wales in 2021, 1.6% lower than 2020.

6816: 3575:"International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2021" 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 2834: 2326: 2284: 2026: 1856:

entering the top ten destinations for Welsh exports in 2013.

1853: 1758: 1668: 1555: 1347: 1168:

Economic growth of the Republic of Ireland compared to the UK

436: 4689:"Climate change: Private hydropower schemes 'on cliff edge'" 1350:

are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of

5237:"A performance based assessment of the Welsh research base" 3460:

Small-scale vessels are ships with a length under 10 metres

1829: 1780:. Compared to more prosperous parts of the UK, Wales lacks 1214: 4926:"Aston Martin Creates 750 Highly Skilled Jobs in St Athan" 4806:"Health centres in Wales | Find a health centre | Bupa UK" 4663:"UK water industry 'could fund' £1.3bn Swansea Bay scheme" 4521:"Comisiynydd: Nifer y plant mewn addysg Gymraeg yn 'sioc'" 3568: 3566: 3530: 474: 5598: 4766: 4456: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4308:"Weak Devolution Settlement Hinders Economic Development" 3447: 3445: 3443: 3441: 1849: 1615: 4978: 4976: 4974: 4972: 5146:"Brexit trade deal leaves Welsh fishermen 'devastated'" 3563: 3431: 3429: 1001:

Independent Commission on Funding and Finance for Wales

5944:

British Chambers of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey

5440:"What does Wales export globally – and who is buying?" 4441: 3438: 3318:

head was Isle of Anglesey with 57% of the EU average.

2840:

Dwr Cymru Welsh Water employs more than 3,000 people.

5179:"Shell fishing fleet in Wales wants help with Brexit" 4969: 4733: 4731: 4103: 3426: 545:

On average, Wales annually received £367 million of

5939:

Welsh Government - Business, economy and innovation

5685: 4570: 4568: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3473: 5211:"Retail sector: position statement [HTML]" 4740:"The 10 biggest private sector employers in Wales" 3512:"Regional gross domestic product: all ITL regions" 2657:which passes under the Severn Estuary through the 5383:"Survey of Scottish Manufactured Exports 2004/05" 4728: 4333: 4331: 3940:"Gross Value Added (£ per head) by area and year" 3339:Countries of the United Kingdom by GDP per capita 2759:is the busiest Welsh port for iron and steel and 2733:plus border links in the north, form part of the 1679:, which is one of the world's major suppliers of 1205:Basque country's GDP per capita graph (US dollar) 8103: 5538: 5536: 4866: 4565: 3592: 2843: 1683:for jet engine blades and medical applications. 559:European agricultural fund for rural development 393:£1.7bn Middle East and North Africa (excl. EU) 272:£0.7bn Middle East and North Africa (excl. EU) 5381:Scottish Council for Development and Industry. 5318:. 2005. pp. 12, 22, 40, 42. Archived from 4831:"Land Registry House Price Index November 2008" 4496:"Banc Cambria | Monmouthshire Building Society" 3643:. Royal Mint. 24 September 2008. Archived from 966: 467: 144:9.1% Managers, directors and senior officials 4650:. 5 July 2018 – via www.theguardian.com. 4328: 4324:. 24 November 2003 – via news.bbc.co.uk. 4219: 3481:"Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022" 2922:as well as declining demand for their skills. 1376:largest pumped storage power station in Europe 108:1,424,000 / 69.6% in employment (Jan–Mar 2024) 7712: 6801: 5967: 5544:"Visits to tourist attractions in Wales 2017" 5533: 3888: 3886: 1784:service sector employment in sectors such as 1404:In June 2018 the Welsh Government backed the 1397:), solar thermal/PV and biomass electricity. 1045: 5464: 5413: 3770:"Welsh Government Report on Outturn 2020-21" 3417: 1820:technology was rolled out in the village of 1576:on some of the technology companies in Wales 1154: 4281:. Welsh Assembly Government. Archived from 4220:Bradbury, Jonathan; Davies, Andrew (2022). 3629: 3408: 2591:Visits to Tourist Attractions in Wales 2017 1486: 150:6.5% Process plant and machine operatives 7719: 7705: 6808: 6794: 5974: 5960: 5303: 5301: 5010:"Creo Medical | Development Bank of Wales" 4644:"Tidal power to the people | Letters" 4184: 3883: 3399: 3390: 2833:and both water and wastewater in northern 1759:Services & high value-added employment 1129:to more effective economic policies was a 1062: 975:The 2021/22 third quarterly report of the 27: 5176: 4778: 4711:"Food and Drink Wales - Growing together" 4680: 4398:"The Preston Model: A panacea for Wales?" 4073:. Economic Intelligence Wales. June 2022. 3506: 3504: 2421:Wales' top 10 tourist attractions (2017) 2128:Top 10 Welsh export destinations, 2021/22 1730: 1309:Building societies in Wales includes the 1237: 1106:. Cooke suggested that a relatively weak 5752: 4660: 4471:"Who we are | Development Bank of Wales" 3344:Economic geography of the United Kingdom 2622: 2614: 2409: 1560: 1534: 1367: 1262: 1200: 1163: 456:European Structural and Investment Funds 141:9.3% Caring, leisure and other service 5298: 5266: 5177:Messenger, Stephan (13 February 2018). 5062:"Main manufacturing locations of Corus" 4363:"Committing to Growth, Allander Series" 4273: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4161: 4134: 3804:"Public spending by country and region" 3607:"UK Regional Trade in Goods Statistics" 2925: 1686: 983: 490:and is the central bank of the UK. The 8104: 5814:. Severn Trent Water. 15 February 2017 5699: 5697: 5458: 5143: 4737: 4686: 4185:Williamson, David (16 November 2005). 3501: 2881:and there is significant cross-border 1866:Top 10 Welsh export destinations, 2017 1813:On 28 November 2006, a trial of a new 1287: 7726: 7700: 6789: 5955: 4574: 4547:"Dinorwig Hydroelectric Plant, Wales" 4392: 4390: 4215: 4213: 4211: 4209: 4207: 4162:Shipton, Martin (23 September 2014). 4062: 4060: 3934: 3932: 3820: 3747: 3745: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 2751:Wales has ten main commercial ports. 1808: 1699:Marine and Fisheries Division (Wales) 1435:, which employs nearly 1,800 people. 954: 135:9.7% Administrative and secretarial 5981: 5665:"Rail Industry Finance (UK) 2019-20" 5467:"Welsh exports: Fourth quarter 2014" 5416:"Welsh Exports: Fourth Quarter 2017" 4779:Peregrine, Chris (29 January 2019). 4260: 3572: 1859: 1145: 1118:. However, critics including former 590: 405:£0.2bn Latin America and Caribbean 281:£0.2bn Latin America and Caribbean 5866:"Miners Strike 1972, 1974 and 1984" 5694: 5432: 3919:"Scotfact: Towards an English GERS" 335:£1.7bn Miscellaneous manufactures 217:£1.0bn Miscellaneous manufactures 13: 6815: 4387: 4226:National Institute Economic Review 4204: 4057: 3929: 3742: 3685: 3387:6 April – 5 April for personal tax 2755:is the largest Welsh energy port. 2540:Newborough National Nature Reserve 2114:Welsh exports: Fourth quarter 2015 1324:Welsh insurance companies include 1267:Sheep at Ty'n-y-Cornel farm, near 1056:National Institute Economic Review 988: 551:European Regional Development Fund 402:£0.4bn Eastern Europe (excl. EU) 396:£1.1bn Western Europe (excl. EU) 350:£0.0bn Animal and vegetable oils 278:£0.2bn Eastern Europe (excl. EU) 275:£0.6bn Western Europe (excl. EU) 229:£0.0bn Animal and vegetable oils 14: 8123: 6225:Department for Business and Trade 6220:Competition and Markets Authority 5920: 5144:Pigott, Paul (12 February 2021). 4576:"Energy Generation in Wales 2018" 2677:enabling direct services between 2510:Folly Farm Adventure Park and Zoo 2480:St Fagans National History Museum 1792:. This is partly due to a weaker 1493:Housing and construction in Wales 1419: 1196: 1005:Commission on Devolution in Wales 999:The Welsh Government established 571: 549:during 2014-2020, which included 147:7.4% Sales and customer service 7680: 6922:Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 6770: 6769: 6267:Office for Budget Responsibility 5926: 5905: 5888: 5858: 5826: 5191:from the original on 4 June 2021 5158:from the original on 4 June 2021 4738:Kelsey, Chris (9 January 2017). 4091:. Welsh Government. 12 June 2017 3551:. Office for National Statistics 3272: 3271: 3264: 3263: 3245: 3244: 3237: 3236: 3218: 3217: 3210: 3209: 3191: 3190: 3183: 3182: 3164: 3163: 3156: 3155: 3137: 3136: 3129: 3128: 3119:Bridgend & Neath Port Talbot 3110: 3109: 3102: 3101: 3083: 3082: 3075: 3074: 3056: 3055: 3048: 3047: 3029: 3028: 3021: 3020: 3002: 3001: 2994: 2993: 2975: 2974: 2967: 2966: 2578: 2577: 2545: 2544: 2530: 2529: 2515: 2514: 2500: 2499: 2485: 2484: 2470: 2469: 2455: 2454: 2440: 2439: 2340: 2319: 2298: 2277: 2256: 2235: 2214: 2193: 2172: 2151: 2101: 2100: 2088: 2078: 2077: 2065: 2055: 2054: 2042: 2032: 2031: 2019: 2009: 2008: 1996: 1986: 1985: 1973: 1963: 1962: 1950: 1940: 1939: 1927: 1917: 1916: 1904: 1894: 1893: 1881: 1836:speeds of up to 24 Mbit/s. 1622:had manufacturing facilities at 1509: 1426:Food and drink industry of Wales 1225: 326:£5.2bn Machinery and transport 287:£0.0bn Undefined country group 205:£6.4bn Machinery and transport 6191:Governor of the Bank of England 5797: 5772: 5746: 5721: 5657: 5643: 5617: 5586: 5561: 5509: 5483: 5407: 5374: 5337: 5255: 5229: 5203: 5170: 5137: 5111: 5086: 5054: 5028: 5002: 4944: 4918: 4892: 4855: 4823: 4798: 4772: 4757: 4715:Business Wales - Food and drink 4703: 4661:McIntyre, Fiona (3 July 2018). 4654: 4636: 4622: 4596: 4539: 4513: 4488: 4463: 4415: 4355: 4322:"'Weak' assembly harming Wales" 4314: 4300: 4178: 4155: 4137:"Welsh income tax takes effect" 4128: 4077: 4032: 4007: 3982: 3957: 3911: 3858: 3832: 3823:"The UK Shared Prosperity Fund" 3814: 3796: 3779: 3762: 3717: 3659: 3545:"Labour Market Profile - Wales" 3454: 3200:Cardiff & Vale of Glamorgan 2892: 2763:is the third busiest for ores. 1737:Science and technology in Wales 1280:and the dairy sector, with the 1159: 6108:Monmouthshire Building Society 5653:. Wales Online. 13 April 2021. 4764:NHS now four different systems 4687:Duggan, Craig (2 March 2021). 4527:(in Welsh). BBC. 4 August 2016 3787:"Annual Budget Motion 2023-24" 3579:Office for National Statistics 3516:Office for National Statistics 3486:Office for National Statistics 3381: 1844:Excluding intra UK trade, the 1589: 1315:Monmouthshire Building Society 1248: 525: 347:£0.1bn Beverages and tobacco 344:£0.5bn Food and live animals 226:£0.0bn Beverages and tobacco 220:£0.6bn Food and live animals 132:10.3% Elementary occupations 129:14.4% Associate professional 1: 7558:Non-Christian belief systems 6113:Principality Building Society 6000:Economy of the United Kingdom 5358:. 6 June 2008. Archived from 5262:Beyond 20/20 WDS – Table View 3467: 3359:Economy of the United Kingdom 3354:Economy of the European Union 2844:Regional economic differences 2691:revived narrow gauge railways 2465:Snowdon Summit Visitor Centre 1663:Welsh dragon. Nearly all the 1580: 1456: 1311:Principality Building Society 1110:settlement had prevented the 1094:had responded to the loss of 945: 599:for Wales from 1998 to 2020. 433:economy of the United Kingdom 5274:"Economic Futures for Wales" 4876:. airbus.com. Archived from 3573:Tuck, Helen (28 June 2023). 2610: 1711:and is valued at 39,000,000 1523: 1335: 1294:Banking and finance in Wales 1054:published an article in the 967:Small and medium enterprises 595:This table shows the annual 468:Currency and monetary policy 164:49,000 / 3.3% (Jan–Mar 2024) 7: 6250:Chancellor of the Exchequer 6230:Financial Conduct Authority 5729:"The Port of Milford Haven" 5119:"TIMET Corporate Structure" 4984:"Eurostat: Wales – Economy" 4604:"The Battle for Cefn Croes" 3321: 3173:Monmouthshire & Newport 2848: 2766: 2735:Trans-European Road Network 1438: 1142:remains a topic of debate. 1075:and Design Wales), address 540: 462: 408:— Undefined country group 399:£0.7bn Sub-Saharan Africa 387:£3.7bn Asia & Oceania 332:£2.1bn Manufactured goods 284:£0.1bn Sub-Saharan Africa 269:£1.7bn Asia & Oceania 208:£2.4bn Manufactured goods 10: 8128: 7654:Prince of Wales's feathers 4956:www.astonmartinlagonda.com 4279:"Wales: A Vibrant Economy" 4111:"Tax is changing in Wales" 3364:List of companies of Wales 2903:West Wales and the Valleys 2786: 2744: 2633: 2393: 2389: 1839: 1734: 1696: 1690: 1601: 1586:jobs to work in St Athan. 1513: 1490: 1460: 1442: 1423: 1361: 1339: 1291: 1252: 1241: 1084:Institute of Welsh Affairs 1046:Criticism of UK government 1013:Fiscal and economic policy 992: 353:£0.0bn Other commodities 232:£0.0bn Other commodities 114:Labour force by occupation 8083: 8035: 7997: 7734: 7676: 7627: 7522: 7484: 7392: 7359: 7350: 7273: 7269: 7260: 7198: 7189: 7143: 7048: 7039: 7030: 6944: 6935: 6837: 6824: 6765: 6714: 6514: 6432: 6369: 6310: 6277:UK Trade & Investment 6262:Monetary Policy Committee 6168: 6161: 6131: 6098:Development Bank of Wales 6084: 6075: 6035: 6009: 5989: 5870:National Library of Wales 5753:BBC News (7 March 2019). 5309:"Wales A Vibrant Economy" 4187:"Why Celtic tiger failed" 4166:. Reach plc. Wales Online 3369:Renewable energy in Wales 3328:Regional economy in Wales 2877:, Greater Manchester and 2586: 2367:(excludes the rest of UK) 2359: 2136: 2133: 2109: 1718: 1693:Fishing industry in Wales 1610: 1357: 1300:Development Bank of Wales 1244:Economic history of Wales 1231:Community wealth building 1155:Potential economic models 977:Development Bank of Wales 577:Wales' net fiscal deficit 510:, London site from 1968. 370: 312: 304: 249: 191: 183: 178: 168: 160: 112: 102: 92: 88:£85.4 billion (2022) 82: 74: 69: 55: 45: 26: 7228:Housing and construction 6679:Housing and construction 6350:Welsh Development Agency 6328:Minister for the Economy 6240:HM Revenue & Customs 6118:Swansea Building Society 3808:House of Commons Library 3374: 3227:Flintshire & Wrexham 3011:Conwy & Denbighshire 2952:GDP per capita € (2016) 2782: 2740: 2696: 1790:research and development 1788:, business services and 1487:Housing and construction 1406:Tidal Lagoon Swansea Bay 1319:Swansea Building Society 1140:Wales Development Agency 561:(EAFRD): £77.9 million. 553:(ERDF): £168.5 million; 341:£1.0bn Crude materials 223:£0.2bn Crude materials 7612:1904–1905 Welsh revival 7607:Welsh Methodist revival 6377:Regional economic deals 6335:Welsh Revenue Authority 6272:UK Statistics Authority 5672:Office of Rail and Road 2946:GDP per capita € (2013) 2813:is a company providing 2640: 2564:Cardiff Visitor Centre 2495:National Museum Cardiff 2435:Wales Millennium Centre 2415:Wales Millennium Centre 1481:National Health Service 1451:forest-based industries 1086:in 2003, Phil Cooke of 1063:Welsh government policy 557:(ESF): £120.5 million; 384:£5.9bn European Union 263:£9.1bn European Union 174:£636.10 per week (2023) 7777:Bosnia and Herzegovina 6652:Science and technology 6255:Debt Management Office 6149:Other commercial banks 5784:corporate.dwrcymru.com 3821:Brien, Philip (2022). 3615:HM Revenue and Customs 2747:List of ports in Wales 2631: 2620: 2619:Railway lines in Wales 2417: 1731:Science and technology 1660:Port Talbot Steelworks 1577: 1558: 1516:Manufacturing in Wales 1393:), hydro-electricity ( 1377: 1374:Dinorwig Power Station 1272: 1259:Sheep farming in Wales 1238:Economic sectors (A-Z) 1206: 1169: 1127:necessary precondition 1050:Jonathan Bradbury and 513: 444:Gross domestic product 390:£2.5bn North America 329:£4.0bn Mineral fuels 266:£2.6bn North America 214:£2.1bn Mineral fuels 40:: Wales's capital city 7617:Welsh Church Act 1914 7384:British Sign Language 6499:Trades Union Congress 6022:State-owned companies 5733:Port of Milford Haven 5098:Pro Steel Engineering 5014:developmentbank.wales 4475:developmentbank.wales 2802:Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water 2793:Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water 2655:South Wales Main Line 2626: 2618: 2555:Pontcysyllte Aqueduct 2413: 1770:public administration 1763:In recent years, the 1572:A short video by the 1571: 1553: 1371: 1266: 1204: 1167: 431:is part of the wider 138:9.4% Skilled trades 7173:British Armed Forces 7013:Wales–England border 6745:Full fiscal autonomy 6045:Welsh fiscal balance 5935:at Wikimedia Commons 5812:deevalleywater.co.uk 5074:on 28 September 2007 4089:Tax policy framework 4044:statswales.gov.wales 4019:statswales.gov.wales 3994:statswales.gov.wales 3969:statswales.gov.wales 3944:statswales.gov.wales 2926:GDP in NUTS3 regions 2819:wastewater treatment 2525:Pembrey Country Park 1794:agglomeration effect 1687:Marine and Fisheries 1658:, although only the 1255:Agriculture in Wales 1082:In a report for the 984:Economic development 555:European social fund 372:Main import partners 308:£19.2 billion (2021) 251:Main export partners 187:£23.8 billion (2021) 170:Average gross salary 126:23.5% Professional 7998:States with limited 7332:Scheduled monuments 7308:Literature in Welsh 7208:Banking and finance 6986:Mountains and hills 6912:Statute of Rhuddlan 6561:Water privatisation 6060:Banking and finance 5325:on 13 February 2010 4990:on 13 February 2013 4238:10.1017/nie.2022.26 2789:Reservoirs of Wales 2422: 2130: 2105:£0.35 billion 2082:£0.36 billion 2059:£0.46 billion 2036:£0.47 billion 2013:£0.56 billion 1990:£0.69 billion 1967:£1.04 billion 1944:£2.29 billion 1921:£2.73 billion 1898:£3.21 billion 1868: 1832:, offers broadband 1479:, collectively the 1463:Healthcare in Wales 1288:Banking and finance 614:Wales (£ per head) 604: 547:EU structural funds 494:, which issues the 64:1 April to 31 March 23: 7728:Economy of Europe 7499:Healthcare service 7120:Secretary of State 6902:Edwardian conquest 6892:Medieval Welsh law 6877:Kingdom of Gwynedd 6741:Economic autonomy 6409:Economy of Swansea 6404:Economy of Cardiff 6302:Business ownership 5876:on 17 October 2008 5602:. 30 December 2020 5465:Welsh Government. 5414:Welsh Government. 5395:on 18 October 2013 5362:on 22 January 2010 4932:. 24 February 2016 4874:"Airbus in the UK" 4667:New Civil Engineer 4610:on 12 October 2007 4085:"Welsh Government" 4068:"Quarterly report" 3647:on 14 October 2007 3641:Royal Mint website 3617:. 14 December 2023 3451:Excluding services 3435:Goods and services 3349:Economy of Cardiff 2725:in the south, the 2687:urban rail network 2667:Welsh Marches Line 2636:Transport in Wales 2632: 2621: 2420: 2418: 2126: 1864: 1828:. The new network 1815:telecommunications 1809:Telecommunications 1578: 1559: 1378: 1342:Education in Wales 1273: 1207: 1170: 1088:Cardiff University 1040:Welsh independence 955:Income and poverty 611:Wales (£ million) 603:Gross Value Added 602: 338:£1.5bn Chemicals 211:£2.4bn Chemicals 50:Pound sterling (£) 18: 8099: 8098: 7694: 7693: 7672: 7671: 7518: 7517: 7514: 7513: 7256: 7255: 7185: 7184: 7181: 7180: 7110:Political parties 7026: 7025: 6917:Glyndŵr rebellion 6872:Early Middle Ages 6783: 6782: 6750:Full independence 6721:Economic impacts 6446:Business schools 6365: 6364: 6157: 6156: 6017:List of companies 5931:Media related to 5846:on 15 August 2011 5717:on 24 March 2009. 5286:on 12 August 2011 4930:businesswales.com 4375:on 10 August 2007 4351:on 27 March 2009. 3315: 3314: 2911:Neath Port Talbot 2860:Neath Port Talbot 2653:is served by the 2601:COVID-19 pandemic 2597: 2596: 2592: 2379: 2378: 2372: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2119: 2118: 2115: 1826:Vale of Glamorgan 1569: 1551: 1498:from £109,000 in 1445:Forestry in Wales 1146:Identified issues 995:Taxation in Wales 943: 942: 597:Gross value added 591:Gross Value Added 581:COVID-19 pandemic 504:Rhondda Cynon Taf 425: 424: 8119: 8112:Economy of Wales 8036:Dependencies and 7735:Sovereign states 7721: 7714: 7707: 7698: 7697: 7687:Wales portal 7685: 7684: 7683: 7357: 7356: 7271: 7270: 7267: 7266: 7196: 7195: 7163:Modern Welsh law 7078:Local government 7046: 7045: 7037: 7036: 6942: 6941: 6907:Late Middle Ages 6882:Kingdom of Powys 6867:Anglo-Welsh Wars 6810: 6803: 6796: 6787: 6786: 6773: 6772: 6532:Renewable energy 6323:Welsh Government 6200:UK-wide Taxation 6166: 6165: 6082: 6081: 5983:Economy of Wales 5976: 5969: 5962: 5953: 5952: 5933:Economy of Wales 5930: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5902: 5900: 5892: 5886: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5872:. Archived from 5862: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5845: 5839:. Archived from 5838: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5809: 5801: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5776: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5750: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5725: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5710:. Archived from 5709: 5701: 5692: 5689: 5683: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5669: 5661: 5655: 5654: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5609: 5607: 5590: 5584: 5583: 5578: 5576: 5565: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5548: 5540: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5521: 5517:"The GB Tourist" 5513: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5493:. Archived from 5487: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5462: 5456: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5420: 5411: 5405: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5394: 5388:. Archived from 5387: 5378: 5372: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5356:Welsh Government 5350:Welsh Government 5341: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5324: 5316:Welsh Government 5313: 5305: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5285: 5279:. Archived from 5278: 5270: 5264: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5207: 5201: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5141: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5125:on 19 March 2006 5121:. Archived from 5115: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5090: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5073: 5067:. Archived from 5066: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5032: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4986:. Archived from 4980: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4962: 4948: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4922: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4911: 4896: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4870: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4848: 4842: 4836:. Archived from 4835: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4776: 4770: 4761: 4755: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4735: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4707: 4701: 4700: 4698: 4696: 4684: 4678: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4658: 4652: 4651: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4626: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4615: 4606:. Archived from 4600: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4589: 4583:Welsh Government 4580: 4572: 4563: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4543: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4517: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4506: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4467: 4461: 4458: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4419: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4394: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4374: 4368:. Archived from 4367: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4344:. Archived from 4343: 4335: 4326: 4325: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4304: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4287: 4275: 4258: 4257: 4217: 4202: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4182: 4176: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4135:O'Toole, Gavin. 4132: 4126: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4115:Welsh Government 4107: 4101: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4064: 4055: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4011: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3986: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3961: 3955: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3936: 3927: 3926: 3923:www.scotfact.com 3915: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3890: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3862: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3836: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3783: 3777: 3776: 3774: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3749: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3721: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3696: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3663: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3633: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3603: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3570: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3541: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3508: 3499: 3498: 3496: 3494: 3477: 3461: 3458: 3452: 3449: 3436: 3433: 3424: 3421: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3397: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3275: 3274: 3267: 3266: 3248: 3247: 3240: 3239: 3221: 3220: 3213: 3212: 3194: 3193: 3186: 3185: 3167: 3166: 3159: 3158: 3140: 3139: 3132: 3131: 3113: 3112: 3105: 3104: 3086: 3085: 3078: 3077: 3059: 3058: 3051: 3050: 3038:South West Wales 3032: 3031: 3024: 3023: 3005: 3004: 2997: 2996: 2978: 2977: 2970: 2969: 2957:Isle of Anglesey 2933: 2932: 2776:Anglesey Airport 2587: 2581: 2580: 2548: 2547: 2533: 2532: 2518: 2517: 2503: 2502: 2488: 2487: 2473: 2472: 2458: 2457: 2443: 2442: 2423: 2419: 2396:Tourism in Wales 2366: 2360: 2346: 2344: 2343: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2304: 2302: 2301: 2283: 2281: 2280: 2262: 2260: 2259: 2241: 2239: 2238: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2199: 2197: 2196: 2178: 2176: 2175: 2157: 2155: 2154: 2131: 2125: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2094: 2092: 2091: 2081: 2080: 2071: 2069: 2068: 2058: 2057: 2048: 2046: 2045: 2035: 2034: 2025: 2023: 2022: 2012: 2011: 2002: 2000: 1999: 1989: 1988: 1979: 1977: 1976: 1966: 1965: 1956: 1954: 1953: 1943: 1942: 1933: 1931: 1930: 1920: 1919: 1910: 1908: 1907: 1897: 1896: 1887: 1885: 1884: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1803:Fairtrade Status 1782:high value added 1705:fishing industry 1574:Welsh Government 1570: 1552: 1112:Welsh Government 1100:fiscal transfers 1092:Welsh Government 1090:argued that the 1017:reserved matters 951:private sector. 617:UK (£ per head) 605: 601: 452:Welsh government 429:economy of Wales 418: 363: 297: 242: 153:(Jan–Dec 2023) 78:3,131,640 (2022) 31: 24: 22: 17: 8127: 8126: 8122: 8121: 8120: 8118: 8117: 8116: 8102: 8101: 8100: 8095: 8079: 8037: 8031: 8017:Northern Cyprus 7999: 7993: 7909:North Macedonia 7730: 7725: 7695: 7690: 7681: 7679: 7668: 7623: 7552:Presbyterianism 7510: 7480: 7412:Welsh Americans 7388: 7346: 7252: 7238:Slate quarrying 7177: 7153:Counsel General 7139: 7022: 6991:Protected areas 6931: 6897:Norman invasion 6833: 6820: 6814: 6784: 6779: 6761: 6710: 6510: 6482:UK Minimum wage 6477:UK equality law 6434: 6428: 6382:Cardiff Capital 6361: 6345:Auditor General 6318:Devolved policy 6306: 6205:Barnett formula 6186:Bank of England 6153: 6139:Bank of England 6127: 6071: 6031: 6027:Companies Court 6005: 6004: 5985: 5980: 5949: 5923: 5918: 5910: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5893: 5889: 5879: 5877: 5864: 5863: 5859: 5849: 5847: 5843: 5836: 5832: 5831: 5827: 5817: 5815: 5807: 5803: 5802: 5798: 5788: 5786: 5778: 5777: 5773: 5763: 5761: 5751: 5747: 5737: 5735: 5727: 5726: 5722: 5714: 5707: 5703: 5702: 5695: 5690: 5686: 5676: 5674: 5667: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5649: 5648: 5644: 5634: 5632: 5631:. 12 April 2021 5623: 5622: 5618: 5605: 5603: 5592: 5591: 5587: 5574: 5572: 5571:. 18 March 2021 5567: 5566: 5562: 5552: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5541: 5534: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5515: 5514: 5510: 5500: 5498: 5489: 5488: 5484: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5463: 5459: 5449: 5447: 5446:. 23 March 2023 5438: 5437: 5433: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5412: 5408: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5385: 5379: 5375: 5365: 5363: 5343: 5342: 5338: 5328: 5326: 5322: 5311: 5307: 5306: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5283: 5276: 5272: 5271: 5267: 5260: 5256: 5246: 5244: 5243:. 2 August 2021 5235: 5234: 5230: 5220: 5218: 5217:. 15 March 2022 5209: 5208: 5204: 5194: 5192: 5175: 5171: 5161: 5159: 5142: 5138: 5128: 5126: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5102: 5100: 5092: 5091: 5087: 5077: 5075: 5071: 5064: 5060: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5043: 5042:. 15 March 2021 5034: 5033: 5029: 5019: 5017: 5016:. 10 April 2021 5008: 5007: 5003: 4993: 4991: 4982: 4981: 4970: 4960: 4958: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4935: 4933: 4924: 4923: 4919: 4909: 4907: 4898: 4897: 4893: 4883: 4881: 4872: 4871: 4867: 4860: 4856: 4846: 4844: 4843:on 5 March 2009 4840: 4833: 4829: 4828: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4804: 4803: 4799: 4789: 4787: 4777: 4773: 4762: 4758: 4748: 4746: 4736: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4709: 4708: 4704: 4694: 4692: 4685: 4681: 4671: 4669: 4659: 4655: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4613: 4611: 4602: 4601: 4597: 4587: 4585: 4578: 4573: 4566: 4556: 4554: 4553:. 24 April 2013 4545: 4544: 4540: 4530: 4528: 4519: 4518: 4514: 4504: 4502: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4479: 4477: 4469: 4468: 4464: 4459: 4442: 4432: 4430: 4421: 4420: 4416: 4406: 4404: 4402:www.wcpp.org.uk 4396: 4395: 4388: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4361: 4360: 4356: 4348: 4341: 4337: 4336: 4329: 4320: 4319: 4315: 4306: 4305: 4301: 4291: 4289: 4288:on 17 June 2009 4285: 4277: 4276: 4261: 4218: 4205: 4195: 4193: 4183: 4179: 4169: 4167: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4117: 4109: 4108: 4104: 4094: 4092: 4083: 4082: 4078: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4058: 4048: 4046: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4013: 4012: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3988: 3987: 3983: 3973: 3971: 3963: 3962: 3958: 3948: 3946: 3938: 3937: 3930: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3902: 3900: 3892: 3891: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3849: 3847: 3838: 3837: 3833: 3825: 3819: 3815: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3780: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3755: 3751: 3750: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3723: 3722: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3698: 3697: 3686: 3676: 3674: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3650: 3648: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3620: 3618: 3605: 3604: 3593: 3583: 3581: 3571: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3543: 3542: 3531: 3521: 3519: 3518:. 24 April 2024 3510: 3509: 3502: 3492: 3490: 3489:. 26 March 2024 3479: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3465: 3464: 3459: 3455: 3450: 3439: 3434: 3427: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3334:Barnett formula 3324: 3065:Central Valleys 2928: 2920:benefits system 2895: 2851: 2846: 2799: 2785: 2772:Cardiff Airport 2769: 2749: 2743: 2699: 2663:West Wales Line 2643: 2638: 2628:Cardiff Airport 2613: 2429:No of Visitors 2398: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2341: 2339: 2320: 2318: 2299: 2297: 2278: 2276: 2257: 2255: 2236: 2234: 2215: 2213: 2194: 2192: 2173: 2171: 2152: 2150: 2121: 2089: 2087: 2066: 2064: 2043: 2041: 2020: 2018: 1997: 1995: 1974: 1972: 1951: 1949: 1928: 1926: 1905: 1903: 1882: 1880: 1842: 1811: 1761: 1739: 1733: 1721: 1713:pounds sterling 1701: 1695: 1689: 1671:has a plant in 1613: 1604: 1592: 1583: 1561: 1535: 1526: 1518: 1512: 1502:to £238,000 in 1495: 1489: 1465: 1459: 1447: 1441: 1428: 1422: 1366: 1364:Energy in Wales 1360: 1344: 1338: 1296: 1290: 1261: 1251: 1246: 1240: 1228: 1199: 1191:public spending 1178:corporation tax 1174:Nicholas Crafts 1172:The economists 1162: 1157: 1148: 1120:Welsh Secretary 1077:market failures 1073:apprenticeships 1065: 1048: 1032:Ieuan Wyn Jones 997: 991: 989:Devolved powers 986: 969: 957: 948: 593: 574: 543: 528: 516: 488:monetary policy 480:Bank of England 470: 465: 421: 416: 381: 380: 373: 366: 361: 323: 322: 315: 300: 295: 260: 259: 252: 245: 240: 202: 201: 194: 171: 156: 123: 122: 115: 105: 95: 60: 41: 20: 12: 11: 5: 8125: 8115: 8114: 8097: 8096: 8094: 8093: 8091:European Union 8087: 8085: 8084:Other entities 8081: 8080: 8078: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8041: 8039: 8038:other entities 8033: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8003: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7984:United Kingdom 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7804: 7799: 7797:Czech Republic 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7738: 7736: 7732: 7731: 7724: 7723: 7716: 7709: 7701: 7692: 7691: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7650: 7649: 7639: 7633: 7631: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7621: 7620: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7596: 7595: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7556: 7555: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7528: 7526: 7520: 7519: 7516: 7515: 7512: 7511: 7509: 7508: 7507: 7506: 7496: 7490: 7488: 7482: 7481: 7479: 7478: 7477: 7476: 7471: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7430: 7429: 7419: 7414: 7409: 7403: 7401: 7390: 7389: 7387: 7386: 7381: 7376: 7371: 7365: 7363: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7279: 7277: 7264: 7258: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7251: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7233:Power stations 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7199: 7193: 7187: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7149: 7147: 7141: 7140: 7138: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7096: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7075: 7070: 7068:First Minister 7065: 7060: 7054: 7052: 7043: 7034: 7028: 7027: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7004: 7003: 6998: 6996:National parks 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6962: 6961: 6956: 6945: 6939: 6933: 6932: 6930: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6843: 6841: 6835: 6834: 6832: 6831: 6829:List of topics 6825: 6822: 6821: 6819: articles 6813: 6812: 6805: 6798: 6790: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6777: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6759: 6757:Union dividend 6754: 6753: 6752: 6747: 6739: 6738: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6718: 6716: 6712: 6711: 6709: 6708: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6670: 6669: 6664: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6637: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6604: 6603: 6601:Re-forestation 6590: 6585: 6584: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6563: 6558: 6557: 6556: 6551: 6544:Food and drink 6541: 6536: 6535: 6534: 6524: 6518: 6516: 6512: 6511: 6509: 6508: 6503: 6502: 6501: 6491: 6486: 6485: 6484: 6479: 6469: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6444: 6438: 6436: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6373: 6371: 6367: 6366: 6363: 6362: 6360: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6331: 6330: 6320: 6314: 6312: 6311:Wales-specific 6308: 6307: 6305: 6304: 6299: 6297:Economic torts 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6258: 6257: 6252: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6196: 6195: 6194: 6193: 6183: 6172: 6170: 6163: 6159: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6135: 6133: 6129: 6128: 6126: 6125: 6123:Defunct banks 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6088: 6086: 6079: 6073: 6072: 6070: 6069: 6068: 6067: 6057: 6055:Business rates 6052: 6047: 6041: 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6013: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6003: 6002: 5997: 5991: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5979: 5978: 5971: 5964: 5956: 5947: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5922: 5921:External links 5919: 5917: 5916: 5904: 5887: 5857: 5825: 5796: 5771: 5745: 5720: 5693: 5684: 5656: 5642: 5616: 5585: 5560: 5532: 5508: 5497:on 9 June 2011 5491:"Steam report" 5482: 5457: 5431: 5406: 5373: 5336: 5297: 5265: 5254: 5228: 5202: 5169: 5136: 5110: 5085: 5053: 5040:lshubwales.com 5027: 5001: 4968: 4943: 4917: 4891: 4880:on 4 July 2011 4865: 4854: 4822: 4810:www.bupa.co.uk 4797: 4771: 4769:2 January 2008 4756: 4727: 4702: 4679: 4653: 4635: 4632:. 6 July 2018. 4621: 4595: 4564: 4538: 4512: 4487: 4462: 4440: 4414: 4386: 4354: 4327: 4313: 4299: 4259: 4203: 4177: 4154: 4141:Public Finance 4127: 4102: 4076: 4056: 4031: 4006: 3981: 3956: 3928: 3910: 3898:www.ons.gov.uk 3882: 3870:www.ons.gov.uk 3857: 3831: 3813: 3795: 3778: 3761: 3741: 3729:www.ons.gov.uk 3716: 3704:www.ons.gov.uk 3684: 3658: 3628: 3591: 3562: 3529: 3500: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3453: 3437: 3425: 3416: 3407: 3398: 3389: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3330:(City regions) 3323: 3320: 3313: 3312: 3306: 3298: 3292: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3269: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3251: 3250: 3242: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3224: 3223: 3215: 3207: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3196: 3188: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3170: 3169: 3161: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3143: 3142: 3134: 3126: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3107: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3080: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3062: 3061: 3053: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3026: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3008: 3007: 2999: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2981: 2980: 2972: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2927: 2924: 2907:Merthyr Tydfil 2894: 2891: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2811:Hafren Dyfrdwy 2797:Hafren Dyfrdwy 2784: 2781: 2768: 2765: 2742: 2739: 2698: 2695: 2642: 2639: 2612: 2609: 2595: 2594: 2584: 2583: 2575: 2573:Cardiff Castle 2569: 2568: 2565: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2551: 2550: 2542: 2536: 2535: 2527: 2521: 2520: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2497: 2491: 2490: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2467: 2461: 2460: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2437: 2431: 2430: 2427: 2391: 2388: 2377: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2336: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2294: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2273: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2210: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2189: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2168: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2139: 2138: 2135: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2107: 2106: 2098: 2084: 2083: 2075: 2061: 2060: 2052: 2038: 2037: 2029: 2015: 2014: 2006: 1992: 1991: 1983: 1969: 1968: 1960: 1946: 1945: 1937: 1923: 1922: 1914: 1900: 1899: 1891: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1858: 1846:European Union 1841: 1838: 1810: 1807: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1732: 1729: 1720: 1717: 1691:Main article: 1688: 1685: 1612: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1579: 1525: 1522: 1511: 1508: 1488: 1485: 1477:United Kingdom 1461:Main article: 1458: 1455: 1443:Main article: 1440: 1437: 1433:Brains Brewery 1424:Main article: 1421: 1420:Food and drink 1418: 1359: 1356: 1340:Main article: 1337: 1334: 1330:Thomas Carroll 1292:Main article: 1289: 1286: 1250: 1247: 1239: 1236: 1227: 1224: 1211:Basque Country 1198: 1197:Basque Country 1195: 1187:personal taxes 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1147: 1144: 1064: 1061: 1047: 1044: 1019:determined at 1015:are currently 1009:Wales Act 2014 990: 987: 985: 982: 968: 965: 956: 953: 947: 944: 941: 940: 937: 934: 931: 927: 926: 923: 920: 917: 913: 912: 909: 906: 903: 899: 898: 895: 892: 889: 885: 884: 881: 878: 875: 871: 870: 867: 864: 861: 857: 856: 853: 850: 847: 843: 842: 839: 836: 833: 829: 828: 825: 822: 819: 815: 814: 811: 808: 805: 801: 800: 797: 794: 791: 787: 786: 783: 780: 777: 773: 772: 769: 766: 763: 759: 758: 755: 752: 749: 745: 744: 741: 738: 735: 731: 730: 727: 724: 721: 717: 716: 713: 710: 707: 703: 702: 699: 696: 693: 689: 688: 685: 682: 679: 675: 674: 671: 668: 665: 661: 660: 657: 654: 651: 647: 646: 643: 640: 637: 633: 632: 629: 626: 623: 619: 618: 615: 612: 609: 592: 589: 573: 572:Fiscal Balance 570: 542: 539: 527: 524: 515: 512: 469: 466: 464: 461: 442:On the whole, 423: 422: 420: 419: 414: 409: 406: 403: 400: 397: 394: 391: 388: 385: 378: 377: 376: 374: 371: 368: 367: 365: 364: 359: 354: 351: 348: 345: 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 327: 320: 319: 318: 316: 313: 310: 309: 306: 302: 301: 299: 298: 293: 288: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 257: 256: 255: 253: 250: 247: 246: 244: 243: 238: 233: 230: 227: 224: 221: 218: 215: 212: 209: 206: 199: 198: 197: 195: 192: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 176: 175: 172: 169: 166: 165: 162: 158: 157: 155: 154: 151: 148: 145: 142: 139: 136: 133: 130: 127: 120: 119: 118: 116: 113: 110: 109: 106: 103: 100: 99: 98:£27,274 (2022) 96: 94:GDP per capita 93: 90: 89: 86: 80: 79: 76: 72: 71: 67: 66: 61: 56: 53: 52: 47: 43: 42: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8124: 8113: 8110: 8109: 8107: 8092: 8089: 8088: 8086: 8082: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8050:Faroe Islands 8048: 8046: 8043: 8042: 8040: 8034: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8022:South Ossetia 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7869:Liechtenstein 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7803: 7800: 7798: 7795: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7739: 7737: 7733: 7729: 7722: 7717: 7715: 7710: 7708: 7703: 7702: 7699: 7689: 7688: 7675: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7648: 7647:national flag 7645: 7644: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7626: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7597: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7559: 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7116: 7115:Republicanism 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7053: 7051: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7029: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6951: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6934: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6840: 6836: 6830: 6827: 6826: 6823: 6818: 6811: 6806: 6804: 6799: 6797: 6792: 6791: 6788: 6776: 6768: 6767: 6764: 6758: 6755: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6719: 6717: 6713: 6707: 6704: 6700: 6697: 6696: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 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Visit Wales 5545: 5539: 5537: 5518: 5512: 5496: 5492: 5486: 5468: 5461: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5417: 5410: 5391: 5384: 5377: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5351: 5346: 5340: 5321: 5317: 5310: 5304: 5302: 5282: 5275: 5269: 5263: 5258: 5242: 5238: 5232: 5216: 5212: 5206: 5190: 5186: 5185: 5180: 5173: 5157: 5153: 5152: 5147: 5140: 5124: 5120: 5114: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5070: 5063: 5057: 5041: 5037: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5005: 4989: 4985: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4973: 4957: 4953: 4947: 4931: 4927: 4921: 4905: 4901: 4895: 4879: 4875: 4869: 4863: 4858: 4839: 4832: 4826: 4811: 4807: 4801: 4786: 4782: 4775: 4768: 4765: 4760: 4745: 4741: 4734: 4732: 4716: 4712: 4706: 4690: 4683: 4668: 4664: 4657: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4631: 4625: 4609: 4605: 4599: 4584: 4577: 4571: 4569: 4552: 4551:The Green age 4548: 4542: 4526: 4525:BBC Cymru Fyw 4522: 4516: 4501: 4500:www.monbs.com 4497: 4491: 4476: 4472: 4466: 4457: 4455: 4453: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4429:. 7 June 2019 4428: 4424: 4418: 4403: 4399: 4393: 4391: 4371: 4364: 4358: 4347: 4340: 4334: 4332: 4323: 4317: 4309: 4303: 4284: 4280: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4192: 4188: 4181: 4165: 4158: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4116: 4112: 4106: 4090: 4086: 4080: 4069: 4063: 4061: 4045: 4041: 4035: 4020: 4016: 4010: 3995: 3991: 3985: 3970: 3966: 3960: 3945: 3941: 3935: 3933: 3924: 3920: 3914: 3899: 3895: 3889: 3887: 3871: 3867: 3861: 3845: 3841: 3835: 3824: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3799: 3788: 3782: 3771: 3765: 3754: 3748: 3746: 3730: 3726: 3720: 3705: 3701: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3673:. 31 May 2022 3672: 3668: 3662: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3637:"Llantrisant" 3632: 3616: 3612: 3611:UK Trade Info 3608: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3580: 3576: 3569: 3567: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3517: 3513: 3507: 3505: 3488: 3487: 3482: 3476: 3472: 3457: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3432: 3430: 3420: 3411: 3402: 3393: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3325: 3319: 3311: 3307: 3305: 3304: 3299: 3297: 3293: 3291: 3290: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3270: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3252: 3243: 3235: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3216: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3189: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3171: 3162: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3135: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3108: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3092:Gwent Valleys 3091: 3090: 3081: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3063: 3054: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3027: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3009: 3000: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2982: 2973: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2923: 2921: 2917: 2916:labour market 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2890: 2888: 2887:Objective One 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2861: 2857: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2825:and parts of 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2807: 2803: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2753:Milford Haven 2748: 2738: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2659:Severn Tunnel 2656: 2652: 2647: 2637: 2629: 2625: 2617: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2590: 2585: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2537: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2477: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2397: 2387: 2384: 2375: 2363: 2358: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2317: 2316: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2296: 2295: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2275: 2274: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2254: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2233: 2232: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2212: 2211: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2159:United States 2149: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2132: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2113: 2108: 2099: 2097: 2086: 2085: 2076: 2074: 2063: 2062: 2053: 2051: 2040: 2039: 2030: 2028: 2017: 2016: 2007: 2005: 1994: 1993: 1984: 1982: 1971: 1970: 1961: 1959: 1948: 1947: 1938: 1936: 1935:United States 1925: 1924: 1915: 1913: 1902: 1901: 1892: 1890: 1879: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1837: 1835: 1834:data transfer 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1806: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1728: 1726: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1700: 1694: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1608: 1599: 1597: 1587: 1575: 1557: 1533: 1531: 1521: 1517: 1510:Manufacturing 1507: 1505: 1504:Monmouthshire 1501: 1500:Blaenau Gwent 1494: 1484: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1464: 1454: 1452: 1446: 1436: 1434: 1427: 1417: 1415: 1410: 1407: 1402: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1385:), gas (e.g. 1384: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1343: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1307: 1305: 1301: 1295: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1271:in West Wales 1270: 1265: 1260: 1256: 1245: 1235: 1232: 1226:Preston Model 1223: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1203: 1194: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1175: 1166: 1152: 1143: 1141: 1136: 1134: 1133: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1069:public sector 1060: 1057: 1053: 1052:Andrew Davies 1043: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 996: 981: 978: 973: 964: 960: 952: 938: 935: 932: 929: 928: 924: 921: 918: 915: 914: 910: 907: 904: 901: 900: 896: 893: 890: 887: 886: 882: 879: 876: 873: 872: 868: 865: 862: 859: 858: 854: 851: 848: 845: 844: 840: 837: 834: 831: 830: 826: 823: 820: 817: 816: 812: 809: 806: 803: 802: 798: 795: 792: 789: 788: 784: 781: 778: 775: 774: 770: 767: 764: 761: 760: 756: 753: 750: 747: 746: 742: 739: 736: 733: 732: 728: 725: 722: 719: 718: 714: 711: 708: 705: 704: 700: 697: 694: 691: 690: 686: 683: 680: 677: 676: 672: 669: 666: 663: 662: 658: 655: 652: 649: 648: 644: 641: 638: 635: 634: 630: 627: 624: 621: 620: 616: 613: 610: 607: 606: 600: 598: 588: 584: 582: 578: 569: 567: 562: 560: 556: 552: 548: 538: 535: 532: 523: 519: 511: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 476: 460: 457: 453: 449: 448:UK government 445: 440: 438: 434: 430: 415: 413: 412:£16.1bn Total 410: 407: 404: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 383: 382: 375: 369: 360: 358: 357:£16.1bn Total 355: 352: 349: 346: 343: 340: 337: 334: 331: 328: 325: 324: 317: 311: 307: 303: 294: 292: 291:£15.2bn Total 289: 286: 283: 280: 277: 274: 271: 268: 265: 262: 261: 254: 248: 239: 237: 236:£15.2bn Total 234: 231: 228: 225: 222: 219: 216: 213: 210: 207: 204: 203: 196: 190: 186: 182: 177: 173: 167: 163: 159: 152: 149: 146: 143: 140: 137: 134: 131: 128: 125: 124: 117: 111: 107: 101: 97: 91: 87: 85: 81: 77: 73: 68: 65: 62: 59: 54: 51: 48: 44: 39: 35: 30: 25: 16: 8027:Transnistria 7989:Vatican City 7678: 7664:Welsh Dragon 7532:Christianity 7352:Demographics 7310: / 7190: 7135:Wales Office 7100:Local rulers 6949:Biodiversity 6852:Bibliography 6689:Supermarkets 6684:Architecture 6506:Unemployment 6287:Property law 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