25:
417:
464:
476:
452:
159:. He was at this time submitting ideas that were not exactly parallel to those of Thomas Aquinas. This was the production of the first extensive commentary on the "Sentences", published in 1303–8 (unedited). After review of the first commentary, it seemed very improbable that Durandus could have been a follower of Aquinas prior to 1307.
291:
of Christ do not prove his divinity, Durandus says, his acceptance by
Christians enhances the merit of believing. After all, says Durandus, theology is not strictly a science, since it rests on faith, not on the first principles of knowledge. Durandus teaches, besides, that all actions proceed from
170:
This second version of the commentary was written around 1310–1312 (unedited). This did much to help respond to the criticisms that he had received previously but instead brought on more criticism and grief. Additionally, his scholarly efforts and the receipt of his doctrine in theology, from the
183:
Meanwhile, Durand wrote his last of the three commentaries, the one for which he is most famous. In this final commentary, Durand returned to several of his initial stances. He was not just famous for this controversial commentary and the earlier one, but also for his surveying of
Aquinas in the
271:
Durandus invented the notion of an intrinsically evil act, which he explains in the context of the concept of fortification, where "it" is intrinsically evil. In the ideas of fortification, Durandus does indeed coincide with Thomas
Aquinas and his natural-law argument, but only in simple
167:. This was a doctoral quarrel and an illustration of the fourteenth-century doctoral tensions. It was at this time that Durandus of Saint-Pourçain set out to write his second commentary on the "Sentences", which he adhered more closely to Aquinas's way.
179:
in 1326, where he later died. He was highly regarded by Pope John XXII and assigned by him to examine the orthodoxy of
William Ockham in 1324–25. The pope also consulted him on difficult cases with many entrusted diplomatic missions attributed to him.
162:
Since Thomas
Aquinas was held at a higher standing than any other doctor within the Dominican order, they were to defend and uphold his ideas predominately. This caused Durand to be criticized from one of the leading Dominican followers of Aquinas,
188:
owing to his strenuous advocacy of certain opinions novel to contemporary academics. Although
Durandus faced many controversial issues both inside and outside his order, centuries later he was commended for his work alongside
171:
University of Paris in 1312, did not make much of a difference either, leading to the
Dominican order initiating two formal investigations. The first investigation was in 1312–1314 and the other in 1316/17.
174:
Despite these conflicts, Durandus was appointed to lecture at papal curia in
Avignon. He was consecrated Bishop in three places; first of Limoux, then of Le Puy-en-Velay in 1318, and was transferred to the
427:
287:, such as that of the Trinity, cannot be shown not to contain impossibilities, but that to believe them nevertheless increases the merit of faith. Because the
253:
394:
Iribarren, I. (2002). "Some Points of
Contention in Medieval Trinitarian Theology: The Case of Durandus of Saint-Pourçain in the Early Fourteenth Century."
276:
521:
292:
God who gives the power to act, but that this is no immediate influx of the creator upon the actions of the creature. According to
Durandus, the
54:
128:. Little is known of Durandus of Saint-Pourçain prior to 1307 but some small facts. His preliminary work was prepared in some Dominican
536:
137:
506:
531:
76:
47:
516:
109:
408:
Dedek, J. F. (20 February 2012). "Premarital Sex: The Theological Argument From Peter Lombard to Durand."
121:
149:
526:
442:
265:
511:
325:
D. Durandi a Sancto Porciano super sententias theologiae Petri Lombardi commentariorum libri quatuor…
37:
41:
33:
340:
Scriptores ordinis prædicatorum recensiti, notisque historicis illustrati ad annum 1700 auctoribus
58:
432:
245:
184:
Dominican order and being influential throughout the early modern period. He became known as
501:
496:
307:
Throughout, Durandus shows willingness to be corrected by the Catholic Church. By order of
8:
125:
468:
334:
456:
261:
176:
164:
300:
is not strictly a sacrament. He also suggests that Christ could be present in the
133:
283:) from that obtained through faith and revelation. Durandus argues that certain
308:
490:
480:
421:
249:
156:
97:
346:
382:
Durandus of St. Pourçain: A Dominican Theologian in the Shadow of Aquinas
315:
was examined, and theologians concluded that it contained eleven errors.
190:
101:
241:
232:
105:
356:
301:
293:
145:
141:
330:
463:
420: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
297:
140:, and studied at the University of Paris to which he obtained his
375:
La faculté de théologie de Paris et ses docteurs la plus célèbres
366:
288:
260:), introduced, he says, to explain sense-perception, as also the
252:
is made to begin with him. He rejects both the sensible and the
284:
96:; c. 1275 – 13 September 1332 / 10 September 1334) was a
197:
371:
Histoire des mâitres géneraux de l'Ordre de Frères Prêcheurs
296:
are only causes without which grace is not conferred, and
268:, as distinct from the specific nature of the individual.
440:
16:
French Dominican, philosopher, theologian and bishop
384:. New York, United States: Oxford University Press.
304:with the substances of bread and wine remaining.
488:
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
403:The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy
389:A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages
338:
425:
387:Gracia, J. J., & Noone, T. B. (2003),
275:In theology he argued for a separation of
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
522:14th-century French Catholic theologians
405:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
244:was so much opposed to the contemporary
391:. Malden, MA, United States: Blackwell.
489:
436:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
18:
351:Geschichte der Philosophie im M. A.
13:
426:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
155:He lectured on the "Sentences" of
14:
548:
537:14th-century French philosophers
474:
462:
450:
415:
23:
363:, Pt. II (Paris, 1880), II 3446
1:
361:De la philosophie scolastique
318:
7:
150:Master of the Sacred Palace
10:
553:
507:Bishops of Le Puy-en-Velay
428:Durandus of Saint-Pourçain
373:(Paris, 1907) III, 69–86;
266:principle of individuation
90:Durandus of Saint-Pourçain
532:14th-century philosophers
248:that the third period of
222:Second Version (1310–12)
94:Durand of Saint-Pourçain
32:This article includes a
517:Scholastic philosophers
225:Third Version (1317–27)
219:First Version (1303–08)
203:
115:
61:more precise citations.
380:Iribarren, I. (2005),
339:
258:species intelligibiles
208:His writings include:
433:Catholic Encyclopedia
246:philosophical realism
186:Doctor Resolutissimus
254:intelligible species
212:Commentaries on the
410:Theological Studies
401:Pasnau, R. (2010).
412:, 41 (1980) 644–4.
281:cognitio naturalis
34:list of references
527:French Dominicans
313:De statu animarum
277:natural knowledge
148:called him to be
132:. He entered the
87:
86:
79:
544:
512:Bishops of Meaux
479:
478:
477:
467:
466:
455:
454:
453:
446:
437:
419:
418:
342:
264:. He denies the
262:active intellect
177:diocese of Meaux
165:Hervaeus Natalis
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
57:this article by
48:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
552:
551:
547:
546:
545:
543:
542:
541:
487:
486:
485:
475:
473:
461:
451:
449:
441:
416:
377:, III, 401–408.
321:
272:fortification.
206:
196:Durand died in
142:doctoral degree
134:Dominican Order
120:He was born at
118:
92:(also known as
83:
72:
66:
63:
52:
38:related reading
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
550:
540:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
484:
483:
471:
459:
439:
438:
413:
406:
399:
398:, 57, 289–315.
392:
385:
378:
364:
354:
344:
335:Jacques Échard
328:
327:(Paris, 1550).
320:
317:
309:Pope John XXII
238:
237:
228:
227:
226:
223:
220:
205:
202:
122:Saint-Pourçain
117:
114:
85:
84:
42:external links
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
549:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
494:
492:
482:
472:
470:
465:
460:
458:
448:
447:
444:
435:
434:
429:
423:
422:public domain
414:
411:
407:
404:
400:
397:
393:
390:
386:
383:
379:
376:
372:
368:
365:
362:
358:
355:
352:
348:
345:
341:
336:
332:
329:
326:
323:
322:
316:
314:
311:the treatise
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:Scholasticism
247:
243:
235:
234:
229:
224:
221:
218:
217:
215:
211:
210:
209:
201:
199:
194:
192:
187:
181:
178:
172:
168:
166:
160:
158:
157:Peter Lombard
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
81:
78:
70:
60:
56:
50:
49:
43:
39:
35:
30:
21:
20:
431:
409:
402:
395:
388:
381:
374:
370:
360:
350:
324:
312:
306:
280:
274:
270:
257:
239:
231:
213:
207:
195:
185:
182:
173:
169:
161:
154:
129:
119:
93:
89:
88:
73:
64:
53:Please help
45:
502:1332 deaths
497:1275 births
469:Catholicism
191:Bonaventure
102:philosopher
100:Dominican,
59:introducing
491:Categories
319:References
294:sacraments
242:nominalism
236:(1312–16).
233:Quodlibeta
106:theologian
67:April 2014
457:Biography
353:, II, 976
347:A. Stöckl
302:Eucharist
214:Sentences
146:Clement V
144:in 1313.
396:Traditio
343:, I, 586
298:marriage
289:miracles
138:Clermont
126:Auvergne
443:Portals
424::
367:Mortier
357:Hauréau
130:studium
55:improve
481:France
331:Quétif
285:dogmas
110:bishop
108:, and
98:French
230:Five
198:Meaux
40:, or
333:and
240:His
204:Work
116:Life
430:".
136:at
493::
369:,
359:,
349:,
337:,
216::
200:.
193:.
152:.
124:,
112:.
104:,
44:,
36:,
445::
279:(
256:(
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.