337:, a Zheng official, was captured. Du Yan was not on friendly terms with Du Ruhui and his brothers and who had given information to Wang that Du Ruhui's older brother was not faithful to Zheng, causing Wang to execute Du Ruhui's older brother and to imprison Du Ruhui's younger brother Du Chuke. Du Ruhui was originally intending to allow Li Shimin to execute Du Yan, but Du Chuke reasoned with him that even though Du Yan had caused their brother's death, they should not in turn cause an uncle's death. Du Ruhui relented and interceded on Du Yan's behalf, and Du Yan was spared. Du and Fang continued to serve as key advisors for Li Shimin, and it was said that Fang was capable of planning and strategizing, but was not resolute, while Du was capable of making quick and correct decisions, and they divided their strategical responsibilities while on Li Shimin's staff in that manner. (This eventually led to the Chinese proverb "Fang plans and Du decides" (房謀杜斷,
616:-- also in vol. 66 -- gave yet different names for the lineage, giving the names of Du Yan's grandfather as Du Ye (杜業) and father as Du Zheng (杜徵). It might be that Du Yan was not actually an uncle but only someone one generation higher in the Du clan. However, if this is true, the historical accounts gave no indication of such other than the discrepancies in the names of ancestors.
33:
578:, however, contained a biography of Du Gao, the contents of which were consistent with Du Ruhui's biography but did not mention Du Ruhui's father Du Zha as a son -- and made a stray reference to Du Gao's older brother as Du Changhui (杜長暉), which many later historians believed to be intended to be a lead-in to Du Ruhui's family tree. As "Changhui" could be a
414:. It was said that at this time that the Fang and Du became known as the model for chancellors. During this time, remembering Gao Xiaoji's kindness toward him, he commissioned a stone tablet monument for Gao. Around the new year of 630, however, Du resigned due to illness. By spring 630, he was near death. Emperor Taizong initially sent his crown prince
393:) the Prince of Huai'an, himself a key general, objected to being ranked below Fang and Du, stating that Fang and Du, in particular, were only bureaucrats, Emperor Taizong pointed out that it was with their strategies that he was able to become emperor, Li Shentong relented, which led to the other objectors to also cease their objections.
418:
to visit Du, and then did so himself as well. Du soon died. For a long time, whenever
Emperor Taizong received precious items, he would think of Du, and he would send messengers to deliver some of the items to Du's family. He also often wept while talking with Fang, stating, "Both you and Du Ruhui
370:
and killed them, and then effectively forced
Emperor Gaozu to create him crown prince. Once he was created crown prince, Fang and Du were restored to honored positions on his staff, and soon, Du was made the minister of defense. Two months later, Emperor Gaozu yielded the throne to Li Shimin (as
442:
However, the honored position of the Du clan did not last long. Later in 643, Du He was implicated in a plot with Li
Chengqian to overthrow Emperor Taizong (as Li Chengqian, who had by then lost Emperor Taizong's favor, was fearful that Emperor Taizong would depose him and replace him with his
356:
the Prince of Qi, feared Fang's and Du's strategic capabilities, they falsely accused both Fang and Du and had them demoted out of Li Shimin's staff. In summer 626, when Li Shimin decided to act against Li
Jiancheng and Li Yuanji, however, he summoned Fang and Du to his mansion. Fang and Du,
265:
Du Ruhui himself was considered intelligent in his youth, and he often discussed literature and history with others. During
Emperor Wen's reign, he participated in the civil service selection process, and the deputy minister of civil service affairs, Gao Xiaoji
361:
to summon Fang and Du, with directions that if they declined again, to kill them. Yuchi, however, was able to persuade them that Li Shimin was in fact intending on acting against Li
Jiancheng and Li Yuanji, and so Fang and Du put on disguises as
299:
the Prince of Qin, a major general. At that time, Li Shimin had many talented people on his staff, and soon, many were commissioned to be local officials. Du was scheduled to become the secretary general for Shan
Prefecture (陝州, roughly modern
312:
pointed out that Du was highly talented and that Li Shimin could not afford to lose him. Li Shimin thus interceded with
Emperor Gaozu to keep Du on his staff. Du later followed Li Shimin in campaigns against Tang's major enemies
697:
481:
It appears fairly clear that Du Hui, not Du Guo/Gao (with "Guo" and "Gao" being two easily confused characters), was Du Ruhui's grandfather, but not completely. Du Ruhui's biography in the
366:
monks and were able to get to Li Shimin's mansions, where they assisted Li Shimin in planning the ambush against Li
Jiancheng and Li Yuanji. Li Shimin subsequently ambushed his brothers at
690:
379:
Late in 626, when
Emperor Taizong personally ranked the contributions of the generals and officials in order to grant them fiefs, Emperor Taizong ranked five of them—Fang Xuanling,
683:
256:) was a provincial secretary general during Sui. Du Ruhui had at least one older brother, whose name is lost to history, and one younger brother, Du Chuke (
329:
the Prince of Xia, contributing strategies to Li Shimin's campaigns. For his achievements, Du was created the Baron of Jianping. (When the Zheng capital
868:
272:), was particularly impressed with him. Gao gave him the post as a county magistrate, although Du did not remain at that post for long and resigned.
352:, and Fang and Du often suggested that he act first against Li Jiancheng. As both Li Jiancheng and another brother who supported Li Jiancheng,
863:
582:
for Du Hui (particularly since Du Gao's courtesy name was mentioned as Zihui (子暉)), those historians of this camp believed that the
419:
assisted me. Now I only see you, and not him." For reasons unclear, he changed Du's title posthumously to Duke of Lai, with the
357:
initially fearing Emperor Gaozu's orders forbidding them to serve Li Shimin, declined. In anger, Li Shimin sent the general
883:
639:
521:
629:
493:
562:
873:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
597:
387:
to be contributors of the highest grade, and Du was created the Duke of Cai. When Emperor Gaozu's cousin Li Shentong (
411:
187:
556:
436:
878:
675:
792:
439:
to commemorate the 24 great contributors to Tang rule, Du's was one of the portraits commissioned.
344:
Later in Emperor Gaozu's reign, Li Shimin was locked in an intense rivalry with his older brother
367:
296:
191:
586:
biography for Du Gao confirmed that Du Guo/Gao was Du Ruhui's granduncle, not grandfather. The
487:
first said that Du Hui was his grandfather, and then said that Du Guo was his grandfather. See
752:
547:-- which, in turn, did not actually have a biography for anyone named Du Guo or Du Gao. See
284:
8:
858:
853:
295:
at Chang'an (as its Emperor Gaozu). Du Ruhui served on the staff of Emperor Gaozu's son
288:
215:
429:) in marriage and created Du He the Duke of Xiangyang. (Du Ruhui's oldest son Du Gou (
211:
435:) inherited the title of Duke of Lai.) In 643, when Emperor Taizong commissioned the
423:
Cheng (成, "successful"). He gave his daughter Princess Chengyang to Du's son Du He (
706:
634:
624:
511:
483:
787:
548:
420:
160:
525:
644:
588:
497:
566:
847:
802:
737:
717:
579:
380:
322:
309:
235:
199:
176:
817:
807:
762:
415:
349:
345:
292:
195:
165:
156:
39:
777:
742:
722:
705:
539:
219:
202:, were often described as role models for chancellors in imperial China.
832:
767:
747:
358:
326:
318:
314:
822:
812:
797:
782:
772:
732:
384:
353:
301:
406:), a head of the important executive bureau of the government (尚書省,
827:
72:
54:
592:, for example, referred to Du Ruhui as Du Guo's grandnephew. See
447:
the Prince of Wei). Du He was executed, while Du Gou was exiled.
757:
601:
330:
281:
250:) was particularly well-regarded during Sui. His father Du Zha (
76:
58:
444:
363:
334:
140:
305:
612:, vol. 48. The biography of Du Ruhui's uncle Du Yan in the
600:. See also the correspondence between Liao Weiyu (廖位育) and
32:
707:
Twenty-four meritorious officials of Lingyan Pavilion
234:) were both officials for Sui's predecessor state
374:
845:
543:, mentioning that Du Guo's biography was in the
469:era, per Emperor Taizong's biography (vol.3) of
218:, which came from the region around the capital
287:rebelled against the rule of Emperor Wen's son
275:
210:Du Ruhui was born in 585, during the reign of
691:
430:
424:
401:
388:
267:
257:
251:
245:
239:
229:
223:
465:day of the 3rd month of the 4th year of the
333:fell to Li Shimin in 621, Du Ruhui's uncle
698:
684:
515:gave only Du Guo as his grandfather. See
869:Chancellors under Emperor Taizong of Tang
186:, was a Chinese official who served as a
537:. However, both works referred to the
450:
846:
679:
205:
396:In 629, Du, along with Fang, became
308:), when Li Shimin's trusted advisor
13:
410:) and a post considered one for a
222:. His great-grandfather Du Jiao (
14:
895:
291:, and by 618 had established the
864:Sui dynasty government officials
341:), after they became renowned.)
31:
475:
456:
375:During Emperor Taizong's reign
1:
584:History of Northern Dynasties
557:History of Northern Dynasties
437:Portraits at Lingyan Pavilion
238:, and his granduncle Du Guo (
276:During Emperor Gaozu's reign
37:Portrait of Du Ruhui in the
7:
884:Transition from Sui to Tang
69:630 (aged 44–45)
10:
900:
549:Table of Contents for the
325:the Emperor of Zheng, and
228:) and grandfather Du Hui (
154:
713:
431:
425:
402:
389:
268:
258:
252:
246:
240:
230:
224:
133:
125:
108:
100:
83:
65:
47:
30:
21:
280:In 617, the governor of
198:. He and his colleague,
182:, posthumously known as
604:in the appendix of the
93:Duke Cheng of Lai (萊成公)
874:Politicians from Xi'an
383:, Du, Yuchi Gong, and
451:Notes and references
317:the Emperor of Qin,
879:Du clan of Jingzhao
321:the Dingyang Khan,
216:Du clan of Jingzhao
214:. He was from the
175:(585 – 6 May 630),
371:Emperor Taizong).
212:Emperor Wen of Sui
206:During Sui dynasty
146:Du Chuke (brother)
841:
840:
184:Duke Cheng of Lai
153:
152:
891:
700:
693:
686:
677:
676:
635:New Book of Tang
625:Old Book of Tang
617:
614:Old Book of Tang
577:
575:
574:
565:. Archived from
536:
534:
533:
524:. Archived from
517:New Book of Tang
512:New Book of Tang
508:
506:
505:
496:. Archived from
489:Old Book of Tang
484:Old Book of Tang
479:
473:
471:Old Book of Tang
460:
434:
433:
428:
427:
405:
404:
392:
391:
339:Fang mou Du duan
271:
270:
261:
260:
255:
254:
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248:
243:
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233:
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227:
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84:Other names
35:
19:
18:
16:Chinese official
899:
898:
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893:
892:
890:
889:
888:
844:
843:
842:
837:
788:Zhangsun Shunde
709:
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620:
606:Bo Yang Edition
572:
570:
561:
531:
529:
520:
503:
501:
494:"舊唐書 列傳 卷十一至二十"
492:
480:
476:
461:
457:
453:
421:posthumous name
377:
278:
208:
192:Emperor Taizong
170:
149:
121:
96:
79:
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61:
52:
43:
26:
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5:
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645:Zizhi Tongjian
641:
631:
619:
618:
610:Zizhi Tongjian
594:Zizhi Tongjian
589:Zizhi Tongjian
563:"北史 列傳 卷五一至六十"
522:"唐書 列傳 第十一至二五"
474:
454:
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408:Shangshu Sheng
376:
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277:
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53:
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45:
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36:
28:
27:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
896:
885:
882:
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877:
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872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
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852:
851:
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834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
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803:Zhang Gongjin
801:
799:
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789:
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781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
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756:
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749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
718:Zhangsun Wuji
716:
715:
712:
708:
701:
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682:
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671:
667:
663:
659:
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647:
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637:
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627:
626:
622:
621:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:
585:
581:
580:courtesy name
569:on 2008-02-06
568:
564:
559:
558:
553:
552:
546:
542:
541:
528:on 2008-02-10
527:
523:
518:
514:
513:
500:on 2008-02-10
499:
495:
490:
486:
485:
478:
472:
468:
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459:
455:
448:
446:
440:
438:
422:
417:
413:
409:
399:
394:
386:
382:
381:Zhangsun Wuji
372:
369:
365:
360:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:Wang Shichong
320:
316:
311:
310:Fang Xuanling
307:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
283:
273:
263:
244:) or Du Gao (
237:
236:Northern Zhou
221:
217:
213:
203:
201:
200:Fang Xuanling
197:
194:in the early
193:
189:
185:
181:
178:
177:courtesy name
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86:
82:
78:
74:
68:
64:
60:
56:
50:
46:
42:
41:
34:
29:
20:
818:Liu Zhenghui
808:Cheng Zhijie
763:Duan Zhixuan
727:
643:
633:
623:
613:
609:
605:
593:
587:
583:
571:. Retrieved
567:the original
555:
550:
544:
538:
530:. Retrieved
526:the original
516:
510:
502:. Retrieved
498:the original
488:
482:
477:
470:
466:
462:
458:
441:
416:Li Chengqian
407:
397:
395:
378:
350:Crown Prince
346:Li Jiancheng
343:
338:
293:Tang dynasty
289:Emperor Yang
279:
264:
209:
196:Tang dynasty
183:
179:
172:
171:
164:
157:Chinese name
40:Sancai Tuhui
38:
793:Zhang Liang
723:Li Xiaogong
551:Book of Sui
545:Book of Sui
540:Book of Sui
368:Xuanwu Gate
161:family name
90:Keming (克明)
859:630 deaths
854:585 births
848:Categories
768:Liu Hongji
748:Yuchi Gong
638:, vol. 96.
628:, vol. 66.
573:2008-02-11
560:, vol. 70
532:2007-12-18
519:, vol. 96
504:2007-12-18
491:, vol. 66
412:chancellor
359:Yuchi Gong
327:Dou Jiande
319:Liu Wuzhou
315:Xue Rengao
188:chancellor
101:Occupation
833:Qin Qiong
823:Tang Jian
813:Yu Shinan
798:Hou Junji
783:Chai Shao
773:Qutu Tong
738:Fang Qiao
733:Wei Zheng
467:Zhen'guan
385:Hou Junji
354:Li Yuanji
302:Sanmenxia
297:Li Shimin
134:Relatives
104:Statesman
828:Li Shiji
778:Yin Jiao
743:Gao Jian
728:Du Ruhui
648:, vols.
598:vol. 179
463:jia'shen
443:brother
220:Chang'an
173:Du Ruhui
155:In this
109:Children
23:Du Ruhui
758:Xiao Yu
753:Li Jing
608:of the
602:Bo Yang
554:. The
509:. The
331:Luoyang
285:Li Yuan
282:Taiyuan
143:(uncle)
77:Shaanxi
59:Shaanxi
445:Li Tai
364:Taoist
335:Du Yan
190:under
180:Keming
159:, the
141:Du Yan
129:Du Zha
126:Father
115:Du Gou
306:Henan
118:Du He
73:Xi'an
55:Xi'an
398:Puye
348:the
66:Died
48:Born
670:193
666:192
662:191
658:190
654:189
650:179
390:李神通
269:高孝基
262:).
259:杜楚客
163:is
51:585
25:杜如晦
850::
668:,
664:,
660:,
656:,
652:,
596:,
432:杜構
426:杜荷
403:僕射
304:,
253:杜吒
247:杜杲
241:杜果
231:杜徽
225:杜皎
166:Du
75:,
57:,
699:e
692:t
685:v
672:.
576:.
535:.
507:.
400:(
266:(
169:.
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