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Dragonslayer (1981 film)

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her advice. On his first day in New York City, MacNicol stopped by Brown's office to tell her he was now a Manhattan resident. While there, he heard the loud voices of actors coming from Brown's audition room. He asked Brown if anything right for him was in the project. She responded with a smile, "Well...actually, there is." An hour later, MacNicol was the front runner for the role of Galen. He was flown to England along with Caitlin Clarke for a screen test. Within a day or two, Paramount and Disney had said yes, and he was renting a flat in Chelsea. MacNicol had grown up riding horses—his first paid job was on a ranch near Arlington, Texas—so the young actor knew how to ride, even jump hurdles without a saddle, but during his pre-filming, he needed to learn to ride the type of trooper-style saddle they were using in the movie. Because he would have to ride on camera during action sequences, his riding skills had to be stress-tested. "They took away my stirrups, they took away my reins and whipped the horse, and then they told me to windmill my arms and turn a complete circle in the saddle. Then, they took away the saddle!" The young actor had already worked for two years in classical repertory theater and was highly trained in voice production. Nevertheless, a voice coach was hired to achieve the mid-Atlantic sound the role required. Having studied stage combat at the University of Minnesota (two years of classes in tumbling, foil, saber, rapier, and dagger), he was eager to do as much of the fighting as they would allow. The role also required some juggling and magic tricks. For this, he was mentored by British
690:. Barwood and Robbins rejected the traditional conceptions of the medieval world to give the film more realism: "Our film has no knights in shining armor, no pennants streaming in the breeze, no delicate ladies with diaphanous veils waving from turreted castles, no courtly love, no holy grail. Instead, they set out to create a very strange world with a lot of weird values and customs, steeped in superstition, where the clothes and manners of the people were rough, their homes and villages primitive, and their countryside almost primeval, so that the idea of magic would be a natural part of their existence." For this reason, they chose to set the film after the 909: 1892: 937: 2173: 711: 851: 557:, or "Dragonslayer") with the ability to pierce the dragon's armored hide. Valerian gathers some molted dragon scales to create a shield for Galen. Valerian laments that, her cross-dressing disguise now blown, she will be eligible for the lottery since she is still a virgin, and that Galen has fallen in love with Princess Elspeth. Galen admits he has fallen in love, but with Valerian, not Elspeth. The couple kisses, realizing their romantic feelings for each other. 921: 2279: 541:
angered the dragon instead of killing it, as his brother and predecessor once did. The king confiscates the amulet and imprisons Galen. His daughter, Princess Elspeth, visits Galen and is shocked when he informs her of rumors that the lottery is rigged; it excludes her name and those others whose families are rich enough to bribe the king into disqualifying their children. Her father is unable to lie convincingly when she confronts him over this.
25: 745: 1009:". North was disappointed by the resulting dragon scenes, as they do not use the entirety of the pieces he composed for them. He later stated that he had written "a very lovely waltz for when the dragon first appears, with just a slight indication that this may not be a bad dragon". The waltz was replaced by tracks used earlier in the movie. 694:, prior to the arrival of Christianity. Barwood and Robins began to hastily work on the story outline on June 25, 1979, and completed it in early August. They received numerous refusals from various film studios, due to their inexperience in budget negotiations. The screenplay was eventually accepted by Paramount Pictures and 1385:
Australian label Southern Cross initially released an unauthorized soundtrack album in 1983 on LP (a boxed audiophile pressing, at 45 rpm), and in 1990 on CD. The first official and improved CD release came in 2010 by U.S. label La-La Land Records. The new album features newly mastered audio from the
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The costumes were designed by Anthony Mendelson, who consulted the British Museum, the London Library, and his own reference files to evoke the designs of the early Middle Ages. They are roughly stitched and use colors that would have been possible with the vegetable dyes of the time. The costumes of
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About 25% of the film's budget went into the dragon's special effects. Graphic artist David Bunnett was assigned to design the look, and was fed ideas on the movement mechanics, and then rendered the concepts on paper. They decided early to emphasize flying, because the most important sequence is the
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In the aftermath, villagers inspecting the dragon's corpse credit God with the victory. The king arrives and drives a sword into the dragon to claim the glory for himself. As Galen and Valerian leave Urland together, he confesses that he misses both Ulrich and the amulet. He says, "I just wish we had
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After his failure to kill Vermithrax, Valerian convinces Galen to leave Swanscombe with her. As both prepare to depart, the amulet gives Galen a vision of the "burning water" within the dragon's cave. Galen realizes that Ulrich had planned his own death and cremation, being too old and frail to make
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Ken Ralston was assigned to the flying scenes. He built a model with an articulated aluminum skeleton for a wide range of motion. Ralston shot films of birds flying to incorporate their movements into the model. As with the walking dragon, the flying model was filmed using go-motion techniques. The
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of Disney Studios closely followed in constructing the larger dragon props for close-up shots. Two months later, Lee's team finished a 16-foot head and neck assembly, a 30-foot tail, thighs, legs, claws capable of grabbing a man, and a 30-foot-wide (9.1 m) wing section. The parts were flown to
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Galen returns to the cave with the pouch. When he spreads the ashes over the fiery lake, the wizard is resurrected within the flames. Ulrich reveals that his time is short, and that Galen must destroy the amulet "when the time is right". The wizard then transports himself to a mountaintop, where he
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Galen is selected by the wizard's magical amulet as its next owner; encouraged, he journeys to Urland. On the way, he discovers Valerian is a young woman, who is disguised to avoid being selected in the lottery. In an effort to discourage the expedition, Tyrian kills Hodge. Just before dying, Hodge
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Peter MacNicol first met Robbins in the office of casting director, Debby Brown, who had seen MacNicol's work as Benvolio in Romeo and Juliet at the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis. She had left a note backstage for him, encouraging him to move to New York, saying, "he would do well there". He took
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sculpted and operated the dragon head used for close-up shots. The head measured 8 ft in length. The model was animated by a combination of radio controls, cable controls, air bladders, levers, and by hand—thus giving the illusion of a fully coordinated face with a wide range of expressions.
417:(1980), and is more mature than most contemporary Disney films. Because the audience expected the film be solely children's entertainment, the violence, adult themes and brief nudity were somewhat controversial, though Disney did not hold the North American distribution rights. The film was rated 841:
Caitlin Clarke was initially hesitant to involve herself in the film, as she was preparing to audition for a play in Chicago. Her agent insisted, though, and after doing an audition tape, was called back for more tests. Clarke failed them but managed to pass after doing another test at Robbins's
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Attempting to rescue Elspeth, Galen fights and kills Tyrian. The princess, however, is determined to make amends for all the girls whose names have been chosen in the past; she descends into the dragon's cave and to her death. Galen follows her and finds a brood of young dragons feasting on her
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Arriving in Urland, Galen inspects the dragon's lair and magically seals its entrance with a rockslide. Tyrian apprehends Galen and takes him to Castle Morgenthorme, from which King Casiodorus governs Urland. Casiodorus disputes that Galen is a real wizard and complains that his attack may have
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The expedition is followed by Tyrian, the brutal and cynical captain of Casiodorus's Royal Guard. His lieutenant Jerbul and he openly intimidate the wizard, doubtful of his abilities. Ulrich invites Tyrian to stab him to prove his magical powers. Tyrian does so and Ulrich dies instantly, to the
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and his own library, he took some artistic liberties in creating the thatched-roof houses, the granary, Simon's house and smithy, and Casiodorus's castle, because he was unable to find enough information on their exact look. He built the interior of the dragon's lair, using 25,000 cubic feet
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When the lottery begins anew to placate it, Elspeth rigs the draw so that only her name can be chosen. Desperate, King Casiodorus returns the amulet to Galen so that he might save Elspeth. Galen uses the amulet to enchant a heavy spear (forged by Valerian's father and dubbed
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magazine and commented, "Though the dialogue is occasionally stiff, there is a believable reality. When the people and setting of a fantasy are as carefully wrought as they are here, it is easy to get an audience to accept as small and wonderful a thing as a dragon."
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both gave the film three stars out of four in their respective print reviews. Siskel praised the "dazzling special effects" and the "convincing portrait by Ralph Richardson of the aged magician Ulrich", and Ebert called the scenes involving the dragon "first-rate".
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columnist Mike Hughes called the story "slight" and "slow-paced", but admired a "lyrical beauty to the setting and mood". Nonetheless, he warned: "In movie theaters, that came across wonderfully; on a little TV screen, this may be strictly for specialized tastes."
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summons a storm and confronts Vermithrax. After a brief battle, the monster snatches the old man and flies away with him. Cued by Ulrich, Galen crushes the amulet with a rock. The wizard's body explodes and kills the dragon, whose corpse falls from the sky.
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is a compelling and often brilliant fantasy film it seeks, as well, to impose modern sensibilities on its medieval characters and plot—20th-century political, sociological, and religious sensibilities, which only serve to dilute its particular strengths."
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Meanwhile, the dragon frees itself from its prison, causing an earthquake. Galen narrowly escapes from his prison, but without the amulet. The village priest, Brother Jacopus, leads his congregation to confront the dragon, denouncing it as the
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corpse. He slays them and goes on to find Vermithrax resting within an underground lake of fire. He manages to wound the great dragon, but the spear's wooden shaft is broken in the battle. Only Valerian's shield saves him from incineration.
464:, the only other visual effects nominee that year, whose special effects were also provided by ILM. Including the hydraulic 40-foot (12 m) model, the dragon consists of 16 puppets dedicated to flying, crawling, or breathing fire. 802:
Real World War II-era flamethrowers were used for the dragon's fire-breathing effects. The animals used for the dragon's vocalizations included lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars, alligators, pigs, camels, and elephants.
965:. The score's linear conception was developed through transparently layered and polyphonic orchestral texture, dominated by a medieval-style modal harmony. It was largely based on five major thematic concepts: 1486:
Fingeroth, Danny, 1981, The Making of Dragonslayer in Dragonslayer - The Official Marvel Comics Adaptation of the Spectacular Paramount/Disney Motion Picture, Marvel Super Special, 1, 20, Marvel Comics Group,
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s "Dawn of Man" sequence—which in that final film is played without music—and a waltz representing the dragon in flight that had been a variation of the cue "Space Station Docking", which in the final cut of
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techniques, and had his team build a dragon model that would move during each exposure, rather than in between, as was once the standard. This process, named "go motion" by Tippett, was tested with
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After the completion of principal shooting, a special-effects team of 80 people at ILM studios in northern California worked eight months in producing 160 composite shots of the dragon.
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praised the sets and pacing of the film, and criticized it for lack of originality, stressing that MacNicol and Richardson's characters bore too many similarities to the heroes of
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After Bunnett handed his storyboard panels to the film crew, the dragon design used a wide variety of techniques. The final creature is a composite of several different models.
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once ranked it the fifth-best fantasy film of all time, and called Vermithrax "the best dragon ever put on film the coolest dragon name". Vermithrax is mentioned as an
782:, the effects cameraman, stated, "We knew the dragon had a lot more importance to this film than some of the incidental things that appeared in only a few shots in 886:(710 m) of polystyrene and 40 tons of Welsh slate and shale. The shots of the Welsh and Scottish landscapes were extended through the use of over three dozen 1980: 1227:, Vermithrax is his favorite cinematic dragon. He further stated that: "One of the best and one of the strongest landmarks that almost nobody can overcome is 2349: 1056:, the film has an 84% score based on 37 reviews, with an average rating of 6.8/10. The site's critic consensus reads, "An atypically dark Disney adventure, 2071: 2029: 573:
a horse." Suddenly, a white horse appears, insinuating that the power of the amulet is now within Galen himself. The couple mount the horse and ride away.
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insistence. She got along well with Ralph Richardson and stated that he taught her more in one rehearsal than she had learned in years of acting classes.
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adaptations in 1981; all were by the same team. These were a magazine-sized issue, a two-issue standard comic-sized adaptation, and a paperback format (
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Galen (Peter MacNicol) and Hodge (Sydney Bromley) rehearsing for the pack levitation scene. Director Mathew Robbins is monitoring through the camera in
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criticized the film's lack of narrative drive and clarity to supplement the special effects. Upon the film's first television broadcast,
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magazine and stated, "Much imagination went into the recreation of this world and fans will revel in it when they see it."
1724: 1496: 2379: 2344: 1064:, the film has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100 based on 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". 2334: 2115:
Friedt, Stephan (July 2016). "Marvel at the Movies: The House of Ideas' Hollywood Adaptations of the 1970s and 1980s".
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stated: "...everyone has a 'first dragon', the one that awoke their sense of wonder about the creatures. For many it's
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Galen Bradwarden and his elderly servant Hodge, who cremates Ulrich's body and places the ashes in a leather pouch.
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was hired to supervise the special effects, and began planning on- and off-set effects with various specialists.
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girls selected by lottery twice a year. An expedition led by a young man named Valerian seeks help from the last
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called Vermithrax "the greatest dragon yet", and praised the film for its effective evocation of the Dark Ages.
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Casiodorus and his court were designed of fine silk, as opposed to the coarsely woven clothes of the Urlanders.
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criticized the focus on superstition, and for being "bereft of any sense of medieval time, place and society".
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that the score was a "beauty", and that "at times, the music and the fiery dragon seem one". Royal S. Brown of
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into Ulrich's ramshackle sixth-century fortress, to the surprise of the locals. He built the entire village of
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The film grossed just over $ 14 million in the US with an estimated budget of $ 18 million. It later became a
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North had six weeks to compose the score, which features music rejected from his score for Stanley Kubrick's
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was hired to design the sets of the film's sixth-century world. He temporarily converted the 13th-century
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hands Galen Ulrich's ashes and informs Galen that Ulrich wanted them spread over a lake of burning water.
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The location of Valerian's speech and handing a shield (made from the Dragon's scales) to Galen is below
2269: 1548: 1525: 1090: 429: 1231:. The design of Vermithrax Pejorative is perhaps one of the most perfect creature designs ever made." 1149:, who called the film a "turgid sword-and-sorcery fable, with Ralph Richardson in a backdated kind of 2238: 1378: 687: 393: 270: 1891: 549:. The dragon incinerates him and then heads for the village of Swanscombe, burning all in its path. 2186: 1373: 1279:, guarding his hoard deep in a cave. But for me, it was the awesome Vermithrax from the 1981 film, 43: 2122: 1954: 1604: 1386:
original LCR (Left-Center-Right) mix, previously unreleased source music, and alternative takes.
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on a farm outside London. Although Scott extensively researched medieval architecture in the
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camera was programmed to tilt and move at various angles to convey the sensation of flight.
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Phil Tippett built a model for the dragon's walking scenes. He did not want to use standard
1330: 1163: 835: 695: 682: 389: 248: 794:. The dragon had to be presented in a way that the audience would be absolutely stunned." 8: 2299: 1872: 1240: 1107: 2172: 2140: 1352:) of the two comic books in 160 pages, due to the smaller pages. Credits include writer 731:
final battle. Bunnett gave it a degree of personality, deliberately trying to avoid the
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On April 22, 2010, a limited-edition soundtrack CD was released on La-La Land Records.
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puts a realistic spin — and some impressive special effects — on a familiar tale." At
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According to Barwood, the dragon's basic body plan was based on that of the
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It is the second joint production between Paramount and Disney, after
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explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective
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of ILM finalized the design, and sculpted a reference model, which
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The film received generally positive reviews from critics, but it
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s special effects and lauded the film as being much better than
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model and took a picture. The picture was included in the book
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features a reworking of his original music for the opening of
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John, Christopher (September 1981). "Film & Television".
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praised the soundtrack as "one of the best scores of 1981".
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The film's Academy Award-nominated score was composed by
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The score was widely praised. Pauline Kael wrote in the
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describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily
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Harold Taylor, who had previously performed for the
751:'s flying model of the dragon, Vermithrax Pejorative 686:. They later came up with a story after researching 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1382:, designed by Brad Hessel and Redmond A. Simonsen. 1296:, who portrays minor character Brother Jacopus in 741:, which he believed was "too hideous to look at". 440:had co-developed an animation technique there for 2291: 1770: 1633:"DRAGONSLAYER: 40th ANNIVERSARY LIMITED EDITION" 641:Roger Kemp as Horsrick, Casiodorus's Chamberlain 1883:from the original on April 5, 2019 – via 1300:, stars as the film's main antagonist, Emperor 893:Nearly all of the outdoor scenes were shot in 2194: 2064:"First dragons: Vermithrax from Dragonslayer" 2350:Films set in 6th-century Anglo-Saxon England 1482: 1480: 1478: 454:. This led to the film's nomination for the 2003:"George R.R. Martin's Top 10 Fantasy Films" 1532:. Vol. 13, no. 49. Archived from 1476: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1460: 1458: 981:The relationship between Galen and Valerian 2201: 2187: 2171: 1873:"'C.A.T. Squad' script puts it above rest" 1787: 1574:Shoilevska, Sanya; Williams, John (2003). 88: 2370:Films with screenplays by Matthew Robbins 1908:(August 1981). "The Sword of Hollywood". 1866: 1864: 1811: 1809: 1790:Flights of Fancy: The Great Fantasy Films 1523: 483:Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation 66:Learn how and when to remove this message 2395:English-language fantasy adventure films 1979:. Evolve Media, LLC. November 12, 2008. 1904: 1832: 1830: 1455: 1209: 1069:Flights of Fancy: The Great Fantasy Film 935: 919: 907: 849: 743: 709: 2074:from the original on September 15, 2017 2058: 1674: 1414: 2292: 2114: 2027: 1870: 1861: 1806: 1590:A biography, with musical analyses of 1513:The Best of Star Wars Insider Volume 4 1318:Inside the Worlds of Star Wars Trilogy 768:outside London in the cargo hold of a 2182: 1827: 1691:from the original on October 22, 2017 1546: 1490: 473:Academy Award for Best Original Score 456:Academy Award for Best Visual Effects 1983:from the original on August 20, 2019 1924: 1918: 1898: 1043: 432:, the first use of ILM outside of a 404:encounters challenges as he hunts a 18: 1677:"15 Best Dragon Movies Of All Time" 1247:in a list of dragons' names in the 493:was released on DVD in the U.S. by 364:from a screenplay he co-wrote with 13: 1727:from the original on July 27, 2009 469:performed poorly at the box office 396:. The story is set in a fictional 14: 2406: 2365:Films using stop-motion animation 2340:Films directed by Matthew Robbins 2155: 1836: 1818:(June 30, 1981). "Dragonslayer". 384:. It was a co-production between 2375:American sword and sorcery films 2310:American fantasy adventure films 2277: 1890: 1396:List of films featuring eclipses 1323: 1251:of that book series adaptation, 23: 2133: 2108: 2086: 2052: 2021: 1995: 1961: 1953:. July 30, 2008. Archived from 1939: 1739: 1703: 1675:Schmidt, Sara (July 21, 2016). 1668: 1650: 670:and he got the inspiration for 2360:Films shot at Pinewood Studios 1933:Simulations Publications, Inc. 1914:. No. 13. pp. 42–43. 1871:Hughes, Mike (July 25, 1986). 1625: 1567: 1540: 1526:"Alex North's 2001 and Beyond" 1517: 1506: 1439: 1408: 1374:Simulations Publications, Inc. 969:The suffering of the Urlanders 897:. The final scene was shot in 854:Ulrich's Castle looks over to 1: 2320:1980s fantasy adventure films 2028:Garcia, Elio (May 27, 2011). 1747:"Dragonslayer (1981) Reviews" 1401: 1136:The Christian Science Monitor 1031: 943:was used for Ulrich's castle. 845: 657: 652: 2315:1980s English-language films 1788:Von Gunden, Kenneth (1989). 1026: 692:end of Roman rule in Britain 638:as Simon (Valerian's Father) 495:Paramount Home Entertainment 16:1981 film by Matthew Robbins 7: 2305:American dark fantasy films 1389: 1344:published three formats of 1217:has stated that along with 947: 632:as Princess Elspeth Ulfilas 10: 2411: 2380:Walt Disney Pictures films 2345:Films scored by Alex North 2030:"Easter Eggs for the Fans" 1969:"Guillermo del Toro gives 1547:Rosar, William H. (1987). 1195:Christopher John reviewed 989:. The opening sequence of 824: 610:as King Casiodorus Ulfilas 509:kingdom situated near the 430:Industrial Light and Magic 267:(United States and Canada) 2335:Films adapted into comics 2239:The Legend of Billie Jean 2217: 1576:Alex North, film composer 705: 688:St. George and the Dragon 677:The Sorcerer's Apprentice 525:, Ulrich of Cragganmore. 481:. It was nominated for a 408:, Vermithrax Pejorative. 394:Buena Vista International 338: 330: 322: 314: 304: 281: 271:Buena Vista International 258: 231: 221: 213: 203: 152: 133: 114: 104: 94:Theatrical release poster 87: 82: 2385:Paramount Pictures films 1593:A Streetcar Named Desire 1524:Henderson, Kirk (1994). 1445:Ronan, Margaret (1981), 1376:produced the board game 1153:of Alec Guinness role". 956: 598:as Ulrich of Cragganmore 505:Urland, a sixth-century 2123:Raleigh, North Carolina 1127:Raiders of the Lost Ark 978:The sacrificial virgins 815:The Empire Strikes Back 791:The Empire Strikes Back 576: 500: 489:. On October 21, 2003, 487:Raiders of the Lost Ark 461:Raiders of the Lost Ark 443:The Empire Strikes Back 390:Walt Disney Productions 290:June 26, 1981 249:Walt Disney Productions 2247:Batteries Not Included 1563:on September 11, 2013. 1536:on September 11, 2013. 1265:'s elaborate world of 1236:A Song of Ice and Fire 944: 933: 917: 867: 752: 727: 400:kingdom where a young 2127:TwoMorrows Publishing 2102:Grand Comics Database 1711:"Dragonslayer (1981)" 1497:Vermithrax Pejorative 1418:(September 9, 1981). 1310:Star Wars: Chronicles 1210:Vermithrax Pejorative 1159:Monthly Film Bulletin 987:2001: A Space Odyssey 939: 923: 911: 853: 807:stop-motion animation 747: 713: 565:the journey himself. 2390:1980s American films 2355:Films set in castles 2096:Marvel Super Special 1557:CinemaScore Magazine 1367:Marvel Super Special 1316:'s creature pens in 1164:Gannett News Service 1156:Tim Pulleine of the 836:British royal family 696:Walt Disney Pictures 616:as Greil (dubbed by 586:as Galen Brandwardyn 529:horror of his young 2330:Films about wizards 2325:Films about dragons 2062:(August 17, 2009). 1530:Soundtrack Magazine 1241:George R. R. Martin 353:is a 1981 American 2209:Films directed by 1824:. Section 2, p. 2. 1637:La-La Land Records 1425:The New York Times 1350:Marvel Illustrated 1289:Return of the Jedi 1286:During filming of 1215:Guillermo del Toro 1133:David Sterritt of 945: 941:Dolwyddelan Castle 934: 918: 875:Dolwyddelan Castle 868: 860:Dolwyddelan Castle 753: 728: 647:as Brother Jacopus 386:Paramount Pictures 265:Paramount Pictures 244:Paramount Pictures 2265: 2264: 1957:on July 29, 2008. 1611:Under the Volcano 1334:, was written by 1257:. Fantasy author 1096:Los Angeles Times 1050:review aggregator 1044:Critical response 1005:was replaced by " 555:Sicarius Dracorum 485:, again given to 458:, but it lost to 450:, a variation on 346: 345: 76: 75: 68: 2402: 2282: 2281: 2273: 2203: 2196: 2189: 2180: 2179: 2175: 2149: 2148: 2137: 2131: 2130: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2090: 2084: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2056: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2040:on March 3, 2016 2036:. Archived from 2025: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2009:. 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Jeff Jones
Matthew Robbins
Hal Barwood
Howard W. Koch
Peter MacNicol
Caitlin Clarke
Ralph Richardson
John Hallam
Peter Eyre
Sydney Bromley
Chloe Salaman
Ian McDiarmid
Derek Vanlint
Alex North
Paramount Pictures
Walt Disney Productions
Buena Vista International
dark
fantasy film
Matthew Robbins
Hal Barwood
Peter MacNicol
Ralph Richardson
John Hallam
Caitlin Clarke

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