1015:(LegCo), and two prison inmates, successfully challenged disenfranchisement provisions in the LegCo electoral laws. The court found blanket disfranchisement of prisoners to be in violation of Article 26 of the Basic Law and Article 21 of the Bill of Rights and the denial to persons in custody of access to polling stations as against the law. The government introduced a bill to repeal the provisions of the law disenfranchising persons convicted of crimes (even those against the electoral system) as well as similar ones found in other electoral laws, and it made arrangements for polling stations to be set up at detention centers and prisons. LegCo passed the bill, and it took effect from 31 October 2009, even though no major elections were held until the middle of 2011.
136:(the right to vote) of a person or group of people, or a practice that has the effect of preventing someone from exercising the right to vote. Disfranchisement can also refer to the revocation of power or control of a particular individual, community, or being to the natural amenity they have; that is to deprive of a franchise, of a legal right, of some privilege or inherent immunity. Disfranchisement may be accomplished explicitly by law or implicitly through requirements applied in a discriminatory fashion, through intimidation, or by placing unreasonable requirements on voters for registration or voting. High
1410:
542:, which authorized the federal government to monitor voter registration practices and elections where populations were historically underrepresented, and to enforce constitutional voting rights. The challenge to voting rights has continued into the 21st century, as shown by numerous court cases in 2016 alone, though attempts to restrict voting rights for political advantage have not been confined to the Southern states. Another method of seeking political advantage through the voting system is the
183:
694:
242:
25:
1667:) allow some, but not all, persons with felony convictions to vote after having completed their sentences. Some have qualifications of this: for example, Delaware does not restore the franchise until five years after release of a person. Similarly, Kentucky requires that the person take action to gain restoration of the franchise.
1685:, an organization in the United States working to reduce arbitrary prison sentences for minor crimes and to ameliorate the negative effects of incarceration to enable persons to rejoin society after completing sentences. Its website provides a wealth of statistical data that reflects opposing views on the issue, and data from the
962:
the People Act, 1950 refers to persons disqualified from registering in an electoral roll due to “corrupt practices and other offenses in connection with elections” (Please see
Section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 and Section 62 Subsection 2 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951).
419:, would have granted all British expatriates the unlimited right to vote, as long as they have lived in the UK at some point in their lives. The issue became a hotly debated topic among British expatriates who have lived in other EU Member States for more than 15 years and were thus barred from voting in the
978:
the abrogation of political rights is a form of punishment used in sentencing, available only for some crimes or along with a sentence of death or imprisonment for life. Rights that are suspended in such a sentence is the right to qualifications for being a public official or becoming a candidate for
965:
No person is ineligible to vote in India solely by reason of being on parole. For example, Shamsher Singh, who was convicted of the assassination of former Punjab Chief
Minister Beant Singh, voted for the first time after he was released on parole while serving a sentence of life imprisonment (Please
948:
In New
Zealand, people who are in prison are not entitled to enroll while they are in prison. Persons who are convicted of electoral offenses in the past three years cannot vote or stand for office. In November 2018, the New Zealand Supreme Court ruled that such restrictions are inconsistent with the
913:
In 1983 this disqualification was relaxed and prisoners serving a sentence for a crime punishable under the law for less than a maximum five years were allowed to vote. A further softening occurred in 1995 when the loss of voting rights was limited to those serving a sentence of five years or longer,
806:
Equipment—Polling stations must be clearly signposted. Low-to-the-ground polling booths and voting equipment must be available. Equipment must enable independent voting by visually and/or physically impaired voters. In 2005, 30% of UK polling stations were not in compliance with the law that requires
587:
When the
District of Columbia was established as the national capital, with lands contributed by Maryland and Virginia, its residents were not allowed to vote for local or federal representatives, in an effort to prevent the district from endangering the national government. Congress had a committee,
1243:
It remains the government's view that the right to vote goes to the essence of the offender's relationship with democratic society, and the removal of the right to vote in the case of some convicted prisoners can be a proportionate and proper response following conviction and imprisonment. The issue
961:
In addition pursuant to
Section 62 Subsection 2 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 a person is ineligible to vote if he or she is subjected to the disqualifications “referred to in section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950)”. Section 16 of the Representation of
863:
Proponents of disenfranchising those convicted of crimes have argued that persons who commit felonies have 'broken' the social contract, and have thereby given up their right to participate in a civil society. Some argue that felons have shown poor judgment, and that they should therefore not have a
602:
Congress uses the same portion of the US Constitution to exclusively manage local and State level law for the citizens of
Washington, D.C. and US military bases in the US. Until 1986, military personnel living on bases were considered to have special status as national representatives and prohibited
1086:, are barred from voting while in prison. In Germany the disenfranchisement by special court order lasts 2–5 years after which the right to vote is reinstated. The described special court orders rarely ever occur, so that about 1-2 persons a year in all of Germany lose their right to vote this way.
560:
State governments have had the right to establish requirements for voters, voter registration, and conduct of elections. Since the founding of the nation, legislatures have gradually expanded the franchise (sometimes following federal constitutional amendments), from certain propertied white men to
957:
Pursuant to
Section 62 Subsection 5 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, all convicted prisoners, detained prisoners and persons who are in police custody in India are disqualified from voting. This law has been challenged in court, most notably in the Praveen Kumar Chaudhary vs Election
353:
Non-resident Indian citizens may vote from abroad by applying to be registered as non-resident electors as long as they have not obtained citizenship in another country. They must be "absent from the country owing to employment, education etc, not acquired citizenship of any other country and are
1149:
added a loss of only the right to stand for an election, against some offenders above a certain threshold of imprisonment: it operates administratively, with fixed duration and without intervention of the court. Many court actions have been presented, but the electoral disputes follows antiquated
1363:
Inmates are allowed to vote in Israel and ballot boxes are present in prisons on election day. They do not suffer disfranchisement following release from prison after serving their sentence, parole, or probation. Neither courts nor prison authorities have the power to disqualify any person from
467:
Democrats were alarmed by a late 19th-century alliance between
Republicans and Populists that cost them some elections in North Carolina. Democrats added to previous efforts and achieved widespread disfranchisement by law: from 1890 to 1908, Southern state legislatures passed new constitutions,
611:
reestablished local government after a hundred-year gap, with regular local elections for mayor and other posts. They do not elect a US senator. People seeking standard representation for the 600,000 District of
Columbia residents describe their status as being disfranchised in relation to the
1702:
the 2000 presidential election (Uggen & Manza, 2002). Similarly, if not for felon disenfranchisement, Democratic senatorial candidates would likely have prevailed in Texas (1978), Kentucky (1984 and 1992), Florida (1988 and 2004), and
Georgia (1992) (Manza & Uggen, 2006, p. 194).
1042:
the Court in 2005 found general rules for automatic disfranchisements resulting from convictions to be contrary to the European Convention on Human Rights. This ruling applied equally for prisoners and for ex-convicts. It did not exclude the possibility of disfranchisement as a consequence of
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enshrined a limited right to vote, which meant that citizens serving relatively short prison sentences (generally less than three years) cannot be barred from voting. The threshold of three years or more sentence will only result in removal of a prisoner's right to vote in federal elections.
758:
issues need to be considered in electoral law, voter registration, provisions for postal voting, the selection of polling stations, the physical equipment of those polling stations and the training of polling station staff. This disfranchisement may be a deliberate facet of electoral law, a
1183:, stated that the ruling may result in some, but not all, prisoners being able to vote. The consultation is to be the subject of Judicial Review proceedings in the High Court. Separate challenges by the General Secretary of the Association of Prisoners, Ben Gunn, by way of petition to the
623:
country (US industrialized allies) had disfranchised citizens of their respective national capitals for national legislature elections. No US state prohibits residents of capitals from voting in state elections either, and their cities are contained within regular representative state and
652:
Contrary to common misconception, residents of Puerto Rico pay some U.S. federal taxes and contribute to Social Security, Medicare and other programs through payroll taxes. But, these American citizens have no Congressional representation nor do they vote in U.S. presidential elections.
1023:
In general, during the recent centuries, the European countries have increasingly made suffrage more accessible. This has included retaining disenfranchisement in fewer and fewer cases, including for criminal offenses. Moreover, most European states, including most of those outside the
391:
or have lived in mainland Norway for 3 years. These rules disenfranchised an estimated one-third of the voter roll compared to the previous election in 2019, including almost the entire community of non-Norwegians living in the town. The previous rules allowed anyone who had resided on
1071:, intimidation of voters, etc.) and for a duration of two to five years. All convicts sentenced to at least one year in prison automatically lose the right to be elected in public elections for a duration of five years, and lose all positions they held as a result of such an election.
320:
Chileans living abroad may vote in presidential elections and presidential primaries, but not in elections to the national legislature or for regional government officials. The right to vote was extended to Chileans abroad in 2014 by Law No. 20.748; the bill was sponsored by Senators
940:
Depending on the threshold of exclusion which is distinct in each state, a prisoner may be able to vote in either state elections or federal elections. For example, prisoners in New South Wales serving a sentence of longer than one year are not entitled to vote in state elections.
573:, to women (except Native American women) in 1920, all Native Americans in 1924, and people over the age of 18 in the 1970s. Public interest groups focus on fighting disfranchisement in the United States amid rising concerns that new restrictions on voting are become more common.
1697:
1999). Excluding felons provided "a small but clear advantage to Republican candidates in every presidential and senatorial election from 1972 to 2000" (Manza & Uggen, 2006, p. 191). In addition, felon disenfranchisement may have changed the course of history by costing
1345:
Moreover, many European countries encourage people to vote, such as by making pre-voting in other places than the respective election locales easily accessible. This often includes possibilities for prisoners to pre-vote from the prison itself. This is the case for example in
2468:
Since 1917 they have been considered American citizens. 39 Stat. 954, 48 USCA 734 "The statutory laws of the United States not locally inapplicable, except as hereinbefore or hereinafter otherwise provided, shall have the same force and effect in Porto Rico as in the United
868:. Voter restrictions affect civic and communal participation in general. Opponents argue that felony disenfranchisement can create political incentives to skew criminal law in favor of disproportionately targeting groups who are political opponents of those who hold power.
844:. In the US, those are generally crimes of incarceration for a duration of more than a year and/or a fine exceeding $ 1000. Jurisdictions vary as to whether they make such disfranchisement permanent, or restore suffrage after a person has served a sentence, or completed
1248:
Parliament voted in favor of maintaining disenfranchisement of prisoners in 2011 in response to Government plans to introduce legislation. Since then the Government has repeatedly stated that prisoners will not be given the right to vote in spite of the ECHR ruling.
649:, "no federal law has ever been found to be locally inapplicable to Puerto Rico. Puerto Ricans were conscripted into the U.S. armed forces; they have fought in every war since they became U.S. citizens in 1917. Puerto Rico residents are subject to most U.S. taxes.
591:
In 1804, US Congress cancelled holding US presidential elections in Washington, D.C. or allowing residents to vote in them. Amendment 23 was passed by Congress and ratified in 1964 to restore the ability of District residents to vote in presidential elections.
1440:
Many states intentionally retract the franchise from convicted felons, but differ as to when or if the franchise can be restored. In those states, felons are also prohibited from voting in federal elections, even if their convictions were for state crimes.
642:, although Puerto Rico is not a state. Due to the Federal Relations Act of 1950, all federal laws that are "not locally inapplicable" are automatically the law of the land in Puerto Rico (39 Stat. 954, 48 USCA 734). According to ex-Chief of the
793:
Postal Voting—Postal voting for disabled voters requires ballots that are appropriate for visually impaired voters. The lack of a private, accessible voting booth makes postal voting inappropriate for others with specific physical and other
468:
constitutional amendments, and laws that made voter registration and voting more difficult, especially when administered by white staff in a discriminatory way. They succeeded in disenfranchising most of the black citizens, as well as many
871:
In Western countries, felony disenfranchisement can be traced back to ancient Greek and Roman traditions: removal of the franchise was commonly imposed as part of the punishment on those convicted of "infamous" crimes, as part of their
606:
The position of non-voting delegate to Congress from the District was reestablished in 1971. The delegate cannot vote for bills before the House, nor floor votes, but may vote for some procedural and committee matters. In 1973, the
362:
The Norwegian constitution of 1814, paragraph 53, stated that anyone being in service of another power, buying or selling votes, or being convicted to forced labor would be disfranchised. Paragraph 53 was repealed by the parliament
414:
In February 2018, the Overseas Electors Bill was presented to Parliament, with a view to abolishing the 15-year limit and the requirement to have registered to vote before leaving the UK. The Bill, which ran out of time due to the
778:
Eligibility—Some nations restrict the franchise based on measured intellectual capacity. Potential voters with learning impairments, mental health issues, or neurological impairments may also find themselves barred from voting by
1692:
Such disenfranchisement policy currently excludes one in six African-American males. For example, in the 1998 elections, at least 10 states formally disenfranchised 20 percent of African-American voters due to felony convictions
588:
appointed from among representatives elected to the House, that administered the city and district in lieu of local or state government. Residents did not vote for federal representatives who were appointed to oversee them.
168:
Most countries or regions set a minimum voting age, and disenfranchise all citizens younger than this age. The most common voting age is 18, though some countries have minimum voting ages set as young as 16 or as old as 21.
472:
in the South, and voter rolls dropped dramatically in each state. The Republican Party was nearly eliminated in the region for decades, and the Democrats established one-party control throughout the southern states.
810:
Staff—Staff must understand the necessity of taking steps to ensure access and be able to show voters how to use equipment such as physical templates, as well as in "disability etiquette" to avoid patronizing these
561:
almost universal adult suffrage of age 18 and over, with the notable exclusion of people convicted of some crimes. Expansion of suffrage was made on the basis of lowering property requirements, granting suffrage to
2706:
909:
denied the franchise to vote to anyone 'attainted of treason, or who had been convicted and is under sentence or subject to be sentenced for any offence ... punishable by imprisonment for one year or longer'.
1719:, disfranchisement due to criminal conviction is an exception, meted out separately in a particular sentence. Losing voting rights is usually imposed on a person convicted of a crime against the state (see
1198:, those unlawfully at large from such sentences, and those committed to psychiatric institutions as a result of a criminal court sentencing process). Civil prisoners sentenced (for non-payment of fines, or
299:
Voting in Australia is compulsory for resident citizens. Australian citizens who have been outside Australia for more than one but fewer than six years may excuse themselves from the requirement to vote in
2767:
1172:
ruled that First Protocol Article 3 requires Member States to proactively support voting by authorized inmates. In the UK, as of 2009 this policy is under review as in other European countries like Italy.
410:
British citizens are allowed to vote at home with no time limit. Until 2024, they were not allowed to vote in UK General Elections or referendums if they reside outside the country for more than 15 years.
2602:
Bowers, Melanie M; Preuhs, Robert R (September 2009). "Collateral Consequences of a Collateral Penalty: The Negative Effect of Felon Disenfranchisement Laws on the Political Participation of Nonfelons".
480:
ran against the party nominee, Taft. In the South by this time, the Republican Party had been hollowed out by the disfranchisement of African Americans, who were largely excluded from voting. Democrat
527:, leading to gaps in program coverage and discrimination against them in operations. In addition, because black Southerners were not listed on local voter rolls, they were automatically excluded from
1145:
In Italy, the most serious offenses involve the loss of voting rights, while for less serious offenses disqualification the judge can choose if there will be some disenfranchisement. Recently, the
345:
are in general not allowed to vote in Danish elections if they reside outside the country for more than two years. Danish citizens that reside permanently outside Denmark lose their right to vote.
2000:
A Supreme Court of Canada judgment rendered on January 11, 2019, further cemented the electoral reform in Canadian law by finding that voting is a constitutional right for all Canadian citizens.
797:
Polling Stations—Polling stations must offer the same physical accessibility that apply to other public facilities (parking, ramps, etc.) There must be sufficient polling stations to minimize
430:
pledged to abolish what the called the "arbitrary 15-year limit" in their manifesto for the 2019 general election, in which they were subsequently elected. The change was implemented in 2024.
1871:
766:
disfranchisement. This may result from the transition from non-disabled to disabled, from changes in the effects of a disability, or changes in the accessibility of the electoral process.
3956:
603:
from voting in elections where their bases were located. In 1986, Congress passed a law to enable US military personnel living on bases in the US to vote in local and state elections.
4395:
3652:
1059:, all convicts are allowed to vote while in prison unless the loss of the right to vote is part of the sentence; courts can only apply this sentence for specific "political" crimes (
2828:
1736:
the constitution protects the right of prisoners to vote. The Constitutional Court has struck down two attempts by the government to deny the vote to convicted criminals in prison.
488:
since 1856. He was re-elected in 1916, in a much closer presidential contest. During his first term, Wilson satisfied the request of Southerners in his cabinet and instituted overt
836:
of people otherwise eligible to vote due to conviction of a criminal offense is usually restricted to the more serious class of crimes. In some common law jurisdictions, those are
801:, which discriminates against those with mobility, pain or fatigue-based impairments. In 2005, 68% of polling stations in the UK were potentially inaccessible to disabled voters.
4150:
405:
4155:
4135:
4125:
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1263:
In an attempt to put an end to the embittered standoff between the Human Rights Court and national courts, in 2017 the Government promised to marginally extend the franchise.
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see news article dated February 20, 2022 from the Tribune News Service entitled, “Out on parole, Beant Singh murder convict Shamsher Singh votes for first time in Patiala”).
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1235:, stated that the review may result in the UK allowing some prisoners to vote. In 2010 the UK was still reviewing the policy, following an "unprecedented warning" from the
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4165:
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Gennaro F. Vito, J. Eagle Shutt, and Richard Tewksbury, "Estimating the Impact of Kentucky’s Felon Disenfranchisement Policy on 2008 Presidential and Senatorial Elections"
4160:
3679:
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546:, as was the case of North Carolina, which in January 2018 was declared by a federal court to be unconstitutional. Such cases are expected to reach the Supreme Court.
515:
became entrenched in Congress. They favored seniority privileges in Congress, which became the standard by 1920, and Southerners controlled chairmanships of important
312:
Residency requirements for Canadian citizens were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2019. All Canadian citizens can vote in Canadian elections.
154:
Women used to be disfranchised. Feminism has successfully managed to claim voting rights in most countries, though material or social disfranchement continues widely.
4083:
759:
consequence of a failure to consider the needs of anyone other than non-disabled electors, or an ongoing failure to respond to identified shortcomings in provision.
4087:
4079:
3701:
1381:
420:
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In several other European countries, no disenfranchisements due to criminal convictions exist. European countries that allow inmates to vote (as of 2012) include
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4016:
2312:
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453:
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1931:
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555:
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to vote while serving a sentence, but automatically restore the franchise to the person upon completion of a sentence. In Iowa, in July 2005, Governor
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3264:
4050:
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suspends suffrage of some but not all prisoners. For example, civil prisoners sentenced for nonpayment of fines can vote. Prior to the judgment in
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enjoyed "about 25 extra seats in Congress for each decade between 1903 and 1953". Also, the Democratic dominance in the South meant that southern
4776:
3128:
3124:
2678:
2498:
4284:
4045:
1762:
1399:
1168:, convicted prisoners had the right to vote in law but without assistance by prison authorities, voting was unavailable to them. In Hirst, the
853:
782:
Registration—Registration difficulties may disfranchise disabled people through inadequate access provisions. For instance the United Kingdom (
193:
3191:
Giampiero Buonomo, La Consulta striglia la Regione Abruzzo. Giurisdizione domestica nel mirino condannato? Diritto e giustizia, 25 marzo 2006
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had been planning legislation to extend voting rights to all prisoners. Disenfranchisement does not continue after release from jail/prison.
439:
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voice in the political decision-making process. Opponents have argued that such disfranchisement restricts and conflicts with principles of
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Giampiero Buonomo, Enti locali: le incompatibilità di Sicilia. Comune o Regione, così scatta l’aut aut Diritto e giustizia, 28 gennaio 2006
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Giampiero Buonomo, Candidature, norme ormai anacronistiche. L’incompatibilità è uno status da rivedere Diritto e giustizia, 16 aprile 2005
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599:" (returned) to Virginia to protect slavery. People residing there (in what is now Alexandria), vote in local, Virginia and US elections.
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in 1877. They were enacted by Southern states at the turn of the 20th century. Their actions were designed to thwart the objective of the
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2043:
1840:
1386:
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Note that in the case of disabled voters the issue may be actual loss of the franchise of someone previously able to vote, rather that
3737:
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1907:
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Juan Torruella and other scholars argue that the U.S. national-electoral process is not a democracy due to issues related to lack of
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is updated annually by a largely paper-based process; this provides poor accessibility to people with visual or learning impairments.
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grants "every citizen of Canada" the right to vote, without further qualification, a constitutional right upheld as to inmates in
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489:
3732:"Election Readiness: It Is Never Too Late for Transparency", October 2004, from Fair Election International (FEI), a project of
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Giampiero Buonomo, Il condannato? Siede in Parlamento. Storia di un corto circuito normativo Diritto e giustizia, 22 aprile 2006
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The UK was previously subject to Europe-wide rules due to various treaties and agreements associated with its membership of the
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3653:"Governor McAuliffe Provides Update on Restoration of Rights Numbers - WVIR NBC29 Charlottesville News, Sports, and Weather"
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for discussion by a Joint Committee, incorporating two clear options for reform and one which would retain the blanket ban.
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of voting rights for prisoners is one that the government takes very seriously and that remains under careful consideration.
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did not include imprisonment, and hence those in prison on election day were in practice unable to vote, although those on
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used his executive power in 2017 to restore voting rights to about 140,000 people with criminal backgrounds in the state.
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jurisdictions developed punishments that provided for some form of exclusion from the community for felons, ranging from
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public office (including those by elections, national exams, or direct appointment), But still have the right to vote.
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rules and the danger of causes seamless in terms of eligibility and incompatibility is very high, also at local level.
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457:
1047:). The United Kingdom has not respected this Court opinion, although it is a signatory to the convention (see below).
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329:, Hernán LarraĂan Fernández and Patricio Walker Prieto. The law also allowed Chileans residing abroad to vote in the
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2173:"Lov om valg til Stortinget, fylkesting og kommunestyrer (Valgloven) - Kapittel 2. Stemmerett og manntall - Lovdata"
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1983:
333:. Of nearly 60,000 registered overseas voters, 30,912 Chileans from 65 countries participated in the referendum.
75:
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The right to vote is not enjoyed equally by all Australians: 4. Recent changes to the Electoral Laws in Australia
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992:
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2869:
Vicki Lee Roach v Electoral Commissioner and Commonwealth of Australia, 30 August 2007, High Court of Australia.
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issued an executive order restoring the right to vote for all persons who have completed supervision, which the
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1939:
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The disability rights movement in the UK has increased attention on electoral accessibility. Campaigns such as
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380:
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Disfranchisement due to criminal conviction, particularly after a sentence is served, has been opposed by the
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1227:(ECHR) ruled such a ban to be disproportionate, the policy was reviewed by the UK government. In 2005 the
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523:, legislation establishing numerous national social programs were passed without the representation of
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although not specifically felons; the distinction between felony and misdemeanor was abolished by the
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Siegel, Jonah A. (January 1, 2011). "Felon Disenfranchisement and the Fight for Universal Suffrage".
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3265:"Voting Rights of Convicted Prisoners Detained within the United Kingdom, Second stage consultation"
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In the neutral field in Strasbourg is still wide open the play on rule of law in electoral matters:
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overturned the High Court ruling and the bill was withdrawn. Following the 2005 ECHR ruling in the
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1961:"Australian Electoral Commission, "Voting Overseas – Frequently Asked Questions", 20 November 2007"
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Tullock, Gordon. "Entry barriers in politics." The American Economic Review 55.1/2 (1965): 458-466.
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2896:"Supreme Court upholds decision saying ban on prisoner voting inconsistent with Bill of Rights"
2187:"Tine er bekymret for lokaldemokratiet: – Ungdommer som har bodd her hele livet får ikke stemt"
2017:"LEY 20748 REGULA EL EJERCICIO DEL SUFRAGIO DE LOS CIUDADANOS QUE SE ENCUENTRAN FUERA DEL PAĂŤS"
445:
3534:. Translations of Finnish acts and decrees. Ministry of Justice, Finland. 1998. pp. 1, 24
3524:
3298:
82:
4253:
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3366:
3005:
https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/deutsches-strafrecht-wahlbuerger-hinter-gittern-1.1442183
1784:
1271:
Several other European countries permit disenfranchisement by special court order, including
1123:
633:
500:, American military forces were segregated, with black soldiers poorly trained and equipped.
493:
205:
2152:
2065:
4688:
4657:
4596:
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3820:
2736:
1794:
1779:
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1111:
1098:, there is no disenfranchisement based on criminal conviction, and prisoners remain on the
672:
has officially stated that it favors fixing the remaining "deficits of democracy" that the
566:
423:, despite arguably being more affected by the result than British people living in the UK.
354:
otherwise eligible to be registered as a voter in the address mentioned in your passport."
322:
2412:
1674:) permanently disfranchises persons with felony convictions. In Virginia, former Governor
201:
8:
4556:
4233:
3800:
3631:
3044:
1303:
1214:
1137:, the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2006 was passed to allow postal voting by all prisoners.
1119:
1012:
149:
3628:"State of Delaware - Department of Elections for New Castle County - Voter Registration"
2243:"Government delivering on pledge to give back British expats the right to vote – GOV.UK"
1689:
government and various state governments about the practice of felony disfranchisement.
1423:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1364:
exercising the right to vote in national elections, whatever the cause of imprisonment.
1190:
In the United Kingdom, prohibitions from voting are codified in section 3 and 3A of the
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1199:
1107:
922:
524:
137:
2679:"LOSING THE VOTE: The Impact of Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in the United States"
2153:"Kunngjøring av Stortingets vedtak 1. juni 2022 om endringer i Grunnloven - Lovdata"
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1582:
1252:
In response to the ECHR ruling, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice
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646:
520:
3416:
2902:. New Zealand Media and Entertainment. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019
4544:
4218:
4006:
3733:
3683:
2587:
2520:
2502:
2222:
2016:
1960:
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1319:
1079:
1078:
the law calls on prisons to encourage prisoners to vote. Only those convicted of
1068:
1004:
821:
2664:
Eli L. Levine, "Does the Social Contract Justify Felony Disenfranchisement?", 1
2513:
2292:"UK again vows to give Brits in France 'votes for life' but is it all too late?"
1823:
Despite the South's excessive representation relative to voting population, the
4670:
4351:
4334:
4314:
4304:
3815:
3810:
2014:
1799:
1515:
1507:
1291:
1253:
1210:
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1025:
677:
532:
481:
326:
4801:
3835:
2979:
2449:
1686:
1574:
1562:
1527:
1103:
755:
680:
administrations publicly recognized through Presidential Task Force Reports.
406:
Right of expatriates to vote in their country of origin § United Kingdom
3319:
2380:"North Carolina Is Ordered to Redraw Its Congressional Map (Published 2018)"
2044:"Overseas voting process implemented successfully during Chilean referendum"
503:
Disfranchisement had far-reaching effects in Congress, where the Democratic
4720:
4712:
2781:
2651:
1771:
1733:
1629:
1602:
1598:
1586:
1064:
673:
3045:"Dáil Eireann - 05/Oct/2006 Electoral (Amendment) Bill 2006: Second Stage"
3840:
2643:
1720:
1656:
1625:
1539:
1335:
1276:
873:
639:
508:
504:
497:
595:
In 1846, the portion of Washington, D.C. contributed from Virginia was "
3830:
3500:
2533:
The Supreme Court and Puerto Rico: The Doctrine of Separate and Unequal
1617:
1578:
1503:
1315:
881:
751:
718: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
469:
266: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
163:
1894:
750:
for disabled electors can result in the selective disfranchisement of
668:
reject Commonwealth status. The remaining political organization, the
4529:
3346:"Representation of the People Act 1983 (c. 2) – Statute Law Database"
2267:"Chloe Smith writes about votes for life for British expats – GOV.UK"
2087:"Lov om valg til Folketinget – Valgret og valgbarhed", 10 April 2014"
1767:
1660:
1531:
1487:
1479:
1311:
1008:
849:
528:
519:, as well as leadership of the national Democratic Party. During the
371:
for more than 10 years may not vote unless they make an application.
140:
to the political competition can disenfranchise political movements.
3392:"Prisoners must be allowed to vote, Council of Europe warns Britain"
2438:"Is America a democracy? If so, why does it deny millions the vote?"
1194:. Excluded are incarcerated criminals (including those sentenced by
693:
241:
24:
3776:
3553:
Sauvé v. Canada (Chief Electoral Officer), 3 SCR 519, 2002 SCC 68.
3451:"Council of Europe accepts UK compromise on prisoner voting rights"
2219:"As more U.K. expats get the vote, Japan's ballot box stays closed"
1716:
1671:
1652:
1644:
1621:
1566:
1554:
1511:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1459:
1451:
allow prison inmates as well as probationers and parolees to vote.
1102:
at their pre-imprisonment address. Prior to 2006, the grounds for
877:
798:
562:
461:
393:
364:
133:
3164:
Severino: c'è un giudice a Strasburgo Mondoperaio, 21 ottobre 2015
925:
legislated in 2006 to ban all prisoners from voting. In 2007, the
2436:
Rao, Ankita; Kelly, Kim; Dillon, Pat; Bennett, Zak (2019-11-07).
1745:
1699:
1664:
1648:
1640:
1636:
1570:
1558:
1448:
1347:
1339:
1299:
1295:
1287:
1283:
1083:
1075:
1060:
1056:
342:
958:
Commission of India case, but the plaintiffs were unsuccessful.
2351:
The Two Reconstructions: The Struggle for Black Enfranchisement
1594:
1550:
1535:
1499:
1475:
1455:
1377:
1331:
1323:
1307:
1272:
975:
885:
845:
837:
833:
368:
3067:"Europe court rules prisoners should be let vote in elections"
2338:
Struggle for mastery: Disfranchisement in the South, 1888-1908
2015:
Ministerio SecretarĂa General de la Presidencia (2015-05-03).
1831:
losing seats in Congress due to reapportionment following the
824:'s 'Polls Apart' have exposed violations at polling stations.
4745:
2763:
Inside outcasts: prisoners and the right to vote in Australia
2586:
The 'Polls Apart' campaign, run by the UK disability charity
2401:
Is Partisan Gerrymandering Legal? Why the Courts Are Divided.
2062:"Udlandsdanskeres Valgret (økonomi- og indenrigsministeriet)"
1712:
1519:
1467:
1444:
1327:
1187:, and John Hirst to the Committee of Ministers are underway.
988:
876:," whereby these persons would lose all rights and claim to
612:
federal government. They do vote in presidential elections.
448:
to prevent black citizens voting began after the end of the
3745:
2982:
2107:
1726:
1632:) allow probationers to vote, but not inmates or parolees.
1606:
1590:
1471:
1126:
or serving sentences of less than six months. In 2001, the
620:
616:
3123:
Breathnach -v- Ireland & anor; IESC 59: Judgments of
1847:
also lost Congressional seats after the former census and
1613:
allow probationers and parolees to vote, but not inmates.
774:
Access presents special difficulties for disabled voters.
4782:
Art in the women's suffrage movement in the United States
3690:, June 2009, Volume 73 Number 1, accessed 6 February 2015
3505:
2481:
Puerto Rico: The Trials of the Oldest Colony in the World
2191:
1984:"Who can vote? Canadian electoral reform facts vs. fears"
2688:
and the Sentencing Project. October 1998. Archived from
1382:
Section 3 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
3702:"Prisoner Disenfranchisement: Four Judicial Approaches"
1082:
and crimes undermining the "democratic order", such as
783:
538:
Political enfranchisement expanded with passage of the
3098:"Go-ahead for prisoners to cast vote at next election"
3014:
3012:
2601:
2212:
2210:
1908:"Millions of Women Still Don't Have the Right to Vote"
3604:"Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in the United States"
2735:, Australian Review of Public Affairs, archived from
2435:
2413:"State Felon Voting Laws - Felon Voting - ProCon.org"
1032:, and thereby agreed to respect the decisions of the
858:
loss of rights due to conviction for criminal offense
492:
throughout federal government workplaces, as well as
454:
Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
4502:
Centenary of Women's Suffrage Commemorative Fountain
3609:. The Sentencing Project. March 2011. Archived from
3270:. Ministry of Justice. April 8, 2009. Archived from
2855:, Australian Human Rights Commission, archived from
2313:"The Conservative and Unionist Party Manifesto 2019"
3009:
2935:
Criminal Code of the Republic of China, Article 36.
2597:
2595:
2207:
556:
Transgender disenfranchisement in the United States
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3429:"What States can you vote with a Felony? - Felons"
3064:
1932:"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"
1043:deliberation in individual cases (such as that of
172:
2361:
2359:
4799:
2920:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2879:Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act 1912
2592:
4787:Music and women's suffrage in the United States
4408:Women's suffrage organizations and publications
3700:Plaxton, Michael; Lardy, Heather (March 2010).
3039:
3037:
2949:"Decreto Severino: c'è un giudice a Strasburgo"
2707:"pages-schall.blj.doc – Powered by Google Docs"
2514:Dept of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
1981:
1723:) or one related to election or public office.
827:
4295:National Women's Rights Convention (1850–1869)
2356:
1899:
1763:Felony disenfranchisement in the United States
1400:Felony disenfranchisement in the United States
854:collateral consequences of criminal conviction
3761:
3299:
3227:
3208:
3189:
3178:
2038:
2036:
1751:Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era
1229:Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs
1213:. The Act does not apply to elections to the
1181:Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs
852:. Felony disenfranchisement is one among the
807:a large print ballot and a physical template.
476:In 1912, the Republican Party was split when
440:Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era
190:The examples and perspective in this section
128:(which has become more common since 1982) or
3699:
3314:
3312:
3091:
3089:
3065:Quinn, Ben; Conor Sweeney (7 October 2005).
3034:
2100:
1239:. The UK government position was then that:
815:
3630:. electionsncc.delaware.gov. Archived from
3304:, in Diritto pubblico europeo, aprile 2015
2755:
2753:
1982:BAUDOIN-LAARMAN, Louis (January 17, 2019).
1266:
4438:Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial
3768:
3754:
3301:Sul diritto elettorale, l’Europa ci guarda
2033:
2010:
2008:
367:) in June 2022. Citizens residing outside
208:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
4771:Women's Suffrage Centennial silver dollar
3385:
3383:
3309:
3236:
3086:
734:Learn how and when to remove this message
565:and restoring suffrage in some states to
282:Learn how and when to remove this message
224:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
4342:1920 United States presidential election
3620:
3473:
2826:
2759:
2750:
1387:Sauvé v Canada (Chief Electoral Officer)
1122:extending postal voting to prisoners on
383:was held under new rules imposed by the
4582:Women's Rights National Historical Park
3584:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3574:
3448:
2946:
2829:"Court gives vote back to some inmates"
2780:
2724:
2722:
2353:(U of Chicago Press, 2009), pp. 134-139
2005:
888:to exclusion from community processes.
421:referendum on European Union membership
4800:
4259:Suffragette bombing and arson campaign
3421:
3389:
3380:
2893:
2629:
2623:
2580:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1695:Journal of Blacks in Higher Education,
1534:) do not allow persons convicted of a
1206:unsentenced retain the right to vote.
544:gerrymandering of electoral boundaries
4300:Trial of Susan B. Anthony (1872–1873)
4115:International Woman Suffrage Alliance
3749:
3724:– via Academic Search Complete.
3706:Berkeley Journal of International Law
3598:
3596:
3338:
3095:
3022:. Ireland: Citizens Information Board
2827:Pearlman, Jonathan (31 August 2007).
2545:
2543:
2541:
2216:
2195:(in Norwegian BokmĂĄl). 8 October 2023
1905:
1192:Representation of the People Act 1983
304:while they remain outside Australia.
4653:"The March of the Women" (1910 song)
4381:List of suffragists and suffragettes
4244:Women's Coronation Procession (1911)
3571:
3501:"Prisoner votes by European country"
2728:
2719:
1403:
1096:elections in the Republic of Ireland
716:adding citations to reliable sources
687:
683:
264:adding citations to reliable sources
235:
176:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3513:from the original on June 21, 2019.
3047:. Debates.oireachtas.ie. 2006-10-05
1258:Voting Eligibility (Prisoners) Bill
1153:
1030:European Convention on Human Rights
991:, there is a similar punishment of
891:
576:
16:Revocation of the right of suffrage
13:
4623:National Voting Rights Museum (US)
4587:Women's Suffrage National Monument
4403:Historiography of the Suffragettes
4357:Selma to Montgomery marches (1965)
3593:
3320:"Convicts 'will not all get vote'"
2538:
1906:Grant, Melissa Gira (2020-08-10).
1706:
1393:
609:District of Columbia Home Rule Act
583:District of Columbia voting rights
484:was elected as the first southern
456:, enacted in 1870 to protect the
143:
14:
4824:
4515:Turning Point Suffragist Memorial
2770:from the original on 1 March 2014
2340:(U of North Carolina Press, 2003.
399:
4666:"Sister Suffragette" (1964 song)
4464:Women's Rights Pioneers Monument
4310:Woman Suffrage Procession (1913)
4280:Declaration of Sentiments (1848)
3431:. FelonyFriendly. September 2017
3141:"Electoral (Amendment) Act 2006"
2760:Davidson, Jerome (24 May 2004),
2617:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00640.x
2390:from the original on 2023-05-25.
1408:
1367:
769:
692:
433:
240:
181:
23:
4479:Kate Sheppard National Memorial
4239:Battle of Downing Street (1910)
3882:1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act
3693:
3670:
3645:
3557:
3546:
3517:
3493:
3467:
3442:
3409:
3371:
3359:
3289:
3257:
3217:
3198:
3168:
3154:
3133:
3117:
3096:Brady, Tom (15 December 2005).
3058:
2997:
2988:
2970:
2939:
2928:
2894:Hurley, Sam (9 November 2018).
2887:
2872:
2863:
2843:
2835:. Fairfax Media. Archived from
2820:
2808:Australian Electoral Commission
2796:
2788:(Press release). Archived from
2774:
2699:
2671:
2658:
2525:
2507:
2487:
2472:
2462:
2429:
2405:
2394:
2372:
2343:
2330:
2305:
2284:
2259:
2235:
2179:
2165:
2145:
2125:
2079:
1817:
1757:Deprivation of Political Rights
1118:, and the government drafted a
993:Deprivation of Political Rights
914:although earlier that year the
907:Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902
703:needs additional citations for
662:Puerto Rican Independence Party
251:needs additional citations for
173:Based on residence or ethnicity
157:
34:needs additional citations for
4290:Ohio Women's Convention (1850)
4275:Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
3589:American Civil Liberties Union
3390:Travis, Alan (March 9, 2010).
2054:
1975:
1953:
1924:
1888:
1864:
1353:
1225:European Court of Human Rights
1170:European Court of Human Rights
1034:European Court of Human Rights
943:
932:Roach v Electoral Commissioner
896:
627:
381:Longyearbyen Community Council
1:
1963:. Aec.gov.au. 10 January 2011
1858:
1220:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
1202:, for example), and those on
1165:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
1114:ruled that this breached the
1039:Hirst v United Kingdom (No 2)
660:and representation. Both the
387:, wherein voters had to have
4396:in majority-Muslim countries
4386:Timeline of women's suffrage
4325:Silent Sentinels (1917–1919)
4254:Open Christmas Letter (1914)
4203:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
3775:
3712:(1): 101–141. Archived from
3449:Bowcott, Owen (2017-12-07).
2786:"For Media: Prisoner voting"
2729:Hill, Lisa (November 2009),
2217:Allen, Jordan (2024-02-26).
2133:"Norges Grunnlov av 17. mai"
2112:Election Commission of India
1546:upheld on October 31, 2005.
998:
828:Based on criminal conviction
658:voting rights in Puerto Rico
638:U.S. federal law applies to
396:itself for 3 years to vote.
294:
7:
4766:New Zealand ten-dollar note
4433:(Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
4347:"Give Us the Ballot" (1957)
4285:Rochester Convention (1848)
4070:Constitutional amendments:
3856:Women's liberation movement
2953:Mondoperaio Edizione Online
2947:Buonomo, Giampiero (2015).
2766:, Parliament of Australia,
2531:Torruella, Juan R. (1985).
1872:"Google Books Ngram Viewer"
1790:Non-resident citizen voting
1739:
1711:In some countries, such as
1372:
374:
204:, discuss the issue on the
10:
4829:
4305:Suffrage Hikes (1912–1914)
3474:Kiesraad (22 April 2016).
1397:
1089:
1050:
952:
631:
580:
553:
437:
403:
379:The 2023 election for the
336:
161:
147:
4773:(2020 U.S. commemorative)
4636:
4610:
4592:International Women's Day
4369:
4267:
4211:
4110:
4103:
3864:
3783:
3682:January 24, 2015, at the
2994:"Losing the Vote," p. 17.
2833:The Sydney Morning Herald
1417:This section needs to be
1358:
1233:Lord Falconer of Thoroton
1185:European Union Parliament
1177:Lord Falconer of Thoroton
1110:could do so. In 2000 the
1018:
969:
949:nation's Bill of Rights.
842:felony disenfranchisement
840:, hence the popular term
816:Campaigns for improvement
644:Puerto Rico Supreme Court
624:congressional districts.
549:
540:Voting Rights Act of 1965
357:
307:
4676:Women's suffrage in film
4647:The Women's Marseillaise
4535:Suffragette Handkerchief
4413:Women's rights activists
4193:Hong Kong 1 July marches
2985:, accessed July 28, 2006
2605:Social Science Quarterly
1810:
1729:allows inmates to vote.
1380:allows inmates to vote.
1267:Other European countries
1140:
982:
670:Popular Democratic Party
619:(US military allies) or
348:
331:2020 national plebiscite
315:
132:, is the restriction of
4777:2020 US ten-dollar bill
4761:Susan B. Anthony dollar
4698:Not for Ourselves Alone
4320:Suffrage Special (1916)
4249:Great Pilgrimage (1913)
4198:2014 Hong Kong protests
3796:Right to run for office
3525:"Election Act 714/1998"
3476:"Uitsluiting kiesrecht"
3348:. www.statutelaw.gov.uk
2367:The Two Reconstructions
1007:(Long Hair), member of
937:Australian constitution
927:High Court of Australia
529:serving in local courts
4808:Electoral restrictions
4444:Elizabeth Cady Stanton
4093:1965 Voting Rights Act
3567:, SC 2000, c 9, s 245.
3300:
3228:
3209:
3190:
3179:
2900:The New Zealand Herald
2732:Prisoner voting rights
2519:June 10, 2012, at the
2501:July 19, 2009, at the
1990:. Agence France-Presse
1770:(disfranchised in the
1246:
446:Southern United States
130:voter disqualification
4425:Belmont–Paul Monument
4352:Freedom Summer (1964)
4229:Women's Sunday (1908)
3716:on September 27, 2015
3509:. November 22, 2019.
3367:Criminal Law Act 1967
3143:. Irishstatutebook.ie
1851:following the latter.
1785:Non-citizens (Latvia)
1241:
1223:(2005), in which the
1011:'s popularly elected
666:New Progressive Party
634:Status of Puerto Rico
615:Until 2009, no other
494:racial discrimination
417:2019 general election
389:Norwegian citizenship
4690:Shoulder to Shoulder
4659:The Mother of Us All
4602:Women's Equality Day
4597:Susan B. Anthony Day
4451:Suffragette Memorial
4056:District of Columbia
3826:Non-resident citizen
3739:AfricaFocus Bulletin
3736:, quoted in part in
3565:Canada Elections Act
3277:on February 24, 2010
2349:Richard M. Valelly,
1795:Non-citizen suffrage
1780:Multiple citizenship
1611:District of Columbia
1028:, have ratified the
1003:On 8 December 2008,
712:improve this article
567:free people of color
385:Norwegian government
323:Isabel Allende Bussi
302:Australian elections
260:improve this article
202:improve this section
192:may not represent a
43:improve this article
4557:Hunger Strike Medal
4234:Black Friday (1910)
3020:"Prisoners' Rights"
2108:"Overseas Electors"
1215:European Parliament
1013:Legislative Council
832:The exclusion from
4700:(1999 documentary)
4567:Suffrage jewellery
3791:Universal suffrage
2839:on 24 August 2008.
2792:on 24 August 2014.
2686:Human Rights Watch
2666:Wash. U. Jur. Rev.
2644:10.1093/sw/56.1.89
2495:Puerto Rico Herald
2479:JosĂ© TrĂas Monge,
2386:. 9 January 2018.
2384:The New York Times
2273:. 23 February 2018
1683:Sentencing Project
1544:Iowa Supreme Court
1292:the Czech Republic
1100:electoral register
916:Keating government
886:execution on sight
866:universal suffrage
788:Electoral Register
748:adequate provision
571:American Civil War
535:across the South.
496:in hiring. During
490:racial segregation
478:Theodore Roosevelt
450:Reconstruction Era
428:Conservative Party
126:disenfranchisement
58:"Disfranchisement"
4813:Voter suppression
4795:
4794:
4706:Iron Jawed Angels
4628:Umbrella Movement
4572:Suffragette penny
4486:Millicent Fawcett
4457:Portrait Monument
4365:
4364:
4219:WSPU march (1906)
4036:African Americans
3954:Spain (Civil War,
3846:Compulsory voting
3688:Federal Probation
3418:, 24 October 2012
3326:. October 6, 2005
3246:. matrixlaw.co.uk
3244:"Matrix Chambers"
3103:Irish Independent
3072:Irish Independent
2859:on 14 August 2014
2048:Gobierno de Chile
1438:
1437:
1256:produced a draft
1237:Council of Europe
1200:contempt of court
1108:temporary release
923:Howard government
905:in Australia the
744:
743:
736:
684:Due to disability
525:African Americans
292:
291:
284:
234:
233:
226:
138:barriers to entry
119:
118:
111:
93:
4820:
4618:Age of candidacy
4551:Holloway Jingles
4525:Pankhurst Centre
4496:(2008 sculpture)
4419:Leser v. Garnett
4224:Mud March (1907)
4108:
4107:
4041:Native Americans
3851:Disfranchisement
3770:
3763:
3756:
3747:
3746:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3697:
3691:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3655:. Archived from
3649:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3624:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3591:
3586:
3569:
3561:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3529:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3425:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3387:
3378:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3316:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3276:
3269:
3261:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3137:
3131:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3041:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3016:
3007:
3001:
2995:
2992:
2986:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2955:. Archived from
2943:
2937:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2919:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2891:
2885:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2784:(10 July 1995).
2778:
2772:
2771:
2757:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2739:on 18 March 2013
2726:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2683:
2675:
2669:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2599:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2562:
2556:. Archived from
2555:
2547:
2536:
2529:
2523:
2511:
2505:
2491:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2409:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2376:
2370:
2363:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2336:Michael Perman,
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2064:. Archived from
2058:
2052:
2051:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1938:. Archived from
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1912:The New Republic
1903:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1876:books.google.com
1868:
1852:
1821:
1805:Political apathy
1549:Fifteen states (
1433:
1430:
1424:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1045:Mohammed Bouyeri
892:Asia and Oceania
880:. Most medieval
746:Failure to make
739:
732:
728:
725:
719:
696:
688:
647:Jose Trias Monge
577:Washington, D.C.
521:Great Depression
444:Efforts made by
287:
280:
276:
273:
267:
244:
236:
229:
222:
218:
215:
209:
185:
184:
177:
150:Women's suffrage
122:Disfranchisement
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4791:
4756:(upcoming film)
4682:Votes for Women
4638:
4632:
4606:
4545:Holloway brooch
4540:Holloway banner
4371:
4361:
4330:Night of Terror
4263:
4207:
4099:
3860:
3779:
3774:
3734:Global Exchange
3729:
3719:
3717:
3698:
3694:
3684:Wayback Machine
3675:
3671:
3662:
3660:
3651:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3635:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3613:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3572:
3562:
3558:
3551:
3547:
3537:
3535:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3485:
3483:
3480:www.kiesraad.nl
3472:
3468:
3459:
3457:
3447:
3443:
3434:
3432:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3414:
3410:
3401:
3399:
3388:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3364:
3360:
3351:
3349:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3318:
3317:
3310:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3249:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3185:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3094:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3063:
3059:
3050:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3002:
2998:
2993:
2989:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2962:
2960:
2944:
2940:
2933:
2929:
2913:
2912:
2905:
2903:
2892:
2888:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2825:
2821:
2812:
2810:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2779:
2775:
2758:
2751:
2742:
2740:
2727:
2720:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2692:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2663:
2659:
2628:
2624:
2600:
2593:
2573:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2551:"Archived copy"
2549:
2548:
2539:
2530:
2526:
2521:Wayback Machine
2512:
2508:
2503:Wayback Machine
2492:
2488:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2454:
2452:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2419:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2395:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2364:
2357:
2348:
2344:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2297:
2295:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2251:
2249:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2227:
2225:
2223:The Japan Times
2215:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2117:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2071:
2069:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2025:
2023:
2013:
2006:
1993:
1991:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1945:
1943:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1880:
1878:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1825:Great Migration
1822:
1818:
1813:
1753:(United States)
1742:
1709:
1707:Other countries
1676:Terry McAuliffe
1454:Twenty states (
1434:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1396:
1375:
1370:
1361:
1356:
1320:North Macedonia
1269:
1156:
1147:decree Severino
1143:
1092:
1080:electoral fraud
1069:electoral fraud
1053:
1021:
1005:Leung Kwok Hung
1001:
985:
972:
955:
946:
935:found that the
899:
894:
830:
818:
772:
752:disabled people
740:
729:
723:
720:
709:
697:
686:
636:
630:
585:
579:
558:
552:
513:Representatives
442:
436:
408:
402:
377:
360:
351:
339:
318:
310:
297:
288:
277:
271:
268:
257:
245:
230:
219:
213:
210:
199:
186:
182:
175:
166:
160:
152:
146:
144:Based on gender
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4826:
4816:
4815:
4810:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4750:
4749:(2022 musical)
4742:
4741:(2018 musical)
4734:
4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4673:
4671:Suffrage plays
4668:
4663:
4655:
4650:
4642:
4640:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4494:Great Petition
4490:
4482:
4475:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4448:
4440:
4435:
4431:Rise up, Women
4427:
4422:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4383:
4377:
4375:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4335:Prison Special
4332:
4322:
4317:
4315:Suffrage Torch
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4111:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3987:Cayman Islands
3977:United Kingdom
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3874:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3750:
3744:
3743:
3728:
3727:
3692:
3669:
3644:
3619:
3616:on 2012-01-19.
3592:
3570:
3556:
3545:
3516:
3492:
3466:
3441:
3420:
3408:
3396:guardian.co.uk
3379:
3370:
3358:
3337:
3308:
3288:
3256:
3235:
3216:
3197:
3167:
3153:
3132:
3116:
3085:
3057:
3033:
3008:
2996:
2987:
2969:
2938:
2927:
2886:
2871:
2862:
2842:
2819:
2795:
2773:
2749:
2718:
2698:
2695:on 2010-07-10.
2670:
2657:
2622:
2611:(3): 722–743.
2591:
2537:
2524:
2506:
2486:
2471:
2461:
2428:
2404:
2393:
2371:
2355:
2342:
2329:
2304:
2283:
2258:
2234:
2206:
2178:
2164:
2144:
2124:
2099:
2078:
2053:
2032:
2004:
1988:AFP Fact Check
1974:
1952:
1923:
1898:
1887:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1841:South Carolina
1815:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1800:Nuremberg Laws
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1708:
1705:
1635:Eight states (
1516:South Carolina
1508:North Carolina
1436:
1435:
1416:
1414:
1407:
1398:Main article:
1395:
1392:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1268:
1265:
1254:Chris Grayling
1211:European Union
1196:courts-martial
1160:United Kingdom
1155:
1154:United Kingdom
1152:
1142:
1139:
1091:
1088:
1052:
1049:
1036:. In the case
1026:European Union
1020:
1017:
1000:
997:
984:
981:
971:
968:
954:
951:
945:
942:
898:
895:
893:
890:
829:
826:
817:
814:
813:
812:
808:
803:
802:
795:
791:
780:
771:
768:
742:
741:
700:
698:
691:
685:
682:
632:Main article:
629:
626:
597:retrocessioned
581:Main article:
578:
575:
569:following the
551:
548:
531:. Juries were
482:Woodrow Wilson
438:Main article:
435:
432:
404:Main article:
401:
400:United Kingdom
398:
376:
373:
359:
356:
350:
347:
338:
335:
327:Soledad Alvear
317:
314:
309:
306:
296:
293:
290:
289:
272:September 2007
248:
246:
239:
232:
231:
214:September 2007
196:of the subject
194:worldwide view
189:
187:
180:
174:
171:
162:Main article:
159:
156:
148:Main article:
145:
142:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4825:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4716:(2013 sitcom)
4715:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4695:
4693:
4692:(1974 series)
4691:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4635:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4474:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4368:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
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4026:United States
4024:
4018:
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4008:
4005:
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3998:
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3990:
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3939:Liechtenstein
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3836:Demeny voting
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3759:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3742:, 26 Oct 2004
3741:
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3735:
3731:
3730:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3673:
3659:on 2019-04-14
3658:
3654:
3648:
3634:on 2014-02-11
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3046:
3040:
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3021:
3015:
3013:
3006:
3000:
2991:
2984:
2981:
2973:
2959:on 2016-03-24
2958:
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2884:
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2846:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2823:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2782:Keating, Paul
2777:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2756:
2754:
2738:
2734:
2733:
2725:
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2708:
2702:
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2641:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2598:
2596:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2563:on 2010-12-12
2559:
2552:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2534:
2528:
2522:
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2515:
2510:
2504:
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2439:
2432:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2397:
2389:
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2381:
2375:
2369:; pp. 146-147
2368:
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2194:
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2188:
2182:
2174:
2168:
2154:
2148:
2134:
2128:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2088:
2082:
2068:on 2014-07-23
2067:
2063:
2057:
2050:. 2022-10-14.
2049:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2022:
2018:
2011:
2009:
2001:
1989:
1985:
1978:
1962:
1956:
1942:on 2008-01-09
1941:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1896:
1891:
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1873:
1867:
1863:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1837:1950 Censuses
1834:
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1696:
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1687:United States
1684:
1679:
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1668:
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1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1616:Four states (
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1575:New Hampshire
1572:
1568:
1564:
1563:Massachusetts
1560:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1528:West Virginia
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
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1489:
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1477:
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1406:
1405:
1401:
1394:United States
1391:
1389:
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1383:
1379:
1368:North America
1365:
1351:
1349:
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1337:
1333:
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1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1151:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:Supreme Court
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:postal voting
1101:
1097:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
990:
980:
977:
967:
963:
959:
950:
941:
938:
934:
933:
928:
924:
919:
917:
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908:
904:
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887:
883:
879:
875:
869:
867:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
825:
823:
809:
805:
804:
800:
796:
794:disabilities.
792:
789:
785:
781:
777:
776:
775:
770:Access issues
767:
765:
760:
757:
756:Accessibility
753:
749:
738:
735:
727:
717:
713:
707:
706:
701:This section
699:
695:
690:
689:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
654:
650:
648:
645:
641:
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495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
474:
471:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
441:
434:United States
431:
429:
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422:
418:
412:
407:
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390:
386:
382:
372:
370:
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355:
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344:
334:
332:
328:
324:
313:
305:
303:
286:
283:
275:
265:
261:
255:
254:
249:This section
247:
243:
238:
237:
228:
225:
217:
207:
203:
197:
195:
188:
179:
178:
170:
165:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
4753:
4744:
4736:
4729:
4721:
4714:Up the Women
4713:
4705:
4697:
4689:
4681:
4661:(1947 opera)
4658:
4577:Suffrage Oak
4562:Justice Bell
4549:
4507:
4500:
4493:
4485:
4477:
4470:
4462:
4455:
4443:
4430:
4417:
4117:conferences
3850:
3784:Basic topics
3738:
3718:. Retrieved
3714:the original
3709:
3705:
3695:
3687:
3672:
3661:. Retrieved
3657:the original
3647:
3636:. Retrieved
3632:the original
3622:
3611:the original
3564:
3559:
3548:
3536:. Retrieved
3531:
3519:
3504:
3495:
3484:. Retrieved
3479:
3469:
3458:. Retrieved
3455:the Guardian
3454:
3444:
3433:. Retrieved
3423:
3411:
3400:. Retrieved
3395:
3373:
3361:
3350:. Retrieved
3340:
3328:. Retrieved
3323:
3296:(in Italian)
3291:
3279:. Retrieved
3272:the original
3259:
3248:. Retrieved
3238:
3224:(in Italian)
3219:
3205:(in Italian)
3200:
3186:(in Italian)
3175:(in Italian)
3170:
3161:(in Italian)
3156:
3145:. Retrieved
3135:
3119:
3107:. Retrieved
3101:
3076:. Retrieved
3070:
3060:
3049:. Retrieved
3024:. Retrieved
3003:(in German)
2999:
2990:
2972:
2961:. Retrieved
2957:the original
2952:
2941:
2930:
2904:. Retrieved
2899:
2889:
2883:s 25(b)
2878:
2874:
2865:
2857:the original
2851:
2845:
2837:the original
2832:
2822:
2811:. Retrieved
2807:
2798:
2790:the original
2776:
2762:
2741:, retrieved
2737:the original
2731:
2710:. Retrieved
2701:
2690:the original
2673:
2665:
2660:
2638:(1): 89–91.
2635:
2631:
2625:
2608:
2604:
2565:. Retrieved
2558:the original
2532:
2527:
2509:
2494:
2489:
2480:
2474:
2464:
2453:. Retrieved
2442:The Guardian
2441:
2431:
2420:. Retrieved
2417:Felon Voting
2416:
2407:
2396:
2383:
2374:
2366:
2350:
2345:
2337:
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2318:. p. 48
2307:
2296:. Retrieved
2294:. 2018-02-09
2286:
2275:. Retrieved
2270:
2261:
2250:. Retrieved
2246:
2237:
2226:. Retrieved
2197:. Retrieved
2190:
2181:
2167:
2156:. Retrieved
2147:
2136:. Retrieved
2127:
2116:. Retrieved
2114:. 2018-04-03
2111:
2102:
2090:. Retrieved
2081:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:the original
2056:
2047:
2024:. Retrieved
2020:
1999:
1992:. Retrieved
1987:
1977:
1965:. Retrieved
1955:
1944:. Retrieved
1940:the original
1935:
1926:
1915:. Retrieved
1911:
1901:
1890:
1879:. Retrieved
1875:
1866:
1827:resulted in
1819:
1775:
1772:Soviet Union
1734:South Africa
1731:
1725:
1710:
1694:
1691:
1680:
1669:
1634:
1630:South Dakota
1615:
1603:Rhode Island
1599:Pennsylvania
1587:North Dakota
1548:
1453:
1443:
1439:
1429:October 2022
1426:
1418:
1385:
1376:
1362:
1344:
1281:
1270:
1262:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1218:
1217:. Following
1208:
1189:
1175:
1163:
1157:
1146:
1144:
1132:
1116:Constitution
1093:
1073:
1065:high treason
1054:
1037:
1022:
1002:
986:
973:
964:
960:
956:
947:
930:
920:
912:
906:
900:
870:
862:
841:
831:
819:
773:
763:
761:
745:
730:
721:
710:Please help
705:verification
702:
655:
651:
637:
614:
605:
601:
594:
590:
586:
559:
537:
502:
475:
466:
443:
425:
413:
409:
378:
361:
352:
341:Citizens of
340:
319:
311:
298:
278:
269:
258:Please help
253:verification
250:
220:
211:
191:
167:
158:Based on age
153:
129:
125:
121:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4732:(2015 film)
4730:Suffragette
4724:(2014 film)
4708:(2004 film)
4684:(1912 film)
4520:Eagle House
4373:(memorials)
4061:Puerto Rico
3972:Switzerland
3949:New Zealand
3841:Suffragette
3821:Non-citizen
3720:December 6,
3538:25 February
3330:December 9,
2977:(in German)
2804:"Prisoners"
2668:193 (2009).
2632:Social Work
2469:States...."
1936:www.cia.gov
1829:Mississippi
1721:civil death
1670:One state (
1657:Mississippi
1626:Connecticut
1609:) plus the
1540:Tom Vilsack
1354:Middle East
1336:Switzerland
1277:Netherlands
944:New Zealand
874:civil death
640:Puerto Rico
628:Puerto Rico
505:Solid South
498:World War I
470:poor whites
4802:Categories
4509:Resilience
4051:foreigners
3957:Francoist)
3887:aboriginal
3865:By country
3831:Voting age
3663:2019-04-14
3638:2014-02-11
3486:2018-11-06
3482:(in Dutch)
3460:2018-03-05
3435:2019-02-11
3402:2010-10-30
3377:42 EHHR 41
3352:2010-10-31
3250:2014-02-11
3147:2013-11-08
3125:Keane C.J.
3109:26 October
3078:25 October
3051:2013-11-08
3026:25 October
2963:2019-04-29
2813:2015-06-23
2712:2010-10-31
2567:2010-05-09
2455:2019-11-16
2422:2020-12-29
2298:2018-03-07
2277:2018-03-07
2271:www.gov.uk
2252:2018-03-07
2247:www.gov.uk
2228:2024-05-07
2199:10 October
2158:2023-06-12
2138:2023-06-12
2118:2022-10-14
2092:24 October
2072:2014-07-23
2026:2022-04-01
1946:2018-02-05
1917:2023-10-03
1881:2023-09-24
1859:References
1618:California
1579:New Jersey
1524:Washington
1504:New Mexico
1322:, Norway,
1316:Montenegro
1112:High Court
903:Federation
882:common law
554:See also:
517:committees
164:Voting age
69:newspapers
4530:Paulsdale
3962:Sri Lanka
3919:Hong Kong
3877:Australia
3415:BBC News
3129:Denham J.
2916:cite news
2450:0261-3077
2365:Valelly;
2322:22 August
1768:Lishenets
1661:Tennessee
1532:Wisconsin
1488:Minnesota
1480:Louisiana
1312:Lithuania
1179:, former
1009:Hong Kong
999:Hong Kong
897:Australia
850:probation
764:ab initio
533:all white
486:president
295:Australia
206:talk page
99:June 2022
3992:Scotland
3909:Colombia
3777:Suffrage
3680:Archived
3511:Archived
3398:. London
3324:BBC News
2906:29 April
2768:archived
2743:29 April
2652:21314075
2576:cite web
2517:Archived
2499:Archived
2388:Archived
2021:LeyChile
1994:July 17,
1849:Arkansas
1839:, while
1740:See also
1717:Portugal
1672:Virginia
1653:Kentucky
1645:Delaware
1622:Colorado
1583:New York
1567:Michigan
1555:Illinois
1512:Oklahoma
1496:Nebraska
1492:Missouri
1484:Maryland
1460:Arkansas
1275:and the
878:property
856:and the
838:felonies
799:queueing
724:May 2010
664:and the
563:freedmen
509:Senators
462:freedmen
458:suffrage
394:Svalbard
375:Svalbard
365:Storting
200:You may
134:suffrage
4754:Lioness
4639:culture
4637:Popular
4611:Related
4471:Forward
3914:Ecuador
3872:Austria
3281:July 6,
2484:, p. 43
1967:21 June
1845:Alabama
1759:(China)
1746:Ableism
1700:Al Gore
1665:Wyoming
1649:Florida
1641:Arizona
1637:Alabama
1571:Montana
1559:Indiana
1464:Georgia
1449:Vermont
1419:updated
1348:Finland
1340:Ukraine
1304:Ireland
1300:Finland
1296:Denmark
1288:Croatia
1284:Albania
1090:Ireland
1084:treason
1076:Germany
1061:treason
1057:Germany
1051:Germany
811:voters.
674:Clinton
343:Denmark
337:Denmark
124:, also
83:scholar
4738:Sylvia
4488:statue
4473:statue
4446:statue
4104:Events
4066:states
4046:felons
3967:Sweden
3944:Mexico
3934:Kuwait
3899:Canada
3532:Finlex
2881:(NSW)
2650:
2448:
1663:, and
1628:, and
1605:, and
1595:Oregon
1551:Hawaii
1536:felony
1530:, and
1500:Nevada
1476:Kansas
1456:Alaska
1378:Canada
1373:Canada
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