320:
383:
462:. He argued that as science grew exponentially it presented new challenges to policy-makers, and that they could be helped by the kind of Scientometric work he was carrying out and promoting. Clearly exponential growth cannot continue indefinitely, and the slowing of growth rates will correspond to pressing issues around allocation of resources. He also emphasised the critical importance of communication, referring to the "
33:
450:(SCI), and formed a lasting collaboration. SCI would provide most of the data for his quantitative work, allowing studies not just of the quantity of scientific publication, but, for example, of the impact of those publications, and of the duration of that impact. In 1965, Price gave the first Science of Science Foundation lecture, entitled
246:, while Raffles College had its library built. He started reading these, and as he placed the volumes in chronological order he noticed that their yearly height increased exponentially with time. This led to a presentation at the Sixth International Congress of the History of Science in Amsterdam, in 1950.
394:
After obtaining his second doctorate, Price found advancement difficult in
England. One colleague alleged that Price, who came from a lower-class background, was "not socially house-trained," and he suspected that he was turned down for university positions for personal reasons. Price decided to move
343:
in 1900, and its function had remained unknown. Price started working on this in the 1950s, and continued on and off for twenty years using various techniques including gamma radiography. He published two papers on the mechanism, in 1959 and 1974, showing that it was a planetary computer, dating from
300:
Price received a
Nuffield Foundation award for research in the History of science, which enabled him to work on scientific instruments during 1955–1956. He first prepared a catalogue of the instrument collection of the British Museum, and then a catalogue of all the ancient astrolabes that he was
240:, the naval historian, who stimulated a love of history in Price that would change the direction of his career. While in Singapore, he formulated his theory on the exponential growth of science. He was looking after the university's complete run of the
554:
Quantitative studies of the network of citations between scientific papers (Price 1965), including the discovery that both the in- and out-degrees of a citation network have power-law distributions, making this the first published example of a
430:
who had been
Professor of the History of Medicine since 1951. Price became Professor of the History of Science, and on Fulton's death in 1960 became chairman of the department. In 1962 he became the Avalon Professor of the History of Science.
514:, on the topic of authors publishing academic literature, proposed that half of the publications come from the square root of all authors. For example, if 100 papers are written by 25 authors, then
279:, an astronomical calculating instrument, and became the basis of the thesis for his PhD, which he obtained in 1954, and also for a book, published the following year. He believed the work to be by
308:, the historian of Chinese science. As a result of his work on the Equatorium Price was invited to participate in a project on medieval Chinese astronomical clocks. This led to the book
1204:
1920:
Allison, Paul D.; Price, Derek de Solla; Griffith, Belver C.; Moravcsik, Michael J.; Stewart, John A. (1976). "Lotka's Law: A Problem in Its
Interpretation and Application".
542:
2440:
2393:
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492:
225:, which he obtained in 1946. This work led to several research papers and to a patent for an emissive-correcting optical pyrometer. He then went to the USA on a
2298:
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2339:
477:, in London, during a visit to attend the wedding of his niece. He was survived by his wife, Ellen, and their three children, Linda, Jeffrey, and Mark.
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169:, an ancient Greek planetary computer, and for quantitative studies on scientific publications, which led to his being described as the "Herald of
2327:
2292:
2244:
242:
257:, supported by an ICI fellowship. He had initially intended to work on a survey of scientific instruments, but during his studies he discovered
2536:
2452:
1134:—— (1970). "Citation Measures of Hard Science, Soft Science, Technology, and Nonscience". In Nelson, C.E.; Pollock, D.K. (eds.).
1427:
Yagi, Eri; Badash, Lawrence; Beaver, Donald de (1996). "Derek J. de S. Price (1922–83) Historian of science and herald of scientometrics".
2053:
Gillispie, C. C. (1961). "Science Since
Babylon. Derek J. de Solla Price. Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn., 1961. 149 pp. $ 4.50".
2661:
544:
out of the 25 authors will have contributed 50 papers. However, empirical data suggest that Price's law is a poor fit, while the related
438:, and its application to science policy, became the principal focus of Price's work from the 1960s onwards. In 1963 his best-known book
232:
In 1948 Price took a 3-year position as a teacher of applied mathematics at
Raffles College, Singapore, which was to become part of the
229:
fellowship, working in
Pittsburgh and Princeton, returning to England in 1947. He was married that year to Ellen Hjorth in Copenhagen.
1393:
Mathematically, Price's law and Lotka's law are neither contradictory, nor does either imply the other without additional assumptions.
319:
2651:
466:", a network of scientific communication that exists outside formal channels. The lecture was reviewed at length in the journal
213:
in 1942. He then worked as an assistant to Harry Lowery carrying out research on hot and molten metals, and working towards a
2152:
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933:
2110:
2286:
488:
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1164:
703:
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426:(1961). In 1960, a Department of History of Science and Medicine was formed at Yale, largely through the efforts of
2646:
2145:
1762:
845:
Contra-Copernicus: A Critical Re-estimation of the
Mathematical Planetary Theory of Ptolemy, Copernicus, and Kepler
233:
679:
An Old
Palmistry, Being the Earliest Known Book of Palmistry in English, Edited from the Bodleian Ms Digby Roll IV
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387:
2118:
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259:
404:
268:
124:
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2105:
2002:
1373:
285:
1730:"Like Opening a Pyramid and Finding an Atomic Bomb': Derek de Solla Price and the Antikythera Mechanism"
2641:
2232:
605:
Price, Derek J. (1947). "The temperature variation of the emissivity of metals in the near infra-red".
2626:
2616:
193:, and Fanny de Solla, a singer. He began work in 1938 as an assistant in a physics laboratory at the
98:
1202:—— (1976). "A general theory of bibliometric and other cumulative advantage processes".
1194:
905:
517:
2636:
1218:
1685:
Beaver, Donald deB. (1985). "Eloge: Derek John deSolla Price (22 January 1922-3 September 1983)".
2168:
588:
566:
400:
254:
120:
2127:
1291:
Noble, Joseph V.; Price, Derek, J.de Solla (1968). "The Water Clock in the Tower of the Winds".
565:, a mathematical theory of the growth of citation networks, based on what would now be called a
2570:
2003:"Patterns of Productivity in the Finance Literature: A Study of the Bibliometric Distributions"
1213:
1139:
495:
to scientists with outstanding contributions to the fields of quantitative studies of science.
447:
237:
194:
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1328:
944:"In Tribute to Derek John De Solla Price: A Citation Analysis of Little Science, Big Science"
577:
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38:
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614:
474:
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222:
218:
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206:
116:
647:—— (1952). "The early observatory instruments of trinity college, Cambridge".
8:
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2189:
376:
210:
162:
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1848:
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989:
819:
726:
618:
551:
Studies of the exponential growth of science and the half-life of scientific literature;
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2018:
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963:
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Proceedings of the Tenth
International Congress of the History of Science (Ithaca, N.Y)
893:
831:
785:
738:
556:
412:
349:
324:
250:
158:
1472:
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1102:
Portable Sundials in antiquity: Including an account of a new example from Aphrodisias
827:
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1980:
1964:
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1821:
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1149:
Gears from the Greeks. The Antikythera Mechanism: A Calendar Computer from ca. 80 B.C
1122:
1105:
1088:
1055:
1038:
1001:
929:
913:—— (1962). "Mechanical Waterclocks of the 14th Century in Fez, Morocco".
881:
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772:
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Price gave a series of lectures in Yale in 1959, which formed the basis for a book,
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1976:
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initially as a one-year visitor. He would remain at Yale for the rest of his life.
280:
88:
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2238:
2039:
The technical elements of Price's treatment relied heavily upon previous work by
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138:
128:
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305:
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170:
84:
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382:
367: ... from a rather well-known Sephardic Jewish family", and although his
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638:. Sixth International Congress of the History of Science, Amsterdam, 1950.
294:
2137:
1481:
2524:
2256:
1965:"Price's square root law: Empirical validity and relation to Lotka's law"
713:—— (1955). "Medieval Land Surveying and Topographical Maps".
372:
356:, and showed it to be water-driven clockwork, showing times and seasons.
340:
202:
1770:
1747:
835:
2043:, but Price was the first to apply the idea to the growth of a network.
2026:
1591:
1367:
1257:
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1126:
1109:
1092:
959:
869:
852:
786:"On the origin of clockwork, perpetual motion devices, and the compass"
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759:
742:
686:
276:
1941:
1813:
1706:
1529:
1312:
2375:
1856:
1792:
Leake, Chauncey D. (1960). "Eloge: John Farquhar Fulton, 1899-1960".
1456:"Derek John De Solla Price (1922–1983): The man and the contribution"
943:
379:, regard their marriage as "mixed", because they were both atheists.
290:
154:
1156:
734:
32:
2542:
2446:
1805:
1698:
1508:
Mackay, Alan (1984). "Derek John de Solla Price: An Appreciation".
1304:
1275:
Heavenly clockwork: the great astronomical clocks of medieval China
484:
for outstanding contributions in the field of information science.
1344:
Science, Technology, and Society: A Cross-disciplinary Perspective
1570:
Bedini, Silvio A. (1984). "Derek J. De Solla Price (1922-1983)".
368:
364:
339:. This machine had been retrieved from a wreck off the island of
198:
186:
696:'The Equatorie of the Planetis': Edited from Peterhouse MS. 75.1
473:
Price died of a heart attack at the home of his oldest friend,
459:
353:
328:
190:
182:
1919:
1342:
Spiegel-Rösing, Ina-Susanne; Price, Derek J.De Solla (1977).
1273:
Needham, Joseph; Wang, Ling; Price, Derek J.De Solla (1960).
862:
The Little Ship of Venice: A Middle English instrument tract
390:
Clock, from a Bulletin of the Smithsonian Institution (1959)
249:
Returning to England, Price decided to make a career in the
2124:; International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics
976:—— (1964). "Ethics of Scientific Publication".
331:. A 1762 illustration reproduced by Noble and Price (1968)
2106:
This Week's Citation Classic: Little Science, Big Science
493:
International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics
1659:
The Light Ages: The Surprising Story of Medieval Science
1070:—— (1967). "Nations can Publish or Perish".
1049:
1013:—— (1965). "Networks of Scientific Papers".
1205:
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
363:
name, "de Solla", as a middle name. He was a "British
1962:
670:
Chaucer's astronomy (Weekly evening meeting offprint)
594:
A full bibliography is provided by Yagi et al. (1986)
569:
process (Price 1976). This is closely related to the
520:
335:
Another interest in ancient technology concerned the
806:—— (1959). "An Ancient Greek Computer".
1877:
1341:
636:
Quantitative measures of the development of science
304:While working on his Ph.D. in Cambridge, Price met
153:(22 January 1922 – 3 September 1983) was a British
536:
1735:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
415:. In 1959 he joined the Department of History at
411:. At Princeton he studied ancient astronomy with
2667:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
2583:
2001:Chung, Kee H.; Cox, Raymond A. K. (March 1990).
1835:"Analysing and Planning the Growth of Science".
1426:
1272:
640:Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences
503:Price's major scientific contributions include:
2119:Derek John de Solla Price Medal of the journal
1244:—— (1978). "Editorial statements".
243:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
1623:"Obituary Derek John de Solla Price 1922-1983"
1085:The Differences between Science and Technology
2153:
1880:12 rules for life : an antidote to chaos
1763:"Gay Pride 2007 at Community Church of NY UU"
1121:. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
792:(218). Smithsonian Institution Press: 81–112.
790:Bulletin of the United States National Museum
1333:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1136:Communication among Scientists and Engineers
452:The Scientific Foundations of Science Policy
165:. He was known for his investigation of the
2167:
1460:Bulletin of the Medical Library Association
1279:Second edition 1986; with supplement 2008:
1151:. New Series. Vol. 64. pp. 1–70.
498:
480:In 1984, Price received, posthumously, the
16:Physicist and science historian (1922–1983)
2160:
2146:
1290:
1054:. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press.
442:was published. Early in that year, he met
386:Part of the mechanism of the 14th-century
31:
2052:
1638:
1471:
1217:
253:, and enrolled for a second Ph.D. at the
37:Derek de Solla Price with a model of the
2657:English people of Spanish-Jewish descent
2602:Alumni of University of London Worldwide
2000:
1680:
1678:
1565:
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1559:
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1555:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1453:
769:Scientific Humanities: An Urgent Program
752:An International Checklist of Astrolabes
598:
399:. In 1957 he became a consultant to the
381:
359:Around 1950, Price adopted his mother's
318:
316:and Price, which was published in 1960.
1969:Information Processing & Management
1963:Travis Nicholls, Paul (December 1988).
1904:12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos
1447:
928:. New York: Columbia University Press.
2584:
1684:
1652:
1650:
1620:
1507:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1387:
371:wife, Ellen, had been christened as a
2141:
1791:
1761:Price, Mark de Solla (25 June 2007).
1760:
1727:
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1201:
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859:
842:
805:
783:
766:
749:
712:
693:
676:
672:. Royal Institution of Great Britain.
667:
646:
633:
604:
375:, he did not, according to their son
1656:
1647:
1407:
1240:(Winner of 1976 JASIS paper award.)
917:. Paris: Hermann. pp. 599–602.
607:Proceedings of the Physical Society
489:Derek de Solla Price Memorial Medal
434:The quantitative study of science,
13:
2662:Leonardo da Vinci Medal recipients
2092:Works by Derek John de Solla Price
2019:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1990.tb05095.x
1871:
864:. Vol. 15. pp. 399–407.
348:, he studied the machinery of the
195:South West Essex Technical College
14:
2678:
2085:
1429:Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
1087:. Thomas Alva Edison Foundation.
828:10.1038/scientificamerican0659-60
289:, but it is now attributed to a
234:National University of Singapore
2652:20th-century English historians
2046:
2033:
1994:
1956:
1913:
1828:
1785:
1293:American Journal of Archaeology
642:. Vol. 14. pp. 85–93.
2128:Derek J. de Solla Price Papers
1754:
1721:
698:. Cambridge University Press.
591:instrument (Price 1959, 1974).
537:{\displaystyle {\sqrt {25}}=5}
1:
2075:10.1126/science.133.3467.1817
1400:
1277:. Cambridge University Press.
1119:Measuring the Size of Science
794:Reprinted 2019 by Good Press
271:. The manuscript, written in
260:The Equatorie of the Planetis
1981:10.1016/0306-4573(88)90049-0
1878:Peterson, Jordan B. (2019).
1138:. Lexington, Massachusetts:
1035:10.1126/science.149.3683.510
998:10.1126/science.144.3619.655
405:Institute for Advanced Study
269:Cambridge University Library
176:
125:Institute for Advanced Study
7:
2101:Derek de Solla Price (1983)
1374:A Treatise on the Astrolabe
1361:
925:Little Science, Big Science
440:Little Science, Big Science
403:, and then a fellow at the
286:A Treatise on the Astrolabe
10:
2683:
1934:10.1177/030631277600600205
1522:10.1177/030631284014002013
627:10.1088/0959-5309/59/1/319
2426:
2313:
2175:
1922:Social Studies of Science
1728:Jones, Alexander (2018).
1640:10.1080/00033798400200431
1584:10.1353/tech.1984.a890032
1510:Social Studies of Science
661:10.1080/00033795200200012
344:about 80 BCE. Also, with
151:Derek John de Solla Price
144:
134:
112:
105:
99:John Desmond Bernal Prize
94:
80:
64:
45:
30:
23:
1441:10.1179/isr.1996.21.1.64
1380:
715:The Geographical Journal
499:Scientific contributions
2647:Yale University faculty
2269:Derek J. de Solla Price
2169:Leonardo da Vinci Medal
1843:(4986): 749–751. 1965.
1147:—— (1974).
1117:—— (1969).
1100:—— (1969).
1083:—— (1968).
1050:—— (1975).
922:—— (1963).
860:—— (1960).
843:—— (1959).
784:—— (1959).
767:—— (1957).
750:—— (1955).
694:—— (1955).
677:—— (1953).
668:—— (1952).
634:—— (1951).
567:preferential attachment
508:Price's square root law
401:Smithsonian Institution
255:University of Cambridge
121:University of Cambridge
25:Derek J. de Solla Price
2607:Information scientists
2007:The Journal of Finance
1621:Turner, G.L'e (1984).
1572:Technology and Culture
1228:10.1002/asi.4630270505
1140:D.C. Heath and Company
1072:Science and Technology
878:10.1093/jhmas/xv.4.399
538:
448:Science Citation Index
391:
332:
238:C. Northcote Parkinson
209:, where he received a
2632:Historians of science
2299:Donald S. L. Cardwell
1454:Crawford, S. (1984).
1346:. SAGE Publications.
1052:Science since Babylon
942:Garfield, E. (1985).
599:Selected publications
578:Antikythera mechanism
539:
424:Science since Babylon
409:Princeton, New Jersey
385:
337:Antikythera mechanism
322:
189:, to Philip Price, a
167:Antikythera mechanism
163:information scientist
39:Antikythera mechanism
2501:John M. Staudenmaier
2364:Edwin T. Layton, Jr.
1661:. New York: Norton.
518:
323:An engraving of the
223:experimental physics
207:University of London
159:historian of science
117:University of London
2406:Ruth Schwartz Cowan
2352:Sidney M. Edelstein
2209:Cyril Stanley Smith
2190:Abbott Payson Usher
2184:Robert James Forbes
2067:1961Sci...133.1817M
1882:. : Penguin Books.
1849:1965Natur.206..749.
1027:1965Sci...149..510D
990:1964Sci...144..655D
820:1959SciAm.200f..60P
808:Scientific American
727:1955GeogJ.121....1P
619:1947PPS....59..131P
576:An analysis of the
482:ASIS Research Award
211:Bachelor of Science
2612:People from Leyton
2477:David A. Hounshell
2412:Walter G. Vincenti
2370:Carroll W. Pursell
2346:Robert P. Multhauf
2275:Eugene S. Ferguson
2115:29:18 (July 1983).
2113:. Current Contents
1773:on 15 October 2013
1657:Falk, Seb (2020).
1258:10.1007/BF02016836
960:10.1007/BF02017163
557:scale-free network
534:
491:is awarded by the
392:
350:Tower of the Winds
333:
325:Tower of the Winds
310:Heavenly Clockwork
283:, who had written
251:history of science
197:, before studying
181:Price was born in
2642:Jewish historians
2579:
2578:
2559:Arthur P. Molella
2555:Maria Paula Diogo
2513:Rosalind Williams
2388:Merritt Roe Smith
2358:R. Angus Buchanan
2340:Hugh G. J. Aitken
2132:Adler Planetarium
2096:Project Gutenberg
1627:Annals of Science
1061:978-0-300-01797-7
1021:(3683): 510–515.
984:(3619): 655–657.
935:978-0-231-08562-5
649:Annals of Science
585:analogue computer
526:
475:Anthony Michaelis
464:invisible college
456:Royal Institution
446:, founder of the
227:Commonwealth Fund
148:
147:
135:Doctoral students
107:Scientific career
2674:
2627:Bibliometricians
2617:English atheists
2571:Donald MacKenzie
2495:Svante Lindqvist
2489:Susan J. Douglas
2471:Eric H. Robinson
2435:Silvio A. Bedini
2400:Nathan Rosenberg
2334:Thomas P. Hughes
2215:Melvin Kranzberg
2162:
2155:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2079:
2078:
2050:
2044:
2041:Herbert A. Simon
2037:
2031:
2030:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1917:
1911:
1901:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1857:10.1038/206749a0
1832:
1826:
1825:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1769:. Archived from
1758:
1752:
1751:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1682:
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1672:
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1645:
1644:
1642:
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1505:
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1394:
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1338:
1332:
1324:
1278:
1269:
1239:
1221:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1178:
1143:
1142:. pp. 3–22.
1130:
1113:
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1079:
1065:
1046:
1009:
971:
939:
918:
909:
903:
899:
897:
889:
856:
839:
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780:
763:
746:
709:
690:
673:
664:
643:
630:
543:
541:
540:
535:
527:
522:
487:Since 1984, the
301:able to locate.
281:Geoffrey Chaucer
71:
68:3 September 1983
55:
53:
35:
21:
20:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2637:Jewish atheists
2582:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2531:Ronald R. Kline
2422:
2322:Louis C. Hunter
2309:
2263:Friedrich Klemm
2239:A. G. Drachmann
2171:
2166:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2034:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1961:
1957:
1918:
1914:
1890:
1876:
1872:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1790:
1786:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1755:
1726:
1722:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1655:
1648:
1619:
1615:
1569:
1568:
1553:
1506:
1489:
1452:
1448:
1425:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1364:
1354:
1326:
1325:
1190:
1189:
1180:
1179:
1167:
1157:10.2307/1006146
1062:
941:
936:
921:
901:
900:
891:
890:
735:10.2307/1791800
706:
601:
521:
519:
516:
515:
501:
454:, given at the
444:Eugene Garfield
417:Yale University
413:Otto Neugebauer
275:, describes an
236:. There he met
179:
139:Lawrence Badash
129:Yale University
127:
123:
119:
87:
76:
75:London, England
73:
69:
60:
59:Leyton, England
57:
56:22 January 1922
51:
49:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2680:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2551:
2549:Francesca Bray
2545:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2521:
2519:Pamela O. Long
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2441:Robert C. Post
2437:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2394:Bruce Sinclair
2390:
2384:
2382:W. David Lewis
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2281:Torsten Althin
2277:
2271:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2251:Carl W. Condit
2247:
2241:
2235:
2233:Bertrand Gille
2229:
2223:
2221:Joseph Needham
2217:
2211:
2205:
2203:Maurice Daumas
2199:
2192:
2186:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2121:Scientometrics
2116:
2103:
2098:
2087:
2086:External links
2084:
2081:
2080:
2061:(3467): 1817.
2045:
2032:
2013:(1): 301–309.
1993:
1975:(4): 469–477.
1955:
1928:(2): 269–276.
1912:
1889:978-0141988511
1888:
1870:
1827:
1806:10.1086/349415
1800:(4): 560–562.
1784:
1767:Mark and Vinny
1753:
1742:(3): 259–294.
1720:
1699:10.1086/353880
1693:(3): 371–374.
1674:
1667:
1646:
1633:(2): 105–107.
1613:
1551:
1516:(2): 315–320.
1487:
1466:(2): 238–239.
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1377:
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1358:
1352:
1339:
1305:10.2307/503828
1299:(4): 345–355.
1288:
1270:
1246:Scientometrics
1241:
1219:10.1.1.161.114
1212:(5): 292–306.
1199:
1191:|journal=
1166:978-0871696472
1165:
1144:
1131:
1114:
1097:
1080:
1067:
1060:
1047:
1010:
973:
954:(3): 487–503.
948:Scientometrics
934:
919:
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902:|journal=
857:
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803:
781:
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747:
710:
705:978-0521059947
704:
691:
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631:
613:(1): 131–138.
600:
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596:
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574:
571:Matthew effect
560:
552:
549:
548:is a good fit;
533:
530:
525:
500:
497:
436:Scientometrics
306:Joseph Needham
273:Middle English
267:manuscript in
178:
175:
171:scientometrics
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110:
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103:
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85:Scientometrics
82:
81:Known for
78:
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72:(aged 61)
66:
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2329:
2328:Brooke Hindle
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
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2306:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2293:John Bell Rae
2290:
2288:
2284:
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2278:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2252:
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2246:
2245:Ladislao Reti
2242:
2240:
2236:
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2227:Lewis Mumford
2224:
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2196:Lynn T. White
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1578:(3): 701–05.
1577:
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927:
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837:
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829:
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821:
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809:
804:
801:
800:4057664653352
797:
791:
787:
782:
778:
774:
770:
765:
761:
757:
754:. Peyronnet.
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
711:
707:
701:
697:
692:
688:
684:
681:. W. Heffer.
680:
675:
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658:
654:
650:
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641:
637:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
603:
602:
593:
590:
586:
583:
582:ancient Greek
579:
575:
572:
568:
564:
563:Price's model
561:
558:
553:
550:
547:
531:
528:
523:
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397:United States
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137:
133:
130:
126:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
90:
89:Price's model
86:
83:
79:
67:
63:
48:
44:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2622:English Jews
2565:Suzanne Moon
2537:Arnold Pacey
2507:Wiebe Bijker
2483:Joel A. Tarr
2465:David E. Nye
2459:David Landes
2417:
2304:
2268:
2120:
2109:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2035:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1986:24 September
1984:. Retrieved
1972:
1968:
1958:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1909:Google Books
1902:
1879:
1873:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1771:the original
1766:
1756:
1739:
1733:
1723:
1690:
1686:
1658:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1575:
1571:
1513:
1509:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1432:
1428:
1389:
1372:
1343:
1329:cite journal
1296:
1292:
1274:
1249:
1245:
1209:
1203:
1148:
1135:
1118:
1101:
1084:
1075:
1071:
1051:
1018:
1014:
981:
977:
951:
947:
924:
914:
861:
844:
814:(6): 60–67.
811:
807:
789:
768:
751:
718:
714:
695:
678:
669:
652:
648:
639:
635:
610:
606:
589:astronomical
511:
507:
502:
486:
479:
472:
451:
439:
433:
423:
421:
393:
358:
346:Joseph Noble
334:
312:by Needham,
309:
303:
299:
295:John Westwyk
293:monk called
284:
258:
248:
241:
231:
180:
150:
149:
113:Institutions
106:
70:(1983-09-03)
18:
2597:1983 deaths
2592:1922 births
2525:Johan Schot
2453:Bart Hacker
2418:not awarded
2305:not awarded
2287:John U. Nef
2257:Bern Dibner
1907:, p. 8, at
940:See review
546:Lotka's law
512:Price's law
428:John Fulton
341:Antikythera
203:Mathematics
2586:Categories
1898:1027531543
1401:References
1368:Equatorium
1252:(1): 3–8.
1127:B007EMQHT0
1110:B0007K65O8
1093:B0007HNK3U
1066:see review
870:B0007JV620
853:B0007KCWS6
777:B0007KAV84
760:B0007JKDJ2
721:(1): 1–7.
687:B000PIYKBW
277:Equatorium
265:Peterhouse
52:1922-01-22
2376:Otto Mayr
2314:1983–1999
2176:1962–1982
1950:144984109
1822:144622426
1715:143775231
1435:: 64–84.
1321:193112893
1214:CiteSeerX
1193:ignored (
1183:cite book
904:ignored (
894:cite book
361:Sephardic
314:Wang Ling
291:St Albans
217:external
177:Biography
155:physicist
2543:Joy Parr
2447:Leo Marx
1777:28 March
1748:45211597
1608:35626138
1600:11615964
1538:11611467
1362:See also
1266:12528125
1078:: 84–90.
1043:14325149
1006:17806989
968:35486836
886:13737960
836:26309507
655:: 1–12.
388:De Dondi
373:Lutheran
2130:at the
2063:Bibcode
2055:Science
2027:2328824
1865:4249827
1845:Bibcode
1592:3104244
1546:5587505
1482:6375781
1236:8536863
1175:1006146
1023:Bibcode
1015:Science
986:Bibcode
978:Science
816:Bibcode
743:1791800
723:Bibcode
615:Bibcode
395:to the
365:Atheist
205:at the
199:Physics
187:England
2569:2022:
2563:2021:
2553:2020:
2547:2019:
2541:2018:
2535:2017:
2529:2016:
2523:2015:
2517:2014:
2511:2013:
2505:2012:
2499:2011:
2493:2010:
2487:2009:
2481:2008:
2475:2007:
2469:2006:
2463:2005:
2457:2004:
2451:2003:
2445:2002:
2439:2001:
2433:2000:
2410:1998:
2404:1997:
2398:1996:
2392:1995:
2386:1994:
2380:1993:
2374:1992:
2368:1991:
2362:1990:
2356:1989:
2350:1988:
2344:1987:
2338:1986:
2332:1985:
2326:1984:
2320:1983:
2297:1981:
2291:1980:
2285:1979:
2279:1978:
2273:1977:
2267:1976:
2261:1975:
2255:1974:
2249:1973:
2243:1972:
2237:1971:
2231:1970:
2225:1969:
2219:1968:
2213:1967:
2207:1966:
2201:1965:
2194:1964:
2188:1963:
2182:1962:
2025:
1948:
1942:284934
1940:
1896:
1886:
1863:
1837:Nature
1820:
1814:228615
1812:
1746:
1713:
1707:232859
1705:
1665:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1544:
1536:
1530:284662
1528:
1480:
1473:227421
1470:
1350:
1319:
1313:503828
1311:
1283:
1264:
1234:
1216:
1173:
1163:
1125:
1108:
1091:
1058:
1041:
1004:
966:
932:
884:
868:
851:
834:
798:
775:
758:
741:
702:
685:
468:Nature
460:London
369:Danish
354:Athens
329:Athens
215:London
191:tailor
183:Leyton
161:, and
101:(1981)
95:Awards
2427:2000-
2416:1999
2303:1982
2198:, Jr.
2023:JSTOR
1946:S2CID
1938:JSTOR
1861:S2CID
1818:S2CID
1810:JSTOR
1744:JSTOR
1711:S2CID
1703:JSTOR
1604:S2CID
1588:JSTOR
1542:S2CID
1526:JSTOR
1381:Notes
1317:S2CID
1309:JSTOR
1262:S2CID
1232:S2CID
1171:JSTOR
964:S2CID
832:JSTOR
739:JSTOR
580:, an
219:Ph.D.
2557:and
1988:2017
1894:OCLC
1884:ISBN
1794:Isis
1779:2022
1687:Isis
1663:ISBN
1596:PMID
1534:PMID
1478:PMID
1348:ISBN
1335:link
1281:ISBN
1195:help
1161:ISBN
1123:ASIN
1106:ASIN
1089:ASIN
1056:ISBN
1039:PMID
1002:PMID
930:ISBN
906:help
882:PMID
866:ASIN
849:ASIN
773:ASIN
756:ASIN
700:ISBN
683:ASIN
587:and
377:Mark
263:, a
201:and
65:Died
46:Born
2111:ISI
2094:at
2071:doi
2059:133
2015:doi
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