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464:. Gardella had been offered US$ 5,000 to play for the Giants, a raise of $ 500 from his salary the year before; he returned the contract unsigned, hoping to renegotiate at spring training. However, after arriving in Miami, Gardella was informed by manager Mel Ott that even if he did sign the contract, his career with the Giants was over and he would be put on the trade block.
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In June 1949, faced with the prospect of a courtroom defeat, Chandler offered amnesty to the players who had gone to the
Mexican League. Gardella, warned by his lawyer that he faced a long and costly legal battle, dropped his lawsuit. He said later that he received a $ 60,000 settlement from
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also joined the exodus but immediately returned before the season started to escape the sanction. The first player to learn of
Chandler's seriousness was Owen, who returned the same year, asked for clemency, and was refused.
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Gardella was a longshoreman at the Jersey City naval shipyard when he was discovered by a Giants scout in 1944, as a player on a semipro shipyard team. He played six weeks with the minor league
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in 1994, Gardella took pride in having brought his court challenge. "I feel I let the whole world know that the reserve clause was unfair," he said. "It had the odor of peonage, even slavery."
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chose to play
Gardella, naturally a left fielder, at first base. He was named to the Mexican League All-Star Game on July 9, 1946 as part of the Southern squad, where he hit two home runs.
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715:"He Helped Blaze Free Agents' Trail : Baseball: Gardella challenged the major leagues' antitrust exemption in 1947 – and still has second thoughts about the result"
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Many years after
Gardella faded from the baseball scene, the United States Supreme Court rejected two challenges to the reserve clause, most notably in
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ruling that found baseball was not a business engaged in interstate commerce within the meaning of federal antitrust law. But in
February 1949, the
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imposed a ban of at least five years on all the players who had gone to the
Mexican League for violating the reserve clause.
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Known more for his on-field antics than his playing ability, Gardella would often walk on his hands, and perform other
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and never again played in the major leagues. After leaving the game, he worked in a warehouse, as a hospital
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over the offseason at a New York gym. Pasquel had also made generous offers to other major leaguers;
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and restrains trade." A year later, the case was dismissed by a federal judge who cited a 1922
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In 1950 Gardella signed with the St. Louis
Cardinals, but was sent to the minors after one
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Raiders in the Major Leagues: The Pasquel Brothers Vs. Organized Baseball, 1946
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Three days later, Gardella announced he had accepted an $ 13,000 offer to play in
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Reflecting on his lawsuit and his possible consequences in an interview with the
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Gardella is best known as one of the handful of MLB players who "jumped" their
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all defected to Mexico, despite the objections of their major league clubs.
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McKelvey, G. Richard (2006). "Danny
Gardella: The Pasquels' First Catch".
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in an early chapter in the labor-management skirmishes that brought
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United States
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stunts. He was also one of the first players to train with
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the Major League Baseball hierarchy and the Giants in the
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April 20, 1950, for the St. Louis Cardinals
741:"Danny Gardella, 85, Dies; Challenged Reserve Clause"
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Durso, Joseph. "Arbitrator Frees 2 Baseball Stars,"
357:, Gardella filed suit against MLB, arguing that the
311:(February 26, 1920 – March 6, 2005) was an American
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May 14, 1944, for the New York Giants
412:In a three-season career, Gardella compiled a .267
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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622:Gardella died from congestive heart failure in
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768:Career statistics and player information from
369:that would eventually guarantee MLB players
547:leagues after playing in Mexico, Gardella
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111:Learn how and when to remove this message
713:Mulligan, Thomas S. (October 22, 1994).
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471:; the outfielder had met and befriended
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739:Goldstein, Richard (March 13, 2005).
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626:on March 6, 2005, at age 85.
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636:Van Lingle Mungo (song)
587:and as a gym trainer.
504:In 100 games with the
815:Fulton Tigers players
408:Major League Baseball
317:Major League Baseball
313:professional baseball
309:Daniel Lewis Gardella
534:Gardella v. Chandler
45:improve this article
687:McKelvey, pp. 91–93
678:McKelvey, pp. 87–88
363:antitrust exemption
294:St. Louis Cardinals
223:Last MLB appearance
770:Baseball Reference
699:The New York Times
506:Azules de Veracruz
383:Jersey City Giants
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800:2005 deaths
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751:February 9,
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600:Peter Seitz
575:Later years
539:In October
499:Mickey Owen
442:Joe Medwick
402:free agency
371:free agency
789:Categories
642:References
596:Curt Flood
571:baseball.
492:Max Lanier
484:Sal Maglie
475:president
164:1920-02-26
147:Outfielder
71:newspapers
523:Shortstop
418:home runs
390:acrobatic
323:with the
249:Home runs
213:MLB debut
630:See also
592:the case
481:pitchers
416:with 24
585:orderly
496:catcher
438:Mel Ott
424:in 169
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