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58:
379:("The Walls"), and some prisoners moved to Cummins from the former penitentiary. Since the establishment of the prison, it had housed African-American men and women. Beginning in 1936, white male prisoners with disciplinary problems were housed at Cummins. As of 1958, most prisoners worked in farming, producing cotton, livestock, and vegetables. The prison, during that year, housed clothing and lumber manufacturing facilities. In 1951 white female prisoners were moved from the Arkansas State Farm for Women to Cummins.
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During the day, the prison barracks were empty since most prisoners worked on the fields. At night, the two free world employees patrolled the central corridor but did not venture into the barrack units. The trustees, armed with knives, kept the order at night. Some inmates, referred to as "crawlers"
348:
In 1902 the State of
Arkansas purchased about 10,000 acres (4,000 ha) of land for $ 140,000 ($ 4,930,000 when adjusted for inflation) to build the Cummins Unit. The prison was established during that year, and prisoners began occupying the site in December. The prison occupied the former Cummins
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In the past, each prisoner worked for 10 hours per day, six days per week in the fields. Prisoners were only excused if the outside temperature was below freezing. Some prisoners who were sent to the fields lacked shoes. Prisoners did not have fixed quotas. Instead they were told to do as much work
439:. According to correctional staff, the administration initially did not wish for correctional staff to wear masks to avoid frightening prisoners. As of April 25, 2020, 33 correctional employees and 800 prisoners had COVID-19. As of 15 June 2020 11 Cummins prisoners had died from COVID-19.
589:
Trustee prisoners had authority over other prisoners. At night, all except for two of the free world prison guards left, so trustees kept the order during the night. Prisoners who were not trustees were sub-ranked as "do-pops" and "rankers". In past eras, trustee prisoners were responsible for the
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in prison. Jackson had become friends with the assistant warden of Ramsey prison farm at the time, T. Don Hutto. When Hutto became
Arkansas commissioner of corrections in 1971, their friendship provided Jackson with access to prisoners resulting in numerous publications. In 2010, Jackson's photo
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Trustees were allowed to leave and re-enter the prison without undergoing searches, so trustees smuggled in alcohol, illegal drugs, and weapons; they then sold those items within the prison. Trustees usually bought these items from one another, since they had large amounts of money. Non-trustees,
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guard rank and file inmates and trusties perform other tasks usually and more properly performed by civilian or "free world" personnel. Second, convicts not in isolation are confined when not working, and are required to sleep at night in open dormitory type barracks in which rows of beds are
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including "do-pops" and "rankers", had to pay trustees in order to get food, medicine, access to medical staff, access to outsiders, and protection from arbitrary prison punishments. Therefore non-trustees did not have large reserves of money.
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alleged that three human skeletons found on the farm were the remains of inmates who had been subjected to torture, prompting a publicized investigation which found "a prison hospital served as torture chamber and a doctor as chief tormentor."
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A tornado affected the
Cummins Unit facility in May 2011. It damaged the dairy facility, the chicken and swine houses, and the employee housing in the Free Line area. The tornado destroyed the prison's three green houses. It also turned over a
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Prisoners did not receive payment for working in the fields. In order to buy items from the commissary, some prisoners worked there. Other prisoners sold their blood; a healthy prisoner was permitted to sell his blood once weekly.
558:
As of 2006, the
Cummins Unit has the largest farming operation in the Arkansas Department of Correction system. At Cummins, over 16,000 acres (6,500 ha) of land is devoted to production of crops and farm goods, including
367:
owned by Louis
Altheimer, a Republican Party leader who was Davis's friend. When the legislature instead purchased the land for Cummins, Davis put up political opposition, trying to force the state to cancel the purchase.
1078:
Arkansas maintains three penitentiary units: the Women's
Reformatory at Cummins near Gould; one near Tucker for white men, known as the Tucker Farm; and the other near Gould, for Negro men and women, known as the Cummins
1756:
In May 2011, a tornado hit the
Cummins Farm, devastating the employees' free line housing, dairy facility, swine and chicken houses; turning over a center pivot irrigation system; and completely destroying three green
502:" style structure serves as a housing unit for prisoners. The building had eight units. In the past, one was reserved for white trustees, one for black trustees, and others for other prisoners. The housing units were
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arranged side by side; there are large numbers of men in each barracks. Third, there is no meaningful program of rehabilitation whatever at
Cummins; while there is a promising and helpful program at
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876:
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In the past the main entrance to the prison was at the terminus of a road off of the main highway. The main gate consisted of a wooden structure behind a chicken wire fence, which had
2698:"Three Killers Executed in Arkansas : Punishment: The three had slain a businessman in 1981. Multiple execution is decried by some as 'slaughter' as others note its efficiency"
1808:
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Certain characteristics of the
Arkansas prison system serve to distinguish it from most other penal institutions in this country. First, it has very few paid employees; armed
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The prison includes the "Free Line", the prison residences for free world employees, including the warden, several prison officials, and their families; prisoners work as
340:. Cummins is one of the State of Arkansas's "parent units" for male prisoners; it serves as one of several units of initial assignment for processed male prisoners.
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manned the main entrance. In past eras, the prison housed a commissary and did not house educational facilities, prison factories, or medical and dental clinics.
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is a 16,500-acre (6,700 ha) correctional facility. The prison first opened in 1902 and has a capacity of 1,725 inmates. Cummins housed
Arkansas's male
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546:
The Cummins/Varner Volunteer Fire Department provides fire services to the Cummins Unit property. The station is inside the Cummins Unit property, along
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Cummins previously housed the Special Management Barracks, a unit for prisoners with counseling and mental health requirements. In 2008 it moved to the
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89:
409:
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412:. In 1978 a new execution chamber opened at Cummins Unit. In 1983 the Cummins Modular Unit opened. In 1986 death row inmates were moved to the
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993:
881:
715:, sentenced to death and executed on April 20, 2017, for the murder of Debra Reese. He was the first person executed in Arkansas in 12 years.
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at that time had already been found to have held inmates at the Cummins Unit under conditions rising to the level of unconstitutionally
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frequently occurred in the housing units. The prison did not ask trustees to intervene in case of rape, and guards rarely intervened.
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1999:
854:
571:
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1963:
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563:, hay, livestock, and vegetables. As of 2001 prisoners harvested corn, cotton, and rice from the fields and were supervised by
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332:. The State of Arkansas execution chamber is located in the Cummins Unit, adjacent to the location of the male death row, the
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725:, sentenced to death and executed on April 24, 2017. It was the first double execution in the United States since 2000.
456:
276:
2625:
2530:"Shockingly Candid Photos of Life on a 1970s Arkansas Prison Farm: 'Just about everyone carrying a gun was a convict'"
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1936:
997:
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2006:
728:
390:. In 1970 some prisoners asking for segregated housing started a riot, leading to an intervention by state police.
57:
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Kenneth Nicely, sentenced to life for the 1958 murder of a police officer and Arkansas longest-serving prisoner.
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in the Free Line. Children (dependents of correctional staff) living on the prison property are zoned to the
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The revelations included allegations of electrical devices connected to the genitalia of inmates. The
364:
655:, sentenced to death and executed on January 24, 1992, for the murder of Police Officer Robert Martin.
4002:
3575:
3195:
766:
700:
4328:
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Prisoners working the fields are part of the Hoe Squad, and prisoners who refuse work are taken to
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performed at a concert in Cummins Unit. He donated his own money so a chapel could be built there.
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217:
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121:
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1001:
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408:, were moved to the Cummins Unit. In 1976 female inmates were moved from the Cummins Unit to the
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2035:
550:. In fiscal year 2010 the Arkansas Department of Correction spent $ 81,691 on the fire station.
4102:
2111:
802:
679:, sentenced to death and executed on August 31, 1995, for the murder of Marjorie "Greta" Mason.
468:
252:
2842:
2476:"The Straight Line From Slavery to Private Prisons: How Texas Turned Plantations into Prisons"
649:, sentenced to death and executed on June 18, 1990, for the murder of Patrolman Randy Basnett.
463:, in cases tried by the US District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, among others.
4416:
4326:
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2400:
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1970:
1902:
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722:
688:
685:, sentenced to death and executed on April 12, 1999, for the murder of Bobbie Jean Robertson.
610:
522:
518:
514:
413:
383:
372:
314:
2036:"Arkansas Department of Education school district maps, 1952-1954 Lincoln County, 1952-1954"
421:
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2010:
1047:– via Cummins Prison Farm: Lesson Plan Cummins Prison Farm Lincoln County, Arkansas.
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8:
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1092:"Arkansas killer plans no more appeals: He is to die Wednesday in '84 death of trooper"
1035:
503:
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A white building is and has been referred to the past as the prison's "barracks". The "
2402:
Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons
2365:
Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons
2148:
1904:
Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons
1166:
Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons
709:, sentenced to death and executed on November 28, 2005, for the murder of Julie Heath.
703:, sentenced to death and executed on January 6, 2004, for the murder of Mary Lou York.
382:
On September 5, 1966, riots occurred at Cummins and 144 prisoners attempted a strike.
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2509:
2406:
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1974:
1908:
1812:
1519:
1482:
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907:
718:
673:, sentenced to death and executed on August 3, 1994, for the murder of Donald Lehman.
667:, sentenced to death and executed on August 3, 1994, for the murder of Donald Lehman.
661:, sentenced to death and executed on August 3, 1994, for the murder of Donald Lehman.
2963:
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1307:
808:
652:
306:
691:, sentenced to death and executed on May 2, 2000, for murders of her two children.
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4374:
4369:
4122:
3138:
Above facilities are male-only unless noted by ♀ (female only) or ♂♀ (both sexes)
847:
794:
774:
697:, sentenced to death and executed on May 8, 2001, for the murders of five people.
694:
302:
298:
2502:
American Prison: a Reporter's Undercover Journey into the Business of Punishment
1238:
3954:
3073:
2921:"Cummins Prison Farm: Lesson Plan Cummins Prison Farm Lincoln County, Arkansas"
1941:
1449:
1267:
1233:
1110:
and he was transferred to the death watch cell at the Cummins Unit near Varner.
658:
540:
533:
485:
It is located partially in Auburn Township, and partially in Choctaw Township.
416:. In 1991 the vocational technology program moved from the Cummins Unit to the
337:
290:
4536:
2000:"Arkansas School Districts and Education Cooperatives Effective July 1, 2010"
1739:. Arkansas Department of Correction. December 2012. p. 9. Archived from
564:
510:
294:
222:
104:
91:
1610:
1215:
Executions are carried out in the Cummins Unit, which is adjacent to Varner.
2578:
2479:
1424:
1184:
1073:
628:
499:
404:
was held at the Cummins Unit. In 1974 death row inmates, previously at the
243:
4343:
3342:
3100:
3095:
3060:
3034:
529:
473:
417:
405:
394:
333:
321:
263:
Topographic map of the Cummins Unit, U.S. Geological Survey, July 1, 1984
248:
2901:"Arkansas Department of Correction, Cummins Unit collection, 1900-1998"
2878:"Speakeasy: Bruce Jackson on how he became the dean of prison folklore"
1774:"As Health Care in Jails Goes Private, 10 Days Can Be a Death Sentence"
859:
712:
706:
586:
as possible. Prisoners deemed to be not doing enough work were beaten.
448:
131:
3934:
2768:"Wicked witness got federal protection to turn into 'mad-dog killer'"
560:
325:
171:
2815:"Executed mentally ill inmate heard voices until end - Jan. 6, 2004"
1061:
Facts, Figures, and Functions of Arkansas State and Local Government
4389:
3014:
2644:
760:
began taking photographs of prisoners in Texas for his research on
731:, serial killer, sentenced to death and executed on April 27, 2017.
595:
387:
205:
136:
2663:"Arkansas Carries Out Nation's First Triple Execution in 32 Years"
259:
2144:
1809:
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas
1028:"Inmates recall prison life before reforms at harsh Cummins Unit"
2059:
General Highway and Transportation Map: Lincoln County: Arkansas
2268:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 36. Archived from
1703:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 27. Archived from
1671:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 26. Archived from
1639:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 25. Archived from
1584:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 25. Archived from
1552:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 24. Archived from
1370:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 23. Archived from
1338:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 14. Archived from
350:
279:
2236:. Arkansas Department of Correction. p. 8. Archived from
2434:"History and Description of the Arkansas Correctional School"
2121:. Arkansas Department of Correction. February 2005. p. 3
401:
197:
176:
2626:"Arkansas Justice: Racism, Torture, and a Botched Execution"
2467:
1508:
577:
Prisoners at Cummins attend the correctional school system.
349:
and Maple Grove plantations. Both had been used for growing
4361:
2493:
3175:
2522:
1474:
The Governors of Arkansas: Essays in Political Biography
488:
Cummins has about 16,500 acres (6,700 ha) of land.
424:, built with inmate labor, opened at the Cummins Unit.
1863:"2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Choctaw township, AR"
1628:
1626:
765:
collection from the Cummins Unit was exhibited at the
609:
Education in the Cummins Unit began in 1968, when the
4273:
3730:
Eastern Reception, Diagnostic and Correctional Center
1835:"2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Auburn township, AR"
1768:
745:
4553:
Buildings and structures in Lincoln County, Arkansas
1471:
Donovan, Timothy Paul; Gatewood, Willard B. (1995).
784:
2304:. Arkansas Department of Correction. Archived from
1730:"2012 Billy Max Moore Award Winner: David L. Allen"
1623:
1306:. Arkansas Department of Correction. Archived from
1266:. Arkansas Department of Correction. Archived from
18:
Unincorporated community in Arkansas, United States
3512:Georgia Diagnostic and Classification State Prison
2573:
2571:
2336:. Arkansas Department of Education. Archived from
2179:. Arkansas Department of Correction. pp. 3, 6
2112:"Third Electric Fence Installed With Inmate Labor"
2088:. Arkansas Department of Education. Archived from
1201:. State of Arkansas. June 13, 2008. Archived from
812:, 1974 court decision abolishing the trusty system
506:. There was a separate unit for female prisoners.
2640:"Hillary Clinton's forgotten death penalty shift"
328:until 1986, when it was transferred first to the
4534:
2608:"Arkansas Electrocutes Killer of Police Officer"
2086:"Consolidation/Annexations of LEA's (1983-2010)"
2078:
2678:
2676:
2568:
2452:
1470:
904:Killing Time: Life in the Arkansas Penitentiary
821:List of United States state correction agencies
2657:
2655:
2459:"Former Warden Knows of No Former Brutality".
2368:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 53–54.
1327:
1325:
1021:
1019:
517:. The prison property was formerly within the
4312:
4228:
4201:
4174:
4147:
4095:
4043:
3912:
3889:
3866:
3843:
3811:
3738:
3686:
3611:
3563:
3520:
3484:
3448:
3421:
3389:
3362:
3335:
3283:
3230:
3161:
2997:
2857:"Arkansas Prison Still Shackled to Dark Past"
2733:"In Arkansas, A Death Row Struggle And Doubt"
2718:"Arkansas Schedules Triple Execution Tonight"
2399:Feeley, Malcolm M.; Rubin, Edward L. (2000).
2362:Feeley, Malcolm M.; Rubin, Edward L. (2000).
1964:"Maintenance & Transportation Department"
1901:Feeley, Malcolm M.; Rubin, Edward L. (2000).
1163:Feeley, Malcolm M.; Rubin, Edward L. (2000).
2673:
1438:
1436:
1434:
988:
986:
984:
982:
816:List of law enforcement agencies in Arkansas
594:and "creepers", stabbed sleeping prisoners.
4393:Map of Arkansas highlighting Lincoln County
2652:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2361:
2287:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1357:
1322:
1162:
1131:. New London, Connecticut. January 20, 1916
1016:
893:Factor 8: The Arkansas Prison Blood Scandal
4319:
4305:
3402:Colorado Territorial Correctional Facility
3168:
3154:
3004:
2990:
2812:
2583:"Showcase: A Wide View of a Hellish World"
2405:. Cambridge University Press. p. 55.
2355:
1907:. Cambridge University Press. p. 54.
1612:Johnny Cash and the Forgotten Prison Blues
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
4019:State Correctional Institution – Rockview
3106:Randall L. Williams Correctional Facility
2168:
2166:
1956:
1935:Woodward, Colin Edward (March 22, 2018).
1431:
979:
572:Randall L. Williams Correctional Facility
336:. The female death row is located at the
313:, and 60 miles (97 km) southeast of
2869:
2389:
1934:
1883:
1772:; Plambeck, Joseph (February 27, 2005).
1226:
973:United States Department of the Interior
945:United States Department of the Interior
258:
242:
3311:Arizona State Prison Complex – Florence
3222:United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute
3204:United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute
1285:
1147:
1025:
435:In 2020 the prison was affected in the
4535:
4087:Riverbend Maximum Security Institution
3186:
3129:Northwest Arkansas Work Release Center
3126:Mississippi County Work Release Center
2875:
2577:
2463:. Camden, Arkansas. February 23, 1968.
2163:
1518:. US History Publishers. p. 277.
1057:
4300:
3149:
2985:
2966:. Arkansas Department of Corrections.
2684:"Arkansas schedules triple execution"
2499:
2473:
877:"Prison History and Events 2011-1838"
77:Location within the state of Arkansas
4568:Execution sites in the United States
4563:Women's prisons in the United States
4035:Broad River Correctional Institution
3176:Execution sites in the United States
3092:Texarkana Regional Correction Center
2956:- Arkansas Department of Corrections
2876:Kurutz, Steven (September 4, 2010).
2730:
2295:"ADC Acquires Jefferson County Jail"
1442:
1026:Melissa, Nelson (December 9, 2001).
951:
525:was merged into the Dumas district.
158:Auburn Township and Choctaw Township
3971:Southern Ohio Correctional Facility
3456:James T. Vaughn Correctional Center
3238:United States Disciplinary Barracks
2500:Bauer, Shane (September 18, 2018).
2174:"Annual Report Financial Year 2010"
1227:Haddigan, Michael (April 9, 1999).
964:Geographic Names Information System
936:Geographic Names Information System
923:
843:"The Law: The Shame of the Prisons"
13:
4388:
4327:Municipalities and communities of
3849:New Hampshire State Prison for Men
3548:Idaho Maximum Security Institution
3020:Arkansas Department of Corrections
2928:University of Arkansas Little Rock
2893:
2788:"Arkansas executes killer of five"
2218:State Highway 388, Grady, Ar 71644
1123:"Over 20 Convicts Flee State Farm"
1100:. Associated Press. April 18, 1995
906:. Cornell University Press, 1977.
746:Bruce Jackson's prison photography
635:
457:Arkansas State Penitentiary System
363:wanted the state to buy a farm in
277:Arkansas Department of Corrections
14:
4579:
4275:District and insular area prisons
3930:Green Haven Correctional Facility
3370:San Quentin Rehabilitation Center
3259:
2935:
2302:Financial Year 2008 Annual Report
2064:Arkansas State Highway Commission
998:Arkansas Department of Correction
309:, 28 miles (45 km) south of
4139:Utah State Correctional Facility
3013:
2948:
2147:. Lincoln County. Archived from
2007:Arkansas Department of Education
787:
769:in Buffalo, New York and at the
735:
580:
400:In 1972 Arkansas's first prison
63:
56:
40:
4543:1902 establishments in Arkansas
4182:Greensville Correctional Center
4071:South Dakota State Penitentiary
3429:Osborn Correctional Institution
2849:
2806:
2780:
2760:
2750:
2731:Duke, Lynne (January 9, 1994).
2724:
2710:
2690:
2632:
2618:
2600:
2426:
2323:
2255:
2223:
2207:United States Geological Survey
2191:
2133:
2104:
2050:
2028:
1992:
1928:
1855:
1827:
1793:
1762:
1722:
1690:
1658:
1603:
1571:
1539:
1502:
1464:
1389:
1253:
1220:
969:United States Geological Survey
941:United States Geological Survey
247:Aerial view of the Cummins and
237:GNIS for prison building: 82008
64:
4558:Capital punishment in Arkansas
3714:Mississippi State Penitentiary
3694:Metropolitan Transition Center
3571:Stateville Correctional Center
3492:Union Correctional Institution
1515:Arkansas: A Guide to the State
1443:Aviv, Rachel (June 15, 2020).
1261:"Guide for Family and Friends"
1229:"They Kill Women, Don't They?"
1199:"State Capitol Week in Review"
1191:
1115:
1084:
1051:
771:Center for Documentary Studies
480:
1:
4209:Washington State Penitentiary
3925:Clinton Correctional Facility
3639:Lansing Correctional Facility
2203:] Volunteer Fire Station"
1937:"The Arkansas prison scandal"
831:
590:prison's perimeter security.
553:
437:COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas
3920:Auburn Correctional Facility
3671:Louisiana State Penitentiary
3275:Holman Correctional Facility
2438:Arkansas Correctional School
2066:. Cummins State Convict Farm
1479:University of Arkansas Press
1304:"Prison History and Gallery"
640:
461:cruel and unusual punishment
330:Tucker Maximum Security Unit
293:region. It is located along
7:
4051:South Carolina Penitentiary
3987:Oklahoma State Penitentiary
3787:Nebraska State Penitentiary
3746:Missouri State Penitentiary
3655:Kentucky State Penitentiary
3397:Colorado State Penitentiary
3291:Kilby Correctional Facility
3051:East Arkansas Regional Unit
882:"Prisons: Hell in Arkansas"
867:"One Year of Prison Reform"
780:
777:in Durham, North Carolina.
762:African-American work songs
756:In the 1960s, ethnographer
420:. In 2000 Arkansas's first
377:Arkansas State Penitentiary
10:
4584:
4256:Wyoming State Penitentiary
4236:West Virginia Penitentiary
3895:Penitentiary of New Mexico
3751:Potosi Correctional Center
2954:Arkansas historical photos
2792:United Press International
1171:Cambridge University Press
826:List of U.S. state prisons
749:
616:
442:
343:
4508:
4435:
4400:
4386:
4360:
4341:
4285:
4272:
4268:
4248:
4221:
4194:
4167:
4131:
4115:
4079:
4063:
4027:
4011:
4003:Oregon State Penitentiary
3995:
3979:
3963:
3947:
3905:
3882:
3859:
3829:
3795:
3779:
3763:
3722:
3706:
3679:
3663:
3647:
3631:
3604:
3588:
3576:Tamms Correctional Center
3556:
3540:
3504:
3468:
3441:
3414:
3382:
3355:
3319:
3303:
3267:
3258:
3254:
3212:
3196:Federal Bureau of Prisons
3194:
3185:
3181:
3136:
3119:
3065:Hawkins Center for Women♀
3027:
2947:
2942:
2422:– via Google Books.
2385:– via Google Books.
2141:"Fire Department Ratings"
2040:Arkansas Digital Archives
1924:– via Google Books.
1535:– via Google Books.
1498:– via Google Books.
1405:The Southwestern Reporter
767:Albright-Knox Art Gallery
701:Charles Laverne Singleton
613:started a night program.
228:
216:
204:
187:
170:
162:
154:
142:
130:
120:
85:
51:
39:
30:
23:
4330:Lincoln County, Arkansas
2975:Encyclopedia of Arkansas
2506:Penguin Publishing Group
1619:. BBC. January 12, 2013.
1510:Federal Writers' Project
1445:"Punishment by Pandemic"
1064:. Hurley Co. p. 182
1058:Barnes, Royl S. (1957).
539:The Cummins Unit has an
422:lethal electrified fence
289:, United States, in the
287:Lincoln County, Arkansas
33:Unincorporated community
3872:New Jersey State Prison
3619:Iowa State Penitentiary
2909:Arkansas State Archives
2883:The Wall Street Journal
2044:Arkansas State Archives
1413:West Publishing Company
1399:Jobe et al. v. Urquhart
1097:The Dallas Morning News
855:"New Chapter in Horror"
752:Bruce Jackson (scholar)
521:. On July 1, 2004, the
430:center pivot irrigation
166:177 ft (54 m)
4394:
4103:Tennessee State Prison
2560:: CS1 maint: others (
1823:– via Max Pages.
1811:. 1970. Archived from
959:"Cummins State Prison"
478:
476:, it is still minimal.
386:ended the strike with
264:
256:
253:U.S. Geological Survey
4392:
3214:Department of Defense
3069:Maximum Security Unit
2474:Bauer, Shane (2018).
1971:Dumas School District
1634:"2006 Facts Brochure"
723:Marcel Wayne Williams
721:, serial killer, and
689:Christina Marie Riggs
611:Gould School District
523:Gould School District
519:Gould School District
515:Dumas School District
465:
414:Maximum Security Unit
384:Arkansas State Police
373:Junius Marion Futrell
262:
246:
189: • Summer (
105:34.05139°N 91.58389°W
4521:United States portal
3836:No execution chamber
3771:Montana State Prison
3596:Indiana State Prison
3528:Georgia State Prison
3476:Florida State Prison
3120:Work release centers
2911:. December 31, 1998.
2628:. November 12, 2017.
2263:"2006 Fact Brochure"
2231:"2006 Fact Brochure"
2092:on November 16, 2010
2046:. December 31, 1954.
2016:on November 16, 2010
1698:"2006 Fact Brochure"
1666:"2006 Fact Brochure"
1579:"2006 Fact Brochure"
1547:"2006 Fact Brochure"
1365:"2006 Fact Brochure"
1333:"2006 Fact Brochure"
683:Marion Albert Pruett
671:James William Holmes
665:Hoyt Franklin Clines
647:John Edward Swindler
548:Arkansas Highway 388
493:solitary confinement
358:Governor of Arkansas
4548:Prisons in Arkansas
3818:Nevada State Prison
3085:Ouachita River Unit
3047:Delta Regional Unit
3039:Boot Camp Program♂♀
2773:New York Daily News
2737:The Washington Post
2343:on October 11, 2011
2199:"Cummings [
1770:von Zielbauer, Paul
1746:on January 15, 2016
1141:Google News Archive
931:"Cummins, Arkansas"
888:. February 9, 1968.
863:. January 10, 1972.
851:. January 18, 1971.
677:Barry Lee Fairchild
567:mounted on horses.
504:racially segregated
271:(formerly known as
255:, February 28, 2001
110:34.05139; -91.58389
101: /
4395:
3188:Federal facilities
3080:North Central Unit
3056:Barbara Ester Unit
2865:. January 6, 2002.
2841:has generic name (
2667:The New York Times
2612:The New York Times
2587:The New York Times
1980:on August 15, 2011
1870:U.S. Census Bureau
1842:U.S. Census Bureau
1779:The New York Times
1273:on August 19, 2010
1036:Log Cabin Democrat
273:Cummins State Farm
265:
257:
4530:
4529:
4294:
4293:
4281:
4280:
4264:
4263:
4244:
4243:
4217:
4216:
4190:
4189:
4163:
4162:
4155:Utah State Prison
4111:
4110:
4059:
4058:
3943:
3942:
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3377:
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3299:
3298:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3143:
3142:
3111:Wrightsville Unit
2960:
2959:
2862:Los Angeles Times
2720:. August 3, 1994.
2706:. August 4, 1994.
2703:Los Angeles Times
2669:. August 5, 1994.
2648:. April 29, 2015.
2538:. Photography by
2412:978-0-521-77734-6
2375:978-0-521-77734-6
2331:"School/District"
2311:on April 29, 2009
2275:on August 6, 2009
2243:on August 6, 2009
1914:978-0-521-77734-6
1815:on March 16, 2008
1710:on August 6, 2009
1678:on August 6, 2009
1646:on August 6, 2009
1591:on August 6, 2009
1559:on August 6, 2009
1525:978-1-60354-004-9
1488:978-1-55728-331-3
1377:on August 6, 2009
1345:on August 6, 2009
1310:on March 10, 2011
1180:978-0-521-77734-6
719:Jack Harold Jones
629:Terrell Don Hutto
596:Male on male rape
371:In 1933 Governor
241:
240:
4575:
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4515:
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3809:
3808:
3803:Ely State Prison
3736:
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2813:Kevin Drew CNN.
2810:
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2622:
2616:
2615:
2614:. June 19, 1990.
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2581:(May 27, 2009).
2575:
2566:
2565:
2559:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2542:. August 9, 2017
2526:
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2195:
2189:
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2178:
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2160:
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2156:
2151:on June 23, 2007
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2054:
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2032:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2015:
2009:. Archived from
2004:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1973:. Archived from
1968:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1932:
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1283:
1282:
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1272:
1265:
1257:
1251:
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1248:
1246:
1237:. Archived from
1224:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1205:on June 23, 2010
1195:
1189:
1188:
1160:
1145:
1144:
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1107:
1105:
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1082:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1039:. pp. 40–46
1032:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1004:on July 26, 2010
1000:. Archived from
990:
977:
976:
955:
949:
948:
927:
809:Gates v. Collier
797:
792:
791:
790:
729:Kenneth Williams
653:Ricky Ray Rector
631:(beginning 1967)
623:Thomas G. Milner
365:Jefferson County
194:
116:
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111:
106:
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4514:Arkansas portal
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4143:
4127:
4123:Huntsville Unit
4107:
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3190:
3177:
3174:
3144:
3139:
3132:
3115:
3089:Pine Bluff Unit
3023:
3012:
3010:
2949:
2938:
2923:
2919:
2899:
2896:
2894:Further reading
2891:
2874:
2870:
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2837:
2828:
2827:
2820:
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2811:
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2781:
2776:. October 2016.
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2523:
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2508:. p. 368.
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2472:
2468:
2461:The Camden News
2458:
2457:
2453:
2443:
2441:
2440:. April 4, 2006
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2152:
2143:. Little Rock:
2139:
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2019:
2017:
2013:
2002:
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1993:
1983:
1981:
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1957:
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1617:The Documentary
1609:
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1481:. p. 125.
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1005:
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980:
957:
956:
952:
929:
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924:
834:
795:Arkansas portal
793:
788:
786:
783:
775:Duke University
754:
748:
738:
695:Clay King Smith
643:
638:
636:Notable inmates
619:
583:
556:
483:
445:
410:Pine Bluff Unit
346:
236:
212:
188:
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
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81:
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4402:Unincorporated
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4229:Chamber closed
4223:
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4205:
4203:
4202:Chamber closed
4196:
4192:
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4187:
4185:
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4178:
4176:
4175:Chamber closed
4169:
4165:
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4149:
4148:Chamber closed
4142:
4141:
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4125:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4112:
4109:
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4099:
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4096:Chamber closed
4090:
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4044:Chamber closed
4038:
4037:
4031:
4029:
4028:South Carolina
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3955:Central Prison
3951:
3949:
3948:North Carolina
3945:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3916:
3914:
3913:Chamber closed
3907:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3890:Chamber closed
3884:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3868:
3867:Chamber closed
3861:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3845:
3844:Chamber closed
3838:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3815:
3813:
3812:Chamber closed
3806:
3805:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3739:Chamber closed
3733:
3732:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3690:
3688:
3687:Chamber closed
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3612:Chamber closed
3606:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3564:Chamber closed
3558:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3521:Chamber closed
3515:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3485:Chamber closed
3479:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3449:Chamber closed
3443:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3422:Chamber closed
3416:
3412:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3393:
3391:
3390:Chamber closed
3384:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3363:Chamber closed
3357:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3336:Chamber closed
3330:
3329:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3284:Chamber closed
3278:
3277:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3231:Chamber closed
3225:
3224:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3150:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3134:
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3130:
3127:
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3121:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3074:McPherson Unit
3071:
3066:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3037:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3009:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2970:"Cummins Unit"
2967:
2958:
2957:
2945:
2944:
2943:External image
2937:
2936:External links
2934:
2933:
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2515:978-0735223585
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1942:Arkansas Times
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1803:Holt v. Sarver
1792:
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1657:
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1501:
1487:
1463:
1450:The New Yorker
1430:
1388:
1356:
1321:
1284:
1252:
1241:on May 8, 1999
1234:Arkansas Times
1219:
1190:
1179:
1173:. p. 53.
1146:
1114:
1083:
1050:
1015:
994:"Cummins Unit"
978:
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920:
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912:978-0801411014
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541:electric fence
534:trusty shooter
511:house servants
500:telephone-pole
482:
479:
444:
441:
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338:McPherson Unit
291:Arkansas Delta
284:unincorporated
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4310:
4308:
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4299:
4289:
4284:
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4257:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4222:West Virginia
4220:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4173:
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4166:
4156:
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3998:
3994:
3988:
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3873:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3850:
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3835:
3834:
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3830:New Hampshire
3828:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3794:
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3785:
3784:
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3273:
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3261:State prisons
3257:
3253:
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3028:State prisons
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2839:|author=
2832:
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2809:
2794:. May 9, 2001
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2579:Estrin, James
2574:
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2541:
2540:Bruce Jackson
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2347:September 23,
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2012:
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1995:
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1484:
1480:
1476:
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1419:September 23,
1414:
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932:
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917:
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913:
909:
905:
901:
900:Bruce Jackson
898:
895:
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868:
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861:
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841:
840:
836:
835:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
811:
810:
806:
804:
803:Trusty system
801:
800:
796:
785:
778:
776:
772:
768:
763:
759:
758:Bruce Jackson
753:
740:
739:
736:Non Death Row
730:
727:
724:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
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696:
693:
690:
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581:Prisoner life
578:
575:
573:
568:
566:
565:prison guards
562:
551:
549:
544:
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537:
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531:
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496:
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477:
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398:
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352:
341:
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335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:U.S. Route 65
292:
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285:
281:
278:
274:
270:
261:
254:
250:
245:
234:
231:
227:
224:
221:
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209:
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199:
196:
192:
186:
182:
181:Central (CST)
178:
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173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
138:
135:
133:
129:
126:United States
125:
123:
119:
114:
86:Coordinates:
84:
59:
50:
43:
38:
34:
29:
22:
16:
4349:
4274:
4064:South Dakota
4012:Pennsylvania
3327:Cummins Unit
3326:
3260:
3187:
3043:Cummins Unit
3042:
2973:
2964:Cummins Unit
2905:Finding Aids
2904:
2881:
2871:
2860:
2851:
2819:. Retrieved
2808:
2798:September 8,
2796:. Retrieved
2782:
2771:
2762:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2712:
2701:
2692:
2666:
2643:
2634:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2590:. Retrieved
2586:
2544:. Retrieved
2535:Mother Jones
2533:
2524:
2501:
2495:
2483:. Retrieved
2480:Literary Hub
2469:
2460:
2454:
2444:November 12,
2442:. Retrieved
2428:
2416:. Retrieved
2401:
2379:. Retrieved
2364:
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2338:the original
2325:
2313:. Retrieved
2306:the original
2301:
2289:
2277:. Retrieved
2270:the original
2257:
2245:. Retrieved
2238:the original
2225:
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