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connecting major urban centers and supporting both trade and personal travel, though rural areas often face less-developed infrastructure. Car ownership has been rising, particularly in urban areas, with about 200 vehicles per 1,000 people, making cars a key mode of commuting for many
Mexicans. Mexico's automotive sector is robust, housing major international manufacturers like General Motors, Volkswagen, and Nissan, and emerging interest in electric and hybrid vehicles is supported by government incentives. Car culture in Mexico often emphasizes practicality and affordability, with car shows and enthusiast clubs reflecting a growing passion for vehicles, especially among younger generations. However, traffic congestion in cities like Mexico City poses significant challenges, leading to ongoing efforts to improve public transportation and road conditions. Economic factors, including vehicle affordability and fuel costs, influence car ownership, while environmental concerns drive regulations and initiatives for cleaner technologies. The Mexican government continues to invest in infrastructure development and technological advancements, aiming to enhance connectivity, reduce congestion, and promote sustainable practices in personal transportation.
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34:
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1602:"Guadalupe Day" is regarded by many Mexicans as the most important religious holiday of their country. It honors the Virgin of Guadalupe, the patron saint of Mexico, and it is celebrated on December 12. In the last decade, all the celebrations happening from mid-December to the beginning of January have been linked together in what has been called the
1069:; most of the sites pertain to Mexico's architectural history. Mesoamerican architecture in Mexico is best known for its public, ceremonial, and urban monumental buildings and structures, several of which are the largest monuments in the world. Mesoamerican architecture is divided into three eras, Pre-Classic, Classic, and Post-Classic. Architect
1580:
flowers and colorful utensils. They also hold large parades, fireworks, dance competitions, and beauty pageant contests, all the while partying and buying refreshments in the marketplaces and public squares. In the smaller towns and villages, soccer, and boxing are also celebrated during the festivities.
1670:
is made from papier-mache. It is created to look like popular people, animals, or fictional characters. Once made it is painted with bright colors and filled with candy or small toys. It is then hung from the ceiling. The children are blindfolded and take turns hitting the piñata until it breaks open
1620:
and is when the figurines of the three wise men are added to the nativity scene. Traditionally in Mexico, as with many other Latin
American countries, Santa Claus does not hold the significance that he does in the United States. Rather, it is the three wise men who are the bearers of gifts, who leave
1579:
on
September 16, and other holidays are celebrated with festivals known as "Fiestas". Many Mexican cities, towns, and villages hold a yearly festival to commemorate their local patron saints. During these festivities, the people pray and burn candles to honor their saints in churches decorated with
1417:
The history of
Mexican cinema dates to the beginning of the 20th century when several enthusiasts of the new medium documented historical events – most particularly the Mexican Revolution. Mexican cinema began in the late 19th century with the introduction of film technology. The first Mexican film
1638:
elements. The holiday focuses on gatherings of family and friends to pray for and remember friends and family members who have died. An idea behind this day suggests the living must attend to the dead so that the dead will protect the living. The celebration occurs on
November 2 in connection with
540:
The culture of an individual
Mexican is influenced by familial ties, gender, religion, location, and social class, among other factors. Contemporary life in the cities of Mexico has become similar to that in the neighboring United States and in Europe, with provincial people conserving traditions
2697:—are not only successful in domestic competitions but also have significant followings due to their storied histories and contributions to Mexican football. The sport has produced a number of internationally renowned players who have excelled both in domestic leagues and on the global stage.
706:
traditions, mostly derived from the indigenous and
Spanish crafts. Pre-Columbian art thrived over a wide timescale, from 1800 BC to AD 1500. Certain artistic characteristics were repeated throughout the region, namely a preference for angular, linear patterns, and three-dimensional ceramics.
2817:
In Mexico, personal transportation is predominantly centered around automobiles, with the country's infrastructure and car culture reflecting its unique economic, social, and geographical context. Mexico features an extensive road network of approximately 250,000 kilometers (155,000 miles),
442:. During the 300-year rule by the Spanish, Mexico was a crossroads for the people and cultures of Europe and America, with minor influences from West Africa and parts of Asia. Starting in the late 19th century, the government of independent Mexico has actively promoted cultural fusion (
2330:
and the marimba contribute richly to the country's musical landscape, each representing distinct regional traditions and styles. Also in the early 20th century, Mariachi and
Ranchera began to gain prominence, evolving through the contributions of artists such as
718:
Following the conquest, the first artistic efforts were directed at evangelization and the related task of building churches. The
Spanish initially co-opted many indigenous stonemasons and sculptors to build churches, monuments and other religious art, such as
2299:. Iconic songs such as "Cielito Lindo," "La Adelita," "El Rey," "Jarabe Tapatío" (the Mexican Hat Dance), "La Llorona," "La Bamba," and "Las Mañanitas" are celebrated examples of traditional Mexican music. Other styles of traditional regional music in México:
710:
Notable handicrafts include clay pottery from the valley of Oaxaca and the village of Tonala. Colorfully embroidered cotton garments, cotton or wool shawls and outer garments, and colorful baskets and rugs are seen everywhere. Mexico is also known for its
2366:," commonly known as the "Mexican hat dance," being particularly significant in dance tradition. This traditional dance features a sequence of hopping steps and heel and toe-tapping movements performed by dancers dressed in vibrant regional costumes.
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1655:, marigolds, and the favorite foods and beverages of the departed, and visiting graves with these as gifts. The gifts presented turn the graveyard from a dull and sorrowful place to an intimate and hospitable environment to celebrate the dead.
2681:, as the most popular team sport in Mexico, is deeply ingrained in the nation's culture and identity. Each Mexican state typically supports its own local teams, fostering regional rivalries and a passionate fan base. The country's top clubs—
2078:
is the most common grain in
Mexican cuisine. According to food writer Karen Hursh Graber, the initial introduction of rice to Spain from North Africa in the 14th century led to the Spanish introduction of rice to Mexico at the port of
2094:, spicy vegetable and meat dishes are common. The cuisine of Southeastern Mexico has quite a bit of Caribbean influence, given its geographical location. Seafood is commonly prepared in the states that border the Pacific Ocean or the
621:
law imposed limitations on the church and sometimes codified state intrusion into church matters. The government does not provide any financial contributions to the church, and the church does not participate in public education.
1658:
In modern Mexico, particularly in the larger cities and in the North, local traditions are now being observed and intertwined with the greater North American Santa Claus tradition, as well as with other holidays such as
1013:
Some Spanish vocabulary in Mexico has roots in the country's indigenous languages, which are spoken by approximately 6% of the population. Some indigenous Mexican words have become common in other languages, such as the
816:
2740:
gained popularity among college students, reflecting the growing influence of American sports culture. Soccer remains the most popular college sport in Mexico, with competitive programs at universities such as the
2189:
Mexican music is deeply rooted in its indigenous heritage, reflecting the rich cultural history of the region. The original inhabitants of Mexico used a variety of traditional instruments, including drums like the
1176:
Functionalism, expressionism, and other schools left their imprint on a large number of works in which Mexican stylistic elements have been combined with European and American techniques, most notably the work of
3250:
2813:, known in Mexico as the "Vocho," is perhaps the most iconic classic car in the country. Its production in Mexico began in 1967, and it continued until 2003, making it a symbol of Mexican automotive culture.
2214:. Although ancient music persists in certain areas, much of contemporary Mexican music emerged during and after the Spanish colonial period. This era saw the incorporation of European instruments into
1374:
3590:
It is said to resemble the star of Bethlehem. The Mexicans call it the flower of the Holy Night, but usually it is called poinsettia after the man who introduced it to America, Dr Joel Poinsett.
940:
Contemporary Mexican literature not only captures the essence of Mexican culture but also resonates with universal themes, making it a significant contribution to world literature. Authors like
5004:
435:. Mexican culture is described as the 'child' of both western and native American civilizations. Other minor influences include those from other regions of Europe, Africa and also Asia.
1908:
1146:. This intervention, financed largely by France, was brief, but it began a period of French influence in architecture and culture. The style was emphasized during the presidency of
4824:
2420:'s songwriting was characterized by his deeply personal and emotive lyrics, blending traditional Mexican music with contemporary styles to create memorable and heartfelt songs.
2541:
festival in Mexico City is one of the largest and most influential music festivals in Latin America, drawing global attention and showcasing a diverse range of musical genres.
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in 1917, idealization of the indigenous and the traditional symbolized attempts to reach into the past and retrieve what had been lost in the race toward modernization.
1299:
874:
Mexican literature has its antecedents in the literature of the indigenous settlements of Mesoamerica and European literature. The most well known pre-Hispanic poet is
2732:
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Mexican colleges began integrating physical education into their curricula, initially focusing on individual sports such as
784:
3290:
3265:
2717:, a versatile defender, has had a distinguished career in both European and Mexican football. In addition to club football, the Mexican national team, known as "
672:, 0.05 percent; and other religions, 0.31 percent. Approximately 3.52 percent of respondents indicated no religion, and 0.86 percent did not specify a religion.
3105:
2770:
1900:
1264:
1203:. His work expresses a modernity that reinforces the government's desire to present a new image of Mexico as an industrialized country with a global presence.
4817:
4074:
2597:
734:, a new generation of Mexican artists led a vibrant national movement that incorporated political, historic and folk themes in their work. The painters
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is the name given to the period between 1935 and 1959, where the quality and economic success of the cinema of Mexico reached its peak. Directors like
4629:
2750:
665:
641:. According to the Government's 2000 census, approximately 87 percent of respondents identified themselves as at least nominally Roman Catholic.
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leading the charge. Mexico boasts the largest media industry in Latin America, producing influential artists who achieve prominence across the
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3610:
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Folk songs known as corridos have been a significant element of Mexican music since the early 20th century, narrating stories related to the
3080:
4238:
2742:
2362:, which was established in 1897 and has significantly influenced the genre. Folk dances are an integral part of Mexican culture, with the "
832:
800:
1663:, due to Americanization via film and television, creating an economy of gifting tradition that spans from Christmas Day until January 6.
727:. In the period from independence to the early 20th century, Mexican fine arts continued to be largely influenced by European traditions.
4925:
4496:
1509:) gained international acclaim, contributing to a resurgence in Mexican cinema's global influence. Other influential individuals include
414:
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dominated in early colonial Mexico. During the late 17th century to 1750, one of Mexico's most popular architectural styles was Mexican
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898:
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334:
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446:) and shared cultural traits in order to create a national identity. Despite this base layer of shared Mexican identity and wider
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Montoya Arias, Luis Omar; Díaz Güemez, Marco Aurelio (2017-09-12). "Etnografía de la música mexicana en Chile: Estudio de caso".
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and the many different indigenous cultures create more of a cultural mosaic, comparable to the heterogeneity of countries like
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is also popular in Mexico and are exported. There are international award-winning Mexican wineries that produce and export
1485:"). In the renaissance and New Wave of the 1960s-1970s. Present-day film makers from 1980s-Present, include directors like
1283:
1270:
633:
are 89% of the total, 47% percent of whom attend church services weekly. In absolute terms, Mexico has the world's second
4468:
4353:
2236:, known for works such as "Sensemayá," are prominent figures in Mexican classical music. Other notable composers include
77:
1907:
Mexican cuisine is known for its blending of Indigenous and European cultures. The cuisine was inscribed in 2010 on the
1502:
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4279:
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51:
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4888:
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117:
2651:, a tradition brought from Spain, is also popular. Mexico has the largest venue for bullfighting in the world - the
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84:
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1651:(November 2). Traditions connected with the holiday include building private altars honoring the deceased, using
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1000:-speaking country in the world. Although the overwhelming majority of Mexicans today speak Spanish, there is no
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4166:
2199:
55:
19:
2757:(UANL). Although American football is less prevalent, it is expanding, particularly within organizations like
2263:
The diversity of Mexican music genres highlights the complexity of Mexican culture. Traditional forms include
862:
66:
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4161:
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2358:, perform at diverse venues such as streets, festivals, and restaurants. The most renowned Mariachi group is
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became iconic figures in the Latin American music scene. The 1980s and 1990s saw the rise of new wave and
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2777:. Volleyball, track and field, swimming, and tennis are also prominent, with universities such as the
2059:, a smoked-dried jalapeño pepper, is also common in Mexican cuisine. Many Mexican dishes also contain
1621:
presents in or near the shoes of small children. Mexican families also commemorate the date by eating
1219:
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656:, with 1.71 percent of the population; other Protestant evangelical groups, 2.79 percent; members of
498:
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First inhabited more than 10,000 years ago, the cultures that developed in Mexico became one of the
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3081:"History of Korean Immigration to America, from 1903 to Present | Boston Korean Diaspora Project"
1986:. Popular beverages include water flavored with a variety of fruit juices, and cinnamon-flavored
1828:
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1613:
1139:
439:
44:
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3370:"Mexican muralists: the big three - Orozco, Rivera, Siqueiros. : Mexico Culture & Arts"
2749:(UDG). Basketball also has a significant presence, with strong teams from institutions like the
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The emergence of the "Nuevo Cine Mexicano" in the late 20th century introduced new talents like
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In the latter half of the 20th century, Mexican rock and pop music began to emerge. Bands like
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in the 1520s. This, Graber says, created one of the earliest instances of the world's greatest
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661:
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2721:," has a storied history in international competitions, including multiple appearances in the
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have incorporated Mexican folk tunes into their music. Mexican contemporary musicians include
2210:
to create music and accompany dances. These sounds were integral to ceremonial events such as
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2966:"Cultural exchanges between Mexico and the Philippines | Geo-Mexico, the geography of Mexico"
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3633:"Traditional Mexican cuisine - ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm"
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Other festivities include Día de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe ("Our Lady of Guadalupe Day"),
1138:
was installed as emperor of Mexico. His architectural legacy lies in the redesigning of the
1120:
878:. Modern Mexican literature is influenced by the concepts of the Spanish colonialization of
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2413:
2409:
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1715:
1563:
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1400:
1115:, focusing on Greek and Roman art and architecture. Notable Neoclassical works include the
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and the candy and small toys fall out. The children then gather the candy and small toys.
930:
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and Christmas all schools in Mexico, public and private, send their students on vacation.
510:
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2639:, which consists of a series of equestrian events. The national horse of Mexico, used in
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1200:
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1111:, founded in 1788, was the first major art academy in the Americas. The academy promoted
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2307:(Huasteca, northeastern regions, violin and two guitars known as quinta huapanguera and
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1772:. Christmas tradition where communities reenact Mary and Joseph's search for lodging.
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Baile Flor de Piña, a traditional dance evoking the delicate of pineapple blossoms
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1199:, the founder of TEN Arquitectos, has been awarded several honors for his work in
1182:
750:. Their grand murals often displayed on public buildings, promoted social ideals.
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3406:"Learn Spanish in Mexico - Spanish Courses in Mexico - Spanish Schools in Mexico"
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2295:. These genres have gained international recognition, with notable popularity in
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3532:"Day of the Dead is not "Mexican Halloween"—it's a day where death is reclaimed"
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official language at the federal level. The government recognizes 62 indigenous
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2326:, romance, political themes, and other aspects of Mexican life. Additionally,
1689:" of "Viva México" at the commencement of Independence Day festivities in 2023
1531:. Mexican cinema today spans various genres, including comedy (e.g., films by
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1987:
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Other religious groups for which the 2000 census provided estimates included
618:
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388:
2510:. Traditional Mexican music is still alive in the voices of artists such as
2479:
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1540:
4682:
4483:
4079:
2907:
2648:
2523:
2475:
2417:
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2211:
2028:
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2017:
1944:
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1443:
953:
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525:, unify the nation in fervent support, alongside the enduring influence of
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2400:, recognized for his influential rancheras. Other notable composers are
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Vegan Mexico: Soul-Satisfying Regional Recipes from Tamales to Tostadas
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3106:"The Untold History of Afro-Mexicans, Mexico's Forgotten Ethnic Group"
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to the country, which became the main religion of Mexico. Mexico is a
3972:
3655:"Mexico Wine Routes & Regions - Vineyards & Wineries of Baja"
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Mariachi bands, characterized by their ensemble of singers, violins,
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2149:
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2027:
The most important and frequently used spices in Mexican cuisine are
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Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
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3193:"The Mexican Catholic Church and Constitutional Change since 1929"
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and will be first country to host the FIFA World Cup three times.
1809:
1797:, painted between 1857 y 1859, oleo sobre tela (oil on canvas) by
1409:
Singer and actor Pedro Infante, one of the leading figures of the
477:. Cuisine delights with its fusion of indigenous ingredients like
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in Mexico City which seats 48,000 people. The country hosted the
2355:
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2013:
1995:
1956:
1940:
1893:
1860:
1790:
1101:
1027:
1023:
1002:
758:
produced more personal works with abstract elements. Mexican art
724:
3153:
Mexico - Daily life and social customs - Encyclopedia Britannica
2440:
3947:
2928:
2918:
2718:
2448:
2351:
2276:
2127:
2109:
2064:
2009:
2005:
1983:
1979:
1936:
1932:
1912:
1896:
1889:
1450:") were prominent figures. An era when renowned actors such as
1019:
646:
638:
583:
534:
4832:
3676:"Which Herbs and Spices Are Commonly Used in Mexican Cooking?"
2454:
Traditional Mexican music has influenced the evolution of the
521:
contributing to a global literary canon. Sports, particularly
3261:
2923:
2758:
2725:
and successful campaigns in regional tournaments such as the
2619:
2207:
2203:
2195:
2141:
2098:, the latter having a famous reputation for its fish dishes,
2071:
2060:
2032:
1975:
1916:
1834:
1251:
486:
478:
459:
455:
2122:
of Mexico's east coast. Vanilla is used in Mexico to flavor
1599:("New Year's Day", celebrated on December 31 to January 1).
1587:("The Shelters", celebrated on December 16 to December 24),
601:
made during "The night no one sleeps" in Huamantla, Tlaxcala
2762:
2075:
1991:
1963:
1920:
1915:. Traditionally, the main Mexican ingredients consisted of
1885:
1255:
1206:
Other notable and emerging contemporary architects include
1074:
669:
587:
569:
3358:
Mexican Folk Art - Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology
2788:
2736:. Over time, especially from the mid-20th century onward,
822:
La leyenda de los volcanes (The legend of the volcanoes).
2112:. It remains an important ingredient in Mexican cookery.
1368:
Palacio de Bellas Artes (Palace of Fine Arts). 1904–1934.
3865:
Sports and recreation - Mexico - Encyclopedia Britannica
3768:
1724:
marking the start of what became the Mexican Revolution.
660:, 1.25 percent; "Historical" Protestants, 0.71 percent;
3790:"Geografía y literatura. Una aproximación metodológica"
1740:, a native plant from Mexico, has been associated with
3771:
Revista Electrónica de Divulgación de la Investigación
3057:"Al Pastor and the Lebanese Influence on Mexican food"
2771:
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
2380:, Guanajuato, attracts visitors from around the world.
2291:
originating from Colombia but embraced in Mexico, and
513:
express cultural diversity and pride. Luminaries like
2118:
originated in Mexico. It was first cultivated by the
1061:
With thirty-four sites, Mexico has more sites on the
3756:"A Nice Cup of Tea: Searching for Camellia Sinensis"
3530:
Franco, Gina; Poore, Christopher (1 November 2017).
3525:
3523:
2412:, who contributed to Mexican music and cinema; and
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3233:"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"
2623:Matches between Club América and Cruz Azul at the
2260:, a key figure in modern Mexican symphonic music.
2222:, used in Mariachi ensembles, evolving from their
3833:Media industry in Mexico - statistics & facts
3520:
3506:"Dia de Reyes, the story of Los Tres Reyes Magos"
2416:, esteemed for his classical and operatic works.
2232:, renowned for his composition "Estrellita," and
2136:is known for its traditional herbal teas such as
1458:appeared on the silver screen. Actresses such as
882:. Outstanding colonial writers and poets include
576:("Dice Cup Hill"). At the top of the hill is the
427:Mexico's culture emerged from the culture of the
5121:
2067:, which are also some of Mexico's staple foods.
1748:; in that country it is known in Spanish as the
1466:became icons of Mexican cinema during this era.
3428:
3426:
3326:. Archived from the original on August 18, 2000
2462:genre. Some well-known Mexican pop singers are
2004:. Alcoholic beverages native to Mexico include
666:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
3787:
3603:"The Legends and Traditions of Holiday Plants"
3297:. University of Michigan. 1997. Archived from
2181:known for his orchestral works, particularly "
1238:Ancient city of Teotihuacán (200 BC - 800 AD).
980:Distribution of linguistic groups around 1500.
4818:
3932:
3762:
2218:, with some traditional instruments like the
1595:("Christmas", celebrated on December 25) and
1305:Casa del alfeñique (House of the alfeñique),
1018:. For instance, the words tomato, chocolate,
605:The Spanish arrival and colonization brought
408:
3907:Core Concepts—Mexican Culture—Cultural Atlas
3567:
3423:
2915:, celebration of a girl's fifteenth birthday
2709:is known for his impressive performances in
2635:The traditional national sport of Mexico is
2256:, Pablo Moncayo, famous for "Huapango," and
2226:counterparts into distinctly Mexican forms.
645:is a national holiday and every year during
5111:Semi-autonomous territories are in italics.
4469:North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
3794:Estudios de Humaninades y Ciencias Sociales
3529:
3258:Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2000
3061:Beach, Village & Urban Living in Oaxaca
2108:originated in Mexico and was prized by the
1591:("Holy Night", celebrated on December 24),
1422:" (1898) by Salvador Toscano Barragán. The
968:, and the complexities of Mexican society.
790:La huida a Egipto (The Flight into Egypt).
778:Murals of Bonampak (between 580 and 800 AD)
723:. The prevailing style during this era was
4834:Culture of Latin America and the Caribbean
4825:
4811:
3939:
3925:
3811:mariachi | music - Encyclopedia Britannica
3169:
2701:is celebrated for his prolific scoring in
2319:, Jarana (most of the Yucatán peninsula).
2090:In southeastern Mexico, especially in the
497:celebrate indigenous traditions alongside
415:
401:
3822:As well as an art, music is a way of life
3243:
3015:
1998:using a traditional wooden tool called a
533:and a deep-rooted sense of community and
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
3573:
2804:
2785:(UDG) maintaining competitive programs.
2751:Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México
2618:
2368:
2173:
1880:
1789:
1744:carrying the Christian symbolism of the
1634:incorporates pre-Columbian beliefs with
1562:
1404:
1381:National Autonomous University of Mexico
1049:
975:
861:
691:
593:
568:
3902:Mexican culture: Customs and traditions
3845:""Mexican Charrería", a national sport"
3472:
3295:Study of worldwide rates of religiosity
3103:
2789:Automobile Dominance and Infrastructure
2743:Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
2384:Popular Mexican song composers include
5122:
3625:
3557:"The mysterious origins of the piñata"
3434:"Mexico - General country information"
3408:. Spanish-Language.com. Archived from
1994:or water and blended until it becomes
1612:on the evening of January 5 marks the
625:In 2010, 95.6% of the population were
485:, showcased in beloved dishes such as
4806:
3920:
3879:Journeys to the United Mexican States
3875:
3613:from the original on January 22, 2016
3190:
3130:"Mexico's Lasting European Influence"
2989:
2779:Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
1523:and directors of photography such as
3180:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2940:Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys
1959:and various herbs native to Mexico.
1546:
1123:, both by Spanish Mexican architect
762:was largely fostered by the work of
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
3946:
3054:
2248:, celebrated for "Sobre las olas,"
1065:list than any other country in the
13:
3320:"The Largest Catholic Communities"
3211:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1997.tb01388.x
2755:Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
2587:, a ritual dance performed by the
2408:, known for his poignant ballads;
2392:, celebrated for the iconic song "
2388:, known for his romantic boleros;
2159:
149:
14:
5141:
4090:Institutional Revolutionary Party
3890:
3503:
3170:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
2478:. Mexican rock musicians such as
1271:Church of Santo Domingo de Guzmán
1119:, a world heritage site, and the
899:José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi
501:rituals, while music genres like
4946:
4926:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3163:
2596:
2577:
2558:
2546:
1859:
1827:
1808:
1757:
1729:
1714:
1694:
1685:President of Mexico giving the "
1678:
1373:
1361:
1345:
1329:
1314:
1298:
1282:
1263:
1243:
1231:
1073:is reputed to have declared the
831:
815:
799:
783:
771:
382:
32:
3869:
3858:
3837:
3826:
3815:
3804:
3781:
3748:
3724:
3710:
3696:
3682:
3668:
3647:
3595:
3549:
3497:
3451:
3398:
3380:
3362:
3351:
3312:
3283:
3225:
2992:"Oriental Influences in Mexico"
2888:Mexican handcrafts and folk art
1033:
43:needs additional citations for
3912:Interesting Facts About Mexico
3876:Dubov, Kalman (22 June 2022).
3788:Domic Kuscevic, Lenka (2000).
3436:. MoveOnNet.eu. Archived from
3184:
3157:
3146:
3122:
3104:Cocking, Lauren (2017-07-19).
3097:
3073:
3048:
2983:
2958:
2761:, involving universities like
2435:, with influential groups lik
1187:Luis Barragán House and Studio
1130:From 1864 to 1867, during the
893:Other notable writers include
20:Museo Nacional de las Culturas
1:
4010:Centralist Republic of Mexico
3459:"Amerindian Words in English"
3191:Reich, Peter L. (Fall 1997).
3017:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t2g745p90
2951:
2795:Automotive industry in Mexico
2126:and Mexican desserts such as
1567:Fireworks in Mexico City for
847:
746:were the main propagators of
433:indigenous cultures of Mexico
4439:Institutional stock exchange
4075:Second American intervention
3882:. Kalman Dubov. p. 188.
3008:10.1525/aa.1900.2.1.02a00060
2553:Northern Dance in Nuevo León
2311:), Tambora (Sinaloa, mainly
1820:, a popular dish from Mexico
1736:Since the 16th century, the
1424:Golden Age of Mexican cinema
1411:Golden Age of Mexican Cinema
996:Mexico is the most populous
806:Exconvento (Ex-convent), by
565:Child Jesus images in Mexico
7:
4640:Water supply and sanitation
4005:Spanish reconquest attempts
3897:Mexico: History and Culture
3737:National Geographic Society
2821:
2801:Volkswagen Beetle in Mexico
2775:Borregos Salvajes Monterrey
1503:Alejandro González Iñárritu
1077:-style architecture of the
971:
635:largest number of Catholics
544:
469:to the intricate murals of
10:
5146:
4040:Second French intervention
3988:Control of Central America
3574:Hewitson, Carolyn (2013).
2903:National symbols of Mexico
2798:
2792:
2783:Universidad de Guadalajara
2747:Universidad de Guadalajara
2612:
2404:, famous for his boleros;
2163:
1783:
1779:
1556:
1550:
1398:
1392:
1043:
1037:
989:
983:
960:delve into themes such as
870:, Baroque poet and writer.
851:
713:pre-Columbian architecture
697:Plaza de las Tres Culturas
685:
679:
554:
548:
24:National symbols of Mexico
17:
5101:
5021:
5003:
4955:
4944:
4840:
4764:
4653:
4548:
4539:
4397:
4388:
4275:
4266:
4239:Tropical cyclone rainfall
4137:
4128:
3958:
3343:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2872:List of museums in Mexico
2867:Ghosts in Mexican culture
1575:Mexicans celebrate their
1553:Public holidays in Mexico
1388:
1185:. His personal home, the
1154:. Notable works from the
1046:Mesoamerican architecture
903:Ignacio Manuel Altamirano
888:Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
868:Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
838:Liberación (Liberation).
541:more than city dwellers.
509:and regional dances like
5108:
4280:Administrative divisions
3732:"The History of Vanilla"
2608:
1750:Flower of the Holy Night
1604:Guadalupe-Reyes Marathon
1475:El Castillo de la Pureza
1440:Vámonos con Pancho Villa
702:Mexico is known for its
529:and iconic figures like
4695:Handcrafts and folk art
4464:National stock exchange
4202:Protected natural areas
4030:Second Mexican Republic
3995:Supreme Executive Power
3055:Eye, The (2020-07-29).
2996:American Anthropologist
2297:countries such as Chile
2206:as trumpets, and their
1962:Popular dishes include
1899:. In 2010 declared the
1869:is considered Mexico's
1764:piñatas are use during
1577:Independence from Spain
1220:Bernardo Gómez-Pimienta
1150:, who was a pronounced
1140:Castillo de Chapultepec
1104:decorative influences.
1010:as national languages.
840:Jorge González Camarena
675:
440:cradles of civilization
4507:States by unemployment
4497:Science and technology
4000:First Mexican Republic
3718:"History of Chocolate"
3264:. 2000. Archived from
2990:Hough, Walter (1900).
2898:Narcoculture in Mexico
2814:
2632:
2585:Danza de los Voladores
2381:
2252:with his "Sonido 13,"
2186:
1904:
1801:
1572:
1414:
1250:Ancient Mayan city of
1058:
1040:Architecture of Mexico
981:
871:
699:
662:Seventh-day Adventists
602:
591:
448:Latin American culture
154:
4916:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4735:Our Lady of Guadalupe
4229:Territorial evolution
4045:Second Mexican Empire
3744:on February 27, 2021.
3177:Catholic Encyclopedia
2831:, folk art sculptures
2808:
2683:Chivas de Guadalajara
2622:
2372:
2177:
1884:
1793:
1566:
1537:Tigers Are Not Afraid
1418:is considered to be "
1408:
1132:Second Mexican Empire
1109:Academy of San Carlos
1063:UNESCO World Heritage
1053:
979:
866:Portrait and book by
865:
695:
688:Visual arts of Mexico
597:
572:
561:Our Lady of Guadalupe
475:Our Lady of Guadalupe
465:From the pyramids of
450:, the big and varied
313:Mesoamerican ballgame
153:
4752:World Heritage Sites
4167:Environmental issues
4025:Mexican–American War
3983:First Mexican Empire
3480:"Betraying the Maya"
3388:"Western Literature"
3239:. 12 September 2022.
3134:www.banderasnews.com
2657:Summer Olympic Games
2427:and artists such as
2414:Alfonso Ortiz Tirado
2398:José Alfredo Jiménez
2374:José Alfredo Jiménez
2360:Vargas de Tecalitlán
2170:Folk dance of Mexico
1401:Television in Mexico
1008:Amerindian languages
884:Juan Ruiz de Alarcón
764:Manuel Álvarez Bravo
740:José Clemente Orozco
615:Constitution of 1917
431:and the preexisting
371:World Heritage Sites
52:improve this article
4938:Trinidad and Tobago
4850:Antigua and Barbuda
4407:Automotive industry
4295:Chamber of Deputies
3978:War of Independence
3607:www.ipm.iastate.edu
3484:Archeology Magazine
3291:"Church attendance"
3271:on 15 December 2005
2893:Mexican tea culture
2862:Folktales of Mexico
2857:Festivals in Mexico
2671:, and the upcoming
2568:in the traditional
2520:Alejandro Fernández
2234:Silvestre Revueltas
2134:Mexican tea culture
1705:, given during the
1559:Christmas in Mexico
1436:Fernando de Fuentes
1201:modern architecture
1191:World Heritage Site
1164:network of railways
1144:Paseo de la Reforma
1090:New Spanish Baroque
1081:as the best in the
986:Languages of Mexico
658:Jehovah's Witnesses
557:Holy Week in Mexico
452:geography of Mexico
67:"Culture of Mexico"
4889:Dominican Republic
4608:Indigenous peoples
4512:Telecommunications
4371:State legislatures
4312:Federal government
4192:Metropolitan areas
4070:Mexican Revolution
3374:www.mexconnect.com
2935:Textiles of Mexico
2815:
2773:(Monterrey ITESM)
2633:
2496:Natalia Lafourcade
2390:Consuelo Velázquez
2382:
2324:Mexican Revolution
2187:
2179:José Pablo Moncayo
1905:
1903:Dessert of Mexico.
1802:
1573:
1535:), horror (e.g., "
1495:Guillermo del Toro
1415:
1216:Isaac Broid Zajman
1171:Mexican Revolution
1160:Palacio de Correos
1121:Palacio de Minería
1083:Western Hemisphere
1071:Frank Lloyd Wright
1059:
982:
929:("Pedro Páramo"),
925:("Los de abajo"),
917:(Nobel Laureate),
872:
854:Mexican literature
808:José María Velasco
732:Mexican Revolution
700:
603:
592:
574:Cerro del Cubilete
551:Religion in Mexico
495:Dia de los Muertos
155:
5130:Culture of Mexico
5117:
5116:
4800:
4799:
4760:
4759:
4535:
4534:
4384:
4383:
4354:Political parties
4317:Foreign relations
4262:
4261:
4050:Restored Republic
3968:Pre-Columbian era
3690:Me n Mine-English
2846:El Chavo del Ocho
2811:Volkswagen Beetle
2738:American football
2727:CONCACAF Gold Cup
2402:Armando Manzanero
2348:guitarra de golpe
2337:Vicente Fernández
2313:brass instruments
2092:Yucatán Peninsula
1746:Star of Bethlehem
1647:(November 1) and
1547:National holidays
1525:Guillermo Navarro
1521:Guillermo Arriaga
1491:Y Tu Mamá También
1448:Distinto Amanecer
1142:and creating the
1096:, which combined
966:historical memory
942:Elena Poniatowska
931:Juan José Arreola
607:Roman Catholicism
511:ballet folklórico
493:. Festivals like
473:and the image of
425:
424:
389:Mexico portal
143:Culture of Mexico
128:
127:
120:
102:
5137:
5109:
4950:
4827:
4820:
4813:
4804:
4803:
4780:
4773:
4720:National symbols
4546:
4545:
4487:
4432:Renewable energy
4422:Economic history
4395:
4394:
4273:
4272:
4135:
4134:
4115:Chiapas conflict
4015:Texas Revolution
3941:
3934:
3927:
3918:
3917:
3884:
3883:
3873:
3867:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3849:
3841:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3819:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3785:
3779:
3778:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3752:
3746:
3745:
3740:. Archived from
3728:
3722:
3721:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3536:America Magazine
3527:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3504:Botto, Ricardo.
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3430:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3366:
3360:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3270:
3255:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3019:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2962:
2883:Mexican ceramics
2713:and World Cups.
2711:European leagues
2695:Pumas de la UNAM
2659:in 1968 and the
2627:, known as the "
2600:
2581:
2562:
2550:
2488:Las Ultrasonicas
2100:à la veracruzana
1863:
1831:
1817:Chiles en nogada
1812:
1761:
1733:
1718:
1698:
1682:
1529:Emmanuel Lubezki
1519:), screenwriter
1432:Maria Candelaria
1428:Emilio Fernández
1420:Don Juan Tenorio
1395:Cinema of Mexico
1377:
1365:
1352:Quinta Gameros,
1349:
1336:Juárez Theater,
1333:
1322:Hospicio Cabañas
1318:
1302:
1286:
1267:
1247:
1235:
1117:Hospicio Cabañas
1016:English language
958:Fernanda Melchor
950:Valeria Luiselli
858:Comics in Mexico
835:
824:Saturnino Herrán
819:
803:
787:
775:
748:Mexican muralism
668:, 0.25 percent;
664:, 0.58 percent;
417:
410:
403:
387:
386:
385:
152:
130:
129:
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
60:
36:
28:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5107:
5097:
5017:
4999:
4957:Central America
4951:
4942:
4836:
4831:
4801:
4796:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4756:
4649:
4625:Public holidays
4598:Nationality law
4593:Life expectancy
4531:
4485:
4380:
4344:Law enforcement
4258:
4249:Water resources
4124:
4100:Mexican miracle
3954:
3945:
3893:
3888:
3887:
3874:
3870:
3863:
3859:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3831:
3827:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3805:
3786:
3782:
3767:
3763:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3692:. p. S-84.
3688:
3687:
3683:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3660:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3616:
3614:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3586:
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3521:
3511:
3509:
3508:. Mexonline.com
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2975:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2824:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2781:(UACJ) and the
2753:(ITAM) and the
2745:(UNAM) and the
2734:track and field
2707:Guillermo Ochoa
2617:
2615:Sport in Mexico
2611:
2604:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2573:
2563:
2554:
2551:
2532:Lorenzo Negrete
2500:Julieta Venegas
2433:rock en español
2410:Joaquín Pardavé
2406:Álvaro Carrillo
2378:Dolores Hidalgo
2246:Juventino Rosas
2230:Manuel M. Ponce
2220:Mexican vihuela
2172:
2166:Music of Mexico
2164:Main articles:
2162:
2160:Music and dance
2085:Fusion cuisines
1879:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1864:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1832:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1799:Agustín Arrieta
1788:
1786:Mexican cuisine
1782:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1710:
1707:Day of the Dead
1701:Skulls made of
1699:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1645:All Saints' Day
1632:Day of the Dead
1561:
1555:
1549:
1511:Carlos Reygadas
1499:Pan's Labyrinth
1471:Arturo Ripstein
1460:Dolores del Río
1403:
1397:
1391:
1384:
1378:
1369:
1366:
1357:
1350:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1319:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1268:
1259:
1254:, exuberant in
1248:
1239:
1236:
1208:Mario Schjetnan
1094:Churrigueresque
1048:
1042:
1036:
994:
992:Mexican Spanish
988:
974:
876:Netzahualcoyotl
860:
852:Main articles:
850:
843:
836:
827:
820:
811:
804:
795:
788:
779:
776:
744:David Siqueiros
690:
684:
678:
631:Roman Catholics
567:
553:
547:
421:
383:
381:
150:
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
26:
12:
11:
5:
5143:
5133:
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5115:
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5043:
5038:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5009:
5007:
5005:Middle America
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4961:
4959:
4953:
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4945:
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4918:
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4906:
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4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4852:
4846:
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4822:
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4774:
4766:
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4758:
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4707:
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4697:
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4685:
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4670:
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4659:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4616:
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4610:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4549:
4543:
4537:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4527:Water scarcity
4524:
4522:Transportation
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4481:
4479:Pension system
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
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4434:
4424:
4419:
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4351:
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4341:
4336:
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4329:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4282:
4276:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4217:Municipalities
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4172:Extreme points
4169:
4164:
4159:
4156:Climate change
4149:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3944:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3892:
3891:External links
3889:
3886:
3885:
3868:
3857:
3836:
3825:
3814:
3803:
3796:(in Spanish).
3780:
3773:(in Spanish).
3761:
3747:
3723:
3709:
3695:
3681:
3667:
3646:
3624:
3594:
3584:
3566:
3548:
3519:
3496:
3471:
3450:
3422:
3397:
3392:britannica.com
3379:
3376:. 2 June 2020.
3361:
3350:
3311:
3282:
3242:
3224:
3183:
3156:
3145:
3121:
3096:
3072:
3047:
2982:
2970:geo-mexico.com
2956:
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2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
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2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2852:Flag of Mexico
2849:
2843:
2837:
2832:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2793:Main article:
2790:
2787:
2723:FIFA World Cup
2715:Rafael Márquez
2661:FIFA World Cup
2625:Estadio Azteca
2613:Main article:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2595:
2593:
2583:
2576:
2574:
2566:Jarabe Tapatío
2564:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2545:
2528:Lupita Infante
2492:Panteón Rococó
2364:Jarabe Tapatío
2275:(North style,
2250:Mario Carrillo
2242:Ricardo Castro
2161:
2158:
2146:orange blossom
2096:Gulf of Mexico
1990:prepared with
1872:plato nacional
1865:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1833:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1814:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1784:Main article:
1781:
1778:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1722:Revolution Day
1720:
1713:
1712:
1700:
1693:
1692:
1684:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1649:All Souls' Day
1624:Rosca de reyes
1569:New Year's Day
1551:Main article:
1548:
1545:
1543:), and drama.
1533:Eugenio Derbez
1487:Alfonso Cuarón
1393:Main article:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1379:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1360:
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1288:
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1279:
1269:
1262:
1260:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1230:
1224:Alberto Kalach
1212:Michel Rojkind
1197:Enrique Norten
1179:Pritzker Prize
1038:Main article:
1035:
1032:
984:Main article:
973:
970:
964:, inequality,
923:Mariano Azuela
911:Carlos Fuentes
907:Maruxa Vilalta
849:
846:
845:
844:
837:
830:
828:
821:
814:
812:
805:
798:
796:
794:, around 1700.
792:Miguel Cabrera
789:
782:
780:
777:
770:
680:Main article:
677:
674:
599:Sawdust carpet
549:Main article:
546:
543:
519:Carlos Fuentes
429:Spanish Empire
423:
422:
420:
419:
412:
405:
397:
394:
393:
392:
391:
376:
375:
374:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
345:
344:
340:
339:
338:
337:
332:
331:
330:
325:
320:
315:
305:
304:
303:
293:
288:
283:
282:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
213:
212:
208:
207:
206:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
162:
161:
157:
156:
146:
145:
139:
138:
126:
125:
40:
38:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5142:
5131:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5112:
5106:not included.
5105:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5062:French Guiana
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5023:South America
5020:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4828:
4823:
4821:
4816:
4814:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4763:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4630:States by HDI
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4502:States by GDP
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4459:Manufacturing
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4377:
4376:Supreme Court
4374:
4372:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3942:
3937:
3935:
3930:
3928:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3866:
3861:
3853:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3829:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3807:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3784:
3776:
3772:
3765:
3757:
3751:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3719:
3713:
3705:
3699:
3691:
3685:
3677:
3671:
3656:
3650:
3634:
3628:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3591:
3587:
3585:9781135057060
3581:
3578:. Routledge.
3577:
3570:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3537:
3533:
3526:
3524:
3512:September 26,
3507:
3500:
3485:
3481:
3475:
3461:. Zompist.com
3460:
3454:
3440:on 2009-04-02
3439:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3412:on 2010-09-17
3411:
3407:
3401:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3359:
3354:
3346:
3340:
3325:
3324:Adherents.com
3321:
3315:
3301:on 2006-09-01
3300:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3252:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3198:The Historian
3194:
3187:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3160:
3154:
3149:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3086:
3082:
3076:
3062:
3058:
3051:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3009:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2986:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2957:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:China Poblana
2833:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2630:
2629:Clásico Joven
2626:
2621:
2616:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2570:China Poblana
2567:
2561:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2508:Carlos Rivera
2505:
2504:Leonel García
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2468:Paulina Rubio
2465:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:Pedro Infante
2329:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2258:Carlos Chávez
2255:
2254:Julio Salazar
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2238:Luis G. Jordá
2235:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2216:Mexican music
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1988:hot chocolate
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1945:chili peppers
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1819:
1818:
1811:
1800:
1796:
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1787:
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1760:
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1747:
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1656:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1614:Twelfth Night
1611:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1516:Stellet Licht
1512:
1508:
1507:Amores Perros
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1479:Felipe Cazals
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:Pedro Infante
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1382:
1376:
1371:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1312:
1309:. Late 1700s.
1308:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1289:Cathedral of
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1183:Luis Barragán
1180:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1148:Porfirio Diaz
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:Neoclassicism
1110:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1052:
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1041:
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1021:
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1004:
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993:
987:
978:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
895:Alfonso Reyes
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
869:
864:
859:
855:
841:
834:
829:
825:
818:
813:
809:
802:
797:
793:
786:
781:
774:
769:
768:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
752:Rufino Tamayo
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
716:
714:
708:
705:
698:
694:
689:
683:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
623:
620:
619:anti-clerical
616:
612:
611:secular state
608:
600:
596:
589:
585:
581:
580:
575:
571:
566:
562:
558:
552:
542:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:popular music
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:chili peppers
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
434:
430:
418:
413:
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148:
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122:
119:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
25:
21:
16:
5110:
5104:Dependencies
5061:
5012:
4932:Sint Maarten
4931:
4909:
4877:
4855:
4663:Architecture
4654:
4568:Demographics
4412:Central bank
4322:Human rights
4302:Constitution
4120:War on drugs
4095:World War II
4080:Cristero War
3973:Colonial era
3878:
3871:
3860:
3851:
3839:
3828:
3817:
3806:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3750:
3742:the original
3735:
3726:
3712:
3703:
3698:
3689:
3684:
3670:
3659:. Retrieved
3649:
3637:. Retrieved
3627:
3617:February 17,
3615:. Retrieved
3606:
3597:
3589:
3575:
3569:
3560:
3551:
3539:. Retrieved
3535:
3510:. Retrieved
3499:
3487:. Retrieved
3483:
3474:
3463:. Retrieved
3453:
3442:. Retrieved
3438:the original
3414:. Retrieved
3410:the original
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3353:
3328:. Retrieved
3323:
3314:
3303:. Retrieved
3299:the original
3294:
3285:
3273:. Retrieved
3266:the original
3257:
3245:
3236:
3227:
3205:(1): 77–86.
3202:
3196:
3186:
3175:
3159:
3148:
3137:. Retrieved
3133:
3124:
3113:. Retrieved
3110:Culture Trip
3109:
3099:
3088:. Retrieved
3085:sites.bu.edu
3084:
3075:
3064:. Retrieved
3060:
3050:
3002:(1): 66–74.
2999:
2995:
2985:
2974:. Retrieved
2972:. 2010-09-04
2969:
2960:
2908:Papel picado
2816:
2731:
2699:Hugo Sánchez
2687:Club América
2677:
2653:Plaza México
2649:Bullfighting
2634:
2536:
2524:Pepe Aguilar
2476:Gloria Trevi
2460:Mexican rock
2453:
2422:
2418:Juan Gabriel
2394:Bésame Mucho
2386:Agustín Lara
2383:
2341:
2321:
2305:Son Huasteco
2262:
2228:
2212:Netotiliztli
2188:
2132:
2114:
2104:
2099:
2089:
2069:
2029:chili powder
2026:
2018:Mexican beer
1999:
1961:
1906:
1901:Bicentennial
1870:
1867:Mole poblano
1815:
1795:Dining table
1749:
1665:
1657:
1653:sugar skulls
1643:holidays of
1629:
1622:
1608:
1601:
1582:
1574:
1514:
1468:
1444:Julio Bracho
1416:
1293:. 1729–1772.
1274:
1205:
1195:
1175:
1168:
1162:and a large
1158:include the
1136:Maximilian I
1129:
1125:Manuel Tolsá
1106:
1087:
1060:
1034:Architecture
1012:
1001:
995:
954:Yuri Herrera
946:Juan Villoro
939:
935:Bruno Traven
919:Renato Leduc
892:
873:
826:. 1910–1912.
736:Diego Rivera
729:
717:
709:
701:
654:evangelicals
651:
624:
604:
578:
539:
471:Diego Rivera
464:
443:
437:
426:
356:Coat of arms
335:Video gaming
224:Architecture
142:
114:
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
15:
4975:El Salvador
4921:Saint Lucia
4910:Puerto Rico
4588:Immigration
4454:Land reform
4402:Agriculture
4224:Territories
4162:Earthquakes
4110:Peso crisis
4105:Lost Decade
3657:. chiff.com
3639:November 7,
3541:12 November
3489:November 8,
3237:www.cia.gov
2913:Quinceañera
2842:, card game
2539:Vive Latino
2537:The annual
2516:Aida Cuevas
2484:Café Tacvba
2429:Luis Miguel
2350:, vihuela,
2328:Son Jarocho
2317:Duranguense
1929:white meats
1843:carne asada
1770:Las Posadas
1589:Noche Buena
1585:Las Posadas
1464:María Félix
1340:. 1873–1903
1152:francophile
1030:in origin.
915:Octavio Paz
880:Mesoamerica
760:photography
756:Frida Kahlo
682:Mexican art
527:telenovelas
515:Octavio Paz
467:Teotihuacan
366:Miss Mexico
318:Lucha libre
183:Immigration
4970:Costa Rica
4747:Television
4705:Literature
4583:Healthcare
4558:Censorship
4553:Corruption
4486:(currency)
4444:Irrigation
4065:Porfiriato
4060:Yaqui Wars
4035:La Reforma
4020:Pastry War
3661:2010-02-18
3465:2010-02-18
3444:2010-02-18
3416:2010-02-18
3330:2007-11-10
3305:2007-01-03
3251:"Religión"
3139:2022-01-04
3115:2022-01-04
3090:2022-01-04
3066:2022-01-04
2976:2022-01-04
2952:References
2799:See also:
2512:Lila Downs
2376:' tomb in
2240:"Elodia,"
2192:teponaztli
2154:lemongrass
1972:mole sauce
1968:enchiladas
1738:poinsettia
1557:See also:
1541:Issa López
1452:Cantinflas
1399:See also:
1338:Guanajuato
1258:. ~700 AD.
1256:Puuc style
1169:After the
1156:Porfiriato
1098:Amerindian
1044:See also:
990:See also:
927:Juan Rulfo
848:Literature
730:After the
686:See also:
613:, and the
579:Cristo Rey
555:See also:
279:Television
269:Newspapers
244:Literature
78:newspapers
18:See also:
5093:Venezuela
5031:Argentina
4990:Nicaragua
4980:Guatemala
4842:Caribbean
4710:Monuments
4700:Languages
4573:Education
4492:Petroleum
4449:Labor law
4417:Companies
4359:President
4307:Elections
4197:Mountains
4130:Geography
4055:Caste War
3576:Festivals
3042:161852229
3026:0002-7294
2691:Cruz Azul
2643:, is the
2641:Charreria
2637:Charreria
2472:Jose Jose
2344:guitarrón
2281:accordion
2224:Old World
2150:spearmint
2138:chamomile
2106:Chocolate
2001:molinillo
1847:al pastor
1766:birthdays
1742:Christmas
1709:festival.
1661:Halloween
1636:Christian
1618:Christmas
1597:Año Nuevo
1354:Chihuahua
1291:Zacatecas
1277:1572–1724
962:migration
643:Christmas
627:Christian
590:) statue.
444:mestizaje
291:Monuments
264:Magazines
188:Languages
108:July 2022
5124:Category
5083:Suriname
5073:Paraguay
5051:Colombia
4985:Honduras
4884:Dominica
4867:Barbados
4787:Category
4730:Religion
4690:Folklore
4349:Military
4327:Intersex
4285:Congress
4268:Politics
4254:Wildlife
4244:Volcanos
4085:Maximato
3952:articles
3800:: 51–54.
3635:. UNESCO
3611:Archived
3339:cite web
3275:2 August
3219:24451552
3172:"Mexico"
2848:, sitcom
2840:Conquian
2829:Alebrije
2822:See also
2769:and the
2767:Pumas CU
2705:, while
2679:Football
2589:Totonacs
2445:Americas
2425:Caifanes
2356:trumpets
2301:Huapango
2293:Corridos
2285:Ranchera
2265:Mariachi
2183:Huapango
2124:horchata
2120:Totonacs
2081:Veracruz
2070:Next to
2057:Chipotle
2049:cinnamon
2041:cilantro
1957:avocados
1937:tomatoes
1933:potatoes
1839:carnitas
1703:amaranto
1641:Catholic
1610:Epiphany
1501:"), and
1442:"), and
1383:. 1950s.
1273:, Oaxaca
1067:Americas
972:Language
704:folk art
545:Religion
503:mariachi
499:Catholic
323:Football
301:Muralism
296:Painting
259:Internet
198:Religion
193:Holidays
173:Folklore
168:Mexicans
135:a series
133:Part of
5088:Uruguay
5056:Ecuador
5036:Bolivia
4904:Jamaica
4894:Grenada
4878:Curaçao
4862:Bahamas
4771:Outline
4678:Cuisine
4655:Culture
4645:Welfare
4635:Smoking
4620:Poverty
4541:Society
4517:Tourism
4390:Economy
4364:Cabinet
4182:Islands
4177:Forests
4152:Climate
4142:Borders
3960:History
3777:: 1–20.
3706:. 2016.
2945:Vaquero
2931:, shawl
2877:Lotería
2703:La Liga
2437:Molotov
2396:"; and
2352:guitars
2273:Norteño
2204:conches
2200:rattles
2128:churros
2116:Vanilla
2045:epazote
2037:oregano
2014:tequila
1996:frothed
1980:tamales
1941:seafood
1923:, both
1894:Psidium
1780:Cuisine
1593:Navidad
1477:") and
1356:. 1910.
1189:, is a
1181:winner
1102:Moorish
1028:Nahuatl
1024:avocado
1003:de jure
998:Spanish
842:. 1908.
810:. 1860.
725:Baroque
343:Symbols
234:Cuisine
178:History
160:Society
92:scholar
5068:Guyana
5041:Brazil
5013:Mexico
4995:Panama
4965:Belize
4792:Portal
4742:Sports
4673:Cinema
4603:People
4427:Energy
4290:Senate
4212:States
4207:Rivers
4147:Cities
3950:
3948:Mexico
3852:gob.mx
3582:
3217:
3168:
3040:
3034:658862
3032:
3024:
2929:Serape
2919:Rebozo
2879:, game
2719:El Tri
2693:, and
2645:Azteca
2572:dress.
2530:, and
2506:, and
2464:Thalía
2449:Europe
2354:, and
2309:jarana
2289:Cumbia
2277:redoba
2208:voices
2196:flutes
2142:linden
2110:Aztecs
2065:garlic
2061:onions
2051:, and
2012:, and
2010:pulque
2006:mescal
1984:pozole
1982:, and
1949:squash
1913:UNESCO
1897:cajeta
1890:Quince
1668:piñata
1389:Cinema
1324:. 1791
1307:Puebla
1222:, and
1056:Zócalo
1022:, and
1020:coyote
956:, and
933:, and
742:, and
721:altars
647:Easter
639:Brazil
637:after
584:Christ
563:, and
535:family
531:Thalía
523:soccer
361:Anthem
308:Sports
229:Comics
211:Topics
137:on the
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
5046:Chile
4899:Haiti
4856:Aruba
4778:Index
4725:Radio
4715:Music
4613:Women
4578:Flags
4563:Crime
4484:Peso
4187:Lakes
3848:(PDF)
3269:(PDF)
3262:INEGI
3254:(PDF)
3215:JSTOR
3038:S2CID
3030:JSTOR
2924:Rodeo
2759:ONEFA
2609:Sport
2269:Banda
2053:cocoa
2033:cumin
1976:atole
1964:tacos
1921:beans
1917:maize
1835:Tacos
1687:grito
1539:" by
1483:Canoa
1252:Uxmal
487:tacos
479:maize
460:China
456:India
328:Rugby
286:Music
274:Radio
249:Media
239:Dance
203:Women
99:JSTOR
85:books
5078:Peru
4872:Cuba
4683:Wine
4332:LGBT
4234:Time
3641:2014
3619:2016
3580:ISBN
3543:2018
3514:2013
3491:2014
3345:link
3277:2009
3022:ISSN
2809:The
2763:UNAM
2673:2026
2669:1986
2665:1970
2490:and
2474:and
2458:and
2447:and
2441:Maná
2439:and
2335:and
2279:and
2168:and
2152:and
2076:rice
2072:corn
2063:and
2022:wine
1992:milk
1953:nuts
1927:and
1892:and
1886:Pear
1845:and
1768:and
1639:the
1630:The
1527:and
1493:"),
1462:and
1454:and
1434:"),
1107:The
1100:and
1088:The
1079:Maya
1075:Puuc
1054:The
1026:are
886:and
856:and
754:and
676:Arts
670:Jews
617:and
588:King
586:the
517:and
491:mole
489:and
481:and
351:Flag
254:Film
71:news
22:and
4668:Art
4474:Oil
4339:Law
3561:BBC
3207:doi
3012:hdl
3004:doi
2765:'s
2663:in
2480:Zoé
2456:pop
2303:or
2283:),
1925:red
1911:by
1837:of
1616:of
1218:,
458:or
219:Art
54:by
5126::
3850:.
3792:.
3775:14
3734:.
3609:.
3605:.
3588:.
3559:.
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