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Culture of Kazakhstan

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2155: 995: 922: 3097: 37: 379: 3107: 565: 1219: 1849: 864:: тұсау кесу - to cut ties) - a tradition to celebrate the first attempts of a child to walk. The legs of a child are tied with a string of white and black colors symbolizing the good and the bad in life. The tie is then cut by a female relative who is energetic and lively in nature, so that the child acquires her qualities. After the string has been cut, it is burnt. 1042:
Each year Kazakh artisans participate in the "Sheber" competition. The competition is part of the program "Development of crafts and the revival of folk arts and crafts in Kazakhstan", which began in 2006 to increase the competitiveness of Kazakh artisans’ products domestically and internationally.
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An important part of the program is the Seven Facets of the Great Steppe doctrine, which described by President Nazarbayev. The article described the seven facets of the Great Steppe: culture of horsemanship, ancient metallurgy of the great steppe, animal style, Golden Man, cradle of the Turkic
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in celebration of Kazakhstan Cultural Days in the United States. The concerts feature Kazakh folk music and Western classic masterpieces as well as American songs performed by the Kazakh National Kurmangazy Orchestra of Folk Instruments, Kazakh National Baikadamov Choir and a group of Kazakh
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President Nursultan Nazarbayev outlined six specific projects designed to start the spiritual modernisation of Kazakhstan in his keynote article “Course towards the Future: Modernisation of Kazakhstan's Identity," which was released in April 2017. The projects include the following:
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to escape; temperature and draft can be controlled by a flap that increases or decreases the size of the opening. A properly constructed yurt can be cooled in summer and warmed in winter, and it can be disassembled or set up in less than an hour. The interior of the yurt has
854:: бата - blessing) - a form of poetic art, typically given by the most respected or the eldest person to express gratitude for the provided hospitality, give blessing to a person who is about to enter a new phase in life, go through a challenging experience or travel. 796:: қонақасы; "konak" - guest, "as" - food) - a tradition to welcome a guest and make his stay as enjoyable as one can by providing food, lodge, entertainment. Depending on the circumstances under which a guest had come from, he is either called "arnayy konak" ( 785:
Kazakhs are known for their hospitality, and many Kazakh traditions are based on this ethnic feature. Some traditions have been lost, but some have been rediscovered. Below are some of the traditions that continue to play a role in the modern Kazakh society:
431:. Traditional curses and blessings invoked disease or fertility among animals, and good manners required that a person ask first about the health of a man's livestock when greeting him and only afterward inquire about the human aspects of his life. 604:, relying on these animals for transportation, clothing, and food. The cooking techniques and major ingredients have been strongly influenced by the nation's nomadic way of life. For example, most cooking techniques are aimed at long-term 888:
who is invited to perform an improvised song, in which he mentions relatives of the groom. During his performance, a bride has to bow every time she hears a name. After the song, the mother of the groom lifts the veil.
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is a modern culture, thriving in the post-Soviet era. The traditional Kazakh lifestyle has blended with influences from Western societies, as well as those from Kazakhstan's Russian and Chinese neighbors.
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This program is conducted by the Union of Artisans of Kazakhstan, "Chevron", the Eurasia Foundation of Central Asia, Kazakh Ministry of Culture and Information and the UNESCO Cluster Office in Almaty.
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The program also includes translation of the contemporary Kazakh literature and poetry into the UN's six languages. The official presentation of the Anthology took place in Almaty in April 2019.
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Symphony Orchestra of the Kurmangazy Kazakh National Conservatory was founded in 1947. The first leader of the orchestra was Professor K. Babayev. The Orchestra has a vast repertoire spanning
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significance; the right side is generally reserved for men and the left for women. Yurts are also frequently used as a decorative motif in restaurants and other public buildings.
1063:, about the new-created by Kazakhstan government history of the nation. The movie started in 2003, and was plagued with multiple development problems, finally released in 2006. 1479: 193: 248: 198: 243: 416:. Nomadism largely shaped its peculiar music, clothing, jewelry and oral literature. Kazakh culture also seems to be strongly influenced by the nomadic 1794: 1760: 1776: 1701: 2140: 1446: 543: 535: 365: 220: 656: 818:: көрімдік; "koru" - to see) - a tradition of presenting a person with a gift to congratulate him on a gain in his life. The custom is called 1303:
is Kazakhstan's most successful sport. Many professional cyclists that compete on the European circuit come from Kazakhstan. Most notable is
631: 1808: 1286: 884:: беташар; "bet" - face, "ashu" - to open) - the custom (often done at the wedding) to lift a veil from the face of a bride. Today it the 2114: 1931: 1729: 2348: 307: 822:, if a gain is related to a person or an animal (e.g. seeing a person's daughter-in-law or a newborn animal for the first time), and 2124: 3537: 3011: 2358: 874:: қыз ұзату) - the first wedding party organized by the parents of a bride. The literal translation is "to see off a daughter". 1474: 3072: 2250: 1624: 1354: 668:, a dish consisting of boiled horse or lamb meat, is the most popular Kazakh dish. Besbarmak is usually eaten with a boiled 2736: 2694: 2404: 1944: 1408:
along with the British literary translation experts translated and published the Kazakh literature collections in English.
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was central to the Kazakhs' traditional lifestyle, most of their nomadic practices and customs relate in some way to
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In September 2006, the government announced that it is funding distribution of a multimillion-dollar movie called
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have given the Kazakhstan side the reason to believe that they could have been contenders to qualify for the
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a step-by-step transition of the Kazakh language to the Latin alphabet and the New Humanitarian Knowledge
54: 3511: 3463: 3333: 3328: 3026: 2931: 2604: 2556: 2326: 2294: 2154: 1917: 1405: 1252: 332: 188: 69: 840:: шашу - to scatter) - a tradition to shower heroes of an occasion with sweets during some festivity. 2399: 2384: 2336: 2068: 1864: 1826: 1601:"Обряды, традиции и обычаи. Самые популярные и широко распространённые виды спорта казахского народа" 1450: 1097: 3468: 3293: 3036: 2753: 2729: 2659: 2531: 2353: 2309: 502:
school, including ethnic Kazakhs, who constitute about 60% of the population, as well as by ethnic
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is a popular sport in Kazakhstan, with over 10,000 fans consistently turning up to watch the
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The Musagetes Civic Charitable Foundation for Culture and Humanitarian Sciences Development
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and Islamic and European elements. Nomadic elements derived from predecessors, such as the
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Tengrism as a lived religion in Kazakhstan and its role in national identity building
1104:, a movie without dialogue or speech, made the shortlist of the 1982 Academy Awards. 1058: 1026: 180: 1795:"Rukhani Janghyru focuses on revealing Kazakh people's potential, Annie Michailidou" 1715: 3428: 3383: 3308: 3278: 3166: 3129: 3082: 3001: 2961: 2936: 2916: 2851: 2826: 2816: 2801: 2453: 2058: 2038: 2003: 1625:"Государственный язык Республики Казахстан | Департамент юстиции города Нур-Султан" 1031: 979: 967: 593: 488: 424: 1905:
Kazakhstan: history, geography, people, culture, traditions, holiday, living, life
1904: 2921: 2886: 2841: 2836: 2745: 2578: 2501: 2468: 2210: 2180: 2043: 1870: 1426: 1401: 1362: 963: 953: 906: 896: 881: 871: 861: 851: 837: 827: 815: 805: 801: 797: 793: 581: 1177: 909:: сүйінші) - a tradition to give present to someone who has brought good news. 2478: 2175: 2109: 2089: 1336: 1308: 971: 647: 597: 577: 559: 413: 382: 156: 1524: 3552: 3100: 2609: 2546: 2220: 2215: 2200: 2073: 2053: 2018: 2008: 1853: 1764: 1239:("Chase the Girl"), one of a number of traditional games played on horseback. 1226: 1124: 1078:
have been released. All three films were submitted for the Academy Award for
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The presentation of the Anthology translated into English was held at the
3110: 2634: 2482: 2205: 2195: 1716:"Kazakh American Association presents: Magic Songs of the Eternal Steppe" 1342: 1332: 1189: 1165: 722: 717:, such as heart, liver, kidneys, and other organs, diced and served with 523: 99: 1673:"New craft works of Kazakh artisans submitted for Sheber crafts contest" 1576: 1255:. Kazakhstan has achieved some success in international competitions in 994: 921: 514:. Less than 25% of the population is Russian Orthodox, including ethnic 2235: 1940: 1260: 1197: 752: 585: 569: 519: 466: 1909: 1648: 378: 2230: 2225: 2033: 1676: 1185: 1149: 1136:
The Symphony Orchestra of the Kurmangazy Kazakh National Conservatory
664: 613: 428: 417: 36: 3121: 1281:(FFK) is the sport's national governing body. The FFK organises the 690:(which is a horse meat sausage that only the wealthy could afford), 564: 1153: 547: 546:. There is also currently a revival of the traditional religion of 539: 515: 397: 394: 2714: 2629: 2023: 1852:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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In recent years, there has been an influx of young westernised
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world, the Great Silk Road and the land of apples and tulips.
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The Customs and Traditions of the Kazakh By Betsy Wagenhauser
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Magic Songs of the Eternal Steppe is a series of concerts at
800:: арнайы қонақ) - a specially invited guest, "kudayy konak" ( 765: 740: 714: 707: 669: 601: 484: 1982: 1967: 1777:"Rukhani Zhangyru Programme in Kazakhstan's Foreign Policy" 1480:
United States Commission on International Religious Freedom
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is the top-level competition for the sport in the country.
770: 748: 732: 727: 680: 623: 609: 445: 436: 401: 804:: құдайы қонақ) - a casual traveller, or "kydyrma konak" ( 1894: 1702:"Kazakhstan in America Magic Songs of the Eternal Steppe" 774: 711: 592:. For hundreds of years, Kazakhs were herders who raised 1512:
Kazakhstan - International Religious Freedom Report 2008
739:(salted and smoked meat from horse's hip and hind leg). 678:, and is traditionally served in Kazakh bowls called 1271:, the largest tally for any nation in Central Asia. 1118: 612:
so that it will last, and there is a preference for
1034:was a great Kazakh poet, composer and philosopher. 899:: шілдехана) - celebration of a birth of a child. 616:, as it is easier to save in a nomadic lifestyle. 487:is the largest religion in Kazakhstan, followed by 1514:U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 2009-09-07. 608:. There is a large practice of salting and drying 660:, proving very popular with younger generations. 642:restaurants. This has resulted in a new breed of 3550: 385:preparation began to develop in the 13th century 1525:"Soul of Tengri: Kazakh Traditions and Rituals" 1243:Kazakhstan has cultivated a strong interest in 544:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 440:, a tent consisting of a flexible framework of 1469: 1467: 1225:in traditional dress demonstrate Kazakhstan's 763:) and chunks of meat. The national drinks are 448:. The open top permits smoke from the central 3137: 2730: 1925: 1277:is the most popular sport in Kazakhstan. The 844:believe that collected delights bring luck. 359: 1089: 1722: 1464: 1335:and competes in major races, including the 808:: қыдырма қонақ) - an unexpected visitor. 634:who spent her early years training in West 3144: 3130: 2737: 2723: 1932: 1918: 1890:Embassy link for further culture questions 393:is mainly characterized as a synthesis of 366: 352: 1507: 1505: 1390:Modern Kazakh Culture in the Global World 725:), and various horse delicacies, such as 494:. Approximately 70% of the population is 444:wood covered with varying thicknesses of 1381:100 New Textbooks in the Kazakh Language 1361:. Kazakhstan has yet to qualify for the 1217: 563: 377: 1939: 1537: 434:The traditional Kazakh dwelling is the 3551: 1708: 1665: 1502: 830:: байғазы), if the gain is material. 3151: 3125: 2718: 1913: 1827:"Ruhani Zhangyru: Nazarbayev's Model" 1404:in London on September 25, 2019. The 1267:. Kazakhstan won eight medals in the 572:served traditionally as an appetizer. 1595: 1593: 1563: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1553: 1551: 1347:Kazakhstan national rugby union team 989: 978:. Another widely spoken language is 916: 460: 2744: 13: 1694: 1368: 706:, a dish made from roasted horse, 14: 3580: 1883: 1590: 1548: 1485:United States Department of State 1307:, whose achievements include two 1279:Football Federation of Kazakhstan 1119:Magic Songs of the Eternal Steppe 1066:Since that time such movies like 646:which blends traditional savoury 526:. Other religious groups include 3105: 3096: 3095: 2153: 1895:Message Board in Kazakh Language 1847: 993: 920: 684:. Other popular meat dishes are 588:, as well as a variety of dairy 498:. The majority are Sunni of the 35: 1819: 1801: 1787: 1769: 1751: 1080:the Best Foreign Languages Film 672:sheet, and a meat broth called 3063:British Indian Ocean Territory 1641: 1617: 1531: 1517: 1439: 1387:Sacred Geography of Kazakhstan 1: 1841: 985: 780: 1487:. 2009-10-26. Archived from 1393:100 New Faces of Kazakhstan. 912: 747:) is the most common Kazakh 7: 1447:"Scythians in Central Asia" 1415: 1349:play. Recent big wins over 630:, including the now famous 473: 10: 3585: 1406:Cambridge University Press 1253:extracurricular activities 1211: 1111: 1050: 1024: 951: 557: 553: 477: 3530: 3482: 3444: 3159: 3091: 3050: 3010: 2752: 2681: 2592: 2564: 2555: 2449: 2440: 2380: 2371: 2290: 2281: 2249: 2171: 2162: 2151: 2133: 2082: 1991: 1960: 1951: 1865:Federal Research Division 1538:Scripka, Abigail (2022). 1323:, and first place in the 1207: 1098:2008 Cannes Film Festival 1046: 962:The official language is 2812:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 1629:www.astana.adilet.gov.kz 1544:(Thesis). Tartu Ülikool. 1432: 1107: 3564:Culture of Central Asia 3073:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2181:Altay (Altai) Mountains 1569:"Обычаи гостеприимства" 1355:Arabian Gulf Rugby Team 1295:Kazakhstan Super League 958:Languages of Kazakhstan 735:from horse's neck) and 696:(horse meat sausages), 3202:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2405:Science and technology 2125:Republic of Kazakhstan 1319:), third place in the 1240: 1092:Prix Un Certain Regard 1090: 1037: 573: 480:Religion in Kazakhstan 406:First Turkic Khaganate 386: 3559:Culture of Kazakhstan 1718:. The Kennedy Center. 1422:History of Kazakhstan 1329:Astana Qazaqstan Team 1325:2003 Amstel Gold Race 1229:culture by playing a 1221: 567: 381: 30:Culture of Kazakhstan 2987:United Arab Emirates 2095:List of Kazakh khans 1815:. 28 September 2019. 1359:2011 Rugby World Cup 1305:Alexander Vinokourov 1293:national teams. The 1269:2004 Summer Olympics 1053:Cinema of Kazakhstan 606:preservation of food 308:World Heritage Sites 3445:States with limited 3014:limited recognition 2206:Khan Tangiri Shyngy 2186:Aral Karakum Desert 2049:Kara-Khanid Khanate 2034:Xueyantuo Khaganate 1327:. Vinokourov leads 1321:2003 Tour de France 1214:Sport in Kazakhstan 1204:, and many others. 1114:Music of Kazakhstan 970:closely related to 654:fast food, such as 237:and performing arts 3153:Culture of Europe 2410:Telecommunications 1875:Bruce Privratsky, 1833:. 6 December 2018. 1605:visitkazakhstan.kz 1249:physical education 1241: 1129:The Kennedy Center 1005:. You can help by 932:. 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Archived from 1726: 1720: 1719: 1712: 1706: 1705: 1704:. Carnegie Hall. 1698: 1692: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1679:. Archived from 1669: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1659: 1645: 1639: 1638: 1636: 1635: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1612: 1611: 1597: 1588: 1587: 1585: 1584: 1575:. Archived from 1565: 1546: 1545: 1535: 1529: 1528: 1521: 1515: 1509: 1500: 1499: 1497: 1496: 1471: 1462: 1461: 1459: 1458: 1449:. Archived from 1443: 1095: 1032:Abay Qunanbayuli 1018: 1015: 997: 990: 945: 942: 924: 917: 594:fat-tailed sheep 580:revolves around 489:Russian Orthodox 425:animal husbandry 368: 361: 354: 39: 18: 17: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3549: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3526: 3484: 3478: 3464:Northern Cyprus 3446: 3440: 3334:North Macedonia 3155: 3150: 3120: 3115: 3087: 3055: 3046: 3027:Northern Cyprus 3013: 3006: 2748: 2743: 2713: 2708: 2700: 2693: 2686: 2669: 2588: 2551: 2495: 2432: 2416: 2363: 2344:Law enforcement 2273: 2245: 2211:Kyzylkum Desert 2158: 2145: 2129: 2078: 1987: 1947: 1938: 1886: 1860:Country Studies 1857: 1848: 1844: 1839: 1838: 1831:astanatimes.com 1825: 1824: 1820: 1813:astanatimes.com 1807: 1806: 1802: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1775: 1774: 1770: 1756: 1752: 1743: 1741: 1728: 1727: 1723: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1700: 1699: 1695: 1686: 1684: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1655: 1647: 1646: 1642: 1633: 1631: 1623: 1622: 1618: 1609: 1607: 1599: 1598: 1591: 1582: 1580: 1567: 1566: 1549: 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Kingdom 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3222:Czech Republic 3219: 3214: 3209: 3204: 3199: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3163: 3161: 3157: 3156: 3149: 3148: 3141: 3134: 3126: 3117: 3116: 3114: 3113: 3103: 3092: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3065: 3059: 3057: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3044: 3039: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3018: 3016: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3004: 2999: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2954: 2949: 2944: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2758: 2756: 2750: 2749: 2742: 2741: 2734: 2727: 2719: 2710: 2709: 2707: 2706: 2699: 2698: 2691: 2683: 2682: 2679: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2667: 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2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1995: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1964: 1962: 1955: 1949: 1948: 1937: 1936: 1929: 1922: 1914: 1908: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1885: 1884:External links 1882: 1881: 1880: 1873: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1836: 1818: 1800: 1786: 1768: 1763:2001-12-23 at 1750: 1721: 1707: 1693: 1664: 1640: 1616: 1589: 1547: 1530: 1516: 1501: 1463: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1424: 1417: 1414: 1395: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1370: 1367: 1337:Tour de France 1212:Main article: 1209: 1206: 1137: 1134: 1120: 1117: 1112:Main article: 1109: 1106: 1051:Main article: 1048: 1045: 1039: 1036: 1025:Main article: 1021: 1020: 1000: 998: 987: 984: 948: 947: 927: 925: 914: 911: 782: 779: 702:(also spelled 578:Kazakh cuisine 560:Kazakh cuisine 558:Main article: 555: 552: 478:Main article: 475: 472: 462: 459: 414:Kazakh Khanate 391:Kazakh culture 374: 373: 371: 370: 363: 356: 348: 345: 344: 341: 340: 335: 330: 324: 320: 319: 318: 315: 314: 311: 310: 304: 300: 299: 298: 295: 294: 288: 287: 284: 283: 278: 273: 267: 261: 260: 259: 256: 255: 252: 251: 246: 240: 233: 232: 231: 228: 227: 224: 223: 217: 211: 210: 209: 206: 205: 202: 201: 196: 191: 185: 179: 178: 177: 174: 173: 167: 166: 160: 159: 153: 152: 146: 145: 139: 138: 133: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 61: 60: 59: 53: 52: 51: 48: 47: 41: 40: 32: 31: 27: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3581: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3560: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3497:Faroe Islands 3495: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3469:South Ossetia 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3449: 3443: 3437: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3411: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3294:Liechtenstein 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3213: 3210: 3208: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3135: 3133: 3128: 3127: 3124: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3102: 3094: 3093: 3090: 3084: 3081: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3040: 3038: 3037:South Ossetia 3035: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3009: 3003: 3000: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2953: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2740: 2735: 2733: 2728: 2726: 2721: 2720: 2717: 2705: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2598: 2597: 2595: 2591: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2548: 2547:Kazakh tribes 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2419: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2395:National Bank 2393: 2391: 2390:Energy policy 2388: 2386: 2383: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2325: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2221:Sharyn Canyon 2219: 2217: 2216:Lake Balkhash 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2201:Kazakh Steppe 2199: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2156: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2087: 2085: 2081: 2075: 2074:Uzbek Khanate 2072: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2054:Mongol Empire 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2019:Kimek Khanate 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992:Early history 1990: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1935: 1930: 1928: 1923: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1887: 1879:, pages 76–77 1878: 1874: 1872: 1866: 1862: 1861: 1855: 1854:public domain 1846: 1845: 1832: 1828: 1822: 1814: 1810: 1804: 1796: 1790: 1782: 1778: 1772: 1766: 1765:archive.today 1762: 1759: 1754: 1740:on 2014-12-09 1739: 1735: 1731: 1725: 1717: 1711: 1703: 1697: 1683:on 2017-12-01 1682: 1678: 1674: 1668: 1654: 1653:articlekz.com 1650: 1644: 1630: 1626: 1620: 1606: 1602: 1596: 1594: 1579:on 2019-11-07 1578: 1574: 1570: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1543: 1542: 1534: 1526: 1520: 1513: 1508: 1506: 1491:on 2009-11-30 1490: 1486: 1482: 1481: 1476: 1470: 1468: 1453:on 2020-10-02 1452: 1448: 1442: 1438: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1413: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1257:weightlifting 1254: 1250: 1246: 1238: 1237: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1133: 1130: 1126: 1125:Carnegie Hall 1115: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1093: 1087: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1064: 1062: 1061: 1054: 1044: 1035: 1033: 1028: 1017: 1008: 1004: 1001:This section 999: 996: 992: 991: 983: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 959: 955: 944: 941:February 2012 935: 931: 928:This section 926: 923: 919: 918: 910: 908: 904: 900: 898: 894: 890: 887: 883: 879: 875: 873: 869: 865: 863: 859: 855: 853: 849: 845: 843: 839: 835: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 778: 776: 773:'s milk) and 772: 768: 767: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 729: 724: 720: 716: 713: 709: 705: 701: 700: 695: 694: 689: 688: 683: 682: 677: 676: 671: 667: 666: 661: 659: 658: 653: 649: 645: 641: 640:Michelin Star 637: 633: 629: 625: 622: 617: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 590:milk products 587: 583: 579: 571: 568:A platter of 566: 561: 551: 549: 545: 541: 537: 536:Hare Krishnas 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 490: 486: 481: 471: 468: 458: 456: 451: 447: 443: 439: 438: 432: 430: 426: 421: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 396: 392: 384: 380: 369: 364: 362: 357: 355: 350: 349: 347: 346: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 325: 317: 316: 309: 306: 305: 297: 296: 293: 290: 289: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 268: 264: 258: 257: 250: 247: 245: 242: 241: 236: 230: 229: 222: 219: 218: 214: 208: 207: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 186: 182: 176: 175: 172: 169: 168: 165: 162: 161: 158: 155: 154: 151: 148: 147: 144: 141: 140: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 101: 98: 96: 93: 91: 88: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 62: 56: 50: 49: 46: 43: 42: 38: 34: 33: 29: 28: 24: 20: 19: 16: 3474:Transnistria 3436:Vatican City 3283: 3052:Dependencies 2982:Turkmenistan 2947:Saudi Arabia 2861: 2605:Azerbaijanis 2557:Demographics 2474:Coat of arms 2464:Architecture 2441: 2327:Human rights 2295:Constitution 2251:Subdivisions 2064:Golden Horde 2014:Kangar union 1876: 1859: 1830: 1821: 1812: 1803: 1789: 1780: 1771: 1753: 1742:. 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The movie 1075: 1071: 1067: 1065: 1059: 1056: 1041: 1030: 1011: 1007:adding to it 1002: 961: 938: 934:adding to it 929: 902: 901: 892: 891: 877: 876: 867: 866: 857: 856: 847: 846: 833: 832: 823: 819: 811: 810: 789: 788: 784: 764: 744: 736: 726: 703: 697: 691: 685: 679: 673: 663: 662: 657:betinjantabs 655: 650:dishes with 618: 576:Traditional 575: 532:Baháʼí Faith 492:Christianity 483: 464: 435: 433: 422: 410:Golden Horde 390: 388: 333:Coat of arms 189:Architecture 70:Azerbaijanis 15: 3512:Isle of Man 3447:recognition 3394:Switzerland 3329:Netherlands 3111:Asia portal 3012:States with 2932:Philippines 2872:South Korea 2867:North Korea 2762:Afghanistan 2385:Agriculture 2196:Caspian Sea 2115:Kazakh ASSR 2069:White Horde 1573:www.bilu.kz 1343:Rugby union 1333:UCI ProTeam 1311:victories ( 1190:Tchaikovsky 1166:Saint-Saens 1132:soloists. 1014:August 2014 769:(fermented 751:dish, with 632:Rania Ahmed 524:Belarusians 383:Kazakh food 3553:Categories 3364:San Marino 3324:Montenegro 3304:Luxembourg 3284:Kazakhstan 3187:Azerbaijan 2992:Uzbekistan 2967:Tajikistan 2882:Kyrgyzstan 2862:Kazakhstan 2782:Bangladesh 2772:Azerbaijan 2660:Ukrainians 2532:Television 2496:(Internet) 2417:(currency) 2354:Parliament 2310:Government 2236:Ural River 2120:Kazakh SSR 2083:Since 1465 1961:Prehistory 1941:Kazakhstan 1871:Kazakhstan 1842:References 1781:mfa.gov.kz 1744:2014-06-12 1687:2014-06-12 1658:2019-11-12 1634:2019-11-11 1610:2019-11-11 1583:2019-11-07 1495:2010-06-03 1457:2019-09-11 1384:Tugan Zher 1309:Paris–Nice 1261:ice hockey 1227:equestrian 1198:Mussorgsky 986:Literature 976:Karakalpak 893:Shildehana 858:Tusau kesu 781:Traditions 753:vegetables 586:horse meat 570:horse meat 520:Ukrainians 467:Kazakhstan 276:Television 213:Literature 125:Ukrainians 3502:Gibraltar 3299:Lithuania 3078:Hong Kong 3032:Palestine 2957:Sri Lanka 2952:Singapore 2832:Indonesia 2600:Armenians 2569:Education 2527:Squatting 2423:Transport 2315:President 2300:Elections 2264:Districts 2226:Syr Darya 2164:Geography 1677:KazInform 1351:Sri Lanka 1150:Beethoven 913:Languages 868:Kyz uzatu 665:Besbarmak 614:sour milk 548:Tengriism 429:livestock 418:Scythians 301:Monuments 194:Sculpture 164:Festivals 150:Mythology 143:Languages 65:Armenians 3522:Svalbard 3507:Guernsey 3454:Abkhazia 3424:Scotland 3379:Slovenia 3374:Slovakia 3349:Portugal 3207:Bulgaria 3101:Category 3022:Abkhazia 2972:Thailand 2927:Pakistan 2907:Mongolia 2902:Maldives 2897:Malaysia 2797:Cambodia 2704:Category 2645:Russians 2579:Language 2517:Religion 2469:Clothing 2454:Alphabet 2349:Military 2283:Politics 2134:By topic 2009:Göktürks 1945:articles 1761:Archived 1416:See also 1353:and the 1275:Football 1154:Schubert 1088:won the 878:Betashar 820:korimdik 812:Korimdik 790:Konakasy 731:(smoked 652:European 540:Buddhism 516:Russians 474:Religion 465:Today's 423:Because 395:Tengrian 171:Religion 110:Russians 23:a series 21:Part of 3414:England 3404:Ukraine 3354:Romania 3314:Moldova 3272:Ireland 3267:Iceland 3262:Hungary 3252:Germany 3247:Georgia 3237:Finland 3232:Estonia 3227:Denmark 3212:Croatia 3197:Belgium 3192:Belarus 3182:Austria 3177:Armenia 3172:Andorra 3167:Albania 2997:Vietnam 2912:Myanmar 2892:Lebanon 2822:Georgia 2777:Bahrain 2767:Armenia 2688:Outline 2665:Uyghurs 2635:Koreans 2630:Kazakhs 2615:Germans 2593:Peoples 2502:Kazakhs 2494:Kaznet 2479:Cuisine 2442:Culture 2373:Economy 2269:Regions 2241:Zhetysu 2191:Borders 2024:Karluks 1953:History 1287:women's 1236:Kyz Kuu 1231:kissing 1096:at the 980:Russian 903:Suinshi 842:Kazakhs 824:baygazy 757:carrots 723:peppers 704:kuirdak 699:kuyrdak 693:shuzhuk 644:cuisine 554:Cuisine 528:Judaism 508:Uighurs 398:nomadic 389:Modern 321:Symbols 249:Theater 199:Fashion 157:Cuisine 130:Uyghurs 100:Koreans 95:Kazakhs 80:Germans 45:History 3517:Jersey 3459:Kosovo 3399:Turkey 3389:Sweden 3369:Serbia 3359:Russia 3344:Poland 3339:Norway 3319:Monaco 3289:Latvia 3257:Greece 3242:France 3217:Cyprus 3042:Taiwan 2977:Turkey 2942:Russia 2877:Kuwait 2857:Jordan 2847:Israel 2807:Cyprus 2792:Brunei 2787:Bhutan 2650:Tatars 2620:Greeks 2610:Dungan 2574:Health 2459:Anthem 2415:Tenge 2141:Postal 1973:Kangju 1943:  1856:. 1291:futsal 1289:, and 1265:boxing 1263:, and 1251:, and 1245:sports 1233:game, 1208:Sports 1182:Mahler 1178:Franck 1158:Brahms 1146:Mozart 1085:Tulpan 1074:, and 1072:Tulpan 1068:Mongol 1047:Movies 964:Kazakh 907:Kazakh 897:Kazakh 886:mullah 882:Kazakh 872:Kazakh 862:Kazakh 852:Kazakh 838:Kazakh 834:Shashu 828:Kazakh 816:Kazakh 806:Kazakh 802:Kazakh 798:Kazakh 794:Kazakh 761:garlic 719:onions 675:shorpa 648:Kazakh 636:London 628:Astana 621:Kazakh 602:horses 600:, and 542:, and 530:, the 522:, and 512:Tatars 510:, and 504:Uzbeks 500:Hanafi 496:Muslim 455:ritual 450:hearth 442:willow 281:Cinema 221:Poetry 115:Tatars 85:Greeks 75:Dungan 55:People 25:on the 3492:Åland 3429:Wales 3384:Spain 3309:Malta 3279:Italy 3083:Macau 3002:Yemen 2962:Syria 2937:Qatar 2917:Nepal 2852:Japan 2827:India 2817:Egypt 2802:China 2695:Index 2655:Turks 2640:Poles 2584:Women 2542:Y-DNA 2522:Sport 2512:Music 2507:Media 1978:Wusun 1433:Notes 1283:men's 1174:Ravel 1170:Bizet 1162:Liszt 1142:Haydn 1108:Music 1102:Kelin 1076:Kelin 1060:Nomad 972:Nogai 766:kumys 745:palaw 741:Pilaf 737:zhaya 715:offal 710:, or 708:sheep 670:pasta 624:chefs 485:Islam 292:Sport 271:Radio 263:Media 244:Dance 235:Music 120:Turks 105:Poles 2922:Oman 2887:Laos 2842:Iraq 2837:Iran 2625:Jews 2489:Flag 2483:wine 2337:LGBT 1999:Tele 1983:Huns 1968:Saka 1317:2003 1313:2002 1186:Orff 1127:and 974:and 966:, a 956:and 848:Bata 771:mare 749:rice 733:lard 728:zhal 721:and 687:Qazı 681:kese 610:meat 584:and 582:lamb 446:felt 437:yurt 412:and 402:Huns 328:Flag 90:Jews 3054:and 2100:Jüz 1038:Art 1009:. 936:. 775:tea 712:cow 638:'s 420:. 181:Art 3555:: 1869:- 1863:. 1829:. 1811:. 1779:. 1732:. 1675:. 1651:. 1627:. 1603:. 1592:^ 1571:. 1550:^ 1504:^ 1483:. 1477:. 1466:^ 1339:. 1315:, 1285:, 1259:, 1247:, 1200:, 1196:, 1192:, 1188:, 1184:, 1180:, 1176:, 1172:, 1168:, 1164:, 1160:, 1156:, 1152:, 1148:, 1144:, 1100:. 1070:, 777:. 596:, 538:, 534:, 518:, 506:, 408:, 404:, 3145:e 3138:t 3131:v 2738:e 2731:t 2724:v 2485:) 2481:( 1933:e 1926:t 1919:v 1867:. 1797:. 1783:. 1747:. 1690:. 1661:. 1637:. 1613:. 1586:. 1527:. 1498:. 1460:. 1016:) 1012:( 943:) 939:( 905:( 895:( 880:( 870:( 860:( 850:( 836:( 826:( 814:( 792:( 755:( 743:( 367:e 360:t 353:v

Index

a series

History
People
Armenians
Azerbaijanis
Dungan
Germans
Greeks
Jews
Kazakhs
Koreans
Poles
Russians
Tatars
Turks
Ukrainians
Uyghurs
Languages
Mythology
Cuisine
Festivals
Religion
Art
Architecture
Sculpture
Fashion
Literature
Poetry
Music

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