102:
123:
1639:
372:
1633:
459:
Corypohodontids were slow-growing and long-living animals, and studies of a large sample of individuals from a single locality, assumed to be from the same population, suggest that coryphodontids had a
398:
is known from around the
Paleocene-Eocene transition in Europe, western United States, northern Canada, and eastern Asia. The remaining genera are known exclusively from the middle Eocene of Asia.
409:
are large, derived pantodonts first described in the mid-19th century, but no intermediate stages leading to their unusual upper molars are known. The last known species of
421:
is the primitive sister taxon to the remaining genera and the entire lineage (or lineages) originated from within this genus. Two coryphodontids considerably larger than
1559:
1593:
1498:
1466:
1327:
470:
433:
278:
1541:
1582:
1525:
1507:
1480:
1445:
655:
494:
439:
427:
402:
306:
231:
1716:
1609:
1575:
1487:
1425:
1391:
1343:
1336:
320:
1350:
1534:
1459:
1357:
476:
264:
1602:
1309:
1568:
1703:
1772:
1762:
1105:
1029:"Coryphodontids (Mammalia: Pantodonta) from the Erlian Basin of Nei Mongol, China, and their biostratigraphic implications"
853:
771:
788:
Lucas, Spencer G.; Tong, Yongsheng (1988). "A New
Coryphodontid (Mammalia, Pantodonta) from the Eocene of China".
1126:
634:"Tooth crown formation time in three Asian coryphodontids, and its implications for identifying living analogues"
937:
1056:
1028:
730:
674:
513:
464:
social structure in which males and females reached sexual maturity at different ages. Histological study of
122:
1767:
989:
901:
538:. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. August 2012
705:
1638:
821:
1098:
1734:
1658:
849:
535:
482:
761:
1729:
1721:
817:
649:
519:
101:
1690:
1632:
8:
1757:
1091:
985:
701:
488:
461:
964:
805:
414:
336:
117:
994:(Mammalia, Pantodonta) in the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene of Northwestern Wyoming"
1217:
1190:
1008:
972:
933:
907:
767:
633:
956:
885:
801:
797:
757:
731:"A new coryphodont from Mongolia, and on evolution and distribution of Pantodonta"
1681:
1473:
1295:
927:
384:
292:
536:"New Material of Mammal Coryphodontid Found From the Erlian Basin Of Nei Mongol"
631:
361:
1751:
1514:
1409:
1368:
1012:
911:
465:
365:
59:
1616:
1057:"Some new forms of Coryphodontidae from the early Eocene of Xichuan, Honan"
976:
897:
377:
1548:
1398:
1384:
675:"Mammals from the Middle Eocene Kuanchuang Formation of Xintai, Shandong"
34:
417:
molars similar to later, more derived coryphodontids, and, most likely,
1708:
1452:
1418:
1377:
1316:
1281:
1259:
1229:
1114:
968:
809:
394:
357:
250:
245:
177:
79:
44:
1302:
1001:
Contributions from the Museum of
Paleontology, University of Michigan
889:
371:
134:
84:
1652:
960:
854:"Coryphodonts and Uintatheres from the Mongolian Expedition of 1930"
1675:
1202:
1159:
1138:
154:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
89:
64:
1695:
903:
Odontography; a treatise on the comparative anatomy of the teeth
1175:
1150:
1144:
1132:
164:
144:
632:
Mao
Fangyuan, Wang Yuan-Qing, Meng Jin, Jin Xun (April 2014).
1083:
480:
show that their life histories were comparable to those of
955:(6). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society: 3–99.
706:"On the short footed Ungulata of the Eocene of Wyoming"
947:
Simons, Elwyn L. (1960). "The
Paleocene Pantodonta".
949:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
710:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
498:lived shorter and grew faster than hippopotamus.
1749:
1099:
983:
848:
580:
298:
654:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
437:, have more advanced bilophodont dentition.
1106:
1092:
530:
528:
100:
1279:
787:
627:
625:
556:
284:
1027:Mao, Fang-Yuan; Wang, Yuan-Qing (2012).
443:is morphologically transitional between
370:
1174:
1026:
616:
562:
525:
1750:
946:
880:, Upper Eocene amblypod of Mongolia".
875:
728:
672:
622:
604:
401:The coryphodontids are related to the
326:
312:
270:
195:
1657:
1656:
1125:
1087:
816:
756:
592:
214:
925:
896:
700:
568:
256:
929:The beginning of the age of mammals
13:
1054:
790:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
237:
14:
1784:
822:"On some characters of the genus
1637:
1631:
121:
32:
906:. London: Hippolyte Bailliere.
673:Chow, Minchen; Qi, Tao (1982).
454:
1113:
802:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011670
729:Flerow, Constantin C. (1957).
610:
598:
586:
574:
550:
507:
368:of Eurasia and North America.
1:
766:. Columbia University Press.
665:
926:Rose, Kenneth David (2006).
375:The Late Eocene dinoceratan
30:Late Paleocene–Middle Eocene
7:
1773:Prehistoric mammal families
1763:Paleocene first appearances
830:American Journal of Science
10:
1789:
1038:(in Chinese and English).
852:; Granger, Walter (1932).
763:Chinese Fossil Vertebrates
684:(in Chinese and English).
388:, of what is now Mongolia.
1665:
1628:
1592:
1558:
1524:
1497:
1435:
1408:
1367:
1326:
1290:
1275:
1256:
1228:
1210:
1201:
1183:
1170:
1121:
882:American Museum Novitates
861:American Museum Novitates
581:Uhen & Gingerich 1995
342:
335:
299:Osborn & Granger 1932
226:
221:
118:Scientific classification
116:
108:
99:
23:
16:Extinct family of mammals
932:. Baltimore: JHU Press.
501:
477:Eudinoceras mongoliensis
471:Heterocoryphodon flerowi
356:is an extinct family of
876:Osborn, H. F. (1924). "
360:mammals known from the
1064:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
1036:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
738:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
682:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
638:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
522:. Retrieved July 2013.
495:Asiocoryphodon conicus
483:Hippopotamus amphibius
425:but endemic to China,
389:
1730:Paleobiology Database
557:Lucas & Tong 1988
520:Paleobiology Database
374:
285:Lucas & Tong 1988
986:Gingerich, Philip D.
382:, and the pantodont
1560:Pantolambdodontidae
617:Mao & Wang 2012
489:Ceratotherium simum
1768:Eocene extinctions
605:Chow & Qi 1982
468:enamel samples of
390:
313:Chow & Qi 1982
1745:
1744:
1659:Taxon identifiers
1650:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1626:
1625:
1594:Pastoralodontidae
1271:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
758:Lucas, Spencer G.
351:
350:
329:
315:
301:
287:
273:
259:
240:
217:
198:
1780:
1738:
1737:
1725:
1724:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1654:
1653:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1499:Cyriacotheriidae
1467:Heterocoryphodon
1328:Archaeolambdidae
1288:
1287:
1277:
1276:
1208:
1207:
1181:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1123:
1122:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1019:
998:
980:
943:
922:
920:
918:
893:
872:
870:
868:
858:
845:
843:
841:
813:
784:
782:
780:
753:
751:
749:
735:
725:
723:
721:
697:
695:
693:
679:
660:
659:
653:
645:
629:
620:
614:
608:
602:
596:
590:
584:
578:
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
547:
545:
543:
532:
523:
511:
492:, respectively.
434:Heterocoryphodon
325:
311:
297:
283:
279:Heterocoryphodon
269:
255:
236:
213:
208:
194:
191:Coryphodontoidea
189:
176:
126:
125:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1733:
1728:
1720:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1667:Coryphodontidae
1661:
1651:
1642:
1630:
1622:
1588:
1554:
1542:Nanxiongilambda
1520:
1493:
1474:Hypercoryphodon
1437:Coryphodontidae
1431:
1404:
1363:
1322:
1296:Alcidedorbignya
1284:
1263:
1244:
1224:
1197:
1166:
1128:
1127:
1117:
1112:
1082:
1073:
1071:
1059:
1055:Xu, Y. (1976).
1045:
1043:
1031:
1017:
1015:
996:
984:Uhen, Mark D.;
961:10.2307/1005810
940:
916:
914:
866:
864:
856:
839:
837:
778:
776:
774:
747:
745:
733:
719:
717:
691:
689:
677:
668:
663:
647:
646:
630:
623:
615:
611:
603:
599:
591:
587:
579:
575:
567:
563:
555:
551:
541:
539:
534:
533:
526:
515:Coryphodontidae
512:
508:
504:
457:
392:The type genus
385:Hypercoryphodon
354:Coryphodontidae
324:
310:
296:
293:Hypercoryphodon
282:
268:
254:
235:
212:
210:Coryphodontidae
206:
193:
187:
174:
120:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
29:
28:
25:
24:Coryphodontidae
17:
12:
11:
5:
1786:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1726:
1713:
1700:
1687:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1598:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1583:Pantolambdodon
1579:
1572:
1564:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1530:
1528:
1526:Pantolambdidae
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1511:
1508:Cyriacotherium
1503:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1481:Metacoryphodon
1477:
1470:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1446:Asiocoryphodon
1441:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1414:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1332:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1285:
1280:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1184:
1178:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1162:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1088:
1081:
1080:
1066:(in Chinese).
1052:
1024:
1007:(10): 259–89.
990:"Evolution of
981:
944:
938:
923:
894:
873:
846:
814:
785:
772:
754:
726:
698:
669:
667:
664:
662:
661:
621:
609:
597:
585:
573:
561:
559:, Introduction
549:
524:
505:
503:
500:
456:
453:
440:Metacoryphodon
428:Asiocoryphodon
362:Late Paleocene
349:
348:
347:
346:
345:Bathmodontidae
340:
339:
333:
332:
331:
330:
316:
307:Metacoryphodon
302:
288:
274:
260:
241:
232:Asiocoryphodon
224:
223:
219:
218:
204:
200:
199:
185:
181:
180:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
114:
113:
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1785:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1640:
1634:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1610:Convallisodon
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1576:Nanlinglambda
1573:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1515:Presbytherium
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1488:Procoryphodon
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1426:Hypsilolambda
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1410:Bemalambdidae
1407:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1392:Ignatiolambda
1389:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1369:Barylambdidae
1366:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1344:Celaenolambda
1341:
1339:
1338:
1337:Archaeolambda
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
995:
993:
987:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
941:
935:
931:
930:
924:
913:
909:
905:
904:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
874:
862:
855:
851:
850:Osborn, H. F.
847:
835:
831:
827:
825:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
796:(4): 362–72.
795:
791:
786:
775:
773:9780231504614
769:
765:
764:
759:
755:
743:
739:
732:
727:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
687:
683:
676:
671:
670:
657:
651:
644:(2): 153-170.
643:
639:
635:
628:
626:
619:, p. 276
618:
613:
607:, p. 312
606:
601:
595:, p. 213
594:
589:
583:, p. 265
582:
577:
571:, p. 118
570:
565:
558:
553:
537:
531:
529:
521:
517:
516:
510:
506:
499:
497:
496:
491:
490:
485:
484:
479:
478:
473:
472:
467:
463:
452:
450:
446:
442:
441:
436:
435:
430:
429:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:pantolambdids
399:
397:
396:
387:
386:
381:
379:
373:
369:
367:
366:Middle Eocene
363:
359:
355:
344:
343:
341:
338:
334:
328:
323:
322:
321:Procoryphodon
317:
314:
309:
308:
303:
300:
295:
294:
289:
286:
281:
280:
275:
272:
267:
266:
261:
258:
252:
248:
247:
242:
239:
234:
233:
228:
227:
225:
220:
216:
211:
205:
202:
201:
197:
192:
186:
184:Superfamily:
183:
182:
179:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
124:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1666:
1617:Pastoralodon
1615:
1608:
1601:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1547:
1540:
1533:
1513:
1506:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1424:
1417:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1356:
1351:Guichilambda
1349:
1342:
1335:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1258:
1155:
1072:. Retrieved
1067:
1063:
1044:. Retrieved
1039:
1035:
1016:. Retrieved
1004:
1000:
991:
952:
948:
928:
915:. Retrieved
902:
881:
877:
865:. Retrieved
860:
838:. Retrieved
833:
829:
823:
818:Marsh, O. C.
793:
789:
777:. Retrieved
762:
746:. Retrieved
741:
737:
718:. Retrieved
713:
709:
690:. Retrieved
685:
681:
650:cite journal
641:
637:
612:
600:
588:
576:
564:
552:
540:. Retrieved
514:
509:
493:
487:
481:
475:
469:
458:
455:Paleobiology
448:
444:
438:
432:
426:
422:
418:
410:
406:
400:
393:
391:
383:
378:Gobiatherium
376:
353:
352:
319:
305:
291:
277:
263:
244:
230:
209:
190:
109:
18:
1549:Pantolambda
1535:Caenolambda
1460:Eudinoceras
1399:Leptolambda
1385:Haplolambda
1358:Tingolambda
1042:(3): 258–80
878:Eudinoceras
702:Cope, E. D.
688:(4): 302–14
449:Eudinoceras
415:bilophodont
327:Flerow 1957
271:Osborn 1924
265:Eudinoceras
196:Simons 1960
1758:Pantodonts
1752:Categories
1603:Altilambda
1453:Coryphodon
1419:Bemalambda
1378:Barylambda
1317:Titanoides
1282:Pantodonta
1260:Pantodonta
1239:see below↓
1230:Pantodonta
1149:Subclass:
1115:Pantodonta
992:Coryphodon
939:0801884721
824:Coryphodon
744:(2): 73–81
666:References
593:Lucas 2001
462:polygynous
445:Coryphodon
423:Coryphodon
419:Coryphodon
411:Coryphodon
407:Coryphodon
395:Coryphodon
246:Coryphodon
215:Marsh 1876
178:Pantodonta
110:Coryphodon
1682:Q15728803
1310:Harpyodus
1303:Crustulus
1131:Kingdom:
1013:742731820
912:727240564
890:2246/3225
569:Rose 2006
358:pantodont
257:Owen 1845
141:Kingdom:
135:Eukaryota
112:skeleton
1676:Wikidata
1569:Dilambda
1218:Eutheria
1203:Eutheria
1191:Mammalia
1176:Mammalia
1160:Eutheria
1145:Mammalia
1139:Chordata
1137:Phylum:
1133:Animalia
1070:: 185–93
988:(1995).
900:(1845).
898:Owen, R.
836:: 425–28
820:(1876).
760:(2001).
704:(1873).
337:Synonyms
203:Family:
165:Mammalia
155:Chordata
151:Phylum:
145:Animalia
131:Domain:
1709:3239950
1696:4527895
1143:Class:
1074:20 July
1046:20 July
1018:20 July
977:1891164
969:1005810
917:20 July
884:(145).
867:20 July
840:20 July
810:4523161
779:20 July
748:20 July
720:20 July
716:: 38–74
692:20 July
542:20 July
518:in the
364:to the
238:Xu 1976
222:Genera
171:Order:
161:Class:
1722:102491
1151:Theria
1011:
975:
967:
936:
910:
808:
770:
1735:40573
1717:IRMNG
1156:Clade
1060:(PDF)
1032:(PDF)
997:(PDF)
965:JSTOR
863:(552)
857:(PDF)
826:uhen"
806:JSTOR
734:(PDF)
678:(PDF)
502:Notes
466:molar
413:have
380:major
1704:GBIF
1216:see
1189:see
1076:2013
1048:2013
1020:2013
1009:OCLC
973:OCLC
934:ISBN
919:2013
908:OCLC
869:2013
842:2013
781:2013
768:ISBN
750:2013
722:2013
694:2013
656:link
544:2013
486:and
474:and
447:and
431:and
251:type
35:PreꞒ
1691:EoL
957:doi
886:hdl
798:doi
405:.
1754::
1732::
1719::
1706::
1693::
1678::
1158::
1068:14
1062:.
1040:50
1034:.
1005:29
1003:.
999:.
971:.
963:.
953:50
951:.
859:.
832:.
828:.
804:.
792:.
740:.
736:.
714:13
712:.
708:.
686:20
680:.
652:}}
648:{{
642:52
640:.
636:.
624:^
527:^
451:.
85:Pg
1107:e
1100:t
1093:v
1078:.
1050:.
1022:.
979:.
959::
942:.
921:.
892:.
888::
871:.
844:.
834:3
812:.
800::
794:7
783:.
752:.
742:1
724:.
696:.
658:)
546:.
318:†
304:†
290:†
276:†
262:†
253:)
249:(
243:†
229:†
207:†
188:†
175:†
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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