314:
34:
206:; they are often similar in appearance to bulbs externally, and thus erroneously called bulbs. Corms are stems that are internally structured with solid tissues, which distinguishes them from bulbs, which are mostly made up of layered fleshy scales that are modified leaves. As a result, a corm cut in half appears solid inside, but a true bulb cut in half reveals that it is made up of layers. Corms are structurally plant stems, with nodes and internodes with buds and produce
98:
1983:
129:
114:
235:, from the basal areas of the new growing corms, especially when the main growing point is damaged. These propagate corm-forming plants. A number of species replace corms every year by growing a new corm. This process starts after the shoot develops fully expanded leaves. The new corm forms at the shoot base just above the old corm. As the new corm grows, short
214:
298:
that form as the new corms are growing. They pull the corm deeper into the soil. In some species contractile roots are produced in response to fluctuating soil temperatures and light levels. In such species, once the corm is deep enough within the soil where the temperature is more uniform and there
182:
Long-lived cormous plants vary in their long-term development. Some regularly replace their older corms with a stack of younger corms, increased more or less seasonally. By splitting such a stack before the older corm generations wither too badly, the horticulturist can exploit the individual corms
155:
sheaths—remnants of leaves produced in previous years. They act as a covering, protecting the corm from insects, digging animals, flooding, and water loss. The tunics of some species are thin, dry, and papery, at least in young plants, however, in some families, such as
299:
is no light, the contractile roots no longer grow and the corm is no longer pulled deeper into the soil. In some other species, contractile roots seem to be a defence against digging animals and can bury the corm surprisingly deeply over the years.
239:
appear that end with the newly growing small cormels. As the plants grow and flower, they use up the old corm, which shrivels away. The new corm that replaces the old corm grows in size, especially after flowering ends.
293:
Those growing from the bottom of the corm are normal fibrous roots formed as the shoots grow, and are produced from the basal area at the bottom of the corm. The second type are thicker layered roots called
194:). Plants with corms generally can be propagated by cutting the corms into sections and replanting. Suitably treated, each section with at least one bud usually can generate a new corm.
243:
The old corm produces the greatest number of cormels when close to the soil surface. Small cormels normally take one or two more years of growth before they are large enough to flower.
1813:
1818:
272:, genera that are vulnerable to such animals, are probably the ones that produce cormels in the greatest numbers and most widely distributed over the plant.
258:. Such animals eat through protective tunics, but they generally miss several cormels that remain in the soil to replace the consumed plant. Plants such as
166:
accumulate thick, rot-resistant tunics over a period of years, producing a structure of tough, reticulated fibre. Other species, such as many in the genus
1951:
295:
183:
for propagation. Other species seldom do anything of that kind; their corms simply grow larger in most seasons. Yet others split when multiple buds or
1869:
139:
emerging through the tunic. The stolons originate at the axillary buds of the corm scales, and generally produce new corms at their tips
1685:
246:
Cormels do have a reproductive function, but in the wild they also are important as a survival strategy. In most places where
711:
637:
629:
1875:
661:
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2012:
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are common, so are animals that feed on them, whether from above like pigs, or from below like bulb weevils,
1859:
1446:
961:
210:
roots. On the top of the corm, one or a few buds grow into shoots that produce normal leaves and flowers.
2007:
1941:
1695:
727:
305:
is one example of a small plant that can be challenging to dig unharmed out of a hard, clayey hillside.
1675:
160:, the tunic of a mature corm can be formidable protection. For example, some of the larger species of
1825:
67:
that some plants use to survive winter or other adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat (
1963:
1808:
858:
2017:
1793:
1717:
1522:
313:
1958:
351:
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20:
1680:
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1204:
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378:
1180:
8:
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with at least one growing point, generally with protective leaves modified into skins or
124:
of storage tissue, central medulla, and emergence of a new corm from a bud near the top.
1788:
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Corms can be dug up and used to propagate or redistribute the plant (see, for example,
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corm with the tunic partly stripped to show its origin at the nodes on the corm
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cells, rich in starch, above a circular basal node from which roots grow.
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corm, showing the formation of small cormels at the ends of short stolons
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species produce bunches of cormels on underground stem nodes, and
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usually means plants that grow from corms, parallel to the terms
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for example actually produces cormels profusely from under
203:
191:
91:
37:
27:
1539:
1101:
748:
187:
on a large corm sprout independently, forming a tussock.
213:
624:Pate, John; Dixon, Kingsley; Pate, J. S. (1982).
1999:
390:spp. (malanga, cocoyam, tannia, and other names)
654:The Genera of Southern African Flowering Plants
728:"Musa in Flora of North America @ efloras.org"
175:Internally, a typical corm mostly consists of
764:
1870:International Association for Plant Taxonomy
326:Cultivated plants that form corms include:
771:
757:
231:Corms can form many small cormlets called
59:is a short, vertical, swollen underground
693:
691:
1814:International Code of Nomenclature (ICN)
312:
212:
127:
112:
96:
32:
697:
202:Corms are sometimes confused with true
2000:
688:
197:
151:. The tunic of a corm forms from dead
752:
630:University of Western Australia Press
172:, have tunics of hard, woody layers.
626:Tuberous, Cormous and Bulbous Plants
646:
13:
14:
2029:
1819:ICN for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP)
1982:
1981:
86:to describe plants growing from
308:
143:A corm consists of one or more
720:
675:"Bulbs and More - Bulb Basics"
667:
617:
1:
610:
120:corm anatomy, showing tunic,
1860:History of plant systematics
1447:Thorns, spines, and prickles
7:
588:
340:spp. (arrowhead or wapatoo)
10:
2034:
1676:Alternation of generations
778:
226:
25:
18:
1977:
1925:
1889:
1826:Cultivated plant taxonomy
1789:Biological classification
1779:
1652:
1568:
1464:
1414:
1139:
1069:
1012:
974:
948:
884:
804:
786:
1686:Evolutionary development
477:(Chinese water chestnut)
26:Not to be confused with
1337:Hypanthium (Floral cup)
677:. urbanext.illinois.edu
1952:by author abbreviation
1876:Plant taxonomy systems
1794:Botanical nomenclature
698:Manning, John (2008).
323:
223:
140:
125:
110:
45:
16:Underground plant stem
2013:Plant stem morphology
1959:Botanical expeditions
700:Field Guide to Fynbos
352:Alocasia macrorrhizos
320:Alocasia macrorrhizos
316:
216:
131:
116:
100:
36:
21:Corm (disambiguation)
1691:Evolutionary history
1681:Double fertilization
1533:Cellular respiration
379:Cyrtosperma merkusii
40:corms for sale in a
19:For other uses, see
910:Non-vascular plants
367:Colocasia esculenta
198:Comparison to bulbs
2008:Plant reproduction
1415:Surface structures
1210:Flower development
382:(giant swamp taro)
324:
224:
141:
126:
111:
46:
1995:
1994:
1634:Herbaceous plants
1460:
1459:
713:978-1-77007-265-7
704:Struik Publishers
639:978-0-85564-201-3
474:Eleocharis dulcis
302:Wurmbea marginata
296:contractile roots
63:that serves as a
2025:
1985:
1984:
1964:Individual trees
1639:Secondary growth
1610:Succulent plants
1598:Prostrate shrubs
1481:Apical dominance
1466:Plant physiology
1427:Epicuticular wax
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956:Plant morphology
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652:Dyer, R. Allen,
650:
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621:
538:Some species of
504:, including the
279:Watsonia meriana
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2028:
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2023:
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1998:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1973:
1942:Botanical terms
1935:
1921:
1885:
1831:Citrus taxonomy
1809:Author citation
1775:
1669:
1648:
1570:
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1560:Turgor pressure
1468:
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1410:
1225:Floral symmetry
1143:
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1065:
1054:Vascular bundle
1049:Vascular tissue
1008:
968:
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915:Vascular plants
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876:Plant pathology
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732:www.efloras.org
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1781:Plant taxonomy
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1144:(incl. Flower)
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288:inflorescences
256:pocket gophers
228:
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15:
9:
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4:
3:
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2019:
2018:Garden plants
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1912:Horticulture
1902:Floriculture
1804:Correct name
1654:Reproduction
1644:Woody plants
1569:Plant growth
1528:Gas Exchange
1513:Phytomelanin
1391:Plant embryo
1141:Reproductive
989:Phragmoplast
735:. Retrieved
731:
722:
699:
679:. Retrieved
669:
653:
648:
625:
619:
582:spp. (enset)
577:
569:
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452:Colchicaceae
442:
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396:Asparagaceae
385:
377:
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355:(giant taro)
350:
335:
331:Alismataceae
325:
318:
309:Corms plants
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47:
1728:Pollen tube
1723:Pollinators
1713:Pollination
1708:Germination
1523:Respiration
1506:Chlorophyll
1352:Pedicellate
1286:Gametophyte
1205:Aestivation
1156:Antheridium
1151:Archegonium
999:Plasmodesma
976:Plant cells
839:Paleobotany
834:Ethnobotany
819:Astrobotany
430:Tecophilaea
169:Lapeirousia
69:perennation
53:bulbo-tuber
2002:Categories
1750:Microspore
1740:Sporangium
1718:Artificial
1406:Sporophyte
1401:Sporophyll
1396:Receptacle
1291:Gynandrium
1161:Androecium
1070:Vegetative
940:Angiosperm
935:Gymnosperm
829:Dendrology
681:2009-12-25
611:References
495:Montbretia
468:Cyperaceae
438:Asteraceae
387:Xanthosoma
337:Sagittaria
177:parenchyma
145:internodes
135:corm with
61:plant stem
57:bulbotuber
1947:Botanists
1865:Herbarium
1762:Megaspore
1660:Evolution
1603:Subshrubs
1571:and habit
1496:Nutrition
1491:Cellulose
1486:Bulk flow
1469:Materials
1432:Epidermis
1296:Gynoecium
1277:Endosperm
1272:Dispersal
1188:Staminode
1124:Sessility
1112:Cataphyll
1032:Mesophyll
984:Cell wall
925:Lycophyte
905:Bryophyte
859:Geobotany
844:Phycology
628:. Perth:
533:Gladiolus
489:Crocosmia
483:Iridaceae
460:Colchicum
270:Gladiolus
252:mole rats
248:geophytes
219:Gladiolus
158:Iridaceae
133:Crocosmia
118:Crocosmia
103:Crocosmia
74:The word
1987:Category
1907:Forestry
1897:Agronomy
1890:Practice
1841:Cultivar
1836:Cultigen
1696:timeline
1588:Rosettes
1476:Aleurone
1452:Trichome
1369:Perianth
1181:Filament
1039:Meristem
962:glossary
824:Bryology
589:See also
561:Musaceae
508:crocus (
502:Crocuses
409:Brodiaea
360:Arisaema
317:Corm on
266:Watsonia
163:Watsonia
80:tuberous
1665:Ecology
1422:Cuticle
1252:Capsule
1242:Anatomy
1193:Tapetum
1117:Petiole
1092:Rhizome
1087:Rhizoid
1014:Tissues
1004:Vacuole
994:Plastid
796:Outline
791:History
737:8 April
595:Rhizome
566:Bananas
553:Romulea
526:Freesia
519:Dierama
506:saffron
444:Liatris
402:Bessera
346:Araceae
286:on the
274:Homeria
261:Homeria
237:stolons
233:cormels
227:Cormels
185:stolons
153:petiole
137:stolons
108:cortex.
84:bulbous
76:cormous
42:RĂ©union
1969:Plants
1872:(IAPT)
1625:Lianas
1593:Shrubs
1545:Starch
1437:Nectar
1357:Raceme
1323:Stigma
1311:Locule
1301:Carpel
1262:Pyrena
1200:Flower
1176:Anther
1171:Stamen
1166:Pollen
888:groups
780:Botany
710:
664:, 1975
660:
636:
579:Ensete
540:irises
511:Crocus
284:bracts
149:tunics
122:cortex
88:tubers
44:market
1929:Lists
1846:Group
1769:Spore
1703:Flora
1620:Vines
1615:Trees
1578:Habit
1550:Sugar
1442:Stoma
1384:Sepal
1379:Petal
1374:Tepal
1362:Umbel
1347:Bract
1328:Style
1316:Ovule
1306:Ovary
1247:Berry
1237:Fruit
1230:Whorl
1097:Shoot
895:Algae
886:Plant
605:Tuber
574:spp.)
548:spp.)
514:spp.)
423:Milla
254:, or
204:bulbs
92:bulbs
55:, or
1851:Grex
1733:Self
1267:Seed
1129:Stem
1107:Leaf
1082:Root
1077:Bulb
1061:Wood
1022:Cork
920:Fern
739:2018
708:ISBN
658:ISBN
634:ISBN
571:Musa
545:Iris
372:taro
268:and
192:taro
90:and
82:and
49:Corm
38:Taro
28:Corn
1540:Sap
1257:Nut
1102:Bud
71:).
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
