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through the use of reflective aggregates, advanced binders, and surface coatings. Reflective aggregates like quartz, limestone, or granite are chosen for their high reflectivity, improving the pavement's ability to reflect sunlight. Advances in binder technology have introduced eco-friendly options
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out of the atmosphere. Increasing albedo reduces heat transfer to the surface and can hypothetically cause local cooling if the spatial scale of the albedo reduction is sufficiently large. The EPA reports "that if pavement reflectance throughout a city were increased from 10 to 35 percent, the air
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When it comes to maintaining and prolonging the life of cool pavements, an efficient and accurate design and diligent construction methods are vital. In addition, cool pavements are built using pores or holed that are open which makes them permeable pavements. Due to this reason, maintaining cool
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pavements requires sweeping and blowing to keep the sediments off the surface. It is also important to have a proper drain system and water run-off sections to the side of the road so that when water carrying debris can properly drain away and not stagnate and damage the pavement.
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According to a study done by the
Arizona State University’s Global Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, the surface temperatures of cool pavements range from 9°F to 16°F lower than the surface temperatures of asphalt concrete (during mid-day hours).
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Energy usage is reduced as local temperatures are cooled. Lower temperatures allow air conditioners to cool buildings with less energy. Temperature reductions attributed to increased pavement albedo in Los
Angeles resulted in over $ 90 million per year in
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A potential issue can be higher energy usage by nearby buildings, however this would depend on the material the buildings are made of. As glass buildings themselves reflect heat whilst concrete buildings absorb
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These material choices in cool pavements significantly raise their albedo, contributing to cooler surfaces and mitigating urban heat islands, emphasizing sustainability in urban development.
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Gilbert, Haley E.; Rosado, Pablo J.; Ban-Weiss, George; Harvey, John T.; Li, Hui; Mandel, Benjamin H.; Millstein, Dev; Mohegh, Arash; Saboori, Arash; Levinson, Ronnen M. (2017-12-15).
376:. In 2007, Surabi Menon and Hashem Akbari estimated that an increase of global pavement albedo of 35 to 39 percent could reduce carbon dioxide emissions worth about $ 400 billion.
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In concrete pavements, the use of white cement or light-colored slag further increases reflectivity. White cement, lacking the iron and manganese oxides of traditional
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There is a higher initial cost in building cool pavements compared to traditional pavements which needs to be taken into consideration before widespread adoption.
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Los
Angeles, Phoenix, and Tokyo have experimented with cool pavements. Los Angeles, for example, has laid out 181 lane-miles of solar-reflective coating.
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Lower surface temperatures lead to a decrease in the temperature of runoff water, which benefits the wildlife in the waters where the stormwater flows.
87:
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341:, a byproduct of iron and steel production, when integrated into concrete, improves reflectivity, structural integrity and environmental durability.
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such as tree resin, which lowers surface temperature by reflecting more sunlight and offers a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based bitumen.
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is a road surface that uses additives to reflect solar radiation unlike conventional dark pavement. Conventional dark pavements contribute to
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Increased permeability leads to a decrease in water runoff, a decrease in standing water on roads (which increases tire traction and safety)
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Some cool pavements can degrade faster than traditional pavements due to the coating used being not as durable as asphalt or concrete.
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A decrease in air temperature also leads to more pleasant conditions for pedestrians and a decrease in heat-related illnesses.
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and air pollution (dependent on electric power fuel mix). Lower temperatures would also slow chemical reactions that create
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temperature could potentially be reduced by 1°F (0.6°C)." Existing dark pavement can be altered to increase albedo through
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450:. Cool pavement reflects much more light into the eyes of drivers, thus having the potential to temporarily blind them.
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as they absorb 80–95% of sunlight and warm the local air. Cool pavements are made with different materials to increase
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or by adding reflective coats and seals. New pavement can be constructed to increase albedo by using modified mixes,
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Cool pavement also increases night time safety by increasing the visibility of headlights and other cars.
797:"Project: City of Phoenix Cool Pavement Pilot Program | Rob and Melani Walton Sustainability Solutions"
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Increased visibility at night reduces the need for streetlights (and may negate it in some situations).
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Cool pavements would deviate from the traditional look of pavements found in urban environments.
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Increased permeability on the roads lead to a decrease in tire noise by up to eight decibels.
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289:'s Heat Island Group has converted a portion of a parking lot into a cool pavement exhibit.
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Anupam, B. R.; Sahoo, Umesh
Chandra; Chandrappa, Anush K.; Rath, Prasenjit (2021-09-13).
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911:"As heat waves increase, Los Angeles is coating some streets with 'cool pavement'"
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939:"Operation and maintenance of permeable pavement - Minnesota Stormwater Manual"
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702:"Cool Communities: Strategies for Heat Islands Mitigation and Smog Reduction"
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609:. In: Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies. Draft. .
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639:"Energy and environmental consequences of a cool pavement campaign"
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Rosenfeld, Arthur; Menon, Surabi; Akbari, Hashem (2008-06-20).
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Rosenfeld, A.H.; Romm, J.J.; Akbari, H.; Pomerantz, M. (1998).
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733:"Global Cooling: Effect of Urban Albedo on Global Temperature"
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The composition of cool pavements is engineered to enhance
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Cool pavement costs vary as a result of numerous factors:
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848:"Emerging technologies in cool pavements: A review"
192:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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337:, enhances sunlight reflection. Light-colored
823:"Using Cool Pavements to Reduce Heat Islands"
605:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2012. "
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
270:Learn how and when to remove this message
252:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
621:"Cool Pavements Research and Technology"
368:A reduction in energy usage would lower
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86:Please improve this article by adding
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479:Considerable variation in unit price.
380:Improvement in pedestrian experience.
287:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
773:"Cool Pavements | Heat Island Group"
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677:"Cool Pavements | Heat Island Group"
619:Levine, Kendra (September 1, 2011).
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190:adding citations to reliable sources
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852:Construction and Building Materials
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531:Prolonging life of cool pavements.
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864:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123892
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34:This article has multiple issues.
508:The desired life of the pavement
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177:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
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584:Berkeley Lab Heat Island Group
580:"Cool Pavements - Heat Island"
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395:Improved environmental impact.
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718:10.1016/S0378-7788(97)00063-7
655:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.03.051
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88:secondary or tertiary sources
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414:Decrease in noise pollution.
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388:Lower surface temperatures.
366:Improvement in air quality.
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317:, and vegetated pavements.
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943:stormwater.pca.state.mn.us
885:US EPA, OAR (2014-06-23).
821:US EPA, OAR (2014-06-17).
359:Reduction in energy usage.
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467:Aesthetic considerations.
887:"Heat Island Compendium"
422:Increased reflectivity.
403:Increased permeability.
354:Lower air temperatures.
16:Reflective road surface
748:Cite journal requires
433:Improvement in safety.
408:Improvement in safety.
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75:relies excessively on
304:, thereby reflecting
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706:Energy and Buildings
643:Energy and Buildings
370:greenhouse emissions
186:improve this article
484:Geographical region
427:Lower energy usage.
315:permeable pavements
306:shortwave radiation
777:heatisland.lbl.gov
681:heatisland.lbl.gov
550:Permeable pavement
496:Site accessibility
460:High energy usage.
298:urban heat islands
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915:Los Angeles Times
490:Labor contractors
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946:. Retrieved
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917:. 2023-09-08
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555:Solar mirror
545:Whitetopping
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502:Project size
493:Time of year
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242:January 2018
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184:Please help
179:verification
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140:January 2018
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36:Please help
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891:www.epa.gov
827:www.epa.gov
525:Maintenance
454:Durability.
321:Composition
948:2024-04-18
921:2024-04-12
896:2024-04-12
858:: 123892.
832:2024-04-12
802:2024-04-12
782:2024-04-12
686:2024-04-13
589:2017-11-18
561:References
448:Brightness
212:newspapers
110:newspapers
77:references
39:improve it
969:Pavements
872:0950-0618
712:: 51–62.
663:0378-7788
649:: 53–77.
442:Drawbacks
45:talk page
963:Category
539:See also
362:savings.
348:Benefits
226:scholar
124:scholar
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515:Cities
327:albedo
302:albedo
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624:(PDF)
473:Cost.
463:heat.
233:JSTOR
219:books
131:JSTOR
117:books
868:ISSN
754:help
659:ISSN
374:smog
339:slag
205:news
103:news
860:doi
856:299
714:doi
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647:157
188:by
79:to
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