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773:(also called: static-passive stretching; assisted relaxed stretching) - 1. A static stretch (See: "static stretching") in which an external force (such as the floor or another person) holds the performer in the static position. 2. The practice of having a relaxed limb moved beyond its normal range of motion with the assistance of a partner. In "active stretching", in contrast, the limb is extended to its maximum range using only the muscles of that limb.
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391:. However, as long as the joint socket is the right shape, most extreme bends can be achieved without dislocating the joint. Actual dislocations are rarely used during athletic contortion acts since they make the joint more unstable and prone to injury, and a dislocated limb cannot lift itself or support any weight.
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sport for one woman (or 5 women in group competition) consisting of a balletic floor exercise which demonstrates leaps, turns, balance and flexibility while moving and tossing hand-held apparatus: a ball, a rope, a hoop, two clubs, or a ribbon. Men's rhythmic gymnastics currently exists in Japan, and
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or toe shoes) to dance en pointe (on their toes). The arch of the top of the foot is at its maximum when the dancer "pushes over", causing the heel of the foot to be almost directly over the toes. Difficult and often painful to learn, both men and women may benefit from studying pointe technique;
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in which the top of the performer's head touches the buttocks; usually in a handstand or chest stand. Sometimes, a more extreme variation is done where the buttocks are positioned past the performer's head, while the lower back is on top of the head; this requires much more neck
690:- 1. To injure a joint by temporarily forcing the bone out of its normal socket. 2. In men's gymnastics, a rotating of the shoulders when performing a backwards turn on the still rings. Many skills in acrobatics appear to involve dislocating a joint, when they actually do not.
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skills such as touching one's head to one's feet, or all the way to the buttocks (called a head-seat), while standing, lying on the floor, or in a handstand. A Marinelli bend is a backbend while supported only by a grip at the top of a short post that is held in the
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Many factors affect the flexibility of performers including age, genetics, stature, and adherence to rigorous physical training routines. Most contortionists are generally categorized as "frontbenders" or "backbenders", depending on the direction in which their
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acts, street performers and other live performing arts. Contortion acts are typically performed in front of a live audience. An act will showcase one or more artists performing a choreographed set of moves or poses, often to music, which require extreme
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act) - Circus act in which a contortionist, dressed in a loose-fitting clown costume, gives the appearance of being a limp, life-sized doll, as one or two assistants bend, roll, carry and pose the "doll" and then stuff him/her into a small
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however, most performance opportunities are for women only. Children do not begin to study pointe until they have years of experience and sufficient ankle strength, as well as being old enough to ensure that their bones are strong enough.
384:. In addition, contortion photos and digital movie clips are traded by fans on the Internet, and several web sites provide original photos of contortion acts for a monthly fee, or sell videotapes of performances through the mail.
767:(also called: hypersplit) - Any split in which the angle formed by the legs measures greater than 180 degrees. It can be done to the front with either or both legs elevated, or in a straddle split with one or both legs elevated.
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act, one or two assistants bend, shake and carry the contortionist in such a way as to create the illusion that the disguised performer is actually a limp, life-sized doll. The act often ends by stuffing the doll into a small
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Twisting split - An exercise in which the performer changes from a split with the left leg forward, to a straddle split, and then to a split with the right leg forward, by rotating the legs, and without using the hands for
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would incorporate contortion into their movement. The success of these dances then encouraged the act to expand into other forms of performance. Contortion also found similarities and expressions in the Hindu doctrine of
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Contortion acts are highly variable; many incorporate elements of humor, drama, shock, sensuality, or a blend of styles. Contortion may be incorporated into other types of performance, such as dance and theater.
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Hairpin - A pose in which one kneels down, sits on top of the feet, and bends backwards until the top of the head comes into contact with the tailbone; it may also done with a starting position on hands and
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Enterology is the practice of squeezing one's body into a small, knee-high box or other contained space which initially appears to audiences as being too small to contain the performer. Also known as ‘body
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in which one leg is extended frontward and the other leg is extended backward, both at right angles to the trunk. Ideally, the hips are square facing to the front, while both legs are turned out from the
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joints are sometimes performed as a short novelty act by itself. One example is lifting the arm to the side until it passes behind the head and lies across the top of the shoulders; also referred to as
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Tortoise position (also called: pancake) - A seated forward bend with the chest against the floor between the legs; the outstretched arms are also against the floor and underneath the knees.
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Needle scale - A front split while standing on the forward foot, with the torso bent downward with the hands touching the floor, while the rear leg is extended vertically toward the ceiling.
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Hahn F, Kissling R, Weishaupt D, Boos N (July 2006). "The extremes of spinal motion: a kinematic study of a contortionist in an open-configuration magnetic resonance scanner: case report".
186:. The physical flexibility required to perform such acts greatly exceeds that of the general population. It is the dramatic feats of seemingly inhuman flexibility that captivate audiences.
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Some loose-jointed people are able to pop a joint out of its socket without pain, thereby making it difficult to determine if a joint is dislocated without medical examination such as an
813:) - Circus act in which an acrobat (usually female) performs exercises high above the floor while holding on to a long, vertically suspended rope, or hanging from a loop in the rope.
232:(a split of more than 180 degrees) may be included in frontbending or backbending acts. An oversplit may be performed while the feet are supported by two chairs or by two assistants.
828:(also called: side split; box split; Chinese split; cut split) - A split in which the legs are extended to the left and right, until a 180 degree angle between the legs is reached.
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Box act (also called: body packing; enterology; packanatomicalization) - Circus act in which a contortionist squeezes his/her body into a small box or transparent container.
678:(backfold) - Any pose with an unusual degree of backward bending at the waist and/or any portion of spine while standing, kneeling, resting on the floor, or while suspended.
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Triple fold - A chest stand (see: "chest stand") in which the knees come all the way over to touch the floor, and the shins lie flat on the floor creating three 'layers'.
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skills such as folding forward at the waist with the legs straight, or placing one or both legs behind the neck or shoulders with the knees bent (called a human knot).
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A medical publication from 2008 suggests that long-term damage to the spine, is common in long-term contortion practitioners. A study of five practitioners using
697:, who supposedly assumed this pose during his years of penance: to stand on one foot with the other leg lifted in front and placed behind the neck or shoulders.
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contortion. The recognition of these similarities in various practices and thoughts brought contortion into more clear and explicit light. For those in the
447:, used to dazzle the audience with the unusual shapes built before them. According to Chinese historical records, early contortionism originated in
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In the past, contortionists were associated almost exclusively with circuses and fairs. More recently they have also been found performing in
822:(also called: the splits) - Any pose in which the legs are extended in opposite directions such that the angle of the legs is 180 degrees.
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act is an acrobatic dance in which one partner lifts and carries the other partner as she/he performs splits and other flexible poses.
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726:- Any pose that features an unusual degree of frontward bending of the waist and/or spine, either with the legs together or parted.
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A contortionist may perform alone or may have one or two assistants, or up to four contortionists may perform together as a group.
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Leg shouldering - A standing split in which the leg touches the shoulder. Can be done to the front, side, or rear.
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were
American contortionists most famous for their musical rendition of 'Solid Potato Salad' in the 1944 movie
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Scale - In acrobatics, when the leg is raised toward the back and may be held with one hand while standing.
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Chest stand - Any backbending pose in which the performer's chest is resting on the floor for support.
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Female contortionist shooting a bow and arrow with her feet, 4th century BC, Ancient Greece
Ceramic
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720:- Any inverted pose in which the performer uses only the forearms on the floor for support.
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Peoples RR, Perkins TG, Powell JW, Hanson EH, Snyder TH, Mueller TL, Orrison WW (2008).
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showcase their skills of extreme physical flexibility. Contortion acts often accompany
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Contortionists might manipulate props during their performance, for instance spinning
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Pike - To be bend forward at the waist with the legs and trunk kept straight.
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performer who played the banjo whilst in a series of contorted positions.
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Durvasa's pose or crane pose - Named for the mythological Indian sage,
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is most flexible. Relatively few performers are equally adept at both.
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613:– American actress and contortionist who used contortion when playing
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Hussein Yoga performing a combination of a cheststand and dislocation
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782:- In classical ballet, when a dancer uses special shoes (called
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801:(also called: rhythmic sportive gymnastics (RSG); rhythmics) -
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This article is about the performance art. For other uses, see
953:"10 Incredible And Shocking Sideshow Performers From The Past"
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890:"Everything You Need To Know Before Booking A Contortionist"
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Performance art using skills of extreme physical flexibility
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638:– Trio of sisters who were singers, dancers, and acrobats
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1047:"Notes on the Voluntary Dislocations of a Contortionist"
74:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
169:) is a performance art in which performers called
37:"Contortionist" redirects here. For the band, see
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443:, contortion is typically performed as a feat of
361:, in magazine advertisements, at trade shows, on
158:Contortionist Maria Efremkina performing in 2010.
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407:The primary origins of contortion take place in
303:This man in a trunk is an example of enterology.
287:. Three of the five practitioners also reported
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1122:. Contortionists. Vol. II. Europa Verlag
1104:. Contortionists. Vol. I. Europa Verlag
632:– Russian contortionist and circus performer
208:Skills performed by contortionists include:
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548:– Australian contortionist who appeared on
327:Contortion positions can be performed on a
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528:, "the most extraordinary Posture Master"
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
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578:– British contortionist who appeared on
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1016:10.1097/01.brs.0000225983.44327.b1
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536:- YouTuber, Canadian Contortionist
524:Line engraving of Joseph Clark of
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732:(also called: stride split) - A
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455:(1045-771 BC), which matured in
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888:Patterson, Alice (2020-01-22).
657:contortionist and escape artist
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59:needs additional citations for
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624:A Series of Unfortunate Events
469:List of notable contortionists
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559:– American contortionist and
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1141:The contortionist's handbook
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790:Rag doll act (also called:
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150:Contortionist performing
1146:The Contortion Homepage
1116:Louis, Michel (1974b).
1098:Louis, Michel (1974a).
809:Rope act (also called:
646:Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
595:– Russian contortionist
1395:Cigar box manipulation
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570:America's Got Talent
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68:improve this article
1477:Equestrian vaulting
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1382:manipulation
1365:Trick riding
1288:Hand to hand
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749:flexibility.
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534:Anna McNulty
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66:Please help
61:verification
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1603:Flea circus
1557:Target girl
1513:Lion taming
1487:Teeterboard
1452:Firewalking
1447:Fire eating
1338:Spanish web
1328:Slacklining
1318:Russian bar
1268:Corde lisse
1258:Cloud swing
1233:Aerial silk
1228:Aerial hoop
1218:Acrobalance
811:Spanish web
730:Front split
718:Elbow stand
711:acro dancer
707:elbow stand
655:dime museum
587:Takako Fuji
557:Sofie Dossi
459:(581–618).
457:Sui Dynasty
424:Cham dances
329:Spanish web
219:Backbending
184:flexibility
165:(sometimes
18:Contortions
1654:Contortion
1648:Categories
1588:Roustabout
1547:Ringmaster
1492:Trampoline
1263:Contortion
1210:contortion
1200:Acrobatics
1126:2024-08-06
1108:2024-08-06
988:2017-10-03
963:2020-01-24
899:2020-01-24
875:References
599:Doug Jones
509:March 2024
462:See also:
445:acrobatics
433:meditation
363:television
355:nightclubs
336:hula hoops
230:oversplits
194:See also:
175:acrobatics
163:Contortion
94:newspapers
1552:Strongman
1542:Puppeteer
1343:Tightrope
1333:Slackwire
1283:Hair hang
1278:Cyr wheel
792:golliwogg
765:Oversplit
724:Frontbend
688:Dislocate
565:season 11
501:talk page
321:golliwogg
289:back pain
244:shoulders
236:packing’.
1623:Category
1598:Sideshow
1469:Vaulting
1415:Twirling
1390:Bullwhip
1375:Juggling
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1024:16845345
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843:See also
838:support.
746:backbend
676:Backbend
662:Glossary
561:YouTuber
464:Glossary
421:Buddhist
417:Mongolia
344:sideshow
196:Glossary
1633:Commons
1593:Showman
1571:Related
1405:Diabolo
1348:Trapeze
1205:balance
1092:Sources
1072:2371707
803:Olympic
695:Durvasa
619:Netflix
615:Colette
451:during
395:History
242:of the
108:scholar
1380:object
1358:Static
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190:Skills
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1501:Other
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1028:S2CID
1004:Spine
820:Split
737:hips.
734:split
449:China
413:China
409:Asian
389:X-ray
368:, in
267:Risks
203:spine
115:JSTOR
101:books
1425:Hoop
1378:and
1077:PMID
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935:PMID
869:Yoga
795:box.
429:yoga
415:and
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228:and
87:news
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