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durable." Another 2012 review of Cogmed found that many of the problem-solving or training tasks presented in Cogmed are not related to working memory, that many of the attention tasks are unrelated to ADHD, and that there is limited transfer to real-life manifestations of attention deficits, concluding "The only unequivocal statement that can be made is that Cogmed will improve performance on tasks that resemble Cogmed training."
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The largest Cogmed study to date(a randomized, controlled trial by independent researchers, including close to 600 typically developing children) found that Cogmed training led to improvements in "geometry skills, reading skills, Raven’s fluid IQ measure, the ability to inhibit prepotent impulses and
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A 2012 meta-analysis of 23 research studies on seven different commercial and non-commercial working memory training techniques (including Cogmed) found that "working memory training programs give only near-transfer effects, and there is no convincing evidence that even such near-transfer effects are
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A metanalysis published in 2023 by
European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG) suggests that Cogmed training can lead to improvement in ADHD-related attention symptoms, however the authors state that "clinical effects were limited to small, setting specific, short-term effects".
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argued that the question "does cognitive training work" is similar to asking "does medicine cure disease", and suggested that in order to determine the validity of the question, one needs to specify which type of cognitive training, for which group and for which purpose.
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In the years following, several independent research groups have published studies supporting the original findings, and showing that Cogmed improves working memory and attention in children with ADHD, children post cancer treatment, and stroke patients.
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self-regulation abilities". The study also found that, "3–4 years after the intervention, the children who received training a roughly 16 percentage points higher probability of entering the academic track in secondary school".
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Conklin, Heather M.; Ogg, Robert J.; Ashford, Jason M.; Scoggins, Matthew A.; Zou, Ping; Clark, Kellie N.; Martin-Elbahesh, Karen; Hardy, Kristina K.; Merchant, Thomas E.; Jeha, Sima; Huang, Lu (2015-11-20).
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and became a part of the
Pearson Clinical Assessment Group. Karolinska received 22 m SEK and double-digit royalties as part of the transaction. In 2019, Cogmed was transferred back to the original founders.
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133:. When the studies appeared to show that the challenges improved working memory, Klingberg founded Cogmed in 2001, with financial backing from the Karolinska Institute and venture capitalists.
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Conklin, Heather M.; Ashford, Jason M.; Clark, Kellie N.; Martin-Elbahesh, Karen; Hardy, Kristina K.; Merchant, Thomas E.; Ogg, Robert J.; Jeha, Sima; Huang, Lu; Zhang, Hui (2016-06-24).
975:"Computerized cognitive training in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with blinded and objective outcomes"
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and expanded to other impairments of working memory, such as persons with learning disabilities, and people who had a stroke or other traumatic brain injury.
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810:"Dissociable effects of attention vs working memory training on cognitive performance and everyday functioning following fronto-parietal strokes"
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641:"Computerized Cognitive Training for Amelioration of Cognitive Late Effects Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial"
698:"Feasibility and efficacy of an extended trial of home-based working memory training for pediatric brain tumor survivors: a pilot study"
583:"Long-Term Efficacy of Computerized Cognitive Training Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial"
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Peers, Polly V.; Astle, Duncan E.; Duncan, John; Murphy, Fionnuala C.; Hampshire, Adam; Das, Tilak; Manly, Tom (2020).
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Shipstead, Z; Hicks, K; Engle, RW (2012). "Cogmed working memory training: Does the evidence support the claims?".
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528:"Long-term far-transfer effects of working memory training in children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial"
755:"Can computerized working memory training improve impaired working memory, cognition and psychological health?"
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Samuel J. Westwood, Valeria
Parlatini, Katya Rubia, Samuele Cortese, Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke (2023-03-29).
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916:"How to play 20 questions with nature and lose: Reflections on 100 years of brain-training research"
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461:"Few effects of far transfer of working memory training in ADHD: a randomized controlled trial"
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Berger, Eva M.; Fehr, Ernst; Hermes, Henning; Schunk, Daniel; Winkel, Kirsten (2020-06-09).
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The company's marketing efforts have been described in popular media. A 2013 article in
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Bigorra, Aitana; Garolera, Maite; Guijarro, Silvina; Hervás, Amaia (2016).
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magazine said that brain training games are "bogus." A later review in
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Carlson-Green, Bonnie; Puig, Jennifer; Bendel, Anne (2017-06-01).
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Egeland, Jens; Aarlien, Anne
Kristine; Saunes, Brit-Kari (2013).
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392:"Is Working Memory Training Effective? A Meta-Analytic Review"
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Cogmed's initial marketing was focused on helping people with
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Katz, Benjamin; Shah, Priti; Meyer, David E. (2018-10-02).
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309:"Press release: PsychCorp Announces Acquisition of Cogmed"
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challenges to people while he studied their brains using
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280:"Cogmed Claims and Evidence"
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702:Neuro-Oncology Practice
331:"Brain Games are Bogus"
218:"Do brain games work?"
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897:"The Brain Trainers"
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349:"Annual Report 2010"
262:"Training the Brain"
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